精品解析：湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月月考英语试题

雅礼中学2026届高三月考试卷(三) 英语 本试题卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，共10页。时量120分钟。满分150分。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. Where are the speakers now? A. In the chemist’s. B. In the street. C. In the tourist office. 2. What does the man mean? A. Marcie isn’t very polite. B. Marcie is a busy woman. C. Marcie loves talking on the phone. 3. What’s the weather like now? A. Warm and sunny. B. Windy and rainy. C. Sunny and windy. 4. When will the next train to Bedford leave? A. At 9:45. B. At 10:15. C. At 11:00. 5. What does the woman think of the blue sweater? A. It’s warmer. B. It’s cheaper. C. It’s more fashionable. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man agree to do? A. Tour the city. B. Visit a museum. C Take a boat trip. 7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Strangers. C. Neighbors. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What language of the television series is the woman watching? A. English. B. French. C. Chinese. 9. What does the woman do during the television series? A. She focuses on the translating app. B She writes down some words and phrases. C. She translates the lines into another language. 10. Who says “please punish me “in the television series? A. The servants. B. The emperor. C. The emperor’s son. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How often does the postman come? A. Every day. B. Once a week. C. Twice a week. 12. What is the opening hour of the clinic? A 24 hours. B. 12 hours. C. 10 hours. 13. Why does Bill apologize? A. Because he jumped across Mrs. Mill’s fence. B. Because his boys didn’t apologize to Mrs. Mill. C. Because his boys made a mess in Mrs. Mill’s garden. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why does the woman come here? A. To see Megan. B. To work out. C. To do some shopping. 15. What does the man say about his fitness tracking device? A. It’s very popular. B. It is a birthday gift. C. It is helpful for his sleep. 16. How does the man access the information he needs? A. By tapping the screen of the device. B. By linking the device to a PC. C. By downloading an app onto the smart phone. 17. What will the man probably do next? A. Go back home. B. Reset his goal. C. Go for running. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Who is Bill Wyatt? A. The school director. B. A football coach. C. A college student. 19. How can students find out about the lunch menu in advance? A. From their parents. B. From the school website. C. From the posters in the dining hall. 20. What should students do with their cellphones during school? A. Keep them with the school teachers. B. Lock them inside the special lockers. C. Talk to the school staff for permission. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Welcome to UCLA Exchange Program! Let’s get started by checking out Student Guide for your academic journey! Signing up for ESL(English as a Second Language) ESL courses are designed to help international students improve academic English language skills. Enrollment(课程注册) priority is given to degree students. If space is available, you may enroll. You will then be asked to take an ESL Placement Test. The test results will help you choose the class that is appropriate for you. Changing Your Course Enrollment List You may change your class schedule during the first two weeks of the term by adding or dropping courses from your enrollment list. After the second week of classes, there will be a charge for each schedule change. Students often attend classes in which they are not enrolled on the first day of instruction to try adding this new course to the list, as other students may have dropped it. Withdrawing from Courses If you choose to drop a course, you must follow the UCLA procedures for removing it from your schedule. If you forget to officially drop that course, a“F”(Fail) grade will be registered on your record at the end of the term. If, at a later date, you wish to apply for a job or graduate school where an official copy of your UCLA record is needed, it will be to your advantage to provide an impressive academic record. Taking Exams Some instructors choose to put previous test papers on library reserve, making them available to all students. These exams, which students commonly use for practice, can give you an idea of how instructors ask questions and what they regard as relevant material. You can also access the exams online. 1. Who might be the first to get a seat in an ESL course? A. An international freshman seeking a degree. B. A visiting scholar from an Asian country. C. An American student from a local college. D. A language lover in the exchange program. 2. What is a common strategy for adding a new course after the term has started? A. Paying an extra fee for the schedule change. B Asking the instructor for special permission. C. Taking a placement test to prove one’s ability. D. Attending the class first without being enrolled. 3. What could be a direct result if a student forgets to drop a course officially? A. He will have to take an extra exam to pass it. B. He will be charged a certain amount of money. C. A failing grade will appear on his academic record. D. He will lose the chance to apply for graduate school. B Sitting in the garden for my friend’s birthday, I felt a buzz (振动) in my pocket. My heart raced with a mix of anxiety and hope when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected”. It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…” and my vision blurred (模糊). The position — measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme — had felt like the answer I had spent years looking for. I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career. So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked — and overjoyed — when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all. I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue. When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. And I applied with the same anxious excitement as before. When I was rejected from one that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective to keep it from sending me into panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted into one of the other programmes I was also excited about. Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them. 4. How did the author initially feel upon seeing the email? A. Quite curious and interested. B. Quite nervous and excited. C. Rather surprised and confused. D. Deeply disappointed and upset. 5. What was the author’s first reaction to the rejection? A. He decided to abandon his scientific dream. B. He immediately sought alternative programs. C. He felt it signaled the end of his career in science. D. He chose to observe the lab work without hesitation. 6. What does the author imply about the project he eventually undertook? A. It proved to be effective and innovative. B. It was more exciting than the Sahara project. C. It was completed under the tough desert conditions. D. It was a perfect fit for his original research interest. 7. What is the main life lesson the author learned from his experience? A. Only apply for programs that are a perfect fit. B. Seize and maximize the opportunities at hand. C. Rejections are unavoidable on the road to success. D. Always have a backup plan ready for any situation. C “What would the world be if there were no hunger?” It’s a question that Professor Crystal would ask her students. They found it hard to answer, she wrote later, because imagining something that isn’t part of real life — and learning how to make it real — is a rare skill. It is taught to artists and engineers, but much less often to scientists. Crystal set out to change that, and helped to create a global movement. The result — an approach known as systems thinking — is now seen as essential in meeting global challenges. Systems thinking is crucial to achieving targets such as zero hunger and better nutrition because it requires considering the way in which food is produced, processed, delivered and consumed, and looking at how those things intersect (交叉) with human health, the environment, economics and society. According to systems thinking, changing the food system — or any other network — requires three things to happen. First, researchers need to identify all the players in that system; second, they must work out how they relate to each other; and third, they need to understand and quantify the impact of those relationships on each other and on those outside the system. Take nutrition. In the latest UN report on global food security, the number of undernourished (营养不良的) people in the world has been rising, despite great advances in nutrition science. Tracking of 150 biochemicals in food has been important in revealing the relationships between calories, sugar, fat and the occurrence of common diseases. But using machine learning and artificial intelligence, some scientists propose that human diets consist of at least 26,000 biochemicals — and that the vast majority are not known. This shows that we have some way to travel before achieving the first objective of systems thinking. A systems approach to creating change is also built on the assumption that everyone in the system has equal power. But as some researchers find, the food system is not an equal one. A good way to redress such power imbalance is for more universities to do what Crystal did and teach students how to think using a systems approach. More researchers, policymakers and representatives from the food industry must learn to look beyond their direct lines of responsibility and adopt a systems approach. Crystal knew that visions alone don’t produce results, but concluded that “we’ll never produce results that we can’t envision” 8. What is the main purpose of Professor Crystal’s question mentioned in the first paragraph? A. To highlight a skill seldom taught to scientists. B. To initiate a discussion on an unrealistic situation. C. To assess the students’ understanding of global hunger. D. To inspire a creative approach to a fundamental problem. 9. According to the second paragraph, what is the core requirement of systems thinking? A. It involves a thorough consideration of various related factors. B. It requires the application of artificial intelligence in analysis. C. It prioritizes the improvement of food production efficiency. D. It demands a focus on economic growth above everything else. 10. What does the example of nutrition research in paragraph 3 demonstrate? A. The newest UN reports on food security are no longer trustworthy. B. Machine learning has made traditional nutrition science outdated. C. Most common diseases are caused by a severe lack of unknown biochemicals. D. Achieving the first goal of systems thinking is more challenging than it seems. 11. What does the underlined word “redress” in paragraph 4 most probably mean? A. Recognize. B. Correct. C. Measure. D. Discuss. D The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success. As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers. We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat. A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively. 12. What was the key for children to get a second treat in the Stanford test? A. Selecting their favorite sugary snack. B. Remaining alone in the room for 15 minutes. C. Resisting the immediate desire to eat the first one. D. Following the instructions given by the psychologist. 13. What does the author imply by “a version of the marshmallow test” for adults? A. Adults are tested with digital devices instead of treats. B. Adults face more complex temptations than children. C. Adults must also delay contentment in the digital age. D Adults are assessed on the ability to share information. 14. According to the text, what is the root cause of people’s struggle against temptation? A. The lack of self-discipline in our contemporary society. B. The mismatch between our ancient brains and modern environment. C. The overabundance of calorie-rich foods in the market. D. The constant bombardment of new information from digital devices. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. The Marshmallow Test: Lessons for Modern Life B. Delaying Satisfaction: A Key to Success C. Why Our Brains Struggle in the Modern World D. How to Manage Information Consumption 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Brain rot is a state of mental fogginess and cognitive (感知的) decline that results from excessive screen engagement. Is brain rot real? ____16____ When you spend hours surfing and scrolling, you consume huge quantities of meaningless data, negative news and perfectly retouched photos, which make you feel inadequate, create mental exhaustion and lead to a drop in motivation, focus, and energy. On the surface, spending a lot of time on your smartphone or in front of a computer may seem harmless. ____17____ Activities like scrolling have a negative impact on the brain’s reward system. They can also decrease your sensitivity to negative signals, making it harder for you to experience positive feelings in other ways. Preventing brain rot requires being intentional about your media use. Here are some of the best strategies. Set limits on screen time. Start by tracking how much time you spend browsing, scrolling social media, watching videos, and gaming. You may be shocked to discover how much time you spend in front of screens. ____18____ Delete distracting apps from your phone and turn off notifications for news and social media. ____19____ There’s a huge world beyond your screen. Reconnect yourself with it by digging into hobbies and activities you enjoy such as going camping and listening to music. In addition, you can volunteer for an organization you believe in or take your favorite exercise. Connect offline with positive people. Your first instinct may be to pick up your phone to connect with someone. ____20____ Developing authentic connections with supportive friends and family in person can lower stress and provide a deeper sense of belonging. A. Pursue non- digital interests. B. occupy yourself with different activities. C. Its result is real — you’re overusing your brain. D. Instead, make an effort to socialize with others in the real world. E. It’s not a medically recognized condition, but a real phenomenon. F. Next set boundaries around the hours you invest in digital pursuits each day. G. Over time, however, brain rot behavior can affect your mental and emotional well-being. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In a remote village divided by a wide river, the elderly carpenter Elias watched with worry as the only bridge slowly rotted. The villagers on both sides, once a united community, had grown ____21____ and indifferent. Elias, though skilled, felt the problem was too big for one man. It seemed ____22____. Instead of appealing to the ____23____ , who were busy with their farms and arguments, he started a small project. He began ____24____ beautiful wooden toys— small boats, horses, and birds, in his yard. He then ____25____ these toys to the children, amusing them with stories of how kids from both sides used to play together on the bridge. Fascinated, the children began to meet by the river. They started playing, first ____26____, then with growing joy. This simple act changed the ____27____. Seeing their children form friendships, the parents’ hearts began to ____28____. They started talking to each other again. One morning,____29____ by their children’s laughter echoing across the river, a group of villagers gathered with their ____30____. They approached Elias, ready to work as one. The new bridge was built with wood and nails, and more importantly, with ____31____ trust and cooperation. Elias smiled, knowing that the deepest ____32____ are not always crossed by force, but ____33____ by building quiet, heartfelt connections. He realized that children’s laughter was the real magic that started it all. The new structure was ____34____ a bridge of wood; it was a symbol of a reunited community, leaving everyone with a lasting ____35____ . 21. A. familiar B. accustomed C. associated D. distant 22. A. uncomfortable B. simple C. strange D. unbeatable 23. A. colleagues B. adults C. enemies D. companies 24. A. purchasing B. collecting C. carving D. painting 25. A. sold B. gifted C. lifted D. saved 26. A. hesitantly B. bravely C. eagerly D. angrily 27. A. atmosphere B. occasion C. function D. environment 28. A. soften B. break C. beat D. tighten 29. A. awakened B. interrupted C. inspired D. annoyed 30. A. knives B. relatives C. tools D. toys 31. A. rediscovered B. recharged C. potential D. temporary 32. A. regrets B. divides C. valleys D. memories 33. A. established B. delayed C. measured D. bridged 34. A. more than B. other than C. apart from D. far from 35. A. lesson B. warmth C. mystery D. challenge 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The artificial intelligence (AI) revolution is often compared to the industrial revolution. One key difference lies in energy ____36____(consume). Training a large AI model can use more electricity than 100 homes need in a year. AI systems are growing more and more complex and the energy demands ____37____ (increase) rapidly. This situation poses a challenge to global efforts for sustainable development. _____38_____, researchers are actively seeking solutions. One promising method is to use extra energy from renewable sources. For example, data centers can be programmed ____39____(perform) energy-intensive tasks when solar or wind power is most available. This approach helps reduce carbon emissions and enables ____40____ more efficient use of clean energy. Another strategy is committed to ____41____ (design) new AI chips. Scientists are developing the only hardware ____42____ imitates the human brain’s highly efficient way of processing information. These brain- like chips potentially reduce AI’s energy use by over 90%. Such an achievement would represent a great leap in sustainable computing. The ultimate goal is to ensure AI’s development matches environmental protection. By combining smart energy management with innovative hardware, we can power the future of AI ____43____ putting too much pressure on our planet. This balance is ____44____ (true) important for our shared future. Everyone should realize that a sustainable approach ____45____ (require) for technological progress. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 为庆祝即将到来的世界问候日(World Hello Day)，你校英文报将开设“Greetings Around the World”专栏，旨在促进跨文化理解。假定你是校英文报编辑李华，请给你校来自英国的外教Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他为该专栏投稿。内容包括： 1.注意事项； 2.你的期待。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, I’m writing to invite you to _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On the afternoon of my eighteenth birthday, I was driving my dad’s old car around town, feeling absolutely free and excited. The sun was shining, and everything felt perfect. As I made a turn a bit too quickly, the worst thing happened. There was a loud, sharp sound of metal scraping against metal. My heart jumped into my throat — I had sideswiped a car parked by the pavement. I stopped the car, my hands shaking on the wheel. I looked around nervously. The street was completely empty; no one had seen the accident. A powerful thought rushed into my head: “Just drive away. No one will ever know.” The car I hit was a beautiful, brand-new Mercedes, and the scratch along its door was long and deep. My own car only had a small bump. panic filled me. I had worked hard to save money for my first semester s college books, and I knew that money would be wiped out by this repair. The temptation to escape was overwhelming. But then, I pictured my dad’s serious face. He had always taught me that taking responsibility for your actions was what defined a person. With a heart that felt like a heavy stone, I pulled over behind the Mercedes. I found a notebook and a pen in my backpack. My hands were trembling so much that the writing was messy. I wrote down my name, my phone number, my address, and a short apology. I tore out the page, walked back to the Mercedes, and carefully put the note under its windshield wiper. Driving home, I was consumed with dread, already imagining the angry phone call and the financial trouble that would follow me to college. The call came that evening. A woman’s voice, calm and steady, asked for me.“This is Mrs. Gable,” she said. “I’m calling about the note you left on my car.” I braced for the worst, and my apology tumbled out in a rushed, nervous stream. She listened quietly until I finished. “The scratch on my car is quite noticeable,” she said, pausing. My stomach tightened into a knot, sure she was about to demand a huge payment. Then she added, her voice warming, “But so is your honesty.” 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右; (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Mrs. Gable’s words hung in the air for what felt like an age. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A week later, a small package arrived in the mail for me. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 雅礼中学2026届高三月考试卷(三) 英语 本试题卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，共10页。时量120分钟。满分150分。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. Where are the speakers now? A. In the chemist’s. B. In the street. C. In the tourist office. 2. What does the man mean? A. Marcie isn’t very polite. B. Marcie is a busy woman. C. Marcie loves talking on the phone. 3. What’s the weather like now? A. Warm and sunny. B. Windy and rainy. C. Sunny and windy. 4. When will the next train to Bedford leave? A. At 9:45. B. At 10:15. C. At 11:00. 5. What does the woman think of the blue sweater? A. It’s warmer. B. It’s cheaper. C. It’s more fashionable. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man agree to do? A. Tour the city. B. Visit a museum. C. Take a boat trip. 7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Strangers. C. Neighbors. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What language of the television series is the woman watching? A. English. B. French. C. Chinese. 9. What does the woman do during the television series? A. She focuses on the translating app. B. She writes down some words and phrases. C. She translates the lines into another language. 10. Who says “please punish me “in the television series? A. The servants. B. The emperor. C. The emperor’s son. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How often does the postman come? A. Every day. B. Once a week. C. Twice a week. 12. What is the opening hour of the clinic? A. 24 hours. B. 12 hours. C. 10 hours. 13. Why does Bill apologize? A. Because he jumped across Mrs. Mill’s fence. B. Because his boys didn’t apologize to Mrs. Mill. C. Because his boys made a mess in Mrs. Mill’s garden. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why does the woman come here? A. To see Megan. B. To work out. C. To do some shopping. 15. What does the man say about his fitness tracking device? A. It’s very popular. B. It is a birthday gift. C. It is helpful for his sleep. 16. How does the man access the information he needs? A. By tapping the screen of the device. B. By linking the device to a PC. C. By downloading an app onto the smart phone. 17. What will the man probably do next? A. Go back home. B. Reset his goal. C. Go for running. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Who is Bill Wyatt? A. The school director. B. A football coach. C. A college student. 19. How can students find out about the lunch menu in advance? A. From their parents. B. From the school website. C. From the posters in the dining hall. 20. What should students do with their cellphones during school? A. Keep them with the school teachers. B. Lock them inside the special lockers. C. Talk to the school staff for permission. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Welcome to UCLA Exchange Program! Let’s get started by checking out Student Guide for your academic journey! Signing up for ESL(English as a Second Language) ESL courses are designed to help international students improve academic English language skills. Enrollment(课程注册) priority is given to degree students. If space is available, you may enroll. You will then be asked to take an ESL Placement Test. The test results will help you choose the class that is appropriate for you. Changing Your Course Enrollment List You may change your class schedule during the first two weeks of the term by adding or dropping courses from your enrollment list. After the second week of classes there will be a charge for each schedule change. Students often attend classes in which they are not enrolled on the first day of instruction to try adding this new course to the list, as other students may have dropped it. Withdrawing from Courses If you choose to drop a course, you must follow the UCLA procedures for removing it from your schedule. If you forget to officially drop that course, a“F”(Fail) grade will be registered on your record at the end of the term. If, at a later date, you wish to apply for a job or graduate school where an official copy of your UCLA record is needed, it will be to your advantage to provide an impressive academic record. Taking Exams Some instructors choose to put previous test papers on library reserve, making them available to all students. These exams, which students commonly use for practice, can give you an idea of how instructors ask questions and what they regard as relevant material. You can also access the exams online. 1. Who might be the first to get a seat in an ESL course? A. An international freshman seeking a degree. B. A visiting scholar from an Asian country. C. An American student from a local college. D. A language lover in the exchange program. 2. What is a common strategy for adding a new course after the term has started? A. Paying an extra fee for the schedule change. B. Asking the instructor for special permission. C. Taking a placement test to prove one’s ability. D Attending the class first without being enrolled. 3. What could be a direct result if a student forgets to drop a course officially? A. He will have to take an extra exam to pass it. B. He will be charged a certain amount of money. C. A failing grade will appear on his academic record. D. He will lose the chance to apply for graduate school. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了加州大学洛杉矶分校交换项目的相关信息，包括ESL课程注册、课程调整、退课以及考试等方面的内容。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“ESL courses are designed to help international students improve academic English language skills. Enrollment priority is given to degree students.(ESL课程旨在帮助国际学生提高学术英语语言技能。学位学生优先注册。)”可知，学位学生优先注册，故一个寻求学位的国际新生可能最先获得ESL课程的座位。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Students often attend classes in which they are not enrolled on the first day of instruction to try adding this new course to the list, as other students may have dropped it.(学生们经常在第一天上课时去上他们没有注册的课程，试图将这门新课程添加到课程表中，因为其他学生可能已经退课了。)”可知，学生们在没有注册的情况下先参加课程，试图将这门新课程添加到课程表中。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“If you choose to drop a course, you must follow the UCLA procedures for removing it from your schedule. If you forget to officially drop that course, a “F”(Fail) grade will be registered on your record at the end of the term.(如果你选择退课，你必须遵循加州大学洛杉矶分校的退课程序。如果你忘记正式退课，在学期结束时，你的记录上将被登记一个“F”(不及格)的成绩。)”可知，如果一个学生忘记正式退课，他的学业记录上会出现不及格的成绩。故选C。 B Sitting in the garden for my friend’s birthday, I felt a buzz (振动) in my pocket. My heart raced with a mix of anxiety and hope when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected”. It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…” and my vision blurred (模糊). The position — measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme — had felt like the answer I had spent years looking for. I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career. So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked — and overjoyed — when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all. I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue. When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. And I applied with the same anxious excitement as before. When I was rejected from one that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective to keep it from sending me into panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted into one of the other programmes I was also excited about. Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them. 4. How did the author initially feel upon seeing the email? A. Quite curious and interested. B. Quite nervous and excited. C. Rather surprised and confused. D. Deeply disappointed and upset. 5. What was the author’s first reaction to the rejection? A. He decided to abandon his scientific dream. B. He immediately sought alternative programs. C. He felt it signaled the end of his career in science. D. He chose to observe the lab work without hesitation. 6. What does the author imply about the project he eventually undertook? A. It proved to be effective and innovative. B. It was more exciting than the Sahara project. C. It was completed under the tough desert conditions. D. It was a perfect fit for his original research interest. 7. What is the main life lesson the author learned from his experience? A. Only apply for programs that are a perfect fit. B. Seize and maximize the opportunities at hand. C. Rejections are unavoidable on the road to success. D. Always have a backup plan ready for any situation. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者申请项目被拒后抓住新机会并获得成长的故事。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“My heart raced with a mix of anxiety and hope when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected”. It ended with “We are sorry to inform you...” and my vision blurred (模糊).(看到发件人名字的那一刻，我的心因焦虑与希望交织而狂跳不已。邮件开头写道：“亲爱的Green先生，感谢您的关注”，接着是“审核流程比预期耗时更长”。邮件结尾写着“我们很遗憾地通知您……”，看到这里，我的视线变得模糊。)”可知，作者看到邮件时最初是既紧张又兴奋的。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career.(我投入了大量的时间和情感精力去申请，我认为被拒绝意味着我的科学职业生涯走到了尽头。)”可知，作者的第一反应是觉得这标志着他科学职业生涯的结束。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t.(那个项目，我可以在沙发上完成，而不用在炎热的沙漠中，它不仅在封锁期间得以继续，而且在传统方法不起作用的地方也发挥了作用。)”可知，作者最终承担的项目被证明是有效且创新的。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them.(我没有制定一成不变的计划，而是认识到有时候我需要抓住提供给我的机会，即使当时它们听起来并不完美，也要充分利用它们。)”可知，作者从他的经历中学到的主要人生教训是要抓住并充分利用眼前的机会。故选B。 C “What would the world be if there were no hunger?” It’s a question that Professor Crystal would ask her students. They found it hard to answer, she wrote later, because imagining something that isn’t part of real life — and learning how to make it real — is a rare skill. It is taught to artists and engineers, but much less often to scientists. Crystal set out to change that, and helped to create a global movement. The result — an approach known as systems thinking — is now seen as essential in meeting global challenges. Systems thinking is crucial to achieving targets such as zero hunger and better nutrition because it requires considering the way in which food is produced, processed, delivered and consumed, and looking at how those things intersect (交叉) with human health, the environment, economics and society. According to systems thinking, changing the food system — or any other network — requires three things to happen. First, researchers need to identify all the players in that system; second, they must work out how they relate to each other; and third, they need to understand and quantify the impact of those relationships on each other and on those outside the system. Take nutrition. In the latest UN report on global food security, the number of undernourished (营养不良的) people in the world has been rising, despite great advances in nutrition science. Tracking of 150 biochemicals in food has been important in revealing the relationships between calories, sugar, fat and the occurrence of common diseases. But using machine learning and artificial intelligence, some scientists propose that human diets consist of at least 26,000 biochemicals — and that the vast majority are not known. This shows that we have some way to travel before achieving the first objective of systems thinking. A systems approach to creating change is also built on the assumption that everyone in the system has equal power. But as some researchers find, the food system is not an equal one. A good way to redress such power imbalance is for more universities to do what Crystal did and teach students how to think using a systems approach. More researchers, policymakers and representatives from the food industry must learn to look beyond their direct lines of responsibility and adopt a systems approach. Crystal knew that visions alone don’t produce results, but concluded that “we’ll never produce results that we can’t envision” 8. What is the main purpose of Professor Crystal’s question mentioned in the first paragraph? A. To highlight a skill seldom taught to scientists. B. To initiate a discussion on an unrealistic situation. C. To assess the students’ understanding of global hunger. D. To inspire a creative approach to a fundamental problem. 9. According to the second paragraph, what is the core requirement of systems thinking? A. It involves a thorough consideration of various related factors. B. It requires the application of artificial intelligence in analysis. C. It prioritizes the improvement of food production efficiency. D. It demands a focus on economic growth above everything else. 10. What does the example of nutrition research in paragraph 3 demonstrate? A. The newest UN reports on food security are no longer trustworthy. B. Machine learning has made traditional nutrition science outdated. C. Most common diseases are caused by a severe lack of unknown biochemicals. D. Achieving the first goal of systems thinking is more challenging than it seems. 11. What does the underlined word “redress” in paragraph 4 most probably mean? A. Recognize. B. Correct. C. Measure. D. Discuss. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Crystal教授通过提出假设性问题启发学生用系统性思维解决全球饥饿等根本问题，并阐述了系统性思维的核心要求、面临的挑战及重要性。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中““What would the world be if there were no hunger?” It’s a question that Professor Crystal would ask her students. They found it hard to answer, she wrote later, because imagining something that isn’t part of real life — and learning how to make it real — is a rare skill. It is taught to artists and engineers, but much less often to scientists. Crystal set out to change that, and helped to create a global movement.(“如果世界上没有饥饿，那会是什么样？”这是克里斯塔尔（Crystal）教授会问学生的一个问题。她后来写道，学生们发现这个问题很难回答，因为想象一些不属于现实生活的东西——并学习如何让它成为现实——是一项罕见的技能。艺术家和工程师会接受这种技能的培养，但科学家却很少接受。克里斯塔尔决心改变这一现状，并帮助发起了一场全球运动。)”可知，Crystal教授提出这个问题的主要目的是启发学生对根本性问题采取创造性的方法。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Systems thinking is crucial to achieving targets such as zero hunger and better nutrition because it requires considering the way in which food is produced, processed, delivered and consumed, and looking at how those things intersect (交叉) with human health, the environment, economics and society.(系统性思维对于实现零饥饿和改善营养等目标至关重要，因为它需要考虑食物的生产、加工、交付和消费方式，并研究这些因素如何与人类健康、环境、经济和社会相互交叉。)”可知，系统性思维的核心要求是全面考虑各种相关因素。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“But using machine learning and artificial intelligence, some scientists propose that human diets consist of at least 26,000 biochemicals — and that the vast majority are not known. This shows that we have some way to travel before achieving the first objective of systems thinking.(但是，一些科学家利用机器学习和人工智能提出，人类饮食至少由26000种生化物质组成，而绝大多数是未知的。这表明，在实现系统性思维的第一个目标之前，我们还有很长的路要走。)”可知，第三段中营养研究的例子表明实现系统性思维的第一个目标比看起来更具挑战性。故选D。 【11题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“A systems approach to creating change is also built on the assumption that everyone in the system has equal power. But as some researchers find, the food system is not an equal one.(创造变革的系统方法也是建立在系统中的每个人都拥有平等权力的假设之上的。但正如一些研究人员所发现的，食物系统并不是平等的。)”以及“A good way to redress such power imbalance is for more universities to do what Crystal did and teach students how to think using a systems approach.(redress这种权力不平衡的一个好方法是让更多的大学像Crystal那样做，教学生如何用系统的方法思考。)”可知，食物系统并不平等，因此需要采取措施来“纠正”这种权力不平衡。由此可知，redress意为“纠正”，与Correct意思相近。故选B。 D The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success. As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers. We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat. A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively. 12. What was the key for children to get a second treat in the Stanford test? A. Selecting their favorite sugary snack. B. Remaining alone in the room for 15 minutes. C. Resisting the immediate desire to eat the first one. D. Following the instructions given by the psychologist. 13. What does the author imply by “a version of the marshmallow test” for adults? A. Adults are tested with digital devices instead of treats. B. Adults face more complex temptations than children. C. Adults must also delay contentment in the digital age. D. Adults are assessed on the ability to share information. 14. According to the text, what is the root cause of people’s struggle against temptation? A. The lack of self-discipline in our contemporary society. B. The mismatch between our ancient brains and modern environment. C. The overabundance of calorie-rich foods in the market. D. The constant bombardment of new information from digital devices. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. The Marshmallow Test: Lessons for Modern Life B. Delaying Satisfaction: A Key to Success C. Why Our Brains Struggle in the Modern World D. How to Manage Information Consumption 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章结合棉花糖实验，论述信息时代需理性控制信息消费的观点。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat.(每个孩子都被告知，如果他们在吃糖果前等待15分钟，就会得到第二份糖果。)”可知，孩子们得到第二份糖果的关键在于抵抗住立刻吃掉第一份糖果的冲动。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.(作为成年人，我们每天都要面对棉花糖测试的一个版本。我们不会被甜食诱惑，而是会被我们的电脑、手机和平板电脑诱惑——所有这些设备都将我们与全球信息传递系统连接起来，这些信息对我们所起的作用就像棉花糖对学龄前儿童所起的作用一样。)”可知，作者暗示成人在数字时代也必须延迟满足感。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.(但是，随着我们重塑了周围的世界，大大降低了获取卡路里的成本和努力，我们仍然拥有几千年前相同的头脑，这种不匹配正是为什么我们很多人难以抗拒我们知道不应该吃的诱人食物的核心原因。)”可知，人们与诱惑作斗争的根本原因是我们古老的大脑与现代环境之间的不匹配。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“The Stanford marshmallow test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s.(斯坦福棉花糖实验最初由心理学家沃尔特・米歇尔于 20 世纪 60 年代末开展。)”和最后一段“A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.(我们对信息的反应也遵循着类似的逻辑。人类在成长关键期所处的环境信息匮乏，因此大脑进化出了珍视新信息的机制。但全球互联彻底改变了我们的信息环境，如今我们不断受到新信息的“轰炸”。因此，正如我们需要更理性地控制热量摄入一样，我们也需要更审慎地对待信息消费，抵制精神 “垃圾食品” 的诱惑，以最有效地管理时间。)”可知，文章首先介绍了斯坦福棉花糖测试，然后类比到成人面对信息诱惑的情况，指出我们也需要像对待热量摄入一样谨慎对待信息摄入，以有效管理时间。因此，A选项“The Marshmallow Test: Lessons for Modern Life(棉花糖测试：现代生活的启示)”最能概括文章主旨。故选A。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Brain rot is a state of mental fogginess and cognitive (感知的) decline that results from excessive screen engagement. Is brain rot real? ____16____ When you spend hours surfing and scrolling, you consume huge quantities of meaningless data, negative news and perfectly retouched photos, which make you feel inadequate, create mental exhaustion and lead to a drop in motivation, focus, and energy. On the surface, spending a lot of time on your smartphone or in front of a computer may seem harmless. ____17____ Activities like scrolling have a negative impact on the brain’s reward system. They can also decrease your sensitivity to negative signals, making it harder for you to experience positive feelings in other ways. Preventing brain rot requires being intentional about your media use. Here are some of the best strategies. Set limits on screen time. Start by tracking how much time you spend browsing, scrolling social media, watching videos, and gaming. You may be shocked to discover how much time you spend in front of screens. ____18____ Delete distracting apps from your phone and turn off notifications for news and social media. ____19____ There’s a huge world beyond your screen. Reconnect yourself with it by digging into hobbies and activities you enjoy such as going camping and listening to music. In addition, you can volunteer for an organization you believe in or take your favorite exercise. Connect offline with positive people. Your first instinct may be to pick up your phone to connect with someone. ____20____ Developing authentic connections with supportive friends and family in person can lower stress and provide a deeper sense of belonging. A. Pursue non- digital interests. B. occupy yourself with different activities. C. Its result is real — you’re overusing your brain. D. Instead, make an effort to socialize with others in the real world. E. It’s not a medically recognized condition, but a real phenomenon. F. Next set boundaries around the hours you invest in digital pursuits each day. G. Over time, however, brain rot behavior can affect your mental and emotional well-being. 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了脑腐现象及其危害，并给出了预防脑腐、合理使用媒体的策略。 【16题详解】 由上文“Brain rot is a state of mental fogginess and cognitive (感知的) decline that results from excessive screen engagement. Is brain rot real? (脑腐是一种由于过度使用屏幕而导致的精神模糊和认知能力下降的状态。脑腐是真的吗？)”可知，本空应回答脑腐是否真实存在。E选项“It’s not a medically recognized condition, but a real phenomenon. (它不是一种医学上公认的病症，而是一种真实存在的现象。)”既明确了脑腐的真实性，又补充其非医学定义的属性，能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。 【17题详解】 由上文“On the surface, spending a lot of time on your smartphone or in front of a computer may seem harmless. (表面上看，花大量时间在智能手机或电脑前似乎并无害处。)”及下文“Activities like scrolling have a negative impact on the brain’s reward system. (像滚动屏幕这样的活动会对大脑的奖励系统产生负面影响。)”可知，本空应强调长时间使用屏幕的潜在危害。G选项“Over time, however, brain rot behavior can affect your mental and emotional well-being. (然而，随着时间的推移，脑腐行为会影响你的精神和情感健康。)”是对长时间使用屏幕潜在危害的阐述，能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 【18题详解】 由上文“Set limits on screen time. Start by tracking how much time you spend browsing, scrolling social media, watching videos, and gaming. You may be shocked to discover how much time you spend in front of screens. (限制屏幕使用时间。首先，记录下你花在浏览、滚动社交媒体、观看视频和玩游戏上的时间。你可能会震惊地发现，你在屏幕前花了多少时间。)”及下文“Delete distracting apps from your phone and turn off notifications for news and social media. (从手机上删除分散注意力的应用程序，并关闭新闻和社交媒体的通知。)”可知，本空应进一步阐述如何限制屏幕使用时间。F选项“Next set boundaries around the hours you invest in digital pursuits each day. (接下来，为你每天投入在数字活动上的时间设定界限。)”是对限制屏幕使用时间的进一步阐述，能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。 【19题详解】 由下文“There’s a huge world beyond your screen. Reconnect yourself with it by digging into hobbies and activities you enjoy such as going camping and listening to music. In addition, you can volunteer for an organization you believe in or take your favorite exercise. (屏幕之外有一个巨大的世界。通过投身于你喜欢的爱好和活动，如露营和听音乐，来重新与这个世界建立联系。此外，你可以为你相信的组织做志愿者，或者进行你最喜欢的运动。)”可知，本空应强调追求非数字兴趣的重要性。A选项“Pursue non- digital interests. (追求非数字兴趣。)”是对追求非数字兴趣的直接阐述，能引出下文，符合题意。故选A。 【20题详解】 由上文“Connect offline with positive people. Your first instinct may be to pick up your phone to connect with someone. (与积极的人进行线下联系。你的第一反应可能是拿起手机与某人联系。)”及下文“Developing authentic connections with supportive friends and family in person can lower stress and provide a deeper sense of belonging. (与支持你的朋友和家人建立真实的面对面联系可以降低压力，并提供更深层次的归属感。)”可知，本空应强调与他人进行真实面对面联系的重要性。D选项“Instead, make an effort to socialize with others in the real world. (相反，要努力在现实世界中与他人交往。)”是对与他人进行真实面对面联系的直接阐述，能承上启下，符合题意。故选D。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In a remote village divided by a wide river, the elderly carpenter Elias watched with worry as the only bridge slowly rotted. The villagers on both sides, once a united community, had grown ____21____ and indifferent. Elias, though skilled, felt the problem was too big for one man. It seemed ____22____. Instead of appealing to the ____23____ , who were busy with their farms and arguments, he started a small project. He began ____24____ beautiful wooden toys— small boats, horses, and birds, in his yard. He then ____25____ these toys to the children, amusing them with stories of how kids from both sides used to play together on the bridge. Fascinated, the children began to meet by the river. They started playing, first ____26____, then with growing joy. This simple act changed the ____27____. Seeing their children form friendships, the parents’ hearts began to ____28____. They started talking to each other again. One morning,____29____ by their children’s laughter echoing across the river, a group of villagers gathered with their ____30____. They approached Elias, ready to work as one. The new bridge was built with wood and nails, and more importantly, with ____31____ trust and cooperation. Elias smiled, knowing that the deepest ____32____ are not always crossed by force, but ____33____ by building quiet, heartfelt connections. He realized that children’s laughter was the real magic that started it all. The new structure was ____34____ a bridge of wood; it was a symbol of a reunited community, leaving everyone with a lasting ____35____ . 21. A. familiar B. accustomed C. associated D. distant 22. A. uncomfortable B. simple C. strange D. unbeatable 23. A. colleagues B. adults C. enemies D. companies 24. A. purchasing B. collecting C. carving D. painting 25. A. sold B. gifted C. lifted D. saved 26 A. hesitantly B. bravely C. eagerly D. angrily 27. A. atmosphere B. occasion C. function D. environment 28. A. soften B. break C. beat D. tighten 29. A. awakened B. interrupted C. inspired D. annoyed 30. A. knives B. relatives C. tools D. toys 31. A. rediscovered B. recharged C. potential D. temporary 32. A. regrets B. divides C. valleys D. memories 33. A. established B. delayed C. measured D. bridged 34. A. more than B. other than C. apart from D. far from 35. A. lesson B. warmth C. mystery D. challenge 【答案】21. D 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了老木匠Elias通过制作木制玩具让孩子相聚，进而促使村民重聚，共同修建桥梁，重建社区联系的故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：河两岸的村民，曾经是一个团结的社区，现在变得疏远且冷漠。A. familiar熟悉的；B. accustomed习惯的；C. associated关联的；D. distant疏远的。根据前文“once a united community”和后文“indifferent”可知，此处需填入一个与united形成反义、且与indifferent情感色彩一致的词，此空用distant指村民变得疏远。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这似乎是无法克服的。A. uncomfortable不舒服的；B. simple简单的；C. strange奇怪的；D. unbeatable无法克服的。根据前文“Elias, though skilled, felt the problem was too big for one man.”可知，此句It指代这个一人无法解决的大问题，此空需填入表示“无法克服的”或“难以战胜的”词，此空用unbeatable指问题似乎无法克服。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有呼吁忙于农活和争吵的成年人，而是开始了一个小项目。A. colleagues同事；B. adults成年人；C. enemies敌人；D. companies公司。根据后文“who were busy with their farms and arguments”和后文“to the children”可知，这群人忙于农活和争吵，符合成年人的特征，且后文中Elias转而求助的对象是children，形成“不找成年人，而找孩子”的对比，此空用adults指成年人。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始在院子里雕刻漂亮的木制玩具——小船、马和鸟。A. purchasing购买；B. collecting收集；C. carving雕刻；D. painting绘画。根据后文“beautiful wooden toys”可知，制作木制玩具最可能的方式就是雕刻，此空用carving指雕刻。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他把这些玩具送给孩子们，给他们讲两岸的孩子过去如何在桥上一起玩耍的故事，逗他们开心。A. sold卖；B. gifted赠送；C. lifted举起；D. saved拯救。根据后文“these toys to the children”和“amusing them with stories”可知，讲故事逗乐他们是一种善意的、旨在建立联系的赠送行为，此空用gifted指赠送玩具。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们开始玩耍，起初犹豫，然后越来越开心。A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. bravely勇敢地；C. eagerly急切地；D. angrily生气地。根据后文“then with growing joy”可知，玩耍的情绪是一个从低到高的过程，因此最初的状态应是略带迟疑或拘谨的犹豫，此空用hesitantly指犹豫地。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个简单的举动改变了氛围。A. atmosphere氛围；B. occasion场合；C. function功能；D. environment环境。根据后文“Seeing their children form friendships”可知，孩子们一起玩耍并建立友谊，这一行为改变的是整个社区的“氛围”或“气氛”，这是一种抽象的社会环境，为后文大人们态度的转变做铺垫，此空用atmosphere指氛围发生了改变。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到孩子们建立了友谊，父母们的心开始软化。A. soften软化；B. break打破；C. beat跳动；D. tighten收紧。根据前文“their children form friendships”和后文“They started talking to each other again.”可知，看到孩子们成为朋友这一温情脉脉的场景会使得父母们原本因隔阂而坚硬的心软化，hearts began to soften是情感转变的常见表达，此空用soften指父母的心开始软化。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，被孩子们的笑声回荡在河面上所鼓舞，一群村民带着工具聚集在一起。A. awakened唤醒；B. interrupted打断；C. inspired启发，鼓舞；D. annoyed使烦恼。根据后文“by their children’s laughter echoing across the river”和“a group of villagers gathered”可知，孩子们的笑声在此处是积极的、充满希望的元素，它应该“激励”或“鼓舞”了村民们采取行动，而不是“打断”或“惹恼”他们，此空用inspired指村民受到鼓舞。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，被孩子们的笑声回荡在河面上所启发，一群村民带着工具聚集在一起。A. knives刀；B. relatives亲戚；C. tools工具；D. toys玩具。根据后文“They approached Elias, ready to work as one.”可知，村民们聚集的目的是要干活建桥，因此他们需要带上工具。同时，这也与Elias木匠的身份和后续的建造工作相呼应，此空用tools指带着工具来干活。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：新桥是用木头和钉子建造的，更重要的是，是用重新找回的信任和合作建造的。A. rediscovered重新发现的；B. recharged再充电的；C. potential潜在的；D. temporary临时的。根据后文“trust and cooperation”以及第一段“once a united community”可知，这个社区曾经是团结的，意味着信任与合作本就存在，只是后来丢失了。现在通过孩子们的努力，大家重新找回了这份情感，此空用rediscovered指重新找回的信任和合作。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Elias笑了，他知道最深的分歧并不总是用武力来跨越，而是通过建立安静、真诚的联系来弥合。A. regrets遗憾；B. divides分歧；C. valleys山谷；D. memories记忆。根据后文“are not always crossed by force”可知，cross常与divides (分歧、隔阂)或gap (鸿沟)等抽象名词搭配，形象地描述了解决分歧的过程，此空用divides指最深的分歧。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Elias笑了，他知道最深的分歧并不总是用武力来跨越，而是通过建立安静、真诚的联系来弥合。A. established建立；B. delayed延迟；C. measured测量；D. bridged弥合。根据前文“not always crossed by force”可知，最深的分歧不靠武力也是可以消弭的，bridge作动词既可以指实际建桥，也可以是比喻意义的弥合人际隔阂，此空用bridged指弥合分歧。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：这个新建筑不仅仅是一座木桥；它是一个重聚社区的象征，给每个人留下了持久的温暖。A. more than不仅仅；B. other than除了；C. apart from除了；D. far from远非。根据后文“it was a symbol of a reunited community”可知，新建筑是团结社区的象征表明这座桥的意义超越了其物理实体，因此它不仅仅是一座木桥，此空用more than指它不仅仅是一座桥。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个新建筑不仅仅是一座木桥；它是一个重聚社区的象征，给每个人留下了持久的温暖。A. lesson教训；B. warmth温暖；C. mystery神秘；D. challenge挑战。根据前文“a symbol of a reunited community”可知，社区从疏远淡漠到重聚，故事结尾理应留下一种积极的、情感上的遗产，持久的温暖最能体现重建联系后社区充满人情味的氛围，与开头的冷漠形成鲜明对比，此空用warmth指留下了持久的温暖。故选B。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The artificial intelligence (AI) revolution is often compared to the industrial revolution. One key difference lies in energy ____36____(consume). Training a large AI model can use more electricity than 100 homes need in a year. AI systems are growing more and more complex and the energy demands ____37____ (increase) rapidly. This situation poses a challenge to global efforts for sustainable development. _____38_____, researchers are actively seeking solutions. One promising method is to use extra energy from renewable sources. For example, data centers can be programmed ____39____(perform) energy-intensive tasks when solar or wind power is most available. This approach helps reduce carbon emissions and enables ____40____ more efficient use of clean energy. Another strategy is committed to ____41____ (design) new AI chips. Scientists are developing the only hardware ____42____ imitates the human brain’s highly efficient way of processing information. These brain- like chips potentially reduce AI’s energy use by over 90%. Such an achievement would represent a great leap in sustainable computing. The ultimate goal is to ensure AI’s development matches environmental protection. By combining smart energy management with innovative hardware, we can power the future of AI ____43____ putting too much pressure on our planet. This balance is ____44____ (true) important for our shared future. Everyone should realize that a sustainable approach ____45____ (require) for technological progress. 【答案】36. consumption 37. are increasing 38. However 39. to perform 40. a 41. designing 42. that 43. without 44. truly 45. is required 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人工智能革命与工业革命的关键差异在于能源消耗，以及研究人员为解决人工智能能源需求增长问题所采取的可持续发展策略。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：一个关键差异在于能源消耗。根据介词in可知，此空应是名词作宾语。consume的名词形式是consumption，表示“消耗”，是不可数名词。故填consumption。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：人工智能系统变得越来越复杂，能源需求正在迅速增长。根据“are growing”以及“rapidly”可知，此处表示动作正在进行，应用现在进行时。主语demands复数，be动词用are，increase的现在分词是increasing。故填are increasing。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：这种情况对全球可持续发展努力构成了挑战。然而，研究人员正在积极寻求解决方案。前后句是转折关系，且空格后有逗号，应用副词however，句首单词首字母大写。故填However。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，当太阳能或风能最可用时，数据中心可以编程(执行)能源密集型任务。be programmed to do sth.是固定用法，意为“被编程做某事”，此处用动词不定式作补语。故填to perform。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这种方法有助于减少碳排放，并实现对清洁能源更高效的利用。此处use是可数名词单数，a more efficient use of...表示“对……更高效的利用”，more以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：另一种策略致力于设计新的人工智能芯片。be committed to doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“致力于做某事”，此处to是介词，后接动名词作宾语。故填designing。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：科学家们正在开发唯一一种模仿人类大脑高效处理信息方式的硬件。先行词hardware被the only修饰，且在定语从句中作主语，关系代词应用that。故填that。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：通过将智能能源管理与创新硬件相结合，我们可以在不给地球带来过多压力的情况下为人工智能的未来提供动力。根据下一句的balance可知，此处是指“不给地球带来过多压力”，应用介词without，表示“没有”。故填without。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：这种平衡对我们共同的未来确实很重要。此空修饰形容词important，应用副词 truly，表示“确实”。故填truly。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：每个人都应该意识到，技术进步需要一种可持续的方法。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，a sustainable approach与require是动宾关系，应用被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用is，require的过去分词是required。故填is required。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 为庆祝即将到来的世界问候日(World Hello Day)，你校英文报将开设“Greetings Around the World”专栏，旨在促进跨文化理解。假定你是校英文报编辑李华，请给你校来自英国的外教Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他为该专栏投稿。内容包括： 1.注意事项； 2.你的期待。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, I’m writing to invite you to _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Chris, I’m writing to invite you to contribute an article to our school English newspaper’s column “Greetings Around the World” in celebration of World Hello Day. Could you share British greeting customs, such as common phrases in daily conversations or etiquette in different situations (like formal meetings or casual chats with neighbors)? Please keep the article around 300 words, and add simple examples to make it easy for students to understand. The deadline is October 20th; you can send it to lihua123@school.com. Your sharing will help students learn about cross-cultural differences better. We’re really looking forward to your wonderful work! Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以校英文报编辑李华身份，给外教Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他为Greetings Around the World专栏投稿，内容需包含注意事项和个人期待。 【详解】1.词汇积累 投稿：contribute → submit 习俗：customs → traditions 截止日期：deadline → due date/ be due on.. 期待：look forward to → expect/ anticipate 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Could you share British greeting customs, such as common phrases in daily talks or etiquette in different situations (like formal meetings or casual chats with neighbors)? 拓展句：Would you mind sharing British greeting customs, such as common phrases used in daily conversations or etiquette applicable to different scenarios, such as formal meetings or casual chats with neighbors? 【点睛】【高分句型1】Please keep the article around 300 words, and add simple examples to make it easy for students to understand. (运用了make it + adj. for sb. to do sth.的结构) 【高分句型2】Your sharing will help students learn about cross-cultural differences better. (运用了动名词结构作主语) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On the afternoon of my eighteenth birthday, I was driving my dad’s old car around town, feeling absolutely free and excited. The sun was shining, and everything felt perfect. As I made a turn a bit too quickly, the worst thing happened. There was a loud, sharp sound of metal scraping against metal. My heart jumped into my throat — I had sideswiped a car parked by the pavement. I stopped the car, my hands shaking on the wheel. I looked around nervously. The street was completely empty; no one had seen the accident. A powerful thought rushed into my head: “Just drive away. No one will ever know.” The car I hit was a beautiful, brand-new Mercedes, and the scratch along its door was long and deep. My own car only had a small bump. panic filled me. I had worked hard to save money for my first semester s college books, and I knew that money would be wiped out by this repair. The temptation to escape was overwhelming. But then, I pictured my dad’s serious face. He had always taught me that taking responsibility for your actions was what defined a person. With a heart that felt like a heavy stone, I pulled over behind the Mercedes. I found a notebook and a pen in my backpack. My hands were trembling so much that the writing was messy. I wrote down my name, my phone number, my address, and a short apology. I tore out the page, walked back to the Mercedes, and carefully put the note under its windshield wiper. Driving home, I was consumed with dread, already imagining the angry phone call and the financial trouble that would follow me to college. The call came that evening. A woman’s voice, calm and steady, asked for me.“This is Mrs. Gable,” she said. “I’m calling about the note you left on my car.” I braced for the worst, and my apology tumbled out in a rushed, nervous stream. She listened quietly until I finished. “The scratch on my car is quite noticeable,” she said, pausing. My stomach tightened into a knot, sure she was about to demand a huge payment. Then she added, her voice warming, “But so is your honesty.” 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右; (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Mrs. Gable’s words hung in the air for what felt like an age. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A week later, a small package arrived in the mail for me. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Mrs. Gable’s words hung in the air for what felt like an age. I stared at the phone, unable to believe my ears — fear of a huge bill had weighed on me all afternoon, but her kindness took away all my anxiety. She continued, “My grandson once made a similar mistake and ran away, which made him feel guilty for weeks. Your honesty is far more valuable than a scratch on a car.” She then said her insurance would cover most of the repair cost, and I only needed to pay 100 dollars, a sum I could afford with my part-time savings. I thanked her repeatedly, my heart filled with gratitude. A week later, a small package arrived in the mail for me. Inside was a handwritten card and a book named The Power of Honesty. On the card, Mrs. Gable wrote, “I hope this book reminds you that honesty always lights the way, even when things seem dark.” I opened the book and found a 100-dollar bill tucked inside — she’d returned my money! Holding the card and book, I thought of my dad’s teachings: responsibility isn’t just about facing mistakes, but about keeping your integrity. This accident taught me that honesty doesn’t just avoid trouble — it brings unexpected warmth and trust. 【解析】 【导语】本文以诚实的品质为线索展开，讲述了作者因意外刮蹭车辆后诚实面对，得到车主Mrs. Gable的善意对待，并从中领悟到诚实价值的故事。 【详解】 1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Mrs. Gable的话在空中停留了仿佛一个世纪”可知，第一段可描写作者听到Mrs. Gable话语后的反应，她分享了孙子的经历并告知维修费用，作者满是感激。 ②由第二段首句内容“一周后，一个小包裹寄到了我这里”可知，第二段可描写作者收到包裹后的发现，里面有卡片、书籍和退回的钱，作者由此领悟到诚实的深层意义。 2. 续写线索： Mrs. Gable的善意——支付费用——收到包裹——领悟诚实价值 3.词汇激活 行为类 ① 刮蹭：scratch/ scrape ② 支付，赔偿：pay/ compensate for ③ 提醒：remind/ alert 情绪类 ① 焦虑：anxiety/ worry / fuss ② 感激：gratitude/ appreciation 【点睛】【高分句型1】She continued, “My grandson once made a similar mistake and ran away, which made him feel guilty for weeks.  (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】This accident taught me that honesty doesn’t just avoid trouble — it brings unexpected warmth and trust. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $