专题11 定语从句（复习讲义）（江苏专用）2026年春季高考英语

专题11 定语从句 目录 考情分析与命题趋势 1 知识体系构建 2 考点精析与突破 3 考点一：关系代词引导的定语从句（重点） 3 考点二：关系副词引导的定语从句（常考点） 4 考点三：介词+关系代词引导的定语从句（难点） 5 考点四：非限制性定语从句（常考点） 6 考点五：特殊先行词的定语从句（难点） 7 考点六：定语从句与其他从句的辨析（重点） 8 实战精练与提升 8 一、考试要求 定语从句是江苏春季高考英语语法的核心难点与高频考点，贯穿语法填空、完形填空及书面表达三大题型。其本质是修饰限定名词或代词的从句，核心考查关系词的精准选择、从句成分的判断、特殊句型的应用三大能力。二轮复习需突破关系代词与关系副词混淆、介词+关系代词的介词确定、非限制性定语从句与并列句辨析等易错点，通过成分分析 + 语境匹配的逻辑，实现从语法规则记忆到 解题能力迁移的提升。考生应做到： 1. 掌握定语从句的 “三要素”（先行词、关系词、定语从句），能准确判断从句类型（限制性 / 非限制性）； 2. 熟练区分关系代词（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）和关系副词（when/where/why）的用法，明确其在从句中的语法功能； 3. 掌握特殊定语从句的用法（如介词+关系代词、as引导的非限制性从句、含有特殊先行词的从句）； 4. 能辨析定语从句与并列句、名词性从句、强调句的区别，避免语法混淆； 5. 能在书面表达中规范运用定语从句，提升句子的逻辑性与复杂度。 2、 命题分析 考点 考频（近5年） 考查内容 命题趋势 关系代词辨析 5 年 5 考 that/which/who/whose的选择、只用 that的情况 2026年大概率考 that与which 的辨析 关系副词应用 5 年 4 考 when/where/why 的选择、模糊地点先行词（situation/point） 2026年可能考where表抽象地点 介词 + 关系代词 5 年 3 考 介词的确定（动词搭配 / 先行词搭配）、of which/whom 的用法 2026年可能考介词+ which 非限制性定语从句 5 年 3 考 as/which的区别、与并列句的辨析（逗号 + and/but误用） 2026年可能考as与which的误用 特殊先行词 5 年 2 考 way的三种引导方式、reason的从句引导词 2026年可能考way后的定语从句 定语从句与其他从句辨析 5 年 1 考 与同位语从句、强调句的区别 2026年可能考 that 的从句类型判断 定语从句的核心逻辑：先行词（被修饰的名词 / 代词）+ 关系词（连接主句与从句，充当从句成分）+ 定语从句（修饰限定先行词） 知识点1、定语从句的分类 类型 功能 结构特点 例句 限制性定语从句 限定先行词的范围，不可或缺 无逗号隔开，关系词可省略（作宾语时） He is the boy who helped me yesterday. 非限制性定语从句 补充说明先行词，可有可无 有逗号隔开，关系词不可省（that/who 除外） Beijing, which is the capital of China, has a long history. 知识点2、关系词的分类与功能 关系词类型 常见关系词 先行词类型 在从句中的功能 关系代词 that/which/who/whom/whose/as 人 / 物 / 整个句子 主语、宾语、表语、定语 关系副词 when/where/why 时间名词/地点名词 /the reason 时间状语、地点状语、原因状语 讲 · 考点一：关系代词引导的定语从句 · 核心知识点梳理 一、关系代词的用法 关系代词在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，需根据先行词类型和从句成分选择。 二、核心用法 1. 常用关系代词的具体用法 关系代词 先行词类型 从句中功能 例句 that 人 / 物 主语、宾语、表语 He is the man that helped me. This is the book that I bought yesterday. She is no longer the girl that she used to be. which 物 / 整个句子 主语、宾语 The book which lies on the desk is mine. I lost the pen which my father gave me. He passed the exam, which surprised all of us. who 人 主语、宾语 The girl who is singing is my sister. The person who you met at the gate is our teacher. whom 人 宾语 The boy whom you helped is my classmate. She is the woman whom we are talking about. whose 人 / 物 定语 This is the student whose parents work abroad. I live in a house whose windows face south. = I live in a house the windows of which face south. as 人 / 物 / 整个句子 主语、宾语 Such books as you recommended are useful. As we all know, the earth is round. 2. 只用that不用which的情况 ①先行词为all, much, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词时。 Everything that we saw in the museum was interesting. There is nothing that can stop him from achieving his goal. ②先行词被the only, the very, the same, all, any, no等修饰时。 This is the only book that I need. He is the very person that we are looking for. ③先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被其修饰。 The first lesson that we learned was easy. This is the best film that I have ever seen. ④先行词既有人又有物时。 We talked about the teachers and schools that we visited last week. The boy and his dog that walked along the street attracted many people. 3. 只用which不用that的情况 ①引导非限制性定语从句时。 She bought a new dress, which cost her 500 yuan. The city, which is located by the river, is very beautiful. ②关系代词前有介词时。 This is the house in which I lived last year. He borrowed a book from which he learned a lot. 例题We visited the museum ____________ collects a large number of rare paintings. 【巩固训练1】This is the girl ____________ helped me with my English. 【巩固训练2】I have read all the books ____________ you lent me. 【巩固训练3】The man ____________ car was stolen called the police immediately. · 考点二：关系副词引导的定语从句 · 核心知识点梳理 一、关系副词的用法 关系副词在从句中充当状语，本质是介词 + 关系代词的省略形式（when=in/on which；where=in/at which；why=for which）。 关系副词 先行词类型 从句中功能 例句 when 时间名词（time/day/year 等） 时间状语 I remember the day when we first met.（=on which）There was a time when I hated going to school.（=in which） Do you know the year when the People’s Republic of China was founded?（=in which） where 地点名词（place/city/school 等）/ 抽象地点名词（situation/point/case 等） 地点状语 This is the school where I studied.（=in which） He reached a point where he had to make a decision. We are in a situation where we need to work together. why the reason 原因状语 This is the reason why he was late.（=for which） Do you know the reason why she refused the invitation?（=for which） The reason why he failed is that he didn’t study hard.（=for which） 二、模糊地点先行词的判断 当先行词为抽象地点名词（如situation, point, case, stage, activity, job等），且从句中缺少地点状语时，用where引导。 She is in a stage where she needs more support. The job where you can use English is very popular. 三、关系副词与关系代词的区别 关键看从句中缺少的成分：缺主语 / 宾语→关系代词；缺状语→关系副词。 This is the place where I worked. This is the place that/which I visited last year. 例题We are facing a situation ____________ we have to make a choice between quality and price. 【巩固训练1】This is the factory ____________ my father has worked for 20 years. 【巩固训练2】We’ll never forget the day ____________ the accident happened. · 考点三：介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 · 核心知识点梳理 介词的确定方法 介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句，关系代词只能用 which（指物）或 whom（指人），介词的选择有 3 种逻辑。 ①根据定语从句中谓语动词的固定搭配。 He is the man with whom I worked.（work with sb.） This is the book about which we talked yesterday.（talk about sth） The girl to whom you wrote is my sister.（write to sb.） ②根据先行词的固定搭配。 This is the school in which I studied.（in the school） I bought a house for which I paid a lot of money.（pay money for sth） He has a friend from whom he borrowed a car.（borrow from sb） ③根据句子的逻辑意义。 He was late, for which he apologized.（for表示原因） They visited a village, beyond which there was a mountain.（beyond表示方位：“在…… 之外”） ④特殊结构：名词/数词+ of+which/whom。 He has three children, two of whom are doctors. There are 50 students in the class, most of whom are boys. I have many books, some of which are English novels. 例题The dictionary ____________ which I paid 100 yuan is very useful. 【巩固训练1】This is the teacher ____________ whom we learned a lot. 【巩固训练2】The room ____________ which he lives is very small. 【巩固训练3】She has two brothers, both ____________ whom are engineers. · 考点四：非限制性定语从句 · 核心知识点梳理 非限制性定语从句的特点与用法 非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开，补充说明先行词，不可用that引导。 1. as 与 which 的区别 对比维度 as which 位置 可置于主句前、中、后 只能置于主句后 含义 正如、正像 这一点、这件事（表结果 / 补充） 常用结构 as we know/as is known to all/as has been said 等 无固定结构，指代主句内容 例句 As we all know, the earth is round. He is an honest man, as is shown in his actions. As I expected, he passed the exam. He passed the exam, which made his parents happy. She lost her key, which made her late for work. The film is very interesting, which I didn’t expect. 2.非限制性定语从句与并列句的辨析 ①非限制性定语从句：逗号+ which/who/as（关系词充当从句成分） He has a new car, which is very expensive. ②并列句：逗号+and/but（连接两个完整句子，无成分充当） He has a new car, and it is very expensive. 例题____________ is often the case, he was late for the meeting. 【巩固训练1】He wrote a book, the name ____________ I can’t remember. 【巩固训练2】She won the first prize, ____________ surprised all of us.. · 考点五：特殊先行词的定语从句 · 核心知识点梳理 定语从句的先行词为way/time/reason，关系词的选择 1. 先行词为 way（方式、方法） ①从句中缺状语：用that/in which /不填 The way (that/in which) he solves the problem is very clever. I don’t like the way (that/in which) you speak to your parents. ②从句中缺主语或宾语：用that/which The way that/which he told me is very useful. 2. 先行词为 time（时间） ①表示次数：用that（可省略） This is the third time (that) I have visited Beijing. It was the first time (that) he had been late. ②表示一段时间：用 when/in which There was a time when I lived in the countryside. 3. 先行词为 reason（原因） ①从句中缺状语：用 why/for which/ The reason why/for which he was late is clear. ②从句中缺主语 / 宾语：用 that/which（可省略） The reason (that/which) he gave is not true. 例题I don’t like the way ____________ he talks to others. 【巩固训练1】This is the reason ____________ I refused his invitation. 【巩固训练2】I still remember the time ____________ we spent together in college. · 考点六：定语从句与其他从句的辨析 · 核心知识点梳理 易混淆从句的区分技巧 1. 定语从句vs同位语从句（先行词为抽象名词时） ①定语从句：从句缺成分，关系词充当成分（that 作主语 / 宾语） The fact that he told me is true. ②同位语从句：从句完整，that只起连接作用，不充当成分 The fact that the earth is round is true.. 2. 定语从句vs强调句 ①强调句：去掉It is/was...that...，句子成分完整 It is in the park that we met. ②定语从句：去掉It is/was...that...，句子成分不完整（that充当从句成分） It is the park where/that we met. 例题The news ____________ our team won the game made us excited. 【巩固训练】It is the factory ____________ his father worked 20 years ago. 一、单句语法填空 1. The marathon runner maintained his steady pace, conserving his energy, and didn’t make his final push until he reached the last mile of the race, the finish line was within sight. 2. In the context of globalization, cultural exchanges have become increasingly frequent, the preservation of local traditions faces unique challenges that were not present in the past. 3. This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brain. 4. He was put in prison, he suffered a lot of pain physically and mentally. 5. The truth is that there are many reasons wars break out. 6. They were well trained by their masters had great experience with caring for these animals. 7. is often the case, anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 8. His reply to “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?” was a determined “Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things other people make.” 9. Pablo Picasso is one of the most famous artists in the world, full name is really a long one, in fact a mixture of many names. 10. The IOC has a complete guide for those want to apply to these contests. 11. We have come into a new era reform and creation happen constantly. 12. The early abacus used small round beads instead of long rods, were comparatively clumsy. 13. Cheng Yuyan never expected that the interest group “We Love Strolling in the Park”, she casually created four years ago on Douban, a Chinese social media platform, would now approach 100,000 members. 14. Here are some simple tips can help you and your family become food-waste “fighters”. 15. Do you still remember the days we spent together? 16. He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident. 17. The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman hair color looked just perfect. 18. This is Mr Green, with help I’ve made great progress in English. 19. Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life. 20. This is the intelligent girl to I referred yesterday. 二、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. Call it unhealthy if you want, but that is the way . 你想称之为不健康也无妨，但这就是我做事的风格。 2. In some companies, employees can work from home, or the park or . 在一些公司，员工可以在家、公园或任何他们喜欢的地方工作。 3. Jan joined an online group and get support and advice from others. 简加入了一个在线小组，在那里她可以讨论她的问题，并从其他人那里得到支持和建议。 4. Kingston upon Thames, , is situated on the bank of the Thames. 顾名思义，泰晤士河畔的金斯顿位于泰晤士河岸。 5. I never want to be in a situation . 我不想处于尴尬的境地。 6. If you don’t know what you want, you might . 如果你不知道要什么，那你最终可能会得到你并不想要的东西。 7. Tony was caught chatting at the meeting, 托尼在会议上聊天被抓到，这让他的老板很恼火。 8. What interested him most was the way . 使他最感兴趣的是你和小孩子的相处方式。 9. I was talking with a friend yesterday a start-up company. 我昨天和一个朋友聊天, 他在一家新成立的公司任职。 10. I can remember well the persons and some pictures . 我能清楚地记得我在那个房间见到的人和一些照片。 7 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题11 定语从句 目录 考情分析与命题趋势 1 知识体系构建 2 考点精析与突破 3 考点一：关系代词引导的定语从句（重点） 3 考点二：关系副词引导的定语从句（常考点） 5 考点三：介词 + 关系代词引导的定语从句（难点） 6 考点四：非限制性定语从句（常考点） 7 考点五：特殊先行词的定语从句（难点） 8 考点六：定语从句与其他从句的辨析（重点） 9 实战精练与提升 10 一、考试要求 定语从句是江苏春季高考英语语法的核心难点与高频考点，贯穿语法填空、完形填空及书面表达三大题型。其本质是修饰限定名词或代词的从句，核心考查关系词的精准选择、从句成分的判断、特殊句型的应用三大能力。二轮复习需突破关系代词与关系副词混淆、介词+关系代词的介词确定、非限制性定语从句与并列句辨析等易错点，通过成分分析 + 语境匹配的逻辑，实现从语法规则记忆到 解题能力迁移的提升。考生应做到： 1. 掌握定语从句的 “三要素”（先行词、关系词、定语从句），能准确判断从句类型（限制性 / 非限制性）； 2. 熟练区分关系代词（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）和关系副词（when/where/why）的用法，明确其在从句中的语法功能； 3. 掌握特殊定语从句的用法（如介词+关系代词、as引导的非限制性从句、含有特殊先行词的从句）； 4. 能辨析定语从句与并列句、名词性从句、强调句的区别，避免语法混淆； 5. 能在书面表达中规范运用定语从句，提升句子的逻辑性与复杂度。 2、 命题分析 考点 考频（近5年） 考查内容 命题趋势 关系代词辨析 5 年 5 考 that/which/who/whose的选择、只用 that的情况 2026年大概率考 that与which 的辨析 关系副词应用 5 年 4 考 when/where/why 的选择、模糊地点先行词（situation/point） 2026年可能考where表抽象地点 介词 + 关系代词 5 年 3 考 介词的确定（动词搭配 / 先行词搭配）、of which/whom 的用法 2026年可能考介词+ which 非限制性定语从句 5 年 3 考 as/which的区别、与并列句的辨析（逗号 + and/but误用） 2026年可能考as与which的误用 特殊先行词 5 年 2 考 way的三种引导方式、reason的从句引导词 2026年可能考way后的定语从句 定语从句与其他从句辨析 5 年 1 考 与同位语从句、强调句的区别 2026年可能考 that 的从句类型判断 定语从句的核心逻辑：先行词（被修饰的名词 / 代词）+ 关系词（连接主句与从句，充当从句成分）+ 定语从句（修饰限定先行词） 知识点1、定语从句的分类 类型 功能 结构特点 例句 限制性定语从句 限定先行词的范围，不可或缺 无逗号隔开，关系词可省略（作宾语时） He is the boy who helped me yesterday. 非限制性定语从句 补充说明先行词，可有可无 有逗号隔开，关系词不可省（that/who 除外） Beijing, which is the capital of China, has a long history. 知识点2、关系词的分类与功能 关系词类型 常见关系词 先行词类型 在从句中的功能 关系代词 that/which/who/whom/whose/as 人 / 物 / 整个句子 主语、宾语、表语、定语 关系副词 when/where/why 时间名词/地点名词 /the reason 时间状语、地点状语、原因状语 · 考点一：关系代词引导的定语从句 · 核心知识点梳理 一、关系代词的用法 关系代词在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，需根据先行词类型和从句成分选择。 二、核心用法 1. 常用关系代词的具体用法 关系代词 先行词类型 从句中功能 例句 that 人 / 物 主语、宾语、表语 He is the man that helped me. This is the book that I bought yesterday. She is no longer the girl that she used to be. which 物 / 整个句子 主语、宾语 The book which lies on the desk is mine. I lost the pen which my father gave me. He passed the exam, which surprised all of us. who 人 主语、宾语 The girl who is singing is my sister. The person who you met at the gate is our teacher. whom 人 宾语 The boy whom you helped is my classmate. She is the woman whom we are talking about. whose 人 / 物 定语 This is the student whose parents work abroad. I live in a house whose windows face south. = I live in a house the windows of which face south. as 人 / 物 / 整个句子 主语、宾语 Such books as you recommended are useful. As we all know, the earth is round. 2. 只用that不用which的情况 ①先行词为all, much, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词时。 Everything that we saw in the museum was interesting. There is nothing that can stop him from achieving his goal. ②先行词被the only, the very, the same, all, any, no等修饰时。 This is the only book that I need. He is the very person that we are looking for. ③先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被其修饰。 The first lesson that we learned was easy. This is the best film that I have ever seen. ④先行词既有人又有物时。 We talked about the teachers and schools that we visited last week. The boy and his dog that walked along the street attracted many people. 3. 只用which不用that的情况 ①引导非限制性定语从句时。 She bought a new dress, which cost her 500 yuan. The city, which is located by the river, is very beautiful. ②关系代词前有介词时。 This is the house in which I lived last year. He borrowed a book from which he learned a lot. 例题We visited the museum ____________ collects a large number of rare paintings. 【答案】that/which 【解析】先行词为the museum，从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词that或which；此处为限制性定语从句， 无只用that/which的特殊情况，故两者均可。 【巩固训练1】This is the girl ____________ helped me with my English. 【答案】who/that​ 【解析】先行词the girl，从句中缺少主语，用 who或that。 【巩固训练2】I have read all the books ____________ you lent me. 【答案】that​ 【解析】先行词the books被all修饰，只用that不用which。 【巩固训练3】The man ____________ car was stolen called the police immediately. 【答案】whose​ 【解析】从句中car需定语修饰（某人的车），whose表…… 的，故填whose。 · 考点二：关系副词引导的定语从句 · 核心知识点梳理 一、关系副词的用法 关系副词在从句中充当状语，本质是介词 + 关系代词的省略形式（when=in/on which；where=in/at which；why=for which）。 关系副词 先行词类型 从句中功能 例句 when 时间名词（time/day/year 等） 时间状语 I remember the day when we first met.（=on which）There was a time when I hated going to school.（=in which） Do you know the year when the People’s Republic of China was founded?（=in which） where 地点名词（place/city/school 等）/ 抽象地点名词（situation/point/case 等） 地点状语 This is the school where I studied.（=in which） He reached a point where he had to make a decision. We are in a situation where we need to work together. why the reason 原因状语 This is the reason why he was late.（=for which） Do you know the reason why she refused the invitation?（=for which） The reason why he failed is that he didn’t study hard.（=for which） 二、模糊地点先行词的判断 当先行词为抽象地点名词（如situation, point, case, stage, activity, job等），且从句中缺少地点状语时，用where引导。 She is in a stage where she needs more support. The job where you can use English is very popular. 三、关系副词与关系代词的区别 关键看从句中缺少的成分：缺主语 / 宾语→关系代词；缺状语→关系副词。 This is the place where I worked. This is the place that/which I visited last year. 例题We are facing a situation ____________ we have to make a choice between quality and price. 【答案】where 【解析】先行词为 situation（抽象地点名词），从句中缺少地点状语（“在这种情况下”），故用where 引导。 【巩固训练1】This is the factory ____________ my father has worked for 20 years. 【答案】where 【解析】先行词为the factory（地点名词），从句中worked为不及物动词（work in the factory），缺地 点状语。 【巩固训练2】We’ll never forget the day ____________ the accident happened. 【答案】when 【解析】先行词the day（时间名词），从句中 happened为不及物动词，缺时间状语。 · 考点三：介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 · 核心知识点梳理 介词的确定方法 介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句，关系代词只能用 which（指物）或 whom（指人），介词的选择有 3 种逻辑。 ①根据定语从句中谓语动词的固定搭配。 He is the man with whom I worked.（work with sb.） This is the book about which we talked yesterday.（talk about sth） The girl to whom you wrote is my sister.（write to sb.） ②根据先行词的固定搭配。 This is the school in which I studied.（in the school） I bought a house for which I paid a lot of money.（pay money for sth） He has a friend from whom he borrowed a car.（borrow from sb） ③根据句子的逻辑意义。 He was late, for which he apologized.（for表示原因） They visited a village, beyond which there was a mountain.（beyond表示方位：“在…… 之外”） ④特殊结构：名词/数词+ of+which/whom。 He has three children, two of whom are doctors. There are 50 students in the class, most of whom are boys. I have many books, some of which are English novels. 例题The dictionary ____________ which I paid 100 yuan is very useful. 【答案】for 【解析】先行词 the dictionary，从句中pay与dictionary的搭配为pay money for sth.。 【巩固训练1】This is the teacher ____________ whom we learned a lot. 【答案】from 【解析】learn from sb.向某人学习，固定搭配。 【巩固训练2】The room ____________ which he lives is very small. 【答案】in 【解析】live in the room在房间里，固定搭配。 【巩固训练3】She has two brothers, both ____________ whom are engineers. 【答案】of 【解析】both of+whom表示其中两者都，为固定结构。 · 考点四：非限制性定语从句 · 核心知识点梳理 非限制性定语从句的特点与用法 非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开，补充说明先行词，不可用that引导。 1. as 与 which 的区别 对比维度 as which 位置 可置于主句前、中、后 只能置于主句后 含义 正如、正像 这一点、这件事（表结果 / 补充） 常用结构 as we know/as is known to all/as has been said 等 无固定结构，指代主句内容 例句 As we all know, the earth is round. He is an honest man, as is shown in his actions. As I expected, he passed the exam. He passed the exam, which made his parents happy. She lost her key, which made her late for work. The film is very interesting, which I didn’t expect. 2.非限制性定语从句与并列句的辨析 ①非限制性定语从句：逗号+ which/who/as（关系词充当从句成分） He has a new car, which is very expensive. ②并列句：逗号+and/but（连接两个完整句子，无成分充当） He has a new car, and it is very expensive. 例题____________ is often the case, he was late for the meeting. 【答案】As 【解析】置于句首表示正如，用As。 【巩固训练1】He wrote a book, the name ____________ I can’t remember. 【答案】of which 【解析】从句的主语应为the name of the book，先行词为 a book（物），故用of which。 【巩固训练2】She won the first prize, ____________ surprised all of us.. 【答案】which 【解析】指代 “获奖” 这件事，表表示这让我们惊讶，置于主句后，用which。 · 考点五：特殊先行词的定语从句 · 核心知识点梳理 定语从句的先行词为way/time/reason，关系词的选择 1. 先行词为 way（方式、方法） ①从句中缺状语：用that/in which /不填 The way (that/in which) he solves the problem is very clever. I don’t like the way (that/in which) you speak to your parents. ②从句中缺主语或宾语：用that/which The way that/which he told me is very useful. 2. 先行词为 time（时间） ①表示次数：用that（可省略） This is the third time (that) I have visited Beijing. It was the first time (that) he had been late. ②表示一段时间：用 when/in which There was a time when I lived in the countryside. 3. 先行词为 reason（原因） ①从句中缺状语：用 why/for which/ The reason why/for which he was late is clear. ②从句中缺主语 / 宾语：用 that/which（可省略） The reason (that/which) he gave is not true. 例题I don’t like the way ____________ he talks to others. 【答案】that 【解析】先行词为 way（方式），从句中缺少状语，可用that。 【巩固训练1】This is the reason ____________ I refused his invitation. 【答案】why 【解析】先行词 the reason，从句中缺少原因状语，用why。 【巩固训练2】I still remember the time ____________ we spent together in college. 【答案】that 【解析】从句中spent缺宾语（spend the time），用that。 · 考点六：定语从句与其他从句的辨析 · 核心知识点梳理 易混淆从句的区分技巧 1. 定语从句vs同位语从句（先行词为抽象名词时） ①定语从句：从句缺成分，关系词充当成分（that 作主语 / 宾语） The fact that he told me is true. ②同位语从句：从句完整，that只起连接作用，不充当成分 The fact that the earth is round is true.. 2. 定语从句vs强调句 ①强调句：去掉It is/was...that...，句子成分完整 It is in the park that we met. ②定语从句：去掉It is/was...that...，句子成分不完整（that充当从句成分） It is the park where/that we met. 例题The news ____________ our team won the game made us excited. 【答案】that 【解析】从句our team won the game句意和成分完整，解释news的内容，为同位语从句，用that。 【巩固训练】It is the factory ____________ his father worked 20 years ago. 【答案】where 【解析】此处为定语从句，先行词the factory（地点名词），从句中worked为不及物动词（work in the factory），缺地点状语，用 where。 一、单句语法填空 1. The marathon runner maintained his steady pace, conserving his energy, and didn’t make his final push until he reached the last mile of the race, the finish line was within sight. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这位马拉松运动员保持着稳定的速度，保存着自己的能量，直到跑到比赛的最后一英里，终点线就在眼前，他才做出最后的冲刺。本句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the last mile of the race，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词为where。 2. In the context of globalization, cultural exchanges have become increasingly frequent, the preservation of local traditions faces unique challenges that were not present in the past. 【答案】where 【解析】考查连词。句意：在文化交流日益频繁的全球化背景下，保护地方传统面临着前所未有的独特挑战。先行词为the context of globalization，在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词为where。 3. This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brain. 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这表明在他们的大脑中有一种特定的方式来表示数量。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是way，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作方式状语，可用that引导。 4. He was put in prison, he suffered a lot of pain physically and mentally. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他被关进了监狱，在那里他遭受了身体和精神上的许多痛苦。prison为先行词，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词作从句的地点状语，用关系副词where引导。 5. The truth is that there are many reasons wars break out. 【答案】why 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：事实上，战争爆发的原因有很多。分析句子该空需要一个连接词引导定语从句修饰先行词reasons，并且指代先行词在从句中作原因状语，应填关系副词why。 6. They were well trained by their masters had great experience with caring for these animals. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被它们的主人训练得很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。________ had great experience with caring for these animals.是一个定语从句，先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语，指人。 7. is often the case, anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 【答案】As 【解析】考查as引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：通常情况下，对于那些坚持希望的人来说，一切皆有可能。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代的先行词为后面整个句子，用关系代词as引导。句首单词首字母大写。 8. His reply to “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?” was a determined “Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things other people make.” 【答案】that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他对于“我们中国人可能制造导弹吗”的回答是坚决的“为什么不呢？我们中国人也能做别人做的东西。”空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，先行词things被the same修饰，结合句意，空格处用关系代词that引导定语从句。 9. Pablo Picasso is one of the most famous artists in the world, full name is really a long one, in fact a mixture of many names. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Pablo Picasso是世界上最著名的艺术家之一，他的全名很长，实际上是许多名字的混合体。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词artists和full name之间是所属关系，因此空格处用表所属的关系代词whose引导定语从句。 10. The IOC has a complete guide for those want to apply to these contests. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：国际奥委会为那些想要申请参加这些比赛的人提供了一份完整的指南。设空处引导限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词those是人，因此空格处用关系代词who引导定语从句， 11. We have come into a new era reform and creation happen constantly. 【答案】when 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入了一个改革和创新不断发生的新纪元。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a new era，关系词代替先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。 12. The early abacus used small round beads instead of long rods, were comparatively clumsy. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：早期的算盘使用小圆珠而不是长杆，这是相对笨拙的。非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，应用which。 13. Cheng Yuyan never expected that the interest group “We Love Strolling in the Park”, she casually created four years ago on Douban, a Chinese social media platform, would now approach 100,000 members. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：程玉燕从未预料到，她四年前在中国社交媒体平台豆瓣上随意创建的兴趣小组“我们爱逛公园”，如今会员人数即将接近10万名。空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词group。先行词指物，在从句中作created的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。 14. Here are some simple tips can help you and your family become food-waste “fighters”. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这里有一些简单的建议，可以帮助你和你的家人成为食物浪费的“斗士”。空格处为定语从句的连接词；先行词tips指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，用that或which引导定语从句。 15. Do you still remember the days we spent together? 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查关系代词。句意：你还记得我们一起度过的日子吗？分析句子结构可知该句为定语从句，先行词为the days指物，在从句中充当spent的宾语。 16. He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他写了一封信，在信里他解释了在事故中发生的事。设空处引导限制性定语从句，设空处指代先行词a letter，在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。 17. The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman hair color looked just perfect. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女人的照片，她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词woman，先行词指人，在从句中作定语，和hair color之间是所属关系，应用关系代词whose作引导词。 18. This is Mr Green, with help I’ve made great progress in English. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这位是格林先生，在他的帮助下我的英语进步很大。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Mr Green，指代人，在从句中作定语，应用whose，修饰名词help，表示“他的”。故填whose。 19. Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方。空格处引导限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词place是地方，因此用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。 20. This is the intelligent girl to I referred yesterday. 【答案】whom 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我昨天提到的那个聪明的女孩。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the intelligent girl，先行词指人，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作介词to的宾语，应用关系代词 whom。 二、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. Call it unhealthy if you want, but that is the way . 你想称之为不健康也无妨，但这就是我做事的风格。 【答案】I roll 【解析】考查固定搭配及定语从句。根据中文提示，“我”可以使用I，“做事的风格”可以使用roll，roll 的本义是“滚动”，在口语里常被引申为“行事、混、过日子”的意思，符合题意。the way后接句子，这是一个定语从句，可以使用that/in which或者省略关系词。结合句子其他部分，可知使用一般现在时。 2. In some companies, employees can work from home, or the park or . 在一些公司，员工可以在家、公园或任何他们喜欢的地方工作。 【答案】anywhere they like 【解析】考查定语从句，时态和主谓一致。句意：“任何地方”是anywhere，他们喜欢的用定语从句结构修饰anywhere，从句描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，因此翻译为they like，先行词anywhere指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，使用关系代词that引导从句，且that可省略，因此空格处是anywhere they like。 3. Jan joined an online group and get support and advice from others. 简加入了一个在线小组，在那里她可以讨论她的问题，并从其他人那里得到支持和建议。 【答案】where she could talk about her problems 【解析】考查定语从句。“她”she，“讨论……”talk about，“她的问题”her problems，使用复数形式表示泛指，作介词about的宾语，根据joined可知，句子使用一般过去时，“可以”使用情态动词could，后接动词原形形式，空处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词an online group，先行词指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，使用关系副词where引导从句。 4. Kingston upon Thames, , is situated on the bank of the Thames. 顾名思义，泰晤士河畔的金斯顿位于泰晤士河岸。 【答案】as the name indicates 【解析】考查定语从句。空处为非限制性定语从句，用as引导，意为“正如”，指代整个句子，as在从句中作宾语，根据句意和is可知，定语从句用一般现在时，表示“名称”，用名词name，作主语，表示特指，加定冠词the，主语为单数形式；表示“所示”，用动词indicate，作谓语，主语为单数形式，谓语也用第三人称单数形式。 5. I never want to be in a situation . 我不想处于尴尬的境地。 【答案】where I feel embarrassed 【解析】考查定语从句。表示“处于尴尬的”用定语从句，定语从句中：句子描述一般情况，应用一般现在时，表示“我感觉尴尬”用I feel embarrassed，句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时；从句修饰先行词situation，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。 6. If you don’t know what you want, you might . 如果你不知道要什么，那你最终可能会得到你并不想要的东西。 【答案】end up getting something you don’t want 【解析】考查固定短语，时态，主谓一致和定语从句。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“最终得到你并不想要的东西”，“最终做某事”是end up doing sth.，might是情态动词，end用原形，“得到”是get，用动名词作宾语，“东西”是something，“你并不想要的”用that引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语时可省略that，描述现在的事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是you，因此“你并不想要的”翻译为you don’t want，因此空格处是end up getting something you don’t want。 7. Tony was caught chatting at the meeting, 托尼在会议上聊天被抓到，这让他的老板很恼火。 【答案】which annoyed his boss 【解析】考查定语从句和动词时态。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，指代前文“托尼在会议上聊天被抓到”的事实，故用which引导；同时表示“使某人恼火”用动词annoy，根据前文was可知，此处表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时；表示“他的老板”用his boss。 8. What interested him most was the way . 使他最感兴趣的是你和小孩子的相处方式。 【答案】(that/in which) you communicated with the children 【解析】考查定语从句和时态。空处引导定语从句，先行词是the way，当先行词为“way”且在定语从句中作方式状语时，关系词可以用that/in which，也可省略。“与……相处”表达为“communicate with...”，“小孩子”为“the children”。结合interested和was可知句子描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。 9. I was talking with a friend yesterday a start-up company. 我昨天和一个朋友聊天, 他在一家新成立的公司任职。 【答案】who took up a position at 【解析】考查定语从句，时态和动词短语。设空处“__________ a start-up company”对应“他在一家新成立的公司任职”，可用定语从句表达，先行词为“a friend”，在从句中为主语“他”，用关系代词who引导从句；“任职”用动词短语“take up a position”表达，动词作从句谓语动词，与主句时态保持一致，这里用一般过去时，动词用过去式“took”；“在一家新成立的公司”用介词短语“at a start-up company”表达。 10. I can remember well the persons and some pictures . 我能清楚地记得我在那个房间见到的人和一些照片。 【答案】that I saw in the room 【解析】考查定语从句。该空后引导限制性定语从句，先行词the persons and some pictures，关系词替代先行词在从句中作动词see (见到)的宾语，先行词有人有物只能用关系代词that引导；从句主语为I；表示“在那个房间”短语为in the room。发生在过去用一般过去时。 7 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $