Unit 4 Period 7 单元回顾 默写背诵(Living with technology)-【名师导航】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册教师用书word（译林版）

本高中英语讲义围绕“Living with technology”主题，系统梳理科技相关词汇（如virtual, sensor及派生词capable→capacity）、短语（如build castles in the air）和核心句型（如Imagine waking up... How cool that would be!），构建从词汇积累到阅读分析、写作应用的递进式学习支架。 资料特色在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过派生词拓展词汇网络，写作任务（给未来朋友的信）引导学生思考科技与生活的关系，阅读模块选取AI、环保等话题训练信息筛选能力。课中助力教师实施分层教学，课后学生可借助默写清单和范文自主巩固，有效提升学习效率。

Period 7　 默写背诵(Living with technology) 1．castle n．城堡 2．massive adj．巨大的，大而重的；非常严重的 3．domestic adj．家庭的，家用的；本国的，国内的 4．contemporary adj．当代的，现代的；属同时期的，同一时代的 n．同代人，同辈人 5．virtual adj．虚拟的，模拟的；很接近的，事实上的 6．sensor n．传感器，敏感元件 7．initial adj．最初的，开始的 n．首字母 1．input n．输入的信息；投入 vt．输入(信息) 2．breakthrough n．重大进展，突破 adj．突破性的 3．autonomous adj．自主的，有自主权的；自治的 4．murder vt．& n．谋杀，凶杀 5．pose vt．造成，产生；提问，质询 vi．摆好姿势 n．姿势 6．apparently adv．显然，可见 7．victim n．受害者，牺牲品；受骗者；祭品 8．decrease vt．& vi．减少，降低 n．减少，降低 9．deny vt．否认，否定；拒绝承认，拒绝接受 10．quantity n．数量；大量 11．highlight n．最好(或最精彩)的部分 vt．突出，强调；使醒目 12．bury vt．埋藏；埋葬，安葬；覆盖；遮盖；使陷入 13．academic adj．教学的，学术的；学习良好的；纯理论的 14．twin n．双胞胎之一；一对相像的事物之一 adj．双胞胎之一的；成对的，成双的 15．satellite n．人造卫星；卫星 16．barrier n．障碍，阻力；屏障，障碍物；分界线，隔阂 1．capable adj．有能力的，能胜任的→capacity n．领悟(或理解、办事)能力；容量，容积；职位，职责；生产量 2．finance n．财政，金融；资金；财力，财务管理 vt．提供资金→financial adj．金融的；财政的，财务的 3．threat n．威胁，恐吓；凶兆；构成威胁的人(或事物) →threaten vt．危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓 4．crime n．罪，罪行；犯罪活动→criminal n．罪犯 adj．犯法的；犯罪的 5．demand vt．需要；强烈要求 n．要求，所需之物；需求，需要→demanding adj．(工作)要求高的，费力的；(人)苛求的 6．recognize vt．认出，识别；承认→recognition n．识别，认出；承认，认可；赞誉，赏识 7．envy n．& vt．羡慕，忌妒→envious adj．羡慕的；忌妒的 8．conclude vt．& vi．断定，推断出；达成，订立；(使)结束，终止→conclusion n．结论；结局；推论 9．justify vt．证明……正当；替……辩护→justified adj．合乎情理的，事出有因的；有正当理由的 10．superior adj．(在品质上)更好的，占优势的；(在级别、重要性或职位上)更高的；有优越感的→superiority n．优越感；优越性，优势 11．engage vt．& vi．吸引住(注意力、兴趣)；雇用，聘用；与……建立密切关系→engaged adj．已订婚的；占线的；使用中的→engagement n．订婚；约会；雇用 12．optimist n．乐观的人；乐天派→optimistic adj．乐观的，抱乐观看法的→optimistically adv．乐观地→optimism n．乐观；乐观主义 1．(build) castles in the air (建)空中楼阁，幻想，空想 2．to name but a few 略举几例 3．fall victim to 受伤，受损，被害 4．break into 强行闯入，撬开；突然开始(笑、唱等)；顺利打入 5．in large quantities 大量，大批 6．spy on 暗中监视，窥探 7．fountain pen 自来水笔 8．at the forefront of 处于最前列，进入重要地位 9．a host of 许多，大量 10．boil down to 归结为，基本问题是 11．like weeds 大量 12．at the expense of 在牺牲(或损害)……的情况下 1．Imagine waking up one morning with the option of staying in bed and pressing a button to send a robot to do all the work for you．How cool that would be! 想象一下，有一天早上醒来，可以选择待在床上，按下一个按钮，让一个机器人为你做所有的工作。那该多酷啊！ 2．The dream of AI has been around for centuries，and the development of computers since the 1940s has finally made it a reality． 人工智能的梦想已经存在了几个世纪，自20世纪40年代以来，计算机的发展终于使它成为现实。 3．In short，this technology is transforming the way we live． 简而言之，这项技术正在改变我们的生活方式。 4．We may still think it would be fantastic to relax all day and allow autonomous machines to do all the work for us—but perhaps we should not be too greedy and rather be careful what we wish for! 我们可能仍然认为，整天放松，让自动机器为我们做所有的工作是美妙的——但也许我们不应该太贪婪，而应该小心自己的愿望！ 5．Considering there are so many challenges to deal with，are you still optimistic about the future of VR? 考虑到有很多挑战要面对，你对VR的未来仍然乐观吗？ 6．Thank you，Frank．It all sounds wonderful． 谢谢你，弗兰克。这一切听起来都很棒。 假定你是李华，你校英语报拟刊登主题为“写给未来的朋友”的信件。请给你未来的朋友Tony写一封信，向校报投稿，内容包括： 1．环境：优美，希望将来更舒适、更美丽； 2．能源：太阳能、风能的使用，希望海水成为能源； 3．生活：丰衣足食，周游世界； 4．工作学习：效率逐渐提高，压力越来越小。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ [高分范文背诵] Dear Tony， Hi! I'm Li Hua． With the development of science and technology，I'm optimistic about life．The surroundings where we live are fine and will be more comfortable and beautiful．Solar energy and wind energy will have been made full use of in many places．I wish seawater will be switched into energy as well．Not only are we provided with enough food and clothing，but we can also spend more time travelling around the world．Furthermore，it is because we can work more efficiently that we will have less stress． All in all，I'm content with our life and it will be more colourful in the future． Yours， Li Hua 片段1 But no more helicopters came and it was getting dark again．Immediately，an absolute darkness ruled the forest．Jane，worried and scared，lay down near a stone，missing her family at a distance． 但是再也没有直升机飞来，天又黑了下来。立刻，一片漆黑笼罩了整个森林。简又担忧又害怕，躺在一块石头旁，思念着她远方的家人。 片段2 All the fantastic memory crowded in and she couldn't help crying，“Hadn't I quarreled with Tom，walked away and climbed to the high place，I wouldn't have been trapped in this awful place．” Confronted with the danger of dying，she regretted with endless anxiety，and then became asleep with shining tears in her eyes． 所有美好的回忆涌上心头，她忍不住哭了起来：“如果不是和汤姆吵了一架，然后走开，爬到高处，我就不会被困在这个可怕的地方了。”面临着死亡的危险，她满怀无尽焦虑地悔恨着，然后眼里闪着泪光睡着了。 模块综合检测 (总分：120分) 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Duke of Edinburgh's Award has picked some activities to help build confidence，independence and adaptability among youngsters． Set yourself a physical challenge Learn survival skills at Sani Resort on Greece's Halkidiki coast．The activity is sponsored by the Bear Grylls Survival Academy．Lessons include ways of hiding outdoors，seeking routes，building boats and finding food in the wild． Price：￡33.50 per day，per person． Spend time in nature Head to Ecuador's Mashpi Lodge to experience about 6，200 acres of cloud forest in an excellent reserve of this country，flying through the treetops on the Sky Bike and Dragonfly Canopy Gondola．The tour is guided by Mashpi's team of local naturalist guides． Price：￡1，030 per room per night，including transfers (换乘) from Quito and all meals and guided activities within the reserve．Out-of-Ecuador tourists need to pay for flying． Travel somewhere new It can be particularly rewarding for young people when they step out of their comfort zone．There's nowhere better than the wilds of South Africa．Scott Dunn's teen programme offers an African adventure with two unforgettable experiences to observe wild animals，including a trip to Marakele National Park． Price：￡6，000 a person． Experience a digital detox (脱瘾) Join Metropolitan Touring's journey to the Galapagos Islands．Twin it with a digital switch-off，book day trips with expert guides，and travel around the active Sierra Negra volcano．Activities include heading to Santa Cruz Island on the hotel's boat，diving and surfing． Price：￡2，730 per person，double occupancy，including all accommodation，return inter-island flights，tours and meals． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个帮助青少年建立自信、增强独立性、提高适应能力的旅行项目。 1．What is excluded from the charge for the travel to Mashpi Lodge? A．International flights． B．Changes of vehicles． C．Touring in the reserve． D．Diets during the travel． A　[细节理解题。根据题干中的Mashpi Lodge可将信息定位至第二个活动。根据Price部分中的“Out-of-Ecuador tourists need to pay for flying．”可知，国际航班的费用不包括在内。] 2．Which activity is most attractive to wild creature lovers? A．Spend time in nature． B．Travel somewhere new． C．Experience a digital detox． D．Set yourself a physical challenge． B　[细节理解题。根据第三个活动中的“Scott Dunn's teen... to observe wild animals”可知，该活动对野生动物爱好者最具吸引力。] 3．What can tourists do during Metropolitan Touring's journey? A．Enjoy a flexible tour． B．Use special digital devices． C．Learn some survival skills． D．Experience water sports． D　[细节理解题。根据题干中的Metropolitan Touring's journey可将信息定位至最后一个活动。根据该部分中的“Activities include heading... boat，diving and surfing．”可知，游客可以体验一些水上运动。] B Contrary to popular opinion，the scientific pursuit of knowledge is not a predictable and well-defined process．To make new discoveries，researchers need the freedom to be creative，fail，and learn by chance．There is the romantic idea of the scientist who has an Eureka moment (顿悟时刻) and suddenly arrives at new insights．Another impression is that research only involves formal steps．Neither of those ideas is correct． “Science and art are two different ways to make something comprehensible or imaginable，” says Biochemistry Professor Dolf Weijers．“ From the outside，the research process looks very formal and the artistic process looks somewhat messy．But the scientific process can also unfold in an unpredictable way．Creative and associative thinking is very important for scientists to gain insight and make connections．” There is an intersection between science and art．This is why Wageningen scientists look to artists for inspiration and exchange ideas about how to amplify creative freedom．Weijers and his colleague Joris Sprakel，together with other scientists and artists，have designed a plan to learn from each other and to exchange ideas．One example is the recent and special project in which they measured the forces that act on plant cells．A molecular (分子) sensor was used to visualise the different forces．They revealed the results in colourful images，each representing a different force． What science and art also have in common is that they are topics of discussion in society．There are people who say that they do not value art and people who mistrust science．“It often creates the wrong impression because only the results of scientific studies are presented，and people do not have any insight into the artistic process leading to discovery．As a scientist you are criticised if you say that something is different a few years later．Then you are viewed as unreliable．But what is often poorly understood is that there are no final results in science，” says Weijers． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了艺术在科学研究中的作用。 4．What is the first paragraph mainly about? A．The purpose of science research． B．The views on science research． C．The attitude to science research． D．The hardship of science research． B　[段落大意题。根据第一段的内容可知，与流行的观点相反，对知识的科学追求不是一个可预测和明确定义的过程，“科学家有时会顿悟或突然获得新的洞察力”和“研究只涉及正式步骤”这两种观点都是错误的。由此可知，第一段主要讲的是对科学研究的观点。故选B。] 5．What can we know from Weijers's view? A．The research process and the artistic process are totally different． B．The scientific process always unfolds in an unpredictable way． C．Scientists should have creative and associative thinking． D．The artistic process is too messy to be used in research． C　[推理判断题。由第二段末句可推知，威杰斯认为科学家应该有创造性和联想性思维。故选C。] 6．What does the underlined word “amplify” mean in the third paragraph? A．Detect． B．Abandon． C．Imply． D．Increase． D　[词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句和第三段前两句可知，科学和艺术之间有交集。这就是瓦赫宁根的科学家们从艺术家那里寻找灵感，并就如何扩大创作自由交换意见的原因，故amplify意为“扩大，增加”。故选D。] 7．Why does the author mention Weijers's research on plant cells? A．To display the beauty of colourful images． B．To stress the importance of thinking freely． C．To present the findings of his recent project． D．To show the connection between science and art． D　[推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“There is an intersection between science and art．”和最后一句“They revealed the results in colourful images，each representing a different force．”可知，作者通过威杰斯的研究事例说明艺术与科学之间存在交叉融合，表明了艺术与科学的联系。故选D。] C The 71st annual Boston Marathon was held on April 19，1967．This day was filled with freezing rain，snow and strong winds．However，for one participant named Kathrine Switzer，the weather conditions were the least of her worries．Kathrine was the first and only registered female runner in the marathon and she had something to prove． The first few miles were a piece of cake for Kathrine．Then around mile four，she realized someone was chasing her．She turned around and was startled to see an angry face just inches away．It was the race director (赛事总监)，Jock Semple． “Get the hell out of my race and give me those numbers！” Jock yelled．As he said this，he grabbed Kathrine and tried ripping her race numbers off her sweatshirt．Kathrine was so shocked and terrified．As Jock clung to her sweatshirt，Kathrine struggled to break free． Kathrine felt awful．She thought about dropping out，but soon she knew that wasn't an option．“If I quit，nobody would ever believe that women had the capability to run 26-plus miles．If I quit，everybody would say it was a show．If I quit，it would set women's sports back，way back，instead of forward...” While all this thinking was going on，Kathrine continued，until she found herself nearing the finish line．Completely soaked and greeted by only a handful of reporters，none of whom cheered，Kathrine completed the race in a time of 4 hours and 20 minutes．The race was over，but her pursuit of change was just beginning． She was a primary force behind getting women officially accepted into the Boston Marathon in 1972．Her leadership also paved the way for the International Olympic Committee to admit the women's marathon into the 1984 Olympic Games．Her number 261 on that historic day in Boston has also become a symbol of fearlessness for millions of women worldwide． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了凯瑟琳·斯威策为争取女子参加马拉松运动而做出的努力。 8．What did Kathrine hope to achieve in the 71st Boston Marathon? A．Being a registered runner． B．Proving women's athletic ability． C．Instructing her friend as a coach． D．Providing service as a volunteer． B　[推理判断题。根据第一段末句并结合第四段第二句可推知，凯瑟琳希望在第71届波士顿马拉松比赛中证明女子的运动能力。故选B。] 9．Why did Jock Semple chase Kathrine? A．To follow her pace． B．To defeat her in the race． C．To force her to quit． D．To remind her of the rules． C　[细节理解题。根据第三段前两句可知，乔克·森普尔追着凯瑟琳是想逼她退出比赛。故选C。] 10．What is mainly discussed about Kathrine in the last paragraph? A．Her leadership． B．Her ambition． C．Her popularity． D．Her contributions． D　[段落大意题。根据最后一段前两句可知，最后一段主要讨论了凯瑟琳的贡献。故选D。] 11．Which of the following can best describe Kathrine according to the passage? A．Caring and sensitive． B．Fearless and responsible． C．Adventurous and kind． D．Courageous and determined． D　[推理判断题。根据第四段中她永不放弃的表现，及最后一段中她的努力带来的历史性突破可推知，凯瑟琳勇敢而坚定。故选D。] D An artificial intelligence can decode (解码) words and sentences from brain activity with surprising—though still limited—accuracy．Using only a few seconds of brain activity data，the AI guesses what a person has heard．It lists the correct answer in its top 10 possibilities up to 73 percent of the time，researchers found in a study． Developed at the company Meta，the AI could eventually be used to help thousands of people around the world unable to communicate through speech，typing or gestures，researchers report August 25 at arXiv．org． Most existing technologies to help such patients communicate require risky brain surgeries to implant electrodes(植入电极)．“This new approach could provide a practical path to help patients without the use of invasive methods，” says neuroscientist Jean-Rémi King，a Meta AI researcher in Paris． King and his colleagues trained a computational tool to detect words and sentences on 56，000 hours of speech recordings from 53 languages．The tool，also known as a language model，learned how to recognize specific features of language．With the help of a computational method，the team tried to decode what participants had heard using just three seconds of brain activity data from each person．The team instructed the AI to match the speech sounds from the story recordings to patterns of brain activity that the AI computed as corresponding to what people were hearing．It then made predictions about what the person might have been hearing during that short time，given more than 1，000 possibilities．The correct answer was in the AI's top 10 guesses up to 73 percent of the time，the researchers found． “The new study is decoding of speech perception，not production，” King notes．Though speech production is the ultimate goal，for now，“we're quite a long way away．” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能的新用途——可以从大脑活动中解码单词和句子，这可以用于帮助无法通过语音、打字或手势进行交流的人。 12．What is the main idea of paragraph 1? A．The principle of human brain activity． B．The limitation of human brain activity． C．The definition of the artificial intelligence． D．The new function of the artificial intelligence． D　[段落大意题。根据第一段内容可知，一种人工智能可以从大脑活动中解码单词和句子，其准确性令人惊讶(尽管仍然有限)。人工智能能猜出一个人听到了什么。由此可知，第一段主要介绍了人工智能的一项新功能。故选D。] 13．Whom might the AI be beneficial to? A．People unable to hear． B．People who can't move around． C．People who are unconscious． D．People unable to communicate normally． D　[细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，这项人工智能最终可用于帮助无法通过语音、打字或手势进行交流的人，即对不能正常交流的人有益。故选D。] 14．What is the purpose of paragraph 4? A．To analyze the features of the study． B．To state the significance of the study． C．To introduce the process of the study． D．To present the achievement of the study． C　[推理判断题。根据第四段中详细介绍King 和他的同事们训练了一个计算工具……研究小组指示人工智能将故事录音中的语音与大脑活动模式进行匹配等内容可推知，第四段的目的是介绍该研究的过程。故选C。] 15．What can we infer about the AI from the passage? A．It performs well in the speech production． B．Its accuracy is far from the researchers' satisfaction． C．It will help patients avoid dangerous brain surgeries． D．Its language learning ability is beyond expectations． C　[推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，人工智能技术不需要给病人脑部做手术植入电极，所以它能帮助病人避免危险的脑部手术。故选C。] 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sleep is very important for protecting and maintaining people's normal activities．It can provide the energy of your body，improve your resistance，promote the normal growth and development of your body． 16 The first step is to switch your pillow．The poor pillow needs a rest if you're constantly beating it，turning it over and upside down． 17 And then you can put a sweet-smelling pillow towel (毛巾) on it and try again． Choosing the right pillow is another choice．One Swedish study found that neck pillows can actually improve the quality of your sleep as well as reduce neck pain． 18 And it should provide neck support．A pillow with two supporting cores received the best rating from the 55 people who participated in the study．Another study found that water-filled pillows and pillows made of natural fibers provided a good night's sleep when compared to participants' usual pillows or roll pillows． 19 Even the barely noticeable light from street lights，a full moon or your neighbor's house can disturb your sleep．So it is necessary to block out some light with proper fabrics． Besides，cleaning your bedroom and painting it comforting green are helpful．The more mess，the more distractions in the way of a good night's sleep．Instead，the smooth and clean surfaces act as a comfort to your brain，helping to remove your own worries and mental to-do lists． 20 It can relax you as you lie in bed reading or preparing for sleep． A．You should find a new pillow． B．However，oversleeping isn't good for you either． C．But how can you get the sleep your body needs? D．The comforting color provides a visual reminder of sleep． E．It is very comfortable to enjoy some light in your bedroom． F．The ideal neck pillow should be soft and not too high． G．You'd better switch to heavier curtains over the windows and use them． [答案]　16－20　CAFGD 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Sarkar is a nanotechnologist (纳米技术专家) and assistant professor at MIT．She is conducting her research on brain diseases that 21 the minds of millions of people worldwide． Born in Kolkata，India，Sarkar credits both of her parents as early 22 ．Her courage as a researcher comes from her 23 ，who as a young woman went against social norms (常态) in her village by 24 to fund her own education．Meanwhile，Sarkar's father inspired her interest in 25 ．Sarkar recalls her father finding time for his 26 ，fashioning devices to make home life more 27 ，including an electricity-free washing machine．“That got me very 28 in science and technology，” Sarkar says． After 29 a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad，Sarkar 30 California to study nanoelectronics．There，she tested new ways to 31 nanodevices that could reduce the amount of 32 consumed by computers and other everyday electronics． 33 ，she made a breakthrough by developing a standout nanodevice． Along the way，Sarkar became fascinated with the 34 ，which she calls “the lowest energy computer”．She hopes to put nanodevices between human neurons (神经细胞) to improve the computing speed of the processor in our brains．“Our brains are 35 ，but we could be better than what we are，” she says． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了纳米技术专家萨卡尔的成长经历以及所取得的成就。 21．A．enrich　　　　 B．read C．affect D．poison C　[根据上文“She is conducting her research on brain diseases”及下文“the minds of millions of people worldwide”可知，这种疾病正在影响数百万人的大脑。故选C。] 22．A．birds B．researchers C．failures D．inspirations D　[根据上文“Sarkar credits both of her parents as early”及下文“Meanwhile，Sarkar's father inspired her interest”可知，萨卡尔认为父母是她早期的灵感来源，给了她启发。故选D。] 23．A．aunt B．mother C．sister D．grandmother B　[根据下文“who as a young woman went against social norms in her village by to fund her own education”可知，这一句描述萨卡尔的母亲在年轻时做的事情。故选B。] 24．A．working B．pretending C．refusing D．waiting A　[根据下文“to fund her own education”可知，萨卡尔的母亲在年轻时违背社会常态，努力工作为自己的教育提供资金。故选A。] 25．A．politics B．history C．engineering D．sport C　[根据下文“including an electricity-free washing machine”及“After a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad”可知，父亲让萨卡尔喜欢上了工程学。故选C。] 26．A．job B．holiday C．discomfort D．passion D　[根据下文“fashioning devices to make home life more ，including an electricity-free washing machine”可知，父亲会腾出时间来研究自己的爱好。故选D。] 27．A．complex B．convenient C．peaceful D．meaningful B　[根据上文“fashioning devices to make home life more”可知，父亲制作设备是为了让家庭生活更方便。故选B。] 28．A．interested B．honest C．lucky D．disappointed A　[根据上文“Sarkar's father inspired her interest in ．”可知，父亲影响了萨卡尔在科技上的兴趣。故选A。] 29．A．starting B．earning C．needing D．introducing B　[根据下文“Sarkar California to study nanoelectronics”可知，萨卡尔在印度获得了学位后，继续去美国学习纳米电子学。故选B。] 30．A．adapted to B．related to C．headed to D．belonged to C　[根据上文“After a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad”及“California to study nanoelectronics”可知，此处表示前往美国学习深造。故选C。] 31．A．create B．fix C．operate D．sell A　[根据上文“she tested new ways”可知，萨卡尔测试了制造纳米器件的新方法。故选A。] 32．A．water B．money C．power D．time C　[根据下文“consumed by computers and other everyday electronics”可知，计算机和其他日常电子产品需要电力来驱动。故选C。] 33．A．Unfortunately B．Immediately C．Obviously D．Eventually D　[根据下文“she made a breakthrough by developing a standout nanodevice”可知，最终，她获得了突破。故选D。] 34．A．computer B．brain C．exercise D．fashion B　[根据下文“which she calls ‘the lowest energy computer’”及“She hopes to put nanodevices between human neurons to improve the computing speed of the processor in our brains．”可知，此处“最低能量的计算机”指的是人脑。故选B。] 35．A．empty B．busy C．relaxed D．remarkable D　[根据下文“but we could be better than what we are”并结合常识可知，人脑的潜力无限大，所以是非凡的。故选D。] 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Great Barrier Reef is one of Earth's greatest 36． (nature) wonders．It's the largest system of coral reefs in the world．The colorful underwater habitat provides food and shelter for many sea animals．But in 2018，scientists flying over the reef 37． (shock) by what they saw． “Where you expected 38． (see) colorful healthy corals，what you saw was just white，” says scientist Mark Eakin．What the scientists saw is a condition called coral bleaching．It's a warning sign that the reef is 39． serious trouble．Experts say 40． is rising ocean temperatures that are mostly to blame．Coral reefs look like plants，but they're actually tiny animals that live together in huge groups．Corals get their nutrients from tiny plant-like living things called algae．The algae live inside corals and give them their color．But when the ocean gets too warm，corals release the algae．As 41． result，the corals get bleached white．Scientists say that bleaching is becoming more widespread as oceans get 42． (warm)．Some corals can recover from bleaching as the water 43． (cool) in winter，but that is getting less likely as winter ocean temperatures rise too． Reefs worldwide suffer from 44． (pollute)，overfishing，and other dangers，45． scientists say climate change is the biggest threat．They predict that nearly 90 percent of all reefs will disappear by 2050． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大堡礁因为海洋温度的上升面临着即将消失的危险。 36．natural　[考查形容词。修饰名词wonders应用形容词natural。故填natural。] 37．were shocked　[考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。根据“in 2018”可知，用一般过去时。根据“by what they saw”可知，用被动语态。主语scientists为复数。故填were shocked。] 38．to see　[考查不定式。expect to do sth．意为“期待做某事”，to do不定式作宾语。故填to see。] 39．in　[考查介词。根据“a warning sign”可知，珊瑚礁正处于严重困境之中，in trouble意为“处于困境”。故填in。] 40．it　[考查强调句。空格所在的句子是宾语从句，从句中用的是强调句句式，强调主语“rising ocean temperatures”，即“it be＋主语/宾语/状语＋that/who＋未强调部分”，所以此处应用it。故填it。] 41．a　[考查冠词和固定搭配。as a result意为“结果”。故填a。] 42．warmer　[考查比较级。根据“bleaching is becoming more widespread”可知，海洋变得越来越暖，所以此处也应用比较级与其对应。故填warmer。] 43．cools　[考查一般现在时和主谓一致。根据“that is getting less likely as winter ocean temperatures rise too”可知，此处应用一般现在时。as引导的从句中主语water为第三人称单数。故填cools。] 44．pollution　[考查名词。根据“overfishing，and other dangers”可知，此处应用名词pollution作介词from的宾语。故填pollution。] 45．but　[考查连词。 “Reefs worldwide suffer from pollution，overfishing，and other dangers”和“scientists say climate change is the biggest threat”构成转折关系，且空格后没有逗号，所以此处应用连词but表示转折。故填but。] 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是李华，近期参加了主题为“Life in the Future”的科技展，你的英国好友Tom向你了解情况，请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1．展览时间、地点； 2．展览内容； 3．观展感受。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Dear Tom， I'm glad that you're interested in my recent visit to the Science and Technology exhibition and it's my pleasure to share my experience with you． The exhibition was hosted by the science museum in the center of the city last Sunday．Featuring various smart inventions such as driverless cars and smart-home devices，the exhibition gave visitors a glimpse into the life in the future．Especially impressive was a household robot that could interact with visitors in a remarkably considerate manner，which would make a perfect companion for the elderly． I'm pretty convinced that many of them will soon find their way into common households．Do you feel like paying a visit with me next time? Yours， Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 After a very meaningful conversation with my dad about the old days，we came up with an object that we both remembered clearly．It was my first bicycle．My mind told me I got it when I was seven，who was cheated to ride it for fifty yards alone the first time I tried! My dad put together all the small pieces of the bicycle from a beautiful material that he called，“Your own car．” Of course I knew he had some magical ability，but I didn't think he could make such an awesome object．He added the seat and the pedals (脚踏板) so that I would not have any problems．My dad recalled the bicycle was the smallest he could find while I remembered how huge it was．I was so afraid of it and there was no way that I was going to control that monster-sized material．The bicycle was left in my backyard as a decoration for a month because I refused to ride it．Honestly，I was scared to try it． After a month，my dad gave me a lecture to teach me what being a man was all about．I was finally determined to try it．My dad was proud of me and I felt very manly．He and I went to the park to see what we could do there．The park was empty when we arrived．I had no doubt that my dad told everybody not to be there because we had to use it．I felt sorry for other people，but I was proud to have such an capable person as my dad．We found a smooth and open space．My dad was holding the back part of the seat to make sure I didn't fall．He promised me that I was not going to fall because he would be running right behind，holding the bicycle． 注意：1．续写词数应为 150 左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 I started to pedal and the bicycle moved． ________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ I turned around and found my dad was not behind． _______________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] I started to pedal and the bicycle moved． As the wheels responded beautifully and smoothly，it was for the first time that I felt this sensation of freewheeling．Carefully steering the bicycle，I felt my heart thump as it accelerated．Attempting to behave manly，I sat straight，pedaling and wondering whether and when I could handle the bike on my own．Minutes ticked by before it hit me that my dad would be worn out after following me for such a long distance．“Dad，you could let go if you are tired，” I yelled．No response! I turned around and found my dad was not behind． My mind going blank，I was scared out of wits! I landed on the road and fell off the bike before I knew where the brakes were．Luckily，I only got some scratches on the knees and elbows．Minutes later，my dad caught up and congratulated me on my being manly for cycling 50 yards on my own．After a few more hours' practice I learnt how to pedal，steer，turn and brake properly．A little frightening as the experience was，I felt the joy of learning to do something independently and grateful for the meaningful memory with my father． 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $