Unit 3 Same or Different 语法专项讲练-2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语上册

该初中英语语法专项讲练清单全面梳理了形容词和副词比较级的核心知识，涵盖定义、构成规则（含规则与不规则变化）、七大核心用法及配套巩固练习，为学生搭建了从“规则记忆”到“用法应用”再到“综合练习”的递进式学习支架。 清单采用“分类讲解+实例示范+分层训练”的方式呈现知识体系，如将不规则变化标注“需特殊记忆”并配对比示例，用法部分用“结构公式+语境例句”解析，培养学生的语言能力和思维品质。特别设计“四类梯度练习”（单项选择到补全对话）和“核心结构口诀”（如“越来越……”结构口诀），不同基础学生可高效掌握，教师可据此设计分层教学，提升课堂实效。

Unit 3 Same or Different语法专项讲练人教版八年级英语上册 一、语法核心知识点 （一）定义 形容词和副词的比较级用于比较两个人或事物之间性质、特征或动作程度的差异，清晰表达一方在某方面比另一方更具特质或程度更高。 （二）比较级构成规则 1. 规则变化 ①一般情况：直接加 -er（例：tall → taller；fast → faster） ②以不发音的 e 结尾：加 -r（例：nice → nicer；late → later） ③以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾：变 y 为 i 加 -er（例：happy → happier；early → earlier） ④重读闭音节（末尾只有一个辅音字母）：双写辅音字母加 -er（例：big → bigger；hot → hotter；thin → thinner；fat → fatter） ⑤部分双音节和多音节词：加 more（例：outgoing → more outgoing；beautiful → more beautiful；seriously → more seriously） 2. 不规则变化（需特殊记忆） good /well → better（更好的 / 好地） bad /badly/ill → worse（更坏的 / 坏地） many /much → more（更多的） little → less（更少的） far → farther（更远的，侧重距离）/further（更远的，侧重程度） old → older（更年长的）/elder（更年长的，侧重辈分） （三）核心用法 1. 两者之间比较 基本结构：A + be 动词 / 实义动词 + 比较级 + than + B 例：Tom is taller than his brother.（汤姆比他弟弟高。）； She sings better than me.（她唱歌比我好。） 2. 两者之间选择 结构：Which/Who is + 比较级，A or B? 例：Who runs faster, Lucy or Lily?（露西和莉莉谁跑得更快？） 3. 两者之间较…… 之一 结构：the + 比较级（of the two） 例：He is the smarter of the two boys.（他是两个男孩中较聪明的那个。） 4. 越来越…… 单音节 / 部分双音节词：比较级 + and + 比较级 例：The water is getting warmer and warmer.（水变得越来越暖和。） 多音节 / 部分双音节词：more and more + 原级 例：She is becoming more and more confident.（她变得越来越自信。） 5. 越…… 越…… 结构：the + 比较级，the + 比较级 例：The harder you study, the better grades you will get.（你学习越努力，成绩就会越好。） 6. 修饰比较级 常用修饰词：much（…… 得多）、a little（一点儿）、even（甚至）、far（…… 得多） 例：This book is much more interesting than that one.（这本书比那本有趣得多。）； He is a little taller than me.（他比我高一点儿。） 7. 同级比较 表示 “和…… 一样”：as + 原级 + as 例：She is as careful as her sister.（她和她姐姐一样细心。） 表示 “不如……”：not as/so + 原级 + as 例：This pen is not as good as that one.（这支笔不如那支好。） 二、巩固练习 练习一：单项选择 1.Peter is ______ than his classmate. He always shares his things with others. A. generous B. more generous C. the most generous 2.— Is this movie ______ than the one we watched last week? — Yes, it’s much more exciting. A. interesting B. more interesting C. the most interesting 3.My mother cooks ______ than my father. Everyone likes her food. A. well B. better C. best 4.— Who walks ______, Tom or Jerry? — Tom. He is slower than Jerry. A. more slowly B. slowly C. slowlier 5.The air in the countryside is ______ than that in the city. A. fresh B. fresher C. the freshest 6.Lily studies ______ than before, so her grades have improved a lot. A. hard B. harder C. hardest 7.This skirt is ______ than the red one. I want to buy the cheaper one. A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest 8.— Is your brother ______ than you? — No, he is as tall as me. A. taller B. tall C. the tallest 9.She sings ______ than any other student in her class. She is the best singer. A. more beautifully B. beautifully C. most beautifully 10.The weather is getting ______ as winter comes. A. cold and cold B. colder and colder C. more and more cold 练习二：用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.This storybook is ______ (interesting) than the science book. 2.My sister runs ______ (fast) than me because she practices every day. 3.He is ______ (happy) today than yesterday because he got a good grade. 4.The math problem is ______ (difficult) than the English one. 5.She speaks English ______ (fluent) than her brother. 6.This park is ______ (clean) than the one near my home. 7.My father is ______ (busy) than my mother these days. 8.The little girl is ______ (quiet) than her brother. 9.He drives ______ (carefully) than his friend. 10.This apple is ______ (good) than that one. It’s sweeter. 练习三：根据汉语提示完成句子 1.我的朋友比我更外向。My friend is ______ ______ than me. 2.这个书包比那个更重。This schoolbag is ______ than that one. 3.她跳舞比她妹妹更好。She dances ______ than her sister. 4.北京的夏天比昆明更热。Summer in Beijing is ______ than that in Kunming. 5.他写作业比我更认真。He does his homework ______ ______ than me. 6.这本书不如那本书有用。This book is not ______ ______ ______ that one. 7.越锻炼，你就越健康。______ ______ you exercise, ______ ______ you will be. 8.这个城市变得越来越美丽了。This city is becoming ______ ______ ______ beautiful. 9.她是两个女孩中较高的那个。She is ______ ______ of the two girls. 10.他比我大两岁。He is two years ______ than me. 练习四：句型转换 1.Tom is tall. Jim is taller.（合并为一句） Jim is ______ ______ Tom. 2.She runs fast. Her sister runs faster.（合并为一句） Her sister runs ______ ______ her. 3.This shirt is cheap. That shirt is cheaper.（合并为一句） That shirt is ______ ______ this one. 4.He is as old as his cousin.（改为否定句） He is not ______ ______ ______ his cousin. 5.She sings beautifully. He sings more beautifully.（合并为一句） He sings ______ ______ ______ her. 6.My mother is busy. My father is busier.（合并为一句） My father is ______ ______ my mother. 7.This movie is interesting. That movie is more interesting.（合并为选择疑问句） Which movie is ______, this one ______ that one? 8.He studies hard. She studies harder.（合并为一句） She studies ______ ______ him. 9.The river is long. The lake is longer.（合并为一句） The lake is ______ ______ the river. 10.Lucy is careful. Lily is more careful.（合并为一句） Lily is ______ ______ ______ Lucy. 练习五：补全对话 A: Hi, Mary! I haven’t seen you for a long time. You look different now. B: Hi, Tom! Yes, I’ve changed a lot. A: You are ______ (thin) than before. Did you lose weight? B: Yes. I exercise every day. I think exercising is ______ (good) than staying at home. A: You’re right. Do you exercise more ______ (often) than before? B: Yes. I go running every morning. It’s ______ (easy) than I thought. A: How about your study? Did you get ______ (good) grades than last term? B: Yes. I study ______ (hard) than before. My math is ______ (good) now. What about you? A: I’m not as ______ (good) at math as you. I need to study ______ (carefully) than before. B: Don’t worry. If you study ______ (hard), you will get better grades. A: Thank you. I will try my best. 三、参考答案 练习一：单项选择 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.A 9.A 10.B 练习二：用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.more interesting 2. faster 3. happier 4. more difficult 5. more fluently 6.cleaner 7. busier 8. quieter 9. more carefully 10. better 练习三：根据汉语提示完成句子 1.more outgoing 2. heavier 3. better 4. hotter 5. more carefully 6.as/so useful as 7. The more; the healthier 8. more and more 9. the taller 10. older 练习四：句型转换 1.taller than 2. faster than 3. cheaper than 4. as/so old as 5. more beautifully than 6.busier than 7. more interesting; or 8. harder than 9. longer than 10. more careful than 练习五：补全对话 1.thinner 2. better 3. often 4. easier 5. better 6.harder 7. better 8. good 9. more carefully 10. harder 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $