必修3 Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World（教师用书Word）-【金版新学案】2026年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（译林版）

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考英语核心考点，整合词汇（阅读、多义、核心、拓展单词）、短语、句式及语篇模块，以“科学精神”为主题构建知识网络。通过考点梳理（如词汇多维背诵）、方法指导（用法归纳、词根推测词义）、真题训练（单句语法填空、应用文写作）等环节，帮助学生系统突破语言难点，体现复习的针对性与逻辑性。 资料创新采用“遮挡背诵”“词根推测”等策略，如通过“charge”一词多义辨析训练思维品质，结合科学节报道写作提升语言能力。设置分层练习（基础巩固、能力提升）与即时反馈，保障复习效率，助力学生强化高频考点，也为教师精准把控复习节奏提供实用指导。

任务(一)　词汇、句式、语篇背诵 单词多维背诵 阅读单词 1．malaria n．疟疾 2．extract n．提取物；选录 vt．提取；选录；取出；设法得到 3．mould(AmE mold) n．霉菌；模具；类型 vt．浇铸；塑造 4．bacteria n．(sing．bacterium)细菌 5．lightning n．闪电[联想：thunderstorm and lightning电闪雷鸣] 6．ribbon n．带子，丝带；带状物 7．atomic adj．原子能的；原子的 8．intellectual adj．脑力的；有才智的，智力发达的 n．知识分子，脑力劳动者 9．mystery n．神秘，神秘的人(或事物)；悬疑作品 10．evolution n．进化；演变，发展 11．metal n．金属 12．trial n．试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验 vi．& vt．测试，试验[联想：trial and error反复试验] 13．error n．错误，差错 14．sufficient adj．足够的，充足的 15．data n．数据，资料，材料 16．bomb n．炸弹；核武器 vt．轰炸 17．authority n．权威，权力；官方[联想：author n．作家] 多义单词 [熟词生义] 1．apply [熟义]vt．& vi．应用；申请→[生义]vt．涂；涂抹 2．favour [熟义]n．帮助；恩惠；赞同，支持→[生义]vt．偏爱，喜欢 3．moral [熟义]adj．道德的；道义上的；品行端正的 n．品行，道德→[生义]n．寓意，教益 4．household [熟义]adj．家庭的，家用的，家务的→[生义]n．一家人，家庭 [一词多义] 5．charge ①vt．充电 ②vt．& vi．收费 ③vt．控告 ④vt．谴责；使……承担责任 ⑤vt．使充满 ⑥n．收费 ⑦n．控告 ⑧n．谴责 ⑨n．掌管 6．evil ①n．罪恶，罪行 ②n．害处，坏处 ③adj．恶毒的 ④adj．有害的 ⑤adj．恶魔的 7．credit ①n．赞扬，认可 ②n．信用 ③n．学分 ④vt．存入金额 ⑤vt．把……归于 ⑥vt．相信，信任 核心单词 [围绕话题——科学精神] 1．deadly consequences 致命后果 2．postpone experiments 推迟实验 3．conduct an experiment 进行实验 4．apply theory to practice将理论应用于实践 5．be involved in the activity 参与到这项活动中 6．declare findings 宣布研究结果 7．publish results 公布结果 拓展单词 1．survive vi．&vt．　　 活下来；幸存；幸免于；从……中逃生；比……活得长 survival n． 生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物 survivor n． 幸存者 2．broad adj． 广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；概括的；开阔的 broadly adv． 广泛地 broaden vt． 变宽，扩大……的范围 3．intend vi．& vt． 想要，计划；意指 intention n．　　目的；意图；打算 4．limit n．& vt． 限制 limited adj． 有限的 limitation n． 限制；局限；极限 5．contain vt． 包含 container n． 容器；集装箱，货柜 6．wise adj． 明智的；聪明的；博学的 wisely adv． 明智地；聪明地；精明地 wisdom n． 智慧，知识，学问；才智；明智 7．benefit n．　 　　　益处 vt． 对……有益处 vi． 得益于 beneficial adj． 有益的，有用的 8．illustrate vt． 说明，解释；加插图于 illustration n． 图解，图示 9．surround vt． 围绕，环绕；包围；与……紧密相关 surrounding adj． 周围的 surroundings n． 周围的环境 10．indicate vt． 表明；暗示；提及；指出 indication n． 表明；暗示 11．accident n． 意外，偶然的事；事故，意外遭遇 accidental adj． 意外的；偶然的 accidentally adj． 意外地；偶然地 12．intelligent adj． 有才智的，聪明的；有智力的 intelligence n． 才智 13．favour vt． 较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n． 帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒 favourable adj． 赞同的；支持的；有利的 favourite adj． 最喜爱的 n． 特别喜爱(欢)的东西 14．politics n． 政治(学) political adj． 政治的 politician n． 政治家，从政者；投机钻营者 15．science n．　 　　科学 scientist n． 科学家 scientific adj． 科学的，关于科学的；细致严谨的 16．moral adj． 道德的；道义上的；品行端正的 n． 品行，道德；寓意 immoral adj． 不道德的 17．apply vt．& vi． 应用；申请；涂；有关 applicant n． 申请人 application n． 申请；申请书；适用 18．ignore vt． 忽视；不理睬 ignorant adj． 不了解的，无知的；无礼的 ignorance n． 无知 19．free adj． 自由的；免费的 freely adv． 自由地 freedom n． 自由 20．permit vt．& vi． 允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n． 许可证 permission n． 允许，许可 21．responsible adj． 负责的 responsibility n． 责任，负责；职责，义务 22．nation n． 国家；民族 national adj． 国家的；全国的；民族的 nationality n． 国籍；民族 23．marry vt．& vi． 结婚 marriage n． 结婚，婚姻；已婚状态 短语巧学助记 1．refer to 查阅，参考；提到，谈及[对比：refer．．．to．．．把……提交给……] 2．speed up (使)加速 3．pay off 成功，奏效，达到目的[对比：pay sth off 付清，偿清；pay sb off付清工资后解雇；遣散] 4．by accident 偶然，意外地[反义：on purpose 故意；有意地] 5．let sb down 使某人失望 6．as to 关于，至于[同义：in/with regard to；as regards] 7．take it for granted 想当然地认为，认为……是理所当然 8．put forward 提议，建议，提出[近义：come up with] 9．make a difference 有影响，起作用 10．thanks to 幸亏；由于[同义：owing to；due to；as a result/consequence of] 11．far from the truth 根本不是事实 12．work out 计算出；理解[对比：workout n．锻炼] 句式遮挡背诵 1．Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People's Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize，awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria，one of the deadliest diseases in human history．(动词不定式作后置定语) 2．Inspired by an over 1，600­year­old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water，Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part．(过去分词短语作状语) 3．However，it was not until the 1970s that Tu succeeded in discovering qinghaosu，after many failed experiments．(It was not until．．．that．．．强调句型) 4．Without her broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine，Tu might never have discovered qinghaosu．(含蓄虚拟条件句) 5．Now，we scientists take it for granted that it is perfectly possible to live and not know．(it作形式宾语) [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1．屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国首位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。她获奖是因为她为抗击疟疾所做出的贡献——疟疾是人类历史上最致命的疾病之一。 2．在一本1 600多年前的典籍中，关于用冷水制备青蒿提取物的记载给了屠呦呦启发，她重新设计了试验，并尝试在低温下对这种草药进行提取，以不损害其有效成分。 3．然而，直到20世纪70年代，屠呦呦才在多次试验失败之后发现了青蒿素。 4．如果没有丰富的中西医知识，屠呦呦可能永远也不会发现青蒿素。 5．如今，我们科学家理所当然地认为，生而有所不知是完全有可能的。 语篇词汇串记 　　Once upon a time，there was a man who was admired by many people for his great scientific achievements．Since he was young，he had been interested in traditional Chinese medicine，intending to be a famous doctor．But because of poverty，he dropped out of school．He didn't give up though．He continued to learn by himself． Once some people in his village developed a deadly disease．To cure them，he referred to many books and eventually used some herbs to save them．Their survival encouraged him so greatly that he began to do more scientific experiments，exploring a broader world．At that time equipment was limited and he couldn't get sufficient data，but he overcame these difficulties．A few years later，his efforts paid off！He edited a nicely illustrated book and had it published．He also gave lectures in different provinces，encouraging others to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine，which can be beneficial to global health care． [遮住左栏，忆加黑词汇] 从前，有一个人因其伟大的科学成就而受到很多人的钦佩。他从小就对中医感兴趣，想成为一名著名的医生。但由于贫穷，他辍学了。但他并没有放弃。他继续自学。 曾经，他村里的一些人患上了一种致命的疾病。为了治愈他们，他查阅了许多书，最终用一些草药挽回了他们的生命。他们的幸存极大地鼓励了他，以至于他开始做更多的科学实验，探索一个更广阔的世界。当时的设备有限，他无法获得充足的数据，但他克服了这些困难。几年后，他的努力得到了回报！他编辑了一本插图精美的书，并将其出版了。他还在不同省份举办讲座，鼓励其他人进一步探索中医药宝库，这有利于全球医疗保健事业。 Part 1　核心词句——学表达 intend vi．& vt．打算；计划；想要→intended adj．打算的；计划的→intention n．打算；目的；意图 【语境运用】　单句填空/完成句子 ①(2023·全国甲卷)Behind the simple style，however，is a serious message intended (intend) for everyone． ②(2024·浙江1月卷)该活动旨在促进团队合作，提高我们的整体健康和健身水平。 The event is intended to promote teamwork and improve our overall health and fitness levels． ③这个中国夏令营是为国际学生准备的，今年暑假将在我们学校举行。 The Chinese Summer Camp, which is intended for international students, is going to be held in our school this summer vacation． ④(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)我打算表达我的感激之情，并分享他的善良对我产生了多大的影响。 I intended to express my gratitude and share how much his kindness had impacted me． 【用法归纳】 ◎intend doing/to do sth打算做某事 ◎intend sb to do sth打算让某人做某事 ◎had intended to do sth/intended to have done sth本来打算做某事 ◎be intended to do sth/for sth为……打算(或设计)的 ◎with an/the intention of抱有……的目的 【写作语料】 ◎be intended for the Chinese learners针对汉语学习者而设计的 ◎with the intention of improving your oral English为了提高你的英语口语水平 surround vt．围绕；包围→surrounding adj．周围的；附近的→surroundings n．周围的事物；环境 【语境运用】　单句填空/完成句子 ①I felt more creative and relaxed in the natural surroundings (surround) compared to the usual classroom environment． ②(2023·浙江1月卷)In the Ming Dynasty，the center was the Forbidden City，surrounded (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City． ③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)我们被大自然的声音包围，这使得美术课更加愉快。 We were surrounded by the sounds of nature, which made the art class even more enjoyable． 【用法归纳】 ◎surround．．．with．．．用……包围/围绕…… ◎be surrounded by/with．．．被……包围 【写作语料】 ◎be surrounded by beautiful scenery 被美丽的风景围绕 ◎peaceful surrounding area 很宁静的周围区域 ◎Natural surroundings inspire creativity．自然环境激发创意。 favour vt．较喜欢；选择；有利于n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→favourable adj．赞成的；有利的→favourite adj．最喜爱的n．最喜爱的人或物 【语境运用】　单句填空/词汇升级/完成句子 ①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)His actions leaving a favourable (favour)impression on me, I knew that I would never forget this experience． ②I was wondering if you could help me by guiding us to revise a short play．[应用文写作之求助信] →I was wondering if you could do me a favour by guiding us to revise a short play． ③当听到大多数人不赞成他的意见时，他勃然大怒。[读后续写之情绪描写] He boiled with anger when hearing that most of them weren't in favour of his opinion． ④我写这封信是希望您能够在即将到来的面试中帮助我。[应用文写作之求助信] I'm writing this letter，hoping that you can do me a favour/do a favour for me with my coming interview． 【用法归纳】 ◎ask sb a favour＝ask a favour of sb 请某人帮忙 ◎do sb a favour＝give sb a hand 帮某人一个忙 ◎in favour of 同意；支持；赞成 ◎in one's favour 有利于某人；对……有利 【写作语料】 ◎win/gain/earn favour 赢得好感 ◎create a favourable learning environment 创造一个良好的学习环境 ◎view/look upon something with favour 赞许地看待某事 charge vt．& vi．充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满 n．收费；控告；谴责；掌管 【语境运用】　完成句子/语段填空 ①(2021·全国甲卷)我将负责一个主题班会，旨在向外国人介绍中国传统文化。 I will be in charge of/take charge of a theme class meeting designed to introduce traditional Chinese cultures to foreigners． ②汤姆负责组织学校博览会。他决定自己负责售票工作。这次活动对学生们是免费的，但他们向家长收取入场费。一切都很顺利，直到他被指控盗窃。经过调查，发现钱放错了地方，并没有被偷。 Tom was in charge of organizing the school fair．He decided to take charge of the ticket sales himself．The event was free of charge for students, but they charged parents for entry．Everything was going smoothly until someone charged him with theft．After an investigation, it was found that the money was misplaced, not stolen． 【用法归纳】 ◎charge sb with (doing) sth＝accuse sb of (doing) sth指控某人犯……罪 ◎charge sb for sth因某事/某物向某人收费 ◎free of charge＝for free免费 ◎take charge of掌管(表动作) ◎in charge of掌管(表状态) ◎in the charge of被……掌管；由……负责 【语用点拨】 in charge of 多以人作主语，指“某人负责/主管某事”；in the charge of 多以物作主语，指“某物由某人掌管”。类似的短语还有：in possession of，in the possession of；in control of，in the control of。 involve vt．包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加→involved adj．参与的；卷入的→involvement n．参与；卷入；牵连 【语境运用】　完成句子 ①(2023·天津6月卷)我非常高兴能参加即将举办的旨在促进中英文化交流的中文研讨会。 I am more than delighted to get involved in/involve myself in the upcoming Chinese Workshop，which is aimed at promoting cultural exchange between China and the UK． ②我参加了一个工作涉及照顾老人的活动。[应用文写作之告知信] I participated in the activity where my work involved caring for the elderly． ③每个对它感兴趣的人都可以报名参加，我们期待着您的积极参与。[应用文写作之通知] Everyone who is interested can sign up for it and we are looking forward to your active involvement． 【用法归纳】 ◎involve sb in (doing) sth使某人卷入(做)某事 ◎involve doing．．．包括/需要做…… ◎be/get involved in参与；卷入；专注于…… 【写作语料】 ◎get actively involved in the cross­country running race积极参加越野赛跑 ◎encourage community involvement 鼓励社区参与 permit vt．& vi．(permitted，permitted，permitting)允许；准许；使有可能→permission n．准许；许可；批准；许可证；通行证 【语境运用】　单句填空/一句多译 ①Before the emergency can be controlled, no one will be permitted to leave (leave) the community without permission (permit)． ②如果时间允许，最好是回答学生们提出的一些相关问题。 →Time permitting, it would be better to answer some relevant questions raised by the students．(独立主格) →If time permits, it would be better to answer some relevant questions raised by the students．(条件状语从句) 【用法归纳】 ◎permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 ◎permit (doing) sth允许(做)某事 ◎with/without one's permission 经/未经某人允许 ◎ask for/request permission 请求许可 【写作语料】 ◎give/refuse sb permission to do sth 准许/拒绝某人做某事 ◎permit her to attend the summer camp允许她参加夏令营 ◎weather permitting天气允许的话 declare vt．表明；宣称；公布→declaration n．公告；宣言 【语境运用】　单句填空/完成句子/翻译句子 ①The politician declared strongly against the policy put forward at the conference，which made the others present unhappy． ②在经过全面检查之后，让我们非常高兴的是，我们被宣布为获胜者。 After all our things were checked, to our great joy, we were declared (to be) the winners． ③据宣布，新的交通法将于下个月开始生效。[应用文写作之通知] It is declared that the new traffic law will come into effect next month． 【用法归纳】 ◎declare．．．to be/as．．．宣布……为…… ◎declare war on/against．．．向……宣战 ◎declare for/against表示赞成/反对 ◎It is declared that．．．据宣布…… 【写作语料】 ◎declare for garbage sorting赞成垃圾分类 ◎declare independence 宣布独立 ◎declare a meeting open 宣布会议开始 put forward 提议，提出，建议；推荐；将……提前；拨快(钟表) 【语境运用】　用put短语的适当形式填空 ①It is wise to put away/aside some money for retirement． ②A week before Earth Day，posters were put up around our school，calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth． ③We will put off the picnic until next week，when the weather may be better． ④I can't make sense of the theory put forward by a famous scholar．Do me a favour to explain it，please． ⑤As long as we put aside our cellphones and get down to spending time with our family，we will never let our family down． ⑥Friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and to tolerate differences of opinions． 【用法归纳】 ◎put aside 把……放到一边；储存 ◎put off推迟；延期 ◎put up with忍受；容忍 ◎put away 把……收拾好；整理；储蓄 ◎put on穿上；上演；增加 ◎put up搭建；张贴；举起；为……提供住宿 ◎put down 放下；写下；镇压 【写作语料】 ◎put up with minor inconvenience忍受些小的不便 ◎put forward a suggestion提个建议 句式：强调句型 【教材原句】　However，it was not until the 1970s that Tu succeeded in discovering qinghaosu，after many failed experiments．然而，直到20世纪70年代，屠呦呦经过多次失败的实验，才成功地发现了青蒿素。 ◎强调句型的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who．．． ◎强调句型的一般疑问句： Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who．．． ◎强调句型的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that．．． ◎not until 的强调句型：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that．．． 【佳句背诵】　 ①Was it because you participated in the campaign that you realized the importance of environmental protection？[应用文写作之环境保护] 是因为你参与了这次活动你才意识到环保的重要性吗？ ②(2021·全国乙卷)It is for this reason that we should make strict demands on ourselves while learning online． 正是因为这个原因，我们应该在在线学习时严格要求自己。 ③There are always some ups and downs in our lives，but it is the suffering that makes us stronger．[读后续写之主旨升华] 生活中总有一些起起伏伏，但是正是苦难让我们更加坚强。 【仿写借鉴】 ①I didn't realize a small act of care can melt people's loneliness until I experienced the event．[读后续写之主旨升华] →Not until I experienced the event did I realize a small act of care can melt people's loneliness．(倒装) →It was not until I experienced the event that I realized a small act of care can melt people's loneliness．(强调句型) ②正是在我的同学的帮助下，我最终克服了害羞，增强了自信。 It was with the help of my classmates that I eventually overcame my shyness and built up confidence． Part 2　阅读词汇——善辨义 1．credit A．n．赞扬，认可　B．vt．相信，信任　C．n．信用(额度)　D．n．学分 ①Giving public credit to someone who has earned it is the best leadership technique in the world． A ②When you have obtained at least 40 credits，you may qualify for the job． D ③It was hard to credit some of the stories we heard about her． B ④What's the credit limit on your credit card？ C 2．pay off A.还清(债务) B.取得成功，获得好的结果 C.解雇，遣散 ①He studied hard before the examination，and it paid off．He made an A． B ②Over 1，000 workers will be paid off if this factory closes． C ③We paid off our mortgage after years of hard work． A 3．refer to A.查阅，参 B.谈到，提及 C.指的是 ①I knew the lady was referring to Bill when she spoke of a bright young man． C ②Why not refer to a dictionary to check the spelling of the word？ A ③The scientist referred to global warming at least three times in his speech． B 4．猜测句中加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Instead，he applied some medicine to Jeff's hand，and then set out to help them clean up the mess．vt．涂；涂抹 ②There are traditional proverbs which express a moral or a piece of advice．n．寓意，教益 ③At home，my dad said，“A job's a big step to growing up．I'm glad you will be contributing to the household．” n．一家人；家庭 巧借词根tract推测词义 词根tract：意思是“拉、拖、引”。 本单元：ex (向外)＋tract(拉，拖)→extract vt．提取；抽出 1．(2023·全国甲卷)If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites，grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble． [词义]attract(吸引)＋ant(名词后缀，表示人或者物)→attractant n．(对动物等的)诱食剂，引诱剂 2．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)That is partly because people are driving more，but Mark Rosekind，the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration，said distracted driving was “only increasing，unfortunately”． [词义]dis(否定前缀)＋tract(引)→distract vt．分散(注意力)；使分心 3．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The French take their 35­hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call． [词义]contract(合同)＋or(名词后缀，表示人或者物)→contractor n．订约人；承包商 4．(2020·浙江7月卷)I've been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years．I use a small tractor to get about．My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger seat． [词义]tract(拖)＋or(名词后缀，表示人或者物)→tractor n．拖拉机 5．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s? A．Academic．　　　　B．Unattractive． C．Inexpensive． D．Confidential． [词义]un (否定前缀)＋attract(吸引)＋ive (形容词后缀)→unattractive adj．不吸引人的 6．After realizing the mistake, she chose to retract her previous statement to avoid confusion． [词义]re(再，回)＋tract (拉)→retract vt．撤回；收回 单句语法填空 1．Helen is so busy with her work that she takes her neglect of her family for granted． 2．Somehow，our teacher declared Tom，a naughty boy to be (be) our monitor． 3．I would appreciate it if you could speed up so that I should reach the airport in time． 4．I'm in favour of your opinion that we should donate the food and tents to the people in disaster areas without delay． 5．The professor wants to find an assistant who is worth depending on and won't let him down． 6．To create cleaner surroundings (surround)，everyone should cut back on the carbon footprint． 7．Time permitting (permit), we will set off for the warehouse for some bargains． 8．It is said that the seats in front are intended for honored guests． 9．If you want to know more with reference to the arrangements of the meeting，call me please． 10．To her credit，her father quit smoking at her request． (一)应用文写作[科学精神] 假定你是李华，近日你校举办了以“科学之美(The Beauty of Science)”为主题的首届校园科学节。请你给校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1．举办时间；2．活动内容；3．师生反响。 用本单元知识和右栏词块翻译句子 1．为了提高学生的科学意识，以“科学之美”为主题的科学节于上周在我校举行。 Intended to raise students' awareness of science，the science festival with the theme of “The Beauty of Science” was launched/held in our school last week． 2．一位专家被邀请教我们如何制作机器人，之后学生们参与了丰富多彩的活动，比如编程机器人和设计机器人。(“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句) An expert was invited to teach us how to make robots，after which the students involved themselves in the colourful activities，such as programming robots and designing robots． 3．关于其他活动，在不同的时间安排了有关先进技术的科学知识测验和讲座。 As to other activities，scientific knowledge quizzes and lectures about advanced technologies were arranged at different time． 4．在这个节日上，我们还在现场欣赏了各种各样的装置，这些装置对我们的日常生活有很大的好处。(非限制性定语从句) At this festival，we also appreciated various devices on the spot，which are of great benefit to our daily life． 5．最令人印象深刻的是这个节日让我们学生意识到追求科学是没有极限的。(what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句，there is no limit to．．．) What was most impressive was that the festival made us students realize there is no limit to pursuing science． 6．这个节日不仅激励我们投身于科学，也提高了我们的创新意识。(部分倒装) Not only did the festival motivate us to apply ourselves to science but it also raised our awareness of innovation．,[构建话题语义场] 1．科学家及科学精神 ①be best known for以……出名 ②be determined to find out决心要发现 ③through his tireless efforts通过他的不懈努力 ④her outstanding contribution 她的杰出贡献 ⑤devote all his life to the cause 把他的一生都奉献给这项事业 2．科技发明及影响 ⑥scientific invention科学发明 ⑦technological breakthrough技术突破 ⑧raise students' awareness of science提高学生的科学意识 ⑨lectures about advanced technologies有关先进技术的讲座 beyond one's expectations超出预期 ⑪a significant leap重大飞跃 ⑫mark a turning point in标志着……的转折点 ⑬have a far­reaching impact on．．．对……产生深远的影响 ⑭pave the way for the future development为未来的发展铺平道路 ⑮lay a solid foundation for．．．为……打下良好的基础 ⑯make people's life easier使人们生活更方便 ⑰be of great benefit to our daily life对我们的日常生活有很大的好处 ⑱pursue science追求科学 ⑲motivate us to apply ourselves to science激励我们投身于科学 ⑳raise our awareness of innovation提高我们的创新意识(二)读后续写[科学＋情感细节描写之失望与遗憾] Ⅰ．教材语料积累 词汇 [动作描写]　surround vt．围绕，环绕；包围；与……紧密相关　let sb down使某人失望　permit vt．& vi．允许，准许，许可；使有可能　put forward提出，提议，建议 [环境描写]　lightning n．闪电　thunderstorm n．雷雨，雷暴　bang n．突然的巨响；猛敲，猛击 佳句 1．Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People's Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize，awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria，one of the deadliest diseases in human history．(人物描写) 2．They worked day and night and their health began to suffer because of the poor conditions，but they never gave up．(人物描写) 3．When we look at any question deeply enough，we feel the excitement and mystery coming to us again and again．(情感描写) 4．It is our responsibility as scientists，knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought，to declare the value of this freedom; to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed; and to demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations．(排比句式，主旨升华) Ⅱ．拓展语料背诵 单词 1．disappoint v．使失望→disappointing adj．令人失望的→disappointed adj．失望的→disappointment n．失望；扫兴；令人失望的人/事 2．regret v．后悔，对……感到遗憾/抱歉 n．遗憾，失望→regretful adj．后悔的；失望的 3．sorry adj．遗憾的 词块 1．feel extremely disappointed感到失望极了 2．weep bitter tears of disappointment失望地痛哭流涕 3．hide one's disappointment掩饰某人的失望 4．a look of disappointment/loneliness flashed across/spread over one's face某人脸上露出失望/孤独的表情 5．be overcome/consumed with disappointment＝be overwhelmed by disappointment非常失望 6．to one's disappointment令某人失望的是 7．a ripple of regret welled up inside sb某人心中泛起了一阵遗憾的涟漪 8．tears of regret run/stream down one's cheeks后悔的眼泪顺着某人的脸颊流下来 句型 1．Overcome with bitter disappointment at his failing to win a prize，he locked himself up in his room．他对未能获奖感到极度失望，于是把自己锁在房间里。(分词作状语) 2．His heart sank when he heard the news that he failed to win a prize． 当得知没有获奖时，他的心一沉。 3．The news that he didn't win a prize immediately threw him into low spirits． 他没有获奖的消息立刻使他精神不振。 4．Seeing the disappointing result，he was extremely disappointed，tears of regret running/streaming down his cheeks．看到不尽人意的结果后，他非常失望，遗憾的眼泪顺着脸颊流下来。(独立主格结构) 5．It was at that moment that a ripple of regret welled up inside me．How I wished I hadn't said those words！就在那时，我的心中泛起了一阵遗憾的涟漪。我真希望我没有说那些话！(强调句式，无灵主语句) Ⅲ．语料综合运用 　　伊迪丝热衷于科学和发明。当她听说有一个关于发明和创新的比赛时，她毫不犹豫地报名参加了。伊迪丝不遗余力地为此做准备，她相信每个人都会对她的发明感到惊讶。然而，在比赛中，当伊迪丝慢慢地打开机器时，它并没有像预期的那样运行。由于没能成功发明这台机器，她感到极度失望。当她环顾四周时，她发现一些评委的脸上掠过失望的表情。她低下头，沮丧极了，心中泛起一阵遗憾的涟漪。她正要离开时，一位评委走过来，用温柔的声音安慰她：“亲爱的，别灰心。失败是成功之母。记住，成功属于那些永不放弃的人。” 　　Edith is keen on science and invention．When she heard there was going to be a competition about invention and innovation，she ①signed up for it without hesitation．Edith spared no effort to prepare for it and she was sure ②everyone would be amazed at her invention．However，during the competition，when Edith slowly turned on the machine，it didn't work as expected．③She was overcome with bitter disappointment at her failing to invent the machine．When she looked around，④she found a look of disappointment flashing across/spreading over some of the judges' faces (动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语)．Lowering her head，she was extremely frustrated，⑤a ripple of regret welling up inside her (独立主格)．She was about to leave when a judge approached her and ⑥comforted her in a gentle voice，“Don't lose heart，honey．Failure is the mother of success．Bear in mind that ⑦success belongs to those who never give up (定语从句)．” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $