专题06 完形填空 （期末真题汇编，湖南专用）高一英语上学期

专题06 完型填空 Passage 1 人与社会——文学、艺术与体育 （24-25学年高一上·湖南师大附中·期末） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On Sunday, 30­year­old Ruth Chepngetich of Kenya set a new world record for the fastest marathon ever run by a woman, finishing in 2 hours, 9 minutes, and 56 seconds. She's the first __41__ ever to finish a marathon in under 2 hours and 10 minutes. A marathon is a __42__ race, covering 42.195 kilometers. Runners must not only be fast, but keep their __43__ up over a very long distance. Chepngetich is no __44__ to success in Chicago. She had already __45__ the marathon twice, in 2021 and 2022. Her 2022 time of 2：14：18 had been the fourth fastest marathon in women's history. This year, she __46__ even higher, focusing on breaking the world record. Chepngetich ran fast __47__， finishing the first 5 kilometers in just 15 minutes. By 30 kilometers, she was nearly two minutes ahead of her __48__ competitor, Sutume Kebede of Ethiopia. __49__， Chepngetich was going so fast that for much of the marathon, she was running __50__ the fastest men in the race. Actually, only nine men finished the marathon ahead of her, __51__ many people who thought a marathon time of under 2：10：00 was impossible for a woman. “I'm very __52__ myself，” Chepngetich said. She __53__ $100，000 for winning the race, and a(n) __54__ $50，000 for setting a new record. In the men's race, John Korir of Kenya won with a time of 2：02：44, __55__ by Ethiopia's Mohamed Esa (2：04：39)． 41．A. human B．African C．athlete D．female 42．A. hard B．strange C．new D．funny 43．A. patience B．adventure C．speed D．balance 44．A. competitor B．stranger C．partner D．expert 45．A. watched B．contacted C．introduced D．won 46．A. aimed B．jumped C．climbed D．achieved 47．A. from the start B．by accident C．on purpose D．in the meanwhile 48．A. youngest B．tallest C．closest D．smartest 49．A. Obviously B．Naturally C．Impressively D．Luckily 50．A. against B．alongside C．without D．towards 51．A. satisfying B．disappointing C．frightening D．surprising 52．A. curious about B．proud of C．interested in D．responsible for 53．A. borrowed B．saved C．donated D．earned 54．A. extra B．unique C．free D．economic 55．A. mastered B．inspired C．admired D．followed Passage 2 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 （24-25学年高一上·湖南郴州市·期末） Last November, at 4 am, a fire broke out on the second floor of an apartment building in Columbus, Ohio. With the thick smoke adding to his ____41____, Brian Smith managed to ____42____ from the third-story window with his elder child, using a safety rope. Knowing his wife and newborn baby were trapped inside only made his worry worse. Corey Boykin, who lived across the street from the apartment, ____43____ something was wrong. He got up and looked out of the window, seeing black smoke from the apartment and a man trying to catch something. Immediately, he called 911 and ____44____ to help. With his help, Smith’s wife and his baby came to safety, too. Then, Smith hurriedly ____45____ doors of the residents on the first floor to ____46____ them. He tried to get to the second floor, but the smoke was too ____47____ to see or breathe. He had to turn back to the outside. Meanwhile, seeing people standing by the window, he and Boykin quickly fetched a ladder to ____48____ them and guide them through the smoke. “I tried to walk out of the front ____49____, but a big cloud hit me. The smoke was unbearable. I couldn’t breathe,” resident Chase Ray told 10 TV, “They _____50_____ my life, for sure.” Thanks to their timely help, there was no _____51_____ before the firefighters arrived. Besides the immediate rescue, Boykin helped others by offering them a _____52_____ to stay in and things they needed. “We gave them clothes, shoes, _____53_____ we had,” he said. When asked whether he was _____54_____, he said that if he faced such an emergency again, he would still help others without _____55_____, even if it would risk his life. 41. A. anger B. anxiety C. courage D. comfort 42. A. suffer B. result C. escape D. differ 43 A. expected B. knew C. predicted D. noticed 44 A. rushed out B. broke out C. hung out D. turned out 45. A. fixed B. kicked C. locked D. counted 46. A. scold B. attack C. forbid D. inform 47. A. thin B. heavy C. clear D. bright 48. A. reach B. amuse C. contact D. operate 49. A. lift B. hole C. door D. building 50. A. quit B. affected C. improved D. saved 51. A. injury B. response C. reflection D. influence 52. A. stage B. situation C. shelter D. position 53. A. however B. whatever C. wherever D. whichever 54. A. frightened B. confused C. satisfied D. excited 55. A. exception B. permission C. hesitation D. recognition Passage 3 人与自我——生活与学习 （24-25学年高一上·湖南怀化市·期末） A wheelchair has not become a barrier (障碍) for 55-year-old Zhang Ji who has visited 450 revolutionary sites across China in the past six years. Zhang was ___41___ by genetic factors and at the age of 6, he developed Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a (n) ___42___ that few people have. Despite his illness, Zhang’s early exposure (接触) to ___43___ stories greatly shaped his viewpoint. “My father used to show me several biographies (传记) of disabled individuals like Helen Keller. I ___44___ similar books to read and became more and more ___45___,” he recalled. Zhang’s mother also influenced Zhang’s ___46___ towards life. “While the body may suffer from illnesses, the mind should be filled with ___47___,” he said. Zhang’s love for history ___48___ led him to the idea of visiting revolutionary sites across the country. He started this ambitious visit in 2017, accompanied by his ___49___ wife. Every visit was recorded with a camera brought by Zhang, ___50___ over 40,000 photos, among which he chose nearly 500 for a book titled Forward. Due to muscle weakness, sometimes he has to hold up the ___51___ with his nose. When asked “why not use a mobile phone or ask your wife for ___52___?”, Zhang said that he ___53___ the view through the camera and believed that photography is a form of expression. On World ALS Day in 2017 and 2018, Zhang ___54___ his photography work and collections. This year, again he donated his collection of books to the Xujiahui Street Library. “Life is too short. We need to broaden our horizons and ___55___ ourselves. Travel ten thousand miles and read ten thousand books,” said Zhang. 41. A. warned B. affected C. chosen D. confused 42. A. conflict B. potential C. condition D. opportunity 43. A. horrible B. romantic C. inspirational D. dramatic 44. A. sought out B. turned down C. sold out D. made up 45. A. energetic B. awkward C. humorous D. confident 46. A. attitude B. concern C. explanation D. anxiety 47. A. challenges B. sunshine C. regret D. imagination 48. A. suddenly B. extremely C. normally D. eventually 49. A. generous B. worried C. curious D. supportive 50. A. increasing B. reducing C. taking D. decorating 51. A. book B. camera C. mobile phone D. collection 52. A. care B. money C. help D. advice 53. A. refused B. enjoyed C. disliked D. ignored 54. A. donated B. bought C. sold D. threw 55. A. entertain B. enlarge C. encourage D. enrich Passage 4 人与自我——生活与学习 （24-25学年高一上·湖南湘潭市·期末） Some youths may not know what to do in the future. However, a young Sherpa from Nepal successfully ____41____ his goal in October by climbing the 8,027-meter Mount Shishapangma. There are 14 mountains ____42____ as the “8,000ers”, for each of them is at least 8,000 meters tall. Climbing all 14 is such a great ____43____ that only a few dozen people have ____44____ to complete it. Sherpas are a group of people from Nepal who ____45____ for their climbing skills. They often ____46____ as guides. The young man’s father is a famous climber, and his ____47____ climbed all of the “8,000ers”, so his family members have given him strong ____48____. But even so, he didn’t ____49____ climbing seriously until he was old enough. He climbed his first “8,000er”, Mount Manaslu, in August, 2022. He _____50_____ to climb Shishapangma last year. But an avalanche (雪崩) happened at the time. He stopped his climb. _____51_____, he focused on rescuing other climbers. The young man’s success has already been _____52_____ by Nepal’s government. It will take a while longer for him to get a(n) _____53_____ certificate (证书). He hopes his successes will make people more _____54_____ of how important Sherpas are to climbing. But he aims to be more than a _____55_____ like his father. He wants to show that Sherpas are as good as climbers from any other country. 41. A. fought B. built C. completed D. kept 42. A. known B. dressed C. imagined D. appreciated 43. A. hobby B. challenge C. task D. burden 44. A. decided B. attempted C. managed D. intended 45. A. make up B. go through C. show off D. stand out 46. A. work B. train C. teach D. volunteer 47. A. neighbors B. uncles C. friends D. partners 48. A. relief B. service C. dream D. support 49. A. cut away B. give up C. set about D. apply for 50. A. scheduled B. forgot C. pretended D. struggled 51. A. Moreover B. Instead C. Sadly D. Luckily 52. A. promoted B. conducted C. confirmed D. destroyed 53. A. popular B. official C. attractive D. public 54. A. anxious B. curious C. annoyed D. aware 55. A. traveler B. hero C. failure D. guide Passage 5 人与自我——生活与学习 （24-25学年高一上·湖南益阳市·期末） Ramyai, now 45, though a successful businesswoman, is learning to read and write alongside students who are nearly 35 years ____41____ than she is. Ramyai attends a school in Ilorin, in Nigeria’s western Kwara state. She wears the same ____42____ as hundreds of girls at the school. As a child, Ramyai worked in her aunt’s shop instead of ____43____ school. She now ____44____ her own business making and selling purses and bags. But she believes her inability to read or write is ____45____ her from going further. Therefore, she ____46____ to attend school two years ago, but the school closed because of the COVID-19. Schools ____47____ this January after things returned to normal and Ramyai ____48____ got her chance. Ramyai’s teacher, Nasrat Busari, said she did not appear ____49____ about the age difference with other students. “She has been _____50_____ along with them well: playing together, talking together and discussing things together,” he said. Ramyai’s daughter, Shola Adeboye, said she was _____51_____ about it at first. However, she supported her mother’s efforts later. “She has always wanted to be _____52_____ but she couldn’t (until now),” Adeboye said. Ramyai still makes bags and purses after finishing classes. A helper serves her _____53_____ in her shop during school hours. She plans to _____54_____ her education for four more years, saying it will make a _____55_____ to her business. 41. A. better B. smaller C. younger D. older 42. A. jacket B. uniform C. trousers D. sweater 43. A. skipping B. hosting C. leaving D. attending 44. A. joins B. changes C. runs D. deserts 45. A. protecting B. preventing C. saving D. sparing 46. A. signed up B. broke up C. opened up D. tidied up 47. A. reopened B. recreated C. rebuilt D. retold 48. A. quickly B. originally C. eventually D. briefly 49. A. satisfied B. worried C. surprised D. excited 50. A. getting B. walking C. coming D. chatting 51. A. creative B. supportive C. active D. negative 52. A. respected B. attacked C. educated D. memorized 53. A. customers B. classmates C. daughters D. teachers 54. A. escape B. continue C. stop D. comfort 55. A. choice B. response C. mistake D. difference Passage 6 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 （24-25学年高一上·湖南永州市·期末） Last week in Berlin, I found myself waiting at a bus stop late in the evening. According to the ____41____, a bus was supposed to arrive shortly, but minutes went by and no bus ____42____. The streets were quiet, and the wind began to pick up, ____43____ to my impatience. As I thought over whether to take an Uber or walk to the next stop, a young man ____44____ me and asked in English, “I’ve been waiting for half an hour. Can you ____45____ that sign?” He seemed disappointed. He quickly opened Google Translate on his phone and asked me to read the letters out loud while he ____46____ them in. After a brief moment, we got the ____47____ — the bus stop had been moved to a completely different street. Without hesitation, we decided to ____48____ there together. Why do many of us find it ____49____ to reach out to others when we face challenges? Perhaps it’s because we’ve been taught that being ____50____ is something to struggle for. To a certain degree, that’s indeed true. However, sometimes we take this mindset too ____51____. Realizing that relying on one another and seeking help can actually be ____52____ of wisdom, sympathy, modesty, and foresight is important. In our daily lives, ____53____ help when we notice others in distress and gracefully allowing ourselves to ____54____ it from others create blessed moments. These exchanges ____55____ us of the importance of connection and support from each other. It’s in these shared experiences that we find true strength and comfort. 41. A. plan B. schedule C. map D. path 42. A. showed up B. slowed down C. speeded up D. went away 43. A. adapting B. rising C. adding D. pointing 44. A. saw B. watched C. noticed D. approached 45. A. read B. recall C. recollect D. recognize 46. A. pressed B. gathered C. typed D. took 47. A. proposal B. translation C. location D. solution 48. A. escape B. ride C. drive D. walk 49. A. easy B. tough C. enjoyable D. natural 50. A. concerned B. confident C. independent D. brave 51. A. extreme B. positive C. negative D. common 52. A. unities B. angles C. factors D. signs 53. A. offering B. seeking C. expecting D. receiving 54. A. ignore B. refuse C. receive D. desire 55. A. cure B. remind C. rid D. warn Passage 7 人与自我——生活与学习 （24-25学年高一上·湖南张家界市·期末） Dear Seth, You are only three years old, and at this point in your life you are not able to understand this letter. But some day when you ____41____, I hope you will find something ____42____ in what I am going to share with you. Life can be ____43____. There will be people in your life who won’t be very nice. They’ll ____44____ you because you are different, or for no good reason. You will also face heartbreak and might be ____45____ by those you love. I hope you don’t have to face these too much. But such things ____46____. Be open to life anyway. You’ll find cruelty (残忍) and ____47____ in your journey through life, but don’t let that prevent you from finding new things. Don’t retreat (退却) from life, and don’t hide or ____48____ yourself off. Be open to new things, new experiences and new people. You will ____49____ many times, but if you allow that to stop you from trying, you will _____50_____ many chances. Do remember failure is a stepping stone to success . You will meet many people who will try to do _____51_____ than you, in school, in college, and at work. They’ll try to have nicer cars, bigger houses, nicer clothes, and so on… To them, life is a competition. However, I believe life is a _____52_____. If you always try your best to _____53_____ others, you are wasting your life. Learn to enjoy your life instead and you will make it a journey of _____54_____ of learning and of love. Finally, know that I love you and always will. You are _____55_____ a really wonderful journey, and I will always be there for you. Love Dad 41. A. cheer up B. grow up C. show up D. bring up 42. A. valuable B. familiar C. normal D. novel 43. A. flexible B. limited C. unkind D. equal 44. A. run after B. look at C. look after D. laugh at 45. A. impressed B. hurt C. found D. accepted 46. A. happen B. work C. matter D. disappear 47. A. hope B. difference C. pain D. luck 48. A. see B. wall C. shake D. cover 49. A. escape B. prepare C. fail D. seek 50. A. meet B. enjoy C. take D. miss 51. A. better B. earlier C. less D. faster 52. A. course B. dream C. journey D. challenge 53. A. change B. follow C. beat D. pardon 54. A. regret B. patience C. quietness D. happiness 55. A. conducting B. permitting C. starting D. recognizing Passage 8 人与自我——生活与学习 （24-25学年高一上·湖南长沙市明德中学·期末） When you measure the distance between towns on foot, walk to places that you thought could only be reached by car and it will change your mind. I live in the suburb north of San Francisco, and ____41____is considered the main transpor-tation for most people here. I still remember how ____42____I was when I first learned to drive. While driving with music gently ____43____my heart, I was filled with joy. However, as time went by, that excitement ____44____. I feared driving, and felt worried and upset. Everyone seems to be in my way especially when I am in a ____45____. One night, a deer ran out from the dark, knocked against my moving car, and ____46____across the street. I didn’t dare to get out of my car to see her. Crying on the ____47____, I hated my car. When I joined the 21-day mindful walking ____48____, I began to walk with a mind. During the walking days, I smiled at every stranger ____49____by me. I walked to the streets that I _____50_____would not pass through and _____51_____a tiny free library on the sidewalk. I began to _____52_____if I had really lived in this town all these years. It’s a completely _____53_____ town that I know so little about! I felt deeply _____54_____for the walking challenge. Maybe I will set foot on far lands again, yet I know _____55_____is right here and right now. 41. A. walking B. driving C. flying D. biking 42. A. anxious B. surprised C. excited D. ready 43. A. attacking B. hitting C. recovering D. comforting 44. A. went down B. spread out C. fell apart D. took over 45. A. mess B. way C. hurry D. corner 46. A. came B. jumped C. landed D. ran 47. A. wheel B. carpet C. street D. shelter 48. A. organization B. challenge C. schedule D. competition 49. A. standing B. judging C. passing D. dropping 50. A. obviously B. actually C. normally D. formally 51. A. discovered B. built C. decorated D. rented 52. A. comment B. question C. argue D. check 53. A. special B. romantic C. quiet D. new 54. A. grateful B. hungry C. sorry D. doubtful 55. A. fortune B. wonder C. concern D. pressure Passage 9 人与自我——生活与学习 （24-25学年高一上·湖南邵阳市·期末） When I was in my early twenties, I moved away from my home state of Wisconsin to attend graduate school. I chose to go to the University of Arizona in Tucson and ___41___ there. Upon landing in early June, I was shocked by the lack of ___42___ and the burning desert heat. After less than two days in that ___43___, I called my parents to question whether I had made the right choice and to announce that I was ___44___ considering coming home. My father, in a calm and ___45___ voice, indicated that I always had a choice. I could always come home and be welcome there. But in fact, we both knew I wouldn’t come home at the time. Needless to say, I chose to ___46___. Many years have passed. My father’s ___47___ words remain with me. Knowing that I can always come home, I’ve been able to ___48___ several challenging situations - unemployment, divorce and even the ___49___ of my only son. I have also used these words in many cases where others need to know that someone ____50____ and that they do have a choice. Whether home is earthly, spiritual, or some sense of calm, knowing that we can come home will be just enough to ____51____ us on our way. It ____52____ me, in a way, of the prodigal son (回头的浪子) who found ____53____ and love upon returning home. While we don’t have to be like him and hit bottom in life, it is good to know that we can wander and experience pains and ____54____ in life but we still have a home where love, support and comfort ____55____. 41. A. flew B. drove C. walked D. cycled 42. A. blue B. yellow C. brown D. green 43. A. family B. refuge C. environment D. desert 44. A. naturally B. fortunately C. obviously D. seriously 45. A. gentle B. weak C. supportive D. pleasant 46. A. graduate B. regret C. return D. continue 47. A. surprising B. encouraging C. interesting D. moving 48. A. face up to B. get away with C. make sure of D. look out for 49. A. return B. growth C. arrival D. loss 50. A. worries B. cares C. leaves D. stays 51. A. help B. stop C. protect D. teach 52. A. informs B. reminds C. warns D. rids 53. A. comfort B. interest C. food D. money 54. A. regrets B. complaints C. sufferings D. pleasures 55. A. survive B. exist C. fall D. disappear Passage 10 人与自我——生活与学习 （24-25学年高一上·湖南湘西州·期末） In seventh grade, I was a volunteer assistant at a local hospital. In general, I ____41____ about thirty to forty hours a week in summer, mostly with Mr. Gillespie. He had no ____42____ and seemed forgotten. I spent many days there holding his hand and talking to him, and helped with his care, though he only ____43____ pressed my hand as he was in a coma (昏迷). I left for a week’s vacation with my parents. When I ____44____, Mr. Gillespi e was gone. I was too afraid to ask the nurses about his whereabouts (下落), ____45____ he might have died. And, with many questions, I still ____46____ volunteering through eighth grade. Several years later, when I was a junior in high school, I saw a ____47____ face at the gas station. It was him! He was alive. I ____48____ the courage to ask if he was Mr. Gillespie and if he had been in a coma five years ago. He ____49____. I explained how I knew him and our time in the hospital. He hugged me warmly, his eyes _____50_____. He said that while comatose, he could hear me and feel my touch, believing it was an _____51_____. He thought my voice and _____52_____ had kept him alive. Then he _____53_____ his life story and what led to the coma. We cried, hugged, and parted ways. Though I haven’t seen him since, he fills my heart with _____54_____ every day. I know I influenced his life, and more importantly, he _____55_____ mine. He made me feel like an angel. It was an experience I’ll never forget. 41. A. studied B. volunteered C. challenged D. designed 42. A. tourists B. doctors C. visitors D. professionals 43. A. naturally B. frequently C. kindly D. occasionally 44. A. returned B. battled C. settled D. graduated 45. A. recalling B. fearing C. imagining D. admitting 46. A. continued B. stopped C. started D. avoided 47. A. strange B. charming C. familiar D. rough 48. A. lacked B. lost C. desired D. gathered 49. A. nodded B. bent C. waved D. shook 50. A. empty B. dirty C. lovely D. teary 51. A. angel B. expert C. actor D. athlete 52. A. ignorance B. presence C. confidence D. absence 53. A. wrote B. posted C. shared D. read 54. A. joy B. fancy C. regret D. curiosity 55. A. created B. destroyed C. changed D. awarded Passage 11 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 （24-25学年高一上·湖南岳阳市·期末） As Nicole and Mathan drove their family of four back home to Fargo, North Dakota, after visiting their Grandpa Mike in Texas, they had two tearful little kids in the back. Why? Well, during the ___41___, they fell in love with a homeless dog that walked by aimlessly — and kept coming back. At first, Nicole told the kids to be cautious and not to ___42___ him. But he was just so ___43___ to the kids and later he won the family over. Together, the family took the dog home, giving him a bath, some food and even a name: Country. In the backyard, the lively kids and Country ___44___ a delightful play time. The kids were running around in circles, laughing with joy, while the dog ___45___ them with its tail wagging with pleasure. Their laughter and the dog’s excited barks filled the air, creating a happy ___46___. With each passing day, the kids grew more ___47___ to Country. So when it was time to leave, the kids burst into floods of ___48___. Little did they know, their Grandpa Mike was ___49___ a Christmas plan. Because when he saw how the dog was around the kids, he knew Country was ___50___ for them. So Mike decided to ___51___ his grandkids on Christmas morning by ___52___ Country more than 1,200 miles from Texas to North Dakota. “I wanted to make them happy,” he said. The kids were full of ___53___ to see Country again, especially when they learned he was theirs to ___54___. So for Christmas, the family gave Country a forever home, and he gave the family their best Christmas ___55___. 41. A. festival B. exploration C. visit D. adventure 42. A. attack B. ignore C. admire D. touch 43. A. pleasant B. familiar C. similar D. rude 44. A. took B. performed C. caught D. shared 45. A. bit B. followed C. greeted D. found 46. A. scene B. event C. activity D. ending 47. A. responsible B. generous C. attached D. devoted 48. A. sweat B. tears C. laughter D. anger 49. A. counting on B. cooking up C. bringing out D. showing off 50. A. useful B. fancy C. typical D. special 51. A. calm B. award C. surprise D. inspire 52. A. driving B. renting C. recovering D. gathering 53. A. confidence B. satisfaction C. anxiety D. excitement 54. A. stay B. collect C. keep D. approach 55. A. effort B. gift C. option D. tradition Passage 12 人与自我——生活与学习 （24-25学年高一上·湖南长沙市一中·期末） My least favorite part was participating in sport meets, for I loved running by myself. When faced with running against fellow athletes, I was ___41___ . I had butterflies in my stomach and the sudden urge to go to the nearest ___42___ . This year, however, I was encouraged to join in a long-distance running race by my coach. The 800-meter event was approaching, meaning that I would ___43___ soon. I breathed deeply and tried to ___44___ my worries. I walked over to some of the ___45___ who would run with me and started to ___46___ with them. We were all loosening up and getting ready to run as ___47___ as possible. The starter raised his gun and ___48___ . About twenty-five runners took off. With these runners around me, I ___49___ my coach’s words, “You may be small, but you have ____50____ power. ” So, I kept up with athletes twice my size. One by one, I ____51____ to make it to the top four, bursting around the lap. It was the last lap before the final straight away. So I widened my steps, speeding up my ____52____ . I caught up with the runner in first place and we ran side by side down the last 100 meters — I ____53____ him by a hair at the finishing line! My coach gave me a ____54____ hug as I headed back to see him. He was ____55____ because I had shortened my original time by twelve seconds at least. 41. A. amazed B. nervous C. relaxed D. puzzled 42. A. stadium B. clinic C. bathroom D. station 43. A. participate B. fail C. escape D. compete 44. A. ignore B. solve C. explore D. examine 45. A. volunteers B. judges C. runners D. coaches 46. A. watch out B. turn around C. come along D. warm up 47. A. smoothly B. rapidly C. obviously D. patiently 48. A. cheated B. survived C. triggered D. fired 49. A. appreciated B. recalled C. requested D. adapted 50. A. exact B. great C. practical D. suitable 51. A. offered B. declared C. managed D. regretted 52. A. study B. challenge C. fight D. pace 53. A. beat B. pushed C. dragged D. followed 54. A. gentle B. light C. firm D. slight 55. A. shocked B. disappointed C. frightened D. depressed Passage 13 人与自然——自然生态 （24-25学年高一上·湖南长沙市长郡中学·期末） Tom and his best friend, Jack, were both nature enthusiasts. They loved exploring the great outdoors and had planned a two-day ___41___ in the mountains. They had ___42___ all the essentials, including a map, compass (指南针), first aid kit, and enough food. The first day’s daytime was ___43___. They hiked through the forest, admiring the beauty of the towering trees and the vibrant wildlife. However, as dusk fell, they found themselves lost. Despite using their compass, the thick forest and ___44___ affected their navigation (导航). Hearing ___45___ water, they discovered a river and decided to follow it, hoping for a campsite. The river was wider and faster than expected. They attempted to ___46___ via a fallen tree, but it broke under Tom’s ___47___, and he fell into the river, ___48___ by the current. Jack raced along the ___49___, eventually reaching Tom as the river calmed. Using a branch, he pulled Tom to safety. Wet and____50____, they made camp, starting a fire to dry off and warm up. They spent the night ____51____ their survival and the need to respect nature. The next day, a search and rescue team found them, having been reported ____52____ by their families. The experience had been ____53____, but it had also taught them a valuable ____54____ about the importance of being prepared and ____55____ the power of nature. 41. A. hike B. run C. play D. rest 42. A. stored B. forgotten C. ordered D. packed 43. A. uneventful B. worthless C. boring D. disappointing 44. A. danger B. wild C. equipment D. darkness 45. A. freezing B. deep C. rushing D. clear 46. A. swim B. cross C. fight D. jump 47. A. height B. weight C. size D. appearance 48. A. swept away B. burned out C. picked up D. taken over 49. A. forest B. bank C. path D. hill 50. A. excited B. energetic C. tired D. emotional 51. A. reflecting on B. concentrating on C. sticking to D. responding to 52. A. dangerous B. proud C. missing D. concerned 53. A. meaningful B. frightening C. individual D. beneficial 54. A. struggle B. journey C. lesson D. emergency 55. A. enjoying B. admiring C. ignoring D. respecting Passage 14 人与自我——生活与学习 （24-25学年高一上·湖南长沙市雅礼中学·期末） They were gathering at the starting line — runners of all ages, shapes and sizes — preparing for the first 5K of the spring season. I knew this because I had ___41___ at the park’s public restroom on my way to buy donuts and ___42___ the huge banner (横幅) announcing the race. For some reason, I decided to sit on the grass and watch the race begin. I was fascinated by the ___43___ I witnessed. There were teenagers and grandmas, mamas with babies strapped (捆) to their ___44___, and dads followed by their young sons and daughters. ___45___ were happening everywhere before the officials ___46___ for the start. Everyone looked glad to be there — proud, ___47___. I wondered what aroused such enthusiasm. The idea of running for any reason ___48___ chasing down an ice-cream truck had never been ___49___ to me. As the runners took their places, I heard ___50___ from the bleachers (看台). “Go, Barbara! You got this, Mama!” “Grandpa, we love you! We’re so proud of you.” I decided to stay and watch. For some reason the race became a study in human nature. I was ___51___ by the excitement. Who would cross line first? How long had that person been running? When did he or she become ___52___ to the sport? For the first time in ages, something attracted me long enough that donuts took a back seat. I didn’t stop for donuts that day, I can’t tell you ___53___ why. I can tell you that something transformative ___54___ that race day. Now when I stop at the park to use the public restroom, I also run the quarter-mile track. Someday, I hope to hear my family’s voices coming from those bleachers when they see Nanny ___55___ the finish line. 41. A. stopped B. aimed C. stared D. arrived 42. A. imagined B. explored C. remembered D. noticed 43. A. friendliness B. kindness C. patience D. diversity 44. A. arms B. legs C. backs D. hands 45. A. high-fives B. push-ups C. thumb-ups D. sit-ups 46. A. prepared B. searched C. signaled D. waited 47. A. for free B. in short C. for example D. in fact 48. A. more than B. other than C. rather than D. less than 49. A. appealing B. confusing C. comforting D. frightening 50. A. whispering B. cheering C. laughing D. crying 51. A. confused B. scared C. attracted D. saddened 52. A. devoted B. friendly C. sensitive D. familiar 53. A. carefully B. obviously C. vividly D. exactly 54. A. disappeared B. happened C. returned D. survived 55. A. cross B. find C. leave D. draw Passage 15 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 （24-25学年高一上·湖南长沙市雨花区·期末） It was a summer 33 years ago. We were a normal crowd of people from all walks of life who took the ____41____ every day. During the early morning ride, we sat sleepily with our collars up to our ears, cheerless and ____42____. One day, a passenger who headed for the centre of senior citizens ___43___ the bus. He walked with an arched (弓形的) back tiredly and sat down alone behind the driver. No one ever paid much ____44____ to him. Then one July morning, the old man got on the bus ____45____, smiled and said in a loud voice: “And a very good morning to you all!” Some of us looked up, greatly surprised, and ___46___ “Good morning.” in reply. Another morning, the aged man was ____47____ in a nice old suit with a tie on. The thin hair had been carefully combed. He said good morning to us as usual and we ____48____ began to nod and talk to each other. One morning this man got on the bus and with a bunch of ____49____ in his hand. They appeared a little lifeless because of the _____50_____. The driver turned around _____51_____ and asked: “Have you got yourself a girlfriend, old fellow?” He nodded shyly and said yes. The other passengers whistled and _____52_____. The man bowed and waved the flowers before he sat down on his seat. Soon autumn was coming, when one morning the man wasn’t waiting at his usual _____53_____. When he wasn’t there the next day and the day after that, we started wondering if he was sick, or, _____54_____, he was on holiday somewhere. When we came nearer to the centre for senior citizens, one of the passengers asked the driver to wait. We all held our breaths when she went to the door. Knowing who we were inquiring about, one of the staff said, “The elderly gentleman has moved to live with his girlfriend.” We sat there, crying tears of ____55____ for him. 41. A. bike B. train C. bus D. plane 42. A. curious B. silent C. careful D. talkative 43. A. left B. drove C. boarded D. cleaned 44. A. effort B. time C. money D. attention 45. A. secretly B. miserably C. energetically D. proudly 46. A. cried B. shouted C. screamed D. whispered 47. A. trapped B. dressed C. devoted D. absorbed 48. A. basically B. gradually C. suddenly D. officially 49. A. boxes B. gifts C. flowers D. luggage 50. A. wind B. heat C. cold D. shower 51. A. quietly B. rudely C. angrily D. smilingly 52. A. clapped B. asked C. nodded D. answered 53. A. stop B. seat C. centre D. service 54. A. badly B. usually C. hopefully D. helplessly 55. A. joy B. anger C. surprise D. sadness 2 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 完型填空 Passage 1 人与社会——文学、艺术与体育 （24-25学年高一上·湖南师大附中·期末） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On Sunday, 30­year­old Ruth Chepngetich of Kenya set a new world record for the fastest marathon ever run by a woman, finishing in 2 hours, 9 minutes, and 56 seconds. She's the first __41__ ever to finish a marathon in under 2 hours and 10 minutes. A marathon is a __42__ race, covering 42.195 kilometers. Runners must not only be fast, but keep their __43__ up over a very long distance. Chepngetich is no __44__ to success in Chicago. She had already __45__ the marathon twice, in 2021 and 2022. Her 2022 time of 2：14：18 had been the fourth fastest marathon in women's history. This year, she __46__ even higher, focusing on breaking the world record. Chepngetich ran fast __47__， finishing the first 5 kilometers in just 15 minutes. By 30 kilometers, she was nearly two minutes ahead of her __48__ competitor, Sutume Kebede of Ethiopia. __49__， Chepngetich was going so fast that for much of the marathon, she was running __50__ the fastest men in the race. Actually, only nine men finished the marathon ahead of her, __51__ many people who thought a marathon time of under 2：10：00 was impossible for a woman. “I'm very __52__ myself，” Chepngetich said. She __53__ $100，000 for winning the race, and a(n) __54__ $50，000 for setting a new record. In the men's race, John Korir of Kenya won with a time of 2：02：44, __55__ by Ethiopia's Mohamed Esa (2：04：39)． 41．A. human B．African C．athlete D．female 42．A. hard B．strange C．new D．funny 43．A. patience B．adventure C．speed D．balance 44．A. competitor B．stranger C．partner D．expert 45．A. watched B．contacted C．introduced D．won 46．A. aimed B．jumped C．climbed D．achieved 47．A. from the start B．by accident C．on purpose D．in the meanwhile 48．A. youngest B．tallest C．closest D．smartest 49．A. Obviously B．Naturally C．Impressively D．Luckily 50．A. against B．alongside C．without D．towards 51．A. satisfying B．disappointing C．frightening D．surprising 52．A. curious about B．proud of C．interested in D．responsible for 53．A. borrowed B．saved C．donated D．earned 54．A. extra B．unique C．free D．economic 55．A. mastered B．inspired C．admired D．followed 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了30岁的肯尼亚选手Ruth Chepngetich以2小时9分56秒的成绩刷新了女子马拉松跑得最快的世界纪录。 【解析】 41．D。句意：她是第一位在2小时10分钟内跑完马拉松的女性。A. human人类；B. African非洲人；C. athlete运动员；D. female女性。根据上文“On Sunday, 30­year­old Ruth Chepngetich of Kenya set a new world record for the fastest marathon ever run by a woman, finishing in 2 hours, 9 minutes, and 56 seconds.”可知，Ruth Chepngetich以2小时9分56秒的成绩刷新了女子马拉松跑得最快的世界纪录，所以是第一位在2小时10分钟内跑完马拉松的女性，故选D。 42．A。句意：马拉松是一项艰苦的比赛，全程42.195公里。A. hard艰苦的；B. strange奇怪的；C. new新的；D. funny有趣的。根据下文“covering 42.195 kilometers”和常识可知，马拉松是一项艰苦的比赛，故选A。 43．C。句意：跑步者不仅要跑得快，而且要在很长的距离内保持速度。A. patience耐心；B. adventure冒险；C. speed速度；D. balance 平衡。根据上文“Runners must not only be fast”和常识可知，跑马拉松的跑步者不仅要跑得快，还得一直保持速度，故选C。 44．B。句意：Chepngetich对在芝加哥的成功并不陌生。A. competitor竞争者；B. stranger陌生人；C. partner同伴；D. expert专家。根据下文“She had already__45__ the marathon twice, in 2021 and 2022.”可知，她已经赢了两次马拉松，所以应该是对在芝加哥的成功并不陌生，故选B。 45．D。句意：她已经在2021年和2022年两次赢得马拉松冠军。A. watched观看；B. contacted联系；C. introduced介绍；D. won赢得。根据下文“Her 2022 time of 2：14：18 had been the fourth fastest marathon in women's history.”可推知，她在2021年和2022年两次赢得马拉松冠军，故选D。 46．A。句意：今年，她的目标更高，专注于打破世界纪录。A. aimed以……为目标；B. jumped跳；C. climbed攀登；D. achieved达到。根据下文“focusing on breaking the world record”可知，她的目标是希望打破世界纪录，故选A。 47．A。句意：Chepngetich从一开始就跑得很快，只用了15分钟就跑完了前5公里。 A．from the start从一开始；B. by accident偶然地；C. on purpose故意地；D. in the meanwhile在此期间。根据下文“finishing the first 5 kilometers in just 15 minutes”可推知，她从一开始就跑得很快，故选A。 48．C。句意：在30公里时，她领先最接近的竞争对手埃塞俄比亚的苏图姆·凯贝德(Sutume Kebede)近两分钟。A. youngest最年轻的；B. tallest最高的；C. closest最靠近的；D. smartest最聪明的。根据上文“nearly two minutes ahead”可知此处应是指最靠近的，故选C。 49．C。句意：令人印象深刻的是，Chepngetich跑得如此之快，以至于在马拉松比赛的大部分时间里，她都和比赛中跑得最快的男子一起跑。A. Obviously显然地；B. Naturally自然地；C. Impressively令人印象深刻地；D. Luckily幸运地。根据下文“Chepngetich was going so fast that for much of the marathon”可知，Chepngetich跑得如此之快，应该给人很深刻的印象，故选C。 50．B。句意同上。A. against反对；B. alongside与……一起；C. without没有；D. towards朝向。根据上文“Chepngetich was going so fast that for much of the marathon”和下文“Actually, only nine men finished the marathon ahead of her”可知，她都和跑得最快的男子们在一起跑，故选B。 51．D。句意：实际上，只有9名男子在她之前完成了马拉松比赛，这让许多人感到惊讶，他们认为女性不可能在2小时10分钟内完成马拉松比赛。A. satisfying使满意；B. disappointing使失望；C. frightening使惊恐；D. surprising使惊奇。根据下文“many people who thought a marathon time of under 2：10 was impossible for a woman”和上文可知，Chepngetich在这个时间内完成马拉松，是令很多人感到惊讶的，故选D。 52．B。句意：“我为自己感到骄傲，” Chepngetich说。A. curious about对……好奇；B. proud of为……而骄傲；C. interested in对……感兴趣；D. responsible for为……负责。根据前文后下文“She__53__$100，000 for winning the race, and a(n)__54__$50，000 for setting a new record.”可知，Chepngetich打破了世界纪录还赢得了比赛，所以应该是感到骄傲，故选B。 53．D。句意：她因赢得比赛而获得10万美元，并因创造新纪录而获得额外的5万美元。A. borrowed借；B. saved节约；C. donated捐赠；D. earned赚，赢得。根据下文“$100，000 for winning the race”可知是赢得奖金，故选D。 54．A。句意同上。A. extra额外的；B. unique唯一的；C. free免费的；D. economic经济的。根据上文“She__53__$100，000 for winning the race”可知，她因赢得比赛而获得10万美元，因创造新纪录而获得的5万美元是额外的奖励，故选A。 55．D。句意：在男子比赛中，肯尼亚选手约翰·科里尔以2：02：44的成绩夺冠，埃塞俄比亚选手穆罕默德·埃萨以2：04：39的成绩紧随其后。A. mastered掌握；B. inspired鼓励；C. admired钦佩；D. followed跟随。对比“2：02：44”和“2：04：39”这两个时间，可知是此处指紧随其后，故选D。 Passage 2 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 （24-25学年高一上·湖南郴州市·期末） Last November, at 4 am, a fire broke out on the second floor of an apartment building in Columbus, Ohio. With the thick smoke adding to his ____41____, Brian Smith managed to ____42____ from the third-story window with his elder child, using a safety rope. Knowing his wife and newborn baby were trapped inside only made his worry worse. Corey Boykin, who lived across the street from the apartment, ____43____ something was wrong. He got up and looked out of the window, seeing black smoke from the apartment and a man trying to catch something. Immediately, he called 911 and ____44____ to help. With his help, Smith’s wife and his baby came to safety, too. Then, Smith hurriedly ____45____ doors of the residents on the first floor to ____46____ them. He tried to get to the second floor, but the smoke was too ____47____ to see or breathe. He had to turn back to the outside. Meanwhile, seeing people standing by the window, he and Boykin quickly fetched a ladder to ____48____ them and guide them through the smoke. “I tried to walk out of the front ____49____, but a big cloud hit me. The smoke was unbearable. I couldn’t breathe,” resident Chase Ray told 10 TV, “They _____50_____ my life, for sure.” Thanks to their timely help, there was no _____51_____ before the firefighters arrived. Besides the immediate rescue, Boykin helped others by offering them a _____52_____ to stay in and things they needed. “We gave them clothes, shoes, _____53_____ we had,” he said. When asked whether he was _____54_____, he said that if he faced such an emergency again, he would still help others without _____55_____, even if it would risk his life. 41. A. anger B. anxiety C. courage D. comfort 42. A. suffer B. result C. escape D. differ 43 A. expected B. knew C. predicted D. noticed 44 A. rushed out B. broke out C. hung out D. turned out 45. A. fixed B. kicked C. locked D. counted 46. A. scold B. attack C. forbid D. inform 47. A. thin B. heavy C. clear D. bright 48. A. reach B. amuse C. contact D. operate 49. A. lift B. hole C. door D. building 50. A. quit B. affected C. improved D. saved 51. A. injury B. response C. reflection D. influence 52. A. stage B. situation C. shelter D. position 53. A. however B. whatever C. wherever D. whichever 54. A. frightened B. confused C. satisfied D. excited 55. A. exception B. permission C. hesitation D. recognition 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主要介绍了一栋大楼着火以后Smith和Boykin想方设法帮助被困在大楼里的人摆脱危险的事情。 【解析】 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着浓烟增加了他的焦虑，Brian Smith和他的大孩子使用安全绳设法从三楼的窗户逃脱。A. anger愤怒；B. anxiety焦虑；C. courage勇气；D. comfort舒适。根据下文“Knowing his wife and newborn baby were trapped inside only made his worry worse.”可知他的妻子和刚出生的孩子还被困楼里，所以浓烟增加了他的焦虑。故选B。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. suffer遭受；B. result导致；C. escape逃离；D. differ不同于。根据下文“using a safety rope”可知使用安全绳设法从三楼的窗户逃脱。故选C。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：住在公寓对面的科里·博伊金（Corey Boykin）注意到有些不对劲。A. expected期盼；B. knew知道；C. predicted预测；D. noticed注意。根据下文“He got up and looked out of the window, seeing black smoke from the apartment and a man trying to catch something.”可知这是住在公寓对面的科里·博伊金（Corey Boykin）注意到的情况。故选D。 【44题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他立即拨打911，冲出去帮忙。A. rushed out冲出去；B. broke out爆发；C. hung out闲逛；D. turned out结果是。根据下文“Immediately, he called 911”和下文“to help”可知是Corey Boykin发现浓烟立马打911并且冲出去帮忙。故选A。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，Smith赶紧踢开一楼住户的门，通知他们。A. fixed修理；B. kicked踢；C. locked锁；D. counted数数。根据下文“doors of the residents on the first floor”可知Corey Boykin发现着火，应该是着急通知一楼居民，所以应该是踢门。故选B。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. scold责骂；B. attack攻击；C. forbid禁止；D. inform通知。根据上文可知公寓着火了和“doors of the residents on the first floor”可知是要通知一楼居民。故选D。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他试图爬到二楼，但浓烟太大，看不见也无法呼吸。A. thin薄的；B. heavy浓的；C. clear清晰的；D. bright明亮的。根据下文“to see or breathe”和“too…to…”句型可知是浓烟，所以看不见也无法呼吸。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，他看到有人站在窗边，他和Boykin迅速搬来梯子，引导他们穿过烟雾。A. reach够到；B. amuse使娱乐；C. contact联系；D. operate操作。根据上文“seeing people standing by the window, he and Boykin quickly fetched a ladder”可知Smith看到公寓窗边的人，所以搬来梯子可以够到他们，帮他们逃离着火的公寓。故选A。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我想从前门走出去，但是一大片云击中了我。烟雾令人难以忍受。我无法呼吸，”居民蔡斯·雷告诉10电视台，“他们救了我的命，这是肯定的。”A. lift电梯；B. hole洞；C. door门；D. building建筑。根据下文“The smoke was unbearable. I couldn’t breathe”可知烟雾太浓，无法呼吸，所以应该是没办法从门走出去。故选C。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. quit放弃；B. affected影响；C. improved提高；D. saved挽救。根据上文“Meanwhile, seeing people standing by the window, he and Boykin quickly fetched a ladder to ____48____ them and guide them through the smoke.”可知是Smith和Boykin救了这些居民的命。故选D。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了他们的及时帮助，在消防员到达之前没有人受伤。A. injury损伤；B. response回应；C. reflection反射；D. influence影响。根据上文“Thanks to their timely help”可知是多亏了他们的及时帮助，在消防员到达之前没有人受伤。故选A。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了立即救援外，Boykin还帮助其他人，为他们提供住所和所需的东西。A. stage舞台；B. situation情况；C. shelter避难所；D. position位置。根据下文“stay in”可知是提供了避难所。故选C。 【53题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：“我们给他们衣服、鞋子，我们所有的东西，”他说。A. however不管怎样；B. whatever无论什么，所有东西；C. wherever无论哪里；D. whichever无论哪个。根据上文“We gave them clothes, shoes”可知是所有的东西。故选B。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当被问及是否害怕时，他说如果再遇到这样的紧急情况，他仍然会毫不犹豫地帮助别人，即使冒着生命危险。A. frightened害怕的；B. confused困惑的；C. satisfied满意的；D. excited兴奋的。根据下文“he said that if he faced such an emergency again, he would still help others without ____55____, even if it would risk his life.”可知是被问及是否害怕时候，Boykin回答即使冒生命危险，也会帮助别人。故选A。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. exception例外；B. permission允许；C. hesitation犹豫；D. recognition认出。根据下文“even if it would risk his life”可知还是会毫不犹豫地帮助别人。故选C。 Passage 3 人与自我——生活与学习 （24-25学年高一上·湖南怀化市·期末） A wheelchair has not become a barrier (障碍) for 55-year-old Zhang Ji who has visited 450 revolutionary sites across China in the past six years. Zhang was ___41___ by genetic factors and at the age of 6, he developed Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a (n) ___42___ that few people have. Despite his illness, Zhang’s early exposure (接触) to ___43___ stories greatly shaped his viewpoint. “My father used to show me several biographies (传记) of disabled individuals like Helen Keller. I ___44___ similar books to read and became more and more ___45___,” he recalled. Zhang’s mother also influenced Zhang’s ___46___ towards life. “While the body may suffer from illnesses, the mind should be filled with ___47___,” he said. Zhang’s love for history ___48___ led him to the idea of visiting revolutionary sites across the country. He started this ambitious visit in 2017, accompanied by his ___49___ wife. Every visit was recorded with a camera brought by Zhang, ___50___ over 40,000 photos, among which he chose nearly 500 for a book titled Forward. Due to muscle weakness, sometimes he has to hold up the ___51___ with his nose. When asked “why not use a mobile phone or ask your wife for ___52___?”, Zhang said that he ___53___ the view through the camera and believed that photography is a form of expression. On World ALS Day in 2017 and 2018, Zhang ___54___ his photography work and collections. This year, again he donated his collection of books to the Xujiahui Street Library. “Life is too short. We need to broaden our horizons and ___55___ ourselves. Travel ten thousand miles and read ten thousand books,” said Zhang. 41. A. warned B. affected C. chosen D. confused 42. A. conflict B. potential C. condition D. opportunity 43. A. horrible B. romantic C. inspirational D. dramatic 44. A. sought out B. turned down C. sold out D. made up 45. A. energetic B. awkward C. humorous D. confident 46. A. attitude B. concern C. explanation D. anxiety 47. A. challenges B. sunshine C. regret D. imagination 48. A. suddenly B. extremely C. normally D. eventually 49. A. generous B. worried C. curious D. supportive 50. A. increasing B. reducing C. taking D. decorating 51. A. book B. camera C. mobile phone D. collection 52. A. care B. money C. help D. advice 53. A. refused B. enjoyed C. disliked D. ignored 54. A. donated B. bought C. sold D. threw 55. A. entertain B. enlarge C. encourage D. enrich 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. C 44. A 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. D 49. D 50. C 51. B 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. D 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了张戟虽然身患罕见疾病，但仍坚持访问中国各地的革命遗址，并通过摄影记录自己的经历，传递正能量的故事。 【解析】 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：张戟受遗传因素影响，在6岁时患上了夏科-马里-图斯病，这是一种很少有人患上的疾病。A. warned 警告；B. affected 影响；C. chosen 选择；D. confused 困惑。根据语意和后文的“few people have”可推测张戟的疾病是受遗传影响。故选B项。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：张戟受遗传因素影响，在6岁时患上了夏科-马里-图斯病，这是一种很少有人患上的疾病。A. conflict 矛盾；B. potential 潜力；C. condition 状况；D. opportunity 机会。分析句子成分可知，“that few people have”是对设空处的修饰限定，设空处所在的整句话是对disease的解释说明，所以“患上罕见的疾病”就是张戟的身体状况。故选C项。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管身患疾病，但张戟早期接触到的励志故事极大地塑造了他的观点。A. horrible 恐怖的；B.romantic 浪漫的；C.inspirational 激励人的；D. dramatic 急剧的。根据后文“My father used to show me several biographies of disabled individuals like Helen Keller”提到了海伦凯勒的故事，可推测他接触到的故事是激励人的。故选C项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我找来类似的书读，并且变得越来越自信，”他回忆道。A.sought out 寻找；B. turned down 拒绝；C. sold out 售罄；D. made up 组成。根据前文“My father used to show me several biographies of disabled individuals like Helen Keller”可知，他的父亲向他展示过激励人的书，所以本句话中顺承的事件是他继续激励人的书读。故选A项。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我找来类似的书读，并且变得越来越自信，”他回忆道。A. energetic 有活力的；B. awkward 尴尬的；C. humorous幽默的；D.confident 自信的。根据前文“My father used to show me several biographies of disabled individuals like Helen Keller”可知，张戟读了和他一样的残疾人的故事后，受到鼓励，因此变得越来越自信。故选D项。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：张戟的母亲也影响了他对生活的态度。A. attitude 态度；B. concern 担心；C. explanation 解释；D.anxiety 焦虑。根据文章第二段中内容可知，张戟受到父亲推荐故事的影响，对生活自信，结合空前“Zhang’s mother also influenced ”可知，此处表达的是母亲也对孩子有影响，联系上文，父亲对孩子态度的影响，可推测此处也是表达母亲对孩子生活态度的影响。故选A项。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说，“虽然身体可能饱受疾病之苦，但心灵应该充满阳光。”A. challenges 挑战；B. sunshine 阳光；C. regret 后悔；D. imagination 想象。根据前文的“While”可知，空处所在的句子和while后面的句子应该构成转折关系，即虽然身体遭受痛苦，而心灵也要充满阳光。故选B项。 【48题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：张戟对历史的热爱最终促使他萌生了参观全国各地革命遗址的念头。A. suddenly 突然；B. extremely 极其； C. normally正常；D. eventually 最终。结合第二段“My father used to show me several biographies of disabled individuals like Helen Keller”和空前的信息可知，张戟受到父母的积极影响，因此最终萌生了参观全国各地革命遗址的念头。故选D项。 【49题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他于2017年开始了这次雄心勃勃的访问，支持他的妻子陪伴着他。A. generous 慷慨的；B. worried 担忧的；C. curious 好奇的；D. supportive支持的。根据空格前的accompanied 可知，妻子陪伴他，所以支持他旅行。故选D项。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：张戟用带来的相机记录了每次访问，拍摄了4万多张照片，并从中挑选了近500张照片出版了一本名为《向前进》的书。A. increasing 增加；B.reducing 减少；C. taking 拍摄；D. decorating 装饰。根据上文“Every visit was recorded with a camera brought by Zhang ”可知，拍照符合语境。故选C项。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于肌肉无力，有时他不得不用鼻子支撑着相机。A. book 书；B. camera 相机；C. mobile phone 手机；D. collection 收藏。根据根据上文“Every visit was recorded with a camera brought by Zhang ”可知，张戟用相机记录参观地，因此此处举起来的应该是相机。故选B项。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由被问及“为什么不用手机拍照或让妻子帮忙拍照呢？”时，张戟说他更青睐通过相机取景，并且认为摄影是一种表达方式。A.care 关爱；B. money 金钱；C. help 帮助；D. advice 建议。根据上文 “Due to muscle weakness ”可知，张戟拍照很费劲，因此此处应该是被问到为什么不向妻子寻求帮助。故选C项。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：被问及 “为什么不用手机拍照或让妻子帮忙拍照？”，张戟说他更青睐通过相机取景，并且认为摄影是一种表达方式。A. refused 拒绝；B. enjoyed 喜爱；C. disliked 不喜欢；D.ignored 忽视。根据后文 “and believed that photography is a form of expression”可知，张戟认为影是一种表达方式，由此推测他喜欢用相机取景。故选B项。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：被问及 “为什么不用手机拍照或让妻子帮忙拍照？”，张戟说他更青睐通过相机取景，并且认为摄影是一种表达方式。A. donated 捐赠；B. bought 买；C. sold 卖；D.threw 扔。根据后文“This year, again he donated his collection of books to the Xujiahui Street Library”可知，张戟捐赠过他的东西，可推测此处捐赠了摄影作品。故选A项。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们需要拓宽视野且丰富自我。读万卷书行万里路。A. entertain 娱乐；B. enlarge 扩大；C. encourage 鼓励；D.enrich 丰富。根据后文“Travel ten thousand miles and read ten thousand books”可知，张戟指的是我们需要丰富自我。故选D项。 Passage 4 人与自我——生活与学习 （24-25学年高一上·湖南湘潭市·期末） Some youths may not know what to do in the future. However, a young Sherpa from Nepal successfully ____41____ his goal in October by climbing the 8,027-meter Mount Shishapangma. There are 14 mountains ____42____ as the “8,000ers”, for each of them is at least 8,000 meters tall. Climbing all 14 is such a great ____43____ that only a few dozen people have ____44____ to complete it. Sherpas are a group of people from Nepal who ____45____ for their climbing skills. They often ____46____ as guides. The young man’s father is a famous climber, and his ____47____ climbed all of the “8,000ers”, so his family members have given him strong ____48____. But even so, he didn’t ____49____ climbing seriously until he was old enough. He climbed his first “8,000er”, Mount Manaslu, in August, 2022. He _____50_____ to climb Shishapangma last year. But an avalanche (雪崩) happened at the time. He stopped his climb. _____51_____, he focused on rescuing other climbers. The young man’s success has already been _____52_____ by Nepal’s government. It will take a while longer for him to get a(n) _____53_____ certificate (证书). He hopes his successes will make people more _____54_____ of how important Sherpas are to climbing. But he aims to be more than a _____55_____ like his father. He wants to show that Sherpas are as good as climbers from any other country. 41. A. fought B. built C. completed D. kept 42. A. known B. dressed C. imagined D. appreciated 43. A. hobby B. challenge C. task D. burden 44. A. decided B. attempted C. managed D. intended 45. A. make up B. go through C. show off D. stand out 46. A. work B. train C. teach D. volunteer 47. A. neighbors B. uncles C. friends D. partners 48. A. relief B. service C. dream D. support 49. A. cut away B. give up C. set about D. apply for 50. A. scheduled B. forgot C. pretended D. struggled 51. A. Moreover B. Instead C. Sadly D. Luckily 52. A. promoted B. conducted C. confirmed D. destroyed 53. A. popular B. official C. attractive D. public 54. A. anxious B. curious C. annoyed D. aware 55. A. traveler B. hero C. failure D. guide 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位来自尼泊尔的年轻夏尔巴人成功攀登8027米的希夏邦马峰，完成了攀登所有14座8000米以上山峰的挑战，他的成功得到了尼泊尔政府的认可，他希望自己的成功能让人们更加意识到夏尔巴人对攀登的重要性。 【解析】 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，10月，一名来自尼泊尔的年轻夏尔巴人成功登顶8027米的希夏邦马峰，完成了他的目标。A. fought战斗；B. built建造；C. completed完成；D. kept保持。根据下文“his goal in October by climbing the 8,027-meter Mount Shishapangma”可知，这位年轻的夏尔巴人完成了登顶的目标。故选C。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有14座山峰被称为“8000米山峰”，因为每一座都至少有8000米高。A. known知道；B. dressed给……穿衣；C. imagined想象；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“as the “8,000ers””可知，这14座山峰被称为“8000米山峰”，应用be known as“被称为”。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：攀登这14座山峰是一项巨大的挑战，只有几十人成功完成了这一壮举。A. hobby爱好；B. challenge挑战；C. task任务；D. burden负担。根据下文“that only a few dozen people have ____4____ to complete it.”可知，攀登这14座山峰是一项巨大的挑战。故选B。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：攀登这14座山峰是一项巨大的挑战，只有几十人成功完成了这一壮举。A. decided决定；B. attempted尝试；C. managed设法完成；D. intended打算。根据上文“that only a few dozen people have”可知，只有几十人成功完成了这一壮举，应用manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”。故选C。 【45题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：夏尔巴人是尼泊尔的一群人，他们以攀登技能而出名。A. make up组成；B. go through经历；C. show off炫耀；D. stand out突出。根据下文“for their climbing skills”可知，夏尔巴人以攀登技能而出名。故选D。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们经常当向导。A. work工作；B. train训练；C. teach教学；D. volunteer自愿。根据下文“as guides”可知，此处指当向导。固定短语work as，表示“充当，担任”。故选A。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人的父亲是一位著名的登山者，他的叔叔们爬遍了所有的“8000米山峰”，所以他的家人给了他很大的支持。A. neighbors邻居；B. uncles叔叔；C. friends朋友；D. partners伙伴。根据下文“his family members”可知，年轻人的叔叔们爬遍了所有的“8000米山峰”。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人的父亲是一位著名的登山者，他的叔叔们爬遍了所有的“8000米山峰”，所以他的家人给了他很大的支持。A. relief宽慰；B. service服务；C. dream梦想；D. support支持。根据上文“The young man’s father is a famous climber, and his ____47____ climbed all of the “8,000ers””可知，他的家人们都爬遍了所有的“8000米山峰”，因此家人给了他很大的支持。故选D。 【49题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但即便如此，直到他长到足够大，他才开始认真攀登。A. cut away切掉；B. give up放弃；C. set about开始；D. apply for申请。根据下文“climbing seriously until he was old enough”可知，此处指开始认真攀登。故选C。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他计划在去年攀登希夏邦马峰。A. scheduled安排；B. forgot忘记；C. pretended假装；D. struggled挣扎。根据下文“to climb Shishapangma last year”可知，这位年轻人计划在去年攀登希夏邦马峰。故选A。 【51题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他专注于营救其他登山者。A. Moreover而且；B. Instead相反；C. Sadly悲伤地；D. Luckily幸运地。根据上文“He stopped his climb.”以及下文“he focused on rescuing other climbers.”可知，他停止了攀登，相反去营救其他登山者。故选B。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人的成功已经得到了尼泊尔政府的确认。A. promoted促进；B. conducted实施；C. confirmed确认；D. destroyed摧毁。根据后文“by Nepal’s government”可知，年轻人的成功已经得到了尼泊尔政府的确认。故选C。 【53题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他要过一段时间才能得到官方证书。A. popular受欢迎的；B. official官方的；C. attractive吸引人的；D. public公开的。根据上文“The young man’s success has already been ____52____ by Nepal’s government.”及下文“certificate”可知，此处指官方证书。故选B。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他希望他的成功能让人们更加意识到夏尔巴人对攀登的重要性。A. anxious焦虑的；B. curious好奇的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. aware意识到的。根据后文“of how important Sherpas are to climbing”可知，他希望人们更加意识到夏尔巴人对攀登的重要性。故选D。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他的目标不仅仅是像他父亲那样成为一名向导。A. traveler旅行者；B. hero英雄；C. failure失败；D. guide向导。根据上文“They often ____46____ as guides”以及下文“like his father”可知，此处是信息词guide的词汇复现。故选D。 Passage 5 人与自我——生活与学习 （24-25学年高一上·湖南益阳市·期末） Ramyai, now 45, though a successful businesswoman, is learning to read and write alongside students who are nearly 35 years ____41____ than she is. Ramyai attends a school in Ilorin, in Nigeria’s western Kwara state. She wears the same ____42____ as hundreds of girls at the school. As a child, Ramyai worked in her aunt’s shop instead of ____43____ school. She now ____44____ her own business making and selling purses and bags. But she believes her inability to read or write is ____45____ her from going further. Therefore, she ____46____ to attend school two years ago, but the school closed because of the COVID-19. Schools ____47____ this January after things returned to normal and Ramyai ____48____ got her chance. Ramyai’s teacher, Nasrat Busari, said she did not appear ____49____ about the age difference with other students. “She has been _____50_____ along with them well: playing together, talking together and discussing things together,” he said. Ramyai’s daughter, Shola Adeboye, said she was _____51_____ about it at first. However, she supported her mother’s efforts later. “She has always wanted to be _____52_____ but she couldn’t (until now),” Adeboye said. Ramyai still makes bags and purses after finishing classes. A helper serves her _____53_____ in her shop during school hours. She plans to _____54_____ her education for four more years, saying it will make a _____55_____ to her business. 41. A. better B. smaller C. younger D. older 42. A. jacket B. uniform C. trousers D. sweater 43. A. skipping B. hosting C. leaving D. attending 44. A. joins B. changes C. runs D. deserts 45. A. protecting B. preventing C. saving D. sparing 46. A. signed up B. broke up C. opened up D. tidied up 47. A. reopened B. recreated C. rebuilt D. retold 48. A. quickly B. originally C. eventually D. briefly 49. A. satisfied B. worried C. surprised D. excited 50. A. getting B. walking C. coming D. chatting 51. A. creative B. supportive C. active D. negative 52. A. respected B. attacked C. educated D. memorized 53. A. customers B. classmates C. daughters D. teachers 54. A. escape B. continue C. stop D. comfort 55. A. choice B. response C. mistake D. difference 【答案】41. C 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. A 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了45岁的商人Ramyai直到最近才开始上学。穿着与学校的其他女生一样的制服，Ramyai在与比她年轻近35岁的学生一起学习阅读和写作。虽然年龄差距很大，但她对此并不感到羞耻。她认为自己不会读写正阻碍了她的发展。 【41题详解】 考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：现年45岁的Ramyai虽然是一位成功的女商人，但她正在和比她小将近35岁的学生一起学习阅读和写作。A. better更好的；B. smaller更小的；C. younger更年轻的；D. older更老的。根据前文“Ramyai, now 45, though a successful businesswoman, is learning to read and write alongside students who are nearly 35 years”和后文“than she is”可知，此处是将45岁的Ramyai与其他学生年龄进行比较，此处指她比其他学生年纪大，所以其他学生比她“更年轻”。故选C项。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她和学校里几百个女生穿着一样的校服。A. jacket夹克衫；B. uniform校服；C. trousers裤子；D. sweater毛衣。根据后文“as hundreds of girls at the school”可知，此处指她和学校其他女生穿着一样的校服。故选B项。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩提时代，Ramyai没有上学，而是在阿姨的商店里打工。A. skipping跳过，略过；B. hosting主持；C. leaving离开；D. attending上（学）。根据后文“school”可知，此处指上学，attend school为固定搭配，意为“上学”。故选D项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她现在经营着自己的生意，制作和销售钱包和包。A. joins加入；B. changes改变；C. runs经营；D. deserts遗弃。根据后文“her own business making and selling purses and bags”可知，此处指她经营着一家生意。run one’s own business为固定搭配，意为“经营自己的生意”。故选C项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她认为她不会读写阻止了她走得更远。 A. protecting保护；B. preventing阻止，阻碍；C. saving拯救；D. sparing抽出。根据上文“her inability to read or write ”和后文“her from going further”可知，此处指阻止了她走得更远。prevent sb. from doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“阻止某人做某事”。故选B项。 【46题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：因此，她在两年前报名上学，但学校因新冠肺炎而关闭。A. signed up报名；B. broke up分手；C. opened up打开；D. tidied up整理。根据后文“to attend school two years ago”可知，此处指报名上学。故选A项。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年1月，一切恢复正常后，学校重新开放，Ramyai最终得到了机会。A. reopened重新开放；B. recreated再创造；C. rebuilt重建；D. retold复述。根据后文“after things returned to normal”可知，此处指恢复正常后学校重新开放。故选A项。 【48题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. quickly快速地；B. originally起初地；C. eventually最终；D. briefly简短地。根据前文“but the school closed because of the COVID-19”可知，此处指最终得到了上学的机会。故选C项。 【49题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ramyai的老师Nasrat Busari说，她似乎并不担心与其他学生的年龄差距。A. satisfied满意的；B. worried担心的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. excited兴奋的。根据后文“about the age difference with other students”和“ playing together, talking together and discussing things together”可知，此处指她不担心与其他学生的年龄差距。be worried about为固定搭配，意为“担心”。故选B项。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说，“她和他们相处得很好，一起玩耍，一起聊天，一起讨论事情”。A. getting开始有进展，变得；B. walking走路；C. coming来；D. chatting聊天。根据后文“playing together, talking together and discussing things together”可知，此处指相处得很好。get along with为固定搭配，意为“与……相处”。故选A项。 【51题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ramyai的女儿Shola Adeboye说，她一开始对此持否定态度。A. creative创造性的；B. supportive支持的；C. active积极的；D. negative否定的。根据后文“However, she supported her mother’s efforts later.”可知，此处指女儿一开始持否定态度。故选D项。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Adeboye说：“她一直想接受教育，但（直到现在）她才实现。”A. respected尊重；B. attacked袭击；C. educated教育；D. memorized记住。根据前文“Ramyai, now 45, though a successful businesswoman, is learning to read and write alongside students ”推知，此处指母亲一直想接受教育。故选C项。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在上课时间，一名帮手在店里为顾客服务。A. customers顾客；B. classmates同学；C. daughters女儿；D. teachers老师。根据后文“in her shop during school hours”推知，此处指在学校上课期间有人为顾客服务。故选A项。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她计划再继续学习四年，说这将对她的生意产生影响。A. escape逃跑；B. continue继续；C. stop停止；D. comfort安慰。根据后文“her education for four more years”可知，此处指计划再继续学习四年。故选B项。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. choice选择；B. response反应；C. mistake错误；D. difference不同。根据前文“She plans to ____54____ her education for four more years, saying it will make a”和后文“to her business”可知，此处指她继续学习四年会对她的生意产生影响。make a difference为固定搭配，意为“产生影响”。故选D项。 Passage 6 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 （24-25学年高一上·湖南永州市·期末） Last week in Berlin, I found myself waiting at a bus stop late in the evening. According to the ____41____, a bus was supposed to arrive shortly, but minutes went by and no bus ____42____. The streets were quiet, and the wind began to pick up, ____43____ to my impatience. As I thought over whether to take an Uber or walk to the next stop, a young man ____44____ me and asked in English, “I’ve been waiting for half an hour. Can you ____45____ that sign?” He seemed disappointed. He quickly opened Google Translate on his phone and asked me to read the letters out loud while he ____46____ them in. After a brief moment, we got the ____47____ — the bus stop had been moved to a completely different street. Without hesitation, we decided to ____48____ there together. Why do many of us find it ____49____ to reach out to others when we face challenges? Perhaps it’s because we’ve been taught that being ____50____ is something to struggle for. To a certain degree, that’s indeed true. However, sometimes we take this mindset too ____51____. Realizing that relying on one another and seeking help can actually be ____52____ of wisdom, sympathy, modesty, and foresight is important. In our daily lives, ____53____ help when we notice others in distress and gracefully allowing ourselves to ____54____ it from others create blessed moments. These exchanges ____55____ us of the importance of connection and support from each other. It’s in these shared experiences that we find true strength and comfort. 41. A. plan B. schedule C. map D. path 42. A. showed up B. slowed down C. speeded up D. went away 43. A. adapting B. rising C. adding D. pointing 44. A. saw B. watched C. noticed D. approached 45. A. read B. recall C. recollect D. recognize 46. A. pressed B. gathered C. typed D. took 47. A. proposal B. translation C. location D. solution 48. A. escape B. ride C. drive D. walk 49. A. easy B. tough C. enjoyable D. natural 50. A. concerned B. confident C. independent D. brave 51. A. extreme B. positive C. negative D. common 52. A. unities B. angles C. factors D. signs 53. A. offering B. seeking C. expecting D. receiving 54. A. ignore B. refuse C. receive D. desire 55. A. cure B. remind C. rid D. warn 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. A 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. A 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者的个人经历探讨了人们在面对困难时互助的重要性，以及这种互助如何成为我们获取力量和安慰的源泉。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据时刻表，一辆公共汽车应该很快就到，但几分钟过去了，公共汽车没有出现。A. plan计划；B. schedule时刻表，日程安排；C. map地图；D. path道路。根据上文“Last week in Berlin, I found myself waiting at a bus stop late in the evening.(上周在柏林，我发现自己在一个公共汽车站等了很晚)”以及后文“a bus was supposed to arrive shortly”可知，作者是在看时刻表，根据时刻表，一辆公共汽车应该很快就到，故选B。 【42题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：根据时刻表，一辆公共汽车应该很快就到，但几分钟过去了，公共汽车没有出现。A. showed up出现；B. slowed down减速；C. speeded up加速；D. went away离开。根据上文“a bus was supposed to arrive shortly, but minutes went by and no bus”中but表示转折，说明几分钟过去了，公共汽车没有出现。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：街上很安静，风开始刮起来，这使我更加不耐烦了。A. adapting适应；B. rising上升；C. adding增加；D. pointing指着。根据上文“The streets were quiet, and the wind began to pick up”可知，公交车没有来，起风增加了作者的不耐烦程度，故选C。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我考虑是打车还是步行到下一站时，一个年轻人走过来用英语问我：“我已经等了半个小时了。”A. saw看见；B. watched观看；C. noticed注意到；D. approached靠近。根据后文“me and asked in English, “I’ve been waiting for half an hour.”指年轻人靠近作者询问情况。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你能读懂那个标志吗？”他似乎很失望。A. read阅读，读懂；B. recall回想起；C. recollect回忆，想起；D. recognize认识，辨别出。根据后文“that sign”以及“He quickly opened Google Translate on his phone and asked me to read the letters out loud”可知，年轻人询问作者能否读懂公交站上的标志牌，应用read。故选A。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他迅速打开手机上的谷歌翻译，让我大声读出来标志牌上的字母，同时他把字母输入。A. pressed按压；B. gathered聚集；C. typed打字；D. took带走。根据上文“He quickly opened Google Translate on his phone”可知，指打开谷歌翻译，开始打字，输入标志牌上的字母，翻译标志。故选C。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，我们得到了翻译——公交车站被搬到了完全不同的一条街上。A. proposal提议；B. translation翻译；C. location位置；D. solution解决方案。根据后文“the bus stop had been moved to a completely different street”可知，他们得到了谷歌翻译给出的翻译，故选B。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们毫不犹豫地决定一起走过去。A. escape逃走；B. ride骑车；C. drive驾驶；D. walk步行。根据上文“As I thought over whether to take an Uber or walk to the next stop”以及后文“there together”可知，他们决定一起走到新的站点。故选D。 【49题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为什么当我们面临挑战时，我们中的许多人发现很难向他人伸出援手？A. easy容易的；B. tough艰难的；C. enjoyable令人愉快的；D. natural自然的。根据下文“Perhaps it’s because we’ve been taught that being __50___ is something to struggle for.”以及“However, sometimes we take this mindset too __51___. Realizing that relying on one another and seeking help can actually be ___52___ of wisdom, sympathy, modesty, and foresight is important.”可知，提到我们一直被教导要努力追求独立，所以当我们面临挑战时，我们中的许多人发现向他人求助很难。故选B。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：或许是因为我们一直被教导要追求独立。A. concerned担心的；B. confident自信的；C. independent独立的；D. brave勇敢的。根据后文“However, sometimes we take this mindset too __41___. Realizing that relying on one another and seeking help can actually be ___42___ of wisdom, sympathy, modesty, and foresight is important.”可知，此处指一直被教导要努力独立。故选C。 【51题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，有时我们把这种心态看得太极端了。A. extreme极端的；B. positive积极的；C. negative消极的；D. common共同的，常见的。根据上文“To a certain degree, that’s indeed true. However, sometimes we take this mindset too”中however表示转折，说明在某种程度上，努力独立是对的，但是有时我们把这种心态看得太极端了。故选A。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：认识到相互依赖和寻求帮助实际上是智慧、同情、谦虚和远见的标志是很重要的。A. unities统一性，一致性；B. angles角度；C. factors因素；D. signs标志，迹象。根据后文“of wisdom, sympathy, modesty, and foresight”可知，指认识到相互依赖和寻求帮助实际上是智慧、同情、谦虚和远见的标志，即相互帮助和寻求帮助体现出一些特质或品质：智慧、同情、谦虚。故选D。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们的日常生活中，当我们注意到别人处于困境时提供帮助，并优雅地允许自己从别人那里接受帮助，会创造幸福的时刻。A. offering提供；B. seeking寻找；C. expecting期待；D. receiving收到。根据后文“help when we notice others in distress”可知，此处指注意到别人处于困境时提供帮助，故选A。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们的日常生活中，当我们注意到别人处于困境时提供帮助，并优雅地允许自己从别人那里接受帮助，会创造幸福的时刻。A. ignore忽视；B. refuse拒绝；C. receive收到，接受；D. desire渴望。后文“it from others create blessed moments”中it指代上文help，此处指允许自己从别人那里接受帮助，故选C。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些交流提醒我们相互联系和相互支持的重要性。A. cure治愈；B. remind提醒；C. rid摆脱；D. warn警告。根据后文“us of the importance of connection and support from each other”以及下文“It’s in these shared experiences that we find true strength and comfort.”可知，此处指这些交流（互相帮助）提醒我们相互联系和相互支持的重要性，为短语remind sb. of sth.。故选B。 Passage 7 人与自我——生活与学习 （24-25学年高一上·湖南张家界市·期末） Dear Seth, You are only three years old, and at this point in your life you are not able to understand this letter. But some day when you ____41____, I hope you will find something ____42____ in what I am going to share with you. Life can be ____43____. There will be people in your life who won’t be very nice. They’ll ____44____ you because you are different, or for no good reason. You will also face heartbreak and might be ____45____ by those you love. I hope you don’t have to face these too much. But such things ____46____. Be open to life anyway. You’ll find cruelty (残忍) and ____47____ in your journey through life, but don’t let that prevent you from finding new things. Don’t retreat (退却) from life, and don’t hide or ____48____ yourself off. Be open to new things, new experiences and new people. You will ____49____ many times, but if you allow that to stop you from trying, you will _____50_____ many chances. Do remember failure is a stepping stone to success . You will meet many people who will try to do _____51_____ than you, in school, in college, and at work. They’ll try to have nicer cars, bigger houses, nicer clothes, and so on… To them, life is a competition. However, I believe life is a _____52_____. If you always try your best to _____53_____ others, you are wasting your life. Learn to enjoy your life instead and you will make it a journey of _____54_____ of learning and of love. Finally, know that I love you and always will. You are _____55_____ a really wonderful journey, and I will always be there for you. Love Dad 41. A. cheer up B. grow up C. show up D. bring up 42. A. valuable B. familiar C. normal D. novel 43. A. flexible B. limited C. unkind D. equal 44. A. run after B. look at C. look after D. laugh at 45. A. impressed B. hurt C. found D. accepted 46. A. happen B. work C. matter D. disappear 47. A. hope B. difference C. pain D. luck 48. A. see B. wall C. shake D. cover 49. A. escape B. prepare C. fail D. seek 50. A. meet B. enjoy C. take D. miss 51. A. better B. earlier C. less D. faster 52. A. course B. dream C. journey D. challenge 53. A. change B. follow C. beat D. pardon 54. A. regret B. patience C. quietness D. happiness 55. A. conducting B. permitting C. starting D. recognizing 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. B 46. A 47. C 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. C 53. C 54. D 55. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文是一位父亲写给女儿的信。教诲女儿要学会面对生活中的危险，不要退却，不要隐瞒，要勇敢地面对。 【解析】 【41题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是，当你长大后的某一天，我希望你能从我将要与你分享的东西中发现一些有价值的东西。A. cheer up欢呼，振奋起来；B. grow up长大；C. show up出现；D. bring up抚养。根据上文“You are only three years old, and at this point in your life you are not able to understand this letter.”提到Seth才三岁，此时还不能理解这封信，由此可知，此处应表示作者希望女儿长大后会理解。故选B项。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，当你长大后某一天，我希望你能从我将要与你分享的东西中发现一些有价值的东西。A. valuable有价值的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. normal正常的；D. novel新颖的。根据语境以及下文“what I am going to share with you”由此可知，此处应表示作者希望女儿在信中会发现一些有价值的事。故选A项。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生活有时可能是残酷的。A. flexible灵活的；B. limited有限的；C. unkind不友好的；D. equal平等的。根据下文“There will be people in your life who won’t be very nice.”提到生活中会有一些不太友好的人。由此可知，此处应表示生活可能是残酷的。故选C项。 【44题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们会因为你的与众不同而嘲笑你，或者毫无理由地嘲笑你。A. run after追赶；B. look at看着；C. look after照顾；D. laugh at嘲笑。根据下文“because you are different, or for no good reason.”可知，此处应表示他们会因为“你”的与众不同或毫无理由地嘲笑“你”。故选D项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你也会面临心碎，可能会被你爱的人伤害。A. impressed打动，使……印象深刻；B. hurt伤害；C. found发现；D. accepted接受。根据上文“You will also face heartbreak”提到会面临心碎，由此可知，此处应表示你可能会被你爱的人伤害。故选B项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这样的事情时有发生。A. happen发生；B. work工作；C. matter要紧的事；D. disappear消失。根据上文“I hope you don’t have to face these too much.”提到作者希望女儿不用面对太多，由此可推知，此处应表示这样的事情时有发生。故选A项。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在你的人生旅途中，你会遇到残酷和痛苦，但不要让这些阻碍你寻找新事物。A. hope希望；B. difference区别；C. pain痛苦；D. luck幸运。根据上文“You’ll find cruelty”以及下文“but don’t let that prevent you from finding new things.”可知，此处应表示你会遇到残酷和痛苦，但不要让这些阻碍你寻找新事物。故选C项。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要逃避生活，不要躲藏或封闭自己。A. see看见；B. wall把……关起来；C. shake摇摆；D. cover覆盖。根据上文“Don’t retreat from life”提到不要逃避生活，由此可知，此处应表示不要躲藏或封闭自己。故选B项。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你会失败很多次，但如果你让失败阻止你去尝试，你就会错过很多机会。A. escape逃脱；B. prepare准备；C. fail失败；D. seek寻找。根据下文“Do remember failure is a stepping stone to success.”提到失败是成功的垫脚石，由此可知，此处应表示你可能会失败很多次。故选C项。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你会失败很多次，但如果你让失败阻止你去尝试，你就会错过很多机会。A. meet遇见；B. enjoy享受；C. take带走；D. miss错过。根据上文“but if you allow that to stop you from trying”由此可知，此处应表示如果你让失败阻止你去尝试，你就会错过很多机会。故选D项。 【51题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：你会遇到很多比你做得更好的人，无论是在中学、大学还是在工作中。A. better更好地；B. earlier更早地；C. less更少地；D. faster更快地。根据下文“They’ll try to have nicer cars, bigger houses, nicer clothes, and so on”提到他们想拥有更好的车、更大的房子……，由此可知，此处应表示“你”会遇到很多比“你”做得更好的人。故选A项。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我相信生活是一段旅程。A. course课程；B. dream梦想；C. journey旅程；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“You are ____15____ a really wonderful journey”提到旅程，由此可知，此处应表示作者相信生活是一段旅程。故选C项。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你总是尽力打败别人，你是在浪费你的生命。A. change改变；B. follow跟随；C. beat打败；D. pardon打扰。根据上文“To them, life is a competition.”提到竞争，由此可知，此处应表示如果“你”总是尽力打败别人，你是在浪费你的生命。故选C项。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：学会享受你的生活，你会使它成为一个快乐的学习和爱的旅程。A. regret后悔；B. patience耐心；C. quietness安静；D. happiness幸福，快乐。根据句意以及上文“Learn to enjoy your life”提到享受你的生活，由此可知，此处应表示你会使它成为一个快乐的学习和爱的旅程。故选D项。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你正在开始一段美好的旅程，我会永远在你身边。A. conducting进行；B. permitting允许；C. starting开始；D. recognizing识别。根据句意以及下文“and I will always be there for you.”由此可知，此处应表示你正在开始一段美好的旅程。故选C项。 Passage 8 人与自我——生活与学习 （24-25学年高一上·湖南长沙市明德中学·期末） When you measure the distance between towns on foot, walk to places that you thought could only be reached by car and it will change your mind. I live in the suburb north of San Francisco, and ____41____is considered the main transpor-tation for most people here. I still remember how ____42____I was when I first learned to drive. While driving with music gently ____43____my heart, I was filled with joy. However, as time went by, that excitement ____44____. I feared driving, and felt worried and upset. Everyone seems to be in my way especially when I am in a ____45____. One night, a deer ran out from the dark, knocked against my moving car, and ____46____across the street. I didn’t dare to get out of my car to see her. Crying on the ____47____, I hated my car. When I joined the 21-day mindful walking ____48____, I began to walk with a mind. During the walking days, I smiled at every stranger ____49____by me. I walked to the streets that I _____50_____would not pass through and _____51_____a tiny free library on the sidewalk. I began to _____52_____if I had really lived in this town all these years. It’s a completely _____53_____ town that I know so little about! I felt deeply _____54_____for the walking challenge. Maybe I will set foot on far lands again, yet I know _____55_____is right here and right now. 41. A. walking B. driving C. flying D. biking 42. A. anxious B. surprised C. excited D. ready 43. A. attacking B. hitting C. recovering D. comforting 44. A. went down B. spread out C. fell apart D. took over 45. A. mess B. way C. hurry D. corner 46. A. came B. jumped C. landed D. ran 47. A. wheel B. carpet C. street D. shelter 48. A. organization B. challenge C. schedule D. competition 49. A. standing B. judging C. passing D. dropping 50. A. obviously B. actually C. normally D. formally 51. A. discovered B. built C. decorated D. rented 52. A. comment B. question C. argue D. check 53. A. special B. romantic C. quiet D. new 54. A. grateful B. hungry C. sorry D. doubtful 55. A. fortune B. wonder C. concern D. pressure 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. C 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. C 51. A 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. B 【导语】 这是一篇记叙文。文章对照汽车交通工具，讲述了作者参加步行挑战的经历和收获。 【解析】 【41题详解】 考查动名词词义辨析。句意：我住在旧金山北部的郊区，开车被认为是这里大多数人的主要交通工具。A. walking步行；B. driving开车；C. flying飞行；D. biking骑自行车。根据后文“I still remember how ____42____I was when I first learned to drive.”以及“While driving with music gently”可知，此处指“开车”。故选B项。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还记得我第一次学开车时是多么的兴奋。A. anxious焦虑的；B. surprised吃惊的；C. excited激动的；D. ready准备好的。根据常识及后文“I was filled with joy”可知，作者第一次学开车时是“兴奋的”。故选C项。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：开车的时候，音乐轻轻抚慰着我的心，我满心欢喜。A. attacking攻击；B. hitting撞击；C. recovering恢复；D. comforting安慰。根据后文“I was filled with joy”可知，开车时，听着音乐，非常开心，所以是“抚慰着”作者的心。故选D项。 【44题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，随着时间的流逝，那种兴奋感减弱了。A. went down下降，减弱；B. spread out展开；C. fell apart破裂，摔碎；D. took over接管。根据常识及后文“I feared driving, and felt worried and upset.”可知，作者的兴奋感下降了。故选A项。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人似乎都在妨碍我（挡着我的路），尤其是在我赶时间的时候。A. mess混乱；B. way路；C. hurry匆忙；D. corner拐角。根据常识及前文“Everyone seems to be in my way”和“especially”可知，越是在“匆忙赶路”的时候，越感觉别人在挡着自己的路。故选C项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，一只鹿从黑暗中跑出来，撞在我正在行驶的汽车上，然后跌落在了马路对面。A. came到来；B. jumped跳跃；C. landed跌落；D. ran跑。根据常识及前文“knocked against my moving car”和后文“across the street”可知，那只被汽车撞的鹿跌落在马路对面。故选C项。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在方向盘上哭泣，我讨厌我的车。A. wheel轮子，方向盘；B. carpet地毯；C. street街道；D. shelter庇护所。因为作者开着车，根据前文“I didn’t dare to get out of my car to see her.”可知，作者不敢下车，所以趴在方向盘上哭泣。故选A项。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我加入21天正念行走挑战时，我开始用意念行走。A. organization组织；B. challenge挑战；C. schedule日程安排；D. competition比赛。根据后文“I felt deeply ____44____for the walking challenge.”可知，作者认为这是一种挑战。故选B项。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在行走的日子里，我对每一个从我身边经过的陌生人微笑。A. standing站立；B. judging判断；C. passing路过；D. dropping落下。根据常识及前文“During the walking days”可知，作者在行走中，对身边经过的人微笑。故选C项。 【50题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我走到我通常不会经过的街道上，发现人行道上有一个小小的免费图书馆。A. obviously明显地；B. actually实际上；C. normally通常地；D. formally正式地。根据前文“When you measure the distance between towns on foot, walk to places that you thought could only be reached by car and it will change your mind.”可知，原来以为只有汽车才能到达，所以指“通常”不会经过的街道。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走到我通常不会经过的街道上，发现人行道上有一个小小的免费图书馆。A. discovered发现；B. built建造；C. decorated装饰；D. rented租用。根据常识及前文“I walked to the streets that I ____50____would not pass through”可知，作者步行走在街道上，才会“发现”人行道上的图书馆。故选A项。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始怀疑这些年来我是否真的住在这个小镇上。A. comment评论；B. question怀疑，质疑；C. argue争论；D. check检查。基于前文的分析，根据后文“It’s a completely ____53____ town that I know so little about!”可知，作者没有来过这些街道，对自己居住的城镇了解甚少，所以怀疑自己这些年是不是住在这个城镇上。故选B项。 【53题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是一个完全陌生（新的）的城市，我对它所知甚少！A. special特别的；B. romantic浪漫的；C. quiet安静的；D. new新的。根据后文“town that I know so little about”可知，作者对这个城镇知之甚少，感觉是“全新的”。故选D项。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对步行挑战深感感激。A. grateful感激的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. sorry遗憾的；D. doubtful怀疑的。基于前文的分析可知，因为步行挑战让作者注意到许多以前没有注意的东西，作者深表感激。故选A项。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许我会再次踏上遥远的土地，但我知道奇迹就在此时此地。A. fortune财富；B. wonder奇迹；C. concern关注；D. pressure压力。基于前文的分析可知，因为步行挑战让作者注意到许多以前没有注意的东西，所以作者感觉到此时此地就有自己以前没有注意到的“奇迹”。故选B项。 Passage 9 人与自我——生活与学习 （24-25学年高一上·湖南邵阳市·期末） When I was in my early twenties, I moved away from my home state of Wisconsin to attend graduate school. I chose to go to the University of Arizona in Tucson and ___41___ there. Upon landing in early June, I was shocked by the lack of ___42___ and the burning desert heat. After less than two days in that ___43___, I called my parents to question whether I had made the right choice and to announce that I was ___44___ considering coming home. My father, in a calm and ___45___ voice, indicated that I always had a choice. I could always come home and be welcome there. But in fact, we both knew I wouldn’t come home at the time. Needless to say, I chose to ___46___. Many years have passed. My father’s ___47___ words remain with me. Knowing that I can always come home, I’ve been able to ___48___ several challenging situations - unemployment, divorce and even the ___49___ of my only son. I have also used these words in many cases where others need to know that someone ____50____ and that they do have a choice. Whether home is earthly, spiritual, or some sense of calm, knowing that we can come home will be just enough to ____51____ us on our way. It ____52____ me, in a way, of the prodigal son (回头的浪子) who found ____53____ and love upon returning home. While we don’t have to be like him and hit bottom in life, it is good to know that we can wander and experience pains and ____54____ in life but we still have a home where love, support and comfort ____55____. 41. A. flew B. drove C. walked D. cycled 42. A. blue B. yellow C. brown D. green 43. A. family B. refuge C. environment D. desert 44. A. naturally B. fortunately C. obviously D. seriously 45. A. gentle B. weak C. supportive D. pleasant 46. A. graduate B. regret C. return D. continue 47. A. surprising B. encouraging C. interesting D. moving 48. A. face up to B. get away with C. make sure of D. look out for 49. A. return B. growth C. arrival D. loss 50. A. worries B. cares C. leaves D. stays 51. A. help B. stop C. protect D. teach 52. A. informs B. reminds C. warns D. rids 53. A. comfort B. interest C. food D. money 54. A. regrets B. complaints C. sufferings D. pleasures 55. A. survive B. exist C. fall D. disappear 【答案】41. A 42. D 43. C 44. D 45. C 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. B 51. A 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了年轻时离家求学，因环境不适而萌生退意，但父亲温和而支持的话语让他坚持下来。这句话多年来一直给予作者面对困境的力量，并让他明白家永远是避风港。 【解析】 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我选择去位于图森的亚利桑那大学，并___飞到___了那里。A. flew 飞行；B. drove 驾驶；C. walked 步行；D. cycled 骑自行车。根据上文“moved away from my home state of Wisconsin”和“Upon landing in early June”可知，作者是从威斯康星州搬到亚利桑那州，距离很远，且提到“着陆(landing)”，所以是乘飞机去的。故选A。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：六月初一下飞机，我就对缺乏___绿色___和灼热的沙漠高温感到震惊。A. blue 蓝色；B. yellow 黄色；C. brown 棕色；D. green 绿色。根据常识，威斯康星州（作者家乡）植被茂盛，而亚利桑那州图森市是沙漠环境，植被稀少。作者感到震惊的是缺少绿色植物。故选D。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那种___环境___里待了不到两天，我就给父母打电话，质疑自己的选择是否正确，并宣布我___认真___考虑回家。A. family 家庭；B. refuge 避难所；C. environment 环境；D. desert 沙漠。此处指代前文描述的炎热、缺少绿色的沙漠“环境”，而非特指“沙漠”这个地方。故选C。 【44题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. naturally 自然地；B. fortunately 幸运地；C. obviously 明显地；D. seriously 认真地。根据上下文，作者因为环境恶劣而动摇，是“认真地”考虑放弃学业回家。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：父亲用平静而___支持性的___语气表示，我永远有选择权。A. gentle 温和的；B. weak 虚弱的；C. supportive 支持性的；D. pleasant 令人愉快的。父亲的话“你永远可以回家，家里永远欢迎你”体现的是支持，且与“calm”并列，描述父亲的态度。故选C。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不用说，我选择了___继续___。A. graduate 毕业；B. regret 后悔；C. return 返回；D. continue 继续。根据下文“Many years have passed.”和“I chose to”的语境，以及前文父亲说“你可以回家”，但作者最终没有回去，可知他选择了“继续”坚持下去。故选D。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多年过去了，父亲___鼓励人的___话语一直陪伴着我。A. surprising 令人惊讶的；B. encouraging 鼓励人的；C. interesting 有趣的；D. moving 动人的。父亲的话“你永远可以回家”在作者面对困境时给了他力量和勇气去面对，因此是“鼓励人的”。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我知道自己总能回家，这让我能够___面对___几个具有挑战性的处境——失业、离婚，甚至我唯一儿子的___失去___。A. face up to 面对；B. get away with 侥幸成功；C. make sure of 确保；D. look out for 留心。父亲鼓励的话语给了作者勇气去“面对”生活中的种种挑战。故选A。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. return 回归；B. growth 成长；C. arrival 到达；D. loss 失去。根据语境，“失业”、“离婚”都是人生中的重大挫折，“唯一儿子的___”也应是一个负面事件，“失去”最符合逻辑。故选D。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在很多情况下，当别人需要知道有人___关心___他们，并且他们确实有选择时，我也用过这些话。A. worries 担心；B. cares 关心；C. leaves 离开；D. stays 停留。父亲的话传递的核心信息是“家永远欢迎你”，即“有人关心你”。故选B。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论家是世俗的、精神的，还是某种平静的感觉，知道我们可以回家就足以在我们前进的道路上___帮助___我们。A. help 帮助；B. stop 停止；C. protect 保护；D. teach 教导。知道有家这个避风港，能“帮助”我们继续前行。故选A。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在某种程度上，这___使我想起___那个回家后找到___安慰___和爱的回头的浪子。A. informs 通知；B. reminds 使想起；C. warns 警告；D. rids 使摆脱。固定搭配 remind sb. of sth.“使某人想起某事”。作者的经历和感悟让他“想起”了“回头的浪子”的故事。故选B。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. comfort 安慰；B. interest 兴趣；C. food 食物；D. money 金钱。根据浪子回头的寓言故事，以及下文提到的“love, support and comfort”，浪子回家找到的是“安慰”和爱。故选A。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们不必像他那样在生活中陷入谷底，但知道我们可以漂泊，经历痛苦和___苦难___，但我们仍然有一个家，那里___存在着___爱、支持和安慰，这是很好的。A. regrets 遗憾；B. complaints 抱怨；C. sufferings 苦难；D. pleasures 快乐。与“pains”并列，且是负面词汇，表示生活中经历的痛苦和“苦难”。故选C。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. survive 幸存；B. exist 存在；C. fall 落下；D. disappear 消失。句意为家是爱、支持和安慰“存在”的地方。故选B。 Passage 10 人与自我——生活与学习 （24-25学年高一上·湖南湘西州·期末） In seventh grade, I was a volunteer assistant at a local hospital. In general, I ____41____ about thirty to forty hours a week in summer, mostly with Mr. Gillespie. He had no ____42____ and seemed forgotten. I spent many days there holding his hand and talking to him, and helped with his care, though he only ____43____ pressed my hand as he was in a coma (昏迷). I left for a week’s vacation with my parents. When I ____44____, Mr. Gillespi e was gone. I was too afraid to ask the nurses about his whereabouts (下落), ____45____ he might have died. And, with many questions, I still ____46____ volunteering through eighth grade. Several years later, when I was a junior in high school, I saw a ____47____ face at the gas station. It was him! He was alive. I ____48____ the courage to ask if he was Mr. Gillespie and if he had been in a coma five years ago. He ____49____. I explained how I knew him and our time in the hospital. He hugged me warmly, his eyes _____50_____. He said that while comatose, he could hear me and feel my touch, believing it was an _____51_____. He thought my voice and _____52_____ had kept him alive. Then he _____53_____ his life story and what led to the coma. We cried, hugged, and parted ways. Though I haven’t seen him since, he fills my heart with _____54_____ every day. I know I influenced his life, and more importantly, he _____55_____ mine. He made me feel like an angel. It was an experience I’ll never forget. 41. A. studied B. volunteered C. challenged D. designed 42. A. tourists B. doctors C. visitors D. professionals 43. A. naturally B. frequently C. kindly D. occasionally 44. A. returned B. battled C. settled D. graduated 45. A. recalling B. fearing C. imagining D. admitting 46. A. continued B. stopped C. started D. avoided 47. A. strange B. charming C. familiar D. rough 48. A. lacked B. lost C. desired D. gathered 49. A. nodded B. bent C. waved D. shook 50. A. empty B. dirty C. lovely D. teary 51. A. angel B. expert C. actor D. athlete 52. A. ignorance B. presence C. confidence D. absence 53. A. wrote B. posted C. shared D. read 54. A. joy B. fancy C. regret D. curiosity 55. A. created B. destroyed C. changed D. awarded 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者在七年级时成为当地医院的一名志愿者助手，陪伴照顾一位处于昏迷状态的老人吉莱斯皮先生。 【解析】 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一般来说，我夏天每周志愿（服务）大约三十到四十个小时，主要是和吉莱斯皮先生一起。A. studied学习；B. volunteered志愿；C. challenged挑战；D. designed设计。根据前文“In seventh grade, I was a volunteer assistant at a local hospital.”可知，作者是医院的志愿者助手，所以此处是指作者志愿服务大约三十到四十个小时。故选B项。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有访客，似乎被遗忘了。A. tourists游客；B. doctors医生；C. visitors访客；D. professionals专业人员。根据后文“I spent many days there holding his hand and talking to him”可知，作者在那里陪伴吉莱斯皮先生，所以他是没有访客的。故选C项。 【43题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管他处于昏迷状态，只是偶尔握握我的手。A. naturally自然地；B. frequently频繁地；C. kindly和蔼地；D. occasionally偶尔地。根据前文“though he only”及后文“pressed my hand as he was in a coma”可知，吉莱斯皮先生处于昏迷状态，只是偶尔握握作者的手。故选D项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我回来的时候，吉莱斯皮先生已经不在了。A. returned返回；B. battled斗争；C. settled定居；D. graduated毕业。根据前文“I left for a week’s vacation with my parents.”可知，作者和父母一起去度假了，所以此处是指作者度假归来。故选A项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我太害怕问护士他去哪了，担心他可能已经死了。A. recalling回忆；B. fearing害怕；C. imagining想象；D. admitting承认。根据前文“I was too afraid to ask the nurses about his whereabouts”可知，作者不敢问护士吉莱斯皮先生去哪了，所以是担心他可能已经死了。故选B项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：带着很多问题，我还是继续（做志愿者）直到八年级。A. continued继续；B. stopped停止；C. started开始；D. avoided避免。根据后文“volunteering through eighth grade”可知，作者是继续做志愿者直到八年级。故选A项。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几年后，当我上高中的时候，我在加油站看到了一张熟悉的脸。A. strange奇怪的；B. charming迷人的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. rough粗糙的。根据后文“It was him! He was alive.”可知，作者认出了吉莱斯皮先生，所以此处是指作者看到了一张熟悉的脸。故选C项。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我鼓起勇气问他是否是吉莱斯皮先生，五年前是否处于昏迷状态。A. lacked缺乏；B. lost失去；C. desired渴望；D. gathered聚集，鼓起。根据后文“the courage to ask if he was Mr. Gillespie and if he had been in a coma five years ago”可知，作者是鼓起勇气去询问吉莱斯皮先生的。故选D项。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他点了点头。A. nodded点头；B. bent弯曲；C. waved挥手；D. shook摇动。根据后文“I explained how I knew him and our time in the hospital. He hugged me warmly”可知，吉莱斯皮先生是认识作者，所以此处是指他点了点头回应作者。故选A项。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他热烈地拥抱了我，眼里含着泪花。A. empty空的；B. dirty脏的；C. lovely可爱的；D. teary含泪的。根据前文“He hugged me warmly”及后文“We cried”可知，此处是指吉莱斯皮先生眼里含泪地拥抱了作者。故选D项。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说他昏迷的时候，能听到我说话，感觉到我的触摸，相信我是个天使。A. angel天使；B. expert专家；C. actor演员；D. athlete运动员。根据后文“He made me feel like an angel.”可知，此处是指吉莱斯皮先生相信作者是天使。故选A项。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他认为是我的声音和陪伴让他活了下来。A. ignorance无知；B. presence存在、陪伴；C. confidence自信；D. absence缺席。根据前文“He said that while comatose，he could hear me and feel my touch”可知，此处是指吉莱斯皮先生认为是作者的声音和陪伴让他活了下来。故选B项。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他分享了他的生活故事和导致昏迷的原因。A. wrote写；B. posted张贴；C. shared分享；D. read阅读。根据后文“his life story and what led to the coma”可知，此处是指吉莱斯皮先生分享了导致他昏迷的生活故事。故选C项。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然从那以后我再也没见过他，但他每天都让我感到快乐。A. joy快乐；B. fancy空想；C. regret后悔；D. curiosity好奇。根据后文“He made me feel like an angel. It was an experience I’ll never forget.”可知，作者认为吉莱斯皮先生让他的生活充满了快乐。故选A项。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道我影响了他的生活，更重要的是，他改变了我的生活。A. created创造；B. destroyed破坏；C. changed改变；D. awarded授予。根据前文“I know I influenced his life”及后文“He made me feel like an angel.”可知，此处是指吉莱斯皮先生也改变了作者的生活。故选C项。 Passage 11 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 （24-25学年高一上·湖南岳阳市·期末） As Nicole and Mathan drove their family of four back home to Fargo, North Dakota, after visiting their Grandpa Mike in Texas, they had two tearful little kids in the back. Why? Well, during the ___41___, they fell in love with a homeless dog that walked by aimlessly — and kept coming back. At first, Nicole told the kids to be cautious and not to ___42___ him. But he was just so ___43___ to the kids and later he won the family over. Together, the family took the dog home, giving him a bath, some food and even a name: Country. In the backyard, the lively kids and Country ___44___ a delightful play time. The kids were running around in circles, laughing with joy, while the dog ___45___ them with its tail wagging with pleasure. Their laughter and the dog’s excited barks filled the air, creating a happy ___46___. With each passing day, the kids grew more ___47___ to Country. So when it was time to leave, the kids burst into floods of ___48___. Little did they know, their Grandpa Mike was ___49___ a Christmas plan. Because when he saw how the dog was around the kids, he knew Country was ___50___ for them. So Mike decided to ___51___ his grandkids on Christmas morning by ___52___ Country more than 1,200 miles from Texas to North Dakota. “I wanted to make them happy,” he said. The kids were full of ___53___ to see Country again, especially when they learned he was theirs to ___54___. So for Christmas, the family gave Country a forever home, and he gave the family their best Christmas ___55___. 41. A. festival B. exploration C. visit D. adventure 42. A. attack B. ignore C. admire D. touch 43. A. pleasant B. familiar C. similar D. rude 44. A. took B. performed C. caught D. shared 45. A. bit B. followed C. greeted D. found 46. A. scene B. event C. activity D. ending 47. A. responsible B. generous C. attached D. devoted 48. A. sweat B. tears C. laughter D. anger 49. A. counting on B. cooking up C. bringing out D. showing off 50. A. useful B. fancy C. typical D. special 51. A. calm B. award C. surprise D. inspire 52. A. driving B. renting C. recovering D. gathering 53. A. confidence B. satisfaction C. anxiety D. excitement 54. A. stay B. collect C. keep D. approach 55. A. effort B. gift C. option D. tradition 【答案】41. C 42. D 43. A 44. D 45. B 46. A 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. D 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. C 55. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Nicole和Mathan一家在探望爷爷后回家的路上遇到了一只流浪狗Country，并与之建立了深厚的感情。当要离开时，孩子们很难过，但爷爷Mike为了让他们高兴，决定把Country从德克萨斯州开车送到北达科他州作为圣诞惊喜送给他们。 【解析】 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在拜访期间，他们爱上了一只漫无目的地走来走去又不断回来的流浪狗。A. festival节日；B. exploration探索；C. visit拜访；D. adventure冒险。根据第一段的“after visiting their Grandpa Mike in Texas”可知，此处指“在拜访期间”。故选C项。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，Nicole让孩子们小心，不要碰它。A. attack攻击；B. ignore忽视；C. admire钦佩；D. touch触摸。根据前文的“a homeless dog”可知，既然是流浪狗，那么Nicole让孩子们不要碰这只狗。故选D项。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但它对孩子们很友好，后来它赢得了全家人的喜爱。A. pleasant令人愉快的，友好的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. similar相似的；D. rude粗鲁的。根据后文的“and later he won the family over”可知，这只狗对孩子们很友好。故选A项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在后院，活泼的孩子们和Country度过了一段愉快的玩耍时间。A. took带走；B. performed表演；C. caught抓住；D. shared分享。根据前文的“Together, the family took the dog home, giving him a bath, some food and even a name: Country. In the backyard, the lively kids and Country”以及后文的“a delightful play time.”可知，这家人和这只狗相处地很好，所以他们一起度过了一段愉快的玩耍时间，此处指孩子们和这只狗在后院分享了一段愉快的玩耍时间。故选D项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们绕着圈跑来跑去，开心地笑着，而狗则摇着尾巴快乐地跟着他们。A. bit咬；B. followed跟随；C. greeted问候；D. found发现。根据后文的“them with its tail wagging with pleasure”可知，狗摇着尾巴快乐地跟着孩子们。故选B项。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的笑声和狗的兴奋的叫声充满了空气，创造了一个快乐的场景。A. scene场景；B. event事件；C. activity活动；D. ending结局。根据前文的“Their laughter and the dog's excited barks filled the air”可知，孩子们的笑声和狗的叫声创造了一个快乐的场景。故选A项。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，孩子们对Country越来越依恋。A. responsible负责的；B. generous慷慨的；C. attached依恋的；D. devoted忠实的。根据前文的“Their laughter and the dog’s excited barks filled the air”可知，孩子们和Country玩地很好，随着时间的推移，孩子们对这只狗越来越依恋。be attached to依恋于，固定短语。故选C项。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以当离开的时候，孩子们突然泪流满面。A. sweat汗水；B. tears泪水；C. laughter笑声；D. anger愤怒。根据前文的“Their laughter and the dog’s excited barks filled the air”以及“So when it was time to leave”可知，孩子们和Country玩地很好，以至于要分开时，孩子们泪流满面。故选B项。 【49题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们不知道的是，他们的爷爷Mike正在筹划一个圣诞计划。A. counting on依靠；B. cooking up筹划；C. bringing out出版；D. showing off炫耀。根据后文的“a Christmas plan”可知，此处指Mike爷爷正在筹划一个圣诞计划。故选B项。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为当他看到这只狗在孩子们身边时，他知道Country对他们来说是特别的。A. useful有用的；B. fancy时髦的；C. typical典型的；D. special特别的。根据后文的“So Mike decided to __51__ his grandkids on Christmas morning by __52__Country more than 1,200 miles from Texas to North Dakota.”可知，既然Mike爷爷把这只狗从德克萨斯州开车送到北达科他州送给孩子们可知，说明Mike爷爷认为这只狗对孩子们来说是特别的。故选D项。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以Mike决定在圣诞节的早上给孙子们一个惊喜，把Country从德克萨斯州开到1200多英里外的北达科他州。A. calm使平静；B. award授予；C. surprise使惊讶；D. inspire鼓舞。根据后文的Mike爷爷的话“I wanted to make them happy”可知，Mike爷爷想让孩子们开心，所以此处指Mike爷爷想给孙子们一个惊喜。故选C项。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以Mike决定在圣诞节的早上给孙子们一个惊喜，把Country从德克萨斯州开到1200多英里外的北达科他州。A. driving开车；B. renting租用；C. recovering恢复；D. gathering聚集。根据后文的“more than 1,200 miles from Texas to North Dakota”可知，此处指Mike爷爷开车把Country从德克萨斯州送到北达科他州。故选A项。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们再次见到Country时，他们充满了兴奋，尤其是当他们得知Country是属于他们的时候。A. confidence信心；B. satisfaction满意；C. anxiety焦虑；D. excitement兴奋。根据前文的“So Mike decided to__51__his grandkids on Christmas morning”可知，Mike想要把Country送到孩子们的家，这对孩子们来说是一个惊喜，所以孩子们再次见到这只狗时很兴奋。故选D项。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们再次见到Country时，他们充满了兴奋，尤其是当他们得知Country是属于他们的时候。A. stay停留；B. collect收集；C. keep供养；D. approach靠近。根据后文的“the family gave Country a forever home”可知，此处指这只狗现在是属于孩子们的，他们可以养这只狗。故选C项。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以圣诞节那天，这家人给了Country一个永远的家，而Country给了这家人最好的圣诞礼物。A. effort努力；B. gift礼物；C. option选择；D. tradition传统。根据前文的“So for Christmas, the family gave Country a forever home, and he gave the family their best Christmas”可知，这只狗到了这家后，他的到来给了孩子们最好的圣诞礼物。故选B项。 Passage 12 人与自我——生活与学习 （24-25学年高一上·湖南长沙市一中·期末） My least favorite part was participating in sport meets, for I loved running by myself. When faced with running against fellow athletes, I was ___41___ . I had butterflies in my stomach and the sudden urge to go to the nearest ___42___ . This year, however, I was encouraged to join in a long-distance running race by my coach. The 800-meter event was approaching, meaning that I would ___43___ soon. I breathed deeply and tried to ___44___ my worries. I walked over to some of the ___45___ who would run with me and started to ___46___ with them. We were all loosening up and getting ready to run as ___47___ as possible. The starter raised his gun and ___48___ . About twenty-five runners took off. With these runners around me, I ___49___ my coach’s words, “You may be small, but you have ____50____ power. ” So, I kept up with athletes twice my size. One by one, I ____51____ to make it to the top four, bursting around the lap. It was the last lap before the final straight away. So I widened my steps, speeding up my ____52____ . I caught up with the runner in first place and we ran side by side down the last 100 meters — I ____53____ him by a hair at the finishing line! My coach gave me a ____54____ hug as I headed back to see him. He was ____55____ because I had shortened my original time by twelve seconds at least. 41. A. amazed B. nervous C. relaxed D. puzzled 42. A. stadium B. clinic C. bathroom D. station 43. A. participate B. fail C. escape D. compete 44. A. ignore B. solve C. explore D. examine 45. A. volunteers B. judges C. runners D. coaches 46. A. watch out B. turn around C. come along D. warm up 47. A. smoothly B. rapidly C. obviously D. patiently 48. A. cheated B. survived C. triggered D. fired 49. A. appreciated B. recalled C. requested D. adapted 50. A. exact B. great C. practical D. suitable 51. A. offered B. declared C. managed D. regretted 52. A. study B. challenge C. fight D. pace 53. A. beat B. pushed C. dragged D. followed 54. A. gentle B. light C. firm D. slight 55. A. shocked B. disappointed C. frightened D. depressed 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. D 47. B 48. D 49. B 50. B 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在教练的鼓励下，克服内心的恐惧与紧张，在800米长跑中取得第一名的故事。 【解析】 【41题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当面对与其他运动员赛跑时，我很紧张。A. amazed惊讶的；B. nervous紧张的；C. relaxed放松的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据下文“I had butterflies in my stomach”由此可知，此处应表示作者不喜欢参加运动会，因此参加运动会感到紧张。故选B项。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我心里七上八下，突然想去最近的洗手间。A. stadium体育馆；B. clinic诊所；C. bathroom洗手间；D. station车站。根据语境和常识并结合选项可知，此处应表示作者心里七上八下，想去最近的洗手间放松一下。故选C项。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：800米比赛临近了，这意味着我很快就要参加比赛了。A. participate参加；B. fail失败；C. escape逃脱；D. compete比赛，竞争。根据上文“I was encouraged to join in a long-distance running race by my coach.”提到教练鼓励作者参加一场长跑比赛。由此可知，此处应表示作者很快就要参加比赛了。故选D项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我深深地吸了一口气，试图忽略我的忧虑。A. ignore忽视；B. solve解决；C. explore探索；D. examine检查。根据句意以及上文“I breathed deeply”由此可知，此处应表示作者深深地吸了一口气，试图让自己不那么紧张。故选A项。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我走到一些会和我一起跑步的人身边，开始和他们一起热身。A. volunteers志愿者；B. judges裁判；C. runners跑步者；D. coaches教练。根据下文“We were all loosening up and getting ready to run”可知，此处应表示作者走到一起跑步的人身边，开始和他们一起热身。故选C项。 【46题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我走到一些会和我一起跑步的人身边，开始和他们一起热身。A. watch out当心；B. turn around转过身；C. come along取得进展；D. warm up热身。根据常识和后文“We were all loosening up and getting ready to run”可知，比赛之前需要热身。故选D项。 【47题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们都在放松，准备尽可能快地跑。A. smoothly顺利地；B. rapidly迅速地；C. obviously明显地；D. patiently耐心地。根据句意以及上文“We were all loosening up and getting ready to…”由此可知，此处应表示我们都在放松，准备尽可能快地跑。故选B项。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：发令员举起信号枪开了枪。A. cheated欺骗；B. survived幸存；C. triggered触发；D. fired开火。根据常识以及下文“About twenty-five runners took off.”由此可知，此处应表示发令员举起信号枪开了枪。故选D项。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：面对身边这些跑步者，我想起了教练的话：“你可能很渺小，但你有伟大的力量。”A. appreciated感激；B. recalled回忆，想起；C. requested要求；D. adapted适应。根据下文“my coach’s words, “You may be small, but you have ___50___ power. ””由此可知，此处应表示作者想起了教练的话。故选B项。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：面对身边的这些跑步者，我想起了教练的话：“你可能很渺小，但你有伟大的力量。”A. exact准确的；B. great巨大的；C. practical实际的；D. suitable适合的。根据上文“You may be small”以及but转折可知，此处应表示你可能很渺小，但你有伟大的力量。故选B项。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个接一个地，我成功地进入了前四名，快速绕着赛道跑。A. offered提供；B. declared宣布；C. managed努力做成；D. regretted后悔。根据上文“One by one”以及下文“bursting around the lap”可知，此处应表示作者成功地进入了前四名，快速绕着赛道跑。故选C项。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是我增大步幅，加快速度。A. study学习；B. challenge挑战；C. fight斗争；D. pace速度。根据上文“So I widened my steps”由此可知，此处应表示作者增大步幅，加快速度。故选D项。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我赶上了第一名，我们肩并肩跑完最后100米——在终点线我以微弱优势超过了他！A. beat打败；B. pushed推；C. dragged拖；D. followed跟随。根据句意以及下文“by a hair at the finishing line”由此可知，此处应表示作者在终点线以微弱优势超过了他。故选A项。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回去看教练时，他给了我一个坚定的拥抱。A. gentle温柔的；B. light轻的；C. firm坚定的；D. slight轻微的。根据句意以及下文“…hug as I headed back to see him”由此可知，此处应表示教练给了作者一个坚定的拥抱。故选C项。 【55题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很震惊，因为我至少把原来的时间缩短了12秒。A. shocked震惊的；B. disappointed失望的；C. frightened害怕的；D. depressed抑郁的。根据下文“because I had shortened my original time by twelve seconds at least”提到作者把原来的时间缩短了12秒，由此可知，此处应表示作者的教练很震惊。故选A项。 Passage 13 人与自然——自然生态 （24-25学年高一上·湖南长沙市长郡中学·期末） Tom and his best friend, Jack, were both nature enthusiasts. They loved exploring the great outdoors and had planned a two-day ___41___ in the mountains. They had ___42___ all the essentials, including a map, compass (指南针), first aid kit, and enough food. The first day’s daytime was ___43___. They hiked through the forest, admiring the beauty of the towering trees and the vibrant wildlife. However, as dusk fell, they found themselves lost. Despite using their compass, the thick forest and ___44___ affected their navigation (导航). Hearing ___45___ water, they discovered a river and decided to follow it, hoping for a campsite. The river was wider and faster than expected. They attempted to ___46___ via a fallen tree, but it broke under Tom’s ___47___, and he fell into the river, ___48___ by the current. Jack raced along the ___49___, eventually reaching Tom as the river calmed. Using a branch, he pulled Tom to safety. Wet and____50____, they made camp, starting a fire to dry off and warm up. They spent the night ____51____ their survival and the need to respect nature. The next day, a search and rescue team found them, having been reported ____52____ by their families. The experience had been ____53____, but it had also taught them a valuable ____54____ about the importance of being prepared and ____55____ the power of nature. 41. A. hike B. run C. play D. rest 42. A. stored B. forgotten C. ordered D. packed 43. A. uneventful B. worthless C. boring D. disappointing 44. A. danger B. wild C. equipment D. darkness 45. A. freezing B. deep C. rushing D. clear 46. A. swim B. cross C. fight D. jump 47. A. height B. weight C. size D. appearance 48. A. swept away B. burned out C. picked up D. taken over 49. A. forest B. bank C. path D. hill 50. A. excited B. energetic C. tired D. emotional 51. A. reflecting on B. concentrating on C. sticking to D. responding to 52. A. dangerous B. proud C. missing D. concerned 53. A. meaningful B. frightening C. individual D. beneficial 54. A. struggle B. journey C. lesson D. emergency 55. A. enjoying B. admiring C. ignoring D. respecting 【答案】41. A 42. D 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. B 47. B 48. A 49. B 50. C 51. A 52. C 53. B 54. C 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Tom和Jack一次户外徒步旅行中的冒险经历，包括准备、迷路、遇险、自救以及事后的反思和教训。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们热爱探索户外，并计划了一次为期两天的山地徒步旅行。A. hike徒步旅行；B. run跑；C. play玩；D. rest休息。根据上文“They loved exploring the great outdoors”以及下文“They hiked through the forest, admiring the beauty of the towering trees and the vibrant wildlife.”可知，俩人计划了一次山地徒步旅行。故选A。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们打包了所有必需品，包括地图、指南针、急救包和足够的食物。A. stored存储；B. forgotten忘记；C. ordered订购、命令；D. packed打包。根据上文可知，俩人计划了一次山地徒步旅行；再根据空后“all the essentials, including a map, compass(指南针), first aid kit, and enough food”可推测，俩人计划了徒步旅行后，打包了徒步旅行的必需品。故选D。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一天的白天平淡无奇。A. uneventful平淡无奇的；平静无事的；B. worthless无价值的；C. boring无聊的；D. disappointing令人失望的。根据下文“They hiked through the forest, admiring the beauty of the towering trees and the vibrant wildlife.”以及“However, as dusk fell, they found themselves lost.”中的“however”可推测，第一天的白天一切顺利，没什么事情发生。故选A。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管使用了指南针，但茂密的森林和黑暗影响了他们的导航。A. danger危险；B. wild野外；C. equipment设备；D. darkness黑暗。根据上文“However, as dusk fell, they found themselves lost.”可知，天黑后他们发现自己迷路了。再根据上文“the thick forest”可推测，森林和黑暗影响了导航。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听到湍急的流水声，他们发现了一条河，并决定沿着它走，希望能找到一个露营地。A. freezing冰冷的；B. deep深的；C. rushing极速流动的、湍急的；D. clear清澈的、清楚的。根据下文“they discovered a river and decided to follow it, hoping for a campsite.”以及“The river was wider and faster than expected.”可推测，水流湍急。故选C。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们试图通过一根倒下的树过河，但树在Tom的重量下折断了，他掉进了河里，被水流冲走了。A. swim游泳；B. cross穿过；C. fight战斗；D. jump跳。根据空后的“via a fallen tree”以及“he fell into the river”可推测，俩人是想通过一根倒下的树来过河。故选B。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们试图通过一根倒下的树过河，但树在Tom的重量下折断了，他掉进了河里，被水流冲走了。A. height高度；B. weight重量；C. size尺寸；D. appearance外貌。根据下文“he fell into the river”以及常理可知，在Tom通过倒下的树过河的时候，由于自身的体重，树折断了，而Tom也掉入了河里。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他们试图通过一根倒下的树过河，但树在Tom的重量下折断了，他掉进了河里，被水流冲走了。A. swept away冲走；B. burned out烧尽；C. picked up捡起；D. taken over接管。根据空后的“by the current”以及下文“Jack raced along the ___9___ , eventually reaching Tom as the river calmed.”可推测，Tom落入水中后被水流冲走了。故选A。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jack沿着河岸奔跑，最终在河水平静下来时追上了Tom。A. forest森林；B. bank河岸；C. path小路；D. hill小山。根据上文可知，Tom过河的时候落入了水中。由此可知，Jack是沿着河岸奔跑，试图追上Tom从而救Tom。故选B。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们又湿又累，搭起了帐篷，生起火来烘干身体和取暖。A. excited兴奋的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. tired疲倦的；D. emotional情感的。根据上文内容可知，在徒步旅行的第一天晚上，俩人迷了路。而Tom不慎落水，Jack一路追随，最终救下了Tom。由此可推测，此时的俩人浑身湿透了，并且非常疲倦。故选C。 【51题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他们整晚都在反思自己的生存经历以及尊重自然的重要性。A. reflecting on反思；B. concentrating on专注于；C. sticking to坚持；D. responding to回应。根据空后“their survival and the need to respect nature.”可推测，俩人一晚上都在反思这件事情，并意识到尊重自然的重要性。故选A。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天，一个搜救队找到了他们，他们的家人已经报告了他们失踪。A. dangerous危险的；B. proud自豪的；C. missing丢失的；D. concerned担忧的。根据上文“The next day, a search and rescue team found them”中的“a search and rescue team”可推测，俩人的家人已经向搜救队报告了他们的失踪，并向搜救队求助。故选C。 【53题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次经历虽然令人害怕，但也给他们上了一堂宝贵的课，让他们认识到了做好准备和尊重自然力量的重要性。A. meaningful有意义的；B. frightening令人害怕的；C. individual个人的；D. beneficial有益的。根据上文内容可知，俩人在森林中迷了路；而且Tom还落入水中。由此可知，这次经历是令人害怕的。故选B。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次经历虽然令人害怕，但也给他们上了一堂宝贵的课，让他们认识到了做好准备和尊重自然力量的重要性。A. struggle挣扎；B. journey旅程；C. lesson教训、课程；D. emergency紧急情况。根据空后的“about the importance of being prepared and ___55___ the power of nature.”可推测，这件事给他们上了一课，得到了教训。故选C。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次经历虽然令人害怕，但也给他们上了一堂宝贵的课，让他们认识到了做好准备和尊重自然力量的重要性。A. enjoying享受；B. admiring钦佩；C. ignoring忽视；D. respecting尊重。根据上文“They spent the night___51___their survival and the need to respect nature.”可推测，俩人认为人类需要尊重自然的力量。故选D。 Passage 14 人与自我——生活与学习 （24-25学年高一上·湖南长沙市雅礼中学·期末） They were gathering at the starting line — runners of all ages, shapes and sizes — preparing for the first 5K of the spring season. I knew this because I had ___41___ at the park’s public restroom on my way to buy donuts and ___42___ the huge banner (横幅) announcing the race. For some reason, I decided to sit on the grass and watch the race begin. I was fascinated by the ___43___ I witnessed. There were teenagers and grandmas, mamas with babies strapped (捆) to their ___44___, and dads followed by their young sons and daughters. ___45___ were happening everywhere before the officials ___46___ for the start. Everyone looked glad to be there — proud, ___47___. I wondered what aroused such enthusiasm. The idea of running for any reason ___48___ chasing down an ice-cream truck had never been ___49___ to me. As the runners took their places, I heard ___50___ from the bleachers (看台). “Go, Barbara! You got this, Mama!” “Grandpa, we love you! We’re so proud of you.” I decided to stay and watch. For some reason the race became a study in human nature. I was ___51___ by the excitement. Who would cross line first? How long had that person been running? When did he or she become ___52___ to the sport? For the first time in ages, something attracted me long enough that donuts took a back seat. I didn’t stop for donuts that day, I can’t tell you ___53___ why. I can tell you that something transformative ___54___ that race day. Now when I stop at the park to use the public restroom, I also run the quarter-mile track. Someday, I hope to hear my family’s voices coming from those bleachers when they see Nanny ___55___ the finish line. 41. A. stopped B. aimed C. stared D. arrived 42. A. imagined B. explored C. remembered D. noticed 43. A. friendliness B. kindness C. patience D. diversity 44. A. arms B. legs C. backs D. hands 45. A. high-fives B. push-ups C. thumb-ups D. sit-ups 46. A. prepared B. searched C. signaled D. waited 47. A. for free B. in short C. for example D. in fact 48. A. more than B. other than C. rather than D. less than 49. A. appealing B. confusing C. comforting D. frightening 50. A. whispering B. cheering C. laughing D. crying 51. A. confused B. scared C. attracted D. saddened 52. A. devoted B. friendly C. sensitive D. familiar 53. A. carefully B. obviously C. vividly D. exactly 54. A. disappeared B. happened C. returned D. survived 55. A. cross B. find C. leave D. draw 【答案】41. A 42. D 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. D 48. B 49. A 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. A 【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在去买甜甜圈的路上偶然看到了春季第一个五公里赛跑的比赛现场，各种年龄、身材、体型的运动员聚集在一起，激情满满地为比赛做准备，看台上的亲友团们也充满热情地为他们喝彩加油，作者被深深地吸引，内心因此产生了触动，从此作者也开始了跑步，生活也变得有所不同。 【解析】 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道这一点，因为我在去买甜甜圈的路上在公园的公共厕所停了下来，注意到宣布比赛的巨大横幅。A. stopped停止、停下来；B. aimed针对、瞄准；C. stared盯着、凝视；D. arrived到达。根据句中“public restroom”和“on my way to buy donuts”及常识可知，作者应该是在去买甜甜圈的路上要去公共厕所，所以停了下来。故选A。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道这一点，因为我在去买甜甜圈的路上在公园的公共厕所停了下来，注意到宣布比赛的巨大横幅。A. imagined想象；B. explored探索；C. remembered记住；D. noticed注意到。根据下文“For some reason, I decided to sit on the grass and watch the race begin. ”（出于某种原因，我决定坐在草地上观看比赛开始。）可知，作者停下后应该是看到了宣布比赛的横幅，然后决定观看比赛开始的。故选D。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被我所看到的多样性所吸引。A. friendliness友好；B. kindness善良；C. patience耐心；D. diversity多样性、多元化。根据上文“They were gathering at the starting line-runners of all ages, shapes and sizes”（他们聚集在起跑线上，各种年龄、身形和体形的跑步者）和下文“There were teenagers and grandmas, mamas with babies strapped (捆) to their 　44 　, and dads followed by their young sons and daughters.”（有十几岁的少年和老奶奶，背着婴儿的妈妈，还有带着年幼儿女的爸爸。）可知，参加比赛的选手包括各种年龄、不同身形，不同性别的，非常多样化。故选D。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有十几岁的少年和老奶奶，背着婴儿的妈妈，还有带着年幼儿女的爸爸。A. arms胳膊；B. legs腿；C. backs后背；D. hands手。根据句中“mamas with babies strapped (捆) to”和常识可知，应该是妈妈要参加比赛，应该是把宝宝绑在背上，背着跑的。故选C。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在官员发出开始信号之前，到处都在击掌。A. high-fives击掌；B. push-ups俯卧撑；C. thumb-ups点赞；D. sit-ups仰卧起坐。根据下文“Everyone looked glad to be there — proud”（每个人看起来都很高兴来到这里，自豪着）和常识可知，每个人都很高兴自豪，所以在比赛开始前，应该是相互击掌鼓励。故选A。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在官员发出开始信号之前，到处都在击掌。A. prepared准备；B. searched寻找；C. signaled发信号；D. waited等待。根据下文“for the start”和常识可知，比赛开始需要由官员们发出信号示意的。故选C。 【47题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：每个人看起来都很高兴来到这里——实际上是自豪。A. for free免费；B. in short短缺；C. for example例如；D. in fact实际上。根据下文“I wondered what aroused such enthusiasm.”（我不知道是什么引起了这样的热情。）可知，参赛的选手们都非常高兴，充满了热情，可见他们实际上对自己参加比赛非常自豪。故选D。 【48题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：除了追赶一辆冰激凌车之外，为了任何原因跑步的想法从来没有吸引过我。A. more than多于、不仅仅；B. other than除了……之外；C. rather than而不是；D. less than少于。根据前文“I wondered what aroused such enthusiasm.”（我不知道是什么引起了这样的热情。）和下文的“For the first time in ages, something attracted me long enough that donuts took a back seat.”（这么多年来，第一次有东西吸引了我，让我把甜甜圈退居二线。）可知，作者爱吃甜甜圈，有可能产生追赶一辆冰激凌车的想法，除此之外，作者应该没有产生过参加跑步比赛的想法，因为她不明白这些选手为什么会对跑步有这么大的热情。故选B。 【49题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了追赶一辆冰淇淋车之外，为了任何原因跑步的想法对我从无吸引力。A. appealing有吸引力的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. comforting令人欣慰的；D. frightening令人害怕的。根据前文“I wondered what aroused such enthusiasm.”（我不知道是什么引起了这样的热情。）可知，作者不明白这些选手为什么会对跑步有那么大的热情，可见参加跑步的想法对她从来没有吸引力。故选A。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当赛跑运动员各就各位时，我听到看台上的欢呼加油声。A. whispering小声说；B. cheering欢呼、喝彩；C. laughing大笑；D. crying大哭。根据下文““Go, Barbara! You got this, Mama!” “Grandpa, we love you! We’re so proud of you.””（“去，芭芭拉!你能行的，妈妈!”“爷爷，我们爱您!我们为你感到骄傲。”）可知，看台上都是来自亲友团的欢呼加油声。故选B。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被这种兴奋所吸引。A. confused使迷惑；B. scared使害怕；C. attracted吸引；D. saddened使伤心。根据下文“For the first time in ages, something attracted me long enough that donuts took a back seat.”（这么多年来，第一次有东西吸引了我，让我把甜甜圈退居二线。）可知，作者被人们的兴奋激动所吸引。故选C。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他或她什么时候开始热衷于这项运动的？A. devoted热衷的；B. friendly友好的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据前文“For some reason, the race became a study in human nature.”（出于某种原因，这场比赛成了对人性的研究。）和“Who would cross line first? How long had that person been running? ”（谁会先冲过线？那个人跑了多久了？）可知，作者开始研究参赛选手，作者应该是对他们什么开始热衷于这项运动感到好奇。故选A。 【53题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：那天我没有停下来买甜甜圈，我不能确切地告诉你为什么。A. carefully仔细地；B. obviously明显地；C. vividly生动地；D. exactly确切地。根据前文“For the first time in ages, something attracted me long enough that donuts took a back seat.”（这么多年来，第一次有东西吸引了我，让我把甜甜圈退居二线。）和下文“I can tell you that something transformative 　44　 that race day.”（我可以告诉你那天发生了一改变性的事情。）可知，那天作者没有停下来买甜甜圈，因为有了更吸引她的东西，有了让她产生改变的事情，但是她并不能确切地说出是什么。故选D。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可以告诉你那天发生了一些改变性的事情。A. disappeared消失；B. happened发生；C. returned返回；D. survived幸存。根据前文“The idea of running for any reason 　48　 chasing down an ice-cream truck had never been 　49　 to me.”（除了追赶一辆冰淇淋车之外，为了任何原因跑步的想法对我从无吸引力。）和下文“Now when I stop at the park to use the public restroom, I also run the quarter-mile track.”（现在，当我在公园停下来使用公共厕所时，我也会跑四分之一英里的跑道。）可知，在观看比赛那天，作者就发生了一些改变，并对其以后的生活也产生了影响。故选B。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望有一天，当我的家人看到奶奶冲过终点线时，我能听到在看台上的他们的声音。A. cross穿过；B. find找到；C. leave离开；D. draw绘画。根据前文“As the runners took their places, I heard 　50　 from the bleachers (看台).”（当赛跑运动员各就各位时，我听到看台上的欢呼加油声。）和“Now when I stop at the park to use the public restroom, I also run the quarter-mile track.”（现在，当我在公园停下来使用公共厕所时，我也会跑四分之一英里的跑道。）可知，作者也开始练习跑步，所以她希望有一天她也能参加比赛，当她冲过终点线时，期望能够听到看台上家人们的欢呼声。故选A。 Passage 15 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 （24-25学年高一上·湖南长沙市雨花区·期末） It was a summer 33 years ago. We were a normal crowd of people from all walks of life who took the ____41____ every day. During the early morning ride, we sat sleepily with our collars up to our ears, cheerless and ____42____. One day, a passenger who headed for the centre of senior citizens ___43___ the bus. He walked with an arched (弓形的) back tiredly and sat down alone behind the driver. No one ever paid much ____44____ to him. Then one July morning, the old man got on the bus ____45____, smiled and said in a loud voice: “And a very good morning to you all!” Some of us looked up, greatly surprised, and ___46___ “Good morning.” in reply. Another morning, the aged man was ____47____ in a nice old suit with a tie on. The thin hair had been carefully combed. He said good morning to us as usual and we ____48____ began to nod and talk to each other. One morning this man got on the bus and with a bunch of ____49____ in his hand. They appeared a little lifeless because of the _____50_____. The driver turned around _____51_____ and asked: “Have you got yourself a girlfriend, old fellow?” He nodded shyly and said yes. The other passengers whistled and _____52_____. The man bowed and waved the flowers before he sat down on his seat. Soon autumn was coming, when one morning the man wasn’t waiting at his usual _____53_____. When he wasn’t there the next day and the day after that, we started wondering if he was sick, or, _____54_____, he was on holiday somewhere. When we came nearer to the centre for senior citizens, one of the passengers asked the driver to wait. We all held our breaths when she went to the door. Knowing who we were inquiring about, one of the staff said, “The elderly gentleman has moved to live with his girlfriend.” We sat there, crying tears of ____55____ for him. 41. A. bike B. train C. bus D. plane 42. A. curious B. silent C. careful D. talkative 43. A. left B. drove C. boarded D. cleaned 44. A. effort B. time C. money D. attention 45. A. secretly B. miserably C. energetically D. proudly 46. A. cried B. shouted C. screamed D. whispered 47. A. trapped B. dressed C. devoted D. absorbed 48. A. basically B. gradually C. suddenly D. officially 49. A. boxes B. gifts C. flowers D. luggage 50. A. wind B. heat C. cold D. shower 51. A. quietly B. rudely C. angrily D. smilingly 52. A. clapped B. asked C. nodded D. answered 53. A. stop B. seat C. centre D. service 54. A. badly B. usually C. hopefully D. helplessly 55. A. joy B. anger C. surprise D. sadness 【答案】41. C 42. B 43. C 44. D 45. C 46. D 47. B 48. B 49. C 50. B 51. D 52. A 53. A 54. C 55. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位老年乘客每天乘坐公交车，用他的热情和乐观感染了车上的其他乘客，后来当他因为和女友同居而不再乘坐这趟公交车时，乘客们都为他感到高兴并怀念他的故事。 【解析】 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们是一群来自各行各业的普通人，每天都乘坐公交车。A. bike自行车；B. train火车；C. bus公交车；D. plane飞机。根据后文“One day, a passenger who headed for the centre of senior citizens ___3___ the bus.”可知，此处是信息词bus的词汇复现。故选C。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在清晨的乘车过程中，我们昏昏欲睡地坐着，衣领竖到耳朵，无精打采，沉默寡言。A. curious好奇的；B. silent沉默的；C. careful小心的；D. talkative健谈的。根据前文“cheerless”可知，此处表示沉默寡言。故选B。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，一位前往老年中心的乘客登上了公交车。A. left离开；B. drove驾驶；C. boarded登上；D. cleaned打扫。根据后文“He walked with an arched (弓形的) back tiredly and sat down alone behind the driver.”可知，一位乘客登上了公交车。故选C。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有人太注意他。A. effort努力；B. time时间；C. money金钱；D. attention注意力。根据前文“we sat sleepily with our collars up to our ears, cheerless”可知，此处指没有人太注意他。pay attention to表示“注意”。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，七月的一个早晨，老人精力充沛地上了公交车，微笑着大声说：“大家早上好！”A. secretly秘密地；B. miserably悲惨地；C. energetically精力充沛地；D. proudly骄傲地。根据后文“smiled and said in a loud voice”可知，老人精力充沛。故选C。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们中的一些人抬起头，大为惊讶，小声回答说：“早上好。”A. cried哭喊；B. shouted大喊；C. screamed尖叫；D. whispered小声说。根据前文“we sat sleepily with our collars up to our ears, cheerless”可知，此处表示小声回答。故选D。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一天早晨，这位老人穿着一套漂亮的旧西装，打着领带。A. trapped困住；B. dressed穿着；C. devoted奉献；D. absorbed吸收。根据后文“in a nice old suit with a tie on”可知，老人穿着西装打着领带。be dressed in表示“穿着”。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他像往常一样向我们道早安，我们逐渐开始点头交谈。A. basically基本上；B. gradually逐渐地；C. suddenly突然；D. officially正式地。根据前文“He said good morning to us as usual”可知，因为老人经常打招呼，所以乘客们逐渐开始回应。故选B。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，这个人上了车，手里拿着一束花。A. boxes盒子；B. gifts礼物；C. flowers花；D. luggage行李。根据后文“The man bowed and waved the flowers before he sat down on his seat.”可知，老人手里拿着一束花。故选C。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于天气炎热，它们显得有些无精打采。A. wind风；B. heat热；C. cold冷；D. shower淋浴。根据前文“One morning”以及后文“They appeared a little lifeless”可知，因为天气炎热，所以花显得有些无精打采。故选B。 【51题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：司机笑着转过身来问：“老兄，你有女朋友了吗？”A. quietly安静地；B. rudely粗鲁地；C. angrily生气地；D. smilingly微笑着。根据后文“asked: ‘Have you got yourself a girlfriend, old fellow?’”可知，司机是笑着问老人。故选D。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他乘客吹着口哨鼓掌。A. clapped鼓掌；B. asked问；C. nodded点头；D. answered回答。根据前文“ “Have you got yourself a girlfriend, old fellow?” He nodded shyly and said yes.”可知，听到回答之后，其他乘客吹着口哨鼓掌。故选A。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不久秋天就要来了，有一天早上，那个人没有在他通常的车站等车。A. stop车站；B. seat座位；C. centre中心；D. service服务。根据后文“When he wasn’t there the next day and the day after that”可知，老人没有在他通常的车站等车。故选A。 【54题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他第二天和接下来的一天都不在那里时，我们开始想，他是不是生病了，或者，有希望的是，他在某个地方度假。A. badly严重地；B. usually通常；C. hopefully有希望地；D. helplessly无助地。根据后文“he was on holiday somewhere”可知，此处表示有希望的是，他在某个地方度假。故选C。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们坐在那里，为他流下高兴的眼泪。A. joy高兴；B. anger生气；C. surprise惊讶；D. sadness悲伤。根据前文“The elderly gentleman has moved to live with his girlfriend.”可知，因为老人和女友同居了，所以乘客们为他感到高兴。tears of joy表示“高兴的眼泪”。故选A。 2 / 58 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $