Unit 1 Period 3 课时学案 语言知识讲练(Reading and Thinking)-【名师导航】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册教师用书word（人教版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦Reading and Thinking模块的语言知识讲练，系统梳理10个核心词汇（如preserve, balance）的词性、搭配及语境应用，解析2个重点句型（There comes a time when..., not only...but also...）的结构与写作迁移，配套语法填空、应用文写作、阅读理解等分层练习，构建从基础到应用的学习支架。 资料以情境化设计为特色，通过教材原句延伸至读后续写、景点介绍等真实语境，提升语言运用能力，融入文化遗产相关阅读（如竹筏漂流、传统戏剧）渗透文化意识，结合句式升级、推理判断等训练发展思维品质。课中助力教师高效授课，课后便于学生自主巩固，弥补知识盲点。

Period 3　 语言知识讲练(Reading and Thinking) 1．(教材原句)There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future． *preserve vt．保存；保护；维持 n．保护区 (preservation n．保存；维护；保留) (1)preserve...from...　　 保护……免受…… (2)nature preserves 自然保护区 (3)well preserved adj． 保存良好的 语境串记/单句写作 ①在这个自然保护区，所有的濒危物种都被保护得很好，这是因为一个组织一直在保护它们免于灭绝。我们必须尽自己的一份力量来保护它们。 In this nature preserve，all endangered species are well preserved，which is because an organisation has been preserving them from extinction．We must do our part to preserve them． ②(应用文写作之景点介绍)这个有着一千多年历史的河畔古镇拥有一批保存完好的明代建筑。 The river-side town with a history of more than 1，000 years boasts a group of well preserved buildings from the Ming Dynasty． 2．(教材原句)Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge． *balance n．平衡；均匀 vt．使平衡[balanced adj．保持(或显示)平衡的] (1)keep/lose (one's) balance　 保持/失去平衡 keep a balance between...and... 保持……和……之 间的平衡 a sense of balance 平衡感 (2)balance A against B 权衡/比较A与B balance A and/with B 使A和B平衡；同等重视A和B 单句语法填空/单句写作 ①Enough exercise and a balanced (balance) diet can help you develop a healthy lifestyle． ②You have to balance the advantages of living in a big city against the disadvantages． ③(读后续写之动作描写)她静静地坐着，突然失去平衡，重重地摔了一跤。 She was sitting quietly when she lost her balance and had a bad fall． 3．(教材原句)But the proposal led to protests． *proposal n．提议；建议 (propose v．提议；提出；建议；求婚) (1)make /accept/oppose a proposal　　 提出/接受/反对一项建议 a proposal to do sth．/ for sth． 做某事的建议 make a proposal that＋主语＋(should) do 提议…… (2)propose doing sth． 提议做某事 propose that...(should)＋do 提议…… 单句语法填空/单句写作 ①He made a proposal that the meeting (should) be put (put) off． ②The proposal for a new school club was accepted finally． ③(应用文写作之建议信)我谨代表学生会，提出校园节水的提议。 On behalf of the Students' Union，I'd like to put forward/make a proposal to save water on our campus． ④(应用文写作之建议信)当约翰提议做爆米花时，其他同学表示同意，高兴地跳起来。 When John proposed making popcorn，the other classmates all agreed,jumping with joy． 4．(教材原句)Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt's cultural heritage． *likely adj．可能的 adv．可能地(unlikely adj．不大可能发生的) (1)(sb．/sth．)be likely to do sth． (常与most，more，very连用)(某人/物) 可能做某事 (2)It's likely that...　　 很可能…… (3)Not likely! 绝不可能！/才不呢！ 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①(应用文写作之建议信)People with a positive attitude towards life are more likely to succeed(succeed)． ②(应用文写作之建议信)If you can find suitable learning methods，it is likely that your learning efficiency will improve． ③(读后续写之主题升华)一个表达关爱的小小举动很可能会融化人们内心的孤单。 It is likely that a small act of care will melt the loneliness in people's hearts．(likely adj．) →A small act of care is very likely to melt the loneliness in people's hearts．(likely adj．) →Very likely a small act of care will melt the loneliness in people's hearts．(likely adv．) 5．(教材原句)After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem，and citizens who lived near the dam，the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959． *turn to向……求助(to为介词，后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语) 单句语法填空/单句写作 ①The job turned out to be harder than we thought． ②You must turn in your homework when leaving the classroom． ③Tom turned down the invitation to the party because he was too busy． ④(读后续写之人物描写)他总是乐于助人，因此我决定向他求助。 He was always ready to help others，so I decided to turn to him for help． 6．(教材原句)A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics． *limit n．限度；限制 vt．限制；限定 (limitation n．限制；局限；limited adj．有限的) (1)without limit　　　　　 无限制地 there is no/a limit to (介词) ……是无限制的/有限 度的 set a limit/limits on... 对……进行限制 (2)limit...to(介词) 将……限制在 (3)be limited to...(介词) 被限制到…… 单句写作/语境串记 ①人的生命是有限的，但为人民服务是无限的。 There is a limit to one's life，but no limit to serving the people． ②这个城市的房价好像在无限制地飞涨。 The house prices in the city seemed shooting up without limit． ③(应用文写作之征稿通知)只要词数在300以内，任何写作形式都是可以接受的。 Any form of writing is acceptable so long as it is limited to 300 words． ④李老师要求我把演讲限制在十分钟之内。时间很有限，我不得不删掉演讲中的第二个例子。尽管有些局限性，我的演讲还是博得了全场观众的喝彩。 Mr．Li asked me to limit my speech to ten minutes．Time is so limited that I have to cut the second example off my speech．Despite the limitations，my speech brought the house down． 7．(教材原句)A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics． *loss n．丧失；损失(lost adj．丢失的；迷路的) (1)at a loss　　　　　　　 不知所措 loss of interest/confidence 失去兴趣/信心 a sense of loss 失落感 gains and losses 得与失 A loss may turn out to be a gain．(谚语) 塞翁失马，焉知非福。 (2)be lost in 专注于；迷失于；陷入 单句语法填空/单句写作 ①The government established a fund to prevent habitat loss (lose) of the rare animals． ②He stared at the stars, lost(lose) in thought． ③(读后续写之情感描写)没有我心爱的海滩和无尽的蓝天，我感到茫然和格格不入。 Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days，I felt at a loss and out of place． ④(读后续写之情感描写)她哭了好几个小时，感到有种深深的失落感。 She cried for hours and felt a deep sense of loss． 8．(教材原句)The group asked for contributions from different departments and raised funds within the international community． *contribution n．捐款；贡献；捐赠(contribute vi．& vt．捐献；捐助) (1)make a contribution/contributions to... 向……捐款；为……作出贡献 (2)contribute to 为……作出贡献或捐款；有助于；促成； 导致；投稿 contribute...to... 把……捐献给；投稿 以上短语中的to均为介词，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 [名师点津]　分辨donate和 contribute 二者均可表示“捐献”，后面均可接to。表示捐钱或衣物时，二者可互换使用。donate 还可表示献血。contribute 侧重指“贡献”，通常指贡献财力、物力、智力等。contribute 还可表示“促成”“起作用”“投稿”的意思。 单句写作/词汇升级 ①(应用文写作之倡议书)每个公民都应为保护环境出一份力。 Every citizen should make a contribution to protecting the environment．(contribution) ②(应用文写作之求助信)我相信你的建议一定会有助于我们在表演中获得成功。 I'm sure your advice will contribute to our success in the show．(contribute) ③他定期给《新科学家》杂志撰稿。 He contributes regularly to the magazine New Scientist． ④Personally，exercise can help improve both our physical and mental health． →Personally，exercise can contribute to the improvement of both our physical and mental health． 9．(教材原句)Why did the Egyptian government want to attempt the building of the dam? *attempt n．& vt．企图；试图；尝试(attempted adj．未遂的；未得手的) (1)make an attempt to do/at doing sth． 试图做某事 at one's first attempt 某人第一次尝试 in an attempt to do sth． 为了做某事；试图做某事 (2)attempt to do/at doing sth． 努力(企图)做某事 单句写作/词汇升级 ①(应用文写作之求助信)试图解释是没有意义的——他不会听的。 There is no point in attempting to make/attempting at making an explanation—he'll never listen． ②大卫在中途摔倒了，他试图挣扎着站起来。他的第一次尝试失败了。然而，经过几次尝试，他还是成功了！ David fell down halfway，and he attempted /made an attempt to struggle to get up．He failed at his first attempt．However，after several attempts，he made it! ③禁止使用塑料袋是为了改善城市环境。 Plastic bags are banned in order to improve the city environment． →Plastic bags are banned in an attempt to improve the city environment．(attempt n．) 10．(教材原句)A lot of money was spent to protect the temples．Do you think it was worthwhile? *worthwhile adj．值得做的；值得花时间的(worth adj．值得的；worthy adj．值得的) (1)It's worthwhile to do/doing sth． 做某事是值得的 (2)be (well) worth doing... ……(非常)值得做 (主动 形式表被 动意义) (3)be worthy of being done/to be done ……值得被做 be worthy of＋ n． 值得…… 一句多译/ 单句写作 ①(应用文写作之邀请信)既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我认为这个节日值得你体验。 Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture，I think this festival is worth experiencing．(worth) →Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture，I think this festival is worthy to be experienced/ of being experienced．(worthy) →Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture，I think it is worthwhile to experience/ experiencing this festival．(worthwhile) ②看到妈妈的笑脸，双胞胎感到他们的辛苦是很值得的。 Seeing Mother's smiling face，the twins both found their hard work very worthwhile． 词汇 ①creative adj．创造性的；有创造力的 ②take part in 参与(某事)；参加(某活动) ③lead to 导致 ④conduct n．行为；举止；管理方法 vt．组织；安排；带领 微练 ①当我妈妈看到我的作品时，她说我的设计非常有创意。 When my mother saw my creations，she told me how creative my designs were． ②(应用文写作之建议信)你最好积极参加各种课外活动，在那里你可以交到更多的朋友。 You'd better take an active part in various after-class activities，where you can make more friends． ③(应用文写作之求助信)我写信是想请求你的帮助。缺乏自信会导致很多痛苦，这对我的学习产生了负面影响。 I'm writing to ask you for your help．A lack of confidence can lead to a lot of suffering，which has had a side effect on my study． ④(应用文写作之建议信)记住言行一致，这在交朋友时很重要。 Keep in mind that your conduct agrees with your words，which is important in making friends． 1．(教材原句)There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future． *There comes a time when... 句型There comes a time when...意思为“一个……的时期已经到来”，可看成是一种语序倒装形式，即here，there等表示地点的副词置于句首且主语是名词时，要把谓语动词提到主语前边(完全倒装)。也可看成是there be句型的变体，即用其他动词，如come，stand，lie，live，appear等代替be动词。 [名师点津]　常见的完全倒装句型 (1)方位性的副词here或there等置于句首； (2)方向性的副词away，down，off，out等置于句首； (3)表示地点的介词短语置于句首。 单句语法填空/单句写作 ①There comes (come)a time when people know clearly it is important to prevent our cultural relics from being damaged． ②In my room，there stands(stand)a small bookcase near the window． ③下雨了，雨水把小蜘蛛冲走了。 Down came the rain，and washed the little spider out． ④他曾经一度很沮丧，想离开这里。 There was a time when he was disappointed and wanted to leave here． 2．(教材原句)Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow． *not only＋倒装结构，but (also)... (1)当not only...but (also)...结构连接两个并列分句，且not only位于句首时，not only所在的分句要部分倒装，即将谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词或系动词be)移至主语之前，but also后面的句子不倒装。 (2)当“not only...but(also)...”连接两个对等的语法结构，如名词、代词或短语作主语时，谓语动词要遵循“就近原则”，即要和 but (also)后的成分在人称和数上保持一致。 单句写作/句式升级 ①毫无疑问，不仅学生而且他们的老师都喜欢踢足球。 There is no doubt that not only the students but also their teacher likes playing football． ②(应用文写作之新闻报道)这个展览的主题是环境保护，这不仅有意义，而且很有趣。 The theme of the show is environmental protection，which is not only meaningful but also interesting． ③这次越野赛不仅强身健体，而且增进了我们的友谊。 The cross-country race not only built up our body，but (also) it promoted our friendship． →Not only did the cross-country race build up our body，but (also) it promoted our friendship．(倒装结构) 课时提升作业(一)　(UNIT 1　Reading and Thinking) (建议用时：45分钟　总分：96分) Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 1．On National Day，the guide conducted(带领) the American visitors around the Great Wall． 2．I consider it a good chance to promote (促进) the Chinese culture and develop my ability． 3．The committee of the department looks forward to limiting (限制) the power of some leaders． 4．These eighteen-century oil paintings are preserved (保存) so well that the visitors are greatly amazed． 5．The Red Cross was established (创立) in Geneva，Switzerland in 1863． Ⅱ．单词语法填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 1．There are highly sensitive and delicately balanced (balance) ecosystems in the forest． 2．It is reported that the famous director made a generous donation (donate) to the charity． 3．My proposal (propose) is that we should establish a special organisation to solve the issue． 4．She made a lot of important contributions (contribution) to the development of humans． 5．The government has paid attention to the sudden disappearance (disappear) of the walls and decided to take measures to protect them． Ⅲ．短语填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) lead to，turn to，make sure，give way to，take part in 1．Make sure that you are working in a comfortable position． 2．His devotion to human rights led to a Nobel Peace Prize in 1989． 3．He turned to her，his eyes filled with anger． 4．The great happiness I felt about my son's birth suddenly gave way to deep sadness． 5．Six theatre clubs have been selected to take part in this year's festival． Ⅳ．完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 1．这次足球比赛不仅增强了我们的体质，而且还培养了我们的团队精神。(not only位于句首的倒装) Not only did the football match build us up，but it also developed our team spirit． 2．总有那么一刻努力会有回报，上周我在数学上的进步就证明了这一点。 There comes a time when hard work pays off,and my progress in math proved it last week． 3．在学习和爱好之间保持平衡很重要，所以我每天读书并弹吉他。 It's important to keep a balance between study and hobbies,so I read books and play guitar every day． 4．父母花更多时间和他们一起玩的孩子更有可能成功。(likely) Children whose parents spend more time playing with them are more likely to succeed． 5．在我看来，为我们的梦想而吃苦是值得的。(worthwhile) Personally，it is worthwhile to suffer for our dreams． Ⅴ．补全短文(共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分) 1．It is said that (据说)more than 500 students 2．took part in(参加)the 5-kilometer cross-country running race held last week．When the starting gun rang，all the participants knew 3．there came a time when they had to challenge themselves(他们必须挑战自我的时候到了)． As we had expected，the students participated actively and 4．attempted to win the match(试图赢得比赛)，which made the race a great success．While many students found that the finishing line was difficult to reach，they didn't give up．5．Not only did the race build us up，but it also promoted our friendship(这次赛跑不仅强身健体，也增进了我们的友谊)． In my opinion，6．it is worthwhile to participate in the 5-kilometer cross-country running race(参加这次5公里越野跑比赛是值得的)．Therefore，I 7．made a proposal(提出一项建议) that we should hold such activities regularly to 8．keep a balance between our study and entertainment(保持学习和娱乐之间的平衡)． Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A You might think of martial arts movies when you see people performing graceful moves down the river，all standing on a bamboo strip，but actually it is a form of intangible cultural heritage: bamboo drifting (竹筏漂流)． Over 2，000 years ago，the high-quality wood，nanmu，in Guizhou was in great demand by the royal court more than 2，000 kilometers to the north．With no better transportation，people had to stand on one log to drift down the river．Later，local people began to compete along the way and the game of wood drifting was born．In the Qing Dynasty，wood drifting became bamboo drifting because of bamboo's lower price．Due to the skills it takes for one to master this act，bamboo drifting was included in the national intangible cultural heritage list． Yang Liu，an inheritor (继承人) of bamboo drifting，learned it at 7．“Usually，the bamboo under your feet is about 9 meters long，and the bamboo in your hands is about 5 meters．If the length or diameter of the bamboo is not long enough，it will not float．Keeping our feet firmly positioned on the narrow bamboo pole is the key，so we should fight against the current (水流) by constantly changing the angle．I lost my balance and fell in the water many times while practicing．Once I fell，I gave it another try until I knew how to handle the most difficult part，”she said． The love for the ancient skill keeps Yang going．In the past 18 years，she has drifted all year round，in winter cold and summer heat．As hanfu culture has been on the rise，Yang started wearing hanfu while performing，creating a more beautiful feel．In 2020，Yang began to post her videos on social media．“I'm extremely proud to get responses from viewers that bamboo drifting makes the line between what is possible and impossible unclear．It's my mission to keep it alive and known to more people，”Yang Liu told ChinaDaily． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了国家非物质文化遗产——竹筏漂流，包括这项古老技艺的历史、特点以及人们对竹筏漂流的看法。 1．What can be learned from the first two paragraphs? A．The martial arts movie is a form of cultural heritage． B．Nanmu was delivered to the north by land． C．Bamboo was costly in Guizhou 2，000 years ago． D．Bamboo drifting involves lots of skills． D　[推理判断题。根据第二段中“Due to the skills it takes for one to master this act，bamboo drifting was included in the national intangible cultural heritage list．”可知，由于其需要很多技能，竹筏漂流被列入国家非物质文化遗产名录。由此推知，竹筏漂流需要很多技巧。故选D。] 2．What is the biggest challenge in bamboo drifting? A．Finding the proper bamboo． B．Holding the bamboo firmly in hands． C．Maintaining a fixed angle． D．Keeping balance． D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“Keeping our feet firmly positioned on the narrow bamboo pole is the key，so we should fight against the current by constantly changing the angle．”可知，竹筏漂流最大的挑战是保持平衡。故选D。] 3．What do the viewers think of bamboo drifting? A．Unbelievable．　　　　 B．Demanding． C．Confusing． D．Boring． A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I'm extremely proud to get responses from viewers that bamboo drifting makes the line between what is possible and impossible unclear．”可知，从观众那里得到的反馈是，竹筏漂流让可能和不可能之间的界限变得模糊，杨柳感到非常自豪。由此推知，观众认为竹筏漂流不可思议。故选A。] 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Transporting Bamboo down the River B．Intangible Cultural Heritage in Guizhou C．Balancing with Grace D．Yang Liu: a Creative Performer C　[标题归纳题。根据第一段中“You might think of martial arts movies...bamboo drifting．”并通读全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了国家非物质文化遗产——竹筏漂流，介绍了这项古老技艺的历史、特点以及人们对竹筏漂流的看法。所以C选项“优雅地平衡”最适合作为文章标题。故选C。] B At one time，the inheritance (传承) of traditional drama (戏剧) was difficult．People of wisdom screamed “save drama”．Many famous people and big names put down their figures and went to the community to carry out public welfare performances of opera，and did everything possible to enlarge the coverage of drama．In recent years，traditional Chinese culture and art has gained a foothold on short video platforms and attracted a large number of young followers because of the great growth of the short video industry．Relaxing and emotional，these video contents perfectly match the needs of the users．With the application of new technologies such as social communication and immersive experiencing，short video platforms are seeing more users，becoming a shining spot of new Internet media． Recently，Huangmei Opera Female Consort Prince became a hit on short video platforms as a lot of young users covered the aria (咏叹调) in their own way and showed great artistic talents．The interactive platforms are widening the charm of the traditional opera among young people． Peking Opera was also well-received on short video platforms because of a series of augmented reality (AR) effects．Users love to film clips with a set of virtual facial make-up，headwear and costumes．It is reported that these effects were applied by more than 18 million users，most of whom were young people． In addition to Chinese operas，intangible cultural heritage items，such as embroidery，paper-cutting，printing and dyeing，shadow play works，oiled-paper umbrella making，and bamboo weaving are also actively promoted on short video platforms．In a word，short video platforms are becoming an important means to display China's intangible cultural heritage． Short video platforms，offering a fun，popular and easy way to explore the traditional art forms，are receiving a lot of positive feedbacks (反馈) from China's young generations．The seconds，or minutes long videos，along with unlimited possibilities as well as richness of styles，have produced impressive achievements in promoting traditional Chinese culture． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于短视频行业的爆炸式增长，中国传统文化和艺术在短视频平台上站稳了脚跟，吸引了大量年轻粉丝。戏曲、刺绣、剪纸、印染、皮影戏、油纸伞、竹编等非物质文化遗产项目也在短视频平台上被积极推广。 5．What mainly made the inheritance of traditional drama difficult? A．The slow growth of industry．　 B．The short coverage of drama． C．The poorly-met needs of the users．　 D．The serious shortage of the drama actors． C　[细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三、四句可知，传统戏曲传承困难的主要原因是用户的需求得不到满足。故选C项。] 6．What led to the promotion of Peking Opera on short video platform? A．The social communication．　 B．The set of virtual facial make-up． C．The positive feedbacks from users．　 D．The application of new technologies． D　[细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句“Peking Opera was also well-received on short video platforms because of a series of augmented reality (AR) effects．”可知，新科技的运用促成了京剧在短视频平台上的推广。故选D项。] 7．Why are paper-cutting and bamboo weaving mentioned? A．To enlarge the charm of traditional Chinese culture． B．To prove traditional art forms are actively promoted． C．To show the present situation of these cultural heritage． D．To offer new means to display China's cultural heritage． B　[推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段第一句可推知，文章提到剪纸和竹编是为了证明传统艺术形式得到了积极的推广。故选B项。] 8．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Bright Future of Huangmei Opera B．The Great Growth of the Short Video Industry C．The Simple Way to Explore the Traditional Art Form D．The Creative Connection of Culture and Technologies D　[标题归纳题。根据文章第一段最后一句和文章最后一句，并结合全文可知，本文主要是在介绍文化与科技的创造性结合。故选D项。] Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) The Olmecs were an ancient civilization that developed in what is now modern-day Mexico from around 1500 BCE to 400 BCE． There are very few written records to tell us about the culture． 1 However，they are now considered the “mother culture”of Meso-America because their achievements influenced later civilizations such as the Maya． The Olmecs lived in a region (地区) known as the Gulf Coast，where they developed advanced farming techniques．They grew crops (作物) and built irrigation systems (灌溉系统) to water their fields． 2 One of the most famous things about the Olmecs is their amazing art．They were top artists and made huge stone heads．These heads，carved out of heavy stones，show human faces with special features． 3 They also made impressive jade figurines (玉石雕像)．Their artwork often featured animals like snakes，which were important to their culture． 4 They used symbols called hieroglyphs to express words and ideas．Although we haven't been able to understand all of their writing yet，it shows us that the Olmecs were very advanced in their communication． The Olmecs were known for their trade activities too．They traded with other regions and got valuable things like jade． 5 Today，archaeologists continue to study the Olmecs and uncover more about their great civilization． A．So in fact we know very little about the Olmecs． B．The Olmecs were also great artists in other ways． C．Many other cultures appeared in the region in later years． D．This shows that they had connections with different cultures． E．Another interesting thing about the Olmecs is their system of writing． F．There are several Olmec sites thought to be important centers of activity． G．This allowed them to support a large population and build strong societies． 【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了奥尔梅克人。他们使用叫作象形文字的符号来表达单词和思想。虽然我们还不能理解他们所有的文字，但它向我们展示了奥尔梅克人在交流方面非常先进。奥尔梅克人以他们的贸易活动而闻名。他们与其他地区进行贸易，并获得了宝贵的东西。 1．A　[根据上文中的“There are very few written records to tell us about the culture．”可知，有关奥尔梅克文明的文字资料很少，所以事实上我们对奥尔梅克人知之甚少，因此A项符合此处内容。A项通过so与上文在内容上构成因果关系。] 2．G　[根据常识和上文中的“they developed advanced farming techniques”以及“They grew crops and built irrigation systems to water their fields．”可知，奥尔梅克人的农业技术非常发达，他们不仅会种植作物，还设计了灌溉系统，这使他们能够养活大量人口并建立强大的社会，因此G项符合此处内容。G项中的this和them分别指代上文中的“They grew crops and built irrigation systems to water their fields．”以及“The Olmecs”。] 3．B　[根据本段的主旨句“One of the most famous things about the Olmecs is their amazing art．”和下文中的“They also made impressive jade figurines．”可知，作者在本段介绍奥尔梅克人的艺术成绩。奥尔梅克人不仅会创作巨型人头像，在其他艺术领域也是登峰造极的艺术家，例如他们还会创作令人惊叹的玉石雕像，因此B项符合此处内容。] 4．E　[设空处为本段的主旨句。根据下文中的“They used symbols called hieroglyphs to express words and ideas”“their writing”以及“their communication”可知，作者在本段介绍奥尔梅克人的文字，因此E项最能概括本段主旨。E项通过“Another interesting thing”与上文内容“One of the most famous things”构成并列关系。hieroglyphs意为“象形文字”。] 5．D　[根据上文中的“They traded with other regions and got valuable things like jade．”可知，奥尔梅克人会与其他区域的文明进行贸易往来，这就意味着奥尔梅克人与其他文化存在交流和联系，因此D项符合此处内容。] Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) Xuan paper first appeared in On Famous Paintings Through the Ages，a book that 1． (write) by Tang Dynasty (618—907) scholar Zhang Yanyuan，in which he described Xuan paper 2． an ideal carrier for calligraphy and painting．Handmade Xuan paper from Jingxian county，East China's Anhui Province，3． (be) listed as a tribute(贡品) to the imperial court for its supreme quality during the period． The 4． (tradition)craft (工艺) of making Xuan paper is extremely demanding．Sandalwood bark，a plant native to southern China，goes through 108 procedures together with rice straw over the course of three years before it can transform into a batch of fine Xuan paper．The entire process is so complex 5． even the most skilled craftsman can only master limited number of steps． The flow of ink，both guided 6． resisted (阻挡) by water，determines the output of Chinese art，and Xuan paper outshines others with its excellent 7． (able) to give full play to ink．Different proportions of bark to straw during the papermaking process can create different canvases best suited for artistic expression in freehand ink paintings or calligraphy． Xuan paper 8． (play) an important role in Chinese history in the past several thousand years．And it is loved by Chinese people because it is not easy to be damaged with time 9． (go) by．We can 10． (safe) say it is its durability that has made the preservation of many valuable works from ancient China possible． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宣纸的历史、制作工艺以及其在中国历史上的重要作用。 1．was written　[考查动词的时态、语态与主谓一致。句意：宣纸最早出现在唐代(618—907)学者张彦远所著的《历代名画论》中，他在书中称宣纸是书画的理想载体。先行词book为单数，定语从句中谓语动词用单数形式，且book与write之间为被动关系，而write为发生在过去的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was written。] 2．as　[考查介词。describe sth．as... 表示“把……描述为……”。故填as。] 3．was　[考查动词的时态与主谓一致。句意：中国东部安徽省泾县的手工宣纸因其卓越的品质在这一时期被列为朝廷的贡品。分析句子可知，此处是描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，且主语是 Handmade Xuan paper，谓语动词应用单数。故填was。] 4．traditional　[考查词性转换。句意：制作宣纸的传统工艺要求极高。修饰名词craft应用形容词形式。故填traditional。] 5．that　[考查状语从句。句意：整个过程是如此复杂，即使是最熟练的工匠也只能掌握有限的步骤。so... that... 表示“如此……以至于……”。故填that。] 6．and　[考查连词。句意：水墨的流动，受水的引导和阻力，决定了中国艺术的输出，宣纸以其出色的发挥水墨的能力而出类拔萃。both... and... 表示“既……又……”。故填and。] 7．ability　[考查词性转换。分析句子可知，此处形容词excellent修饰名词 。故填ability。] 8．has played　[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：宣纸在过去几千年的中国历史上扮演着重要的角色。根据时间状语 in the past several thousand years 可知，应用现在完成时，且主语是 Xuan paper，谓语动词应用单数。故填has played。] 9．going　[考查非谓语动词。句意：而且它很受中国人的喜爱，因为它不容易随着时间的推移而损坏。这里为with的复合结构。介词with后的宾语time与go之间为主动关系，所以用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。故填going。] 10．safely　[考查词性转换。句意：我们可以肯定地说，正是它的耐用性使许多中国古代的珍贵作品得以保存。修饰动词say应用副词形式。故填safely。] 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $