Unit 2 Period 6 课时学案 写作(Writing)-【名师导航】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教师用书word（外研版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦概要写作核心知识点，以“写作框架搭建-常用表达积累-句式升级训练-写作实践应用”为学习支架，系统梳理从概要基本框架（开头整体概述、主体故事介绍、结尾简短评论），到常用表达句型（如推荐书籍的开头句、描述角色的中间句），再到句式升级方法（定语从句连接、动词-ing形式改写）的脉络。 该资料特色在于以学习支架促进语言能力与思维品质发展，通过提供具体范文（如《永别了，武器》《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》概要）和句式升级实例（如用定语从句连接句子、with复合结构改写），培养学生分析文本、规范表达的能力。课中辅助教师开展写作示范与互动练习，帮助学生掌握概要写作技巧，课后通过分类词汇表和句子改写练习，助力学生积累表达、查漏补缺，提升自主学习效率。

Period 6　 写作(Writing) 写一篇概要 概要属于说明文。概要写作，简言之，就是对所读过的文章简要概括，写出文章的中心大意。 一、基本框架 1．开头：整体概述； 2．主体：故事介绍； 3．结尾：简短评论。 二、常用表达 (一)常用开头句 1．I'm writing to recommend Jane Eyre by an English writer Charlotte Bronte． 我写信推荐英国作家夏洛蒂·勃朗特所写的《简·爱》。 2．The book by Oscar Wilde tells the story of Dorian Gray． 奥斯卡·王尔德的书讲述了多里安·格雷的故事。 3．Journey to the West written by Wu Cheng'en is a must-read for you． 吴承恩写的《西游记》是你的必读之作。 (二)常用中间句 1．Brave，good and strong，Xiulian is the character we care about most． 我们最关注秀莲这个角色，她勇敢、善良、坚强。 2．The film describes the difficulties he encounters and the positive attitude he adopts． 影片描述了他所遭遇到的困难和他所采取的积极的态度。 3．He is a very handsome young man who spends his life only concerned with his own pleasure，regardless of the suffering he brings to others． 他是一个非常英俊的年轻人，他一生只关心自己的快乐，而不管他给别人带来的痛苦。 4．Dorian wishes he could remain young and good-looking always，with his portrait growing old instead of him． 多里安希望他能永远保持年轻和英俊，他的肖像越来越老，而不是他。 5．Soon afterwards，Dorian is surprised to find his wish has come true，after he meets Sybil，an innocent actress who falls in love with him． 不久之后，多里安惊讶地发现，在他遇到西比尔之后，他的愿望已经实现，这个纯真的女演员爱上了他。 (三)常用结束句 1．The story is not only entertaining with magical tricks，but inspiring in terms of courage and persistence． 这个故事不仅具有魔术般的娱乐性，而且在勇气和毅力方面也鼓舞人心。 2．In fact，reading the book，everybody can find a figure in the novel who is similar to himself in real life． 事实上，读了这本书，每个人都能在小说中找到一个与现实生活中的自己相似的人物。 3．In the story，what matters most to Dorian Gray is that he is good-looking，not that he has a kind heart． 在故事中，多里安·格雷最重视的是他长得很好看，而不是他有一颗善良的心。 4．He sacrifices his true self in pursuit of physical beauty and pleasure，which leads to his destruction in the end． 他为了追求身体的美和快乐而牺牲真实自我，这最终导致了他的毁灭。 假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部即将举办文学名著读书会。请为你熟知的英文长篇小说写一篇概要，以便在读书会上与大家分享。概要的内容包括： 1．作品名称及作者； 2．剧情介绍； 3．作品的意义以及你对作品的感受。 注意：1．词数80个左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ [审题构思] [遣词造句] 1．《永别了，武器》是美国著名作家欧内斯特·海明威写的一部长篇小说。 A Farewell to Arms is a long novel written by the famous American writer Ernest Hemingway． 2．它讲述了一个名叫亨利的年轻人的故事。 It tells the story of a young man named Henry． 3．在第一次世界大战期间，他自愿驾驶救护车来帮助受伤的士兵。 He volunteered to drive the ambulance to help the wounded soldiers during World War Ⅰ． 4．一天，他在执行任务时受伤了。 One day，he was injured while performing the task． 5．他被送往医院，在那里，他遇到了凯瑟琳。 He was sent to hospital，where he met Catherine． 6．他们很快陷入了热恋。 They soon fell in love with each other． 7．伤愈后，亨利返回了前线。 After his recovery，Henry returned to the front． 8．亨利再次目睹了战争的残酷，毫不犹豫地离开了部队。 Henry witnessed the cruelty of the war again and left the army without hesitation． 9．这部小说揭示了战争的残酷以及战争对人类精神和情感的巨大影响。 The novel demonstrates the cruelty of war and its huge impact on human spirit and emotions． [句式升级] 10．用定语从句把句2和句3连接起来 It tells the story of a young man named Henry who volunteered to drive the ambulance to help the wounded soldiers during World War Ⅰ． 11．用含有动词-ing形式短语作状语的句子改写句8 Witnessing the cruelty of the war again，Henry left the army without hesitation． [连句成篇](注意使用适当的衔接过渡词语) _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 A Farewell to Arms is a long novel written by the famous American writer Ernest Hemingway．It tells the story of a young man named Henry who volunteered to drive the ambulance to help the wounded soldiers during World War Ⅰ．Unfortunately，one day，he was injured while performing the task．Then he was sent to hospital，where he met Catherine．They soon fell in love with each other．After his recovery，Henry returned to the front．Witnessing the cruelty of the war again，Henry left the army without hesitation． The novel demonstrates the cruelty of war and its huge impact on human spirit and emotions． 英语课上，老师要求同学们阅读马克·吐温的作品《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》(Adventures of Huckleberry Finn )并写一篇剧情概要。 概要的内容包括： 1．作品名称及作者； 2．简要介绍剧情； 3．你对作品的感受和看法。 注意：1．词数80个左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a classic novel written by Mark Twain，who is an American writer famous for writing stories． The novel tells a story of a young white boy named Huckleberry Finn and his journey down the Mississippi River with a runaway slave named Jim．This adventure not only showcases thrilling escapes but also vividly reflects the society at that time． Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has been considered as one of the greatest novels in the history of American literature． 动作描写 ①anticipate v．预期；预料 ②weaken v．(使)虚弱 ③cram v．挤满 ④lean v．倚，靠 ⑤stroke v．轻抚，抚摸 ⑥cooperate v．合作，协作 ⑦possess vt．拥有；具有；支配→possession n．财物，财产 ⑧recognize v．辨认出；承认；意识到→recognition n．承认；认可 情感描写 ①pessimistic adj．悲观的；悲观主义的 ②abnormal adj．不正常的，反常的 ③pure adj．纯净的，洁净的 ④vexed adj．恼火的 ⑤despair n．绝望 ⑥instinctively adv．本能地 ⑦absurd adj．荒唐的，愚蠢的 情景描写 ①widespread adj．广泛流传的 ②outstretched adj．张开的，伸开的 ③transparent adj．透明的 ④luxury n．奢华，奢侈→luxurious adj．奢侈的 第一步：完成句子雏形现 1．吉米的酒吧里挤满了人。 Jimmy's bar was crammed with people． 2．突然，一位女士声称她丢了钱包，里面是她最重要的物品——一枚结婚戒指。 Suddenly，a woman claimed her wallet was lost and that her most important possession—a wedding ring was inside it． 3．吉米查看了监控，认出了一个名叫奥利弗的男孩。 Jimmy checked the monitor and a boy named Oliver was recognized． 4．吉米向后靠在椅子上，陷入沉思。他想：“是时候该做点什么了。” Jimmy leaned back in his chair，lost in thought．“It's time to do something，” he thought． 5．他最终找到了奥利弗并伸出手问：“你想在我的酒吧工作吗？”男孩睁大了眼睛，脸上写满了惊讶。 Finally he found Oliver and asked with his hand outstretched，“Would you like to work in my bar？” The boy widened his eyes，surprise written over his face． 6．“愿意，吉米！我会努力工作的，像你期望的那样。还有……对不起，我拿了钱包。”奥利弗低着头回答。 “Yes，Jimmy! I will work as hard as you anticipate．And．．．sorry for taking the wallet，” Oliver lowered his head and responded． 第二步：句式升级造亮点 7．用定语从句改写句2 Suddenly，a woman claimed her wallet was lost，inside which was her most important possession—a wedding ring． 8．用with复合结构改写句6 “Yes，Jimmy! I will work as hard as you anticipate．And．．．sorry for taking the wallet，” Oliver responded with his head lowered． 第三步：过渡衔接连成篇 Jimmy's bar was crammed with people．Suddenly，a woman claimed her wallet was lost，inside which was her most important possession—a wedding ring．Jimmy checked the monitor and a boy named Oliver was recognized．Jimmy leaned back in his chair，lost in thought．“It's time to do something，”he thought．Finally he found Oliver and asked with his hand outstretched，“Would you like to work in my bar？” The boy widened his eyes，surprise written over his face．“Yes，Jimmy! I will work as hard as you anticipate．And．．．sorry for taking the wallet，” Oliver responded with his head lowered． 课时提升作业(六)　(Unit 2　Developing ideas & Writing) (建议用时：45分钟　总分：100.5分) Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 1．Someone proposed a motion to increase the membership fee (费用) to ￡500 a year． 2．The two groups are cooperating (合作) with each other to achieve their common goals． 3．On the top of the mountain，he threw down his load，breathing in the pure (纯净的)，fresh air． 4．Your opinion on luxury (奢侈) was very much to the point，which made the teacher satisfied． 5．While doing extensive reading，you don't have to puzzle over every single word or phrase (习语；短语) in the passage． Ⅱ．单句语法填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 1．The medical team is composed (compose) of two doctors and five nurses． 2．When he heard he was sentenced to death，the prisoner cried in despair． 3．The manager knew instinctively (instinctive) that something was wrong with the project． 4．When I came in，he was leaning (lean) against the chair，listening to soft music． 5．I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him what had happened． Ⅲ．短语填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) stick to；rush into；go up to；burst out laughing；be crammed with 1．Jack suddenly fell down when he rushed into the classroom． 2．The new house is crammed with priceless furniture and works of art． 3．I walked in and everyone burst out laughing，which made me embarrassed． 4．You should stick to taking exercise unless you do not care about your health． 5．Wanting to join the fun，another child went up to Jenny and started singing the rhythm． Ⅳ．完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 1．每当遇到困难时，他们都很容易陷入绝望。(every time) Every time they encounter difficulties，they will easily fall into despair． 2．(应用文写作之建议信)得知你学习汉语有困难，我很担心，所以写信给你提供一些建议。(so．．．as to) Knowing that you're having difficulty learning Chinese，I'm so concerned as to write to offer you some advice． 3．小男孩伸出双臂，跑向他的妈妈。(with 复合结构) The little boy ran to his mother，with his arms outstretched． 4．大家都哄堂大笑，但小男孩却号啕大哭起来。(burst) Everyone burst out laughing/burst into laughter，but the little boy burst into tears/burst out crying． 5．缺乏锻炼，Tom和他的朋友都不太健康。(no＋比较级＋than) Lack of exercise，Tom is no healthier than his friend． Ⅴ．补全短文(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分) He 1．crammed all his hope and dreams into (把所有的希望和梦想都塞进) that opportunity，but 2．every time he faced setbacks (每当他面对挫折)，he felt as if he was to 3．fall into despair (陷入绝望)．However，he wouldn't give up．Instead，he would work even harder，4．so determined as to turn his dreams into reality (如此意志坚决以至于把他的梦想变成了现实)． Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A The key to a happy life has nothing to do with getting ahead at work，making money，or travelling the world．Instead，living your best life and creating meaning is all about one thing：relationships． A study of adult development has been running at Harvard since 1938，and is now on its second generation of participants—the children of the original study's subjects．Over decades，the research team collected data about their lives，including their physical and mental health，marital (婚姻的) status and quality，career happiness，and more． They found the most important factor in how happy and healthy these men were over time was their relationships．In other words，finding happiness in life is all about the people you love． The research doesn't only include romantic relationships and marriage．Quality，close relationships are important whether they are in the context of romantic relationships or closeness between friends or family members．The kind of relationship you have is less important than how close you feel with them． However，the study only included men，and there're important gender differences in how people experience relationships．Some research suggests that men may benefit more from marriage．But they tend to have a harder time keeping friendships；as men get older，they are more likely to say they have nobody to discuss important subjects with．So it's possible that having close relationships throughout their lives might affect men differently than women． However，the findings line up with empirical (以实验为依据的) research on the effects of loneliness．People who are socially isolated have a greater likelihood of strokes (中风)，heart attacks，and higher blood pressure，not to mention mental health issues． Unfortunately for the youngest generation，recent surveys found that young Americans are lonelier than older generations．That will likely have a big impact on how healthy and happy people feel throughout their lives． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明：幸福的关键不在于工作上领先、赚钱或者周游世界，而在于亲密的人际关系。 1．What lesson can we learn from this passage? A．Travel far and wide to learn a lot． B．Keep an open mind to be creative． C．Treasure your time with your loved ones． D．Work hard to be the best of your profession． C　[推理判断题。本文围绕一项研究和其发现展开，这项研究表明：幸福的关键在于亲密的人际关系。亲密的关系既然如此重要，那么我们自然要珍视与所爱的人在一起的时光，C项与此相符。故选C。] 2．What's the implication in paragraph 5? A．Women are unwilling to participate in the study． B．Men are better at maintaining a close relationship． C．Women are not treated equally in scientific research． D．The findings of the study may not be true for women． D　[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“However，the study only included men．．．people experience relationships．”可知，文中所提及的研究对象均是男性；再根据第五段中的“So it's possible．．．differently than women．”可知，拥有亲密的人际关系对女性的影响或许跟对男性的影响不同。结合上面的信息我们不难得知，研究的发现或许在女性身上并不适用，故选D。] 3．Why is the youngest generation unfortunate? A．Because they have nobody to talk to． B．Because they are more socially isolated． C．Because they can't keep their relationships． D．Because they suffer physically and mentally． B　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Unfortunately for the．．．are lonelier than older generations．”可知，本题应选B项。题干中的“unfortunate”与关键信息中的“Unfortunately”对应，B项中的“are more socially isolated”与关键信息中的“are lonelier”相吻合。故选B。] 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Close Relationships Make a Happy Life B．Men Look Forward to Close Relationships C．Close Relationships Ensure People's Health D．Men and Women Differ in Keeping Relationships A　[标题归纳题。通读全文我们不难得知，本文是围绕一项研究及其发现展开的，该研究表明：幸福的关键在于亲密的人际关系，A项与此相吻合。故选A。] B If you analyze people's actions，you will come to the conclusion that they all seek happiness．Every act is in fact a search for it，even if on the surface it doesn't look so．Happiness is always the main target． Going to the movies，eating in a restaurant and going to a party are all motivated by the desire to be happy．Who does not dream of a vacation in some fascinating locations，a new car，a new house，or the ideal match? All people daydream，and some even try to make their dream a reality．And why is that? In order to be happy! Many people endanger themselves by climbing steep mountains，entering unexplored caves，or diving into the deep of the ocean in order to enjoy the few moments of happiness．A thief may steal because he loves the thrill of danger，or because he desires to have quick money to spend．He is actually looking for happiness，though in a perverted way． Of course，not all actions end in happiness．The motive is happiness，but the results do not always bring the desire．According to some spiritual traditions，we are spiritual beings in physical bodies．The spiritual part is always happy．Rather，it is happiness itself．But the physical body covers this happiness essence (本质)．There is a constant desire to find out this happiness．This is the reason why happiness is constantly sought． However，there is no need to search for happiness or to create it，or to have all kinds of outer experiences and actions in order to feel it．On the contrary，everything has to be dropped in order to experience it．Every technique，which helps to relax the mind and calm the rush of thoughts will lead to happiness． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章谈论了幸福的本质。 5．From the first two paragraphs，we can learn that ________ ． A．many things people do are to attain happiness B．it is very hard to analyze people's actions C．happiness is a daydream D．one should act carefully so as not to show his purpose A　[推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段中第一句可知，人们所做的许多事情都是为了追求幸福。由此可推断出，从前两段中我们可以了解到，人们做的许多事情都是为了获得幸福。故选A。] 6．What does the underlined word “perverted” in paragraph 3 most likely mean? A．Difficult． B．Unfair． C．Cautious． D．Illegal． D　[词义猜测题。画线词句前文“A thief may steal because he loves the thrill of danger，or because he desires to have quick money to spend．”谈论的是小偷进行偷窃的原因，而偷窃是一种非法的行为，从而推知画线词perverted意为“非法的”，和D项意思相近。故选D。] 7．According to the author，why do people seek happiness all the time? A．All actions don't result in the expected happiness． B．One's physical body is controlled by his spiritual part． C．There is little awareness of the nature of happiness． D．People are so greedy that it's hard to satisfy their desires． C　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“According to．．．is constantly sought．”可知，我们的精神部分就是幸福本身，但它被物质身体所掩盖，人们没有意识到这一点，没有意识到幸福的本质，所以就一直在寻找幸福。故选C。] 8．Which can be the best title? A．Where is happiness? B．How to pursue happiness? C．What is happiness essence? D．How to relax for happiness? C　[标题归纳题。根据第一段内容以及纵观全文可知，本篇文章围绕着幸福的本质展开，所以C项“幸福的本质是什么？”是本文最好的标题。故选C。] Ⅱ．应用文写作(满分15分) 你校英语报正在进行题为“My Greatest Happiness”的英语征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1．你最大的快乐； 2．你快乐的源泉。 注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 My Greatest Happiness _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 My Greatest Happiness I love spending time with my family because it brings us closer together．I find I develop a greater love for them as the years pass，despite our differences or disagreements．I can always depend upon them in times of difficulty．I love family dinners，which have always been the greatest happiness in my life．I love how everyone gets together and we talk over the meal．The conversation doesn't have to be relevantly important；mostly we talk about our daily life．Lots of laughter is involved and everyone feels loved and included．That's what makes us so happy．Family is constant，and so is my happiness． Ⅲ．读后续写(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 George's mother was very poor and was sick．Instead of having bright fires in winter，she had nothing to burn but dry sticks，which George picked up from under the trees． One fine day in July，his sick mother sent him to the woods．He was to stay there all day，to get as much wood as he could collect． It was a bright，sunny day，and George worked very hard，so by the time the sun was high，he was hot，and wished for a cool place where he might rest and have his meal．While he hunted for a place on the bank he saw among the grass some fine and wild strawberries (草莓)． “How good these will be with my bread and butter！” thought George．He set to work eagerly to gather all he could find，and then seated himself by the river． It was a pleasant place，and George felt happy and satisfied．He thought how much his sick mother would like to see him there，and to be there herself，instead of in her dark room in the village． George thought of all this，and just as he was putting the first strawberry to his mouth，he said to himself，“How much Mum would like these！” So he stopped，and put the strawberry back again． “Shall I save them for her？” he said，thinking how much they would make her happy，yet still looking at them with a longing eye． “I will eat half，and take the other half to her，” he said at last，and he divided them into two heaps (堆)．But each heap looked so small that he put them together again． “I will only taste one，” he thought．As he again put one to his mouth，he saw that he had taken the finest and he put it back．“I will keep them all for her，” he said with great happiness，and he covered them up nicely to take them home． 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 He stood up and started to get more and more wood until the sun was beginning to go down．__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Seeing the wild strawberries，his mum__________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 He stood up and started to get more and more wood until the sun was beginning to go down．George set out for home．He carried his cap filled with strawberries very carefully．How happy he felt then! He had all his strawberries for his sick mother．The nearer he came to his home，the less he wished to taste them．He arrived home before he knew it．Just after he had thrown down his wood，he heard his mother's weak voice calling him from the next room．“Is that you，George? I am glad you have come back，for I am thirsty and I'm longing for some tea．Could you get some for me？” George ran to her and joyfully offered her all the wild strawberries． Seeing the wild strawberries，his mum was very glad，tears running down her face．She said，“My boy，you didn't taste one of the strawberries and saved all for your sick mother．I'm so happy with all this，my child．” At that moment，George and his mother were both filled with happiness． 15/15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $