Unit 3 Period 6 课时学案 写作(Writing)-【名师导航】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册教师用书word（人教版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语环境问题报告写作核心知识点，系统梳理文体特征（科学性、条理性、准确性）及基本框架（开头陈述问题、主体介绍情况、结尾观点建议），通过教材原句示例、触类旁通句型积累（如描述污染、建议措施）、句式升级方法（如“with+名词+动词-ing”结构）搭建学习支架，引导学生从审题构思到遣词造句再到连句成篇，形成完整写作训练链条。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养，以环境主题为载体，通过“问题分析-措施建议-未来展望”的写作逻辑提升思维品质，例如“触类旁通”模块提供多样化功能句型（如“Air and water are being polluted...”），结合低碳生活报告、世界地球日投稿等真实情境任务（如“How to Live a Green Life”），增强学生社会责任感。课中助力教师开展情境化教学，课后通过词汇练习、补全短文等帮助学生自主巩固，有效弥补知识盲点。

Period 6　 写作(Writing) 写有关环境问题的报告 一、文体特征 报告是就一个问题展开调查后做出的分析与总结，是一种应用文体。调查者在对特定对象深入考察了解的基础上，经过归纳整理，分析研究，进而揭示事物的本质，得出符合实际的结论，并用文字形式将其表现出来。写作时要注意知识的科学性，行文的条理性和语言的准确性。 二、语言特色 [基本框架] 开头：陈述事实，简要提出反映的问题； 主体：介绍所反映的问题的具体情况； 结尾：表明自己的观点并提出建议。 [教材原句] (Ⅰ)Read the passage and find out the sentence describing the report's purpose． This report looks at the problem of water pollution and some actions that have been taken to deal with it． (Ⅱ)Read the passage and find out the sentence describing the problem of the past． Previously，water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists，many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river． (Ⅲ)Read the passage and find out the sentences describing measures that deal with the problem． 1．A comprehensive initiative was started，with a number of measures that addressed the issues． 2．The local government set up strict regulations regarding further industrial development． 3．Furthermore，the local authorities began to use the media to spread environmental awareness and encourage greater use of clean energy． 4．In addition，the ambitious “Water Ten Plan” is also now tackling water pollution across the country． (Ⅳ)Read the passage and find out the sentences about looking forward to a bright future． 1．With these measures，it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come． 2．With such campaigns in effect，China's waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future． [触类旁通] (一)描述问题 1．With the global warming becoming more and more serious，some Arctic species will probably die out． 随着全球变暖变得越来越严重，一些北极物种可能会灭绝。 2．Air and water are being polluted so that the environment in which animals live is destroyed． 空气和水正受到污染，因此动物生存的环境被破坏。 3．Nowadays，the issue of environmental protection is becoming more and more important． 如今，环境保护问题正变得越来越重要。 (二)建议措施 1．I make an urgent appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation． 我迫切呼吁应该采取措施应对现状。 2．It's high time that we should protect our environment from being polluted． 是我们保护环境免受污染的时候了。 3．More trees and flowers have been planted to make our school more beautiful． 种上了更多的树和花，使我们的学校更美丽。 4．And we should recycle，reduce or reuse things，for this saves money and reduces pollution． 我们应该回收、减少或重复使用一些东西，因为这样能节省开支，也能减少污染。 (三)提出希望 1．If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment，the Earth will become much more beautiful． 如果每个人都为保护环境做出贡献，地球将变得更加美丽。 2．It's our duty to protect the environment from being polluted． 保护环境免受污染是我们的责任。 当今社会，越来越多的人关注气候变化。请你写一篇报告，简要描述过量排放二氧化碳的危害(严重的风暴、干旱、全球变暖等)，并提出具体建议，号召人们选择低碳生活方式。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [审题构思] [遣词造句] 1．随着空气中二氧化碳含量的迅速增加，全球气温持续上升。 As the level of carbon dioxide in the air increases rapidly，the global temperature continues going up． 2．它导致更高的海平面，更多的风暴、洪水、干旱，甚至物种灭绝。 It results in a higher sea level，more storms，floods，droughts，and even the extinction of species． 3．联合国会议关注的是未来应对气候变化的行动，这已经引起越来越多人的关注。 The UN Conference focuses on future actions on climate change and it has attracted more and more people's attention． 4．人们已经意识到过低碳生活是必要的。 People've realized that living a low-carbon life is necessary． 5．如果情况允许，我们可以回收金属罐、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸。如果可以，我们可以步行或骑自行车。 We can recycle cans，bottles，plastic bags and newspapers if the circumstances allow．Walk or ride a bike if we can． 6．如果我们所有人都考虑这些问题并过低碳生活的话，我们将在未来拥有一个更好、更清洁的家园。 If all of us think about the problems and live a low-carbon life，we shall have a better and cleaner home in the future． [句式升级] 1．把句1升级为“with＋名词＋动词-ing形式”结构 With the level of carbon dioxide in the air increasing rapidly，the global temperature continues going up． 2．把句3升级为含有非限制性定语从句的复合句 The UN Conference focuses on future actions on climate change，which has attracted more and more people's attention． [连句成篇] _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] With the level of carbon dioxide in the air increasing rapidly，the global temperature continues going up．It results in a higher sea level，more storms，floods，droughts，and even the extinction of species． The UN Conference focuses on future actions on climate change，which has attracted more and more people's attention．People've realized that living a low-carbon life is necessary．We can recycle cans，bottles，plastic bags and newspapers if the circumstances allow．Walk or ride a bike if we can． If all of us think about the problems and live a low-carbon life，we shall have a better and cleaner home in the future． 每年的4月22日为世界地球日，这是一个专为世界环境保护而设立的节日，旨在提高民众对于现有环境问题的认识，并动员民众参与到环保运动中，通过绿色低碳生活，改善地球的整体环境。假如你是李华，请你结合生活实际，以“How to Live a Green Life”为题，向校英语报投稿，谈谈如何在日常生活中过一种绿色生活。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．标题已给出，不计入总词数。 How to Live a Green Life _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] How to Live a Green Life Today，we are faced with severe environmental problems，which deserve our attention．As students，there are plenty of things we can do to live a green life． Above all，it's important to change our bad living habits．For example，don't leave the tap running while brushing our teeth or leave the house with the lights still on．What's more，we'd better cycle or use public transport to go to school instead of taking a car，thus reducing air pollution．Finally，get rid of plastic bags．Instead，bring your own bags or baskets． All in all，it's high time that we should take immediate action．Only when we live a green life can we make a difference to saving our planet． 情感描写 ①sensitive adj．敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的 ②tolerate vt．忍受；包容；容许 ③be shocked 感到震惊 ④be concerned that...担心…… 动作描写 ①melt vi．& vt．(使)融化；熔化；软化 ②release vt．& n．排放；释放；发布 ③fuel n．燃料；刺激性言行 vt．加强；刺激 ④seize vt．抓住；夺取；控制 ⑤undergo vt．经历；经受(变化、不快等) ⑥restore vt．恢复；使复原；修复 ⑦starve vi．& vt．(使)挨饿；饿死 ⑧sustain vt．维持；遭受；承受住 ⑨submit vt．& vi．提交；呈递；屈服 ⑩seize every opportunity抓住每一个机会 ⑪take urgent steps采取紧急措施 第一步：完成句子雏形现 1．因为海伦是个敏感的女孩，她不能忍受在陌生环境中的孤独。 As Helen was a sensitive girl，she couldn't tolerate being lonely in the unfamiliar surroundings． 2．沉重的学习压力进一步加剧了她的困境。 Heavy study pressures further fueled her dilemma． 3．由于不知道如何宣泄自己的情绪，她正经历着一段痛苦的时光，陷入了极度的悲伤。 Not knowing how to release her emotions，she was undergoing a painful time，and she was seized by extreme sorrow． 4．她渴望摆脱这种令人窒息的境况。 She was starving to get rid of the choking situation． 5．幸运的是，班长的关心和支持使她度过了那段困难时期。 Luckily，the monitor's care and support sustained her through the difficult period． 6．逐渐地，海伦恢复了信心，下定决心不向任何困难屈服。 Gradually，Helen restored her confidence，determined not to submit herself to any difficulties． 7．她内心的孤独最终消融了，她的脸上露出了快乐的笑容。 Her inner loneliness finally melted away，and a happy smile brightened her face． 第二步：句式升级造亮点 8．用动词-ing形式短语作原因状语升级句1 Being a sensitive girl，Helen couldn't tolerate being lonely in the unfamiliar surroundings． 9．用独立主格结构升级句7 Her inner loneliness finally melted away，a happy smile brightening her face． 第三步：过渡衔接连成篇 Being a sensitive girl，Helen couldn't tolerate being lonely in the unfamiliar surroundings．Heavy study pressures further fueled her dilemma．Not knowing how to release her emotions，she was undergoing a painful time，and she was seized by extreme sorrow．She was starving to get rid of the choking situation．Luckily，the monitor's care and support sustained her through the difficult period．Gradually，Helen restored her confidence，determined not to submit herself to any difficulties．Her inner loneliness finally melted away，a happy smile brightening her face． 课时提升作业(九)　(UNIT 3　Using Language & Writing) (建议用时：45分钟　总分：102.5分) Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 1．Lying is something that I will not tolerate (容忍)． 2．Today the police launched a campaign (运动) to reduce road accidents． 3．They are going to build new roads to cope with the increased volume (量) of traffic． 4．Mr．Brown is still involved in voluntary work promoting local enterprises (企业)． 5．The measures are intended to restore (恢复) public confidence in the economy． Ⅱ．词性转换(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 1．All theories originate (origin) from practice and in turn serve practice． 2．The new regulations (regular) will put many small businesses out of business． 3．Regular inspections (inspect) are carried out at the prison． 4．Some plants are tolerant (tolerate) of extreme heat． 5．Conservation (conserve) programs cannot function without local support． Ⅲ．短语填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) refer to，on behalf of，result in，contribute to，dozens of 1．Heavy use of cell phones tends to result in distraction during work or study． 2．The scientist referred to global warming at least three times in his presentation． 3．Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness． 4．We have dozens of things to do now． 5．She accepted the award on behalf of the entire team． Ⅳ．完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 1．人们相信健康重于财富。 It is believed/People believe that health is above wealth． 2．全班同学看着他，他感到更不自然了。 He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him． 3．我们不允许在图书馆里吸烟。 We don't tolerate smoking in the library． 4．小组学习室的课桌配备了现代化的电脑，使学生能够从互联网上获得有用的信息。 The desks in the Group Study Room are equipped with modern computers，enabling students to gain useful information from the Internet． 5．我希望你的介绍能有助于我们更好地理解印象派。 I hope your presentation will contribute to our better understanding of Impressionism． Ⅴ．补全短文(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 1．With time going by/passing (随着时间的推移)，environmental pollution is a serious problem that the whole world is faced with．The government and people have been pursuing high-speed development，2．only to find that the environment has been destroyed severely (结果发现环境遭到了严重的破坏)．For example，we have been developing industry in the past decades，3．contributing to air，water and soil pollution (造成空气、水和土壤污染)．There is no doubt that never should we 4．submit ourselves to the difficulties we are faced with (屈服于我们所面临的困难)．Most importantly，we individuals 5．should seize every opportunity to protect the environment from being further polluted (应该抓住每一个机会来保护环境免受进一步地污染)． Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A Facial recognition technology is mostly linked with uses such as the authentication (验证) of human faces，but scientists believe they've found a new use for it—saving seals． Researchers have developed SealNet．The system is a database of seal faces created by taking pictures of many harbor seals in Maine's Casco Bay．The research team found the tool was close to 100 percent correct in identifying (识别) seals． The researchers are working on increasing the size of their database to make it available to other scientists．Increasing the database to include rare species could help efforts to save them．The Mediterranean monk seal is thought to be the world's most at-risk seal with only a few hundred animals left． Creating a list of seal faces and using machine learning to identify them can also help scientists know where in the ocean seals are．Ocean mammals move around a lot and are hard to photograph in the water．Scientists need to be able to identify individuals． SealNet is designed to identify the face in a picture．It recognizes the seal's face based on information related to the eyes and nose shape．A similar tool called PrimNet，which is for use on primates (灵长目动物)，had been used on seals earlier，but SealNet performed better． Seals and other ocean mammals have long been studied using satellite technology．Using AI to study them is a way to bring protection into the 21st century．Facial recognition technology could provide valuable data． “Once the system is perfected，I can picture lots of interesting environmental uses for it，” said Michelle Berger，a scientist．“If they could recognize seals，and recognize them from year to year，that would give us lots of information about movement，and how much they move from site to site．” He added that harbor seals give important information about the environment around them． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍科学家们发现了面部识别技术的新用途——拯救海豹，并具体介绍了这项研究及意义。 1．What can we learn about SealNet from the passage? A．It increases the size of the database． B．It identifies seals correctly． C．It performs worse than PrimNet． D．It includes rare species movement． B　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“The research team found the tool was close to 100 percent correct in identifying seals．”可知，我们知道SealNet能近乎准确地识别海豹。故选B。] 2．In what aspect does SealNet help us protect seals? A．It identifies which seal is at risk in the ocean． B．It recognizes the shape of a seal in a picture． C．It helps scientists know the location of the seals． D．It gives information about the animals around seals． C　[细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“Creating a list of seal faces and using machine learning to identify them can also help scientists know where in the ocean seals are．”可知，SealNet帮助科学家知道海豹的位置。故选C。] 3．According to Michelle Berger，what can the system do when it is perfected? A．It can provide information of the surroundings． B．It can recognize the seals for a year． C．It can increase the number of seals． D．It can provide information about primates． A　[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“‘Once the system is perfected，I can picture lots of interesting environmental uses for it，’ said Michelle Berger，a scientist．”可知，该系统完善后可以提供周围环境的信息。故选A。] 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To present a high-tech method to protect seals． B．To introduce the species of seals． C．To explain why seals are in danger． D．To propose a new method to recognize seals． A　[写作意图题。根据文章第一段“Facial recognition technology is mostly linked with uses such as the authentication of human faces，but scientists believe they've found a new use for it—saving seals．”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是介绍一种保护海豹的高科技方法。故选A。] B A group of Maldivian fishermen lines up at the back of a boat．As they cast their fishing rods (钓竿) and barbless hooks (无倒钩的鱼钩) into the water，they attract fish by throwing tiny baitfish (钓饵鱼) on the surface．This method is called pole and line fishing．It is believed by some to have originated in the Maldives and has been passed down through generations for centuries． Once they feel a bite，the fishermen swing the pole overhead and the fish crash on the boat．They repeat this technique for hours，catching one fish at a time．“Pole and line fishing is very different from catching fish by nets，” says Hamid Abdallah，a Maldivian fisherman．“We catch fish by pole and line because we want to be able to keep doing it for as long as we can．This is what my family have been doing for generations，” he adds．“This has been our livelihood．” Maldivians catch nearly 100，000 tons of tuna (金枪鱼) per year and the fish is the country's biggest export．To protect this food source，the Maldives is encouraging people to practice all kinds of eco-friendly fishing．Pole and line fishing helps reduce bycatch—where unwanted species of fish are caught accidentally—which can be a huge problem with other fishing methods．“When you cast a net，it catches everything—regardless of the species or size，” says Abdallah．“Pole and line fishing catches fish one by one．” The global fishing industry is vital for food security but overfishing and bycatch disturb ecosystems．Across the world，more than 7 million metric tons of tuna and tuna-like species are caught annually．According to the WWF，most tuna are in danger of dropping greatly in numbers． Experts say that encouraging pole and line fishing would be better for the environment，but this method isn't widespread because it's labor-intensive，requiring manpower，skill and time．However，many Maldivians aim to keep the tradition alive． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章简单介绍了马尔代夫渔民使用的一种传统捕鱼方法——竿钓。马尔代夫每年捕捞大量金枪鱼用于出口，为保护这一食物来源，马尔代夫鼓励人们采用各种环保捕鱼方式，其中竿钓有助于减少副渔获物。 5．What does paragraph 1 mainly focus on? A．Explaining Maldivians' daily life． B．Showing major industries in the Maldives． C．Describing a traditional fishing method． D．Introducing the fishing history． C　[段落大意题。第一段主要描述了马尔代夫渔民使用钓竿和无倒钩的鱼钩进行钓鱼的方法，这种方法被称为竿钓，即第一段描述了一种传统的捕鱼方法。故选C。] 6．What can be inferred from Hamid Abdallah's words? A．His family is struggling a lot． B．His family is well-equipped． C．His family is falling behind． D．His family is thinking ahead． D　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We catch fish by pole and line because we want to be able to keep doing it for as long as we can．This is what my family have been doing for generations”可知，Hamid Abdallah的家庭具有前瞻性，注重传统和可持续性，即其一家在为未来考虑。故选D。] 7．What is the problem with catching fish with nets according to the text? A．Small fish species may escape from the nets． B．It has a major impact on the export of tuna． C．Unwanted fish end up in the fishing net． D．Lots of accidents happen in the process of fishing． C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Pole and line fishing helps reduce bycatch—where unwanted species of fish are caught accidentally—which can be a huge problem with other fishing methods．”可知，用渔网捕鱼会不加区分地把大小各异、品种不同的鱼全钓上来，金枪鱼之外的那些不需要的鱼也会落入渔网，即用网捕鱼会捕获到不需要的鱼类，这是用网捕鱼的问题所在。故选C。] 8．What does the author say about pole and line fishing? A．It's highly profitable． B．It's time-consuming． C．It's cost-efficient． D．It's knowledge-intensive． B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“They repeat this technique for hours，catching one fish at a time．”以及最后一段中“Experts say that encouraging pole and line fishing would be better for the environment，but this method isn't widespread because it's labor-intensive，requiring manpower，skill and time．”可知，这种传统的钓鱼法一次只能钓一条鱼，并且它需要人力、技能和时间。这表明竿钓是一种耗时的方法。故选B。] Ⅱ．应用文写作(满分15分) 当今，我们周围的空气质量变得越来越差，为了加强学生们的环保意识，学校打算开展以“为家乡空气污染问题出谋划策”为主题的征文活动，警示人们要保护环境。请你写一篇报告，内容要点如下： 1．写明家乡空气污染的原因； 2．建设绿色家乡，建议采取什么措施(2至3点)； 3．倡议大家行动起来。 注意：可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] With the development of the economy，our hometown has witnessed severe air pollution for several years．This report looks at the causes of air pollution and some useful actions． The severe air pollution alarms us of the heavy load we have exerted on Earth by our inappropriate actions．Therefore，urgent steps should be taken to alleviate this issue． Initially，industrial companies should adopt new forms of energy as substitutes for fossil fuels．Also，governments can carry out inspections regularly．As for individuals，they should raise environmental awareness and try more environment-friendly transportation means instead of private cars．With these measures，it is believed that the fresh air of our hometown will be preserved for generations to enjoy． Let's spare no effort to make contributions to alleviating the air pollution problem of our hometown! Ⅲ．读后续写(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Most of us never forget the person that was there for us in our darkest times．Apparently，penguins (企鹅) don't either． On a typical day，off the coast of a small Brazilian island，Joao Pereira de Souza headed out fishing．He was disheartened to find that an oil leak had polluted the waters．Staring out at the oily waves，he decided it was not a good day to fish．But walking on the beach that day，he found a struggling penguin covered in oil and starving． Joao took the penguin home，and spent a whole week gently cleaning it and nursing it back to health．He named it Dindim，a Portuguese word meaning “ice pop”．Dindim is a Magellanic penguin，a species known for living in the seas of South America．In order to breed (繁殖)，they must return to Patagonia，5，000 miles from Joao's home． After a week of rehabilitation (康复)，Joao patiently took Dindim back to the sea and taught it how to swim again．When Dindim could swim quite well，Joao took it out into the sea by boat and dropped it off to encourage it to swim back to its home．But when he was back to shore，he found the penguin waiting for him．Joao made two more attempts later，but each time the bird would just return to Joao's home．It seemed that Dindim had already formed a family bond with Joao and wouldn't leave． Joao had no choice but to keep the little creature．During the following months，Dindim would follow behind Joao to fish on the coast joyfully．Dindim also liked to lie on Joao's lap，letting Joao give it showers，allowing Joao to feed it fish and to pick it up．Joao and his family enjoyed the company of Dindim．But deep inside Joao's heart，he knew Dindim belonged to the wild．Gradually，the hot summer days witnessed the change of its new feathers．Was it time to say “goodbye”？ 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Suddenly one morning，Joao found Dindim disappeared． _________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ A few months later，Joao heard some familiar cries in his backyard． _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Suddenly one morning，Joao found Dindim disappeared． “Has it really left？” Joao wondered，his mind mixing with sorrow and joy．In order to breed，he knew that Dindim had to go back，but it still made him heartbroken．Looking at the empty nest，he refused to leave．After a while，he bent down，picked up a few feathers from the ground，and turned back to the room．When putting the feathers into a jar，he said to himself，“Fine，it's finally grown up．” A few months later，Joao heard some familiar cries in his backyard． He hurriedly ran to the backyard．What caught his eyes were a group of penguins looking around! One even staggered up to him and looked up at him，as if asking，“Old friend，do you remember me？” It was Dindim! He quickly bent down，gently stroking its feathers．Later，these penguins lived there for a while and left some beautiful memories．So，just like Dindim，a penguin remembering who saved it when in trouble，let's always be grateful． 16 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $