Unit 6 Period 3 课时学案 语言知识讲练(Understanding ideas)-【名师导航】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第二册教师用书word（外研版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦Understanding ideas板块语言知识讲练，围绕scare、due to、cut off等核心词汇短语及形容词作状语、部分否定等语法点，以教材原句为引入，通过单句语法填空、读后续写及应用文写作练习，构建从基础词汇到语法应用的递进式学习支架。 该资料特色在于融合语境教学与能力培养，结合鲨鱼保护等主题语境，通过阅读理解、补全短文等多样化任务提升语言能力，借助词汇辨析、语法结构分析培养思维品质。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后通过词性转换、短语填空等分层练习帮助学生查漏补缺，强化学习能力。

Period 3　 语言知识讲练(Understanding ideas) 1．(教材原句)People have always been scared of sharks，but Jaws made things worse． *scare v．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬 n．恐慌，惊吓(scared adj．害怕的，恐惧的；scary adj．可怕的，吓人的) (1)scare...away/off　 把……吓跑 scare...to death　 把……吓得要命 scare sb．into doing sth．　 　 威胁/恐吓某人做某事 scare sb．out of one's mind/skin 　 把某人吓得魂不附体 (2)be scared of　 害怕 be scared to do sth．　 　 害怕做某事 单句语法填空/单句写作 ①The researchers had to make a fire at the edge of the forest to scare away/off wild animals at night． ②She was scared to go(go)to the beach because she had seen crocodiles there． ③We wandered in the scary(scare)forest and didn't know what horrible things would happen to us，hoping to find the way back． ④(读后续写之心理描写)他们威胁他交出钥匙。 They scared him into handing over the keys． 2．(教材原句)This was not only due to fear of sharks，but also finning． *due to 由于，因为(due adj．预期；预定；应归于；应支付) be due to sb．　 应归于某人；应支付某人 be due to do sth．　 　 预期做某事，预定要做某事 单句语法填空/单句写作 ①The bus was due to arrive(arrive) at 5 p．m．，but it arrived one hour late due to the heavy fog． ②一个队的成功在很大程度上是由于合作和努力。 A team's success is largely due to cooperation and efforts． ③(读后续写之心理描写)令我高兴的是，昨天他们把应付给我的那笔钱给我了。 To my joy，they paid me the money due to me yesterday． 3．(教材原句)Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off． *cut...off 切掉，砍掉；切断，中断(供给)；使……与外界隔绝 cut down　 砍倒；减少，削减 cut in　 插嘴；超车抢道；让(某人)分享利润 cut out　 裁剪；突然熄火 cut up　 切碎；剁碎；打伤 cut through　 开辟(出路或通道)；走近路 单句语法填空/单句写作 ①My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking，but at least he has cut down． ②It is impolite for children to cut in when their seniors are talking． ③Let's cut up the chicken and make some soup． ④(读后续写之心理描写)当孩子们住得离他们很远时，这些老人感到与这个世界隔绝了。 When their children lived very far away from them，the old people felt cut off from the world． 4．(教材原句)Fortunately，not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks—some became interested in understanding them． *fortunately adv．幸运地(fortunate adj．幸运的；fortune n．运气；命运；财富；unfortunate adj．不幸的；unfortunately adv．不幸地；misfortune n．厄运) (1)be fortunate to do sth．　 有幸做某事 (2)make a fortune　 发大财 单句语法填空/单句写作 ①It is said that the old man made a fortune abroad by collecting old things． ②We have to depend on our original plan if unfortunately(fortunately)this one doesn't work out． ③He would laugh the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone's misfortune (fortune)． ④(应用文写作之演讲稿)我很幸运能在这儿做关于怎样保护地球的演讲。 I am fortunate to give a speech here about how to protect the earth． 5．(教材原句)Complete the chart showing how attitudes towards sharks have changed with words and expressions from the passage． *attitude n．(尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法，态度；姿势，姿态 attitude to/towards...　 对……的态度/看法 have/take a positive/negative attitude to/towards... 　 对……持肯定/否定的态度 take/adopt a(n)...attitude　 采取……的态度 in a(n)...attitude　 以……的姿势 单句语法填空/单句写作 ①What is your attitude towards/to senior high students taking up a part-time job? ②He sat in an attitude which to anyone else would have been one of extreme discomfort． ③(应用文写作之建议信)只有当你对生活持积极的态度时，你才会快乐地生活。 Only when you have/take a positive attitude to/towards life can you live happily． 词汇 1．target v．把……作为目标 2．extinction n．灭绝，绝种 微练 1．这个课程是针对6岁的孩子。 The course is targeted at 6-year-old children． 2．许多濒危物种现在面临灭绝，因此我们必须采取措施拯救它们。 Many endangered species now face extinction，so we must take measures to save them． 1．(教材原句)Some people stopped swimming in the sea，afraid of the horrible creature from the film． *形容词(短语)作状语 形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。 单句语法填空/单句写作 ①To our relief，the missing child returned home ten days later，tired but healthy(health)． ②Surprised(surprise)and happy，Tony stood up and accepted the prize． ③(读后续写之心理、动作描写)他无法控制自己的愤怒，怒气冲冲地从房间里出来，把门砰地关上，离开了。 Unable to contain his anger，he stormed out of the room，slamming the door as he left． 2．(教材原句)Fortunately，not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks—some became interested in understanding them． *部分否定 (1)英语中的every，everyone，everybody，everything，all，both，always，whole，entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。 (2)英语中的no，none，never，nobody，nothing，neither，no one，nowhere等表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。 单句语法填空/单句写作 ①While online shopping has changed our life，not all of its effects have been positive． ②Not both of my parents are in favour of my idea of travelling around the world． ③As a matter of fact，none of us can live alone in society． ④(应用文写作之观点态度)不是每个人都赞成坐公共汽车去那里。有些人建议坐火车，还有一些人认为坐飞机更好。 Not everyone was for going there by bus．Some suggested taking a train and a few thought it better to go by plane． 课时提升作业(十六)　(Unit 6　Understanding ideas) (建议用时：45分钟　总分：90分) Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 1．The man dived(潜水) into the deep water and surfaced five minutes later． 2．The advertisement is targeted(把……作为目标)on the old and it is a great success． 3．He is an easy-going，friendly young man with a casual attitude(态度) towards other things． 4．We want people to discover that sharks(鲨鱼) are amazing animals that need our protection． 5．No sound and voice was heard at that moment．The silence in the dark nearly scared(使惊恐)me to death． Ⅱ．词性转换(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 1．Fortunately(fortune)，the fire was discovered soon after it had started． 2．Many species are in danger of extinction(extinct) because of the destruction of their natural habitat． 3．The organization's aim is to strengthen(strength) the cultural connection between Britain and Germany． 4．When the policeman stopped us，we all looked questioningly at him，nervous and frightened(frighten)． 5． These endangered(danger) species should be protected． Ⅲ．短语填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 馗rather than，cut off，the other way round，due to，come across 1．The water supply was cut off several days ago in the city． 2．The sports meet was put off due to heavy snow． 3．When you come across new words you don't know while reading，you can look them up in the dictionary． 4．I think you'd call it a lecture rather than a talk． 5．You should put the knife in this way not the other way round． Ⅳ．完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 1．我路过的时候看到我的妹妹正在她的房间里学习。(动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语) I saw my sister studying in her room when I passed by． 2． 这就是我曾经学习了三年的那所学校。(where引导定语从句) This is the school where I studied for three years． 3．又累又饿，他们冲进店里，喝茶，吃饼干，好好休息了一下。(形容词短语作状语) Tired and hungry，they rushed into the shop and drank tea，ate biscuits and had a good rest． 4．我们都知道这个古老的谚语，但并非每个人都能理解它。(部分否定) We all know the old proverb，but not everyone understands it． 5． 专家已经证明了这种食物有害健康。(prove＋宾语从句) Experts have proved that the food is harmful to health． Ⅴ．补全短文(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 1．Due to (由于)the joint efforts of conservationists and the public，many species are now protected 2．rather than endangered (不是濒危的)． We do not always see the direct results of these conservation actions，but they are happening． The habitats of these animals are being protected，their populations are being carefully monitored and managed．3．Fortunately (幸运的是)，extinction is becoming a less likely fate for many of them．The beautiful forests and plains that 4．are home to these creatures (是这些动物的家园) are being preserved．We 5．see some reserves built (看到一些保护区被建起来) for some animals． Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A On a sunny morning in 2001，Jim，a skilled diver and ocean lover，was diving as usual around Palm Beach in the Bahamas when he spotted a giant tiger shark circling a few feet away． The shark，which he later named Emma，was clearly struggling in pain． Seeing Jim，Emma swam close to him seemingly quite on purpose． With great fear and curiosity，Jim checked and found a fishing hook in Emma's mouth． Despite the obvious risks，he managed to pull the hook out，careful not to cause any further injury to the animal． Jim has since removed four other hooks from Emma's mouth on several occasions and sometimes freed her from fishing lines or plastic bags． The two have become inseparable． Every time Jim goes into the water in the area of Palm Beach，Emma comes around and rubs her head against him as a sign of affection (喜爱)． It's not the kind of behavior most people would expect from tiger sharks，which could easily tear a person apart． “When you suddenly come across a huge shark，it seems like it might end your life，” Jim said． “What makes Emma so special is that she's so loving and affectionate． She's not a mindless killer but a sentient (有感情的) animal just like cats and dogs．” Emma will always recognize Jim every time he dives in her area even if he changes diving equipment． Over time，she has learned his hand signals — an invitation to get her head rubbed and Jim claims that she started acting like a playful dog who loves being petted． “Trying to describe what it's like really makes me believe that the English language isn't good enough，” Jim said． “To have a connection that lasts the entire time you're in the water is so moving and so influential． One of the best things that have happened to me is the discovery of the affectionate aspect of this tiger shark．” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了潜水员Jim与一只名为Emma的虎鲨之间的特殊友谊。 1．What might be the reason why Emma approached Jim initially? A．To greet him． B．To seek assistance． C．To ask for food． D．To make friends with him． B　[推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Seeing Jim...Jim checked and found a fishing hook in Emma's mouth． ”可知，Emma靠近Jim是为了寻求帮助。故选B。] 2．What makes Emma unique according to Jim? A．Her enormous body． B．Her feeding ability． C．Her high research value． D．Her pet-like character． D　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“What makes Emma so special...a sentient animal just like cats and dogs．”可知，Jim认为Emma的特别之处在于她像宠物一样的性格。故选D。 ] 3．What can we learn from the text? A．Emma can read Jim's sign language． B．Emma has never attacked human beings． C．Jim once saved Emma from a deadly disease． D．Jim has removed four hooks from Emma's mouth． A　[细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“Over time...playful dog who loves being petted． ”可知，Emma能懂得Jim的手语。故选A。] 4．Which can be the best title for the text? A．A Diver and His Odd Friend B．An Exciting Diving Experience C．Jim：A Person Devoted to Ocean Protection D．Palm Beach：An Ideal Base for Shark Watching A　[标题归纳题。文章讲述了潜水员Jim和虎鲨Emma之间的特殊友谊，因此“A Diver and His Odd Friend (一个潜水员和他的奇怪朋友)”是最佳标题。故选A。] B When Ariel Rojas rode her bike to Bay Wildlife Refuge in Queens，New York，last November，she planned to go hiking and birdwatching．A mile into her walk，she suddenly spotted a beautiful swan struggling near the water's edge．Ariel，30，who had worked at the Wild Bird Recovery Center in Manhattan，knew that swans were likely to view her as a predator and attack her but as she approached this one，it didn't move． She was certain that the bird needed medical attention，so she covered her jacket over the bird's head to keep it calm，gently picked it up but then a thought struck her：What should I do next? The nearest Wild Bird Recovery Center was across the East River and on the other side of town．How was she going to carry a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way? Luckily，some strangers driving by offered her，her bike，and the swan a lift to a nearby subway station．On the subway，no one seemed to be particularly bothered by the feathered passenger．“One guy，” said Ariel，“was sitting right in front of me on his phone．I don't know if he even noticed there was a swan in front of him．” Ariel called the center on the way，and Tristan Higgin，an animal-care manager，picked her up at the subway station and drove the bird，her bike，and Ariel to the facility．There，staff members determined that the swan might have heavy metal poisoning，caused by taking in weights used on fishing lines．The staff got the swan back up on her feet． She even made friends at the center—another injured swan．Sadly，even with all that loving care，the swan didn't pick up．Two months after Ariel came to her aid，she passed away．It's a disappointing ending，but the real story is just how far some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city．In all，Ariel traveled two hours on foot，by car，and by subway while dragging her bike． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ariel Rojas营救一只受伤天鹅的故事。 5．What does the underlined word “predator” in paragraph 1 mean? A．A potential volunteer B．A likely audience． C．A potential killer． D．A likely helper． C　[词义猜测题。画线词后文“and attack her but as she approached this one，it didn't move”说明正常情况下天鹅会把她当成可能的敌人而攻击她，但是当作者靠近它时，它没有动，从而推知天鹅很可能会把她视为“可能的敌人”，C项“潜在的杀手”与之最为接近。故选C项。] 6．According to the passage，which of the following statements is true? A．It was easy for Ariel to carry the little swan． B．The swan ran into her way and was hit． C．Ariel sent the swan to the center all by herself． D．The swan was kindly and lovingly treated． D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“How was she going to carry a 17-pound swan...to a nearby subway station．”可知，天鹅很重，不容易搬运，并且，一路上不是她独自把天鹅送去野生动物康复中心的，故排除A、C两项；根据第一段中“she suddenly spotted a beautiful swan struggling near the water's edge”排除B项；根据最后一段中“Sadly，even with all that loving care，the swan didn't pick up．”等内容可知，这只天鹅受到了热情体贴的治疗。故选D项。] 7．Which of the following can best describe Ariel? A．Kind-hearted and imaginative． B．Caring and helpful． C．Strong-minded and energetic． D．Positive and creative． B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，Ariel为了救助天鹅，不辞劳苦，从而推知，她是个有爱心且乐意施助的人。故选B项。] 8．What may be the best title for the passage? A．A Poor Swan B．A Volunteer Loving and Saving Birds C．An Act of Love to Save a Swan D．A Poor Swan Surrounded with Love C　[标题归纳题。根据第二段中的“Luckily，some strangers driving by offered her，her bike，and the swan a lift to a nearby subway station．”和最后一段最后两句可知，文章讲述了Ariel Rojas在骑行时发现了一只需要救助的天鹅。最终在陌生司机等人的不断帮助下，她成功将天鹅送到了康复中心。这个故事展示了人们为拯救野生动物所付出的努力，C项“挽救天鹅的爱的行动”最适合作为文章标题。故选C项。] Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) Solutions to Climate Change There are personal lifestyle changes that you can make and that，to some extent，can help reduce your carbon impact．Not all are right for everybody．But applying just a few of them could make a difference． Move closer to work Transportation is one of the leading sources of greenhouse gas emissions．　1　． One way to dramatically cut transportation fuel needs is to move closer to work，use mass transportation，or switch to walking，cycling or some other modes of transport that does not require anything other than human energy． Consume less 　2　． Whether by quitting an automobile or employing a reusable grocery sack，cutting back on consumption results in fewer fossil fuels being burned to extract，produce and ship products around the globe． 　3　 A potentially simpler and even bigger effect can be produced by doing more with less．Citizens of many developed countries are energy-wasters，whether by speeding in a gas-wasting vehicle or leaving the lights on when not in a room．Similarly，employing more efficient refrigerators，air conditioners and other appliances can cut electricity bills．　4　．You can turn the lights or your computers off when you leave the office． Stop cutting down trees When purchasing wood products，such as furniture or flooring，buy used goods or，failing that，wood proved officially to have been sustainably harvested．The Amazon rainforest and other forests are more than the lungs of the earth．　5　． A．Be energy efficient B．Use few electrical appliances C．But it doesn't have to be that way D．Such efforts can also be usefully employed at work E．They may also be humans' short-term hope for limiting climate change F．The easiest way to cut back on greenhouse gas emissions is simply to buy less stuff G．Citizens spend more money on electricity to power devices when they're off than when they're on 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种可以减少碳足迹的日常生活方式。 1．C　[根据上一句“交通运输是温室气体排放的主要来源之一”及下一句可知，有很多方法可以减少交通运输，交通运输造成温室气体排放的问题是可以控制的。C项“但不一定要那样”承上启下，符合语境。] 2．F　[根据本段小标题Consume less可知，本段介绍第二个减少碳足迹的方法：减少购买。F项“减少温室气体排放的最简单的方法是少买东西”与标题及本段内容一致。] 3．A　[根据下文可知，本段的内容是通过使用高效能的电器减少电的浪费。A项“能源高效”能概括下文。] 4．D　[根据下一句“你可以在离开办公室时关灯或关闭电脑”可知，D项“在工作中也可以想方设法减少耗电量”符合语境。] 5．E　[根据上一句“亚马孙雨林和其他森林不仅仅是地球的肺”可知，树木对人类很重要。E项“它们也可能是人类为了限制气候变化的短期希望”说明树木有助于控制气候变化，与上文内容一致。上一句中的“more than”和E项中的“also”呼应。] Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) Humanity's ongoing destruction of wildlife will lead to a shrinking(萎缩) of nature，with the average body size of animals 1．________(fall) by a quarter，a study predicts． The researchers estimate that more than 1，000 larger kinds of animals will die out in the next century．They say this could lead to the collapse(崩溃) of ecosystems 2．________ are important for humans to get food and clean water． Humans 3．________(destroy) most large animals from all inhabited(有人居住的) continents apart from Africa over the last 125，000 years．This destruction will speed up 4．________(rapid) in the coming years，according to the 5．________(late) research． Animal populations have fallen by 60% since 1970，suggesting a sixth mass 6．________(extinct) of life on Earth is under way caused by the ruining of wild areas，hunting and farming．This month scientists said that human society was 7．________ danger from the drop of the Earth's natural life-support systems，with half of natural ecosystems now destroyed and 8．________ total of a million species at risk of dying out． The future disappearance can be avoided if complete action is taken 9．________(protect) wildlife habitats，and the scientists say the new work can help focus efforts on key 10．________(animal)． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。一项研究预测人类对野生动物的持续破坏将导致大自然的萎缩，动物的平均体型将下降四分之一，并说明了采取行动保护野生动物栖息地的重要性。 1．falling　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，这里是 with的复合结构，size与fall之间为主动关系，因此使用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。] 2．that/which　[考查定语从句。先行词是ecosystems，关系词在从句中作主语，因此用that/which引导定语从句。] 3．have destroyed　[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由时间状语“over the last 125，000 years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语为Humans，助动词用复数。] 4．rapidly　[考查词性转换。空处修饰动词短语“speed up”，应用副词作状语。故填rapidly。] 5．latest　[考查形容词最高级。此处表示“最新的”，用最高级 latest。] 6．extinction　[考查词性转换。分析句子可知，形容词mass作定语，修饰名词，故填extinction。] 7．in　[考查介词。in danger “处于危险之中”。] 8．a　[考查冠词。a total of“共计”。] 9．to protect　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句中有谓语“is taken”，因此此处用非谓语动词，作目的状语常用动词不定式。故填to protect。] 10．animals　[考查名词复数。分析句子可知，这里表示泛指所有最重要的动物，因此使用名词复数形式。故填animals。] 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $