专题02 阅读理解（说明文）（期末真题汇编，北京专用）九年级英语上学期

专题02 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京石景山·期末） 阅读下列AI应用程序介绍，请根据人物需求匹配最适合的应用程序，并将所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 AI Tools for Kids A． Duolingo Duolingo is a popular language learning app that uses AI to create different lessons for each user. The lessons are decided according to the users’ progress and performance. There are over 30 languages which make learning fun. B． Brainly Brainly is an app that helps with homework. Students can use it to find useful information across subjects like maths, science, and social studies. The app also allows students to ask questions and study with their classmates. C． Temi the Robot Temi the Robot acts as a virtual (虚拟的) playmate. It encourages kids to have conversations and express themselves freely. This robot meets their needs to develop their interests and is good for their social development. D． Code. org Code. org introduces kids to computer programming and helps them develop problem—solving skills. It offers programming exercises which are designed for young learners. This app helps them understand difficult ideas. 1 Alice I have problems with my maths and need an app which I can use to ask questions and study with other students. 2 Tom I am interested in learning a new language and prefer enjoyable lessons that fit my progress. 3 Jim I would love to improve my computer skills, especially programming skills. It’s helpful to learn to solve difficult problems. Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·北京石景山·期末） Every morning, the first thing John does is picking up his phone to check the number of likes and comments he received on social media (媒体) overnight. He feels more cheerful as he sees many people are involved. When there are hardly any replies, he feels disappointed for the whole day. John’s experience is common in today’s world, showing just how deeply technology can influence our emotions and mental (精神上的) state. In 2023, researchers did an in-depth study to examine the mental influence of social media use. They created an online survey that included questions not only about how often and how long they use social media but also about their emotional reactions during and after using these platforms (平台). Users needed to describe changes of their feelings like worry, loneliness, or happiness caused by certain social media interactions. The survey collected data from millions of users all over the world, allowing research teams to analyze ways of emotional well-being related to digital habits. They found that users who focused on likes and comments often experienced changes of feelings. Teenagers and young adults were especially weak, likely as the result of their dependence on online interactions for social connections. These findings suggest that while technology offers convenience, it also has various effects on mental health. The research showed that technology itself might not be the direct cause of mental health problems like worry; rather, it’s how people use it that makes the difference. For example, people who limit their screen time are likely to experience stronger mental well-being. This stresses the importance of mindful technology use. Other studies further show that negative effects from technology use can be avoided. In a French village, researchers did a separate experiment, encouraging users to limit their phone use and get involved in face-to-face conversations. After several weeks, users reported better mental health, with reduced levels of worry and loneliness. Such studies stress the importance of the harmony (和谐) between digital interactions and real-life relationships. In the end, while technology is a powerful tool, its effect on mental well-being largely depends on how we choose to fit it into our lives. Experts recommend having “tech-free” hours, especially during family meetings or before bed. With a thoughtful way, we can enjoy the advantages of technology without harming emotional health. 4．Why did the researchers do the study in 2023? A．To improve social media platforms. B．To encourage people to be positive users. C．To count the number of social media users worldwide. D．To understand the mental health effects of social media. 5．According to the passage, who is more likely to have problems with mental health? A．Social media runners. B．Teenagers and young adults. C．People who limit internet use. D．People who avoid family meetings. 6．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Unexpected Challenges: Changes of Social Connections B．Silent Influence: Social Media’s Effect on Emotions C．Silent Influence: Technology’s Effect on Our Minds D．Unexpected Challenges: Changes of Digital Habits 主题02 人与自我——爱好 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京朝阳·期末） 阅读下列中国景观的介绍，请根据人物需求匹配最适合的景观，并将景观所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 7 I love nature. I prefer to see some natural views, such as famous mountains, great rivers and wild plants. 8 I’m interested in Chinese history and my favorite emperor is Qin Shi Huang. I want to learn more about him. 9 I like traditional Chinese operas, such as Kunqu, very much. So I want to visit a place where I can enjoy them. A．The Terracotta Army was built by Qin Shi Huang (China’s first emperor) more than 2,000 years ago. It is known as the Eighth Wonder of the World. The figures include soldiers, horses, officers and musicians. B．Huangguoshu Waterfall, a magic natural wonder in Guizhou, China, is 77.8 meters high and 101 meters wide, offering amazing views with water and mountains. C． Zhuozheng Garden is one of the eight classical gardens in Suzhou. And it shows the beauty of gardening art. People can enjoy the beautiful buildings, gardens and Kunqu Opera there. D．The Great Wall of China is an ancient wall and it runs for over 13,000 miles. It was built with stones and bricks to protect the country. It is a symbol of China’s ancient wisdom. Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·北京门头沟·期末） Great inventions An E-book reader The e-book reader is a great invention. It can store a lot of e-books, so you can read many stories and get much knowledge in one small device (设备). And it makes reading more convenient (方便的), allowing you to read comfortably whether indoors or outdoors. B Smart speakerThe smart speaker is an amazing invention. It can play all kinds of music and answer many of your questions. Also, it can tell interesting stories. You can control it just by using your voice. It’s like a little helper at home, bringing you lots of convenience and fun to your life. C Adjustable (可调节的) desk lampThe adjustable desk lamp is a perfect invention. When painting or doing other detailed (精细的) work, good light is important. This lamp can be adjusted. You can make it brighter or darker, change the angle (角度) to shine the light right where you need it. It helps you see clearly and protects your eyes. D Fitness trackerThe fitness tracker is a wonderful invention. It can be worn on the wrist (手腕). It records steps, distance (距离), heart rate (率) and other exercise data (数据). It helps fitness lovers to know their exercise results clearly and adjust their exercise plans. 10 Alice I often paint after I finish my homework in the evening. So I need to have stable (稳定的) light. And it can help me protect my eyes. 11 Tony I really enjoy reading all kinds of books. And I often read in different places. But I don’t want to carry heavy paper books. 12 Harry I like to play my favorite music as soon as I get up. And I can also use voice orders to ask about the weather report or the news. Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·北京·期末） 阅读下列旅游景点介绍，请根据旅游爱好者的喜好和需求选择最合适的旅游景点，并将景点所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应的位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A Festival Joy Town B Tech City Welcome to Festival Joy Town, where every festival is a party! Everyone wears nice clothes with beautiful colour. Come dance with us and taste yummy food. It’s a place where you can learn about how local people live and work. Look at the city! Tall buildings reach high into the sky with lots of lights. In the science museum, you can see the newest robots and learn about space. You can even play with cool tech. It’s a place where you can see and touch the future. C Old Times Park D Nature’s Peace Valley Old cities have many stories to tell. Old Times Park is a walk through history. There are old buildings that have been around for a very long time. Each one has its own history and is important to the people who live there. It’s a place where the past comes to life. Nature’s Peace Valley is a quiet place with green hills and a clear river. Listen to the birds and see the animals playing in the wild. It’s a place where you can go fishing and cycling with friends. Come here to relax yourself and enjoy the beauty of nature. 13 I like to watch local people when travelling. I want to see how they live and work. I take photos of them when they talk or work. It’s the most interesting part of travelling. 14 During school days, I work hard. My parents are busy at work. So we often travel, near or far. We travel to relax when we’re free. We love green hills and clear rivers. 15 When travelling, I’m fond of walking through old buildings with my camera. I think it helps me better understand the history and stories of this city. 主题03 人与自我——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京·期末） Asking ChatGPT 4, an AI chatbot, to write a 100-word email might take just a few seconds. However, this convenience leads to big problems for the environment. One of the main problems is the “water footprint (水足迹 )”, the total water the AI chatbot uses in its lifetime. AI depends on data centers, which house servers (服务器) that store and manage data. Once turned on, the servers produce heat. To cool them down, engineers use pipes to bring in cold water from cooling towers to get rid of the heat. Data centers operate 24-7, making them very “thirsty”. According to The Washington Post, for every 100-word email that it creates, ChatGPT 4 needs 519 milliliters (毫升) of water, or a little more than a bottle. Each year, ChatGPT 4 uses over 435 million liters of water for writing emails alone—enough to support a common US family for 1,050 years. Meanwhile, data centers are “hungry” for electricity. The Washington Post noted that writing a 100-word email requires 0.14 kilowatt-hours of electricity, which can power 14 LED light bulbs (灯 泡) for one hour. Every year in the US, ChatGPT 4 uses up more than 120,000 megawatt-hours of power just to help write work emails. This is enough to support all homes in Washington DC for 20 days. That’s not all. An AI chatbot’s “carbon footprint” (碳足迹) starts long before the chatbot greets the public. For example, training ChatGPT 3 produced around 502 tons of carbon. This is the same as driving 112 petrol (汽油) cars for a year, according to Shirin Dora, a researcher at Loughborough University in the UK. Besides, building data centers is also a source of CO2. Now, businesses are looking for different ways to make AI more environmentally friendly. Microsoft uses cold metal plates with tubes of cold water to cool equipment (设备 ), which reduces water usage. Renewable energy is also helpful; for example, Tencent’s data center in Tianjin is powered by solar energy (太阳能). 16．How are the servers in data centers cooled down? A．By using fans. B．By using ice. C．By using cold water. D．By using solar energy. 17．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Engineers use cold pipes to cool the house servers down. B．Renewable energy is used to make AI more environmental. C．Data centers don’t need to cost a lot of electricity to operate. D．Asking ChatGPT 4 can solve big problems for the environment. 18．What is the best title of the passage? A．Ways to operate AI. B．Hidden costs behind AI. C．Protection of AI data. D．Perfect jobs done by AI. Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·北京东城·期末） Do you consider yourself a creative person? If you answered “sadly, no”, you needn’t worry! This article will change your opinion on creativity and teach you how to be creative in everyday life. Many people believe that creativity is a special talent that only a few lucky people are born with. But it’s actually a skill that everyone can learn and improve through practice. Some people think, “Creativity is not so important to me since I’m not an artist.” However, creativity is more than just artistic expression. It’s connected to everyday activities and influences the way we live, work, and communicate in our relationships. So, what’s in it for you in learning to be creative in everyday life? Creativity is a powerful tool for problem-solving. When facing a challenge, creativity encourages us to explore unusual solutions. Research shows that developing creativity can improve mental health. Whether it’s drawing, playing music, or even cooking a new dish, creative activities help reduce stress, increase self-confidence, and give you a sense of achievement. Creativity is also good for personal growth. When we push ourselves to be creative, we learn more about ourselves, our interests, and our abilities. Then how can you be creative in everyday life? First, stay curious and pay attention to the world around you. This can lead to new discoveries. For example, you can take photos of objects or views that amaze, move, or interest you from your daily life. Second, step out of your comfort zone (舒适区) and try new things. If you are not a “writer”, try writing a poem or a very short story. If you are not good at handwork, attend a woodworking or pottery workshop. Third, cooperate with people. You can often develop creativity in a cooperative environment, such as in community groups or local clubs. You may feel unskilled or silly at the beginning of your creative efforts. Don’t worry! Everyday creativity is about free self-expression and doesn’t have to be anything perfect, so stay playful and enjoy the process (过程). Creativity is as important to humans as eating healthy meals or getting exercise. It can enrich our daily experiences and help us solve problems more effectively. So, pick your favourite creative activity and make time for it today! 19．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Benefits of everyday creativity. B．Suggestions on creative activities. C．Opinions about what creativity is. D．Challenges in developing creativity. 20．Which activity is best for developing creativity? A．Copying a poem by a famous poet. B．Writing in the way you are good at. C．Exploring a new hobby like robotics. D．Practicing swimming every weekend. 21．What can we learn from the passage? A．Creativity mostly depends on natural ability. B．It’s easier to develop creativity when working alone. C．It’s hard for people to solve problems in a creative way. D．Everyday creativity is more of enjoyment than of achievement. Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·北京大兴·期末） Isn’t it strange that, when something’s funny, you might show your teeth, change your breathing, become weak and achy in some places, and maybe even cry? In other words, why do we do this funny thing—laughter? Since there’s no record of laughter, it’s impossible to say exactly how and why it developed, but scientists have some theories. Importantly, humans are not the only animals today that do something like laughter. By recording sounds, researchers in the late 90s realized that mice were doing something like laughter while being tickled (挠痒痒). Scientists have also studied at least 65 kinds of animals—mostly mammals, but also some birds—and find that they laugh during social play. By recording and studying the laughter-like sounds apes (猿类) make during play, researchers think laughter may have developed to clearly show friendliness from the beginning. But of course, we humans don’t just laugh when we’re playing, but also when we’re amused, and even surprised, confused, or nervous. Some scientists think after humans separated from other great apes and developed large social groups and more complex (复杂的) language abilities, laughter took on more purposes. They find that laughter gradually became something we could use not just during play but within speech to express meanings and to show our emotions. This is thought to be one of the reasons that laughter is contagious (传染的): it’s like an invitation to share in someone’s emotional state. Just hearing laughter can activate key areas in your brain, causing you to smile or laugh yourself. And, when people in one study watched a funny video, they laughed longer and more often when another person was present—even though they reported feeling the same level of amusement. And laughter is not just socially important; it’s also thought to be good for us. When we laugh, our brains produce feel-good chemicals and lower levels of stress. Some research even suggests that people who laugh more can deal with stress more effectively and have better health. Laughter is a universal human behavior. Babies can laugh before they can speak. Whether it’s the best medicine depends on your illness. But as something that makes life happier, strengthens relationships and perhaps improves your health, you can’t go wrong with a good laugh. 22．Why does the writer use the examples of mice and other animals in Paragraph 3? A．To show how animals laugh while being tickled. B．To prove there are records of how laughter developed. C．To show humans are not the only animals that can laugh. D．To prove humans and animals laugh for the same reason. 23．What can we learn from the passage? A．Humans laugh better than other animals. B．Laughter develops humans’ language abilities. C．People can influence each other when laughing. D．Feel-good chemicals in brain can cause laughter. 24．What is the passage mainly about? A．Some findings about laughter. B．Some purposes of humans’ laughter. C．The importance of humans’ laughter. D．The influence of laughter on others. 主题04 人与自我——阅读 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京顺义·期末） Nowadays, many people prefer audiobooks, a more convenient choice, to old-fashioned reading. You can listen to the latest bestseller while commuting or cleaning up the house. But is listening to a book really the same as reading one? There’s some evidence that reading on a screen reduces learning and comprehension (理解力) compared to reading from printed text. If you’re wondering why printed books may be better than screen-based reading, it may have to do with your inability to tell where you are in an audiobook. “As you’re reading a story, the order of events is important, and knowing where you are in a book helps you build the storyline,” says Daniel Willingham, a professor of psychology. The self-directed pace (速度) related to reading may also differentiate books from audiobooks. “About 10% to 15% of eye movements during reading are actually regressive,” Willingham explains. “This happens very quickly when a reader needs to re-read a sentence or a passage to better understand its content. And it’s sort of naturally fit into the process of reading a sentence.” He thinks this reading behavior almost certainly improves comprehension. A study in 2010 found students who listened to a podcast lesson performed worse on a comprehension quiz than students who read the same lesson on paper. Interestingly, at the start of the experiment, almost all the students wanted to be in the podcast group. “But then right before I gave them the quiz, I asked them again which group they would want to be in, and most of them had changed their minds—they wanted to be in the reading group,” Willingham says. “They knew they hadn’t learned as much.” But audiobooks also have some strengths. “Human beings have been sharing information orally for tens of thousands of years,” Willingham says, “while the printed word is a much more recent invention.” When we’re reading, we’re applying parts of the brain to the cognitive task of reading. Listeners, on the other hand, can get a lot of information from a speaker’s lively pronunciation or intonations. People who hear Shakespeare spoken out loud tend to gain a lot of meaning from the actor’s performance. All that said, if you’ re reading or listening for relaxation—not for work or study—the differences between audiobooks and print books are probably “small potatoes”. If you are not, that’s where personal preference and the specific context of your reading or listening experience come into play. 25．What does the word “regressive” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Recording what you read. B．Explaining what you read. C．Returning to what you read. D．Comparing with what you read. 26．Which of the following would Professor Willingham most probably agree with? A．Reading printed books keeps people more relaxed. B．Listening to audiobooks gives people a better understanding. C．Listening to audiobooks helps people build a clear stroyline. D．Reading printed books allows people to read at their own pace. 27．Why does the writer mention the 2010 study in Paragraph 4? A．To show the benefits of listening to audiobooks. B．To express the effectiveness of listening to audiobooks. C．To prove that printed books can make us work or study better. D．To stress that choosing what kind of books depends on our needs. 28．Who would probably choose to read printed books? A．People who are doing some housework. B．People who plan to take an oral examination. C．People who get ready to perform on the stage. D．People who prepare for the comprehension test. Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·北京昌平·期末） 下面的材料分别介绍了20世纪中外著名的作家以及他们擅长的作品类型。阅读下列作家介绍，根据人物喜好和需求进行匹配，并将作家所对应的选项填在相应位置上。其中一个选项为多余选项。 Famous 20th Century Writers A J. R. R. Tolkien J. R. R. Tolkien was born in South Africa. Many people are familiar with his famous fantasy and science fiction works. He is best known as the writer of The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit. B Dr. Seuss Dr. Seuss, an American cartoonist, is known for writing story books that have a lot of rhymes in them, making them easy for kids to learn. The Cat in the Hat and Green Eggs and Ham are his famous works. C Lu Xun Lu Xun, one of China’s greatest modern writers, is known for his sharp essays (散文) on the historical traditions of China. He also wrote many meaningful stories such as Diary of a Madman and Kong Yiji. D Cao Yu Cao Yu is a well-known Chinese playwright (剧作家) and a pioneer in modern Chinese drama. His classic plays Thunderstorm and The Family opened at Beijing People’s Art Theatre in 1954. 1. 29 My little brother is 9 years old. He likes to read easy and interesting stories. I consider buying some books for him. 2. 30 My sister is full of imagination. She is crazy about science and wants to explore the unknown world. I want to introduce some books to her. 3. 31 My cousin is interested in dramas. She enjoys watching plays in the theatre. I’d like to suggest some plays for her. 主题05 人与自我——建议 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京海淀·期末） “You always mess things up.” “What a stupid thing to do!” Have you ever said these things to yourself? The inner critic (批评者) is that voice inside your head saying you are not good enough—it constantly judges you. Inner critics develop for various reasons. The most commonly discussed one is that this voice of self-doubt comes from things we heard as kids. If parents often put themselves or their children down, those hurtful words can stick. For example, if a mom talks about her weight a lot, her daughter might start to think the same way about her own body. Similarly, if a parent criticizes the child’s grades, that child might end up giving himself up on schoolwork. Beneath the inner critic lies vulnerability (脆弱). Deep down, our critics are hurt and afraid, and develop as a maladaptive form of self-protection. Imagine coming home excited about winning a drawing contest, only to be laughed at by your older brother. The next time you achieve something, you might be unwilling to share it—or worse, not even recognize your success. This might seem smart, but it makes things harder for you in the long run. The inner critic makes quite the effort to protect us from painful experiences. It keeps us small, shy, and always on the hunt for ways to prevent shame and failure. As a wounded part in need of care, the inner critic longs to be heard and befriended. To heal (愈合) the wound, it’s important to first identify the inner critic. When you hear a voice in your head suggesting you shouldn’t try because you’ll only fail, recognize it and say:“Oh, my critic is here!” Indeed, it is part of us and isn’t going away, but doing this can create some space between you and the critic. Once you realize its presence, you can meet the inner critic with curiosity and compassion (同情), so you can recover from the hurt behind negative self-talk. Parenting experts suggest getting down on the child’s level when providing support. This works for the inner critic too. Instead of towering over it, try meeting it where it’s at. You might say, “It’s okay to feel scared sometimes. What’s causing this feeling?” or “We all make mistakes. Would you call a friend stupid for doing that?” Only by befriending your inner critic can you start to heal from the pain and fear behind its voice. It takes time and patience, but it’s worth it. Give it a try—for your own well-being. 32．Why does the writer use the examples in Paragraph 2? A．To stress the harmful effect of self-doubt. B．To describe the common problems kids face. C．To compare how different parents treat their kids. D．To explain how inner critics develop from childhood. 33．The words “a maladaptive form of self-protection” in Paragraph 3 are closest in meaning to “________”. A．an unhealthy way to stay safe B．a helpful tool to improve yourself C．an ineffective try to keep calm D．a smart method to deal with failure 34．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．The inner critic usually keeps people from feeling scared. B．The inner critic actually looks for understanding and support. C．Negative self-talk helps one create space to avoid mistakes. D．Negative self-talk can successfully push people to work harder. 35．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To advise us to silence our inner critics. B．To warn about the negative side of inner critics. C．To guide us to treat inner critics like our dear friends. D．To show advantages of making peace with inner critics. 主题01 人与自我——方法与策略 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京门头沟·期末） Learn to love who you are Expect to be treated with kindness, respect and love from a good friend? You shouldn’t have to go far to find them. Start by being you own friend. Loving yourself, also called self-love, means being as kind to yourself as you are to others. Imagine your best friend is worried or upset, then think about how you’d support him or her and try to make him or her better. Self-love means giving yourself the love, care and respect you might give your friends and family. Becky Goddard-Hill is the author of Create Your Own Confidence. He says self-love means valuing yourself at all times. “It’s speaking to yourself with kindness and encouragement, and it means taking really good care of your body and mind.” Learning to love who you are strengthens (增强) your self-esteem (自尊). This makes you believe in yourself and feel that you deserve (值得) good things—such as kind friends and fun experiences. It doesn’t mean you’ll be happy all the time, but when you do face challenges, they’ll be easier to overcome. Studies show that self-love can help friendships, schoolwork and health. “There is always someone looking out for you,” says Goddard-Hill, “because that person is you.” Love yourself better. Start by being kind, especially if you make a mistake. Instead of being angry, tell yourself that everyone gets things wrong sometimes. Then work out what you could do differently next time. Try not to compare yourself to others and remember that no one is perfect. Focus on (专注于) yourself instead. Goddard-Hill suggests writing down your advantages and asking your family and friends for their thoughts. “Keep the list somewhere safe and look at it often to remind yourself you are amazing,” she says. Before you go to bed, think about three things that went well for you that day. “This will help you see the positives (积极的方面) in your life, ” says Goddard-Hill. Give affirmations to yourself. Goddard-Hill suggests doing this three times every morning to give yourself a boost (激励) . Here are some ideas. Can you think of any more? ●I like who I am. ●I can do this. ●I am a good friend. Take time out for you. You can spend 15 minutes a day giving yourself the attention you deserve, starting with: ●Listening to your favourite music. ●Going for a walk or bike ride. ●Cuddling (搂抱) your pet. ●Reading a book in bed. 1．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A．What self-love means. B．To be kind to yourself. C．Why self-love matters. D．To give yourself love, care and respect. 2．What does the word “affirmations” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Strange ideas. B．Encouraging words. C．Difficult questions. D．Discouraging thoughts. 3．According to the passage, which of the following is a way to take time out for yourself? A．Watching TV all day. B．Helping others with their problems. C．Talking to friends for hours. D．Enjoying light music before going to bed. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To help readers to focus on their advantages. B．To tell readers how to improve their friendship. C．To encourage readers to love and value themselves. D．To show readers the importance of being kind to others. Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·北京昌平·期末） Do you know the weight of 30,000 adult Asian elephants? It’s about 150,000 tons. That’s how much land—based plastic trash is produced by humans across the globe within a single hour, 10 times the amount a century ago, according to World Bank researchers. Yet there are a growing number of young people, whose yearly trash output can be small enough to fit inside an eight—ounce mason jar. Actually, they’re leading a zero—waste lifestyle, a way of living that aims to reduce trash production to as close to zero as possible. They say it saves them money and time and enriches their lives. Kathryn Kellogg is one of them. “We saved about $5,000 a year by shopping for fresh food instead of packaged food, buying wholesale, and making our own cleaners and shopping bags,” says Kellogg, who lives with her husband in a small house in Vallejo, California. Kellogg shares the details of their efforts, along with practical tips and encouragement on her blog goingzerowaste. com, for others looking to a zero—waste lifestyle. “There’s a fear of being left out when you try to do things differently,” Kellogg says. “But it’s not a big change to clean up the dust with a cloth towel instead of a paper towel.” “I think many people are ready to cut their waste,” says Kellogg. However, she doesn’t want them to fixate (痴迷于) on trying to put all their trash into a jar. “Zero—waste is really about trying to minimize (最小化) your trash and making better choices in your life,” she says. “Just do the best you can.” Kellogg suggests many practices that were common before the times of plastics and disposable (一次性的) products. Think cloth napkins and handkerchiefs, vinegar (醋) and water for cleaning, glass meal boxes for left—overs, cloth shopping bags. These, and similar old—school solutions, produce no waste and are cheaper in the long run. “Going zero—waste means questioning what’s normal and thinking outside the box,” Kellogg says. As one example, she mentions that she loves pancakes but hates making them. As a zero—waste blogger, she refused to buy packaged ones at food shops. Finally, she hit on the solution: buy a dozen of fresh—made ones from a local Mexican restaurant. The restaurant was even happy to put the pancakes in Kellogg’s reusable meal box because it saves them money. Living a zero—waste lifestyle is a journey, it doesn’t happen overnight. But it’s worth the effort. Let’s move towards zero waste with small steps. 5．Why does the writer use the example of elephants in Paragraph 1? A．To stress the importance of elephants. B．To introduce a way of recycling trash. C．To show the large amount of plastic trash. D．To describe a result of waste management. 6．Which of the following would Kellogg most probably agree with? A．To buy a chocolate gift box for friends. B．To clean up the dust with a paper towel. C．To keep as much trash as possible in a jar. D．To store the left—overs in a glass lunch box. 7．What does the underlined word “practices” in Paragraph 6 most probably mean? A．Ways of making common products B．Methods of minimizing daily waste. C．Actions of buying supplies at lower cost. D．Processes of collecting old—school things. 8．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To call for the actions of taking on a zero—waste lifestyle. B．To compare some practical tips on a zero—waste lifestyle. C．To discuss the benefits of adopting a zero—waste lifestyle. D．To point out the popularity of living a zero—waste lifestyle. 主题02 人与自我——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京朝阳·期末） In today’s high-speed world, it’s easy to get caught up in the daily tasks and forget about those that bring us joy. As you create your goals for 2025, consider adding one to experience more flow. Psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi has called flow “the secret to happiness”. Flow is a state of positive experience which is characterized by great joy that makes a life worth living. Each of us can bring it into our everyday lives. the book named Flow When people feel flow, they are in a state of strong focus. Their thoughts center on an experience rather than on themselves. They lose a sense of time and feel as if their actions and awareness become one. Flow appears when both the task’s challenge and skill level are high. People will not feel flow when they are doing the dishes. Csikszentmihalyi’s research in the 1970s was aimed at people doing tasks they enjoyed. He studied swimmers, music composers, dancers, mountain climbers and other athletes. He found out that as long as that task’s challenge is high, and so are your skills, you should be able to achieve flow. Flow is seen as “the secret to happiness”. For one thing, the experience can help people work towards their long-term goals. Research shows that taking a break to feel flow can improve one’s self-control, goal-achieving and well-being. A recent study also shows that flow could make people resilient in the face of difficulty. Part of this is because flow can help redirect thoughts away from something stressful to something enjoyable. In fact, studies have shown that experiencing flow can help guard against sadness and burnout. What is going on in the brain during flow? Studies show that the experience is connected with increasing excitement in brain parts related to feeling satisfied. This may be one reason why flow feels so enjoyable and why people are so focused on tasks that make them feel flow. Research also shows that when people are in “flow”, there’s less activity in brain parts that deal with self-focus and negative thoughts. This may help explain why feeling flow can help distract (转移) people from worry. However, the above-mentioned studies were related, not causal (随意的). Further study of this connection is of great importance. 9．According to the passage, flow is most likely to appear when someone is ________. A．attending a concert of his favorite singer B．playing chess against a strong competitor C．doing daily chores for his family members D．sharing his traveling experience with friends 10．Flow is called “the secret to happiness” partly because it can help ________. A．turn difficult tasks into easier ones B．draw people away from bad thoughts C．remind people to take necessary breaks D．break long-term goals into shorter ones 11．What does the word “resilient” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Easily influenced. B．Achieve a great improvement. C．Completely fail. D．Able to become strong again. 12．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．When does the state of “flow” appear? B．What happens in our brain during “flow”? C．Why does experiencing “flow” feel so good? D．How can “flow” be achieved in everyday life? Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·北京大兴·期末） Isn’t it strange that, when something’s funny, you might show your teeth, change your breathing, become weak and achy in some places, and maybe even cry? In other words, why do we do this funny thing—laughter? Since there’s no record of laughter, it’s impossible to say exactly how and why it developed, but scientists have some theories. Importantly, humans are not the only animals today that do something like laughter. By recording sounds, researchers in the late 90s realized that mice were doing something like laughter while being tickled (挠痒痒). Scientists have also studied at least 65 kinds of animals—mostly mammals, but also some birds—and find that they laugh during social play. By recording and studying the laughter-like sounds apes (猿类) make during play, researchers think laughter may have developed to clearly show friendliness from the beginning. But of course, we humans don’t just laugh when we’re playing, but also when we’re amused, and even surprised, confused, or nervous. Some scientists think after humans separated from other great apes and developed large social groups and more complex (复杂的) language abilities, laughter took on more purposes. They find that laughter gradually became something we could use not just during play but within speech to express meanings and to show our emotions. This is thought to be one of the reasons that laughter is contagious (传染的): it’s like an invitation to share in someone’s emotional state. Just hearing laughter can activate key areas in your brain, causing you to smile or laugh yourself. And, when people in one study watched a funny video, they laughed longer and more often when another person was present—even though they reported feeling the same level of amusement. And laughter is not just socially important; it’s also thought to be good for us. When we laugh, our brains produce feel-good chemicals and lower levels of stress. Some research even suggests that people who laugh more can deal with stress more effectively and have better health. Laughter is a universal human behavior. Babies can laugh before they can speak. Whether it’s the best medicine depends on your illness. But as something that makes life happier, strengthens relationships and perhaps improves your health, you can’t go wrong with a good laugh. 13．Why does the writer use the examples of mice and other animals in Paragraph 3? A．To show how animals laugh while being tickled. B．To prove there are records of how laughter developed. C．To show humans are not the only animals that can laugh. D．To prove humans and animals laugh for the same reason. 14．What can we learn from the passage? A．Humans laugh better than other animals. B．Laughter develops humans’ language abilities. C．People can influence each other when laughing. D．Feel-good chemicals in brain can cause laughter. 15．What is the passage mainly about? A．Some findings about laughter. B．Some purposes of humans’ laughter. C．The importance of humans’ laughter. D．The influence of laughter on others. 主题03 人与自我——个人发展 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京丰台·期末） Is your glass half-empty or half-full? How you answer this question may show your outlook on life, your attitude towards yourself, and whether you’re optimistic or pessimistic — and it may even affect your health. Some studies show that personality can affect many areas of your health. The positive thinking that usually comes with optimism is a key part of effective stress management. And effective stress management is connected with many health benefits. If you tend to (倾向于) be pessimistic, don’t despair — you can learn positive thinking skills. Positive thinking doesn’t mean that you disregard less pleasant situations in your life. Positive thinking just means that you deal with unpleasantness in a more positive and productive way. Positive thinking often starts with self-talk. Self-talk is the endless stream of unspoken thoughts that run through your head. These automatic (无意识的) thoughts can be positive or negative. If the thoughts are mostly negative, your outlook on life is more likely pessimistic. If your thoughts are mostly positive, you’re likely an optimist — someone who practices positive thinking. Researchers continue to explore the effects of positive thinking and optimism on health. They found that people who had a more positive outlook were more likely to get regular physical exercise, eat a healthier diet, and get more quality sleep. Clearly, there are many benefits of positive thinking. But why does positive thinking have such a strong effect on physical and mental health? One reason is that having a positive outlook enables you to deal better with stressful situations, which reduces the harmful health effects of stress on your body. It’s also thought that positive and optimistic people tend to live healthier lifestyles — they get more physical activities and follow a healthier diet. Even if you are not a natural-born optimist, there are things you can do to learn how to think more positively and become a positive thinker. Here are some examples of negative self-talk and ways to turn them into positive thinking. Negative self-talk I’ve never done it before. There’s no way it will work. No one communicates with me. I’m not going to get any better at this. Positive thinking It’s an opportunity to learn something new. I can try to make it work. I’ll see if I can start the conversation. I’ll give it another try. If you tend to have a negative outlook, don’t expect to become an optimist overnight. But with practice, gradually your self-talk will have less self-criticism (自我批判) and more self-acceptance. You may also become less critical of the world around you. 16．The word “disregard” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”. A．lose interest in B．set a limit on C．look forward to D．pay no attention to 17．Which of the following examples shows positive thinking? A．I can work this out with time. B．This problem is beyond me. C．I don’t have the resources. D．I don’t think I can do it. 18．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．pessimistic thinkers are born with it B．pessimists always have bad sleep quality C．positive thinkers manage stressful situations well D．having a positive outlook helps you avoid unpleasantness 19．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing the passage? A．To introduce optimism and pessimism. B．To show how self-talk affects the thoughts. C．To highlight the benefits of positive thinking. D．To encourage people to be positive by practicing. Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·北京石景山·期末） Almost every student has felt the pressure from a full schedule (日程表) and the need for meaningful moments. Emily is a hard-working student with a full schedule, and yet she often feels like something is missing. Similarly, Chris spends his evenings going to different sports clubs, but finds himself wondering if he’s truly enjoying his experience. These stories mirror a common paradox (悖论) among students today: although they are busier than ever, many feel unfulfilled. This paradox can lead to various problems such as stress, worry, and even burnout. Studies show that having a continually full schedule can actually harm happiness. When students are focused only on completing tasks and meeting expectations, they may lose sight of the activities that truly bring them joy. This pressure can finally lead to tiredness and a loss of motivation. One reason for this paradox is that students often feel pressure to stay busy to be “successful”. Parents, teachers, and even friends may highlight the importance of achievements at school and college preparation. As a result, students can feel like they need to fill every hour with productive activities to meet these expectations. However, this non-stop busyness can sometimes lead them away from what truly matters to them, such as hobbies or time with friends, which actually help to build a happy life. To address this problem, students need to learn to balance their responsibilities with activities that bring enjoyment. Experts suggest that students discover the activities that match their own interests and values, rather than simply what looks good on a college application (申请). By managing their schedules to include both productive and relaxing activities, students can develop a healthier relationship with their time. The key to solving this paradox lies in creating a school culture that values happiness as well as achievement. By encouraging students to pursue their passions and enjoy moments outside of schoolwork, parents, teachers, and peers can help reduce the pressure to continually be busy. Open conversations about managing stress and organizing meaningful activities can support students in developing a balanced, fulfilling school experience. While balancing busy schedules and happiness is challenging, understanding this paradox can help students make mindful choices about how they spend their time. With deep thinking, planning, and support from their community, students can make room for both learning success and personal fulfillment, leading to a healthier, more rewarding school journey. 20．Why does the writer use the examples of Emily and Chris in Paragraph 1? A．To start a debate. B．To lead in a topic. C．To make a conclusion. D．To draw a comparison. 21．What do the words “pursue their passions” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A．Follow what they love. B．Solve their problems. C．Fight for what they want. D．Study for a good future. 22．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．a busy schedule is necessary for having success B．addressing the paradox helps with college applications C．enjoying meaningful moments supports students’ happiness D．social activities are more important than learning achievement 23．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To encourage schools to design full schedules for students. B．To highlight the need for students to be continually productive. C．To show how after-school classes benefit students’ college applications. D．To stress the importance of balancing busyness with personal fulfillment. 主题04 人与社会——生活与科技 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京通州·期末） In today’s rapidly-changing world, technology is continuously advancing and reshaping many industries. One of the most important advancements in recent years is the use of artificial intelligence (人工智能) in the creative field. Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation (模拟) of human intelligence by machines, especially computer systems. In the creative industry, AI is used to produce outputs, and improve creative work and user experience. For example, AI has changed the world of art by allowing artists to create different and new pieces using AI-powered tools. The music industry has also been changed a lot by AI. Now there is AI-created music and personalized music suggestions for users. AI systems can guess which songs will be popular and create music that simulates the ways of famous artists. AI has also greatly influenced the field of design by making the creative practice simpler and improving design abilities. Designers can use AI tools to automate (使自动化) tasks and make designs better for certain needs of users. While AI provides lots of benefits for the creative industry, it also brings about problems. One big worry is the possible loss of human creativity and originality with the rise of AI-produced works. Some argue that AI is short of the emotional (感情的) depth that human creativity has. However, AI also presents exciting chances for collaboration between humans and machines in the creative practice. By making use of AI tools, artists, musicians, and designers can explore new ideas and break through the limits of creativity, and reach more people. AI can also make art, music, and design easier to get by people around the world. In the future, we can expect to see AI-produced works as well as human-created artworks, music, and designs. It will lead to a new age of creativity and originality in the creative industry. AI is reshaping the creative industry by making creators able to think outside the box, experiment with new ideas, and connect with people in more meaningful ways. While AI gives rise to problems, there is no doubt that it will change the ways we create, experience and value art, music and design. 24．Why does the writer use the examples in Paragraph 2? A．To tell why AI can create things as humans do. B．To list which fields require AI to develop rapidly. C．To show how AI influences the creative industry. D．To explain what new AI-powered tools are needed. 25．What does the underlined word “collaboration” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．Comparison. B．Competition. C．Similarity. D．Teamwork. 26．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．It is impossible for AI systems to create music like that of famous artists. B．AI-produced works have more emotional depth than human-created works. C．The use of AI has led to the loss of human creativity and originality. D．It is valuable for AI to offer more personalized user experience. 27．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To compare the works created by AI and humans. B．To prove the importance of AI for developing creativity. C．To introduce technologies that speed up the advancements of AI. D．To explain the ways creators use to solve the problems of AI. Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·北京顺义·期末） On 20 July 1969, the world celebrated an important moment in history when American astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first man to walk on the moon, making a giant leap for humanity. For more than five decades (十年), human beings have made numerous attempts to understand the space environment. These efforts have paid off, sparking innovations (激发创新) in science and technology and generating (产生) much interest in science and science education. Today, we are in a better position to understand our universe and the solar system in which we live, thanks to space exploration. Space exploration has made advances in the areas of science and technology which have benefited humans and improved the quality of life on Earth. Several societal benefits are linked to new knowledge and technology from space exploration such as solar panels, satellite communications, global positioning system (GPS), and weather forecasting. The development of satellite technology, for example, provides valuable information about climate change such as the thinning of the ozone layer, enabling governments around the world to take action to protect the ozone layer and manage climate change. With the excitement and curiosity generated, space exploration is attracting young people to careers in engineering, science, technology, and mathematics, which helps to expand the global capacity for innovations in science and technology. Even if interested youngsters do not end up in a job in these areas, space technology sparks their imagination about the possibility of life beyond Earth and space travel. Space exploration continues to encourage human imagination, inspiring people to write stories and create movies, photographs, and songs about space exploration. Despite the many benefits, space exploration has often been criticized for its high cost. According to the University of Florida, it costs about $500 million to launch a space shuttle, and many argue that this money could be better spent on solving the problems on Earth such as hunger, pollution, diseases, and climate change. Although space exploration cannot directly provide immediate solutions to these problems, it generates many useful technologies and new knowledge in sciences necessary to improve the conditions of human life on Earth. Every year, about a thousand innovations generated in the space programs find their way into earthly technology that leads to better farming technology to increase food production, better medical instruments to improve diagnosis and treatment, and more energy-efficient vehicles to mitigate climate change. Accordingly, the money spent on space exploration does eventually benefit human beings. There is no doubt that space exploration has produced many benefits for humanity, with significant contributions to the fields of science and technology. It has also encouraged many to understand Earth and the universe in a deeper way. In the coming decade, we can continue to look forward to more exciting discoveries as more human and robotic missions are planned to destinations such as the moon and Mars. We may eventually even find another planet where humans can live. 28．What benefit does space exploration probably bring us directly? A．Solutions to diseases. B．Better medical instruments. C．Global warming. D．Information about climate change. 29．What can we learn from the passage? A．Space exploration is criticized for having few benefits for humans and society. B．Space exploration is mainly aimed at finding another planet to live on. C．Space exploration inspires people to choose some imaginative work. D．Space exploration solves the pollution problems directly. 30．What is the passage mainly about? A．The future discoveries in space. B．The benefits of space exploration. C．The solutions to problems on Earth. D．The advantages of science and technology. 主题05 人与自然——动植物 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京丰台·期末） Welcoming four-legged friends into the classroom is becoming popular across the country. And research shows that therapy-dog (治疗犬) programs provide significant (重要的) benefits for students. According to the Alliance of Therapy Dogs, “Therapy dogs have been called ‘miracle workers’ because of their calming effect on students and teachers.” There is an obvious difference between service dogs and therapy dogs. Service dogs help those with specific disabilities, such as problems with eyesight. Therapy dogs are trained to provide health and social-emotional benefits. Tarah Randazzo is a middle school counselor (顾问) at Greenfield Middle School in Wisconsin. She has a yellow labrador (拉布拉多), Archie, a certified (认证的) therapy dog that she brings with her to school a couple of days each week. She says students love Archie days, and he brings so many positive benefits, like increased attendance, better problem-solving, and just overall (全面的) calmness to middle school life. “I’ve noticed that when students are really upset, just being near Archie makes a big difference.” Randazzo says. Dogs in the classroom provide both physical and emotional health benefits for students. According to one study published by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), having a dog present in the classroom promotes (提升) a positive mood and provides significant anti-stress effects on the body. In fact, the simple act of petting a dog has the effect of lowering blood pressure and heart rate. Pet therapy also lowers stress hormones (荷尔蒙). In other words, just being in contact with a therapy dog calms kids down when they’re upset. And reducing feelings of anxiety and depression (沮丧) enables them to focus on learning. Perhaps the greatest benefit of therapy dogs in the classroom is the effect on students’ social-emotional development. Loving and lovable, dogs are friendly companions and good listeners who make no judgements. Children bond (建立亲密关系) easily with these gentle creatures, helping them feel more connected and confident. This helps reduce bad behavior and anger. The positive effect of therapy dogs begins in life and extends into schools, helping students become more caring and understanding. Let’s support their presence in schools to create a better educational experience for everyone. 31．Why does the writer mention Archie in Paragraph 3? A．To explain why therapy dogs can calm kids down. B．To prove therapy dogs are better than service dogs. C．To show the benefits therapy dogs bring to students. D．To discuss if therapy dogs improve students’ learning. 32．According to the passage, who would benefit most from therapy dogs? A．Counselors who train the therapy dogs. B．Students who feel anxious about the grades. C．Students who have problems with their eyesight. D．Teachers who want their students to do better in studies. 33．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Therapy Dogs: Classroom Companions B．Therapy Dogs: Classroom Managers C．Therapy Dogs: Learning Coaches D．Therapy Dogs: Lesson Planners Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·北京大兴·期末） Plants face many challenges during their lifetimes. Unlike animals, plants cannot hide during a storm or move away from an insect attack. Instead, they must stand still and deal with every challenge that comes their way. This has made plants masters of self-defense (防御) and experts at adapting (适应) themselves to changes in their environments. One way plants can change to deal with challenges is through a process called natural selection (选择). This is usually a very slow process in which those plants that are best adapted to their environments produce the most offspring, or seeds. Adaptations could be sharp thorns (刺) that protect a plant from being eaten by a giraffe, or poisonous (有毒的) leaves that protect it from insects. However, change through natural selection usually happens very slowly. In long-lived plants like trees, it can take hundreds of years. Luckily, there is another, much quicker way. This type of change is controlled by something called epigenetics. Epigenetic marks on the DNA control how compacted (“turned off”) or loose  (“turned on”) the DNA is. This change is especially important in long-lived trees, like conifers (针叶树), as they may face more environmental conditions in their lifetimes. It allows conifers to remember the stressful past and be better prepared for the future. Conifers can form “memories” because of many kinds of environmental challenges, such as temperature conditions, insect attacks and so on. One environmental signal (信号) that can trigger conifer memories is the temperature the baby trees experienced when the seeds were developing. Trees that developed at different temperatures show different timing in terms of when new leaves appear in spring. New leaves appear earlier on trees from seeds at lower temperatures, and trees developed at warmer temperatures grow new leaves later in the season. Treating conifers with plant-made defense chemicals can also cause memories. When small conifer trees are treated with plant-made defense chemicals in the fall, they are better able to defend themselves against insect attacks when they are planted out in the forest in spring. Trees remember the past—not with brains, like us, but through epigenetic changes. There are still a lot of things we do not know about how and how long trees can remember the past. When we have learned more about tree epigenetics, we can perhaps grow new forests that are better at dealing with climate change, insect attacks and diseases. 34．What do you know about natural selection from the passage? A．The ability of hiding during a storm is an example of natural selection. B．Natural selection allows plants to change rapidly to their environments. C．The ability of growing sharp thorns is a result of natural selection. D．Natural selection is a slow process that is environmental-friendly. 35．The word “trigger” in Paragraph 4 most probably means “________”. A．start to change B．cause…to work C．start to share D．cause…to lose 36．What would the writer most probably agree with? A．Epigenetic change is better than natural selection. B．Temperature can influence the size of conifer leaves. C．Climate change can help conifers to deal with insect attacks. D．More epigenetics knowledge is needed to help trees grow better. 37．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Tree Masters: How Can Trees Deal With Climate Change? B．Tree Experts: How Can Trees Make More Seeds in Spring? C．Tree Challenges: How Can Trees Live During Insect Attacks? D．Tree Memories: How Can Trees Remember Without a Brain? / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京石景山·期末） 阅读下列AI应用程序介绍，请根据人物需求匹配最适合的应用程序，并将所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 AI Tools for Kids A． Duolingo Duolingo is a popular language-learning app that uses AI to create different lessons for each user. The lessons are decided according to the users’ progress and performance. There are over 30 languages which make learning fun. B． Brainly Brainly is an app that helps with homework. Students can use it to find useful information across subjects like maths, science, and social studies. The app also allows students to ask questions and study with their classmates. C． Temi the Robot Temi the Robot acts as a virtual (虚拟的) playmate. It encourages kids to have conversations and express themselves freely. This robot meets their needs to develop their interests and is good for their social development. D． Code. org Code. org introduces kids to computer programming and helps them develop problem—solving skills. It offers programming exercises which are designed for young learners. This app helps them understand difficult ideas. 1 Alice I have problems with my maths and need an app which I can use to ask questions and study with other students. 2 Tom I am interested in learning a new language and prefer enjoyable lessons that fit my progress. 3 Jim I would love to improve my computer skills, especially programming skills. It’s helpful to learn to solve difficult problems. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 【导语】本文根据人物需求，将相应的AI应用程序与之相匹配。 1．根据空后的“Alice I have problems with my maths and need an app which I can use to ask questions and study with other students.”可知，爱丽丝需要一个应用程序来学习数学，用它来提问和与其他学生们一起学习，选项B“Brainly Brainly是一款帮助完成家庭作业的应用程序。学生们可以使用它来查找数学、科学和社会研究等学科的有用信息。该应用程序还允许学生提问并与同学们一起学习。”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据空后的“Tom I am interested in learning a new language and prefer enjoyable lessons that fit my progress.”可知，汤姆对学习一门新语言感兴趣，更喜欢适合自己进步的愉快课程，选项A“多邻国 多邻国是一款流行的语言学习应用程序，它使用人工智能为每个用户创建不同的课程。课程是根据用户的进度和表现来决定的。有30多种语言让学习变得有趣。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据空后的“Jim I would love to improve my computer skills, especially programming skills. It’s helpful to learn to solve difficult problems.”可知，吉姆想提高计算机技能，尤其是编程技能，认为学会解决难题是有帮助的，选项D“Code. org Code. org向孩子们介绍计算机编程，并帮助他们培养解决问题的能力。它提供专为年轻学习者设计的编程练习。这个应用程序可以帮助他们理解困难的想法。”符合语境。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·北京石景山·期末） Every morning, the first thing John does is picking up his phone to check the number of likes and comments he received on social media (媒体) overnight. He feels more cheerful as he sees many people are involved. When there are hardly any replies, he feels disappointed for the whole day. John’s experience is common in today’s world, showing just how deeply technology can influence our emotions and mental (精神上的) state. In 2023, researchers did an in-depth study to examine the mental influence of social media use. They created an online survey that included questions not only about how often and how long they use social media but also about their emotional reactions during and after using these platforms (平台). Users needed to describe changes of their feelings like worry, loneliness, or happiness caused by certain social media interactions. The survey collected data from millions of users all over the world, allowing research teams to analyze ways of emotional well-being related to digital habits. They found that users who focused on likes and comments often experienced changes of feelings. Teenagers and young adults were especially weak, likely as the result of their dependence on online interactions for social connections. These findings suggest that while technology offers convenience, it also has various effects on mental health. The research showed that technology itself might not be the direct cause of mental health problems like worry; rather, it’s how people use it that makes the difference. For example, people who limit their screen time are likely to experience stronger mental well-being. This stresses the importance of mindful technology use. Other studies further show that negative effects from technology use can be avoided. In a French village, researchers did a separate experiment, encouraging users to limit their phone use and get involved in face-to-face conversations. After several weeks, users reported better mental health, with reduced levels of worry and loneliness. Such studies stress the importance of the harmony (和谐) between digital interactions and real-life relationships. In the end, while technology is a powerful tool, its effect on mental well-being largely depends on how we choose to fit it into our lives. Experts recommend having “tech-free” hours, especially during family meetings or before bed. With a thoughtful way, we can enjoy the advantages of technology without harming emotional health. 4．Why did the researchers do the study in 2023? A．To improve social media platforms. B．To encourage people to be positive users. C．To count the number of social media users worldwide. D．To understand the mental health effects of social media. 5．According to the passage, who is more likely to have problems with mental health? A．Social media runners. B．Teenagers and young adults. C．People who limit internet use. D．People who avoid family meetings. 6．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Unexpected Challenges: Changes of Social Connections B．Silent Influence: Social Media’s Effect on Emotions C．Silent Influence: Technology’s Effect on Our Minds D．Unexpected Challenges: Changes of Digital Habits 【答案】4．D 5．B 6．C 【导语】本文讲述了社会媒体和科技对情绪和心理状态的影响，特别是如何使用这些技术对心理健康的影响。 4．细节理解题。根据“In 2023, researchers did an in-depth study to examine the mental influence of social media use.”可知，该项研究的目的在于了解社交媒体对心理健康的影响。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“Teenagers and young adults were especially weak, likely as the result of their dependence on online interactions for social connections.”可知，由于依赖在线互动来建立社交联系，青少年和年轻人更有可能有心理健康问题。故选B。 6．最佳标题题题。通读全文可知，本文探讨了科技对心理健康的影响，研究表明，科技本身并非心理问题的直接原因，而是人们使用科技的方式决定了其影响。过度使用科技会导致心理健康问题，而限制使用科技则有利于心理健康。故选C。 主题02 人与自我——爱好 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京朝阳·期末） 阅读下列中国景观的介绍，请根据人物需求匹配最适合的景观，并将景观所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 7 I love nature. I prefer to see some natural views, such as famous mountains, great rivers and wild plants. 8 I’m interested in Chinese history and my favorite emperor is Qin Shi Huang. I want to learn more about him. 9 I like traditional Chinese operas, such as Kunqu, very much. So I want to visit a place where I can enjoy them. A．The Terracotta Army was built by Qin Shi Huang (China’s first emperor) more than 2,000 years ago. It is known as the Eighth Wonder of the World. The figures include soldiers, horses, officers and musicians. B．Huangguoshu Waterfall, a magic natural wonder in Guizhou, China, is 77.8 meters high and 101 meters wide, offering amazing views with water and mountains. C． Zhuozheng Garden is one of the eight classical gardens in Suzhou. And it shows the beauty of gardening art. People can enjoy the beautiful buildings, gardens and Kunqu Opera there. D．The Great Wall of China is an ancient wall and it runs for over 13,000 miles. It was built with stones and bricks to protect the country. It is a symbol of China’s ancient wisdom. 【答案】7．B 8．A 9．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了三个人的喜好和四个景点。 7．根据“I love nature. I prefer to see some natural views, such as famous mountains, great rivers and wild plants.”可知，Susan喜欢自然。选项B“黄果树瀑布是中国贵州的一个神奇的自然奇观，高77.8米，宽101米，提供了令人惊叹的水和山的景色。”符合Susan的喜好。故选B。 8．根据“I’m interested in Chinese history and my favorite emperor is Qin Shi Huang. I want to lear more about him.”可知，Jack喜欢中国历史和秦始皇。选项A“兵马俑是2000多年前由秦始皇（中国第一位皇帝）建造的。它被称为世界第八大奇迹。兵马俑包括士兵、马匹、军官和音乐家。”符合Jack的喜好。故选A。 9．根据“I like traditional Chinese operas, such as Kunqu, very much. So I want to visit a place where I can enjoy them.”可知，Tim喜欢昆曲等中国传统戏曲。选项C“拙政园是苏州八大古典园林之一，充分体现了园林艺术之美，人们可以在这里欣赏到美丽的建筑、园林和昆曲。”符合Tim的喜好。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·北京门头沟·期末） Great inventions An E-book reader The e-book reader is a great invention. It can store a lot of e-books, so you can read many stories and get much knowledge in one small device (设备). And it makes reading more convenient (方便的), allowing you to read comfortably whether indoors or outdoors. B Smart speakerThe smart speaker is an amazing invention. It can play all kinds of music and answer many of your questions. Also, it can tell interesting stories. You can control it just by using your voice. It’s like a little helper at home, bringing you lots of convenience and fun to your life. C Adjustable (可调节的) desk lampThe adjustable desk lamp is a perfect invention. When painting or doing other detailed (精细的) work, good light is important. This lamp can be adjusted. You can make it brighter or darker, change the angle (角度) to shine the light right where you need it. It helps you see clearly and protects your eyes. D Fitness trackerThe fitness tracker is a wonderful invention. It can be worn on the wrist (手腕). It records steps, distance (距离), heart rate (率) and other exercise data (数据). It helps fitness lovers to know their exercise results clearly and adjust their exercise plans. 10 Alice I often paint after I finish my homework in the evening. So I need to have stable (稳定的) light. And it can help me protect my eyes. 11 Tony I really enjoy reading all kinds of books. And I often read in different places. But I don’t want to carry heavy paper books. 12 Harry I like to play my favorite music as soon as I get up. And I can also use voice orders to ask about the weather report or the news. 【答案】10．C 11．A 12．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。根据人物需求匹配发明的题目，理解每个发明的功能以及人物的具体需求，然后进行对应。 10．根据“Alice”“I often paint after I finish my homework in the evening. So I need to have stable (稳定的) light. And it can help me protect my eyes.”可知，Alice经常在晚上完成作业后画画，需要稳定的光线且能保护眼睛。“C Adjustable (可调节的) desk lamp”能调节亮度、角度，提供稳定光线并保护眼睛，符合其需求。故选C。 11．根据“Tony”“I really enjoy reading all kinds of books. And I often read in different places. But I don’t want to carry heavy paper books.”可知，Tony喜欢阅读各种书籍，常在不同地方阅读，不想携带沉重的纸质书。“An E-book reader”能存储很多电子书，方便在不同地方阅读，符合其需求。故选A。 12．根据“Harry”“I like to play my favorite music as soon as I get up. And I can also use voice orders to ask about the weather report or the news.”可知，Harry一起床就想播放喜欢的音乐，还能用语音指令询问天气预报或新闻。“B Smart speaker”可以播放各种音乐并且能回答很多问题，还能通过语音控制，符合Harry的需求，故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·北京·期末） 阅读下列旅游景点介绍，请根据旅游爱好者的喜好和需求选择最合适的旅游景点，并将景点所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应的位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A Festival Joy Town B Tech City Welcome to Festival Joy Town, where every festival is a party! Everyone wears nice clothes with beautiful colour. Come dance with us and taste yummy food. It’s a place where you can learn about how local people live and work. Look at the city! Tall buildings reach high into the sky with lots of lights. In the science museum, you can see the newest robots and learn about space. You can even play with cool tech. It’s a place where you can see and touch the future. C Old Times Park D Nature’s Peace Valley Old cities have many stories to tell. Old Times Park is a walk through history. There are old buildings that have been around for a very long time. Each one has its own history and is important to the people who live there. It’s a place where the past comes to life. Nature’s Peace Valley is a quiet place with green hills and a clear river. Listen to the birds and see the animals playing in the wild. It’s a place where you can go fishing and cycling with friends. Come here to relax yourself and enjoy the beauty of nature. 13 I like to watch local people when travelling. I want to see how they live and work. I take photos of them when they talk or work. It’s the most interesting part of travelling. 14 During school days, I work hard. My parents are busy at work. So we often travel, near or far. We travel to relax when we’re free. We love green hills and clear rivers. 15 When travelling, I’m fond of walking through old buildings with my camera. I think it helps me better understand the history and stories of this city. 【答案】13．A 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了三个旅游爱好者的喜好以及四个旅游景点。 13．根据“I like to watch local people when travelling. I want to see how they live and work. I take photos of them when they talk or work. ...”可知，Julie 喜欢在旅行时观察当地人的生活和工作方式。A项Festival Joy Town 的介绍中“欢迎来到节日欢乐城，这里每个节日都是派对！每个人都穿着漂亮的衣服和漂亮的颜色。来和我们一起跳舞，品尝美味的食物。这是一个你可以了解当地人生活和工作的地方。”展示了当地人的生活和互动，与之需求对应，故选A。 14．根据“We travel to relax when we’re free. We love green hills and clear rivers.”可知，Micheal 和父母喜欢有绿山和清澈河流的地方来放松自己。D项Nature’s Peace Valley中的“大自然的和平谷是一个宁静的地方，有青山和清澈的河流。听鸟儿的叫声，看动物在野外玩耍。这是一个你可以和朋友一起去钓鱼和骑自行车的地方。来这里放松自己，享受大自然的美丽。”与之需求对应，故选D。 15．根据“When travelling, I’m fond of walking through old buildings with my camera. I think it helps me better understand the history and stories of this city.”可知， Kelly 喜欢拍摄旧建筑并了解历史故事。C项Old Times Park中的“古老的城市有许多故事可讲。旧时代公园是一个穿越历史的地方。有一些古老的建筑已经存在了很长时间。每一个都有自己的历史，对住在那里的人来说都很重要。这是一个让往事重现的地方。”与之需求对应，故选C。 主题03 人与自我——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京·期末） Asking ChatGPT 4, an AI chatbot, to write a 100-word email might take just a few seconds. However, this convenience leads to big problems for the environment. One of the main problems is the “water footprint (水足迹 )”, the total water the AI chatbot uses in its lifetime. AI depends on data centers, which house servers (服务器) that store and manage data. Once turned on, the servers produce heat. To cool them down, engineers use pipes to bring in cold water from cooling towers to get rid of the heat. Data centers operate 24-7, making them very “thirsty”. According to The Washington Post, for every 100-word email that it creates, ChatGPT 4 needs 519 milliliters (毫升) of water, or a little more than a bottle. Each year, ChatGPT 4 uses over 435 million liters of water for writing emails alone—enough to support a common US family for 1,050 years. Meanwhile, data centers are “hungry” for electricity. The Washington Post noted that writing a 100-word email requires 0.14 kilowatt-hours of electricity, which can power 14 LED light bulbs (灯 泡) for one hour. Every year in the US, ChatGPT 4 uses up more than 120,000 megawatt-hours of power just to help write work emails. This is enough to support all homes in Washington DC for 20 days. That’s not all. An AI chatbot’s “carbon footprint” (碳足迹) starts long before the chatbot greets the public. For example, training ChatGPT 3 produced around 502 tons of carbon. This is the same as driving 112 petrol (汽油) cars for a year, according to Shirin Dora, a researcher at Loughborough University in the UK. Besides, building data centers is also a source of CO2. Now, businesses are looking for different ways to make AI more environmentally friendly. Microsoft uses cold metal plates with tubes of cold water to cool equipment (设备 ), which reduces water usage. Renewable energy is also helpful; for example, Tencent’s data center in Tianjin is powered by solar energy (太阳能). 16．How are the servers in data centers cooled down? A．By using fans. B．By using ice. C．By using cold water. D．By using solar energy. 17．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Engineers use cold pipes to cool the house servers down. B．Renewable energy is used to make AI more environmental. C．Data centers don’t need to cost a lot of electricity to operate. D．Asking ChatGPT 4 can solve big problems for the environment. 18．What is the best title of the passage? A．Ways to operate AI. B．Hidden costs behind AI. C．Protection of AI data. D．Perfect jobs done by AI. 【答案】16．C 17．B 18．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了AI系统对环境的影响，尤其是水足迹和电力消耗以及碳足迹。 16．细节理解题。根据“Once turned on, the servers produce heat. To cool them down, engineers use pipes to bring in cold water from cooling towers to get rid of the heat.”可知，数据中心的服务器是使用冷水冷却的。故选C。 17．细节理解题。根据“Now, businesses are looking for different ways to make AI more environmentally friendly…Renewable energy is also helpful; for example, Tencent’s data center in Tianjin is powered by solar energy (太阳能).”可知，可再生能源被用来使AI更加环保。故选B。 18．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了AI系统对环境的影响，尤其是水足迹和电力消耗以及碳足迹，选项B“人工智能背后的隐藏成本”符合。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·北京东城·期末） Do you consider yourself a creative person? If you answered “sadly, no”, you needn’t worry! This article will change your opinion on creativity and teach you how to be creative in everyday life. Many people believe that creativity is a special talent that only a few lucky people are born with. But it’s actually a skill that everyone can learn and improve through practice. Some people think, “Creativity is not so important to me since I’m not an artist.” However, creativity is more than just artistic expression. It’s connected to everyday activities and influences the way we live, work, and communicate in our relationships. So, what’s in it for you in learning to be creative in everyday life? Creativity is a powerful tool for problem-solving. When facing a challenge, creativity encourages us to explore unusual solutions. Research shows that developing creativity can improve mental health. Whether it’s drawing, playing music, or even cooking a new dish, creative activities help reduce stress, increase self-confidence, and give you a sense of achievement. Creativity is also good for personal growth. When we push ourselves to be creative, we learn more about ourselves, our interests, and our abilities. Then how can you be creative in everyday life? First, stay curious and pay attention to the world around you. This can lead to new discoveries. For example, you can take photos of objects or views that amaze, move, or interest you from your daily life. Second, step out of your comfort zone (舒适区) and try new things. If you are not a “writer”, try writing a poem or a very short story. If you are not good at handwork, attend a woodworking or pottery workshop. Third, cooperate with people. You can often develop creativity in a cooperative environment, such as in community groups or local clubs. You may feel unskilled or silly at the beginning of your creative efforts. Don’t worry! Everyday creativity is about free self-expression and doesn’t have to be anything perfect, so stay playful and enjoy the process (过程). Creativity is as important to humans as eating healthy meals or getting exercise. It can enrich our daily experiences and help us solve problems more effectively. So, pick your favourite creative activity and make time for it today! 19．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Benefits of everyday creativity. B．Suggestions on creative activities. C．Opinions about what creativity is. D．Challenges in developing creativity. 20．Which activity is best for developing creativity? A．Copying a poem by a famous poet. B．Writing in the way you are good at. C．Exploring a new hobby like robotics. D．Practicing swimming every weekend. 21．What can we learn from the passage? A．Creativity mostly depends on natural ability. B．It’s easier to develop creativity when working alone. C．It’s hard for people to solve problems in a creative way. D．Everyday creativity is more of enjoyment than of achievement. 【答案】19．A 20．C 21．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了创造力是什么及如何变得有创造力。 19．主旨大意题。根据“So, what’s in it for you in learning to be creative in everyday life?”及本段内容可知，本段主要讲述了在日常生活中，创造力的多种好处。故选A。 20．推理判断题。根据“Second, step out of your comfort zone (舒适区) and try new things.”可知，走出舒适区并尝试新的东西有助于培养创造力，因此探索像机器人学这样的新爱好有助于培养创造力。故选C。 21．细节理解题。根据“Everyday creativity is about free self-expression and doesn’t have to be anything perfect, so stay playful and enjoy the process (过程).”可知，日常创造力是关于自由自我表达，不必追求完美，所以保持玩乐心态，享受过程，因此可知，日常的创造力更多的是享受，而不是成就。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·北京大兴·期末） Isn’t it strange that, when something’s funny, you might show your teeth, change your breathing, become weak and achy in some places, and maybe even cry? In other words, why do we do this funny thing—laughter? Since there’s no record of laughter, it’s impossible to say exactly how and why it developed, but scientists have some theories. Importantly, humans are not the only animals today that do something like laughter. By recording sounds, researchers in the late 90s realized that mice were doing something like laughter while being tickled (挠痒痒). Scientists have also studied at least 65 kinds of animals—mostly mammals, but also some birds—and find that they laugh during social play. By recording and studying the laughter-like sounds apes (猿类) make during play, researchers think laughter may have developed to clearly show friendliness from the beginning. But of course, we humans don’t just laugh when we’re playing, but also when we’re amused, and even surprised, confused, or nervous. Some scientists think after humans separated from other great apes and developed large social groups and more complex (复杂的) language abilities, laughter took on more purposes. They find that laughter gradually became something we could use not just during play but within speech to express meanings and to show our emotions. This is thought to be one of the reasons that laughter is contagious (传染的): it’s like an invitation to share in someone’s emotional state. Just hearing laughter can activate key areas in your brain, causing you to smile or laugh yourself. And, when people in one study watched a funny video, they laughed longer and more often when another person was present—even though they reported feeling the same level of amusement. And laughter is not just socially important; it’s also thought to be good for us. When we laugh, our brains produce feel-good chemicals and lower levels of stress. Some research even suggests that people who laugh more can deal with stress more effectively and have better health. Laughter is a universal human behavior. Babies can laugh before they can speak. Whether it’s the best medicine depends on your illness. But as something that makes life happier, strengthens relationships and perhaps improves your health, you can’t go wrong with a good laugh. 22．Why does the writer use the examples of mice and other animals in Paragraph 3? A．To show how animals laugh while being tickled. B．To prove there are records of how laughter developed. C．To show humans are not the only animals that can laugh. D．To prove humans and animals laugh for the same reason. 23．What can we learn from the passage? A．Humans laugh better than other animals. B．Laughter develops humans’ language abilities. C．People can influence each other when laughing. D．Feel-good chemicals in brain can cause laughter. 24．What is the passage mainly about? A．Some findings about laughter. B．Some purposes of humans’ laughter. C．The importance of humans’ laughter. D．The influence of laughter on others. 【答案】22．C 23．C 24．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了关于笑的一些发现。 22．推理判断题。根据“humans are not the only animals today that do something like laughter.”可知，作者用第三段中老鼠和其他动物的例子来说明人类不是唯一会笑的动物。故选C。 23．细节理解题。根据“This is thought to be one of the reasons that laughter is contagious: it’s like an invitation to share in someone’s emotional state.”可知，人们在笑的时候可以相互影响。故选C。 24．主旨大意题。通读全文并根据“Since there’s no record of laughter, it’s impossible to say exactly how and why it developed, but scientists have some theories.”可知，本文主要介绍了关于笑的一些发现。故选A。 主题04 人与自我——阅读 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京顺义·期末） Nowadays, many people prefer audiobooks, a more convenient choice, to old-fashioned reading. You can listen to the latest bestseller while commuting or cleaning up the house. But is listening to a book really the same as reading one? There’s some evidence that reading on a screen reduces learning and comprehension (理解力) compared to reading from printed text. If you’re wondering why printed books may be better than screen-based reading, it may have to do with your inability to tell where you are in an audiobook. “As you’re reading a story, the order of events is important, and knowing where you are in a book helps you build the storyline,” says Daniel Willingham, a professor of psychology. The self-directed pace (速度) related to reading may also differentiate books from audiobooks. “About 10% to 15% of eye movements during reading are actually regressive,” Willingham explains. “This happens very quickly when a reader needs to re-read a sentence or a passage to better understand its content. And it’s sort of naturally fit into the process of reading a sentence.” He thinks this reading behavior almost certainly improves comprehension. A study in 2010 found students who listened to a podcast lesson performed worse on a comprehension quiz than students who read the same lesson on paper. Interestingly, at the start of the experiment, almost all the students wanted to be in the podcast group. “But then right before I gave them the quiz, I asked them again which group they would want to be in, and most of them had changed their minds—they wanted to be in the reading group,” Willingham says. “They knew they hadn’t learned as much.” But audiobooks also have some strengths. “Human beings have been sharing information orally for tens of thousands of years,” Willingham says, “while the printed word is a much more recent invention.” When we’re reading, we’re applying parts of the brain to the cognitive task of reading. Listeners, on the other hand, can get a lot of information from a speaker’s lively pronunciation or intonations. People who hear Shakespeare spoken out loud tend to gain a lot of meaning from the actor’s performance. All that said, if you’ re reading or listening for relaxation—not for work or study—the differences between audiobooks and print books are probably “small potatoes”. If you are not, that’s where personal preference and the specific context of your reading or listening experience come into play. 25．What does the word “regressive” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Recording what you read. B．Explaining what you read. C．Returning to what you read. D．Comparing with what you read. 26．Which of the following would Professor Willingham most probably agree with? A．Reading printed books keeps people more relaxed. B．Listening to audiobooks gives people a better understanding. C．Listening to audiobooks helps people build a clear stroyline. D．Reading printed books allows people to read at their own pace. 27．Why does the writer mention the 2010 study in Paragraph 4? A．To show the benefits of listening to audiobooks. B．To express the effectiveness of listening to audiobooks. C．To prove that printed books can make us work or study better. D．To stress that choosing what kind of books depends on our needs. 28．Who would probably choose to read printed books? A．People who are doing some housework. B．People who plan to take an oral examination. C．People who get ready to perform on the stage. D．People who prepare for the comprehension test. 【答案】25．C 26．D 27．C 28．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了与阅读印刷文本相比，在屏幕上阅读会降低学习和理解力。 25．词句猜测题。根据“This happens very quickly when a reader needs to re-read a sentence or a passage to better understand its content.”可知，阅读过程中大约10% 到15% 的眼球运动实际上是倒退的。regressive的意思为“倒退的”，与选项C“回到你所读的内容”意思相近。故选C。 26．推理判断题。根据“The self-directed pace related to reading may also differentiate books from audiobooks.”和“He thinks this reading behavior almost certainly improves comprehension”可推测，威廉汉姆教授很可能同意阅读印刷书籍可以让人们按照自己的节奏阅读。故选D。 27．细节理解题。根据“A study in 2010 found students who listened to a podcast lesson performed worse on a comprehension quiz than students who read the same lesson on paper.”可知，作者在第四段中提到2010年的研究是为了证明印刷书籍可以让我们更好地工作或学习。故选C。 28．推理判断题。根据“There’s some evidence that reading on a screen reduces learning and comprehension compared to reading from printed text.”可知，在屏幕上阅读会降低学习和理解力。可推测准备理解测试的人应阅读印刷书籍。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·北京昌平·期末） 下面的材料分别介绍了20世纪中外著名的作家以及他们擅长的作品类型。阅读下列作家介绍，根据人物喜好和需求进行匹配，并将作家所对应的选项填在相应位置上。其中一个选项为多余选项。 Famous 20th Century Writers A J. R. R. Tolkien J. R. R. Tolkien was born in South Africa. Many people are familiar with his famous fantasy and science fiction works. He is best known as the writer of The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit. B Dr. Seuss Dr. Seuss, an American cartoonist, is known for writing story books that have a lot of rhymes in them, making them easy for kids to learn. The Cat in the Hat and Green Eggs and Ham are his famous works. C Lu Xun Lu Xun, one of China’s greatest modern writers, is known for his sharp essays (散文) on the historical traditions of China. He also wrote many meaningful stories such as Diary of a Madman and Kong Yiji. D Cao Yu Cao Yu is a well-known Chinese playwright (剧作家) and a pioneer in modern Chinese drama. His classic plays Thunderstorm and The Family opened at Beijing People’s Art Theatre in 1954. 1. 29 My little brother is 9 years old. He likes to read easy and interesting stories. I consider buying some books for him. 2. 30 My sister is full of imagination. She is crazy about science and wants to explore the unknown world. I want to introduce some books to her. 3. 31 My cousin is interested in dramas. She enjoys watching plays in the theatre. I’d like to suggest some plays for her. 【答案】29．B 30．A 31．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几位世界著名作家及其代表作品。 29．根据“Dr. Seuss, an American cartoonist, is known for writing story books that have a lot of rhymes in them, making them easy for kids to learn.”可知，Dr. Seuss的作品特点是有很多押韵的句子，适合孩子阅读，他的《戴帽子的猫》和《绿鸡蛋和火腿》很著名。对于9岁喜欢读简单有趣故事的小弟弟来说，Dr. Seuss的书很合适。故选B。 30．根据“J. R. R. Tolkien was born in South Africa. Many people are familiar with his famous fantasy and science fiction works. He is best known as the writer of The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit.”可知，J. R. R. Tolkien以奇幻和科幻作品闻名，像《魔戒》和《霍比特人》。对于充满想象力且对科学感兴趣、想探索未知世界的姐姐来说，他的作品能够满足需求。故选A。 31．根据“Cao Yu is a well-known Chinese playwright (剧作家) and a pioneer in modern Chinese drama. His classic plays Thunderstorm and The Family opened at Beijing People’s Art Theatre in 1954.”可知，Cao Yu是中国著名的剧作家，《雷雨》和《家》等是他的经典戏剧作品。对于对戏剧感兴趣、喜欢看戏的表妹来说，Cao Yu的作品是很好的推荐。故选D。 主题05 人与自我——建议 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京海淀·期末） “You always mess things up.” “What a stupid thing to do!” Have you ever said these things to yourself? The inner critic (批评者) is that voice inside your head saying you are not good enough—it constantly judges you. Inner critics develop for various reasons. The most commonly discussed one is that this voice of self-doubt comes from things we heard as kids. If parents often put themselves or their children down, those hurtful words can stick. For example, if a mom talks about her weight a lot, her daughter might start to think the same way about her own body. Similarly, if a parent criticizes the child’s grades, that child might end up giving himself up on schoolwork. Beneath the inner critic lies vulnerability (脆弱). Deep down, our critics are hurt and afraid, and develop as a maladaptive form of self-protection. Imagine coming home excited about winning a drawing contest, only to be laughed at by your older brother. The next time you achieve something, you might be unwilling to share it—or worse, not even recognize your success. This might seem smart, but it makes things harder for you in the long run. The inner critic makes quite the effort to protect us from painful experiences. It keeps us small, shy, and always on the hunt for ways to prevent shame and failure. As a wounded part in need of care, the inner critic longs to be heard and befriended. To heal (愈合) the wound, it’s important to first identify the inner critic. When you hear a voice in your head suggesting you shouldn’t try because you’ll only fail, recognize it and say:“Oh, my critic is here!” Indeed, it is part of us and isn’t going away, but doing this can create some space between you and the critic. Once you realize its presence, you can meet the inner critic with curiosity and compassion (同情), so you can recover from the hurt behind negative self-talk. Parenting experts suggest getting down on the child’s level when providing support. This works for the inner critic too. Instead of towering over it, try meeting it where it’s at. You might say, “It’s okay to feel scared sometimes. What’s causing this feeling?” or “We all make mistakes. Would you call a friend stupid for doing that?” Only by befriending your inner critic can you start to heal from the pain and fear behind its voice. It takes time and patience, but it’s worth it. Give it a try—for your own well-being. 32．Why does the writer use the examples in Paragraph 2? A．To stress the harmful effect of self-doubt. B．To describe the common problems kids face. C．To compare how different parents treat their kids. D．To explain how inner critics develop from childhood. 33．The words “a maladaptive form of self-protection” in Paragraph 3 are closest in meaning to “________”. A．an unhealthy way to stay safe B．a helpful tool to improve yourself C．an ineffective try to keep calm D．a smart method to deal with failure 34．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．The inner critic usually keeps people from feeling scared. B．The inner critic actually looks for understanding and support. C．Negative self-talk helps one create space to avoid mistakes. D．Negative self-talk can successfully push people to work harder. 35．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To advise us to silence our inner critics. B．To warn about the negative side of inner critics. C．To guide us to treat inner critics like our dear friends. D．To show advantages of making peace with inner critics. 【答案】32．D 33．A 34．B 35．C 【导语】本文介绍了如何处理自己的内心批评家。 32．细节理解题。根据“Inner critics develop for various reasons. The most commonly discussed one is that this voice of self-doubt comes from things we heard as kids.”可知，作者使用第2段中的例子是为了解释内心的批评家是如何从童年发展起来的。故选D。 33．词句猜测题。根据“This might seem smart, but it makes things harder for you in the long run.”可知，划线词的含义与“一种不健康的自我保护方式”最接近。故选A。 34．推理判断题。根据“Parenting experts suggest getting down on the child’s level when providing support. This works for the inner critic too.”可推知，内心的批评家实际上寻求理解和支持。故选B。 35．主旨大意题。根据“Only by befriending your inner critic can you start to heal from the pain and fear behind its voice. It takes time and patience, but it’s worth it. Give it a try—for your own well-being.”可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是引导我们像对待亲爱的朋友一样对待内心的批评者。故选C。 主题01 人与自我——方法与策略 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京门头沟·期末） Learn to love who you are Expect to be treated with kindness, respect and love from a good friend? You shouldn’t have to go far to find them. Start by being you own friend. Loving yourself, also called self-love, means being as kind to yourself as you are to others. Imagine your best friend is worried or upset, then think about how you’d support him or her and try to make him or her better. Self-love means giving yourself the love, care and respect you might give your friends and family. Becky Goddard-Hill is the author of Create Your Own Confidence. He says self-love means valuing yourself at all times. “It’s speaking to yourself with kindness and encouragement, and it means taking really good care of your body and mind.” Learning to love who you are strengthens (增强) your self-esteem (自尊). This makes you believe in yourself and feel that you deserve (值得) good things—such as kind friends and fun experiences. It doesn’t mean you’ll be happy all the time, but when you do face challenges, they’ll be easier to overcome. Studies show that self-love can help friendships, schoolwork and health. “There is always someone looking out for you,” says Goddard-Hill, “because that person is you.” Love yourself better. Start by being kind, especially if you make a mistake. Instead of being angry, tell yourself that everyone gets things wrong sometimes. Then work out what you could do differently next time. Try not to compare yourself to others and remember that no one is perfect. Focus on (专注于) yourself instead. Goddard-Hill suggests writing down your advantages and asking your family and friends for their thoughts. “Keep the list somewhere safe and look at it often to remind yourself you are amazing,” she says. Before you go to bed, think about three things that went well for you that day. “This will help you see the positives (积极的方面) in your life, ” says Goddard-Hill. Give affirmations to yourself. Goddard-Hill suggests doing this three times every morning to give yourself a boost (激励) . Here are some ideas. Can you think of any more? ●I like who I am. ●I can do this. ●I am a good friend. Take time out for you. You can spend 15 minutes a day giving yourself the attention you deserve, starting with: ●Listening to your favourite music. ●Going for a walk or bike ride. ●Cuddling (搂抱) your pet. ●Reading a book in bed. 1．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A．What self-love means. B．To be kind to yourself. C．Why self-love matters. D．To give yourself love, care and respect. 2．What does the word “affirmations” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Strange ideas. B．Encouraging words. C．Difficult questions. D．Discouraging thoughts. 3．According to the passage, which of the following is a way to take time out for yourself? A．Watching TV all day. B．Helping others with their problems. C．Talking to friends for hours. D．Enjoying light music before going to bed. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To help readers to focus on their advantages. B．To tell readers how to improve their friendship. C．To encourage readers to love and value themselves. D．To show readers the importance of being kind to others. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍如何做到爱自己和重视自己。 1．主旨大意题。根据“Loving yourself, also called self-love, means being as kind to yourself as you are to others...He says self-love means valuing yourself at all times. ”可知，本段主要讲述什么是爱自己。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Give affirmations to yourself. Goddard Hill suggests doing this three times every morning to give yourself a boost.”可知，这么做是为了激励，故affirmations是“鼓励的话语”。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Take time out for you. You can spend 15 minutes a day giving yourself the attention you deserve, starting with: ●Listening to your favourite music.”可知，为自己抽出时间放空一下，可以在睡前听听轻音乐。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是为了鼓励读者做到爱自己和重视自己。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·北京昌平·期末） Do you know the weight of 30,000 adult Asian elephants? It’s about 150,000 tons. That’s how much land—based plastic trash is produced by humans across the globe within a single hour, 10 times the amount a century ago, according to World Bank researchers. Yet there are a growing number of young people, whose yearly trash output can be small enough to fit inside an eight—ounce mason jar. Actually, they’re leading a zero—waste lifestyle, a way of living that aims to reduce trash production to as close to zero as possible. They say it saves them money and time and enriches their lives. Kathryn Kellogg is one of them. “We saved about $5,000 a year by shopping for fresh food instead of packaged food, buying wholesale, and making our own cleaners and shopping bags,” says Kellogg, who lives with her husband in a small house in Vallejo, California. Kellogg shares the details of their efforts, along with practical tips and encouragement on her blog goingzerowaste. com, for others looking to a zero—waste lifestyle. “There’s a fear of being left out when you try to do things differently,” Kellogg says. “But it’s not a big change to clean up the dust with a cloth towel instead of a paper towel.” “I think many people are ready to cut their waste,” says Kellogg. However, she doesn’t want them to fixate (痴迷于) on trying to put all their trash into a jar. “Zero—waste is really about trying to minimize (最小化) your trash and making better choices in your life,” she says. “Just do the best you can.” Kellogg suggests many practices that were common before the times of plastics and disposable (一次性的) products. Think cloth napkins and handkerchiefs, vinegar (醋) and water for cleaning, glass meal boxes for left—overs, cloth shopping bags. These, and similar old—school solutions, produce no waste and are cheaper in the long run. “Going zero—waste means questioning what’s normal and thinking outside the box,” Kellogg says. As one example, she mentions that she loves pancakes but hates making them. As a zero—waste blogger, she refused to buy packaged ones at food shops. Finally, she hit on the solution: buy a dozen of fresh—made ones from a local Mexican restaurant. The restaurant was even happy to put the pancakes in Kellogg’s reusable meal box because it saves them money. Living a zero—waste lifestyle is a journey, it doesn’t happen overnight. But it’s worth the effort. Let’s move towards zero waste with small steps. 5．Why does the writer use the example of elephants in Paragraph 1? A．To stress the importance of elephants. B．To introduce a way of recycling trash. C．To show the large amount of plastic trash. D．To describe a result of waste management. 6．Which of the following would Kellogg most probably agree with? A．To buy a chocolate gift box for friends. B．To clean up the dust with a paper towel. C．To keep as much trash as possible in a jar. D．To store the left—overs in a glass lunch box. 7．What does the underlined word “practices” in Paragraph 6 most probably mean? A．Ways of making common products B．Methods of minimizing daily waste. C．Actions of buying supplies at lower cost. D．Processes of collecting old—school things. 8．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To call for the actions of taking on a zero—waste lifestyle. B．To compare some practical tips on a zero—waste lifestyle. C．To discuss the benefits of adopting a zero—waste lifestyle. D．To point out the popularity of living a zero—waste lifestyle. 【答案】5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了加州的Kathryn Kellogg女士零垃圾的生活方式的形成以及最后成立了公司并想把零垃圾的生活方式分享给其他人。 5．推理判断题。通读第一段可知，文章第一段提到大象的重量是为了通过将30000头成年亚洲象的重量 (约150000吨) 与全球人类在单小时内产生的陆地塑料垃圾量 (也是约150000吨) 进行比较，突出人类在短时间内产生的塑料垃圾数量之巨大，从而引起读者对垃圾问题的重视。故选C。 6．推理判断题。根据“Think cloth napkins and handkerchiefs, vinegar (醋) and water for cleaning, glass meal boxes for left—overs, cloth shopping bags.”可知，Kellogg建议使用玻璃饭盒来存放剩菜，这是一种减少浪费的做法。故选D。 7．词义猜测题。根据“Kellogg suggests many practices that were common before the times of plastics and disposable (一次性的) products.”可知，文章中提到Kellogg建议了很多在塑料和一次性产品出现之前常见的做法，如使用布餐巾和手帕、用醋和水清洁、用玻璃饭盒存放剩菜等，这些都是为了减少日常垃圾的产生。因此，“practices”指的是在零浪费生活方式中采取的行动或做法，即日常生活中减少浪费的行为方式。故选B。 8．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章通过介绍零浪费生活方式的好处，以及Kellogg的实践经验，来鼓励读者采取行动，减少浪费，向零浪费生活方式转变。因此，A选项“呼吁采取零浪费生活方式的行动”最符合作者的写作目的。故选A。 主题02 人与自我——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京朝阳·期末） In today’s high-speed world, it’s easy to get caught up in the daily tasks and forget about those that bring us joy. As you create your goals for 2025, consider adding one to experience more flow. Psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi has called flow “the secret to happiness”. Flow is a state of positive experience which is characterized by great joy that makes a life worth living. Each of us can bring it into our everyday lives. the book named Flow When people feel flow, they are in a state of strong focus. Their thoughts center on an experience rather than on themselves. They lose a sense of time and feel as if their actions and awareness become one. Flow appears when both the task’s challenge and skill level are high. People will not feel flow when they are doing the dishes. Csikszentmihalyi’s research in the 1970s was aimed at people doing tasks they enjoyed. He studied swimmers, music composers, dancers, mountain climbers and other athletes. He found out that as long as that task’s challenge is high, and so are your skills, you should be able to achieve flow. Flow is seen as “the secret to happiness”. For one thing, the experience can help people work towards their long-term goals. Research shows that taking a break to feel flow can improve one’s self-control, goal-achieving and well-being. A recent study also shows that flow could make people resilient in the face of difficulty. Part of this is because flow can help redirect thoughts away from something stressful to something enjoyable. In fact, studies have shown that experiencing flow can help guard against sadness and burnout. What is going on in the brain during flow? Studies show that the experience is connected with increasing excitement in brain parts related to feeling satisfied. This may be one reason why flow feels so enjoyable and why people are so focused on tasks that make them feel flow. Research also shows that when people are in “flow”, there’s less activity in brain parts that deal with self-focus and negative thoughts. This may help explain why feeling flow can help distract (转移) people from worry. However, the above-mentioned studies were related, not causal (随意的). Further study of this connection is of great importance. 9．According to the passage, flow is most likely to appear when someone is ________. A．attending a concert of his favorite singer B．playing chess against a strong competitor C．doing daily chores for his family members D．sharing his traveling experience with friends 10．Flow is called “the secret to happiness” partly because it can help ________. A．turn difficult tasks into easier ones B．draw people away from bad thoughts C．remind people to take necessary breaks D．break long-term goals into shorter ones 11．What does the word “resilient” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Easily influenced. B．Achieve a great improvement. C．Completely fail. D．Able to become strong again. 12．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．When does the state of “flow” appear? B．What happens in our brain during “flow”? C．Why does experiencing “flow” feel so good? D．How can “flow” be achieved in everyday life? 【答案】9．B 10．B 11．D 12．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“心流”以及解释为什么“心流”会让自己感觉如此好。 9．推理判断题。根据“Flow appears when both the task’s challenge and skill level are high. People will not feel flow when they are doing the dishes.”可知，当任务的挑战性和技巧性都很高时，心流就会出现。可推理出当某人与强大的竞争对手下棋时，心流最有可能出现。故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据“A recent study also shows that flow could make people resilient in the face of difficulty. Part of this is because flow can help redirect thoughts away from something stressful to something enjoyable.”可知，“心流”被称为“幸福的秘诀”，部分原因是它可以帮助人们远离不好的想法。故选B。 11．词句猜测题。根据“A recent study also shows that flow could make people resilient in the face of difficulty. Part of this is because flow can help redirect thoughts away from something stressful to something enjoyable.”可知，心流可以让人们在面对困难时能够再次恢复活力，变得坚强。划线部分单词意思为“恢复活力的，变得坚强的”，与选项D意思相近。故选D。 12．最佳标题题。通读全文并根据“When people feel flow, they are in a state of strong focus.”和“Flow is seen as ‘the secret to happiness’.”以及“What is going on in the brain during flow?”可知，本文主要介绍了“心流”以及解释为什么“心流”会让自己感觉如此好。选项C“为什么体验‘心流’感觉如此好？”最适合做标题。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·北京大兴·期末） Isn’t it strange that, when something’s funny, you might show your teeth, change your breathing, become weak and achy in some places, and maybe even cry? In other words, why do we do this funny thing—laughter? Since there’s no record of laughter, it’s impossible to say exactly how and why it developed, but scientists have some theories. Importantly, humans are not the only animals today that do something like laughter. By recording sounds, researchers in the late 90s realized that mice were doing something like laughter while being tickled (挠痒痒). Scientists have also studied at least 65 kinds of animals—mostly mammals, but also some birds—and find that they laugh during social play. By recording and studying the laughter-like sounds apes (猿类) make during play, researchers think laughter may have developed to clearly show friendliness from the beginning. But of course, we humans don’t just laugh when we’re playing, but also when we’re amused, and even surprised, confused, or nervous. Some scientists think after humans separated from other great apes and developed large social groups and more complex (复杂的) language abilities, laughter took on more purposes. They find that laughter gradually became something we could use not just during play but within speech to express meanings and to show our emotions. This is thought to be one of the reasons that laughter is contagious (传染的): it’s like an invitation to share in someone’s emotional state. Just hearing laughter can activate key areas in your brain, causing you to smile or laugh yourself. And, when people in one study watched a funny video, they laughed longer and more often when another person was present—even though they reported feeling the same level of amusement. And laughter is not just socially important; it’s also thought to be good for us. When we laugh, our brains produce feel-good chemicals and lower levels of stress. Some research even suggests that people who laugh more can deal with stress more effectively and have better health. Laughter is a universal human behavior. Babies can laugh before they can speak. Whether it’s the best medicine depends on your illness. But as something that makes life happier, strengthens relationships and perhaps improves your health, you can’t go wrong with a good laugh. 13．Why does the writer use the examples of mice and other animals in Paragraph 3? A．To show how animals laugh while being tickled. B．To prove there are records of how laughter developed. C．To show humans are not the only animals that can laugh. D．To prove humans and animals laugh for the same reason. 14．What can we learn from the passage? A．Humans laugh better than other animals. B．Laughter develops humans’ language abilities. C．People can influence each other when laughing. D．Feel-good chemicals in brain can cause laughter. 15．What is the passage mainly about? A．Some findings about laughter. B．Some purposes of humans’ laughter. C．The importance of humans’ laughter. D．The influence of laughter on others. 【答案】13．C 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了关于笑的一些发现。 13．推理判断题。根据“humans are not the only animals today that do something like laughter.”可知，作者用第三段中老鼠和其他动物的例子来说明人类不是唯一会笑的动物。故选C。 14．细节理解题。根据“This is thought to be one of the reasons that laughter is contagious: it’s like an invitation to share in someone’s emotional state.”可知，人们在笑的时候可以相互影响。故选C。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文并根据“Since there’s no record of laughter, it’s impossible to say exactly how and why it developed, but scientists have some theories.”可知，本文主要介绍了关于笑的一些发现。故选A。 主题03 人与自我——个人发展 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京丰台·期末） Is your glass half-empty or half-full? How you answer this question may show your outlook on life, your attitude towards yourself, and whether you’re optimistic or pessimistic — and it may even affect your health. Some studies show that personality can affect many areas of your health. The positive thinking that usually comes with optimism is a key part of effective stress management. And effective stress management is connected with many health benefits. If you tend to (倾向于) be pessimistic, don’t despair — you can learn positive thinking skills. Positive thinking doesn’t mean that you disregard less pleasant situations in your life. Positive thinking just means that you deal with unpleasantness in a more positive and productive way. Positive thinking often starts with self-talk. Self-talk is the endless stream of unspoken thoughts that run through your head. These automatic (无意识的) thoughts can be positive or negative. If the thoughts are mostly negative, your outlook on life is more likely pessimistic. If your thoughts are mostly positive, you’re likely an optimist — someone who practices positive thinking. Researchers continue to explore the effects of positive thinking and optimism on health. They found that people who had a more positive outlook were more likely to get regular physical exercise, eat a healthier diet, and get more quality sleep. Clearly, there are many benefits of positive thinking. But why does positive thinking have such a strong effect on physical and mental health? One reason is that having a positive outlook enables you to deal better with stressful situations, which reduces the harmful health effects of stress on your body. It’s also thought that positive and optimistic people tend to live healthier lifestyles — they get more physical activities and follow a healthier diet. Even if you are not a natural-born optimist, there are things you can do to learn how to think more positively and become a positive thinker. Here are some examples of negative self-talk and ways to turn them into positive thinking. Negative self-talk I’ve never done it before. There’s no way it will work. No one communicates with me. I’m not going to get any better at this. Positive thinking It’s an opportunity to learn something new. I can try to make it work. I’ll see if I can start the conversation. I’ll give it another try. If you tend to have a negative outlook, don’t expect to become an optimist overnight. But with practice, gradually your self-talk will have less self-criticism (自我批判) and more self-acceptance. You may also become less critical of the world around you. 16．The word “disregard” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”. A．lose interest in B．set a limit on C．look forward to D．pay no attention to 17．Which of the following examples shows positive thinking? A．I can work this out with time. B．This problem is beyond me. C．I don’t have the resources. D．I don’t think I can do it. 18．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．pessimistic thinkers are born with it B．pessimists always have bad sleep quality C．positive thinkers manage stressful situations well D．having a positive outlook helps you avoid unpleasantness 19．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing the passage? A．To introduce optimism and pessimism. B．To show how self-talk affects the thoughts. C．To highlight the benefits of positive thinking. D．To encourage people to be positive by practicing. 【答案】16．D 17．A 18．C 19．D 【导语】本文介绍了积极思考的好处及原因。 16．词义猜测题。根据第三段“Positive thinking doesn’t mean that you disregard less pleasant situations in your life. Positive thinking just means that you deal with unpleasantness in a more positive and productive way.”可知，积极思考并不意味着你无视生活中不那么愉快的事情而是你更积极、更有成效的方式处理不愉快的事，所以划线词在此处指“忽视、不理会”。故选D。 17．推理判断题。根据表格“positive thinking”和“I can try to make it work”可知，A选项“I can work this out with time”我可以慢慢解决这个问题符合题意。故选A。 18．推理判断题。根据第六段“One reason is that having a positive outlook enables you to deal better with stressful situations, which reduces the harmful health effects of stress on your body.”可知，积极的人生态度能让你更好的应对压力，从而减少对身体造成的有害影响，所以作者认为积极思考者能更好的应对有压力的情况。故选C。 19．推理判断题。根据第五段“Clearly, there are many benefits of positive thinking.”可知，积极思考有很多的好处。并且通读全文可知本文介绍了积极思考的好处，目的是为了鼓励人们通过练习变得积极。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·北京石景山·期末） Almost every student has felt the pressure from a full schedule (日程表) and the need for meaningful moments. Emily is a hard-working student with a full schedule, and yet she often feels like something is missing. Similarly, Chris spends his evenings going to different sports clubs, but finds himself wondering if he’s truly enjoying his experience. These stories mirror a common paradox (悖论) among students today: although they are busier than ever, many feel unfulfilled. This paradox can lead to various problems such as stress, worry, and even burnout. Studies show that having a continually full schedule can actually harm happiness. When students are focused only on completing tasks and meeting expectations, they may lose sight of the activities that truly bring them joy. This pressure can finally lead to tiredness and a loss of motivation. One reason for this paradox is that students often feel pressure to stay busy to be “successful”. Parents, teachers, and even friends may highlight the importance of achievements at school and college preparation. As a result, students can feel like they need to fill every hour with productive activities to meet these expectations. However, this non-stop busyness can sometimes lead them away from what truly matters to them, such as hobbies or time with friends, which actually help to build a happy life. To address this problem, students need to learn to balance their responsibilities with activities that bring enjoyment. Experts suggest that students discover the activities that match their own interests and values, rather than simply what looks good on a college application (申请). By managing their schedules to include both productive and relaxing activities, students can develop a healthier relationship with their time. The key to solving this paradox lies in creating a school culture that values happiness as well as achievement. By encouraging students to pursue their passions and enjoy moments outside of schoolwork, parents, teachers, and peers can help reduce the pressure to continually be busy. Open conversations about managing stress and organizing meaningful activities can support students in developing a balanced, fulfilling school experience. While balancing busy schedules and happiness is challenging, understanding this paradox can help students make mindful choices about how they spend their time. With deep thinking, planning, and support from their community, students can make room for both learning success and personal fulfillment, leading to a healthier, more rewarding school journey. 20．Why does the writer use the examples of Emily and Chris in Paragraph 1? A．To start a debate. B．To lead in a topic. C．To make a conclusion. D．To draw a comparison. 21．What do the words “pursue their passions” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A．Follow what they love. B．Solve their problems. C．Fight for what they want. D．Study for a good future. 22．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．a busy schedule is necessary for having success B．addressing the paradox helps with college applications C．enjoying meaningful moments supports students’ happiness D．social activities are more important than learning achievement 23．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To encourage schools to design full schedules for students. B．To highlight the need for students to be continually productive. C．To show how after-school classes benefit students’ college applications. D．To stress the importance of balancing busyness with personal fulfillment. 【答案】20．B 21．A 22．C 23．D 【导语】本文主要讲述当今学生中一个常见的悖论——尽管他们比以往任何时候都更忙，但许多人感到没有成就感，以及这一悖论的后果和解决方法。 20．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“These stories mirror a common paradox (悖论) among students today: although they are busier than ever, many feel unfulfilled.”可知，作者用这两个例子来引出话题。故选B。 21．词句猜测题。根据“By encouraging students to pursue their passions and enjoy moments outside of schoolwork, parents, teachers, and peers can help reduce the pressure to continually be busy.”可知，通过鼓励学生追求自己的爱好，享受课外时光，家长、老师和同龄人可以帮助减少持续忙碌的压力，所以划线部分的含义是“追求自己的爱好”。故选A。 22．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Studies show that having a continually full schedule can actually harm happiness.”、第三段中的“However, this non-stop busyness can sometimes lead them away from what truly matters to them, such as hobbies or time with friends, which actually help to build a happy life.”以及倒数第二段中的“By encouraging students to pursue their passions and enjoy moments outside of schoolwork, parents, teachers, and peers can help reduce the pressure to continually be busy.”可知，作者可能同意享受有意义的时刻有助于学生的幸福。故选C。 23．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“These stories mirror a common paradox (悖论) among students today: although they are busier than ever, many feel unfulfilled.”以及最后一段并通读全文可知，本文主要讲述当今学生中一个常见的悖论——尽管他们比以往任何时候都更忙，但许多人感到没有成就感，以及这一悖论的后果以及解决方法，所以作者写这篇文章的主要目的是强调在忙碌与个人成就之间取得平衡的重要性。故选D。 主题04 人与社会——生活与科技 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京通州·期末） In today’s rapidly-changing world, technology is continuously advancing and reshaping many industries. One of the most important advancements in recent years is the use of artificial intelligence (人工智能) in the creative field. Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation (模拟) of human intelligence by machines, especially computer systems. In the creative industry, AI is used to produce outputs, and improve creative work and user experience. For example, AI has changed the world of art by allowing artists to create different and new pieces using AI-powered tools. The music industry has also been changed a lot by AI. Now there is AI-created music and personalized music suggestions for users. AI systems can guess which songs will be popular and create music that simulates the ways of famous artists. AI has also greatly influenced the field of design by making the creative practice simpler and improving design abilities. Designers can use AI tools to automate (使自动化) tasks and make designs better for certain needs of users. While AI provides lots of benefits for the creative industry, it also brings about problems. One big worry is the possible loss of human creativity and originality with the rise of AI-produced works. Some argue that AI is short of the emotional (感情的) depth that human creativity has. However, AI also presents exciting chances for collaboration between humans and machines in the creative practice. By making use of AI tools, artists, musicians, and designers can explore new ideas and break through the limits of creativity, and reach more people. AI can also make art, music, and design easier to get by people around the world. In the future, we can expect to see AI-produced works as well as human-created artworks, music, and designs. It will lead to a new age of creativity and originality in the creative industry. AI is reshaping the creative industry by making creators able to think outside the box, experiment with new ideas, and connect with people in more meaningful ways. While AI gives rise to problems, there is no doubt that it will change the ways we create, experience and value art, music and design. 24．Why does the writer use the examples in Paragraph 2? A．To tell why AI can create things as humans do. B．To list which fields require AI to develop rapidly. C．To show how AI influences the creative industry. D．To explain what new AI-powered tools are needed. 25．What does the underlined word “collaboration” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．Comparison. B．Competition. C．Similarity. D．Teamwork. 26．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．It is impossible for AI systems to create music like that of famous artists. B．AI-produced works have more emotional depth than human-created works. C．The use of AI has led to the loss of human creativity and originality. D．It is valuable for AI to offer more personalized user experience. 27．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To compare the works created by AI and humans. B．To prove the importance of AI for developing creativity. C．To introduce technologies that speed up the advancements of AI. D．To explain the ways creators use to solve the problems of AI. 【答案】24．C 25．D 26．D 27．B 【导语】本文主要介绍人工智能在创意领域的应用以及人工智能对发展创造力的重要性。 24．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the creative industry, AI is used to produce outputs, and improve creative work and user experience.”及例子可知，作者例举人工智能在音乐和设计领域的应用，说明人工智能如何改变创意领域的工作和用户体验等，即展示人工智能如何影响创意产业。故选C。 25．词句猜测题。根据下文“By making use of AI tools, artists, musicians, and designers can explore new ideas and break through the limits of creativity, and reach more people…”可知，通过使用人工智能工具，艺术家、音乐家和设计师可以探索新的想法，突破创造力的极限，即人工智能也为人类和机器在创造性实践中的合作提供了机会，所以划线部分的含义是“合作”。故选D。 26．推理判断题。根据“The music industry has also been changed a lot by AI. Now there is AI-created music and personalized music suggestions for users.”可知，人工智能提供个性化的用户体验，极大地影响了创意领域，所以作者最有可能同意“人工智能提供更个性化的用户体验是有价值的。”符合语境。故选D。 27．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“One of the most important advancements in recent years is the use of artificial intelligence (人工智能) in the creative field.”以及最后一段中的“there is no doubt that it will change the ways we create, experience and value art, music and design.”并通读全文可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是为了证明人工智能对发展创造力的重要性。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·北京顺义·期末） On 20 July 1969, the world celebrated an important moment in history when American astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first man to walk on the moon, making a giant leap for humanity. For more than five decades (十年), human beings have made numerous attempts to understand the space environment. These efforts have paid off, sparking innovations (激发创新) in science and technology and generating (产生) much interest in science and science education. Today, we are in a better position to understand our universe and the solar system in which we live, thanks to space exploration. Space exploration has made advances in the areas of science and technology which have benefited humans and improved the quality of life on Earth. Several societal benefits are linked to new knowledge and technology from space exploration such as solar panels, satellite communications, global positioning system (GPS), and weather forecasting. The development of satellite technology, for example, provides valuable information about climate change such as the thinning of the ozone layer, enabling governments around the world to take action to protect the ozone layer and manage climate change. With the excitement and curiosity generated, space exploration is attracting young people to careers in engineering, science, technology, and mathematics, which helps to expand the global capacity for innovations in science and technology. Even if interested youngsters do not end up in a job in these areas, space technology sparks their imagination about the possibility of life beyond Earth and space travel. Space exploration continues to encourage human imagination, inspiring people to write stories and create movies, photographs, and songs about space exploration. Despite the many benefits, space exploration has often been criticized for its high cost. According to the University of Florida, it costs about $500 million to launch a space shuttle, and many argue that this money could be better spent on solving the problems on Earth such as hunger, pollution, diseases, and climate change. Although space exploration cannot directly provide immediate solutions to these problems, it generates many useful technologies and new knowledge in sciences necessary to improve the conditions of human life on Earth. Every year, about a thousand innovations generated in the space programs find their way into earthly technology that leads to better farming technology to increase food production, better medical instruments to improve diagnosis and treatment, and more energy-efficient vehicles to mitigate climate change. Accordingly, the money spent on space exploration does eventually benefit human beings. There is no doubt that space exploration has produced many benefits for humanity, with significant contributions to the fields of science and technology. It has also encouraged many to understand Earth and the universe in a deeper way. In the coming decade, we can continue to look forward to more exciting discoveries as more human and robotic missions are planned to destinations such as the moon and Mars. We may eventually even find another planet where humans can live. 28．What benefit does space exploration probably bring us directly? A．Solutions to diseases. B．Better medical instruments. C．Global warming. D．Information about climate change. 29．What can we learn from the passage? A．Space exploration is criticized for having few benefits for humans and society. B．Space exploration is mainly aimed at finding another planet to live on. C．Space exploration inspires people to choose some imaginative work. D．Space exploration solves the pollution problems directly. 30．What is the passage mainly about? A．The future discoveries in space. B．The benefits of space exploration. C．The solutions to problems on Earth. D．The advantages of science and technology. 【答案】28．D 29．C 30．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了太空探索引发了科学技术的进步，造福了人类，提高了地球上的生活质量。 28．细节理解题。根据第二段“The development of satellite technology, for example, provides valuable information about climate change such as the thinning of the ozone layer”可知，太空探索直接带来了关于气候变化的信息。故选D。 29．细节理解题。根据第三段“With the excitement and curiosity generated, space exploration is attracting young people to careers in engineering, science, technology, and mathematics, which helps to expand the global capacity for innovations in science and technology.”可知，太空探索激发了人们选择一些富有想象力的工作。故选C。 30．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了太空探索引发了科学技术的进步，造福了人类，提高了地球上的生活质量。即主要讲述了太空探索的好处。故选B。 主题05 人与自然——动植物 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·北京丰台·期末） Welcoming four-legged friends into the classroom is becoming popular across the country. And research shows that therapy-dog (治疗犬) programs provide significant (重要的) benefits for students. According to the Alliance of Therapy Dogs, “Therapy dogs have been called ‘miracle workers’ because of their calming effect on students and teachers.” There is an obvious difference between service dogs and therapy dogs. Service dogs help those with specific disabilities, such as problems with eyesight. Therapy dogs are trained to provide health and social-emotional benefits. Tarah Randazzo is a middle school counselor (顾问) at Greenfield Middle School in Wisconsin. She has a yellow labrador (拉布拉多), Archie, a certified (认证的) therapy dog that she brings with her to school a couple of days each week. She says students love Archie days, and he brings so many positive benefits, like increased attendance, better problem-solving, and just overall (全面的) calmness to middle school life. “I’ve noticed that when students are really upset, just being near Archie makes a big difference.” Randazzo says. Dogs in the classroom provide both physical and emotional health benefits for students. According to one study published by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), having a dog present in the classroom promotes (提升) a positive mood and provides significant anti-stress effects on the body. In fact, the simple act of petting a dog has the effect of lowering blood pressure and heart rate. Pet therapy also lowers stress hormones (荷尔蒙). In other words, just being in contact with a therapy dog calms kids down when they’re upset. And reducing feelings of anxiety and depression (沮丧) enables them to focus on learning. Perhaps the greatest benefit of therapy dogs in the classroom is the effect on students’ social-emotional development. Loving and lovable, dogs are friendly companions and good listeners who make no judgements. Children bond (建立亲密关系) easily with these gentle creatures, helping them feel more connected and confident. This helps reduce bad behavior and anger. The positive effect of therapy dogs begins in life and extends into schools, helping students become more caring and understanding. Let’s support their presence in schools to create a better educational experience for everyone. 31．Why does the writer mention Archie in Paragraph 3? A．To explain why therapy dogs can calm kids down. B．To prove therapy dogs are better than service dogs. C．To show the benefits therapy dogs bring to students. D．To discuss if therapy dogs improve students’ learning. 32．According to the passage, who would benefit most from therapy dogs? A．Counselors who train the therapy dogs. B．Students who feel anxious about the grades. C．Students who have problems with their eyesight. D．Teachers who want their students to do better in studies. 33．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Therapy Dogs: Classroom Companions B．Therapy Dogs: Classroom Managers C．Therapy Dogs: Learning Coaches D．Therapy Dogs: Lesson Planners 【答案】31．C 32．B 33．A 【导语】本文通过Archie 的例子阐述治疗犬能给学生带来多方面益处，包括对学生身体和情感健康的积极影响，并呼吁支持治疗犬在学校的存在以改善教育体验。 31．细节理解题。根据第三段“She says students love Archie days, and he brings so many positive benefits, like increased attendance, better problem-solving, and just overall calmness to middle school life.”可知，作者通过举Archie的例子展示了治疗犬给学生带来诸多好处，故选C。 32．细节理解题。根据第四段“Pet therapy also lowers stress hormones. In other words, just being in contact with a therapy dog calms kids down when they’re upset. And reducing feelings of anxiety and depression enables them to focus on learning.”可知，治疗犬能帮助缓解焦虑和沮丧情绪，对于因成绩感到焦虑的学生能带来很大益处，故选B。 33．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了治疗犬进入教室给学生带来诸多益处，A选项“治疗犬：课堂伙伴”为最佳标题。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·北京大兴·期末） Plants face many challenges during their lifetimes. Unlike animals, plants cannot hide during a storm or move away from an insect attack. Instead, they must stand still and deal with every challenge that comes their way. This has made plants masters of self-defense (防御) and experts at adapting (适应) themselves to changes in their environments. One way plants can change to deal with challenges is through a process called natural selection (选择). This is usually a very slow process in which those plants that are best adapted to their environments produce the most offspring, or seeds. Adaptations could be sharp thorns (刺) that protect a plant from being eaten by a giraffe, or poisonous (有毒的) leaves that protect it from insects. However, change through natural selection usually happens very slowly. In long-lived plants like trees, it can take hundreds of years. Luckily, there is another, much quicker way. This type of change is controlled by something called epigenetics. Epigenetic marks on the DNA control how compacted (“turned off”) or loose  (“turned on”) the DNA is. This change is especially important in long-lived trees, like conifers (针叶树), as they may face more environmental conditions in their lifetimes. It allows conifers to remember the stressful past and be better prepared for the future. Conifers can form “memories” because of many kinds of environmental challenges, such as temperature conditions, insect attacks and so on. One environmental signal (信号) that can trigger conifer memories is the temperature the baby trees experienced when the seeds were developing. Trees that developed at different temperatures show different timing in terms of when new leaves appear in spring. New leaves appear earlier on trees from seeds at lower temperatures, and trees developed at warmer temperatures grow new leaves later in the season. Treating conifers with plant-made defense chemicals can also cause memories. When small conifer trees are treated with plant-made defense chemicals in the fall, they are better able to defend themselves against insect attacks when they are planted out in the forest in spring. Trees remember the past—not with brains, like us, but through epigenetic changes. There are still a lot of things we do not know about how and how long trees can remember the past. When we have learned more about tree epigenetics, we can perhaps grow new forests that are better at dealing with climate change, insect attacks and diseases. 34．What do you know about natural selection from the passage? A．The ability of hiding during a storm is an example of natural selection. B．Natural selection allows plants to change rapidly to their environments. C．The ability of growing sharp thorns is a result of natural selection. D．Natural selection is a slow process that is environmental-friendly. 35．The word “trigger” in Paragraph 4 most probably means “________”. A．start to change B．cause…to work C．start to share D．cause…to lose 36．What would the writer most probably agree with? A．Epigenetic change is better than natural selection. B．Temperature can influence the size of conifer leaves. C．Climate change can help conifers to deal with insect attacks. D．More epigenetics knowledge is needed to help trees grow better. 37．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Tree Masters: How Can Trees Deal With Climate Change? B．Tree Experts: How Can Trees Make More Seeds in Spring? C．Tree Challenges: How Can Trees Live During Insect Attacks? D．Tree Memories: How Can Trees Remember Without a Brain? 【答案】34．C 35．B 36．D 37．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了植物通过表观遗传学触发记忆来应对各种挑战。 34．细节理解题。根据“One way plants can change to deal with challenges is through a process called natural selection...Adaptations could be sharp thorns that protect a plant from being eaten by a giraffe, or poisonous leaves that protect it from insects.”可知，生长尖刺的能力是自然选择的结果。故选C。 35．词句猜测题。根据“One environmental signal that can trigger conifer memories is the temperature the baby trees experienced when the seeds were developing.”可知，种子发育时幼树所经历的温度能够触发针叶记忆。划线单词意思为“引起，触发”，与B选项意思相近。故选B。 36．推理判断题。根据“When we have learned more about tree epigenetics, we can perhaps grow new forests that are better at dealing with climate change, insect attacks and diseases.”可推测，作者认为需要更多的表观遗传学知识来帮助树木生长得更好。故选D。 37．最佳标题题。通读全本并根据“Trees remember the past—not with brains, like us, but through epigenetic changes.”可知，本文主要介绍了没有大脑的植物通过表观遗传学触发记忆的方式来应对各种挑战。选项D“树的记忆：没有大脑，树怎么能记住？”最适合作标题。故选D。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $