Unit 6 Period 6 课时学案 写作(Writing)-【名师导航】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第二册教师用书word（外研版）

本讲义核心聚焦劝说信写作，系统构建“格式框架（开头点明话题观点、主体论证分析、结尾总结呼吁）—常用表达分类（开头、主体、结尾三类功能句型）—写作步骤（审题构思、遣词造句、句式升级、连句成篇）”的学习支架，结合世界勤俭日、合理安排时间等真实话题实例，形成从理论认知到实践输出的完整学习链条。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力（提供非限制性定语从句、倒装句等句式升级训练，如用which改写句子）、思维品质（引导分析校园浪费等现象培养问题解决能力）、学习能力（课后词汇语法练习助力查漏补缺）。通过“输入-内化-输出”教学法，课中辅助教师系统授课，课后学生可借助范文与练习巩固提升，如环保话题写作既强化表达又涵养社会责任感，全面提升英语综合素养。

Period 6　 写作(Writing) 写劝说信 本单元的写作任务是写劝说信。劝说信主要是用来劝说对方接受某一观点、想法或建议，介于建议信和倡议书之间。在格式上，它和其他信件一样。 一、基本框架 1．开头：话题、观点； 2．主体：说明、论证； 3．结尾：结论、总结。 二、常用表达 (一)开头 1．I am writing this letter to raise your awareness of air pollution． 我写信旨在提高你们对空气污染的意识。 2．I am writing to call on everyone to take physical exercise regularly． 我写信呼吁大家经常进行体育锻炼。 (二)主体 1．There is no doubt that food waste has become a serious problem on campus． 毫无疑问，食物浪费已经成为校园的严重问题。 2．Exercise can help us to protect us from diseases and build us up． 锻炼有助于我们远离疾病，强身健体。 3．By no means should you let phone games absorb you again and disappoint your parents． 你绝不该再沉迷于手机游戏并让你的父母失望。 4．The earth is home to every individual，and it's our duty to protect our environment． 地球是每个人的家园，保护环境是我们的责任。 5．Remember：The man who has made up his mind to win will never say “impossible”． 记住：决心要成功的人从来都不会说“不可能”。 (三)结尾 1．Let's make joint efforts to create a green and harmonious environment． 让我们共同努力，创造一个绿色和谐的环境。 2．In conclusion，we'd better do our part to protect the environment． 总之，我们最好尽力保护环境。 3．As far as I'm concerned，learning English by using it is better． 我认为，在使用中学习英语是较好的。 4．I hope you can consider my advice． 我希望你能考虑我的建议。 每年的10月31日是联合国确定的“世界勤俭日(World Thrift Day)”。假设你是李华，请针对校园内中学生花钱如流水、追求时髦以及一味追求高水平的物质生活等现象，写一封劝说信，鼓励同学们养成勤俭节约的好习惯。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：节俭的thrifty；花销expenditure Dear friends， As we know，World Thrift Day falls on October 31 every year．So this time I'd like to discuss thrift with you．__________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Best wishes． Yours faithfully， Li Hua [审题构思]　 [遣词造句] 1．近年来，中学生的开支急剧增加。 In recent years，the expenditure of middle school students has been on the sharp rise． 2．他们许多人花钱如流水，没有节俭的概念。 Many of them spend money like water and have no concept of thrift． 3．随着生活标准的提高，父母可以负担孩子更高的支出。 With the improvement of the living standards，parents can afford higher expenditure of their children． 4．一些学生喜欢追求时尚与潮流，这往往会需要更多的钱。 Some students like to pursue fashion and trends，and this tends to need more money． 5．学生应该学会节俭。 Students should learn to be thrifty． 6．我们应该限制日常生活中的花费。 We should limit our expenditure in our daily life． 7．只有这样我们才能形成正确的价值观。 We can form right values only in this way． [句式升级] 8．用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写句4 Some students like to pursue fashion and trends，which tends to need more money． 9．用倒装句改写句7 Only in this way can we form right values． [连句成篇](注意使用适当的衔接过渡词语) Dear friends， As we know，World Thrift Day falls on October 31 every year．So this time I'd like to discuss thrift with you．___________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Best wishes． Yours faithfully， Li Hua [参考范文] Dear friends， As we know，World Thrift Day falls on October 31 every year．So this time I'd like to discuss thrift with you．In recent years，the expenditure of middle school students has been on the sharp rise．Many of them spend money like water and have no concept of thrift．Nowadays，with the improvement of the living standards，parents can afford higher expenditure of their children．What's more，some students like to pursue fashion and trends，which tends to need more money． In a word，students should learn to be thrifty．We should limit our expenditure in our daily life．Only in this way can we form right values． Best wishes． Yours faithfully， Li Hua 假如你是国际高中学生李华，你的美国同学Mike花费了大量时间收集和阅读漫画书(comic books)。请给他写一封信，委婉地劝说他不要沉溺于漫画，要把宝贵的时间用于提升自己。内容包括： 1．沉溺于漫画的危害； 2．你的建议。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Dear Mike， ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua [参考范文] Dear Mike， I've noticed that you've been spending a lot of time collecting and reading comic books lately． Comics can indeed bring us endless joy and space for imagination，but they also take up a lot of your time． Some comics may contain some undesirable contents that are not good for your mental health．Overindulgence in comics may affect your social relationships． Therefore，I suggest you try to strike a balance between these conflicting hobbies and improve yourself by doing more meaningful activities． In addition，you can also try to develop some hobbies that benefit you like reading different kinds of books and doing sports，which can not only enrich your inner world but also improve your physical quality． I hope you can consider my advice．Hope my ideas will work． Yours， Li Hua 动作描写 ①scare v．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬 ②dive v．潜水 ③devote v．致力，献身，倾注 ④highlight v．使……突出，使注意力集中于 ⑤establish v．建立 ⑥affect v．影响 ⑦adopt v．采取 ⑧reduce v．减少 ⑨urge v．竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促 ⑩contribute v．促成，造成 自然环境描写 ①shark n．鲨鱼 ②extinction n．灭绝，绝种 ③ocean n．海洋 ④reserve n．(野生生物)保护区 ⑤drought n．干旱 ⑥flood n．洪水，水灾 ⑦carbon n．碳 ⑧greenhouse n．温室，暖房 ⑨solar adj．利用太阳光(能)的 ⑩smog n．烟雾，雾霾 第一步：完成句子雏形现 1．A few years ago，I joined a marine conservation project． The increasing rate of species extinction in the ocean was truly alarming． 几年前，我加入了一个海洋保护项目。海洋中物种灭绝的速度越来越快，这确实令人担忧。 2．We aimed to establish an ocean reserve to protect the marine ecosystem． 我们的目标是建立一个海洋保护区，以保护海洋生态系统。 3．We started by diving into the sea to conduct research． 我们从潜入海洋进行研究开始。 4．We saw many fish species disappearing under the water． It scared us． 我们在水下看到许多鱼类物种正在消失，这让我们感到害怕。 5．To address this issue，the local government adopted new measures to reduce pollution and overfishing． 为了解决这个问题，当地政府采取了新的措施来减少污染和过度捕捞。 6．Many scientists and volunteers，including me，devoted our time and energy to this job． 许多科学家和志愿者，包括我在内，将我们的时间和精力投入这项工作中。 7．We highlighted the importance of the ocean reserve through various media channels，and hoped to raise public awareness． 我们通过各种媒体渠道强调了海洋保护区的重要性，希望提高公众意识。 8．Our efforts contributed to a slow but steady improvement． The number of certain endangered species began to increase． 我们的努力为缓慢但稳步的改善做出了贡献。某些濒危物种的数量开始增加。 第二步：句式升级造亮点 9．把句4合并升级为含有非限制性定语从句的句子 We saw many fish species disappearing under the water，which scared us． 10．把句7合并升级为含有动词-ing形式作状语的句子 We highlighted the importance of the ocean reserve through various media channels，hoping to raise public awareness． 第三步：过渡衔接连成篇 A few years ago，I joined a marine conservation project． The increasing rate of species extinction in the ocean was truly alarming． We aimed to establish an ocean reserve to protect the marine ecosystem．We started by diving into the sea to conduct research． We saw many fish species disappearing under the water，which scared us． To address this issue，the local government adopted new measures to reduce pollution and overfishing． Many scientists and volunteers，including me，devoted our time and energy to this job． We highlighted the importance of the ocean reserve through various media channels，hoping to raise public awareness． Our efforts contributed to a slow but steady improvement． The number of certain endangered species began to increase． 课时提升作业(十八)　(Unit 6　Developing ideas & Writing) (建议用时：45分钟　总分：102.5分) Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 1．She removed (移走，搬走) the dishes from the table after the guests left． 2．The train travelled at an average (平均的) speed of 100 miles per hour． 3．A large amount(数量)of money is spent on the protection of the environment every year． 4．All new cars are now fitted with these safety devices (设备)． 5．Please decide whether the following statements are true or false (不正确的)． Ⅱ．词性转换(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 1．Concerned (concern) about his student，the teacher called the student's parents to find out why he was so often absent from classes． 2．The Nobel Prizes would be awarded to people who made great contributions (contribute) to the causes of peace，literature，and sciences． 3．The majority (major) of the people are for the plan． 4．The most urgent (urge)thing in a fire is to make sure everyone is out of the building． 5．Don't leave the light on — it wastes electricity(electric)． Ⅲ．短语填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 馗mistake...for，break down，take...into account，contribute to，reduce...to 1．It was foggy so I had to reduce the speed to forty kilometers an hour． 2．We must take every possibility into account before climbing the high mountain． 3．Medicine should be kept out of the reach of children in case they mistake pills for sweets． 4．While jokes are likely to contribute to a pleasant atmosphere，you have to be careful not to hurt others． 5．If you follow these steps，soon you will be able to break down the walls between your parents and you． Ⅳ．完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 1．声音在水中的传播速度是在空气中的四倍。 Sound travels four times faster in water than in air． 2．在他看来，出去吃饭比在家做饭更好。 In his opinion，it's better to eat out than cook at home． 3．是他的帮助让我消除了忧虑。 It was his help that made me remove my worry． 4．费用取决于你骑共享单车的时间。 The cost depends on how long you ride the sharing bike． 5．这本书值得一读。 It's worth reading the book． Ⅴ．补全短文(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) It is the small daily actions that make a difference in environmental protection． For example，using public transportation instead of driving a private car 1． contributes to reducing air pollution(有助于减少大气污染)． It is far better for the environment． We must also consider waste management． Recycling is a good way． 2． A large amount of waste (大量的垃圾)can be recycled and reused，which conserves natural resources． 3．It is our efforts that (是我们的努力) play a significant role． 4． The majority of people (大多数人)，when they start to 5． take into account the importance of environment (把环境的重要性考虑进去)，can bring about a significant change． Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A With greater climate catastrophes (气候灾难) on Earth，it is natural for us to make every effort to stop the potential floods，snowstorms，and take alarming reports from scientists seriously．For many of us (myself included)，part of that means running out to buy reusable straws，organic cleaners，and packaging-free products． However，before you are delighted at “green” purchases，take a second to consider the results of a new study from Arizona University．By comparing the shopping habits，mental health and environmental impact of young people，the researchers reconfirmed a principle：Buying less beats buying “green” stuff without effort．And that is true whether you are looking at the impact that your purchases have on the Earth or on your own happiness． It should not come as a shock that simply consuming less is better for the planet．After all，every new item a factory yields requires some resources to produce．Take plastic bag bans for instance．If your city is getting rid of single-use shopping bags，it can be attractive to pay for a fashionable organic cotton bag hanging in the check-out line of your local supermarket．However，experts insist that growing cotton is actually no better for the Earth than producing the conventional plastic bags．Then what is your best bet for carrying your groceries if you care about sustainability? Any bag you already own． It is not just the Earth that will be happier if you buy less．You will feel more contented too，according to the new study．“People believe that they might well be self-satisfied about becoming environmentally conscious through ‘green’ buying patterns，but it doesn't seem to be that way，” said the lead researcher Sabrina Helm．“Reduced consumption has effects on increased happiness，but we don't see that with ‘green’ consumption．” “Owning every new ‘green’ product on the market might make you feel contented，but if you relieve yourself of that burden of ownership，most people report feeling a lot better，” said Helm． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。亚利桑那大学的一项新研究结果表明，减少消费比所谓的“绿色消费”对地球更好，这会让人类得到更多。文章对此进行了介绍。 1．Why does the writer mention “green” shopping habits? A．To call on a green lifestyle． B．To present a half true “green” truth． C．To introduce a social trend． D．To praise people's green efforts． B　[推理判断题。根据第二段可知，通过比较年轻人的购物习惯、心理健康和环境影响，无论你是在看你的购买对地球的影响还是对你自己的幸福的影响，少买比买“绿色”东西好。由此可知，作者提到“绿色”购物习惯是为了呈现半真半假的“绿色”真相。故选B。] 2．What's the main idea of paragraph 3? A．Growing cotton is far worse for the Earth． B．Reduced consumption is better for the Earth． C．Using any bag you have is the best bet． D．The plastic bag bans are of no effect． B　[段落大意题。根据第三段中“It should not come as a shock that simply consuming less is better for the planet．”以及整段内容可知，第三段主要是讲减少消费对地球更好。故选B。] 3．What does the underlined word “contented” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．The sense of achievement． B．The sense of relief． C．The sense of happiness． D．The sense of security． C　[词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“It is not just the Earth that will be happier if you buy less．”和“Reduced consumption has effects on increased happiness”可知，此处是指减少消费可能会让你满足，所以contented意为“满足的”。故选C。] 4．What might be the best title for the text? A．Less Is More B．The Greener，the Happier C．Happiness Guarantee D．What Are Green Products? A　[标题归纳题。根据第二段和第三段“It should not come as a shock that simply consuming less is better for the planet．”可知，文章主要是讲减少消费比所谓的“绿色消费”对地球更好，这会让人类得到更多。故选A。] B Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago，but has brought new problems． One of the biggest is pollution． Pollution comes in many ways． We see it，smell it，drink it and even hear it． Men have been polluting the earth． Many years ago，the pollution was not so serious because there were not so many people． When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place，men moved to another place． Air pollution is now the most serious． Polluted air makes people sick． And lots of people now are trying to use something to clear the air． Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water． Noise pollution makes us become angry more easily． Many countries are making rules to fight air pollution． They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city，and from putting dirty smoke into the air． Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution． It is caused by heavy traffic． It is true that if there are fewer people driving，there will be less air pollution． Although most of the pollution is caused by us，we are the ones who can change the situation． The earth is our home． We must take care of it． And we must pay more attention to the information in pollution at the same time． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了现代生活中污染问题的严重性，包括空气污染、水污染和噪声污染等。同时呼吁人们更加关注污染问题，采取行动保护环境，因为地球是我们共同的家园，需要我们的呵护。 5．Why was the pollution in the past less serious? A．Because life in the past was easier． B．Because there were not so many people． C．Because men stayed in one place． D．Because people used less coal to make fire． B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Many years ago，the pollution was not so serious because there were not so many people．”可知，过去的污染不那么严重是因为没有那么多人。故选B项。] 6．According to the passage，which kind of pollution is the most serious? A．Air pollution．　 B．Noise pollution． C．Light pollution．　 D．Water pollution． A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Air pollution is now the most serious．”可知，空气污染现在是最严重的。故选A项。] 7．What do many countries do to fight air pollution? A．Try to use something to clear the air． B．Ask people to use public transport more． C．Stop putting dirty smoke into the air． D．Encourage people to move to another place． C　[细节理解题。根据第四段“Many countries are making rules to fight...and from putting dirty smoke into the air．”可知，许多国家通过制定政策，禁止人们向空气中排放脏烟来对抗空气污染。故选C项。] 8．What is probably the purpose of this passage? A．To prove life is much easier today． B．To call on us to take care of our earth． C．To show the danger of pollution． D．To introduce how to fight air pollution． B　[推理判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段可推知，作者先说明污染问题的严重性，最后呼吁我们要保护我们共同的地球，所以“To call on us to take care of our earth(呼吁我们爱护我们的地球)”是文章的目的。故选B项。] Ⅱ．应用文写作(满分15分) 假如你是李华，随着“世界地球日”即将来临，请你用英语写一份倡议书向你校英文报投稿，内容包括： 1．发出倡议的缘由； 2．如何保护地球； 3．号召大家一起行动。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：世界地球日World Earth Day Dear fellows， ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Li Hua [参考范文] Dear fellows， With pollution becoming so serious，the earth is in a bad condition． Besides，many animals and plants are in danger because of the destruction of their habitats． Luckily，we human beings can do a lot to improve the condition． Firstly，not only should we choose public transport instead of private vehicles，but we also need to apply energy-efficient equipment．Secondly，rubbish should be collected and recycled． Lastly，protect the habitats of wildlife． With World Earth Day approaching，I firmly advocate everyone to protect the planet we live on． Li Hua Ⅲ．读后续写(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A couple of years ago，I had the pleasure of teaching a young couple to dive in Thailand on one of my favorite reefs (礁)． The weather conditions were perfect，with mild currents and excellent sight of the beautiful ocean and the bright，vivid coral． Even with their masks on，I could see the smiles on my students' faces． The dive couldn't have gone better． However，things changed as we made our way back to the boat． As we swam back along the reef，I noticed the current (水流) changing as it did，huge quantities of trash and plastic began to flood the area ． I saw small reef fish swimming amongst the straws，plastic bags and other bits of rubbish． I noticed that some of the fish were pecking away (啄) at the plastic． By the time we got back on board the boat，there were bits of plastic floating all around us． It looked more like a trash site than the ocean． When I got home，the first thing I did was to go online and research plastic pollution in the ocean． I was surprised to find out that over the past decade，divers and beach lovers have seen a lot of changes in the oceans． Even very remote locations were suddenly filled with plastic and other chemicals． Plastics were entering our oceans at an alarming rate —up to 12 million tons each year． This huge amount of plastic was wreaking havoc (破坏) not only on the environment，but also on the marine animals that lived in the ocean，such as sea turtles and sea birds． Some of them were sadly mistaking the pieces of plastic for food． Pollution has brought our oceans to the point of disaster，and unless we make a great change，our oceans and all of its living things，will be at risk． Since that unforgettable plastic-polluted dive，I have become an ocean supporter and spend my days trying to get the message out there about just how harmful ocean pollution is，not only to marine life，but also to mankind． 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Then the idea came to me：I could appeal to my fellow divers to take action． ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ I decided to take it a step further to try and stop those companies producing single-use plastics．_________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Then the idea came to me:_I could appeal to my fellow divers to take action． I reached out to the local divers，who immediately started supporting me． The following months saw us collecting pieces of plastic that we saw floating past and putting them in the pocket of our diving suits．Happily，soon I could see the beach returning to its original beauty． However，I knew that these individual actions weren't enough to stop the plastic pollution crisis unless companies stopped producing so much plastic in the first place． I decided to take it a step further to try and stop those companies producing single-use plastics． I came up with a way． Whenever I found a piece of branded plastic waste in the ocean，on a river bank or the beach，I took a picture of it and posted it to social media，tagged the brand，and used the hashtag “Is This Yours？”． Luckily，since I started this approach，I have reached out to a dozen companies in this way and got more and more followers． We may be limited in what we can do，but I believe that a single spark can start a prairie fire． 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $