主题素养练（6）Unit 2 Be Sporty,Be Healthy（Word练习）-【金版新学案】2026年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（译林版）

主题素养练（六） A卷 (时间：25分钟　满分：32.5分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题，每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·广东六校一联)You've most likely heard the news by now：A car­commuting，desk­bound，TV­watching lifestyle can be harmful to our health.All the time that we spend rooted in the chair is linked to increased risks of so many deadly diseases that experts have named this modern­day health epidemic the “sitting disease”． Sitting for too long slows down the body's metabolism (新陈代谢) and the way enzymes (酶) break down our fat reserves，raising both blood sugar levels and blood pressure.Small amounts of regular activity，even just standing and moving around，throughout the day is enough to bring the increased levels back down.And those small amounts of activity add up—30 minutes of light activity in two or three­minute bursts can be just as effective as a half­hour block of exercise.But without that activity，blood sugar levels and blood pressure keep creeping up，steadily damaging the inside of the arteries(动脉) and increasing the risk of diabetes，heart disease，a stroke，and other serious diseases.In essence，fundamental changes in biology occur if you sit for too long. But wait，you're a runner.You needn't worry about the harm of a sedentary lifestyle because you exercise regularly，right? Well，not so fast.Recent studies show that people spend an average of 64 hours a week sitting，whether or not they exercise 150 minutes a week as recommended by World Health Organization(WHO).Regular exercisers，furthermore, are found to be about 30 percent less active on the days when they exercise.Overall，most people simply aren't exercising or moving around enough to balance out all the harm that can result from sitting nine hours or more a day. Scared straight out of your chair? Good.The remedy is as simple as standing up and taking activity breaks. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。本文讲述了久坐对健康的威胁。文章指出久坐会减缓新陈代谢，影响脂肪分解，导致血糖和血压升高，增加患多种严重疾病的风险。文章还提到可以通过站立等轻松的活动来减轻久坐的危害。 1．Which is the best way to bring down high blood sugar levels and blood pressure? A．Doing exercise for 150 minutes or more every week. B．Getting rid of the habit of car commuting and TV watching. C．Standing or moving around for at least two minutes every day. D．Interrupting sitting time with light activity as often as possible. D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Small amounts of regular activity, even just standing and moving around...to bring the increased levels back down”和“30 minutes of light activity in two or three­minute bursts can be just as effective as a half­hour block of exercise”可知，通过日常的轻度活动(如站立和走动)就可以降低血糖和血压水平。每次两到三分钟，累计30分钟的轻度活动可以和一次半小时的锻炼一样有效。故选D。“Interrupting”是对文中的“30 minutes...in two or three­minute bursts”的同义转换。A项“每周做150分钟或更长时间的运动”；B项“改掉开车通勤和看电视的习惯”；C项“每天至少站立或活动两分钟”；D项“尽可能多地用轻度活动打断坐着的时间”。] 2．What does the word “sedentary”in the third paragraph most likely mean? A．Inactive. B．Risky. C．Overloaded. D．Unbalanced. A　[词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“But wait, you're a runner.You needn't worry about the harm of a sedentary lifestyle because you exercise regularly, right？”可知，此处sedentary lifestyle与跑步者的生活方式是相反的，故推测sedentary与inactive的意思相近，故选 A。sedentary“久坐不动的”。inactive“不活动的”；risky“有风险的，有危险的”；overloaded“负担过重的”；unbalanced“不平衡的”。] 3．Which of the following may be inferred about those who do serious exercise? A．They always meet the exercise standard recommended by WHO. B．They tend to stand or move less on the days when they work out. C．They usually remove all the harmful effects of sitting for too long. D．They generally spend less time sitting than those who do not exercise. B　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Regular exercisers，furthermore, are found to be about 30 percent less active on the days when they exercise”可知，定期锻炼的人在锻炼的日子里活动量会降低大约30%，所以可推断他们往往在锻炼的日子站立或者活动得更少，故选 B。“stand or move less”与文中的“about 30 percent less active”是同义表达。] 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The challenges of the modern lifestyle. B．The effects of regular activity on our body. C．The reasons for the spread of a modern epidemic. D．The threat to our health from long hours of sitting. D　[主旨大意题。文章主要讨论了久坐对健康的威胁，这种生活方式会减缓新陈代谢，影响脂肪分解，导致血糖和血压升高，增加患多种严重疾病的风险。因此，D项“久坐对我们健康的威胁”最能概括文章主旨。A项“现代生活方式的挑战”；B项“规律锻炼对我们身体的影响”；C项“一种现代流行病传播的原因”。] B (2025·河南郑州质量预测)The public footpath lay barely 20 meters from where I stood, promising a walk along the river, passing fields and through woodland, well away from any road.Yet there was something in my way—the River Thames, whose water runs very fast. I checked my map to see how to reach the path, but there was no other footpath that would lead me to the island on which it sat.It was only accessible by boat. It was this path that came to mind when, a few weeks later, I decided to try cross­country swimming, which combines water and walking. As I got into the river—its coolness was welcome on the warm August day—the weight of my supplies dissipated．My back was free, and I simply pulled everything I needed in a bag behind me, feeling almost weightless.I relaxed into the water, my hair flowing around my face as I slowly floated alongside dragonflies (蜻蜓), a moorhen (黑水鸡) and her chicks, none of which seemed to even acknowledge my presence. The whole experience went by all too quickly and in no time I was drying off and walking back to the station.Though cross­country swimming was invented to provide a challenge, I believed it had given me something much more important—the confidence to try it by myself. So I decided to return to my inaccessible island, the footpath by the Thames.I got into the waterway and swam, exploring the island's banks for a while.After 5 minutes of searching, the island let me in: I found my entrance point alongside a tree and pulled myself out. Though the Thames loop wasn't that long a walk, and the swim was not too big a challenge, it represented more than that.It gave me the chance to pioneer a new route never open to me before, the opportunity to reach a picnic spot that otherwise would have been off limits and, when it came to that footpath, the ability to access the previously inaccessible. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的一次越野游泳经历，这次经历带给了作者自信心，找到了个人的成就感。 5．What initially prevented the author from reaching the public footpath? A．Overgrown fields. B．A thick woodland. C．A fast­flowing river. D．A lack of road map. C　[细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Yet there was something in my way—the River Thames, whose water runs very fast.”可知，最初是湍急的河流阻碍了作者到达公共人行道。故选C。] 6．What does the underlined word “dissipated” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Spread. B．Remained. C．Disappeared. D．Increased. C　[词句猜测题。根据第四段第二句“My back was free, and I simply pulled everything I needed in a bag behind me, feeling almost weightless.”可知，此处是指补给的重量消失了，所以dissipated意为“消失”。故选C。] 7．Which word best describes the author's cross­country swimming experience? A．Thrilling. B．Encouraging. C．Embarrassing. D．Disappointing. B　[推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“Though cross­country swimming was invented to provide a challenge, I believed it had given me something much more important—the confidence to try it by myself.”可知，作者的越野游泳经历是很激励人心的。故选B。] 8．What does finding the footpath to the island mean to the author? A．An escape from the real world. B．A chance to get close to nature. C．A mental and physical pressure. D．A symbol of personal achievement. D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“It gave me the chance to pioneer a new route never open to me before, the opportunity to reach a picnic spot that otherwise would have been off limits and, when it came to that footpath, the ability to access the previously inaccessible.”可知，找到通往小岛的小径对作者来说意味着个人的成就。故选D。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·河南郑州质量预测)Several years ago, I experienced daily severe headaches that made me want to bang my head against a brick wall.I was desperate to find a cure.1( ) In my hopelessness, my father suggested acupuncture (针灸), a treatment he had experienced in Hong Kong.It had successfully relieved his lower back pain when other treatments and medicines had failed.With limited exposure to traditional Chinese medicine, I decided to give acupuncture a try. With no particular expectations, I found myself in the office of a middle­aged woman, surrounded by Chinese herbal medicines.After explaining my issue, she placed 3 fingers on my wrist to feel my heartbeat.2( ) Soon, she took out the needles, which made me somewhat uneasy as such objects typically make me uncomfortable. 3( ) To deal with my headaches, the treatment began on the back of my hand, far from my head.As the doctor gently handled the needles, I got the feeling that something was flowing throughout my entire body. The doctor then continued to tap and move more needles across my body.The electricity was turned on, and the doctor left the room.4( ) Around the 5­minute mark, the doctor returned and adjusted the electricity level.A moment later, before I knew it, she turned off the electricity and removed the needles, marking an end to the 20­minute process.She then gave me some herbal medicine to take for 5 days. I returned to the doctor for a total of 10 sessions, and each time the same routine was repeated and the same herbal medicine was given.The true benefits of the acupuncture treatment became clear: I remained free of headaches for 2 years.5( ) If you've experienced similar conditions, I highly recommend trying it. A．At last, my efforts paid off. B．I now strongly advocate acupuncture. C．I was then guided to a room and told to lie down. D．Despite trying different solutions, nothing worked. E．My initial experience with acupuncture was quite surprising. F.Though it may seem scary, the acupuncture cured my back pain. G．Lying still, I could sense the electricity flowing throughout my body. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者因长期遭受严重头痛困扰而尝试针灸治疗的经历。文中详细描述了从接受针灸建议、初次诊疗尝试、治疗中的感受，到最终症状缓解并推荐他人尝试的过程。 1．D　[由上文可知，这里在描述作者头痛的困境以及寻找治疗方法的急迫性。D选项“尽管尝试了不同的解决办法，但都没有奏效。”表明作者在尝试多种方法无果后的绝望状态。故选D。] 2．C　[由上文可知，接下来的逻辑应是叙述初次体验针灸的过程。根据下文可知，本空描写医生感受脉搏后和取针之间的事情，C选项“然后我被引导到一个房间并被告知躺下。”是对前文情境的延续。故选C。] 3．E　[由下文“To deal with my headaches, the treatment began on the back of my hand, far from my head.”可知，为了治疗头痛，我从远离头部的手背开始治疗，这让人很吃惊，E选项“我最初的针灸经验非常令人惊讶。”符合题意。故选E。] 4．G　[由上文“The electricity was turned on, and the doctor left the room.”和下文“Around the 5­minute mark, the doctor returned and adjusted the electricity level.”可知，此处应描述作者在接受电针灸治疗时的感受。G选项“静静地躺着，我能感觉到电流流遍全身。”符合语境，故选G。] 5．B　[由上文和下文“If you've experienced similar conditions, I highly recommend trying it.”可知，治疗的效果显著，作者两年来没有头痛，并推荐有类似情况的人尝试针灸。B选项“我现在强烈倡导针灸。”作为总结性语句，强调了针灸治疗的成功及其对作者的影响，适合放在最后作为对全文经历的总结，并引出对读者的建议。故选B。] B卷 (时间：30分钟　满分：40分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共4小题，每小题2.5分，共10分) (2025·湖南常德模拟)Researchers at MIT created a high­tech pill that starts to vibrate (震动) once it makes contact with liquid in the user's stomach and make him or her feel full.The pill was reportedly thought up by Shriya Srinivasan, currently an assistant professor of bioengineering at Harvard University. VIBES, short for Vibrating Ingestible BioElectronic Stimulator, was only recently made public in a study published in the Science Journal, but it is already being announced by the media as the future of weight loss.Although it has yet to be tested on humans, trials on pigs have achieved very hopeful results.After about 30 minutes of VIBES activity, pigs consumed on average almost 40 percent less food in the next half hour than they did without the smart pill.Apparently, the revolutionary device works by activating stretch receptors in the stomach, modeling the presence of food.This in turn signals the hypothalamus (下丘脑) to increase the levels of hormones that make us feel full.The vibrating stimulator, which is about the size of a vitamin pill, is powered by an encased battery and activated either by the gastric fluid (胃液) breaking down a coat around the pill, or by an incorporated timer.After producing the desired effect, the pill exits the body with other solid waste. The good news is that it is expected to have a cost in the cents to one dollar range, and researchers say that it may eventually be possible to implant the stimulator and thus remove the need for people to constantly swallow it. “Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of a low­cost, non­operative intervention to reduce food intake and calorie consumption.The device functions effectively in the stomach and leading to fullness，” said Giovanni Traverso, co­author of the study.“The device has the potential to revolutionize options for weight loss treatment.However, future studies will need to explore the physiological effects of the device before it's available for patients.” Researchers are now exploring ways to scale up the producing of VIBES capsules which could enable clinical trials in humans. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。麻省理工学院的研究人员发明了一种高科技药丸，一旦它与使用者胃里的液体接触，就会开始振动，让人有饱腹感。 1．What is the outcome of taking the pill? A．Liquid production. B．Food storage. C．Sensation of fullness. D．Recovery of users. C　[细节理解题。根据第一段“Researchers at MIT created a high­tech pill that starts to vibrate (震动) once it makes contact with liquid in the user's stomach and make him or her feel full.”可知，吃下药丸会有饱腹感。故选C项。] 2．Which aspect of the device is mentioned in Paragraph 2? A．Its working principle. B．Its intelligence. C．Its testing history. D．Its side effect. A　[推理判断题。根据第二段“Apparently, the revolutionary device works by...(显然，这种革命性的装置通过激活胃中的牵张受体来模拟食物的存在。这反过来又向下丘脑发出信号，使我们感到饱腹的激素水平升高。振动刺激器大约有维生素药丸大小，由封装的电池供电，通过胃液分解药丸周围的涂层或通过内置的计时器激活)”可知，第二段在说设备的工作原理。故选A项。] 3．What is the researchers' ultimate goal of the device? A．To produce gastric fluid with it. B．To destroy the coat around it. C．To fix it in human body. D．To remove solid waste from it. C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段“Researchers are now exploring ways to scale up the producing of VIBES capsules which could enable clinical trials in humans.”可知，设备的最终目标是植入人体内。故选C项。] 4．What is Giovanni Traverso's attitude towards the future of the device? A．Worried. B．Cautious. C．Doubtful. D．Confused. B　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“However, future studies will need to explore the physiological effects of the device before it's available for patients.”可推知，Giovanni Traverso对设备的前景持谨慎的态度。故选B项。] Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) (2025·广东莞佛大联考)I was thrilled to cover a new expedition to Qomolangma as a journalist.However, as I got off the vehicle at the base camp, I was immediately 1 by dizziness and shortness of breath— 2 of mountain sickness.Even the act of taking a few steps demanded an extraordinary amount of 3 ． At that moment, a question 4 within me: Why do people keep climbing Mount Qomolangma? When asked this question, British mountaineer George Mallory gave his famous 5 ： “Because it's there.” Mallory reminded me of countless climbers who have put their lives at risk to 6 the mountain's towering height with their own footsteps.They encounter an almost vertical (垂直的) wall close to the top.It is so difficult to find 7 points for climbing that the earliest climbers thought no one could 8 the wall. In 1960, Liu Lianman, a Chinese climber, let his teammates 9 on his shoulders to cross the wall.Already 10 ， he gathered all his strength to uplift his teammates.Though his 11 did not appear on the list of those who reached the top, Liu is undoubtedly a true 12 ． I recalled the interview with Dong Hongjuan, the first woman to conquer (征服) 14 mountains above 8，000 meters, who 13 understands how small humans are compared to 14 ．She told me: “I never felt I conquered those mountains; it's just that the mountains 15 me.” [语篇解读]本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者从自己报道一次新的珠峰探险高原反应的经历中引发了人们攀登珠穆朗玛峰的探究。 1．A.drawn B．found C．taught D．struck D　[根据上文“I was thrilled to cover a new expedition to Qomolangma as a journalist.”以及后文“by dizziness and shortness of breath”可知，作者立刻被头晕和呼吸急促侵袭——这是高原反应的征兆。故选D。] 2．A.signs B．types C．risks D．causes A　[根据上文“dizziness and shortness of breath”可知，这是作者出现高原反应的迹象。故选A。] 3．A.patience B．energy C．money D．practice B　[根据“mountain sickness”可知，高原反应时走路是需要耗费精力的。故选B。] 4．A.ended B．arose C．response D．lay B　[根据本句“Why do people keep climbing Mount Qomolangma？”可知，这个是作者的脑海中出现的问题。故选B。] 5．A.suggestion B．response C．conclusion D．guidance B　[根据上文“Why do people keep climbing Mount Qomolangma？”以及本句“Because it's there.”可知，这是对作者的问题的回应。故选B。] 6．A.adjust B．cover C．confirm D．measure D　[根据本句“the mountain's towering height with their own footsteps”可知，无数的登山者用自己的脚步测量这座山的高度。故选D。] 7．A.check B．view C．support D．rest C　[根据上句“They encounter an almost vertical (垂直的) wall close to the top.”可知，他们遇到了一堵几乎垂直的墙，要找到攀岩的支撑点是非常困难的。故选C。] 8．A.get past B．come back C．take back D．go through A　[根据上句“It is so difficult to find points for climbing that the earliest climbers”可知，因为要找到攀岩的支撑点是如此困难，所以最早的登山者认为没有人能翻过这堵墙。get past“通过，经过”；come back“回来，恢复”；take back“退回，归还”；go through“经历，经受”。故选A。] 9．A.step B．fight C．cry D．work A　[根据本句“on his shoulders”可知，刘连满让他的队友踩在他的肩膀上翻过墙。故选A。] 10．A.disappointed B．terrified C．annoyed D．exhausted D　[根据本句“he gathered all his strength to uplift his teammates”可知，他用尽所有的力量去支撑他的队友，可推知，他已经筋疲力尽。故选D。] 11．A.story B．act C．name D．failure C　[根据本句“on the list of those who reached the top”可知，刘连满的名字没有出现在登顶者的名单上。故选C。] 12．A.champion B．hero C．talent D．friend B　[他还是用尽了所有的力量去支撑他的队友，在人们的心中他是真正的英雄。故选B。] 13．A.hardly B．truly C．firstly D．slightly B　[她认为自己可以登顶不是自己征服了那些山，而是她真正理解了人类与自然相比是多么渺小。故选B。] 14．A.nature B．life C．time D．success A　[根据本句“how small humans are”以及“the first woman to conquer (征服) 14 mountains above 8，000 meters”可知，人类与自然相比是非常渺小的，此处“高山”指代“自然”。故选A。] 15．A.protected B．discovered C．admired D．accepted D　[人类与自然相比是非常渺小的，她没有征服那些山，而是大山接受了她。故选D。] Ⅲ.语法填空(共10个空，每空1.5分，共15分) (2025·广东六校二联)Arcing across the borders of northern China and southern Mongolia, the remote and rugged landscapes of the Gobi Desert 1 (capture) the imagination of adventurers, explorers, scientists, and artists since the age of Marco Polo. Occupying roughly 1, 300, 000 square kilometers of Inner Asia, the desert takes 2 as much as one­third of the total territory of Mongolia.The Gobi, 3 (refer) to a “waterless place” in the Mongolian language, is a rain shadow desert formed on the far side of the Himalayan Mountain Range, which blocks moisture and creates the Gobi's characteristically dry, semi­arid climate, with 4 average rainfall of 195 mm annually.It is extreme climate that has influenced the 5 (vary) of soil composition and color found in the Gobi Desert. Vegetation (植被), 6 thinly distributed, is diverse and includes rare and native species, many of which have adapted over millennia to 7 (condition) of drought and water scarcity.8 (geological), the Gobi preserves a rich and varied paleo­environment and 9 (consider) a hot spot for fossil discoveries.More than 80 species, or one­fifth of the over 400 10 (know) dinosaur species are found in Mongolia's Gobi Desert. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。本文介绍了地理景观戈壁沙漠，就其地质特点及成因进行了简要分析。 1．have captured　[考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句中时间状语“since the age of Marco Polo”可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语landscapes是复数，且与capture之间是主动关系。故填have captured。句意：戈壁沙漠横跨中国北部和蒙古国南部的边界，自马可波罗时期以来，这片遥远且崎岖的风景就引起了冒险家、探险家、科学家和艺术家的想象。] 2．up　[考查介词。此处表示戈壁沙漠占蒙古国总领土的三分之一，take up“占据(一定时间或空间)”，故填up。] 3．referring　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，主句的谓语动词是is，空处在此作非谓语。refer与其逻辑主语The Gobi之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填referring。] 4．an　[考查冠词。名词rainfall“降雨量”前有形容词average修饰，此处意为“平均降雨量”，表泛指，且average的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。句意：戈壁，在蒙古语中是“无水之地”的意思，是喜马拉雅山脉远端形成的雨影沙漠，它阻挡了水分，形成了戈壁典型的干燥的半干旱气候，年平均降雨量为195毫米。] 5．variety　[考查名词。空前是冠词the，空后是介词of，空处应用名词，故填variety。句意：正是极端气候影响了戈壁沙漠土壤构成和颜色的种类。] 6．though/although/while　[考查让步状语从句。句子主句是Vegetation is diverse and includes rare and native species，故空处应引导从句。“thinly distributed”与“diverse”是两种不同的情况，结合语境可知，空处应用though/although/while引导让步状语从句，从句省略了主语vegetation和be动词is。句意：植被虽然分布稀疏，但种类繁多，包括稀有和本地物种，其中许多物种已经适应了几千年来的干旱和缺水的情况。] 7．conditions　[考查名词复数。空后是“干旱”和“缺水”两种情况作后置定语，故填conditions，表示“(影响某事发生的)物质环境，状态，条件”。] 8．Geologically　[考查副词。空处修饰整句话，应用副词，且空处位于句首，故填Geologically。] 9．is considered　[考查动词的时态、语态与主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处and连接两个并列谓语，空处在句中作谓语，与preserves并列。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语the Gobi是第三人称单数，且与consider之间是被动关系。故填is considered。句意：在地质上，戈壁保存了丰富多样的古环境，被认为是化石发现的热点地区。] 10．known　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语are found，故空处应作非谓语，know与dinosaur species之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作前置定语，故填known。此处known可以看作是过去分词化的形容词，表示“已知的，已发现的”。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $