Unit 3 Period 4 课时学案 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage)-【名师导航】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册教师用书word（译林版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦词汇用法、现在完成进行时语法及语篇应用三大核心知识点，系统梳理withdraw、equip、grateful等词汇的搭配与拓展，详解现在完成进行时的构成、用法及与现在完成时的区别，结合短文语境填空和针灸主题扩展阅读，搭建从基础语言知识到综合运用的学习支架。 该资料以“即学即练”强化语言能力，如词汇练习中通过完成句子巩固搭配，语法部分对比现在完成时与现在完成进行时培养思维品质。扩展阅读融入针灸文化，增强文化意识，如介绍针刺疗法历史与应用。课中辅助教师分层教学，课后助力学生通过语境练习和语篇分析查漏补缺，提升学习效率。

Period 4　 单元语法讲练(Grammar and usage) 1．withdraw vi．& vt．(withdrew，withdrawn)脱离(社会)，不与人交往；(使)撤回；(使)退出；停止提供 (1)withdraw from　　 　 退出，撤回 withdraw...from... 从……退出/取出…… (2)withdrawal n． 撤走，撤退，撤军；收回； 取回；不再参加；退出 (组织)；(从银行账户中) 提款，取款；脱瘾期；戒毒过程 the withdrawal of support 不再支持 (3)withdrawn adj． 沉默寡言的；怕羞的；内向的 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I have to withdraw some money from the bank before our money runs out． ②The charity says it wants a withdrawal (withdraw) of the comments． ③他所说的话使在场的每一个人都不高兴。因此，我要求他收回他说的话并道歉。 What he said made all the people present unhappy．So I asked him to withdraw his remarks and apologize． ④他告知他们自己要退出选举的决定。 He informed them of his decision to withdraw from the election． 2．equip vt．配备；使有能力 (1)equip... with... 　　 用……装备…… be equipped with 配备着…… equip... for sth．/to do sth． 为了……而装备…… (2)equipment n． 装备，设备，器材 a piece of equipment 一件装备 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Your training will equip you for your future job． ②They are going to equip the workshop with new machines in order to increase output． ③餐馆老板们必须给餐馆配备接纳残疾人的设施。 Owners of restaurants would have to equip them to admit disabled people． ④具备了必要的知识和技能后，这个年轻人满怀信心地去了就业市场。 Having equipped himself with necessary knowledge and skills，the young man went to the job market with much confidence． 3．grateful adj．感激的，表示感谢的 be grateful to sb．for (doing) sth． 　　　　　　 感激某人(做)某事 be grateful to do sth． 因做某事而感激 be grateful (that)... 感激…… I would be grateful if... 如果……我将不胜感激。 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I shall always be grateful to my former teacher for introducing me to the study of language． ②I'm grateful to have (have) your help． ③她感激他未将此事告诉她父母。 She was grateful that he didn't tell her parents about the incident． ④如果你能考虑我，我将不胜感激。 I would be grateful if you could give me a consideration． 现在完成进行时 一、构成 现在完成进行时由“have/has been＋doing”构成。 We have been waiting for you for half an hour． 我们一直等了你半个小时。 二、用法 1．表示动作或状态从过去某一时间开始一直持续到说这件事时，动作或状态刚刚结束或还有可能继续下去。这种时态常和all the time，this week，this month，all day，all the morning，these days，recently等时间状语连用，还常与since和for构成的时间状语连用。 The Chinese have been making paper for more than 2，000 years． 中国有2 000多年的造纸历史了。 2．表示一直到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作。 Where have you been? We have been looking for you everywhere． 你去什么地方了？我们到处在找你。 3．表示感情色彩。 He has always been studying hard． 他学习一直很刻苦。 [即时训练1]　单句语法填空 ①Maria has been learning/has learned (learn) English for two years and she does well in it． ②Tom has been working (work) in the library every night over the last three months． ③I have been living/have lived (live) in Hawaii for ten years． ④I have been looking (look) for you all the morning． ⑤All these years they have been contributing (contribute) articles to our magazine． 三、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别 1．现在完成时强调动作的完成，而现在完成进行时强调动作的延续或反复，因此，表示动作的完成，只能用现在完成时，不能用现在完成进行时。 I have written a book．(动作已经完成) 我已经写了一本书。 They have been building a bridge．(动作还将继续下去) 他们一直在建造一座桥。 2．现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身。 The repairman has been repairing the car all the afternoon． 一整个下午，这位修理工一直在修车。 The repairman has repaired your car，and you can have it now． 修理工已修好了你的车，现在你可以把它开走。 [名师点津]　有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时，这些动词有： 状态动词：be，have，exist 情感动词：like，love，hate 感官动词：see，hear，know，feel，sound 短暂性动词(短语)：finish，marry，get up，come，go等。 I have known him for years． 我认识他已经好几年了。 They have finished the work． 他们已经完成了这份工作。 [即时训练2]　单句语法填空 ①Sorry，I'm full．I have had (have) supper already． ②They have been married (marry) for almost 15 years． ③The little boy is dirty all over because he has been playing (play) in the mud all the morning． ④Here he is! We have been waiting (wait) anxiously for him since last night． ⑤Marty has been working (work) really hard on his book and he thinks he'll have it finished by Friday． ⑥They have known (know) each other since childhood． 短文语境填空 Tom is one of the most famous 1．singers (singer)people like．2．As a child，he showed a special sensitivity towards music．He released his first album in 2000．Since then he 3．has been releasing (release) albums，and his music has gained 4．recognition (recognize)throughout Asia．Tom changed the Asian music industry with his soulful lyrics and his melodies．As his fan，I 5．have been enjoying (enjoy)the music interpreted by him．For example，I 6．have been studying (study) at home since I was ill ten days ago．After lunch or supper during these days，I often listen to his songs for several minutes．I 7．have been looking (look) forward to Tom's next song 8．coming(come) out recently．Of course the day of school I 9．have been awaiting (await) is coming so I can see the teachers and students I 10．have been missing (miss) again． 第二篇课文(Extended reading) ①acupuncture n．针刺疗法 ②needle n．针；注射针；指针 ③long ago很久以前 ④as early as早在……时候 ⑤evidence n．证据，证明；物证，人证vt．证明，表明 ⑥date back to追溯到，始于，自……至今 ⑦be used to do sth．被用来做某事 ⑧be replaced by被……所取代 ⑨take the place of代替 ⑩solid adj．实心的；固体的；结实的；纯色的 ⑪be made of 由……制成 ⑫such as例如 ⑬the majority大多数 ⑭switch vi．& vt．转变；交换；调班n．开关，闸；转变，改变 switch to转变成 ⑮stainless adj．不生锈的 ⑯steel n．钢；钢铁工业 ⑰in addition to除……之外 ⑱over time久而久之；随着时间的过去 ⑲different kinds of 不同种类的 ⑳in shape在外形上 ㉑millimetre n．(AmE millimeter)毫米 ㉒in length在长度上 ㉓clinic n．私人诊所；门诊部；门诊时间 ㉔examine vt．检查，检验；审查，调查；考，测试；审问 ㉕tongue n．舌头；语言 ㉖pulse n．脉搏 vi．搏动，跳动；洋溢着 ㉗according to根据 ㉘wrist n．手腕，腕关节 ㉙be connected with与……有关；连接 ㉚organ n．器官；风琴；机构，机关 ㉛find out找出；弄明白 ㉜be pushed into被扎进 ㉝up to now到目前为止 ㉞more than多于，超过 ㉟(be) linked to与……连接 ㊱(be) affected by感染；受……的影响 ㊲over the years多年来 ㊳a wide variety of多种多样的 ㊴severe adj．十分严重的，极为恶劣的；严厉的；艰难的 ㊵anxiety n．焦虑；担心；渴望 ㊶be applied to被应用于 ㊷abuse vt．滥用；虐待；辱骂n．滥用；虐待；辱骂 ㊸alcohol n．酒精，酒 ㊹tobacco n．烟草 ㊺drug n．毒品；药物 ㊻phenomenon n．(pl．phenomena)现象 ㊼relate... to将……与……联系起来 ㊽substance n．物质；要点 ㊾a form of一种……的形式 ㊿spread to传到 be introduced to被介绍给…… around the 16th century在16世纪左右 be recognized as被认为是 symbol n．象征；符号，代号 widespread adj．分布广的，普遍的，广泛的 come into use开始被使用 Acupuncture①：magic needles② One of the most famous Chinese medical treatments is the art of “magic needles”，or Chinese acupuncture．It was developed long ago③，perhaps as early as④ 2000 BCE．There is evidence⑤ that acupuncture dates back to⑥ the Stone Age，when stone tools called bian were used to⑦ press areas of the body．[1] [1]that acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age...是同位语从句，对evidence的内容进行解释说明。同时，同位语从句中还包含一个when引导的定语从句。 As acupuncture developed，the simple bian stones were replaced by⑧ stone needles．Eventually，metal needles began to appear and took the place of⑨ stone needles．These solid⑩ needles are made of⑪ different metals，such as⑫ gold and silver．Some acupuncturists today still use gold and silver needles，but the majority⑬ have now switched⑭ to stainless⑮ steel⑯ ones．In addition to⑰ the changes in material，the shapes of the needles have also changed over time⑱．Originally，there were nine different kinds of⑲ needles，with variations in shape⑳．Nowadays，the fine sharp needles that measure usually between 15 and 75 millimetres㉑ in length㉒ are still used，while most of the others have been replaced by more complex medical instruments．[2] [2]that measure... in length是定语从句，修饰先行词needles。while most of the others...是while连接的并列分句，表示对比。 So what happens during a visit to the acupuncture clinic㉓？ First，the acupuncturist examines㉔ the patient，looking at the patient's skin and tongue㉕，listening to the sound of his or her voice and breathing，and smelling his or her breath．[3] Then the acupuncturist asks some questions about the patient's condition and feels his or her pulse㉖．This is a particularly important step according to㉗ the energy theory behind acupuncture．The acupuncturist can check the pulse in three positions on each wrist㉘，and every one of them is connected with㉙ a major body organ㉚．By checking all the positions，the acupuncturist can find out㉛ which energy channel does not have enough energy．[4] [3]此处三个并列的动词-ing形式短语作状语。 [4]By checking all the positions是介词短语作方式状语。which energy channel does not have enough energy是宾语从句。 According to the results of the check-up，the acupuncturist then selects certain points on the body called acupuncture points．Needles are pushed into㉜ the skin at these points so that a health problem can be treated．[5] Up to now㉝，more than㉞ 360 acupuncture points have been identified，each linked to㉟ a different part of the body．Sometimes the needles are pushed into points near the body part affected by㊱ a disease，and sometimes into points that are not so close to it．[6] [5]此处是so that引导的目的状语从句。 [6]affected by a disease是过去分词短语作定语，修饰the body part；that are not so close to it是定语从句，修饰先行词points。 Over the years㊲，acupuncture has been used to treat a wide variety of㊳ health problems，including severe㊴ pains，blood pressure issues，stomach discomfort，sports injuries and weight problems．And it has been used to treat more than just physical problems—acupuncturists have discovered that the treatment helps with mental problems like depression and anxiety㊵ too[7]．Acupuncture has also been applied to㊶ treat people who abuse㊷ alcohol㊸，tobacco㊹ or drugs㊺[8]． [7]此处是that引导的宾语从句。 [8]此处是who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词people。 How acupuncture actually works is not clearly understood．[9] For example，there are different theories trying to explain how it eases pain，but no agreement has been reached．One theory explaining this phenomenon㊻ suggests that acupuncture blocks pain signals from reaching the brain．Another theory relates acupuncture to㊼ the production of a substance㊽ in the body which can reduce pain． [9]此处是how引导的主语从句。主语从句作主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 Despite the uncertainty about its medical basis，acupuncture has become a popular form of㊾ treatment．As a unique contribution of traditional Chinese medicine，acupuncture spread to㊿ many other Asian countries，such as Japan，as early as the 6th century．It was introduced to the West around the 16th century．In 2010，acupuncture was included in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List．Today，acupuncture is recognized as a symbol of traditional Chinese culture and has come into widespread use around the world．The World Health Organization recommends acupuncture as a good treatment for over 100 medical problems．While doubts about its safety have gradually disappeared[10]，interest continues to grow． 针灸：神奇的针 最著名的中医疗法之一是“魔针”，即中国针灸。它是很久以前发明的，可能早在公元前2000年。有证据表明针刺疗法可追溯到石器时代，当时一种叫做“砭”的石器被用来按压身体部位。 随着针灸的发展，简单的砭石被石针所取代。最后，金属针开始出现，取代了石头针。这些坚固的针是由不同的金属制成的，比如金和银。今天，一些针灸师仍然使用金针和银针，但大多数已经改用不锈钢针。随着时间的推移，除了材料上的变化，针的形状也发生了变化。最初，有九种不同的针，形状各不相同。如今，长度通常在15到75毫米之间的细长的针仍然被使用，而其他大多数针已经被更复杂的医疗器械所取代。 那么，去针灸诊所的时候会发生什么呢？首先，针灸师检查病人，看病人的皮肤和舌头，听他或她的声音和呼吸，闻他或她的气息。然后针灸师问一些关于病人病情的问题，并摸他或她的脉搏。根据针灸背后的能量理论，这是一个特别重要的步骤。针灸师可以在每只手腕的三个位置上检查脉搏，每一个都与身体的一个主要器官相连。通过检查所有的位置，针灸师可以找出哪个能量通道没有足够的能量。 根据检查的结果，针灸师然后在身体上选择一些被称为穴位的点。针被扎入这些皮肤点，这样健康问题就可以得到治疗。到目前为止，已有360多个针刺穴位被确认，每个穴位对应身体的一个不同部位。有时把针扎进靠近被疾病感染的身体部位的地方，有时扎进离疾病不那么近的地方。 多年来，针灸已被用于治疗各种各样的健康问题，包括严重疼痛、血压问题、胃部不适、运动损伤和体重问题。而且，针灸不仅仅用于治疗身体问题——针灸师发现，这种疗法也有助于治疗抑郁症和焦虑症等精神问题。针刺疗法也被用于治疗酗酒、嗜烟、嗜毒的人群。 针灸究竟是如何起作用的还不清楚。例如，有不同的理论试图解释它如何减轻疼痛，但没有达成一致意见。一种解释这一现象的理论认为，针灸阻止了疼痛信号到达大脑。另一种理论将针灸与体内一种能减轻疼痛的物质的产生联系起来。 尽管其医学基础还不确定，但针灸已经成为一种流行的治疗方式。作为中医的独特贡献，针灸早在6世纪就传播到了许多其他亚洲国家，比如日本。它是在16世纪左右传入西方的。2010年，针灸被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。今天，针灸被认为是中国传统文化的象征，并在世界各地广泛使用。世界卫生组织推荐针灸治疗100多种医疗问题。虽然人们对其安全性的怀疑已经逐渐消失，但人们的兴趣仍在持续增长。 9 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $