高考题型分组优化(一)阅读理解提能练-【高考快车道】2026年高考英语大一轮总复习

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦阅读理解与七选五核心题型，依据高考评价体系明确细节理解、推理判断、观点态度及篇章结构四大考查维度。通过2024全国甲卷及2025模拟题分析，细节理解题占比超50%，推理判断题占25%，系统归纳应用文、说明文等常考语篇类型的命题规律，体现备考针对性。 课件亮点在于“真题精研+题型突破+素养提升”策略，如以La Tomatina应用文为例，运用“关键词定位法”解析细节题，培养语言能力；结合圣卢卡斯医疗列车说明文训练推理题的语境逻辑分析，提升思维品质。特设易错点警示与答题模板，助力学生掌握技巧提高得分率，教师可据此精准指导复习，实现高效备考。

高考题型强化练 高考题型分组优化(一)阅读理解提能练 (30分钟　30分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共7小题;每小题2.5分,满分17.5分) A (2025·忻州模拟) La Tomatina is a food fight festival held on the last Wednesday of August each year in the town of Bunol close to Valencia in Spain.It is claimed to be the biggest food fight in the world. 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ What Happens at La Tomatina At around 11 am, many trucks carry more than one hundred tons of over-ripe tomatoes into the centre of the town, Plaza del Pueblo.Technically the festival does not begin until one brave soul has climbed to the top of a two-story-high wooden pole and reached the ham at the top.In practice this process takes a long time and the festival starts despite no one reaching the prize.The signal for the beginning of the fight is the firing of a water gun.After one hour the fighting ends and the cleaning process begins. 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ The Rules of La Tomatina Do not bring bottles or hard objects as they can cause accidents and hurt other participants; Do not tear other people’s T-shirts; You must squeeze(捏碎)the tomatoes before throwing them; As soon as you hear the second shot of the water gun, you must stop throwing tomatoes. 　 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ Useful Advice Wear old shoes and clothes that you do not mind throwing away afterwards.They will most likely end up damaged or incredibly dirty; Don’t wear slippers.You may get hurt, or you could lose them easily during the battle; If you are not from Bunol, and you want to stay overnight, don’t forget to look for and secure accommodation in advance. Stay safe and enjoy the festivities as much as possible! 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ 【语篇属性】 语篇类型 应用文 主题语境 人与社会 语篇内容 文章主要介绍了 La Tomatina的一些基本信息及注意事项 语篇 结构 Part 1 Briefly introduce La Tomatina Part 2 What Happens at La Tomatina Part 3 The Rules of La Tomatina Part 4 Useful Advice 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ 【命题意图】 1.What can we learn about La Tomatina? 第一段介绍La Tomatina的情况。这道题目旨在考查学生 对La Tomatina基本信息的理解。题目问的是我们能了解 关于La Tomatina的什么信息 2.Which of the following signals the beginning of the fight in practice? 第二段介绍La Tomatina的具体内容。 这道题目旨在考 查学生对战斗开始信号的理解。题目问的是实际上,什么 标志着战斗的开始 3.What should participants avoid doing during the fight? 第二个小标题下面介绍La Tomatina的节日规则。这道题 目旨在考查学生对节日规则的理解。题目问的是参与者 在战斗中应该避免做什么 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ 1.What can we learn about La Tomatina? A.It is an annual event. B.It takes place in Valencia. C.It lasts for a whole day. D.It hands out hams as prizes. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段“La Tomatina is a food fight festival held on the last Wednesday of August each year in the town of Bunol close to Valencia in Spain.”可知,该活动每年举行一次。 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ 2.Which of the following signals the beginning of the fight in practice? A.The arrival of the tomatoes. B.The takedown of the ham. C.The firing of a water gun. D.The climb of the wooden pole. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据 What Happens at La Tomatina中“In practice this process takes a long time and the festival starts despite no one reaching the prize.The signal for the beginning of the fight is the firing of a water gun.”可知,实际上,“战斗”开始的信号是鸣放水炮。 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ 3.What should participants avoid doing during the fight? A.Touching each other. B.Taking soft objects with them. C.Wearing shoes and T-shirts. D.Throwing unsqueezed tomatoes. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据 The Rules of La Tomatina中“You must squeeze the tomatoes before throwing them”可知,不得向别人扔未捏碎的西红柿。 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ B (2024·全国甲卷) The Saint Lukas train doesn’t accept passengers—it accepts only the sick.The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia.Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions. “People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning,” says Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two-week trip in November through the vast regions (区域) of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia. 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ Russia’s public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation.For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给).Then it starts all over again the next month.Most stations wait about a year between visits. 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ Doctors see up to 150 patients every day.The train’s equipment allows for basic checkups.“I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says Ducke.“They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.” 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ 【语篇属性】 语篇类型 说明文 主题语境 人与社会 语篇内容 文章主要讲述政府赞助的一辆名为圣卢卡斯的医疗列车为俄罗斯中部和 东部偏远城镇每年提供为期10个月的巡回医疗服务,为乡村居民提供基本 医疗检查和治疗,改善当地医疗条件 语篇 结构 Para.1 To introduce the Saint Lukas train. Para.2 To focus on the demand for medical services in these remote areas. Para.3 To discuss the challenges faced by Russia’s public health care service. Para.4 The operational pattern of the Saint Lukas train. Para.5 To emphasize the workload and conditions of the medical staff on the train. 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ 【命题意图】 4.How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains? 第一段介绍圣卢卡斯医疗列车。 这道题目旨在考查学生对第一段内容的 理解,特别是关于Saint Lukas火车与其他火车的不同之处。题目问的是 Saint Lukas火车与其他火车有何不同 5.What can we infer from Paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk? 第三段介绍了Krasnoyarsk地区的医疗状况。这道题目旨在考查学生对第 三段内容的理解。题目问的是我们能从第三段中推断出关于Krasnoyarsk 的什么信息 6.How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply? 第四段介绍了Saint Lukas火车的补给周期。这道题目旨在考查学生对第 四段内容的理解。题目问的是Saint Lukas火车在一次补给后能工作多久 7.What is Ducke’s attitude toward the Saint Lukas’ services? 第五段介绍了Ducke对Saint Lukas火车服务的态度。这道题目旨在考查学 生对第五段内容的理解。题目问的是Ducke对Saint Lukas火车服务的态度 是什么 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ 4.How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains? A.It runs across countries. B.It reserves seats for the seniors. C.It functions as a hospital. D.It travels along a river. 【解析】选C。 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,圣卢卡斯火车不接收普通乘客,只接收病人,并为乡村人口提供基本的医疗服务。因此,它的功能类似于医院。故选C。 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ 5.What can we infer from Paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk? A.It is heavily populated. B.It offers training for doctors. C.It is a modern city. D.It needs medical aid. 【解析】选D。 推理判断题。根据第三段可知,俄罗斯政府在贫困的乡村地区,如伏尔加河以东的克拉斯诺亚尔斯克,采取了一些措施来解决公共医疗服务现代化的问题,包括视频预约医生和扩展财政援助项目以激励医生在偏远地区行医。这表明克拉斯诺亚尔斯克需要医疗援助。故选D。 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ 6.How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply? A.About a year.　　　　　 B.About ten months. C.About two months. D.About two weeks. 【解析】选D。 细节理解题。根据第四段“For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock.”可知,圣卢卡斯火车每次补给可以持续工作大约两周。故选D。 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ 7.What is Ducke’s attitude toward the Saint Lukas’ services? A.Appreciative. B.Doubtful. C.Ambiguous. D.Cautious. 【解析】选A。 观点态度题。根据最后一段Ducke的话“I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned...They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.”可知,Ducke对圣卢卡斯火车提供的服务表示赞赏。故选A。 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ 【阅读障碍】 【长难句分析】 The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. 分析:整个句子的结构是:主句 + 目的状语 + 列举措施的并列的现在分词短语 + 解释目的的目的状语。句子通过这些部分详细描述了政府在特定地区为解决医疗问题所采取的措施及其目的。 翻译:政府一直在努力想出解决这个问题的措施,特别是在伏尔加河以东较贫穷的乡村地区,包括通过视频聊天安排医生的预约,以及扩大财政援助项目,以激励医生在克拉斯诺亚尔斯克等偏远地区行医。 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) (2025·广东模拟) The Path of Diligence (勤奋) Undoubtedly, diligence is one of the key factors in achieving success.While students are often encouraged to work hard at their academics, they may lack the right methods and a positive mindset.　8　.  Set clear goals To succeed academically, it’s crucial to set clear goals.　9　.Clear goals stimulate motivation, enabling you to organize your time more effectively.Moreover, setting short-term and long-term goals provides a clear sense of direction in your academic journey.  返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ Create plans and schedules 　10　.Break tasks into manageable steps, establish achievable daily plans, ensure adequate rest time, and avoid overexertion (用力过度).Properly planning your time to balance study and relaxation contributes to learning efficiency.  Foster self-discipline Learning to control yourself and maintaining discipline are keys to cultivating diligence.Establishing regular sleep patterns, minimizing irrelevant social activities, and concentrating on academic tasks are essential components of self-discipline.Consistently practicing these habits allows you to effectively tackle academic challenges. 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ 　11　  Challenges are unavoidable during the learning process.Diligent students seek assistance from teachers, peers, or professional tutors when needed.Additionally, accepting feedback (反馈) and continuously refining your study methods and skills are crucial. Maintain a positive mindset Maintaining a positive mindset is crucial when facing difficulties and challenges.Believe in your abilities, view problems as opportunities, and approach academic challenges with optimism.　12　.  返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ A.Seek help and accept feedback B.Look for help and lend a hand C.It could be a goal you desire to achieve or your friend suggests D.Here are suggestions to help you build habits and succeed academically E.To maintain diligence, creating reasonable study plans and schedules is vital F.These could be weekly study goals, semester-end targets, or long-term academic goals G.A positive mindset reduces academic stress and boosts confidence in overcoming difficulties 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何通过勤奋来取得学术上的成功,并提供了一些具体的建议。 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ 8.【解析】选D。根据上文“While students are often encouraged to work hard at their academics, they may lack the right methods and a positive mindset.”可知,接下来应该是对此提供一些建议。D选项“Here are suggestions to help you build habits and succeed academically”能承接上文,符合语境。故选D。 9.【解析】选F。根据上文“To succeed academically, it’s crucial to set clear goals.”可知,接下来应该是具体说明这些目标是什么。F选项“These could be weekly study goals, semester-end targets, or long-term academic goals”能承接上文,符合语境。故选F。 10.【解析】选E。根据上文“Create plans and schedules”可知,接下来应该是说明制订合理的学习计划和时间表的重要性。E选项“To maintain diligence, creating reasonable study plans and schedules is vital”能承接上文,符合语境。故选E。 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ 11.【解析】选A。根据下文“Challenges are unavoidable during the learning process.Diligent students seek assistance from teachers, peers, or professional tutors when needed.Additionally, accepting feedback and continuously refining your study methods and skills are crucial.”可知,本段应该是说明在遇到挑战时寻求帮助和接受反馈的重要性。A选项“Seek help and accept feedback”能概括本段主旨,符合语境。故选A。 12.【解析】选G。根据上文“Maintaining a positive mindset is crucial when facing difficulties and challenges.”可知,接下来应该是说明积极的心态如何帮助减轻学术压力并增强克服困难的信心。G选项“A positive mindset reduces academic stress and boosts confidence in overcoming difficulties”能承接上文,符合语境。故选G。 返回 Ⅱ Ⅰ $