Unit 9 Section Ⅱ Period 4 课时学案 单元语法讲练-【名师导航】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第三册教师用书word（北师大版）

本讲义聚焦短语动词的三种核心结构（动词+副词、动词+介词、动词+副词+介词），系统梳理每种结构的语法特点，如动词+副词中代词宾语需位于动副之间、名词宾语可灵活放置，动词+介词及动词+副词+介词的宾语均需置于介词之后。通过“定义阐释+典型例句+名师点津+即时训练”的学习支架，从基础规则理解到单句应用，再到短文语境填空的综合运用，构建递进式知识脉络。 资料亮点在于以核心素养为导向，通过多样化练习提升语言能力，如即时训练强化单句应用，短文语境填空实现语用迁移；对比分析三种结构的宾语位置规则，培养学生精准辨析的思维品质；课时提升作业涵盖单词拼写、阅读理解、完形填空等模块，分层巩固学习效果。课中辅助教师高效讲解语法规则，课后助力学生通过系统练习查漏补缺，全面夯实短语动词应用能力。

Period 4　 单元语法讲练 短语动词(2) 英语中有相当一部分动词后接副词或介词，或副词加介词，这些搭配构成短语动词。短语动词有以下几种形式： 一、动词＋副词 此类短语动词有两个特点：1．不及物动词短语，不带宾语；2．及物动词短语，需带宾语。 The war broke out 30 years ago． 这场战争爆发于三十年前。 I can't make out your meaning． 我不明白你的意思。 [名师点津]　作为此类短语动词的宾语，代词只能位于动词和副词之间；名词可以位于动词和副词之间，也可以在副词之后。另外，宾语较长时，通常放在副词之后。 He brought me back in his car． 他开车送我回来。 Please bring all library books back by the end of the week．＝Please bring back all library books by the end of the week． 请在这周末前把图书馆的书全部归还。 She tore up all the letters he had sent her． 她把他寄给她的信都撕碎了。 [即时训练1]　单句语法填空 ①Tom kept talking so I kicked him under the table to shut him up． ②I don't want to make supper；shall we eat out tonight? ③I can't make out what he wants． 二、动词＋介词 此类短语动词是及物动词短语，所带的宾语无论是代词还是名词，一律要放在介词之后。 I didn't really take to him． 我过去对他不是很有好感。 We're listening to music． 我们在听音乐。 [即时训练2]　单句语法填空 ①I ran into him on the street yesterday． ②The great majority of people seem to agree with this view． ③The company I work for went through a rough time． 三、动词＋副词＋介词 此类短语动词是及物动词短语，作宾语的代词或名词都位于介词之后。 Go on ahead! I'll catch up with you． 你先走！我随后赶上你。 You should not look down on people who haven't been to college． 你不应该瞧不起没上过大学的人。 [即时训练3]　单句语法填空 ①They looked forward to seeing him again． ②The old man often looks back on his childhood． ③After all the delays，we were anxious to make up for lost time． 短文语境填空 The day began with a bang as I took 1．up a new project at work．It was a daunting task，but I was determined to look 2．into every detail and make it a success．As I went 3．through the initial stages，I came 4．across several obstacles，but I persevered and eventually came up 5．with a plan to overcome them． Unfortunately，my plan was interrupted when my car turned 6．up with a flat tire．Frustrated，I put 7．off the project temporarily and focused on getting the car fixed．It was a stressful situation，but I held 8．on and managed to get it sorted out． Later，I called at a friend's house to discuss the project．We brainstormed and brought up new ideas that could help us move forward．Despite the earlier setbacks，our corporation broke 9．down the remaining barriers． By the end of the day，I had not only got 10．over the initial challenges but also made significant progress on the project．It was a day filled with ups and downs，but I emerged stronger and more determined than ever． 课时提升作业(八) (UNIT 9　Section Ⅱ　LESSON 2 & LESSON 3) (总分：55分) Ⅰ．单词拼写(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 1．Try to avoid foods which contain (包含) a lot of fat． 2．That city is located (位于) in the central part of China． 3．Obesity is a major risk factor (因素) for heart disease． 4．Try to estimate (估计) how many steps it will take to get to a close object． 5．I grew bored and actually (实际上) fell asleep for a few minutes． Ⅱ．选词填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) consist of；as long as；as opposed to；result in；come up with 1．The operation，which spanned nine countries，resulted in the arrest of 200 people． 2．As opposed to last year，his income of this year is small． 3．My breakfast consists of bread，jam and milk． 4．They'll respect you as long as you behave honestly． 5．She came up with a new idea for increasing sales at the meeting yesterday． Ⅲ．阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分) In a study published in Nature Machine Intelligence，researchers at Ohio State University show how artificial intelligence (AI) can follow clinical trials to identify drugs for repurposing，a solution that can help advance innovative treatments． Repurposing drugs is legal and not unusual．When doctors prescribe drugs that have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for purposes different from what is printed on the labels，the drugs are being used “off-label”．Just because a drug is FDA-approved for a specific type of disease does not prevent it from having possible benefits for other purposes． For example，Metformin，a drug that is FDA-approved for treating type 2 diabetes，is also used to treat PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome，a disease of women)，and other diseases．Trazodone，an anti-depressant with FDA-approval to treat depression，is also prescribed by doctors to help treat patients with sleep issues． The Ohio State University research team created an AI deep learning model for predicting treatment probability with patient data including the treatment，outcomes，and potential confounders (干扰因素)． Confounders are related to the exposure and outcome．For example，a connection is identified between music festivals and increases in skin rashes (皮疹)．Music festivals do not directly cause skin rashes．In this case，one possible confounding factor between the two may be outdoor heat，as music festivals tend to run outdoors when the temperature is high，and heat is a known cause for rashes．When working with real-world data，confounders could number in the thousands．AI deep learning is well-suited to find patterns in the complexity of potentially thousands of confounders． The researcher team used confounders including population data and co-prescribed drugs．With this proof-of-concept，now clinicians have a powerful AI tool to rapidly discover new treatments by repurposing existing medications． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了俄亥俄州立大学的研究人员通过人工智能深度学习模型，识别已批准药物的新用途，并分析了干扰因素在此过程中的重要性。 1．What do we know about a drug used off-label? A．It is sold without a label． B．It is available at a low price． C．Its uses extend beyond the original． D．Its clinical trials are rejected by doctors． C　[推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容可推断，“标示外”药物的用途超出了原来的用途范围。故选C。] 2．What do Metformin and Trazodone have in common? A．They are used off-label． B．They treat rare diseases． C．They result in sleep issues． D．They are medical breakthroughs． A　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段的最后一句和第三段内容可知，二甲双胍和曲唑酮的共同之处是这两种药物都在适应症外被使用。故选A。] 3．What can be inferred about “confounders”？ A．They are possible treatments． B．They are environmental factors． C．They can be easily recognised in data． D．They should be taken into consideration． D　[推理判断题。根据文章第五段的最后一句可推断，干扰因素必须被重视，因此，应该被考虑进去。故选D。] 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．AI examines benefits of existing drugs． B．AI identifies off-label uses for drugs． C．AI proves the power of drug research． D．AI finds new drugs for common diseases． B　[主旨大意题。根据文章第一段内容并结合下文内容可知，文章主要讲述人工智能识别药物说明书外的用途。故选B。] Ⅳ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) Nowadays robots can not only talk and dance，but also answer your questions in English．They are “　1　”．The following is the first China-made “beauty” 　2　． A new 168 cm high “beauty” robot who has not yet been 　3　looks wonderful in a red wedding 　4　．She can act as a tour guide，a receptionist，or a hostess． Her face 　5　the beautiful facial characteristics of many girls．And her eyes can move． “The robot is the first human simulation (仿真) one in China，and she is 　6　with the most advanced voice and movement control technologies and can communicate with humans，” said Li Chengrong，chief 　7　of the robot，who works for the Institute of Automation，Chinese Academy of Sciences．“She replies ‘　8　’ if you praise her by saying ‘You are so pretty’．” The sentences that the robot can understand and say are 　9　at present．“We will improve her in the future，to make her talk 　10　with human beings，” Li said． Since the “beauty” will 　11　a receptionist and tour guide in Sichuan Science Museum，she has been programmed to 　12　 the southwestern dialect that is popular in inland Sichuan Province． Li said the lab 　13　 for designing and making the robot was 300，000 yuan．The robot is equipped with interactive technologies．It is 　14　to the most advanced robot in the world—Asimo，15　by Japanese auto-maker Honda． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍的是中国制造的首款“美女”机器人的相关情况。 1．A．receptionists　 B．hostesses C．beauties 　 D．guides C　[根据下文“A new 168 cm high ‘beauty’ robot”可知，她们是“美女”机器人。故选C。] 2．A．robot 　 B．figure C．carpet 　 D．fingernail A　[根据下文“A new 168 cm high ‘beauty’ robot”可知，以下要介绍的是中国制造的首款“美女”机器人。故选A。] 3．A．invented 　 B．designed C．made 　 D．named D　[根据上文“A new 168 cm high ‘beauty’ robot who has not yet been”和下文并没有出现机器人的名字可知，这个机器人还没有被命名。故选D。] 4．A．dress 　 B．clothes C．shoes 　 D．skirt A　[根据上文“a red wedding”可知，这个美女机器人穿着红色婚纱，wedding dress意为“婚纱”。故选A。] 5．A．contains 　 B．includes C．connects 　 D．combines D　[根据下文“the beautiful facial characteristics of many girls”可知，她的脸融合了许多女孩美丽的面部特征，空格处是“结合”。故选D。] 6．A．desired 　 B．piled C．equipped 　 D．crowded C　[根据下文“with the most advanced voice and movement control technologies”可知，这个机器人配备了最先进的语音和运动控制技术。故选C。] 7．A．designer 　 B．declarer C．buyer 　 D．haircutter A　[根据下文“works for the Institute of Automation，Chinese Academy of Sciences”可知，Li Chengrong是这个机器人的总设计师。故选A。] 8．A．Go ahead 　 B．Thank you C．Sorry 　 D．With pleasure B　[根据下文“if you praise her”可知，如果你称赞她，她肯定要说“谢谢”。故选B。] 9．A．developed 　 B．complicated C．limited 　 D．improved C　[根据下文“We will improve her in the future．”可知，目前机器人能理解和说出的句子是有限的。故选C。] 10．A．happily 　 B．slowly C．particularly 　 D．freely D　[根据上文“We will improve her”可知，设计师们会改进她，使她能够自由地与人类交谈。故选D。] 11．A．work as 　 B．work on C．work for 　 D．work out A　[由于这位“美女”将在四川科学博物馆担任接待员和导游，她被设定说四川省内陆流行的西南方言。故选A。] 12．A．study 　 B．speak C．ignore 　 D．understand B　[根据下文“the southwestern dialect”可知，是指这个机器人被设定说西南方言。故选B。] 13．A．pay 　 B．price C．cost 　 D．research C　[李说，设计和制造机器人的实验室成本是30万元人民币。故选C。] 14．A．familiar 　 B．similar C．opposite 　 D．reasonable B　[根据下文“to the most advanced robot in the world”可知，它与日本本田汽车制造公司生产的世界上最先进的机器人Asimo相似。故选B。] 15．A．produced 　 B．analysed C．assessed 　 D．tested A　[它与日本本田汽车制造公司生产的世界上最先进的机器人Asimo相似。故选A。] Ⅴ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) Children are naturally curious beings，but getting them 1．________(learn) something that they aren't interested in can be a difficult task．Teachers and parents often find themselves 2．________ (turn) to rewards in the form of stars，promises of high grades and wonderful 3．________ (career)，or threats of punishment．But what if rewards and threats aren't the answer? Natural curiosity is 4．________ (normal) referred to as an “intrinsic (内在的) motivation” sometimes．Lately studies 5．________ (find) that children who see learning 6．________ fun and important are better at it．And it's easy to understand why—7．________ is difficult to study something we aren't engaged with，and if we're enthusiastic about the information we're learning，it feels more meaningful． Extrinsic (外在的) motivation is really 8．________ (benefit)．Praise and stimulation based on either achieving good grades 9．________ fear of punishment have been acknowledged to motivate older students．However，it seems that at an early age，it doesn't have as much effect． The key is to allow some degree of autonomy and 10．______ (free)．If you want to teach a child to read，let them choose which book they use．Whether it's a graphic novel，TV guide or classic literature—the aim of stimulating their appetite for reading is met． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章认为儿童天生好奇，但是让他们学习不感兴趣的东西可能是一项艰巨的任务。我们应培养孩子的内在学习动机，让他们对正在学习的信息充满热情。 1．to learn　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，空白处在句中作宾补，使用非谓语动词，get sb． to do sth．为固定短语，意为“让某人做某事”，符合句意，所以空白处应填动词不定式的一般式。故填to learn。] 2．turning　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，空白处在句中作宾补，使用非谓语动词，因与其主语themselves之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应使用动词-ing形式。故填turning。] 3．careers　[考查名词复数。分析句子结构，空白处在句中作宾语，故应使用名词，又因空白处表示的是一个数目不确定的名词，故应使用名词的复数形式。故填careers。] 4．normally　[考查副词。分析句子结构，空白处在句中作状语，使用副词。故填normally。] 5．have found　[考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空白处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语“Lately”可知，句子表达的是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，谓语动词应用现在完成时，又因主语为复数，故谓语动词用复数形式。故填have found。] 6．as　[考查介词。“see sth． as＋形容词”为固定短语，意为“认为某物……”，符合句意。故填as。] 7．it　[考查代词。分析句子结构并根据下文“to study something we aren't engaged with”可知，空白处为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式短语。故填it。] 8．beneficial　[考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空白处在句中作表语，应用形容词。故填beneficial。] 9．or　[考查连词。根据上文“achieving good grades”以及“fear of punishment”可知，上下文之间为选择关系，且“either...or...”为固定短语，意为“要么……要么……”，应使用表示选择关系的连词or。故填or。] 10．freedom　[考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空白处在句中作宾语，应使用名词，又因空白处表达的是抽象含义的名词，故应用名词原形。故填freedom。] 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $