单元测评12 Unit 3 Conservation（Word练习）-【金版新学案】2026年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（北师大版）

单元测评12　Unit 3　Conservation (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) A卷 (限时：35分钟　满分：47.5分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·山东省日照市高三一模) Sri Nihal Tammana，age 13，of Edison，New Jersey，was named a winner of the 2022 Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes.The Barron Prize annually honors 25 outstanding young leaders who have made a significant positive impact on people，their communities，and the environment. Nihal founded Recycle My Battery to promote and facilitate the recycling of used batteries.His non-profit places free battery recycling bins(箱子)and educates young people and adults about battery recycling.In just three years he has built a team of more than 250 student volunteers across the globe who have recycled nearly 200，000 batteries and educated millions of people.Nihal learned at age 10 that 15 billion batteries are thrown away each year and that most end up in landfills(垃圾填埋地)where they pollute groundwater，harm the ecosystem，and can cause catastrophic fires.Inspired to tackle the problem，he began collecting used batteries from his community.He put them in free recycling bins at stores like Staples until he was told he was bringing too many and had to stop. Undeterred，he reached out for help from Call2Recycle，the largest battery recycling non-profit in North America.Call2Recycle agreed to assist and provided recycling bins for free，which were placed in schools，libraries，and other public places.Nihal’s organization now operates across the U.S.and is expanding to other countries including Canada，Switzerland，and India.“Earth gives us so much－oxygen，food，water－everything！ So it’s important that we give something back when we can，” says Nihal. The Barron Prize was founded in 2001 by author T.A.Barron.“Nothing is more inspiring than stories about heroic people who have truly made a difference to the world，” says T.A.Barron.“And we need our heroes today more than ever.Not celebrities，but heroes－people whose character can inspire us all.That is the purpose of the Barron Prize：to shine the spotlight on these amazing young people so that their stories will inspire others.” 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了13岁的Gloria Barron Prize得主Sri Nihal Tammana保护地球免受废旧电池污染的励志故事。 1.What does Recycle My Battery intend to do？ A.Protect the earth from used batteries. B.Promote used batteries across the globe. C.Make money by collecting used batteries. D.Stop people throwing used batteries away. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Nihal founded Recycle My Battery to promote and facilitate the recycling of used batteries.His non-profit places free battery recycling bins (箱子) and educates young people and adults about battery recycling.”可知，Recycle My Battery旨在保护地球免受废旧电池的污染，故选A。 2.What does the underlined word “Undeterred” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？ A.Undiscouraged. B.Unprepared. C.Unsurprised. D.Uninterested. 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段“He put them in free recycling bins at stores like Staples until he was told he was bringing too many and had to stop.”可知，他不得不停止将废旧电池放到回收箱，结合画线词后文“he reached out for help from Call2Recycle”可知，他向Call2Recycle寻求帮助，说明他没有气馁，因此画线单词undeterred意为“不屈不挠的，不灰心丧气的”，A项与画线词意思相近，故选A。 3.How did Call2Recycle help Nihal’s organization？ A.By making it go global. B.By offering free recycling bins. C.By providing financial support. D.By buying more used batteries. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Call2Recycle agreed to assist and provided recycling bins for free，which were placed in schools，libraries，and other public places.”可知，Call2Recycle组织通过提供免费的回收箱来帮助Nihal的组织，故选B。 4.What is the text mainly about？ A.The importance of recycling batteries. B.The impact of batteries on the environment. C.The achievements of the Barron Prize winners. D.The inspiring story of a young environmentalist. 答案：D 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文内容，尤其根据第一段和最后一段中“That is the purpose of the Barron Prize：to shine the spotlight on these amazing young people so that their stories will inspire others.”可知，文章主要介绍了13岁的Gloria Barron Prize得主Sri Nihal Tammana保护地球免受废旧电池污染的励志故事，D项“一位年轻环保主义者的励志故事”能够总结文章大意，故选D。 B (2025·山东省泰安市高三二模) A new form of real estate is popping up along the beaches of South Africa，which are just big enough to fit a family of African penguins.Their unique selling point：a safe and cool place for penguins to breed (繁殖). Historically，the penguins dug holes in layers of guano (鸟粪)，but in the 19th century，traders started selling guano as fertilizer，leaving the penguins and their eggs increasingly exposed to predators (捕食者) and the burning sun.This has caused African penguin populations to decrease.That’s why conservationists have come to the rescue with the African Penguin Nest Project (APNP)，which aims to employ artificial nests to provide penguin parents a safe and shaded place to raise their chicks. While guano trade petered out by the late 1800s，recreating the layers that accumulated over thousands of years isn’t an option，because seabird populations have declined so much over time and it would take around 600 years to produce one usable guano layer.Hence，the project decided to build artificial nests.At first glance，they look fairly simple－a domed structure made from two molded shells of fabric coated in ceramic slurry (陶瓷浆料)，with a small entrance measuring about 20 centimeters wide. Getting the right temperature and dampness inside the nest was the toughest and most crucial part.The two-layer design and ventilation holes (通风孔) create an air conditioning effect，while the white paint reflects the sun，helping to maintain an interior temperature of less than 35 degrees Celsius. The project started to use the nests in late 2018.“Within a matter of minutes，penguins were running into them，” says Graham，coordinator of APNP.“That tells you how desperate they are for any opportunity to find a safe place to nest.However，population recovery relies on more than merely giving African penguins a safe place to breed.It’s not simply a case of ‘we give them a nest，the species are saved’.There has to be more.” 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在南非海滩上为非洲企鹅建立的人工巢穴项目，旨在通过科普的方式阐述该项目的背景、人工巢穴的设计特点及其对企鹅保护的意义。 5.What do we know about artificial nests？ A.They function better than natural nests. B.They are designed and built scientifically. C.They are unique attractions of South Africa. D.They are equipped with mini air-conditioners. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。由文章第四段中“The two-layer design and ventilation holes (通风孔) create an air conditioning effect，while the white paint reflects the sun，helping to maintain an interior temperature of less than 35 degrees Celsius.”可推知，它们是经过科学设计和建造的。故选B项。 6.What is the goal of APNP？ A.To raise money to preserve penguins. B.To promote the sale of artificial nests. C.To help penguins fight against diseases. D.To provide habitable shelters for penguins. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。由文章第二段中“That’s why conservationists have come to the rescue with the African Penguin Nest Project (APNP)，which aims to employ artificial nests to provide penguin parents a safe and shaded place to raise their chicks.”可知，APNP的目标是为企鹅提供可居住的庇护所。故选D项。 7.What does the underlined phrase “petered out” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？ A.Turned up. B.Dried out. C.Faded away. D.Fell apart. 答案：C 解析：词义猜测题。由文章第三段中的“recreating the layers that accumulated over thousands of years isn’t an option，because seabird populations have declined so much over time and it would take around 600 years to produce one usable guano layer”可知，重新创造历史上积累了几千年的鸟粪层是不可能的，因为这需要大约600年的时间才能产生一层可用的鸟粪层。鸟粪贸易在19世纪后期逐渐消失，由此可知，画线短语petered out意为“逐渐减少或消失”，C项与画线短语意思相近。故选C项。 8.Which of the following statements might Graham agree with？ A.Penguins breed more chicks in safer places. B.Various conservation efforts need to be combined. C.Artificial nests have achieved the desired effect. D.Artificial nests should be applied to other species. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。由文章最后一段可推知，Graham认为仅仅为非洲企鹅提供安全的繁殖地并不足以恢复其种群数量，还需要更多的保护措施。因此，Graham可能会同意选项B的观点。故选B项。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·山东省临沂市高三一模) Mark Covington，founder of the Georgia Street Community Collective in Detroit，stands in a corner of his urban farm，breathing the fresh air in the early morning.　1　 Early in the day，the green crops giving life to tomatoes，cabbages，eggplants，and more are bathed in gold，as if being watered by the sun.The sounds of dogs，pigs，roosters，and a group of stirring bees drown out the sounds of the city. In 2007，Covington lost his job and returned to his childhood street.　2　 “It was dirty，” he said.“There were always vacant lots，but they had always been maintained for children to play on.” He knew that if he just cleaned them up，people would pile on them again.　3　 Covington started with a small community garden.　4　 One mother sent three children to help him build a larger garden where the kids could grow food，stay busy during the summer and add structure to their lives.Little by little the seeds took root，as the hands on the garden that would evolve into a farm multiplied. 　5　 On one corner：a movie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flower beds.On another：a farm and a community center in a building.Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhouse.“It’s somewhat spiritual for me，” Covington says.“It’s like a sanctuary (圣殿).People come here and don’t want to leave.” A.But if he planted stuff，they might not. B.It’s a typical morning scene at the collective. C.He saw garbage piled high in vacant，abandoned lots. D.Covington made the garden a little bigger to plant more. E.And almost immediately neighbors began asking to participate. F.He planted a garden to help feed residents and enrich their lives. G.What began as an effort to remove trash has turned into a site of community. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了社区领袖Mark Covington变废为宝，建农场助邻，社区由此焕发新生。 1.答案：B 解析：根据上文“Mark Covington，founder of the Georgia Street Community Collective in Detroit，stands in a corner of his urban farm，breathing the fresh air in the early morning.”及下文“Early in the day，the green crops giving life to tomatoes，cabbages，eggplants，and more are bathed in gold，as if being watered by the sun.”可知，这些描述共同构成了清晨在这个集体农场中的典型景象。B项“这是集体农场的一个典型清晨景象。”符合语境。故选B。 2.答案：C 解析：根据上文“In 2007，Covington lost his job and returned to his childhood street.”以及下文“‘It was dirty，’ he said.”可知，空处是说Covington回到儿时的街道后看到脏乱的景象。C项“他看到垃圾在空的、废弃的空地上。”承接上文，符合语境。故选C。 3.答案：A 解析：上文“He knew that if he just cleaned them up，people would pile on them again.”提到Covington意识到如果只是简单地清理这些空地，人们又会再次把垃圾堆在上面，这暗示了需要一种更持久、更有意义的改变，结合下文“Covington started with a small community garden.”提到他种植社区花园可知，空处是说他想到如果在这些空地上种植东西，人们可能就不会再往上面乱丢垃圾了。由此可知，A项承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 4.答案：E 解析：上文“Covington started with a small community garden.”提到Covington开始种植社区花园，结合下文“One mother sent three children to help him build a larger garden where the kids could grow food，stay busy during the summer and add structure to their lives.”可知，邻居们和Covington一起种植社区花园。E项“邻居们几乎都要求参与进来。”符合语境。故选E。 5.答案：G 解析：结合下文“On one corner：a movie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flower beds.On another：a farm and a community center in a building.Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhouse.”可知，文章最后描述了Covington的项目如何从清理垃圾开始，逐渐发展成为一个集电影屏幕、公共花园、农场和社区中心等多种功能于一体的社区活动场所。这显示了该项目从单纯的垃圾清理转变为一个促进社区凝聚力和活力的地方。由此可知，G项“从清理垃圾开始的项目已经变成了一个社区活动的地方。”最能概括本段内容。故选G。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·山东省聊城市高三一模) Nestled deep within the Tibetan Plateau of China，Yading boasts some of the most impressive natural scenery in the world.Yading Nature Reserve is home 1.　　　　 three mountains－Chenresig，Chana Dorje，and Jampelyang－which 2.　　　　 (regard) as holy by local people and represent sympathy，wisdom and power.These towering peaks，each being more than 6，000 meters，provide 3.　　　　 dramatic setting for the attractive landscapes below. One 4.　　　　 (suggest) way to explore Yading is to hike along one path of the reserve.For example，the Kora around Chana Dorje offers a 5.　　　　 (challenge) hike which takes you through dense forests and over snow-covered passes.For visitors 6.　　　　 prefer a more leisurely pace，they can enjoy horseback rides，take a dip in the hot springs，or 7.　　　　 (simple)sit back and admire the view while tasting locally brewed yak butter tea. If you’re planning on visiting Yading，bear in mind that it’s a remote location 8.　　　　 that accommodation options are limited.However，there are a few guest houses available，as well as several restaurants serving local cuisine. Yading is one of China’s best kept 9.　　　　 (secret).Whether you’re a nature lover，a hiking enthusiast，or just longing 10.　　　　 (escape) the hustle and bustle (喧嚣) of city life，Yading is undoubtedly worthy of a place on your travel bucket list. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了亚丁自然保护区的特色。 1.答案：to 解析：考查介词。be home to表示“是……的家园”，为固定短语。故填to。 2.答案：are regarded 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。be regarded as表示“被视为……”，为固定短语。陈述事实用一般现在时，且定语从句的谓语与先行词mountains保持一致，用复数形式。故填are regarded。 3.答案：a 解析：考查冠词。此处setting为泛指，且dramatic发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 4.答案：suggested 解析：考查形容词。修饰名词way，应用形容词suggested(被建议的)，故填suggested。 5.答案：challenging 解析：考查形容词。修饰名词hike，应用形容词challenging，故填challenging。 6.答案：who/that 解析：考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词visitors，且在从句中作主语，故填who/that。 7.答案：simply 解析：考查副词。修饰动词sit，应用副词simply，故填simply。 8.答案：and 解析：考查连词。空处连接两个宾语从句，为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 9.答案：secrets 解析：考查名词的单复数。此处为固定结构“one of＋形容词的最高级＋可数名词复数形式”。故填secrets。 10.答案：to escape 解析：考查非谓语动词。long to do sth表示“渴望做某事”，为固定短语。故填to escape。 B卷 (限时：35分钟　满分：45分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·广东省江门市高三一模) Across the world，humans purchase around 1.3 billion single-use plastic water bottles a day.Because only about 9％ of plastic is recycled，the vast majority of those bottles wind up in landfills，the ocean，or elsewhere in nature. When beach-loving Madison Checketts noticed those plastic bottles during her family’s trips to California，the 12-year-old “just felt like this needed to change”，she told Smithsonian magazine. So as she began thinking about what to do for her school science fair back in 2021，the idea of a project centered on reducing plastic pollution quickly came to her mind：she would design an eatable water bottle called the Eco-Hero. “One of my biggest ambitions for my project was wanting to help the world，” the confident young inventor said in a video on the website. To bring her idea to life，Madison built upon the already established method by experimenting with common food materials.She also took inspiration from previous versions of eatable water bottles，though she focused on making hers bigger and more durable.She found that the combination of water，lemon juice，natural gum，and Alginic acid (褐藻酸) resulted in a gel pouch that wouldn’t break，could hold up to 3/4 cup of water，and would last in the fridge for three weeks. Though she’d like to improve the Eco-Hero by making it able to hold more water，she believes her current version would work well as a replacement for the paper cups used by runners in races.All one needs to do is bite a hole in the water ball，drink the water，and then eat the pouch or throw it away to biodegrade. Madison hopes the Eco-Hero inspires others to take better care of the planet.“It doesn’t necessarily have to be in a big way，” she told Smithsonian.“People can still make a difference in the world，even if it’s just in a small way.” 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了12岁的女孩Madison Checketts为了解决塑料瓶污染的问题，发明了可食用的水瓶。 1.What inspired Madison’s design of an eatable water bottle？ A.Her school’s task. B.Her family’s urge. C.Her love for nature. D.Her trips to the beach. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，Madison在加利福尼亚的家庭旅行中发现海滩上有塑料瓶，这让她产生了设计可食用水瓶的想法。故选D。 2.What can we know about the Eco-Hero？ A.It is a copy of the previous versions. B.It is made from unbreakable materials. C.It is an improvement in size and durability. D.It has a hole and should be disposed once used. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“She also took inspiration from previous versions of eatable water bottles，though she focused on making hers bigger and more durable.”可知，她设计的水瓶在体积和耐用性上有了改善。故选C。 3.Which of the following words can best describe Madison？ A.Ambitious and creative. B.Talented and determined. C.Courageous and confident. D.Cooperative and committed. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“To bring her idea to life，Madison built upon the already established method by experimenting with common food materials.She also took inspiration from previous versions of eatable water bottles，though she focused on making hers bigger and more durable.”可知，Madison根据已经建立的方法和从以前的可食用水瓶中获得的灵感，通过实验设计出了更大、更耐用的水瓶，由此可推知，她是一个有创造力的(creative)人。根据第四段内容可知，她有帮助世界的抱负，由此可推知，她是一个有抱负的(ambitious)人。故选A。 4.What can be the best title for the text？ A.A good beginning is half done B.Small people make big moves C.Where there is a will，there is a way D.God helps those who help themselves 答案：B 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中Madison的话“It doesn’t necessarily have to be in a big way”和“People can still make a difference in the world，even if it’s just in a small way.”可知，文章主要讲述了年仅12岁的女孩Madison设计出了可食用的水瓶，用自己的方式帮助保护环境，她认为人们不一定要做出非常大的成就，小事情也能有重要影响，所以B项“小人物也能有大成就”适合作本文的最佳标题。故选B。 B (2025·山东省德州市高三二模) Do you know cultivated meat？ Typically，making this sort of meat starts with cells from domestic animals.The cells are grown in bioreactors full of nutrient-rich liquid，and then harvested，and eventually become products such as steak or chicken.In a homely kitchen of Eat Just，a start-up，a slice of such meat was fried and then served with peppers.The first mouthful of it was extraordinary because the meat was grown in a lab，rather than on an animal.Meanwhile，it was also dull，because the texture，taste，look and smell of the meat was almost identical to that of chicken. In June，Eat Just and Upside Foods became the first two companies to win regulatory approval to sell cultivated meat in America.A handful of other firms are trying to bring cultivated meat to market.But the hope is fading owing to continued high costs and troubles with mass production. The UN reports meat and dairy production already accounts for 12％ of humanity’s greenhouse-gas emissions.Demand for meat is skyrocketing among the growing middle classes of Africa and Asia.Lab-grown meat could help meet that demand without the world breaking its carbon budget.By contrast，two-fifths of Americans claim to restrict their meat consumption either for ethical(伦理的) reasons or environmental ones.Lab-grown meat may seem less ethically worrisome than eating animals.And the early success of plant-based meat alternatives gave investors hope.Beyond Meat，one such firm，went public in 2019，and saw its value shoot to $14 billion. Though lab-grown meat offers an alternative to farm-grown meat，questions have been raised about how climate-friendly it can be.A study published earlier this year found that in some circumstances cultivated meat could be more polluting than the conventional stuff because the bioreactor is in great need of power to control its temperature.Consequently，only if renewable energy is used in the production process will cultivated meat cut the carbon footprint of the meat industry. Whether this effort can make lab-grown meat attractive and cheap enough to attract consumers remains to be seen. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人造肉这一特征以及人造肉目前巨大的消费市场，与此同时，它可能在环境方面带来的影响。 5.What does the author focus on concerning cultivated meat in Paragraph 1？ A.Its characteristics. B.Its health benefits. C.Its cooking methods. D.Its similarities to artificial meat. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，在第一段中，作者关注的是人造肉的特征。故选A项。 6.What can we infer from Paragraph 3？ A.Most Americans skip meat. B.Asians prefer lab-grown meat. C.Beyond Meat is facing financial collapse. D.Lab-grown meat may have a vast consumer market. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段可推知，实验室培育的肉可能有巨大的消费市场。故选D项。 7.In which aspect does the cultivated-meat industry damage the environment？ A.Poisonous chemical leaks. B.Land occupation. C.Greenhouse-gas emissions. D.Water consumption. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段可推知，人造肉产业在温室气体排放方面破坏了环境。故选C项。 8.What’s the author’s attitude to lab-grown meat？ A.Opposed. B.Favorable. C.Uncaring. D.Reserved. 答案：D 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者对实验室培育的肉持保守态度。故选D项。 Ⅱ.读后续写(满分25分) (2025·山东省青岛市高三三模) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Summer vacation was finally coming，and Rose couldn’t wait to have a trip with her parents.She recalled the joyful experiences they shared last summer，which filled her with excitement for the upcoming holiday. “Girls！” Rose heard her father calling.She raced to her big sister’s room，telling her that Dad was calling them，and they rushed downstairs log either.Dad put his arm around Mom and told them that they were going on a trip to the Virunga Mountains of Africa.There were three national parks that they would visit. Rose and Gina looked at each other.“What？” they said with one voice.Mom told them it would be really exciting to go there on a trip.At 12 years old，Rose would prefer going to an amusement park or a beach.She thought it important to let her parents know she didn’t want to go there but to the beach for a week or two. “Well，” said Dad.“I have to go for an assignment for the paper.We’re covering the mountain gorillas(大猩猩) because they’re critically endangered these years.So，I thought it’d also be a great place to take a vacation.I’m sure it’ll be very educational for you girls.” Gina let out a sigh，unable to contain her disappointment.She wanted to say something but Mom interrupted and announced that the trip was set on the next Monday. “Sit down，both of you.” Dad had on his severe look.“Girls，it’s important for you to know about the world around you.This is a wonderful chance for you to experience and learn an amazing place.Do you know anything about the mountain gorillas？” The sisters shook their heads. “Well，get your laptop computer，Gina.I want you to look them up right now，” said Dad.“Rose，there is a book on the bookshelf about the cute mountain gorillas.Find it and read it.” 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 The girls dragged their feet upstairs.__________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next Monday came and the family set out excitedly. ________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 　　The girls dragged their feet upstairs.They reluctantly complied with their father’s instructions.Gina opened her laptop and began searching for information on mountain gorillas，while Rose found the book and started flipping through the pages，hoping to find something that would spark her interest.As she flipped through the pages，she saw pictures of the gorillas and read about their habitats and behaviors.Meanwhile，Gina was discovering fascinating facts and watching videos of the gentle giants in their natural environment. The next Monday came and the family set out excitedly.As the plane took off，Rose tried to put aside her initial reluctance and immerse herself in the adventure.The journey was filled with new sights and sounds，and Rose gradually found herself fascinated by the unique ecosystem of the Virunga Mountains.She observed the gorillas from a safe distance，marveled at their strength and agility，and was humbled by their place in the natural world.By the end of the trip，Rose had a new-found respect for nature and its creatures，and was grateful for the opportunity to experience such an educational and eye-opening journey. 学生用书⬇第190页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $