Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! 语法讲练-2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语上册

该初中英语Unit 5语法讲练知识清单系统梳理了副词顺序和感叹句两大核心语法点，涵盖顺序副词（first/next等）用法及what/how引导感叹句的结构、功能与转换，搭建从基础用法解析到实例应用的递进式学习支架。 清单采用“功能定位+实例解析”呈现副词顺序（如first标注“起始操作”配蔬菜沙拉制作例句），“结构分类+转换对比”梳理感叹句（what强调名词与how强调形容词的转换示例），培养学生语言能力。练习设计分层，从单项选择到写作任务，融入祈使句动词原形提示等应用指导，提升学习能力。特别标注what感叹句中a/an的选择规则（如delicious前用a），助力不同学生高效掌握，教师可据此设计针对性教学活动，增强课堂实效。

Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! 语法讲练人教版八年级英语上册 一、语法核心知识点 （一）副词的顺序 在描述烹饪步骤、手工制作或日常事务等一系列连续动作时，使用表示顺序的副词能让表达更有条理，清晰呈现动作的先后逻辑。常见的顺序副词及用法如下： 1.first（首先） 用于引出一系列动作中的第一步，强调 “起始操作”。 例：First, wash the vegetables under running water. （首先，用流动的水清洗蔬菜。）—— 此句中 “洗蔬菜” 是制作蔬菜沙拉的初始步骤。 2.next（接下来） 承接第一步动作，指 “紧接着要做的事”，衔接前后步骤的关联性。 例：Next, cut the washed vegetables into small pieces. （接下来，把洗好的蔬菜切成小块。）——“切蔬菜” 是 “洗蔬菜” 之后的连贯操作。 3.then（然后） 表示在已有动作之后发生的步骤，可用于多个中间环节，灵活性较强。 例：Then, put the vegetable pieces into a bowl and add some salad sauce. （然后，把蔬菜块放进碗里，加一些沙拉酱。）—— 连接 “切蔬菜” 与 “调味” 两个中间步骤。 4.after that（在那之后） 特指 “前面某一具体动作完成后” 的步骤，语气比 then 更强调 “时间先后间隔”。 例：After that, mix the vegetables and sauce together with a spoon. （在那之后，用勺子把蔬菜和沙拉酱搅拌均匀。）—— 明确 “搅拌” 是 “加沙拉酱” 之后的操作。 5.finally（最后） 用于引出一系列动作的 “收尾步骤”，标志整个流程的结束。 例：Finally, put the salad on a nice plate and serve.（ 最后，把沙拉盛到漂亮的盘子里端上桌。）——“装盘上桌” 是制作沙拉的最终步骤。 （二）感叹句 感叹句用于表达强烈的情感，如惊喜、赞美、惊讶、不满等，在 Unit 5 中主要学习由what和how引导的两种感叹句，核心是通过结构突出强调的内容。 1. what 引导的感叹句 核心功能：重点强调 “名词”，通过形容词修饰名词，突出事物的特征。 构成形式： ① 修饰可数名词单数：What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + (主语 + 谓语)! 例：What a delicious cake (it is)!（多么美味的蛋糕啊！）——“a delicious cake” 是 “形容词 + 可数名词单数” 结构，it is 可省略。 ② 修饰可数名词复数：What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 + (主语 + 谓语)! 例：What fresh strawberries (they are)!（多么新鲜的草莓啊！）——“fresh strawberries” 是 “形容词 + 可数名词复数” 结构，they are 可省略。 ③ 修饰不可数名词：What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)! 例：What sweet juice (it is)!（多么甜的果汁啊！）——“sweet juice” 是 “形容词 + 不可数名词” 结构，it is 可省略。 注意：a/an 的选择取决于形容词开头的发音 —— 元音音素开头用 an（如 an interesting story），辅音音素开头用 a（如 a lovely day）。 2. how 引导的感叹句 核心功能：重点强调 “形容词” 或 “副词”，通过描述事物的性质或动作的状态传递情感。 构成形式： ① 修饰形容词：How + 形容词 + (主语 + 谓语)! 例：How soft the bread is!（这面包多么软啊！）—— 强调面包 “软” 的性质，主语 the bread 和谓语 is 不可省略（若主语是代词，主谓可简化，如 How happy you are!）。 ② 修饰副词：How + 副词 + (主语 + 谓语)! 例：How quickly she cooks!（她做饭多么快啊！）—— 强调 “做饭” 这个动作 “快” 的状态，“quickly” 是副词，修饰动词 cooks。 3. 两种感叹句的转换 部分情况下，what 和 how 引导的感叹句可相互转换，只需调整结构，保持句意不变。 例：This is a beautiful dress.（这是一条漂亮的裙子。） → What a beautiful dress (it is)!（what 引导，强调名词 dress） → How beautiful the dress is!（how 引导，强调形容词 beautiful） 二、巩固练习 练习一：单项选择 1.______ tasty the noodles are! I want to have another bowl. A. What B. How C. What a 2.______ interesting cooking class we had yesterday! Everyone enjoyed it. A. What an B. How C. What 3.______ fast Tom learns to make dumplings! He can make 10 in 5 minutes now. A. What B. What a C. How 4.______ fresh vegetables your mom bought! They look so green. A. What a B. How C. What 5.______ lovely day it is today! Let's go to the park and have a picnic. A. How B. What a C. What 6.______ well Lucy sings! She should join the school music club. A. What B. How C. What an 7.______ exciting news it is! Our class won the cooking competition. A. What B. How C. What a 8.______ cute cat it is! It always sits beside the kitchen when we cook. A. How B. What a C. What 9.______ hot the soup is! Let's wait for 5 minutes before drinking. A. What B. How C. What an 10.______ fun we had making fruit salad together! A. What a B. How C. What 练习二：用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.First, ______ (wash) the apples and peel them.（提示：祈使句用动词原形） 2.Next, ______ (cut) the peeled apples into small cubes. 3.Then, ______ (put) the apple cubes into a glass bowl. 4.After that, ______ (add) some yogurt and honey to the bowl. 5.Finally, ______ (mix) all the ingredients well with a spoon. 6.______ (be) careful when you use the knife to cut vegetables. 7.What ______ (a/an) delicious hamburger it is!（提示：delicious 以辅音音素开头） 8.How ______ (quick) she makes milk shake! She only takes 2 minutes. 9.What ______ (love) children they are! They help their mom set the table. 10.How ______ (beauty) the cake looks! It has many colorful fruits on top. 练习三：按要求完成句子 1.It's a very tasty hamburger.（改为 what 引导的感叹句） ______ ______ ______ hamburger it is! 2.The soup smells very nice.（改为 how 引导的感叹句） ______ ______ the soup smells! 3.He cooks very carefully.（改为 how 引导的感叹句） ______ ______ he cooks! 4.These are very fresh tomatoes.（改为 what 引导的感叹句） ______ ______ tomatoes these are! 5.It's an interesting story about cooking.（改为 what 引导的感叹句） ______ ______ ______ story about cooking it is! 6.The bread is very soft.（改为 how 引导的感叹句） ______ ______ the bread is! 7.She runs very fast to buy some sugar.（改为 how 引导的感叹句） ______ ______ she runs to buy some sugar! 8.It's very sweet juice.（改为 what 引导的感叹句） ______ ______ juice it is! 9.They are very lovely dogs.（改为 what 引导的感叹句） ______ ______ dogs they are! 10.The cook works very hard.（改为 how 引导的感叹句） ______ ______ the cook works! 练习四：阅读理解 阅读短文，根据短文内容完成题目（选择题 + 填空题）。 Making Fruit Smoothie Making a fruit smoothie is easy and fun. It only takes 5 steps. First, prepare your favorite fruits. You can choose bananas, strawberries, mangoes or apples. Remember to wash the fruits first—this is important for health. Next, peel the fruits if needed. For example, you need to peel bananas and mangoes, but you don't need to peel strawberries. Then, cut the fruits into small pieces. Small pieces can make the smoothie mix better. After that, put the fruit pieces and a cup of milk into a blender. Turn on the blender and mix for about 1 minute. Finally, pour the smoothie into a tall glass. You can add a small umbrella on top to make it look nice. Now, your delicious fruit smoothie is ready to drink! ㈠选择题（5 小题） 1.What is the first step to make a fruit smoothie? A. Peel the fruits. B. Prepare and wash the fruits. C. Cut the fruits into pieces. 2.Which fruit doesn't need to be peeled? A. Bananas. B. Strawberries. C. Mangoes. 3.How long do we need to mix the ingredients in the blender? A. About 1 minute. B. About 2 minutes. C. About 5 minutes. 4.What do we put into the blender besides fruit pieces? A. A cup of juice. B. A cup of milk. C. A cup of water. 5.What can we do to make the smoothie look nice? A. Add some honey. B. Use a small bowl. C. Add a small umbrella. ㈡填空题（5 小题，用顺序副词 first/next/then/after that/finally 填空） 1.______, prepare and wash your favorite fruits. 2.______, peel the fruits if needed. 3.______, cut the fruits into small pieces. 4.______, put the fruit pieces and milk into a blender and mix. 5.______, pour the smoothie into a glass and decorate it. 练习五：写作 以 “How to Make My Favorite Fruit Salad” 为题，介绍制作你最喜欢的水果沙拉的步骤，要求使用表示顺序的副词（first, next, then, after that, finally），词数 80 左右。 参考答案 练习一：单项选择 1.B 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. C 练习二：用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.wash 2. cut 3. put 4. add 5. mix 6. Be 7. a 8. quickly 9. lovely 10. beautiful 练习三：按要求完成句子 1.What a tasty 2. How nice 3. How carefully 4. What fresh 5. What an interesting 6. How soft 7. How fast 8. What sweet 9. What lovely 10. How hard 练习四：阅读理解 ㈠选择题 1.B 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C ㈡填空题 1.First 7. Next 8. Then 9. After that 10. Finally 练习五：写作（参考范文） How to Make My Favorite Fruit Salad My favorite fruit salad is made with apples, grapes and oranges. It's easy to make. First, wash the apples, grapes and oranges under running water. Next, peel the apples and oranges, then cut them into small pieces. After that, put all the fruit pieces and the grapes into a big bowl. Add a little yogurt and mix them well. Finally, put the salad in the fridge for 10 minutes to make it cooler. Now, the delicious fruit salad is ready. I love eating it in summer! 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $