Unit 7 Section Ⅳ Period 单元回顾 默写背诵-【名师导航】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册教师用书配套课件（北师大版）

该高中英语课件围绕“职业”主题，系统涵盖职业相关阅读词汇（如lawyer, physician）、写作词汇（如determine, predict）及拓展词形转换（如employ→employer→employment），结合重点短语（be fascinated by, have positive attitudes towards）和课文佳句，搭建从词汇积累到语篇运用的学习支架，帮助学生构建职业主题语言知识网络。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如应用文背诵提供志愿者申请信高分范文，通过“表明意愿—阐述优势—总结期待”结构训练规范表达；续写片段结合救援场景语境，提升叙事逻辑思维；单元检测包含多体裁阅读（如艺术节应用文、人物记叙文），强化信息获取与分析能力。对学生而言，可系统积累职业词汇，提升读写综合技能；对教师而言，提供完整资源链，便于高效实施语言能力与思维品质并重的教学。

UNIT 7　CAREERS 主题语境 人与社会——良好的人际关系与社会交往 Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 Section Ⅳ 1．lawyer n．律师 2．physician n．医生 3．architect n．建筑师，建筑设计师 4．receptionist n．接待员 5．dentist n．牙科医生 6．chef n．厨师，主厨 7．consultant n．顾问 8．librarian n．图书馆管理员 Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 9．operator n．操作员；电话接线员 10．clerk n．接待员；办事员，文员；(商店的)售货员，店员 11．fascinated adj．被迷住的，被吸引住的；极感兴趣的 12．institution n．机构，团体；制度 13．client n．客户，顾客 14．quotient n．(质量、情感等的)指数，程度 15．solely adv．唯一地，仅仅 16．bio-technology n．生物技术 Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 17．footstep n．脚步声 18．workshop n．车间，工厂 19．lottery n．抽彩给奖法；碰运气的事 20．innovator n．革新者，创新者 21．outsource vt．外包，外办 22．photographer n．摄影者 23．column n．(报纸或杂志)专栏；支柱，圆柱 Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 24．enclose vt．随信附上；将……围起来 25．journalist n．新闻工作者，新闻记者 26．district n．地区，区域 27．telescope n．望远镜 Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 1．__________ n．(医院、大学、公司、政府的)科，系，处，部；(大商场的)部 2．_________ n．经济，经济制度 3．______________ n．管理，行政；执行，实施 4．________ adj．可信赖的，可靠的 5．________ vt．说服，劝服 6．______ n．学分；赊购，信贷 department economy administration reliable persuade credit Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 7．_________ adj．极好的，优秀的；明亮的，灿烂的 8．__________ adj．给人深刻印象的，令人钦佩的 9．____________ n．智力，智慧，理解力 10．_______ vt．& n．雇用 11．__________vt．决定，直接影响；测定，确定 12．________vt．预言，预料，预测 13．________vt．应得，应受到(奖赏或惩罚) 14．______adj．(数字或数量)较小的；较低级的；下面的 brilliant impressive intelligence employ determine predict deserve lower Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 15．____________n．联系；协会，社团 16．_________adj．内心的；内部的；国内的 17．_______vi．& vt．适应，(使)习惯；调整，调节 18．_________vt．宣布，宣告，公布 19．___________n．伤残，残障，障碍 20．________adj．乐意、愿意(做某事)的 21．______vi．(作出)反应 22．______n．趋势，趋向，倾向 association internal adjust announce disability willing react trend Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 23．__________adj．财政的，金融的；财务的 24．________adj．合乎逻辑的；合情合理的 25．______________n．理解(力)；阅读理解测试 26．__________vt．保证，担保 n．保修单 27．__________adj．积极的，主动的 28．___________n．专业，行业 29．_________n．可能性，希望 30．___________n．退休，退职 31．_________adj．有关的，切题的 financial logical comprehension guarantee motivated profession prospect retirement relevant Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 32．_______n．薪金，工资 33．___________n．工作，职业 34．_____n．速度，进度 35．________vi．& vt．(使)有资格，有权利；取得资格，达到标准 36．________ adj．多的，多种的，涉及多个人(物，事等)的 37．_________ adj．极其重要的；最基本的 38．_________n．保障，保护；保安措施，安全工作 salary occupation pace qualify multiple essential security Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 39．__________n．申请人 40．________adj．年老的，渐老的 41．_______n．视野；视力 42．____________ adv．有礼貌地；恭敬地 43．_______n．选择；(计算机的)选项，选择 applicant elderly vision respectfully option Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 1．rely vi．依靠；依赖；信任→________ adj．可信赖的，可靠的 2．impress vt．使钦佩；使敬仰；给……留下深刻的好印象→__________ n．印象；感想→__________ adj．给人深刻印象的，令人钦佩的 3．intelligent adj．机智的，有才智的；有智慧的，聪明的→____________ n．智力，智慧，理解力 4．employ vt．& n．雇用→________ n．雇用者，雇主→________ n．雇员→___________ n．雇用；职业 reliable impression impressive intelligence employer employee employment Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 5．determine vt．决定，直接影响；测定，确定→__________ adj．坚定的；坚决的→______________n．决心；(正式)决定，确定，坚定 6．associate vt．联系；联合；联想；交往→__________ adj．相关的；(用于联合企业的名称)联合的；有关联的；有联系的→____________n．联系；协会，社团 7．adjust vi．& vt．适应，(使)习惯；调整，调节→__________ n．调整，调节；适应 determined determination associated association adjustment Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 8．announce vt．宣布，宣告，公布→____________ n．布告，通告；宣告 9．disabled adj．残障的，残疾的，有学习障碍的→__________ n．伤残，残障，障碍 10．react vi．(作出)反应→________ n．反应；回应 11．finance n．金融，财政；资金→_________ adj．财政的，金融的；财务的 12．motivate vt．成为……的动机；激发→__________ n．动机；积极性→__________adj．积极的，主动的 announcement disability reaction financial motivation motivated Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 13．profession n．专业，行业→___________adj．职业的；专业的 14．retire vi．& vt．退休；退职；撤离→_______ adj．已退休的→___________n．退休，退职 15．special adj．特殊的；专用的→_________ n．专家→__________ vi．专攻；专门从事 16．occupy vt．占用；占领；任职；使忙于→________ adj．被占领的；使用中→___________n．工作，职业 professional retired retirement specialist specialise occupied occupation Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 17．qualify vi．& vt．(使)有资格，有权利；取得资格，达到标准→_________ adj．有资格的；能胜任的→____________n．资格；资历 18．secure adj．安全的→________ n．保障，保护；保安措施，安全工作 qualified qualification security Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 1．__________________ 对……着迷 2．_____________ 与……相处 3．_____________________________ 对……持积极的态度 4．______________ 以做……结束 5．_________________ 另一方面 6．_________ 应付；处理 7．__________________ 与……有很大关系 be fascinated by... get on with... have positive attitudes towards... end up doing... on the other hand deal with have a lot to do with Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 8．___________ 就……而言 9．_____________________ 乐意做某事 10．________________ 卷入……；涉及 11．______________ 被……取代 12．____________ 赶上 13．__________________ 不打算；无意 14．__________ 过时 in terms of be willing to do sth． be involved in... be replaced by keep up with have no intention of out of date Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 15．_____ 取决于 16．_________ 突出；显眼 17．__________________ 引起某人的注意 18．_________ 不再 up to stand out draw one's attention no longer Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 1．While your IQ tells you how intelligent you are，your EQ tells you how well you use your intelligence． 尽管智商表明你有多聪明，而情商表明你如何善用智慧。 2．Supported by his research，Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someone's future success，their character，as measured by EQ tests，might actually matter more than their IQ． 沙洛维教授在他研究的基础上提出，在预测一个人未来的成功时，他们的性格(可用EQ来测量)实际上比其智商更为重要。 Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 3．Perhaps their failure is because of their lower EQ． 他们的失败也许是因为他们有较低的情商。 4．It is generally believed that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life． 人们通常认为高情商的人往往善于接受新观点，并且对生活持积极的态度。 5．In your grandparents' time，there was the prospect of doing the same job from graduation until retirement． 在你祖父母生活的时代，人们有可能从毕业到退休都做同样的工作。 Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 6．But most of us today have to look beyond the little box called “career”． 但是，今天我们大多数人都必须跳出“职业生涯”这个小框来看待问题。 7．Keep doing this，and you can become an expert or a specialist in something one day． 持之以恒，这样有一天你才会成为某个行业的专家或专业人士。 8．What if your job disappears after working for 10 years in the field? 假如自己辛辛苦苦工作了十年的岗位消失了怎么办？ Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 假定你是李华，你得知一场国际乒乓球比赛将在你市举办，请写一封信申请担任此次比赛的志愿者。相关要求如下： 1．为人热情，乐于助人； 2．擅长英语，沟通能力强。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 [高分范文背诵] Dear Sir/Madam， Hearing that an international table tennis competition is to be held in our city and you are in need of some volunteers，I'm more than pleased to be a part． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 Having learned English for many years，I have a good knowledge of English and I am capable of communicating with foreigners well． Besides，enthusiastic about everyone，I am always ready to help others，which I think is of great significance to be a volunteer．Last but not least，as a ping-pong lover，there is no doubt that I am a candidate more than suitable． To sum up，I believe I can be a qualified volunteer．Thanks for your consideration． Yours， Li Hua Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 片段1 By 11 a.m.，Bales was getting cold and decided to abandon her plan．The only thing keeping Bales on Gulfside Trail was the tracks in the snow．As she fought the wind and heavy sleet，the tracks made a hard left-hand turn off the trail． 到上午11点，Bales感到越来越冷，决定放弃她的计划。唯一能让Bales留在海湾边小径上的是雪地里的痕迹。当她与狂风和暴雨夹雪抗争时，小径的足迹猛地向左转了个弯。 Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 片段2 The wind kept howling with the heavy sleet driving fiercely，and even worse，darkness began to fall．Anxious，Bales struggled to help the man up，supporting his weight and inching along the trail，following the tracks left by her hiking boots． 狂风呼啸，雨夹雪猛烈地刮着，更糟糕的是，黑暗开始降临。Bales满心焦急，吃力地扶起这名男子，支撑着他的重量，沿着她登山靴留下的痕迹慢慢走去。 Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 单元综合检测(一) (UNIT 7　CAREERS) (总分：120分) 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 A Edinburgh Summer Festivals The Edinburgh Festival Fringe Set up in 1947，the Edinburgh Festival Fringe is the world's largest performance arts festival．Only the Olympic Games and the World Cup sell more tickets and it takes over venues (场馆) all over the city for most of August．The Edinburgh Festival Fringe Society publishes a free programme every year containing most of the performances—which can be picked up in venues across Edinburgh before and during the event． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 The Edinburgh International Festival First held in 1947，the Edinburgh International Festival has taken place every year since．It sees famous figures from the fields of music and the performing arts invited to perform in the city．Traditionally the majority of events are classical music concerts，opera，theatre productions，and dance performances． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 The Edinburgh International Film Festival Established in 1947，the Edinburgh International Film Festival is the world's oldest uninterruptedly (不间断地) running film festival． Threatened by financial problems last year，including the closing of its Edinburgh Filmhouse home，it came in 2023 as a downsized event showing a selection of films from around the world． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 The Edinburgh International Book Festival First taking place in a single tent in 1983，the Edinburgh International Book Festival was originally held every two years but became a yearly literary celebration in 1997．It invites hundreds of authors，journalists，politicians and famous faces from around the world to come to the city to speak about both their books and those of others． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了爱丁堡夏季艺术节的四个组成部分：爱丁堡边缘艺术节、爱丁堡国际艺术节、爱丁堡国际电影节和爱丁堡国际书展。 Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ 1．How long does the Edinburgh Festival Fringe last? A．About a week． B．Almost a month． C．More than 40 days． D．Around half a year． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 B　[细节理解题。根据The Edinburgh Festival Fringe部分中“it takes over venues all over the city for most of August”可知，爱丁堡边缘艺术节持续将近一个月。故选B。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ 2．What is special about the Edinburgh International Film Festival? A．It kicked off in an old tent half a century ago． B．It is the world's largest performance arts festival． C．It is the third largest event in terms of ticket sales． D．It has been continually held since it started． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 D　[细节理解题。根据The Edinburgh International Film Festival部分中“Established in 1947，the Edinburgh International Film Festival is the world's oldest uninterruptedly running film festival．”可知，爱丁堡国际电影节始于1947年，是世界上最古老的连续举办的电影节。故选D。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ 3．Which event used to take place every second year? A．The Edinburgh Festival Fringe． B．The Edinburgh International Festival． C．The Edinburgh International Film Festival． D．The Edinburgh International Book Festival． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 D　[细节理解题。根据The Edinburgh International Book Festival部分中“...the Edinburgh International Book Festival was originally held every two years but became a yearly literary celebration in 1997．”可知，爱丁堡国际书展过去每两年举行一次。故选D。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 B In 1999，Rebecca Constantino began doing a study at schools across Los Angeles．She had just completed a PhD in Language，Literacy and Learning，and she was analysing children's access to books in wealthy and low-income communities． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 One day，she saw something that stopped her in her tracks．“I was at a school in a wealthy community，and they were getting rid of almost brand new books because they didn't have room in the library，” said Constantino．She put the books in her car and drove them to a school in an underserved community． Shocked by the difference she saw in public school libraries，Constantino became determined to bridge the gap．“School libraries are not funded well，and sometimes not funded at all，” said Constantino．“If you're a child in an underserved community，you're left with boring，outdated，and uninteresting books．” Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 The word about Constantino's work was spread，and books began piling up．Today，her non-profit organisation，Access Books，has provided more than 1.5 million books to public school and community libraries across California．The group has also redecorated close to 350 libraries in public schools and homeless shelters． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 Constantino recruits (招募) volunteers who work alongside the community to create a warm，vibrant (充满生机的) and welcoming library space．Students and their families，as well as school staff and teachers，come together to join in．“We're working together．It's not a gift；it's a partnership．It really builds a sense of community，” said Constantino． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 In addition to book donations and refurbishing (再装修) libraries，the group offers author visits with schools and holds an annual writers conference for kids．Constantino said，“If we provide high-interest books and a beautiful library space，they do come and they do read．We found that in the schools that we serve，the number of books borrowed increases significantly after our coming．So we know that kids are really interested in the books that we give．My goal is that kids can always have a friend in a book and they can always turn to a book to find comfort and to learn something．” Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Rebecca Constantino为学校和社区图书馆提供书籍和翻新图书馆的故事，以及该项目的目的和成果。 Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ 4．Why did Constantino do the study in 1999? A．To prepare for a PhD． B．To reduce the waste of books． C．To donate more books to poor communities． D．To figure out kids' ways of gaining reading books． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 D　[细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1999，Rebecca Constantino began doing a study at schools across Los Angeles．She had just completed a PhD in Language，Literacy and Learning，and she was analysing children's access to books in wealthy and low-income communities．”可知，Rebecca Constantino在1999年进行研究是为了分析富裕和低收入社区的儿童获得书籍的机会。故选D。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ 5．How did Constantino bridge the gap? A．By obtaining donated books． B．By raising money on the street． C．By founding a profitable organisation． D．By getting support from the local government． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 A　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“The word about Constantino's work was spread，and books began piling up．Today，her non-profit organisation，Access Books，has provided more than 1.5 million books to public school and community libraries across California．”可知，为了弥补公立和私立学校图书馆之间的差异，她为公立学校和社区图书馆提供捐赠的书。故选A。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ 6．Which can best describe Constantino's work? A．Ambitious．　 B．Controversial． C．Depressing． 　 D．Successful． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 D　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“The group has also redecorated close to 350 libraries in public schools and homeless shelters．”，第五段中“Constantino recruits volunteers who work alongside the community to create a warm，vibrant and welcoming library space．”以及最后一段中“In addition to book donations and refurbishing libraries，the group offers author visits with schools and holds an annual writers conference for kids．”可推知，Constantino的工作非常成功，给学校、社区、学生带来了深远的影响。故选D。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ 7．What impact does the non-profit organisation have on kids in poor communities? A．They are more willing to read books． B．They can turn to writers on campus． C．They donate their own books to school libraries． D．They think the books on the shelf difficult to read． A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，Constantino所创建的这个非营利组织让贫困社区的孩子对读书感兴趣。故选A。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 C Smartphones enable our desire for ease and convenience．But sometimes—whether it's running a marathon，climbing a mountain，or assembling furniture—we willingly choose difficulty over ease．Michael Inzlicht，a psychologist at the University of Toronto，calls this the “effort paradox”．While we often avoid hard work，other times we value it，viewing things as more rewarding if we have to work for them． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 This phenomenon extends beyond extreme pursuits like mountain climbing or marathon running．Many individuals seek out challenging activities such as puzzles or crosswords because the effort itself is enjoyable．This appreciation of effort is deep-rooted in our brains，as dopamine (多巴胺) encourages us to value tasks that demand perseverance and dedication．“Sometimes effort is the only way that you can test yourself，” says Inzlicht． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 In a study by a psychiatrist at Stanford University School of Medicine，mice learned to poke (捅，推) their noses into a hole to obtain juice．When the number of pokes it took to receive juice was raised，or mild electric shocks were given，more dopamine was released in the striatum，a brain region important for motivation and experiencing reward．It also found that people rewarded for choosing a more difficult task opted (选择) for the difficult version the next time，even if it no longer comes with a reward．This appreciation of hard work transfers to unrelated tasks，from school and sports to work and parenting． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 Still，putting down our phones and seeking exertion may be difficult at first．Anna Lembke，a psychiatrist at Stanford University School of Medicine，suggests building it into our schedule and doing it with friends or for a greater good，like running a race for charity or biking to save gas． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 “Sometimes the same effort can become boring and frustrating，so keep it fresh：find a new park to walk through or save a favorite show or podcast for the gym．We can strive (力争) for a healthier balance between seeking pleasure and embracing challenges，” Lembke says． “We are born to strive，but it's up to us to channel that drive in a sustainable and fulfilling way．” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了人们有时会自愿选择困难而非轻松的现象，并探讨了这种现象背后的心理机制及其在日常生活中的应用。 Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ 8．Which belongs to the phenomenon of the “effort paradox”？ A．Staying in an unsatisfying yet relatively stable job． B．Throwing ourselves on the sofa after a tiring workday． C．Eating high-calorie food even though we are overweight． D．Hiking mountains even though we can take the cable car． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 D　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“we willingly choose difficulty over ease．Michael Inzlicht，a psychologist at the University of Toronto，calls this the ‘effort paradox’”可知，努力悖论指的是我们有时会选择困难而非轻松的情况。D项符合这一现象。故选D。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ 9．What can we learn from paragraph 3? A．The mice are fast learners． B．Effort is costly but valued． C．Hard work always pays off． D．We feel safe in the comfort zone． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 B　[推理判断题。根据第三段可知，斯坦福大学医学院的一项研究表明，当获取果汁需要更多的推鼻动作或受到轻微电击时，大脑中会释放更多的多巴胺，人们会因为选择更困难的任务而获得奖励，并且这种对努力工作的欣赏会转移到不相关的任务中。这说明努力虽然有成本，但也会被重视。故选B。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ 10．What does the underlined word “exertion” mean in paragraph 4? A．Convenience． 　 B．Pleasure． C．Effort． 　 D．Assistance． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 C　[词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“But sometimes—whether it's running a marathon，climbing a mountain，or assembling furniture—we willingly choose difficulty over ease．Michael Inzlicht，a psychologist at the University of Toronto，calls this the ‘effort paradox’”以及第四段中的“Still，putting down our phones and seeking...at first．”可知，exertion 在此处意为“努力”。故选C。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ 11．What does Lembke suggest in the last paragraph? A．Avoiding ease and convenience at all costs． B．Keeping a balance between your life and work． C．Never giving up and persevering in face of difficulties． D．Finding something stimulating to finish effortful matters． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“‘Sometimes the same effort can become boring and frustrating，so keep it fresh...We can strive for a healthier balance between seeking pleasure and embracing challenges，’ Lembke says．”可知，Lembke建议找到一些让人兴奋的东西来完成需要努力的事情。故选D。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 D Do you have a suit or dress in the closet that you haven't worn for years but are reluctant to get rid of it？Maybe you say，“I can't throw that away because I paid good money for it．” If you recognise this in yourself，then you are suffering from commitment to the sunk cost fallacy (谬论)．It occurs when we feel that we have invested too much to quit．This psychological trap causes us to stick with a plan even if it no longer serves us and the costs clearly outweigh the benefits． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 Arkes and Blumer conducted a survey revealing that people are influenced by the sunk cost fallacy in their decisions．Participants were asked to imagine a situation where they accidentally booked two ski tickets for the same date，spending $100 on a ski trip to Michigan and $50 on Wisconsin．They were also told the latter would be more enjoyable．It turned out that 54% chose Michigan despite the reasonable choice being Wisconsin，because they had made a greater initial investment． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 The sunk cost fallacy takes place when we let emotions cloud our decisions．Once we've invested in a choice，we feel guilt or regret if we don't follow through，without realising that past investments won't be recovered．Instead，we base decisions on past costs，ignoring present and future costs and benefits．This may be due to loss aversion (厌恶)，where people place more weight on losses than on gains．As a result，our decisions often aim to avoid losses instead of seeking the benefits gained if we let go of the past commitment． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 No one can deny the fact that we benefit a lot from perseverance． So our society loves to emphasise perseverance．Never give up! Don't waste．But only you know the right path for you．Sometimes walking away is the hardest choice of all．You might realise a path you're on is no longer the right one or never was．That's a painful realisation． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了“沉没成本谬论”的概念及其对人们决策的影响。 Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ 12．What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A．People benefit from sticking with a plan． B．People's consumption view has changed． C．People refuse to give up the past commitment． D．People's clothes are becoming more expensive． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Do you have a suit or dress in the closet that you haven't worn for years but are reluctant to get rid of it？...It occurs when we feel that we have invested too much to quit．”可知，作者在文章开头描述了人们不愿意放弃自己已经投入太多的事情。故选C。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ 13．Why did 54% of the participants choose the Michigan trip? A．To save more of the loss． B．To appear more reasonable． C．To make a greater investment． D．To enjoy more of themselves． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It turned out that 54% chose Michigan despite the reasonable choice being Wisconsin，because they had made a greater initial investment．”可知，54%的参与者选择密歇根之旅是为了避免更多的损失。故选A。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ 14．When does “sunk cost fallacy” occur? A．When we don't follow through our choices． B．When we attach more importance to potential gains． C．When we feel it worthwhile to invest in past decisions． D．When we emotionally stick with investment already made． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The sunk cost fallacy takes place when we let emotions cloud our decisions...Instead，we base decisions on past costs，ignoring present and future costs and benefits．”可知，当我们情绪化地坚持已经做出的投资成本时，“沉没成本谬论”就会发生。故选D。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ 15．What is the author's attitude toward “perseverance”？ A．Favorable． 　 B．Objective． C．Critical． 　 D．Unclear． B　[观点态度题。根据最后一段“No one can deny the fact that we benefit a lot from perseverance...That's a painful realisation．”可知，作者认为应该客观地看待“毅力”。故选B。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you are thinking about asking for a raise in salary，there are several things to keep in mind．First，consider whether you deserve a higher salary．　16　 Sit down and make a list of your job accomplishments．Be as specific as possible．For example，think about important projects you have worked on，things you have done to improve the organisation of work in your department，or how your efforts have brought more money to the company．Also include any professional development opportunities you have taken advantage of recently and be ready to explain how they have improved your performance on the job．　17　. Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 Bear in mind that salary levels are based not only on performance but also on the market for your particular skills．Before you ask for a raise，you need to do some research．You should investigate the industry standards for salaries for people in similar positions with similar levels of experience．　18　Your initial request should actually be slightly higher than the amount you want in order to leave some room for negotiation．Then，if you have to go lower than this amount，you still end up with something close to what you want． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 　19　 If you have recently been given new responsibilities，it makes sense to ask for a higher level of compensation(补偿)．On the other hand，if the company is going through financial difficulties，a request for more money will probably not be met with a favorable response．It would be better to wait until the company is in a better financial position． Finally，never give personal reasons for wanting a higher salary．Your need to pay your child's college tuition or buy a bigger house is of no concern to your boss．　20　 That is where you need to keep the conversation． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 A．Everyone is eager for a raise in salary． B．Skills play a key role in your salary level． C．An important point is the timing of your request． D．Then you will be better prepared when you meet with your boss． E．Your salary level should be based on professional considerations alone． F．You probably do，but you should be able to explain exactly why to your boss． G．This will help you determine what would be a reasonable amount of money to ask for． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了员工向雇主提出增加工资前应考虑的事情。 Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 16．F　[根据前文“First，consider whether you deserve a higher salary．”可知，选项应承接上文，说明这么做要向老板解释原因。故选F项。] 17．D　[根据前文“Also include any professional development opportunities you have taken advantage of recently and be ready to explain how they have improved your performance on the job．”可知，设空处应说明做到前述几项，就会有本句所说的情况出现。故选D项。] 18．G　[根据前文“You should investigate the industry standards for salaries for people in similar positions with similar levels of experience．”可知，设空处起承接上文的作用，说明这么做的作用是什么。故选G项。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 19．C　[根据后文的“if the company is going through financial difficulties，a request for more money will probably not be met with a favorable response” 可知，如果公司正经历财政困难，要求更多的钱可能不会得到一个有利的回应。本段后半部分内容从正反两方面说明提出要求增加工资时要选择恰当的时机。C项总结本段内容，点出“时机”是要求加薪的关键点之一。故选C项。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 20．E　[根据前文“Your need to pay your child's college tuition or buy a bigger house is of no concern to your boss．”可知，不要给出要求加薪的个人原因，而要基于职业方面的考虑。故选E项。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A heart-warming tale of friendship and selflessness has drawn the attention of people worldwide．In a popular video，Sarah Hallum，a nursing school student，posted her 　21　 for a kidney (肾) transplant．Little did she know，her call for help would 　22　 the eyes and heart of Savannah Stallbaumer，a 　23　 from across the Internet． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 Moved by Hallum's story，Stallbaumer 　24　 to take action．Ms Hallum wrote on social media，“I couldn't believe it when Stallbaumer first 　25　 it．In fact，I completely 　26　 her at first．I didn't expect someone who I just met should be so 　27　 to save my life—but she persisted．” After getting tested，Stallbaumer received incredible news—she was a perfect 　28　． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 Stallbaumer shared the news with Hallum 　29　 by holding up a sign that simply said，“BREAKING NEWS：You're getting a new kidney．” The 　30　 moment was shared on social media，giving us a brief insight into the power of human 　31　．Hallum expressed her deep thankfulness for Stallbaumer's selflessness，　32　 the incredible act of kindness that had taken place． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 This story is an evidence of the power of the Internet to bring people together，even in the most 　33　 ways．It also serves as a 　34　 of the enormous capacity for compassion (同情) and 　35　 that lies within us all． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Savannah Stallbaumer无私地给陌生人Sarah Hallum捐赠肾脏的感人故事。 Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ D　[根据下文“her call for help”可知，Sarah Hallum需要肾脏移植，故选D。] 21．A．ambition　　 B．ability C．charge 　 D．need Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ C　[根据下文“Moved by Hallum's story，Stallbaumer ________ to take action．”可知，Stallbaumer听说了Hallum的故事，故此处指“她的求助传到了Savannah Stallbaumer的眼睛和心里”，故选C。] 22．A．cure 　 B．replace C．reach 　 D．open Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ B　[根据“from across the Internet”可知，此处指来自互联网的陌生人，故选B。] 23．A．relative 　 B．stranger C．classmate 　 D．nurse Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ A　[根据下文“After getting tested”可知，Stallbaumer去做了配型测试，说明她决定采取行动，故选A。] 24．A．decided 　 B．hesitated C．pretended 　 D．refused Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ B　[根据上文“I couldn't believe it”可知，此处指当Stallbaumer第一次提到这件事时，Hallum简直无法相信，故选B。] 25．A．encountered 　 B．mentioned C．examined 　 D．recognised Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ C　[根据上文“I couldn't believe it”和下文“I didn't expect someone who I just met should be so ________ to save my life”可知，Hallum不相信一个陌生人真的会坚持帮助自己，故一开始她无视Stallbaumer，故选C。] 26．A．convinced 　 B．understood C．ignored 　 D．confused Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ A　[结合下文的转折“but she persisted”可知，此处指“我没想到一个刚认识的人会如此坚决地要救我的命”，故选A。] 27．A．determined 　 B．confident C．brilliant 　 D．competitive Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ D　[根据下文“You're getting a new kidney．”可知，Stallbaumer和Hallum配型成功，故选D。] 28．A．opponent 　 B．genius C．student 　 D．match Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ A　[根据下文“BREAKING NEWS：You're getting a new kidney．”和语境可知，两人配型成功，Stallbaumer兴奋地和Hallum分享了这个消息，故选A。] 29．A．excitedly 　 B．bitterly C．loosely 　 D．constantly Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ B　[上文提到Stallbaumer兴奋地和Hallum分享配型成功的好消息，故此处指这一激动人心的时刻，故选B。] 30．A．amusing 　 B．emotional C．peaceful 　 D．heartbreaking Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ C　[结合语境和下文“This story is an evidence of the power of the Internet to bring people together”可知，Hallum和Stallbaumer是陌生人，但互联网将他们连在一起，并配型成功，故此处指人与人之间的联系的力量，故选C。] 31．A．creativity 　 B．intelligence C．connection 　 D．cognition Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ D　[结合语境和空后“the incredible act of kindness that had taken place”可知，此处指“承认发生了令人难以置信的善良行为”，故选D。] 32．A．conducting 　 B．inspiring C．spreading 　 D．acknowledging Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ C　[结合上文内容可知，Hallum和Stallbaumer是陌生人，由于Hallum的移植肾脏的求助使两人相识，故此处指以意想不到的方式让人们连在一起，故选C。] 33．A．desperate 　 B．clumsy C．unexpected 　 D．unbearable Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ A　[结合上文“This story is an evidence of the power...”可知，此处是描述这个故事带给人们的启示，指“它也提醒我们，我们每个人都有巨大的表示同情和慷慨的能力”，故选A。] 34．A．reminder 　 B．reward C．memory 　 D．reliever Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 √ B　[空处和“compassion”并列，结合Stallbaumer将肾脏移植给陌生人可知，此处指“我们每个人都有巨大的表示同情和慷慨的能力”，故选B。] 35．A．honesty 　 B．generosity C．courage 　 D．patience Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Chinese culture，long noodles are thought to symbolize long life，which 36．_____________ (become) part of the culture and history of longevity noodles and has been documented for more than 2，000 years． has become Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 In northern China，noodles are a popular Lunar New Year custom，where the traditional custom is 37．________ (have) dumplings on the first day and noodles on the second day．In other places，people don't have longevity noodles during Lunar New Year，but they do make a bowl of dalumian，northern-style 38．_______ (boil) noodles with cut-up meat，mushrooms and an egg，39．____ longevity noodles for their family's birthday． to have boiled as Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 In North America，longevity noodles，no matter which type，are a popular Lunar New Year dish among Chinese 40．____________________ (community)．This shouldn't come as a surprise，given the huge size of the country and its many 41．_____________ (region) cuisines and traditions．As for why many Chinese Americans 42．________ (main) associate the tradition with Lunar New Year，it 43．___________ (believe) that when people are away from their ancestral roots，they may not feel their identity for the rest of the year，44．___________ during festivals，the love for their culture would explode．As 45．_____ result，the degree of continuity and symbolism of one's culture in an overseas community often goes beyond that of the local． communities regional mainly is believed but/while a Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。 文章介绍了吃面条在中国文化和习俗中的象征意义。 Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 36．has become　[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处为which引导的定语从句中的谓语，与“has been documented”并列，时态与其一致，所以空处的时态为现在完成时，主语which代指前面的句子，看作单数，助动词用has。故填has become。] 37．to have　[考查非谓语动词。空处对主语custom进行具体说明，应用不定式作表语。故填to have。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 38．boiled　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处在句中作定语，动词boil与名词noodles之间为被动关系，所以此处用过去分词，意为“被煮熟的面条”。故填boiled。] 39．as　[考查介词。根据语境可知，这里指“作为”，介词as“当作，作为”符合题意。故填as。] 40．communities　[考查名词复数。among “在……中”，为介词，通常指在三者及三者以上的人、物或群体中，所以此处用名词复数communities。故填communities。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 41．regional　[考查词性转换。空处在句中作定语，修饰名词cuisines and traditions，所以应用形容词regional。故填regional。] 42．mainly　[考查词性转换。空处在句中作状语，修饰动词associate，所以应用副词mainly。故填mainly。] 43．is believed　[考查固定句式。根据上下文语境可知，空处用一般现在时，此处表示“人们相信……”应用“It is believed that...”。故填is believed。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 44．but/while　[考查连词。根据上文“when people are away from their ancestral roots，they may not feel their identity for the rest of the year”及下文“during festivals，the love for their culture would explode”可知，上下文为转折关系，因此此处用连词but/while。故填but/while。] 45．a　[考查冠词。固定短语as a result意为“结果”。故填a。] Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是李华，你在网上看到一个帖子：英国青少年Eric正在寻找一名中国高中生作为学习中文的伙伴。你对此感兴趣，请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1．写信目的； 2．你的优势； 3．你的期待。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 Dear Eric， __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 [参考范文] Dear Eric， I am Li Hua，a Chinese high school student．Learning that you are looking for an English learner whose native language is Chinese，I am writing to express my wish to become your language partner． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 Firstly，having studied English for years，I can understand you better culturally and make sure we communicate smoothly．Secondly，I have a wide range of interests and a good knowledge of Chinese．So there are lots of topics which we can talk about，especially those related to Chinese language learning． I hope we can be helpful to each other．Looking forward to your early reply． Yours， Li Hua Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When Cassandra Ridder picked up her son Brody from school，the boy wasn't his usual happy-go-lucky self． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 Cassandra said that the sixth graders didn't want to talk about his day and only wanted to listen to music．To lighten his mood，she asked him about his yearbook (毕业纪念册)．Earlier that day，the mum had received an email，informing parents that students would be bringing their class yearbooks home．She was curious if Brody got lots of signatures． But when she brought it up，her son got really sad．He said，“No，Mum，no one really signed my yearbook．I asked people and they either told me no or that they would do it later，and that they were too busy for me．” Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 When Brody handed over his yearbook，Cassandra's heart sank．The page was almost empty，except for a couple of messages from his teachers and two students' names．To fill in the space，Brody had written a note to himself that read “Hope you make some more friends”，and had signed his own name． “I tried to make him feel better，” said Cassandra．“I told him that it might have just been a busy day，and to give people the benefit of the doubt．I told him that things will get better and to stay positive，and that no matter what，I would always be his friend．” Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 Upon discovering what happened with Brody's yearbook，Cassandra decided to do something．That night，she wrote a post on the Internet for parents．She wanted to let the other parents know this was happening at school and remind them they should talk to their kids about being kind to one another． “My poor son feel sad．Despite Brody's asking all kinds of kids to sign it，two teachers and a total of two students wrote in his yearbook，” her post read． So Brody took it upon himself to write to himself．My heart is broken． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Cassandra didn't expect too much from the post． __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 The headmaster Mr Rudd also knew of Brody's story． __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 [参考范文] Cassandra didn't expect too much from the post． But the next day，she received an unexpected text from Brody．Brody told her that he had messages from all sixth graders and even eleventh graders．They all promised to supporthim and signed encouraging words to him．The students who had previously refused to write in his yearbook were suddenly “lining up” to sign their names and write their messages． Some even left their phone numbers for him to contact them．He was deeply touched and felt it was the best day ever． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 The headmaster Mr Rudd also knew of Brody's story． He sent Brody a sweet note and a gift．The note read，“Dear Brody，it was great to talk to you the other day．It's important to remember that things will get better even when life is tough．There are so many people that love you and think you're the coolest kid．I'm one of them! I can't wait to see all the amazing things you're going to accomplish．” With all happened，Brody feels more confident now and is already talking about how excited he is for the seventh grade． Period　单元回顾 默写背诵 单元综合检测 $