Unit 6 Period 5 课时练案 课文整体教学(Developing ideas)-【名师导航】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教师用书word（外研版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦“人类对宇宙的探索历程及望远镜技术发展”核心知识点，系统梳理从古代肉眼观测星空到现代FAST望远镜应用的认知脉络，通过文章大意归纳、篇章结构分析、词汇语法（一词多义、长难句）及写作佳句积累等学习支架，帮助学生构建知识网络。 该资料特色鲜明，通过时间顺序梳理篇章结构培养逻辑思维（思维品质），结合“angle”等一词多义讲解提升语言运用能力（语言能力），设计“分享望远镜使用经历”等开放性问题促进主动探究（学习能力）。课中助力互动教学，课后辅助词汇语法巩固与写作提升，有效弥补知识盲点。

Period 5　 课文整体教学(Developing ideas) Ⅰ．文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A．Ancient people's knowledge about space is limited． B．Humans will conquer the universe in the near future． C．The universe is far larger than people once imagined． D．People will know more about the universe with larger telescopes． [答案]　D Ⅱ．篇章结构 1．How did people in ancient times mainly explore the night sky? A．With the naked eye． B．Through advanced telescopes． C．By writing imaginative novels． D．Through the bronze statues． 2．What dramatically changed our power to investigate and understand space? A．The development of technology． B．The invention of the first telescope． C．The application of the Internet． D．A better understanding of space． 3．What is special about the FAST telescope? A．It is the most powerful radio telescope in China． B．It has the ability to explore regions of space billions of light years away． C．It is angled at the edge of the visible universe． D．It is composed of subatomic particles． 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．There is no need to explore the early universe． B．We humans have explored the universe for the most part． C．We have seen stars and galaxies billions of light years away． D．Larger radio telescopes will do more to help us explore the universe． 5．How does the author develop the passage? A．By the order of time． B．By the order of space． C．By giving examples．　 D．By listing numbers． [答案]　1－5　ABBDA 1．Why do you think people have always been interested in the stars? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 2．Have you ever used a telescope? Share your experience with the class． _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ [答案]　略 Ⅰ．一词多义/熟词生义 1．angle v．斜置 n．角；角度；观点；立场 ①(教材原句)Our power to investigate and thus understand space changed dramatically when the first telescope was angled at the night sky．．． v．斜置 ②The photo was taken from an unusual angle． n．角度 ③We need a new angle for our next advertising campaign． n．观点 2．fetch v．(去)拿来；卖得，售得(某价) ①(教材原句)A vacuum cleaner also comes in handy for fetching items that are floating around out-of-reach！ 拿来 ②The painting is expected to fetch between two and three million dollars． 卖得，售得(某价) 3．straightforward adj．简单的；易懂的；坦率的 ①(教材原句) In space，even the most straightforward，everyday tasks can be quite difficult for astronauts who are spending months on board a spacecraft． 简单的 ②Many sports fans appreciate her straightforward character and attitude towards competition． 坦率的 4．She is the kind of person who is plain and invisible． adj．被忽视的；不为人注意的 5．The stars will use their muscle to make the campaign a success． n．影响力 6．To find the statue in the ruins，they had an awesome task ahead．adj．很困难的 Ⅱ．词块积累 1．the night sky 夜空 2．look across great distances into the stars 看到遥远的星空 3．people in ancient times 古时的人们 4．be angled at 对准 5．work out 算出；理解；制定出；解决；锻炼身体 6．discover the incredible fact 发现了惊人的事实 7．advanced telescopes 先进的望远镜 8．in the search for 寻找 9．have the ability to do 有能力做…… 10．see further and further into space 看见更加遥远的太空 11．remain unexplored 仍未被勘探的 12．this incredible journey of discovery 这次奇幻的发现之旅 Ⅲ．写作佳句 1．The night sky has been an endless source of fascination since the start of human history． 从人类有史以来，夜空就一直是让人浮想联翩的不竭源头。 2．In reality，humans can see very little of the night sky with the naked eye． 事实上，人类仅凭肉眼只能看到夜空很小的一部分。 3．Not knowing what the stars were，people in ancient times used their imaginations to create a world in the sky． 古时的人们并不知道星星到底是什么，所以他们便凭着想象去创造了一个空中世界。 4．So much of the universe remains unexplored that we are still close to the start of this incredible journey of discovery． 宇宙还有很多的未知领域，我们才刚刚接近这段奇幻发现之旅的起点。 Ⅳ．长难语句 1．Our power to investigate and thus understand space changed dramatically when the first telescope was angled at the night sky，increasing as it did the power of the human eye and enabling us to understand that the universe is far larger than was previously imaginable． [分析]　本句是复合句。to investigate and thus understand space为不定式短语作后置定语，修饰power；when the first telescope was angled at the night sky为时间状语从句；由and连接的两个动词-ing形式短语increasing．．．和enabling us．．．作结果状语，其中包含as引导的方式状语从句和that引导的宾语从句。 [翻译]　当第一台望远镜对准夜空时，我们探索进而理解太空的能力就发生了巨大变化，它不仅增强了人类肉眼观测的能力，而且也让我们明白宇宙要比之前想象的大得多。 2．Some 300 years later，we learnt that the Milky Way itself was just one galaxy among billions of others，spread across the blackness of space like great islands of light and matter floating in a vast cosmic ocean． [分析]　本句是复合句。that引导宾语从句，spread across．．．为过去分词短语作状语，floating in a vast cosmic ocean为动词-ing形式短语作后置定语，修饰great islands of light and matter。 [翻译]　大约300年后，我们又得知，银河系只是数十亿个散落在黑色太空中的星系之一，就像漂浮在宇宙汪洋中的一座光与物质组成的大型岛屿。 3．The 500-metre dish of the “Eye of Heaven”，as it is known，is being used in the search for dark matter，thought to be composed of subatomic particles invisible to ordinary telescopes． [分析]　本句是复合句。 as it is known 为as引导的状语从句；thought to be composed of subatomic particles invisible to ordinary telescopes为过去分词短语作后置定语，invisible to ordinary telescopes为形容词短语作定语修饰名词 subatomic particles。 [翻译] 　这个被称为“天眼”的500米口径巨盘用于探寻暗物质。暗物质被认为由亚原子粒子组成，一般望远镜是观测不到的。 Ⅴ．课文语法填空 Not knowing 1．what the stars were，people in ancient times used their imaginations to create 2．a world in the sky．When the first telescope 3．was angled (angle) at the night sky，we learnt the Sun was just one star 4．among billions in the galaxy we call the Milky Way．The Milky Way 5．itself (it) was just one galaxy among billions of others．Later，the Hubble Space Telescope gave us the first 6．breathtakingly (breathtaking) beautiful images of our universe．It has helped us to work out the age and nature of the universe，and discover the universe is expanding．Currently，China uses the FAST telescope 7．to search (search) for dark matter and explore 8．regions (region) of space billions of light years away．The space telescopes will allow us to see further and further into space．9．Using (use) radio telescopes，we will one day be able to look back to a time in the very early universe．However，so much of the universe remains unexplored that we are still close to the start of this 10．incredible (credible) journey of discovery． 1．(教材原句)Not only that—it has also helped us to work out the age and nature of the universe，and discover the incredible fact that the universe is expanding at an ever-increasing speed． *work out计算出；理解；成功地发展；锻炼身体；制订 (1)work as 从事某种职业；充当 work at/on 做……；致力于 (2)at work 在工作；在运转 off work 休班；下班 in work 有工作；在职 out of work 失业 一词多义/单句语法填空/单句写作 ①Researchers need several months to work out a plan for long-term development． 制订 ②Though staying indoors，he still manages to work out for an hour or so every day．锻炼身体 ③I have decided that I will do everything in my power to work as a qualified volunteer． ④Scientists are still working on/at inventing methods of studying cosmic rays． ⑤Tom caught a bad cold and had to be off work for a week． ⑥尽管那是一段艰难的时期，每个人的生活都很紧张，但伯纳德的生意很成功。 Although it was a hard time and things were tight for everybody，Bernard's business worked out quite well． 2．(教材原句)To see even further into the universe，many countries are now engaged in building ever more advanced telescopes． *be engaged in忙于，从事，参与[engage v．参加；参与(活动)；雇用；聘请engaged adj．忙于；从事于；已订婚的engagement n．订婚；约会] (1)engage sb．in sth．　　 (使)从事；参加 engage sb．to do sth． 聘请某人做某事 (2)be engaged to 与……订婚 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①She tried desperately to engage him in conversation． ②Last year，he was engaged to the daughter of one of his father's friends． ③Whether for a special occasion such as an engagement (engage) or a wedding or simply as a gift，diamond rings make the ideal choice． ④一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。 a．A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than those who are not．(engaged) b．A study shows the students who participate in after-school activities are happier than those who are not．(participate) 3．(教材原句)The 500-metre dish of the “Eye of Heaven”，as it is known，is being used in the search for dark matter，thought to be composed of subatomic particles invisible to ordinary telescopes． *be composed of由……组成(compose v．作曲；创作；组成，构成；使平静composer n．作曲家composition n．组成，构成；创作；作曲；作文；作品) (1)be composed of＝consist of＝be made up of 由……组成 make up 组成，形成 (3)compose oneself 使自己镇定下来 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①The company which is composed (compose) of 5 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis． ②Chinese and US artists played The Yellow River Piano Concerto，one of the masterpieces of Chinese composer (compose) Xian Xinghai． ③At music school I learnt the piano and composition (compose)． ④Please compose yourself(you)；there is no need to get excited! ⑤这个音乐节由两部分组成，将使我们更加了解中国民间音乐。 a．The music festival，composed of/made up of two parts，will enable us to know more about Chinese folk music．(过去分词短语作定语) b．The music festival，consisting of two parts，will enable us to know more about Chinese folk music．(动词-ing形式短语作定语) (教材原句)The more we know，the more we feel our ignorance；the more we feel how much remains unknown． *the＋比较级，the＋比较级 (1)“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”句式，表示“越……就越……”。本教材原句中第一个表示条件，后两个表示结果；“the more．．．the more．．．”句式中，若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时，从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时表示将来。 (2)“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……”，表示本身程度的变化。 单句语法填空/单句写作 ①This is important because the more you speak English，the better(good) your English will become． ②The harder you work，the greater progress you will make． ③这就是奇迹：我们与人分享的越多，我们拥有的就越多。 The miracle is this：the more we share，the more we have． ④现在，在学校里课外活动正变得越来越普及。 Nowadays，after-class activities are becoming more and more popular in school． 　　　　　　　　　　　 ①source of fascination 魅力源泉 ②archeological adj．考古学的；考古的 ③in reality 事实上，实际上 ④the naked eye 肉眼 ⑤investigate v．调查；研究 ⑥dramatically adv．巨大地；戏剧性地 ⑦telescope n．望远镜 ⑧angle v．斜置 ⑨galaxy n．星系 ⑩the Milky Way 银河系 ⑪cosmic adj．宇宙的 ⑫launch v．发射 ⑬breathtakingly adv．惊人地；令人赞叹地 ⑭image n．形象；影像；图像 ⑮conceivably adv．可以相信地；可想象地 ⑯at an ever-increasing speed 以不断增加的速度 ⑰be engaged in从事于；忙于 ⑱advanced telescope 先进的望远镜 ⑲be composed of 由……组成/构成 ⑳subatomic particle 亚原子粒子 subatomic adj．亚原子的；原子内的 particle n．粒子 ㉑invisible adj．看不见的 ㉒construct v．建造；创建 ㉓quest for 探求；探索 EYES UPON THE NIGHT The night sky has been an endless source of fascination① since the start of human history．For example，the mysterious large-eyed，bronze statues of the ancient Shu Kingdom，discovered at the Chinese archeological② site at Sanxingdui，were believed to have been able to look across great distances into the stars．In reality③，humans can see very little of the night sky with the naked eye④．And，for a long while，people were unable to understand what they could see．[1] Not knowing what the stars were，people in ancient times used their imaginations to create a world in the sky． [1]Not knowing what the stars were为动词-ing形式短语的否定形式，在句中作状语；what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作表语。 [2]Our power to investigate⑤ and thus understand space changed dramatically⑥ when the first telescope⑦ was angled⑧ at the night sky，increasing as it did the power of the human eye and enabling us to understand that the universe is far larger than was previously imaginable．The planets were seen to be worlds similar to our own，many of them even having their own moons．Soon，it was understood that the Sun was just one star among billions in the galaxy⑨ we call the Milky Way⑩．Some 300 years later，we learnt that the Milky Way itself was just one galaxy among billions of others，spread across the blackness of space like great islands of light and matter floating in a vast cosmic⑪ ocean． [2]本句的主句为Our power to investigate and thus understand space changed dramatically，主语中心词为Our power，动词不定式作后置定语；when引导时间状语从句；第二个and连接并列的结果状语。 Almost 400 years after the first Earth-based telescope was invented，the Hubble Space Telescope was launched⑫ into orbit，giving astronomers—indeed all of us—the first breathtakingly⑬ beautiful images⑭ of our universe taken from beyond Earth．Nothing in history has allowed us to see so much over such great distances，[3]from enormous clouds of gas where stars are being born，to huge black holes，and even to new planets where we might conceivably⑮ find life．Not only that—it has also helped us to work out the age and nature of the universe，and [4]discover the incredible fact that the universe is expanding at an ever-increasing speed⑯． [3]句中的两个where引导的从句均为定语从句，分别修饰clouds of gas和planets。 [4]句中that引导同位语从句。 To see even further into the universe，many countries are now engaged in⑰ building ever more advanced telescopes⑱．Currently，China operates the world's largest and most powerful radio telescope，the FAST telescope，completed in 2016．The 500-metre dish of the “Eye of Heaven”，as it is known，is being used in the search for dark matter，thought to be composed of⑲subatomic particles⑳ invisible㉑ to ordinary telescopes．This vast dish also has the ability to explore regions of space billions of light years away，right at the edge of the visible universe． The Hubble and the space telescopes constructed㉒ after it will allow us to see further and further into space．We will view stars and galaxies billions of light years away and look back at a past that was billions of years ago．Using ever-larger radio telescopes as our eyes，we will one day be able to look back to a time in the very early universe，before the existence of light．But the human quest for㉓ knowledge reaches even beyond that．So much of the universe remains unexplored that we are still close to the start of this incredible journey of discovery． 眺望夜空的眼睛 从人类有史以来，夜空就一直是让人浮想联翩的不竭源头。例如在中国考古遗址三星堆发掘的古蜀国神秘的巨目铜像，古时的人们认为它能够看到遥远的星空。事实上，人类仅凭肉眼只能看到夜空很小的一部分。并且在很长一段时间里，人们都无法理解他们所看到的事物。古时的人们并不知道星星到底是什么，所以他们便凭着想象去创造了一个空中世界。 当第一台望远镜对准夜空时，我们探索进而理解太空的能力就发生了巨大变化，它不仅增强了人类肉眼观测的能力，而且也让我们明白宇宙要比之前想象的大得多。每个行星都可以被视为和我们地球类似的星球，其中许多行星甚至有它们自己的卫星。很快，我们明白太阳只不过是银河系中数十亿计的恒星中的一颗。大约300年后，我们又得知，银河系只是数十亿个散落在黑色太空中的星系之一，就像漂浮在宇宙汪洋中的一座光与物质组成的大型岛屿。 第一个地基望远镜问世将近400年之后，哈勃空间望远镜发射入轨，不仅让天文学家，事实上还让我们所有人，都看见了来自地球之外令人叹为观止的宇宙美景。它让我们史无前例地看到了如此遥远的景观——从星体诞生的巨大气体云团，到巨型黑洞，甚至到可能会发现生命迹象的新行星。不仅如此，它还帮助我们测算宇宙的年龄并分析宇宙的本质，且发现了惊人的事实——宇宙正在以不断增加的速度扩大。 为了能更加深入地观察宇宙，很多国家开始投入研发更先进的望远镜。近来，中国研发了世界最大、功能最强的射电望远镜——FAST望远镜，于2016年建成。这个被称为“天眼”的500米口径巨盘用于探寻暗物质。暗物质被认为由亚原子粒子组成，一般望远镜是观测不到的。这个巨盘还能探索数十亿光年之外的太空领域，那里是看得到的宇宙的边界。 哈勃望远镜以及在它之后建成的太空望远镜将使我们能看见更加遥远的太空。我们将能观察几十亿光年外的星体和星系，回看数十亿年之前的过去。终将有一天，我们会使用更巨大的射电望远镜当作人类之眼，回看在光产生之前的宇宙的最早时期。但人类对知识的渴望不止于此。宇宙还有很多的未知领域，我们才刚刚接近这段奇幻发现之旅的起点。 12/12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $