主题素养练（9）Unit 1 Nature in the Balance（Word练习）-【金版新学案】2026年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（译林版）

主题素养练（九） A卷 (时间：25分钟　满分：30分) Ⅰ．阅读理解(共7小题，每小题2．5分，共17．5分) A (2025·四川雅安教学质量检测)Wildlife conservation programs are a great way to get involved in the preservation of endangered species, as well as learn how you can help protect them．If you are a wildlife lover, here are some programs you can choose． ●Animal Rescue Project, South Africa You will be working with experienced conservationists in Cape Town．A significant challenge is to find new homes for homeless dogs and cats．The project comprises two sections: a fully equipped animal hospital and an adoption center focusing on securing new homes．Due to limited funding, the center can only afford a small number of permanent staff, relying heavily on wildlife lovers to assist with daily tasks and provide hands­on care for these animals． ●Sea Turtle Conservation Project, Sri Lanka Recent years have witnessed a significant decline in the sea turtle's numbers due to numerous commercial fishing．As a wildlife lover, your role extends to supporting hatcheries (孵化场) in their conservation efforts．Additionally, your involvement helps these hatcheries with funds, as we provide a placement fee for each wildlife lover, enabling them to generate additional income． ●Wildlife Conservation Program, Australia You will be engaged in activities such as animal feeding, cleaning, maintenance, and enrichment．This program provides an incredible opportunity to gain firsthand international work experience．For you, this program is an excellent choice．Not only will you contribute to a noble cause, but it also offers a fantastic opportunity to meet people from around the world． ●Marine Conservation Program, Bali You will be working in Tianyar, where the reef is now in a worsening state．The project was initiated to restore and conserve Tianyar's coral reef, not only to protect its remarkable and delicate ecosystems but also to secure a sustainable future for the residents． [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。短文为野生动物爱好者提供了一些可供选择的濒危物种保护项目。 1．What problem does the adoption center meet with? A．Insufficient equipment． B．Insecure surroundings． C．Shortage of shelters． D．Lack of hands． D　[细节理解题。根据Animal Rescue Project, South Africa中的“Due to limited funding, the center can only afford a small number of permanent staff”可知，收养中心面临的问题是缺少员工。故选D项。] 2．Which program will offer financial assistance? A．Animal Rescue Project, South Africa． B．Sea Turtle Conservation Project, Sri Lanka． C．Wildlife Conservation Program, Australia． D．Marine Conservation Program, Bali． B　[细节理解题。根据Sea Turtle Conservation Project, Sri Lanka中的“Additionally, your involvement helps these hatcheries with funds, as we provide a placement fee for each wildlife lover, enabling them to generate additional income．”可知，Sea Turtle Conservation Project, Sri Lanka提供经济援助。故选B项。] 3．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To promote program cooperation． B．To advocate restoring ecosystems． C．To introduce endangered species protection． D．To encourage engagement in wildlife preservation． D　[写作意图题。根据第一段“Wildlife conservation programs are a great way to get involved in the preservation of endangered species, as well as learn how you can help protect them．If you are a wildlife lover, here are some programs you can choose．”可知，短文的目的是鼓励参与野生动物保护。故选D项。] B (2025·江西省新高三摸底考)Plants are known to respond to seasonal changes by budding (发芽), leafing, and flowering．As climate change stands to shift these so­called phenological (物候的) stages in the life cycle of plants, access to data about phenological changes—from many different locations and in different plants—can be used to draw conclusions about the actual consequences of climate change． However, conducting such analyses require a large amount of data and data collection of this scale would be unthinkable without the help of citizen scientists． “Mobile apps like Flora Incognita could help solve this issue．The app allows users to identify unknown wild plants within a matter of seconds．When I take a picture of a plant with the app, the observation is recorded with the exact location as well as a time stamp，” says the first author Karin Mora, a research fellow at Leipzig University． Although satellite data also records the phenology of entire ecosystems from above, they do not provide information about the processes taking place on the ground． The researchers developed an algorithm (算法) that draws on almost 10 million observations of nearly 3，000 plants species identified in Germany by users of Flora Incognita．The data show that each individual plant has its own cycle as to when it begins a flowering or growth phase．Furthermore, the scientists were able to show that group behaviour arises from the behaviour of individuals．From this, they were able to conclude ecological patterns and investigate how these change with the seasons．For example, ecosystems by rivers differ from those in the mountains, where phenological events start later． It is known that climate change is causing seasonal shifts—for example, spring is arriving earlier and earlier．How this affects the relationship between plants and pollinating insects and therefore, potentially also food security, is still being subject to further research．The new algorithm can now be used to better analyse the effects of these changes on the plant world． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。一个研究小组开发了一种算法，这种算法可以分析来自Flora Incognita应用程序的观测数据，以判断气候变化对植物的影响。 4．What is the significance of data about phenological changes? A．It can serve as the indicator of weather． B．It can help people to select the best seeds． C．It can show the actual effects of climate change． D．It can be used to change the life cycle of plants． C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“As climate change stands to shift these so­called phenological (物候的) stages in the life cycle of plants, access to data about phenological changes—from many different locations and in different plants—can be used to draw conclusions about the actual consequences of climate change．”可知，物候变化数据的意义在于它能反映气候变化的实际影响。故选C项。] 5．What does the underlined part “this issue” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Collecting data． B．Sorting out species． C．Identifying plants． D．Checking climate change． A　[词句猜测题。根据第二段“However, conducting such analyses require a large amount of data and data collection of this scale would be unthinkable without the help of citizen scientists．”和画线部分的上文“像Flora Incognita这样的移动应用程序可以帮助解决”可知，文中先提到需要收集大规模的数据，然后提到如Flora Incognita这样的移动应用程序可以帮助解决，由此可知，程序解决的是收集数据的问题，画线部分指代的是收集数据。故选A项。] 6．What conclusion did researchers draw using the new algorithm? A．Spring is becoming longer and longer． B．All plants have their own growth cycle． C．Group behaviour affects individual behaviour． D．Ecological patterns in different areas are similar． B　[细节理解题。根据第五段中“The data show that each individual plant has its own cycle as to when it begins a flowering or growth phase．”可知，研究人员利用新算法得出的结论是，所有植物都有自己的生长周期。故选B项。] 7．What is the passage mainly about? A．How citizen scientists use mobile apps to collect data． B．How climate change is affecting the growth of plants． C．How a plant app helps identify the impact of climate change． D．How Flora Incognita allows users to identify unknown wild plants． C　[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第五段中“The researchers developed an algorithm (算法) that draws on almost 10 million observations of nearly 3，000 plants species identified in Germany by users of Flora Incognita．”可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员利用新开发的算法分析来自Flora Incognita应用程序中的观测数据，以判断气候变化对植物的影响。故选C项。] Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题，每小题2．5分，共12．5分) (2025·安徽皖南八校联考)For many of us, pets are an important part of our family．1( ) Here are four things you should do to make sure your pet is ready for air travel． Make sure your pet is vaccinated．2( ) But almost every destination requires pets like dogs and cats to have a vaccination．And the vaccination must usually be within less than a year．Be sure to talk to your vet about what other vaccinations your pet might need for your destination． Find out if your pet needs to be microchipped．Many places require pet dogs and cats to be microchipped．The chip is about the size of a grain of rice, and is placed under the skin between the animal's shoulders．3( ) Get your pet comfortable with their carrier．Your pet will probably have to travel in a box or carrier while in the air．You should get them used to this environment before you fly, putting them in it regularly．4( ) Try putting the carrier in your car to get your pet used to the feeling of traveling in it． 5( ) So they don't need to go to the bathroom too much．Pet product company Chewy recommends not feeding your dog or cat for 4－6 hours before flying．This will also help make them less likely to throw up if they get motion sickness． A．Avoid feeding your pet before flying． B．Find ways to keep your pets off sickness． C．Every country has its own rules for visiting animals． D．Thus give them time to fall asleep there if possible． E．And we certainly don't want to leave them behind when travelling． F．It isn't easy for pets to get used to their new environment in the air． G．If your pet gets lost, this microchip can be scanned to find your contact information． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了携带宠物航空出行需要注意的一些事项。 1．E　[根据上文可知，宠物对一个家庭来说很重要，并结合下文说明要携带宠物旅行。故E项“我们当然不想在旅行时把它们落下。”引出下文携带宠物出行需要注意的事项。故选E项。] 2．C　[根据上文“Make sure your pet is vaccinated．”及下文“But almost every destination requires pets like dogs and cats to have a vaccination．”可知，每个国家对外来宠物都有一定的要求。C项“每个国家对外来动物都有自己的规定。”与后文构成转折，虽然每个国家对外来动物都有自己的规定，但在接种疫苗方面的要求是一致的。故选C项。] 3．G　[根据上文可知，宠物狗和猫需要植入芯片。G项“如果你的宠物迷路了，可以通过扫描这个微芯片找到你的联系信息。”承接上文，说明植入芯片的好处。故选G项。] 4．D　[上文说明在飞行前应该让宠物熟悉待在航空箱的感觉。D项“因此，如果可能的话，让它们有时间在那里入睡。”进一步说明如何让宠物熟悉这种环境。故选D项。] 5．A　[本段主要介绍避免在乘坐飞机前给自己的宠物喂食。A项“避免在飞行前给宠物喂食。”符合语境。故选A项。] B卷 (时间：30分钟　满分：40分) Ⅰ．阅读理解(共4小题，每小题2．5分，共10分) (2025·广东六校二联)Researchers at the University of Exeter in England have crafted a device that employs artificial intelligence (AI) to detect Asian wasps(黄蜂)．AI refers to the capability of computers to learn from experiences and execute tasks swiftly that would typically require a significant time investment from humans． Asian wasps are considered an invasive species, indicating that they are not native to the UK and can disrupt our ecosystem—the environment and its living organisms．These wasps feed on local insects and pose a significant threat to honeybees with a single wasp capable of killing up to 50 honeybees in a day． The innovative system, named VespAI, uses a sponge cloth soaked with a liquid that attracts wasps．Once the wasps are drawn in, an automatic camera takes pictures of them．The AI then analyzes the photos to determine whether the insect is an Asian wasp or a European wasp, which is a native species． If an Asian wasp is spotted, a notification is sent right away to the researcher's phone or computer．VespAI acts as an early­warning system, allowing for the detection of any Asian wasps that may have entered a new area of the UK．Its high precision helps authorities respond quickly to follow the wasps, find their nests, and get rid of them before they can reproduce． There is growing concern among experts that Asian wasps may have made a lasting home in the UK rather than being merely transient or accidental arrivals．Currently, the UK's way of dealing with Asian wasps depends on people seeing them, recognizing them, and reporting them．However, many of these reports turn out to be other kinds of insects． Dr．Thomas O'Shea­Wheller, who worked on VespAI, said this new system won't mistake other insects for Asian wasps or miss them when they come around．VespAI has been tested on the island of Jersey and will be tried in other places this year． [语篇解读]本文是说明文。研究人员发明了一款利用人工智能检测亚洲黄蜂的新设备VespAI，该设备可以快速而精准地检测到入侵物种亚洲黄蜂，从而保护当地的生态系统。 1．What does Paragraph 3 mainly focus on? A．VespAI's design and operation． B．The effectiveness of wasp traps． C．VespAI's influence on the ecosystem． D．Traditional wasp detecting methods． A　[段落大意题。第三段讲VespAI使用被浸泡了吸引黄蜂液体的海绵布。一旦黄蜂被吸引来，一台自动相机就会给它们拍照。然后，人工智能分析照片，确定昆虫是亚洲黄蜂还是本土物种欧洲黄蜂。由此可知，本段主要介绍了VespAI 的设计和操作。] 2．What does the underlined word “transient” mean in Paragraph 5? A．Widespread． B．Temporary． C．Frequent． D．Dangerous． B　[词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“rather than”可知，画线词与上文的 lasting“持久的”意思相反；再结合画线词后的“or accidental”可知，画线词与accidental“偶然的”的意思相近。故画线词的含义应与B项“短暂的”意思最为接近。] 3．Which statement would Dr．Thomas probably agree with? A．VespAI will help manage wasp invasions． B．VespAI requires constant human inspection． C．The current reporting system is highly effective． D．The current methods fail to identify Asian wasps． A　[推理判断题。根据题干中的Dr．Thomas将答案定位在最后一段。Dr．Thomas说VespAI不会把其他昆虫误认为是亚洲黄蜂，也不会在它们来的时候错过它们。由此可知，Dr．Thomas 认为VespAI可以有效帮助检测入侵物种亚洲黄蜂，从而抵御其入侵。故选A。B项“VespAI需要持续的人工检查”；C项“目前的报告制度非常有效”；D项“目前的方法无法识别亚洲黄蜂”。] 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．AI Disrupts the Survival of Insects B．The Threat of Asian Wasps to Bees C．AI Technology Boosts Wasp Detection D．The Impact of AI on Insect Identification C　[标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第一句话“Researchers．．．have crafted a device that employs artificial intelligence (AI) to detect Asian wasps(黄蜂)”可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员发明了一款利用人工智能检测入侵物种亚洲黄蜂的新设备VespAI，故C项“人工智能技术提高黄蜂检测能力”最适合作本文标题。A项“人工智能扰乱昆虫的生存”；B项“亚洲黄蜂对蜜蜂的威胁”；D项“人工智能对昆虫识别的影响”。] Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) (2025·武汉高三调研)In February Chen Qiqi was riding (乘车) on a field trip, seeking interesting plants in South China's Hainan Province．Suddenly, she 1 and gave other passengers a shock． As the car pulled over, she jumped off and 2 to the plant．Chen 3 the plant at close quarters, while taking pictures and shooting it from various angles．“It was Entada phaseoloides (榼藤) and I couldn't wait to share it with my 4 ，” she says． She applied for studies of 5 protection at college in 2015．The college study has given her 6 knowledge of plants and the plant­hunting 7 has made her have a good 8 of the natural world．These led to her option of becoming a teacher at a(n) 9 education institute after graduation． However, an unexpected thing interrupted her plan so she couldn't 10 with it．Instead, she picked up skills of video shooting, which 11 her to be a plant video blogger．Her short videos cover a 12 range of plants, including red spider lilies, box beans and air plants, etc．In Chen's 13 on social media, over 100 videos explaining varieties of plants have earned her almost 1 million followers． “I feel proud and my job is 14 when people say they know about some plants because of me．”As for her future plans, Chen says she 15 to carry on exploring the world of plants． [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。文章以博主陈奇奇在海南寻找榼藤的经历引入话题，介绍了她如何走上植物科普这条道路、取得的成绩以及未来的计划等。 1．A．hesitated B．screamed C．stopped D．collapsed B　[根据下文中的“As the car pulled over, she jumped off”可以看出，她非常激动。再结合空后的“gave other passengers a shock”和选项可知，她激动地尖叫(screamed)了起来，这也吓到了别的乘客。hesitate“犹豫，踌躇，迟疑”；collapse“倒坍，坍塌”。] 2．A．drove B．walked C．rolled D．rushed D　[根据空前的“As the car pulled over, she jumped off”可以看出，她非常激动。因此，车一停下她就跳了下来，冲向(rushed)了榼藤。roll“(使)翻滚，滚动”。] 3．A．cut B．smelt C．removed D．observed D　[根据下文中的“at close quarters, while taking pictures and shooting it from various angles”可知，她近距离地观察(observed)这株植物并拍照。] 4．A．audience B．students C．passengers D．staff A　[根据下文中的“a plant video blogger”可知，她是植物视频博主，故此处表示她迫不及待地想要和自己的观众(audience)分享自己的发现。staff“全体职员，员工”。] 5．A．plant B．community C．food D．animal A　[根据下文中的“The college study has given her 6 knowledge of plants”可知，她在大学学习植物(plant)保护。本空也可以结合全文的话题去判断，通篇讲的都是与植物相关的话题，由此可见，主人公陈奇奇很可能具有植物学习的经历。community “社区，社会”。] 6．A．formal B．previous C．systematic D．abstract C　[根据上文可知，她在大学学习植物保护。根据常识可知，大学的专业学习会让她具备系统化的(systematic)植物知识。formal“正式的；规范的”；previous“先前的；以往的”；abstract “抽象的”。] 7．A．choice B．degree C．experience D．requirement C　[结合上文可知，陈奇奇在寻找植物并很有收获。由此可见，寻找植物的经历(experience)让她对自然世界有更好的掌握(command)。choice“选择”；degree“度；学位”；requirement“要求，必要条件”。] 8．A．taste B．command C．view D．comment B　[参见第7题解析。have a good command of “精通；对……掌握熟练”。view“观点；视野”；comment“议论；评论”。] 9．A．nature B．health C．life D．environment A　[根据上文中的“The college study has given her 6 knowledge of plants．．．have a good 8 of the natural world”可知，这样的经历让她在毕业后选择成为一所自然(nature)教育学院的老师。] 10．A．conflict B．proceed C．compare D．end B　[根据上文中的“an unexpected thing interrupted her plan”和下文中的“Instead, she picked up skills of video shooting”可知，她不能继续(proceed)从事教师职业。proceed with sth固定搭配，意为“继续做某事(或从事、进行)”。conflict“冲突；争执；争论”；compare“比较；对比”。] 11．A．forbade B．reminded C．enabled D．forced C　[根据空前的“she picked up skills of video shooting”和空后的“to be a plant video blogger”可知，她学会拍摄视频的技巧，这使得她能够(enabled)成为一名植物视频博主。forbid“禁止；不准”；remind“提醒；使想起”；force“强迫，迫使(某人做某事)”。] 12．A．narrow B．new C．superb D．diverse D　[根据空后的“including red spider lilies, box beans and air plants, etc”可知，她的视频包括各种各样的(diverse)植物。narrow“狭窄的；窄小的”；superb“极佳的；卓越的；质量极高的”。] 13．A．account B．idea C．profile D．setting A　[根据空后的“over 100 videos”和“earned her almost 1 million followers”可知，此处讲的是她社交媒体账号(account)上的情况。profile“概述；简介；形象”；setting“环境；背景”。] 14．A．amusing B．valuable C．challenging D．practical B　[根据空后的“when people say they know about some plants because of me”可知，当人们说他们因为她了解了一些植物时，陈奇奇感到自豪，觉得自己的工作有价值(valuable)。amusing“有乐趣的；好笑的”；challenging“有挑战性的；考验能力的”；practical“真实的，实际的；切实可行的”。] 15．A．pretends B．manages C．longs D．ceases C　[结合空前的“her future plans”和空后的“carry on exploring the world of plants”可知，关于未来的计划，陈奇奇渴望(longs)继续探索植物世界。pretend“假装”；cease“终止，结束”。] Ⅲ．语法填空(共10个空，每空1．5分，共15分) (2025·浙江省新阵地教育联盟高三第一次联考)The Atbai Desert, a part of the Sahara Desert, is one of the 1 (dry) places on Earth, with a sandy and barren landscape that averages almost zero millimeters of rainfall each year．So, archaeologists were surprised when they discovered rock art showing boats and cattle in an area 2 is 60 miles away from the closest body of water． “It was surprising to find cattle 3 (carve) on desert rock walls as they require plenty of water and wide­open grassland, and would not survive in Sahara today，” said Julien Cooper, an archaeologist from Macquarie University．“The discovery of boat 4 (image) in the rock art this distant from lakes and rivers was also surprising．” Archaeologists believe the discovery provides clear evidence supporting the theory of 5 once “Green Sahara” around 3，000 B．C．E．During this period, the area was a grassy plain with lakes and rivers 6 (sustain) a variety of wildlife and human activities such as cattle herding．However, changes in African monsoon(季风)patterns transformed the Sahara 7 the barren desert we see today．8 (current), only hardy animals like camels and goats can survive there． The rock art's detailed carvings suggest that the creators spent plenty of time in the area further indicating that the region 9 (be) once supportive of human life．As the climate grew unforgiving many residents were forced to migrate closer to the Nile, contributing to the formation of early urban states and culture in Egypt and Nubia．The discovery offers valuable insight into the changes that 10 (occur) in the Sahara over the past thousands of years． [语篇解读]本文是说明文。本文主要介绍了在Atbai沙漠里发现的岩画上有船和牛的图像，这为研究撒哈拉沙漠千百年来的发展和演变提供了宝贵见解。 1．driest　[考查形容词最高级。此处考查固定表达“one of the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数”，意为“最……的……之一”，故填driest。句意：Atbai沙漠是撒哈拉沙漠的一部分，是地球上最干旱的地方之一，一派沙漠荒凉景象，平均年降雨量几乎为零毫米。] 2．that/which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句。先行词是表示物的名词area，从句中缺少主语，所以空处需要填that/which。句意：因此，当考古学家在距离最近水域60英里的地方发现有船只和牛的岩画时，他们感到惊讶。] 3．carved　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是was，空处在句中作非谓语，修饰空前的名词cattle，二者之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词形式carved。句意：麦考瑞大学的考古学家Julien Cooper说，“在沙漠岩壁上发现牛的雕刻(图像)令人惊讶，因为它们需要大量的水和广阔的草地，而它们在今天的撒哈拉是无法生存的”。] 4．images　[考查名词复数。根据第一段中的“discovered rock art showing boats and cattle”可知，岩画上有一些船的图像，空处没有冠词修饰，表示泛指，因此这里应该是复数概念，故填images。句意：在如此远离湖泊和河流的地方发现船只图像的岩画也同样令人惊讶。] 5．a　[考查冠词。空处修饰名词“Green Sahara”，表示泛指，且空后once的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。句意：考古学家认为，这一发现为公元前3 000年左右曾经有一个“绿色撒哈拉”的理论提供了明确的证据。] 6．sustaining　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处考查with的复合结构，sustain作宾语补足语，与宾语“lakes and rivers”之间形成了主动关系，故填sustaining。句意：这一时期，该地区曾是一片有湖泊和河流的草原，维系着各种野生动物和人类活动，如牧牛。] 7．into　[考查介词。根据空前的“transformed the Sahara”和空后的“the barren desert”可知，此处是说把撒哈拉转变成了现在我们看到的一片荒漠。transform．．．into．．．意为“将……转化为……”，故填into。句意：然而，非洲季风模式的变化使撒哈拉变成了我们今天所见的荒漠。] 8．Currently　[考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处考查副词修饰整个句子，空处位于句首，首字母大写，故填Currently。句意：目前，只有像骆驼和山羊这样的耐旱动物能够在那里生存。] 9．was　[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作宾语从句的谓语，根据从句中的once可知，此处描述过去的情况，时态用一般过去时，从句主语the region是第三人称单数，故填was。句意：岩画中细致的雕刻图案表明创作者在这一地区花费了大量时间，这进一步表明该地区曾经支持人类生活。] 10．have occurred　[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空前的that引导定语从句，修饰先行词changes，空处作定语从句的谓语动词。根据时间状语“over the past thousands of years”可知，从句时态用现在完成时。故填have occurred。句意：这一发现为过去数千年撒哈拉发生的变化提供了宝贵的见解。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $