必修3 Unit 1 Nature in the Balance（教师用书Word）-【金版新学案】2026年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（译林版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦“人与自然”主题，整合词汇（多义、拓展词）、句式（倍数表达、定语从句）、写作（应用文、读后续写）等核心考点，按“词-句-篇”逻辑递进。通过考点梳理（核心词用法归纳）、方法指导（构词法、熟词生义辨析）、真题训练（2023-2024年高考例句）及分层练习（单句语法填空、写作翻译），帮助学生系统突破难点，体现复习针对性。 讲义以“词-句-篇”一体化语境化复习为特色，采用遮挡背诵、忆词汇等互动设计，结合真题例句强化语言能力。如多义单词track通过不同语境选项训练词义猜测，提升思维品质；应用文写作融入单元词汇翻译句子，直接对接高考要求，助力学生高效提升应考能力，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰框架。

任务(一)　词汇、句式、语篇背诵 单词多维背诵 阅读单词 1．ecosystem n．生态系统[构词法：eco­(生态)＋system] 2．biodiversity n．生物多样性[构词法：bio­(生物)＋diversity] 3．hardwood n．阔叶树；硬材(阔叶树的木材) 4．mammal n．哺乳动物 5．microorganism n．微生物[构词法：micro­(微小的)＋organism] 6．nutrient n．营养素，营养物 7．brochure n．小册子 8．overseas adj．海外的，国外的 adv．在海外，向国外 9．species n．(pl．species)种，物种 10．habitat n．生活环境，栖息地 11．resident n．居民，住户 12．medal n．奖章，勋章 多义单词 [熟词生义] 1．branch [熟义] n．树枝；支流→[生义] n．(政府或机构)部门 2．process [熟义]n．过程，进程；步骤，流程→[生义] vt．加工，处理 3．living [熟义]adj．活着的，活的 n．生计，谋生；生活方式→[生义] adj．在使用的 4．defence [熟义] n．防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守→[生义] n．辩护，辩解 [一词多义] 5．track ①vt．& vi．跟踪，追踪 ②n．足迹，踪迹 ③n．小道 ④n．轨道 ⑤n．跑道 6．belt ①n．地带，地区 ②n．腰带 ③n．传送带 核心单词 [围绕话题——人与自然] 1．make a profit盈利 2．masses of harmful insects大量的害虫 3．out of poverty 摆脱贫穷 4．the impact on ecosystems 对生态系统的影响 5．do/cause damage to habitats 对栖息地的破坏 6．protest against the policy抗议这项政策 7．in the process of protecting wildlife在保护野生动物的过程中 8．recycle natural resources 循环利用自然资源 9．the former．．．the latter．．．前者……后者…… 拓展单词 1．harm n．& vt． 伤害，损害 harmful adj． 有害的；造成损害的 harmless adj． 无害的；无恶意的 2．region n． 地区，区域；行政区 regional adj． 地区的 3．long adj． 长的 length n． 长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长 lengthen vi．& vt． (使)变长 4．vary vi． 变化；改变 variety n． 不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体 various adj． 各种各样的；各种不同的 5．survive vi． 　 　生存，存活 vt． 幸存，幸免于难 survival n． 生存，幸存；残存物，幸存事物 survivor n． 幸存者 6．nutrient n． 营养素，营养物 nutrition n． 营养 nutritious adj． 有营养的 7．appear vi． 出现 disappear vi． 不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪 disappearance n． 消失 8．agriculture n． 农业，农学 agricultural adj． 农业的 9．extinct adj．　　 绝种的，绝迹的 extinction n． 灭绝，绝种 10．apply vt．& vi． 应用；申请；涂；有关 application n． 应用，运用；申请 applicant n． 申请人 applicable adj． 适用的 11．organize vt． 组织 organization n． 组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理 organizer n． 组织者 12．absolute adj． 绝对的，完全的 absolutely adv． 绝对地，完全地；极其 13．entire adj． 完全的 entirely adv． 完全地，全部地，完整地 14．defend vt．& vi． 防御；保护；保卫 defence n． 辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守 defensive adj．　　 防御性的；自我保护的 15．economy n． 经济 economic adj． 经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的 economical adj． 经济的，实惠的；节俭的 economically adv． 在经济上；经济地；节俭地 16．poison vt． 污染；毒死，毒害 n． 毒物，毒药 poisonous adj． 有毒的 17．chemistry n． 化学 chemist n． 化学家 chemical n． 化学制品 adj． 化学的；化学作用的 18．consequent adj． 随之而来的 consequence n． 结果，后果；重要性 consequently adv． 结果 短语巧学助记 1．in turn 相应地，转而；轮流，依次[对比：by turns交替；轮流] 2．break down 使分解(为)，使变化(成)；出故障；垮掉；消除；失败 3．due to 由于，因为[同义：owing to；thanks to；as a result/consequence of] 4．build up 逐渐增加，扩大 5．come up with 想出，想到[对比：come up 破土而出；升起；发生；被提及；被讨论] 6．call for (公开)要求；需要[联想：call on 请求，要求；拜访] 7．spring to mind 突然记起(或想到) 8．get rid of 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 9．give rise to 使发生(或存在)；引起[同义：bring about；lead to] 10．play a role in．．．在……中起重要作用；扮演重要角色[同义：play a part in．．．] 11．in length 在长度上 12．a variety of 各种各样的[同义：varieties of; all sorts of] 13．be made up of 由……组成[同义：consist of；be comprised of；be composed of] 14．sign up 报名[点拨：后常接for] 15．in defence of 保护；为……做解释或辩护 句式遮挡背诵 1．With an area of around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China．(倍数表达法) 2．The Amazon River，from which the rainforest gets its name，is close to 6，400 kilometres in length．．．(“介词＋which” 引导定语从句) 3．Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor．(完全倒装) 4．While a significant number of jaguars survive here，they are only one element of this forest's food chain．(while 引导让步状语从句) 5．Some call for the application of modern technology，and others a change of lifestyle．(省略) 6．As the human population continues to grow，so does the effect we have on animals．(so＋助动词＋主语) 7．We've been taking various measures，including the use of new technologies，to reduce pollution in the production process，even though these measures raise our production costs．(even though引导让步状语从句) [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1．亚马孙雨林的面积约为600万平方千米，比中国国土面积的一半还要大。 2．亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长接近6 400千米…… 3．在那上面是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。 4．尽管相当多的美洲豹在这里生存，但它们只是这个雨林食物链的一环。 5．一些人呼吁应用现代技术，另一些人呼吁改变生活方式。 6．随着人口的持续增长，我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。 7．我们一直在采取各种各样的措施，包括新科技手段的运用，来减少生产过程中产生的污染，尽管这些措施会增加我们的生产成本。 语篇词汇串记 　　Tom joined an environmental protection organization as a volunteer．Soon he was sent to work．After arriving at the South American continent，he started to study a variety of wildlife in some regions．He learned that there used to be masses of species there，but later many disappeared． Two factors led to the result．One was bad climate．The other was human beings．It was human activities that damaged the habitats of some animals．Besides，some farmers poisoned many animals while using chemicals．Some even tracked and killed animals to make a profit．In defence of the animals close to extinction，Tom determined to do something to prevent them from harming the animals．He gave out some brochures among the residents．Slowly，they realized what they did was wrong and had a bad impact on animals．In turn，they themselves also suffered a lot．To help local people get rid of poverty and this situation，he came up with some strategies．As a consequence，he earned all the residents' respect． [遮住左栏，忆加黑词汇] 汤姆作为一名志愿者加入了一个环境保护组织。不久，他就被派去工作了。到达南美洲大陆后，他开始研究一些地区的各种野生动植物。他了解到那里曾经有大量的物种，但后来许多都消失了。 有两个因素导致了这个结果。一个是恶劣的气候。另一个是人类。是人类的活动破坏了一些动物的栖息地。此外，一些农民在使用化学制品时毒死了许多动物。有些人甚至通过追踪和杀死动物来赚钱。为了保护这些濒临灭绝的动物，汤姆决定做点什么来防止他们伤害这些动物。他向居民们分发了一些小册子。慢慢地，他们意识到自己所做的是错的，对动物产生了不良影响。反过来，他们自己也遭受了很多痛苦。为了帮助当地人摆脱贫困和当前这种状况，他想出了一些策略。因此，他赢得了所有居民的尊重。 Part 1　核心词句——学表达 harm n．& vt．伤害；损害→harmful adj．有害的→harmless adj．无害的；不致伤害的 【语境运用】　单句填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①(2023·全国乙卷)There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful (harm) gases． ②如今，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了严重的危害。[应用文写作之倡议书] These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are common, causing serious harm to our life and the environment．(分词作状语) ③我们无法分辨真假，这对我们的学习和生活有害。 →We can't tell the difference between the true and the false, which is harmful to our study and life．(定语从句，harmful) →We can't tell the difference between the true and the false, harming our study and life．(分词作状语，harm) 【用法归纳】 ◎do/cause harm to sb＝do/cause sb harm 对某人造成损害/伤害 ◎There is no harm in doing sth 做某事没有害处 ◎be harmful to．．．对……有害 【写作语料】 ◎harm one's health/image/reputation 损害某人的健康/形象/名誉 ◎cause harm to one's physical health对某人的身体健康造成伤害 ◎exposure to harmful chemicals and substances接触有害化学品和物质 variety n．不同种类；变化；多样性；变种，变体→vary vi．(根据情况)变化；改变→various adj．各种不同的，各种各样的 【语境运用】　单句填空/完成句子 ①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The colors of the leaves varied from vibrant yellows to deep reds, creating a stunning autumn palette． ②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)I experimented with various (vary) techniques, from watercolors to charcoal, and discovered new ways to express myself． ③我喜欢这个城市，因为它提供了各种各样的活动，从户外运动到文化活动，应有尽有。 I love this city because it offers a wide variety of activities, varying from outdoor sports to cultural events．There's something for everyone． 【用法归纳】 ◎a variety of＝varieties of各种各样的 ◎vary from．．．to．．．从……变化到…… ◎vary in 在……方面有所不同 【写作语料】 ◎vary from person to person 因人而异 ◎arrange varieties of activities 安排各种各样的活动 ◎various forms of entertainment 各种形式的娱乐活动 survive vi．& vt．生存；存活；幸存；幸免于难；挺过(难关)；比……活得长→survivor n．幸存者→survival n．生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物 【语境运用】　单句填空/完成句子 ①The traveler trapped in the lonely island survived on the fish caught in the sea． ②生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。[读后续写之主旨升华] Life isn't about how to survive the storm while it's about learning to dance in the rain． ③(2022·全国甲卷)不可否认，没有海洋，包括人类在内的任何生物都无法生存。 There is no denying that without the oceans，no living things would survive，humans included． 【用法归纳】 ◎survive sth 幸免于；从……中活下来 ◎survive on靠……存活下来 ◎A survive B(by＋一段时间) A比B多活…… 【写作语料】 ◎survive the hard time度过这段困难的时光 ◎survive on limited resources 靠有限资源生存 application n．应用，运用；申请→apply vt．& vi．应用；申请；运用；涂；有关→applicant n．申请人 【语境运用】　单句填空/完成句子/语段填空 ①Applying (apply) yourself to your learning，you can make much more progress sooner or later． ②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) 我全身心投入到捕捉充满活力的色彩过程中，用花和树的元素完成了一幅画。 I really applied myself to capturing the vibrant colors，completing a painting of the flowers and trees． ③我写信向您申请你们昨天登广告的那个职位。如果我能得到这个职位，我将集中精力于这项工作。如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。[应用文写作之申请信] I am writing to apply to you for the post that you advertised yesterday．If I am accepted，I will apply myself to the job．I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration． 【用法归纳】 ◎apply (to sb) for sth (向某人)申请某物 ◎apply．．．to．．．把……应用于…… ◎apply oneself to致力于/集中精力于……(to为介词) 【写作语料】 ◎apply for the position of volunteer 申请志愿者的职位 ◎apply to be a volunteer申请成为一名志愿者 ◎submit the application by May 15 在5月15日前提交申请 defence n．辩护；防御；保护；防御物；国防；防守→defend vt．防御；保护，保卫；辩白；辩护→defensive adj．防御性的；自我保护的 【语境运用】　词义辨析/单句填空/一句多译 ①I have to say in her defence that she knew nothing about it beforehand．词义：辩护，辩解 ②Some people learn martial arts to strengthen their bodies or defend themselves against/from being bullied． ③那只狼紧紧地追在他后面，他下了自行车，拿起一根棍子保护自己。[读后续写之动作描写] →With the wolf running closely after him，he got off his bike and took up a stick in defense of himself．(defense) →With the wolf running closely after him，he got off his bike and defended himself with a stick．(defend) 【用法归纳】 ◎in defence of 保护……；保卫……；为……解释或辩护 ◎defend sb/sth from/against sb/(doing) sth 保护……免受……的伤害 【写作语料】 ◎in defence of animals close to extinction保护濒临灭绝的动物 ◎defend ourselves from/against being attacked保护自己不受攻击 ◎rush to defend his son like an arrow 像箭一样冲过去保护儿子 consequence n．结果；后果→consequent adj．随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv．因此；所以 【语境运用】　完成句子 ①由于暴雨的影响，河水泛滥，湍急的河水冲破了河堤。 As a consequence/result of the heavy rainfall, the river, swollen and turbulent, burst its banks． ②由于缺少政府的支持，这项计划很快就失败了。 The plan lacked support from the government．As a consequence/In consequence/As a result/Consequently，it broke down soon． ③经过几个月的刻苦学习，这个学生因此为期末考试做好了充分准备。 Having studied diligently for months, the student was consequently well­prepared for the final exam． 【用法归纳】 ◎as a consequence＝in consequence＝as a result＝consequently 因此；结果 ◎as a consequence of＝in consequence of 因为；由于 【写作语料】 ◎face/take/suffer the consequences承担后果；自食其果 ◎consequent changes/effects/problems随之而来的变化/影响/问题 in turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流；反过来 【语境运用】　语段填空 在一个组织有序的课堂上，学生们轮流发表自己的想法，老师则相应地给出建设性的反馈。课堂上轮流进行热烈的讨论和安静的反思，营造出一个充满活力的学习环境。结果通常是，最有价值的见解往往来自这些协作交流。轮到每个人时，他们都在塑造整个班级的集体知识和成长方面发挥着至关重要的作用。 In a well­organized classroom, students ①take turns to present their ideas, and the teacher ②responds in turn with constructive feedback．③By turns, the class engages in lively discussions and quiet reflection, creating a dynamic learning environment．④It often turns out that the most valuable insights come from these collaborative exchanges．⑤In one's turn, each individual plays a crucial role in shaping the collective knowledge and growth of the class． 【用法归纳】 ◎in one's turn 轮到某人 ◎by turns 轮流；交替地 ◎take turns to do sth 轮流做某事 ◎It is one's turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事 ◎It turns out that．．．结果…… ◎sb/sth turns out to be/adj．/adv．结果…… 【写作语料】 (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)When it was my turn to receive the award, I walked to the podium with a touch of confidence． 当轮到我领奖时，我带着自信走上了领奖台。 come up with 想出，想到；拿出；提出 【语境运用】　语段填空 说到英语学习，我有以下实用的建议要分享。首先，当你遇到不熟悉的单词时，不要总是去查字典。此外，当在课堂上讨论老师问题的时候，你应该试着想出答案。最后，如果你没有回答上来，你必须对自己说：“加油！”[应用文写作之建议信] ①When it comes to English learning，I have the following practical suggestions to share．Firstly，when you ②come across unfamiliar words，don't always refer to the dictionary．Furthermore，when teachers' questions ③come up in class，you should try to ④come up with answers．Lastly，if you fail，you must say to yourself, “⑤Come on！” 【用法归纳】 ◎come across (偶然)遇见，碰见；被理解 ◎come on加油；到来；得了吧 ◎come up 破土而出；升起；发生；被提及；被讨论 ◎when it comes to．．．当谈及…… 【写作语料】 My heart began to race as this was the first time that I had come up with the idea to help a stranger．[读后续写之心理描写] 我的心开始狂跳，因为这是我第一次想到要帮助一个陌生人。 句式：“倍数关系”表达方式 【教材原句】　With an area of around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China．亚马孙雨林面积约600万平方千米，相当于中国面积的一半以上。 ◎倍数＋as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as．．． ◎倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than．．． ◎倍数＋the＋名词(size/length/height/depth/width．．．)＋of．．． ◎倍数＋what从句 【佳句背诵】　 The short film tells about the development of our school．Now our new school is three times as large as what it was ten years ago． ＝The short film tells about the development of our school．Now our new school is three times larger than what it was ten years ago． ＝The short film tells about the development of our school．Now our new school is three times the size of what it was ten years ago． 这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在，我们新学校的面积是10年前的三倍大。 【仿写借鉴】 我的农场已经扩展成了一个大农场，是原来的3倍大。 ①My farm has expanded into a big one，which is three times as big as the previous one．(倍数＋as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as．．．) ②My farm has expanded into a big one，which is three times bigger than the previous one．(倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than．．．) ③My farm has expanded into a big one，which is three times the size of the previous one．(倍数＋the＋名词＋of) Part 2　阅读词汇——善辨义 1．track A．vt．跟踪；追踪　B．n．小道　C．n．跑道　 D．n．足迹；踪迹 ①Being an athlete is very fun，painful and exciting．Every time I come to the track，I feel like I'm out of this place． C ②Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid­1980s． A ③The only means of access to the building is along a muddy track． B ④We saw wild animals' tracks near the cave．We guessed they may be deer's． D 2．belt A.n.地带，地区 B.n.腰带 C.n.传送带 ①Our roles in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt．Attach icing(糖霜) ears．Apply icing eyes and nose． C ②A belt of trees grows between the two fields，which looks beautiful． A ③I was upset that the belt I just bought couldn't meet round my waist． B 3．break down A.失败 B.消除 C.出故障 D.将……分成若干部分E.垮掉 ①Getting young people together will help to break down the barriers between them． B ②Let's break down the project into smaller parts in order to deal with the problems one by one． D ③Really，the truck my dad drove often broke down on the way，which made my dad in trouble． C ④You will break down if you take on more work than you can． E ⑤Peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached． A 4．猜测句中加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①Brazil began importing soybeans(大豆) to process at home．vt．加工 ②Representatives of the other branches were against the new strategy．n．(政府或机构)部门 ③Actually，all the living languages experienced many changes and developments．adj．在使用的 巧借前缀micro­推测词义 前缀micro: 意为“微小的” 本单元：micro­(微小的)＋词根organism(有机体)→microorganism n．微生物 1．The microplastic particles in the ocean pose a serious threat to marine life． [词义]micro(微小的)＋plastic(塑料)→microplastic n．微塑料 2．The microbiologist studied the behavior of bacteria under different environmental conditions． [词义]micro(微小的)＋biologist(生物学家)→microbiologist n．微生物学家 3．The microchip in the device allows it to process data at incredible speeds． [词义]micro(微小的)＋chip(芯片)→microchip n．微芯片 4．The microprocessor is the brain of the computer, handling all its calculations and operations． [词义]micro(微小的)＋processor(处理器)→microprocessor n．微处理器 5．The microeconomics course focuses on the behavior of individuals and businesses in the market． [词义]micro(微小的)＋economics(经济学)→microeconomics n．微观经济学 6．The microgravity environment in space affects the way astronauts' bodies function． [词义]micro(微小的)＋gravity(重力)→microgravity n．微重力 单句语法填空 1．The topic he came up with at the meeting caused a heated discussion． 2．We should take some specific measures to defend the soil from being washed (wash) away． 3．The book's impact on/upon military strategies is the same as Art of War by Sun Zi． 4．If you want to make some achievements in literature，you must apply yourself to it． 5．Plenty of habitats of wild animals were destroyed．As a consequence，most of them disappeared． 6．Excellent performances on the stage call for confidence and unique professional skills． 7．The sports meeting，originally due to be held (hold) last Friday，was finally delayed because of the bad weather． 8．They are twin sisters．Lucy is generous，while her elder sister Lily is extremely mean． 9．Mr．Smith survived all her three sisters by eleven years． 10．In fact, it is human activities that have brought many animals close to extinction． (一)应用文写作[人与自然] 假定你是李华，你校将以“保护我们的家园——地球”为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。 用本单元知识和右栏词块翻译句子 1．众所周知，大量的人类活动对我们的家园——地球造成了巨大的危害。(it作形式主语) It is well known that a great many human activities have done great harm to our home—the earth． 2．由于温室气体排放量的增加，地球的温度变得越来越高。 The temperature of the earth is becoming higher and higher as a consequence of the increasing emission of greenhouse gases． 3．更糟糕的是，由于气候变化和人类活动，一些物种正面临着灭绝的危险。 To make matters worse/What's worse，some species are in danger of extinction due to climate change as well as human activities． 4．所有这些反过来会对我们人类造成巨大的危害，如越来越多的自然灾害和罕见的疾病。 All of these in turn will do/cause damage to us human beings，such as more and more natural disasters and rare diseases． 5．是时候采取各种方法来保护地球免受污染了。[It's (high) time that．．．] It's (high) time that we took/should take various methods to protect the earth from pollution． 6．请牢记，重建我们绿色、清洁的地球需要我们每个人的努力和贡献。(keep in mind that．．．) Keep in mind that rebuilding our green and clean earth calls for everyone's efforts and contributions． [构建话题语义场] 1．人与自然的关系 ①conserve natural resources 保护自然资源 ②reduce carbon footprint 减少碳足迹 ③preserve biodiversity 保护生物多样性 ④raise awareness of environmental issues 提高对环境问题的认识 ⑤the increasing emission of greenhouse gases温室气体排放量的增加 ⑥be in danger of extinction面临着灭绝的危险 2．自然现象 ⑦experience natural disasters 经历自然灾害 ⑧observe wildlife in their habitat 在其栖息地观察野生动物 ⑨enjoy the beauty of landscapes 享受风景的美丽 study ecosystems 研究生态系统 3．人与自然的互动 ⑪engage in outdoor activities 参与户外活动 ⑫practice eco­friendly habits 养成环保习惯 ⑬participate in tree planting 参与植树活动 ⑭advocate for environmental protection 倡导环境保护 ⑮support renewable energy initiatives 支持可再生能源倡议 ⑯volunteer for environmental organizations 为环保组织志愿服务 ⑰find inspiration in natural surroundings 在自然环境中寻找灵感 ⑱rebuild our green and clean earth 重建我们绿色、清洁的地球 (二)读后续写[动物保护＋情感细节描写之同情与怜悯] Ⅰ．教材语料积累 词汇 [动作描写]　defence (AmE defense) n．辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守→defend vt．保护；防御；辩白　survive vi．生存，存活 vt．幸存，幸免于难　come up with想出，想到　call for(公开)要求；需要 spring to mind突然记起(或想到) [环境描写]　hardwood n．阔叶树；硬材(阔叶树的木材)　jaguar n．美洲豹，美洲虎　track n．足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线　consequence n．结果，后果；重要性 佳句 1．At the bottom，there is a system of roots beneath the ground．(环境描写) 2．Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor．(环境描写) 3．The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves．Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods，and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground．(环境描写) 4．Each level of the forest forms its own little world，home to different kinds of living things．(环境描写) 5．The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen．(环境描写) 6．When I first moved here，the air was fresh，the grass green and the water clear．(环境描写) 7．The smog in the air has coloured the sky a smoky grey; it's also given me a cough that I can't get rid of．(环境描写) 8．It's our duty to protect the environment while we aim for economic development．It's our duty to leave a better，cleaner and healthier planet to our children．It's our duty to build a human community with a shared future．(排比句式) Ⅱ．拓展语料背诵 单词 1．sympathy n．同情→sympathetic adj．同情的 2．pity n．同情，怜悯；仁慈 v．同情→pitiful adj．可怜的；充满同情或怜悯的 3．mercy n．宽容；怜悯→merciful adj．仁慈的，宽恕的→mercifully adv．幸运地；宽大地；仁慈地 4．supportive adj．支持的，拥护的 5．helpful adj．给予帮助的；有帮助的 6．gentle adj．温和的；轻柔的→gently adv．温柔地；轻轻地 7．sweet adj．温柔的，善良的 8．warm­hearted adj．热心的，富有同情心的，慈爱的 词块 1．take pity on sb/have mercy on sb怜悯某人 2．feel pity/sorry for同情 3．express sympathy表示同情 4．out of sympathy/pity出于同情 5．a surge of mercy sweeps over sb怜悯之情涌上某人心头 6．a wave of sympathy wells up in one's heart某人心中涌起了一股同情之情 7．lend a helping hand伸出援助之手，助一臂之力 8．look at the tiny creature with a sweet smile带着甜蜜的微笑看着这个小家伙 9．pat the little boy gently轻轻地拍了拍小男孩 10．be torn by sorrow and compassion承受悲伤和同情的折磨 11．his heart aches for the injured people 他为受伤的人而心痛 12．a random act of kindness不经意的善举 句型 1．His painful eyes seem to beg me for my sympathy，making me feel a surge of mercy sweeping over me． 他那双痛苦的眼睛似乎在乞求我的同情，让我感到怜悯之情涌上心头。 2．Seeing her condition，I immediately felt a huge sympathy for her，which was coming deep from within my heart．看到她的情况，我立刻对她产生了巨大的同情，这种同情来自我的内心深处。 3．Approaching the poor boy，she gathered him into her arms in sympathy． 她走近那个可怜的男孩，同情地把他抱在怀里。 4．At the sight of the scene，he felt a wave of sympathy welled up in his heart，his heart aching for the injured dog．看到这一幕，他心中涌起了一股同情之情，他为受伤的狗而心痛。(独立主格) 5．Franklin stood silently，torn by sorrow and compassion，weighing what to say． 富兰克林默默地站着，承受着悲伤和同情的折磨，考虑着该说些什么。 Ⅲ．语料综合运用 　　(2023·浙江1月卷读后续写改编)我被邀请去一个老朋友的农场。当我走过一个挤奶房时，一只拼命想从蜘蛛网中逃脱的蜂鸟引起了我的注意。她看着我的眼睛，她那双痛苦的眼睛似乎在乞求我的同情。看到她的情况，我立刻感到怜悯之情涌上心头。我轻轻地帮助她从网里面出来，把她放在我的手中。当我张开手时，那只鸟并没有想飞走，只是坐在我的手里，用她那明亮的眼睛看着我。我同情地轻轻拍了拍她。渐渐地，她恢复了体力，飞到我的面前。很长一段时间，这个小家伙看着我的眼睛，把头从一边转到另一边，好像在向我表达她的感激。就在那一刻，我突然意识到，一个不经意的善举就可以产生很大的影响。 　　I was invited to an old friend's farm．When I walked past a milking house，a hummingbird (蜂鸟) ①desperately trying to escape from (现在分词短语作定语) spiderwebs caught my attention．She looked at me into my eyes and her painful eyes seemed to ②beg me for my sympathy．Seeing her condition，I immediately felt ③a wave of sympathy welled up in my heart (无灵主语)．I gently helped her get out of the web，④putting her on my hand (现在分词短语作状语)．When I opened my hand，the bird made no attempt to fly away，but just sat in my hand looking at me with her bright eyes．I ⑤patted her gently in sympathy．Gradually，she regained her strength and ⑥flew in front of me．For a very long moment，this tiny creature looked into my eyes and turned her head from side to side，⑦as if expressing her gratitude to me (状语从句的省略)．Just at the moment，⑧it dawned on me that a random act of kindness can make a great difference． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $