时态 导学案-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

专题一 动词时态 ( 情境导入 ) My friends went (go) on a secret naval mission to collect evidence of a mysterious sea creature 2 months ago.① By the time I got the news they had departed (depart) from Nantucket.② Then they had been searching (search) for the mysterious sea creature for almost 3 weeks before they got some clues.③ One night, an unknown creature attacked their ship. At that time, they were sleeping (sleep), so they missed the chance to catch it.④ But they don’t give (not give) up.⑤ Right now, they are preparing (prepare) for their next mission.⑥ And they have been researching (research) possible sightings of the creature for a year.⑦ Luckily, they have built (build) a special submarine so far, which is helpful for naval missions.⑧ Next week, they will depart (depart) again.⑨ They will be sailing (sail) on the sea at this time next Monday.⑩ According to their plan, the submarine will have reached (reach) a specific depth a month from now.⑪ And My friends will have been voyaging (voyage) for 2 months.⑫ I. 在数轴中标明①-⑫中所填入的各个动作 II. 句式升级：分析以下句子的时态 Yesterday my friends told me that... 1. they would depart (depart) again. 2. They would be sailing (sail) on the sea at this time next Monday. 3. the submarine would have reached (reach) a specific depth a month from now. 4. They would be voyaging (voyage) for 2 months. ( 归纳总结 ) 英语中的动词的时态变化根据时间分为 现在 、 过去 、 将来 、 过去将来 ；根据动作方式分为 一般 、 进行 、 完成 、 完成进行 。 现在 过去 将来 过去将来 一般 do/does am/is/are did was/were will do will be would do would be 进行 am/is/are doing was/were doing will be doing would be doing 完成 have/has done have/has been had done had been will have done will have been would have done would have been 完成进行 have/has been doing had been doing will have been doing would have been doing ( 小试牛刀 ) 判断下列动词时态，并填入正确形式。 1. Henry teaches (teach) at No.1 school. He has been teaching (teach) for 30 years there. He will retire (retire) next year. 2. They were debating (debate) whether to carry on with the experiment when I entered the room. 3. I didn’t meet Lucy at the party because she had left (leave) before I got there. 4. I'm busy right now. I am filling (fill) in an application form for a new job. 5. At the very beginning of the class, the teacher asked (ask) us to hand in our homework tomorrow morning. 6. Last week he promised that he would come (come), but he hasn't arrived yet. ( 时态精讲 ) 一、 一般体 1. 一般现在时 1）表示经常性、习惯性、永久性的或反复发生的动作或状态（常与often，sometimes，usually，always，twice a month，every week，on Sundays，occasionally，generally，weekly，now and then，every so often，as a rule，rarely等状语连用）。 ◆He always takes a walk in the evening. 他总是在傍晚散步。 2）不受时间限制的客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，客观事实或格言，谚语等。 ◆The earth moves round the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 3）在由when，if，after，before，although，as，as soon as，the minute，the next time，whether，even if，in case，though，till，until，unless，so long as，where，whatever，wherever等引导的表示时间、条件、比较等状语从句中，用一般现在时代表将来。 ◆If it rains tomorrow（如果明天下雨），we won’t have the sports meeting. 2. 一般过去时 1) 表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间发生的动作或情况。这种用法的过去时间可以是指明的，也可以是不指明的。（常与表示具体的过去时间状语连用，如yesterday, last month, just now, the other day, three days ago, in 1989等） ◆The other day I came across an old friend（我遇到了一位老朋友）at the top of Mount Tai. 2) 在表示时间或条件等的状语从句中，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。 ◆We would not leave until he came back（直到他回来）. 3) 表示过去的习惯动作。 ◆When he was in the city, he often went (go) to the Central Supermarket. 3. 一般将来时 表示在现在看来将要发生的行为动作或存在的状态，常与一般将来时连用的时间状语有： in two days, some day, in the future, tomorrow,the day after tomorrow, from now on, next year等。 1) will/shall do sth. ◆We will know more and more as time goes on. 随着时间的流逝，我们会知道得越来越多。 2) be going to do sth. 可以表示主观打算做某事，也可以表示客观上即将发生的事情。 ◆It is going to be a fine day for surfing tomorrow. 明天将会是冲浪的好天气。 3) be to do sth.表示按计划或安排即将要做某事，或者按照职责、义务、规定等要做某事。 ◆The engineer is to visit our factory next week. 那位工程师下周要来参观我们工厂。 4) be about to do sth.表示即将要发生某事。该结构通常不与具体的时间状语连用。 ◆Don’t go out . We are about to have dinner.（我们很快就要吃饭了。） 5) 现在进行时表将来：①当表示计划好，准备好要做某事时，可用现在进行时表将来。②动词是一些表示动作转换的瞬间动词，如：go, come, leave, start, begin等。 ◆I’m taking the kids to the zoo this Sunday. 这个周末我要带孩子们去动物园。 ◆Wait a minute. I’m coming. 等一下，我马上来了。 4. 过去将来时 过去将来时表示在过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。即过去将来时是“立足过去，着眼未来”的一种时态，常用于宾语从句中。 ◆He said that he would wait for me at the gate. 他说过他会在门口等我。 2、 进行体 1. 现在进行时 1）表示现在正在进行的动作或发生的事 ◆Is Tom studying in the library now ? Tom正在图书馆学习吗？ 2）在某一时间段内一直在进行的动作，包括现在 ◆We are having lessons all the afternoon. 一下午我都在上课。 3）现在进行时态与频率副词always, constantly连用表达某种感情色彩，如不满、厌恶、赞赏等。 ◆Why are you always coming late for work? 你为什么总是上班迟到？ 4）瞬间动词的进行时表示将来，如go, come, leave, enter… ◆He is meeting the manager tomorrow. ◆Where are you going next Sunday? 2. 过去进行时 1）表示过去某一时刻或某阶段正在发生的动作 ◆What were you doing this time last year? 去年这个时候，你正在做什么？ 2）在过去的某一时间段内正在一直在持续的动作 ◆They were expecting you yesterday（昨天他们一直在等你）, but you didn’t turn up. 他总是在傍晚散步。 3) 瞬间动词的过去进行时表示从过去某一段时间将要发生的动作，一般强调按计划、要求、打算进行的动作。如go, come, leave, enter… ◆She said she was coming to see her grandpa the next month. 3. 将来进行时 表示在现在看来将来某一时间或某一时刻要进行的动作 ◆Professor Smith will be giving another talk on environment at the same time next week. 史密斯教授下周同一时间将就环境问题再次进行演讲。 3、 完成体 1. 现在完成时 1）表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，着眼点在现在。 ◆Global warming has already caused a wide range of problems. 全球变暖已经造成了一系列问题。 2）表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在，并可能延续下去的动作。常同表示包括现在时间在内的一段时间的状语连用，如：so far, up to now, since last year, for a long time, all my life, these few days等。 ◆Great changes in every field have taken place in the past 10 years. 过去10年里，各领域都发生了巨大变化。 ★瞬间动词和延续性动词 瞬间动词的肯定形式不能和时间段（for, since, how long）连用。如果连用需要把瞬间动词改成延续性动词或可延续的状态。 常用的如下： leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have, begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish --- be over, open ---be open, join --- be in+组织机构、be a member of+组织机构, get up---be up, catch a cold --- have a cold, come here --- be here, go there --- be there, become --- be, come back --- be back, fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in) ◆It has been 8 years since Mary got married. Mary has been married for 8 years. Mary已经结婚8年了。 2. 现在完成进行时 表示从过去某一时刻开始的动作一直延续到现在，而且可能继续进行下去。 ◆We have been trying to make our environment more beautiful, since the time humankind started gardening(园艺技术). 3. 过去完成时 1) 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。 ◆Helen had left her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband came home. ◆When I got to the cinema yesterday, the film had already begun. 昨天当我到电影院时，电影已经开始了。 2) 表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直延续到过去的这一时间，而且还可能继续下去的动作，常和for, since构成的短语或引导的从句连用。 ◆By the time I left the school, he had taught the class for 3 years. 3) 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose 等，用过去完成时表示“原本……(事实上未能……)”。 ◆We had expected that you would be able to win the match. 4. 将来完成时 表示在现在看来将来某个时间某个动作将要完成, 常用的时间状语为：by+将来某个时间。 ◆We will have finished the project by the end of this year. 到今年年末为止，我们就会完成这个项目。 ( 巩固训练 ) 1. When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him, but I have changed (change) my mind since. 2. What do you think the children are doing (do) when we get home? 3. Tom called to tell his mother that he couldn’t enter the house, for he had left (leave) his key at school. 4. Scientists wanted to find out whether these new technologies would work (work). 5. Columbus proved that the earth is (be) round. 6. By the time he graduates from the university next year, he will have learned (learn) English for 8 years. 7. I was standing (stand) by the car when a hummingbird flew to the center of our group and began hovering. 8. Bailey then bent down to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried (carry) her all the way to the finish line. 9. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn (earn) a zero. 10. Chinese people have been coming (come) here for more than a hundred years. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题一 动词时态 ( 情境导入 ) My friends _____________ (go) on a secret naval mission to collect evidence of a mysterious sea creature 2 months ago.① By the time I got the news they _________________ (depart) from Nantucket.② Then they _________________ (search) for the mysterious sea creature for almost 3 weeks before they got some clues.③ One night, an unknown creature attacked their ship. At that time, they _________________ (sleep), so they missed the chance to catch it.④ But they _________________ (not give) up.⑤ Right now, they _________________ (prepare) for their next mission.⑥ And they ____________________ (research) possible sightings of the creature for a year.⑦ Luckily, they _________________ (build) a special submarine so far, which is helpful for naval missions.⑧ Next week, they _________________ (depart) again.⑨ They _________________ (sail) on the sea at this time next Monday.⑩ According to their plan, the submarine ____________________ (reach) a specific depth a month from now.⑪ And My friends ______________________ (voyage) for 2 months.⑫ I. 在数轴中标明①-⑫中所填入的各个动作 II. 句式升级：分析以下句子的时态 Yesterday my friends told me that... 1. they _________________ (depart) again. 2. They _________________ (sail) on the sea at this time next Monday. 3. the submarine ____________________ (reach) a specific depth a month from now. 4. They ______________________ (voyage) for 2 months. ( 归纳总结 ) 英语中的动词的时态变化根据时间分为______________、______________、______________、______________；根据动作方式分为______________、______________、______________、______________。 现在 过去 将来 过去将来 一般 do/does am/is/are 进行 am/is/are doing 完成 have/has done have/has been 完成进行 have/has been doing ( 小试牛刀 ) 判断下列动词时态，并填入正确形式。 1. Henry _______________ (teach) at No.1 school. He _______________ (teach) for 30 years there. He ________________ (retire) next year. 2. They ________________ (debate) whether to carry on with the experiment when I entered the room. 3. I didn’t meet Lucy at the party because she _________________ (leave) before I got there. 4. I'm busy right now. I ______________ (fill) in an application form for a new job. 5. At the very beginning of the class, the teacher ______________ (ask) us to hand in our homework tomorrow morning. 6. Last week he promised that he ________________ (come), but he hasn't arrived yet. ( 时态精讲 ) 一、 一般体 1. 一般现在时 1）表示经常性、习惯性、永久性的或反复发生的动作或状态（常与often，sometimes，usually，always，twice a month，every week，on Sundays，occasionally，generally，weekly，now and then，every so often，as a rule，rarely等状语连用）。 ◆________________________________________________________________________________ 他总是在傍晚散步。 2）不受时间限制的客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，客观事实或格言，谚语等。 ◆________________________________________________________________________________ 地球绕着太阳转。 3）在由when，if，after，before，although，as，as soon as，the minute，the next time，whether，even if，in case，though，till，until，unless，so long as，where，whatever，wherever等引导的表示时间、条件、比较等状语从句中，用一般现在时代表将来。 ◆_________________________________________________（如果明天下雨），we won’t have the sports meeting. 2. 一般过去时 1) 表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间发生的动作或情况。这种用法的过去时间可以是指明的，也可以是不指明的。（常与表示具体的过去时间状语连用，如yesterday, last month, just now, the other day, three days ago, in 1989等） ◆The other day _________________________________________________（我遇到了一位老朋友）at the top of Mount Tai. 2) 在表示时间或条件等的状语从句中，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。 ◆We would not leave _________________________________________________（直到他回来）. 3) 表示过去的习惯动作。 ◆When he was in the city, he often ________________ (go) to the Central Supermarket. 3. 一般将来时 表示在现在看来将要发生的行为动作或存在的状态，常与一般将来时连用的时间状语有： in two days, some day, in the future, tomorrow,the day after tomorrow, from now on, next year等。 1) will/shall do sth. ◆________________________________________________________________________________ 随着时间的流逝，我们会知道得越来越多。 2) be going to do sth. 可以表示主观打算做某事，也可以表示客观上即将发生的事情。 ◆________________________________________________________________________________ 明天将会是冲浪的好天气。 3) be to do sth.表示按计划或安排即将要做某事，或者按照职责、义务、规定等要做某事。 ◆________________________________________________________________________________ 那位工程师下周要来参观我们工厂。 4) be about to do sth.表示即将要发生某事。该结构通常不与具体的时间状语连用。 ◆Don’t go out . _______________________________________________________________（我们很快就要吃饭了。） 5) 现在进行时表将来：①当表示计划好，准备好要做某事时，可用现在进行时表将来。②动词是一些表示动作转换的瞬间动词，如：go, come, leave, start, begin等。 ◆________________________________________________________________________________ 这个周末我要带孩子们去动物园。 ◆________________________________________________________________________________ 等一下，我马上来了。 4. 过去将来时 过去将来时表示在过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。即过去将来时是“立足过去，着眼未来”的一种时态，常用于宾语从句中。 ◆________________________________________________________________________________ 他说过他会在门口等我。 2、 进行体 1. 现在进行时 1）表示现在正在进行的动作或发生的事 ◆________________________________________________________________________________ Tom正在图书馆学习吗？ 2）在某一时间段内一直在进行的动作，包括现在 ◆________________________________________________________________________________ 一下午我都在上课。 3）现在进行时态与频率副词always, constantly连用表达某种感情色彩，如不满、厌恶、赞赏等。 ◆________________________________________________________________________________ 你为什么总是上班迟到？ 4）瞬间动词的进行时表示将来，如go, come, leave, enter… ◆He is meeting the manager tomorrow. ◆Where are you going next Sunday? 2. 过去进行时 1）表示过去某一时刻或某阶段正在发生的动作 ◆________________________________________________________________________________ 去年这个时候，你正在做什么？ 2）在过去的某一时间段内正在一直在持续的动作 ◆_______________________________________________________________（昨天他们一直在等你）, but you didn’t turn up. 他总是在傍晚散步。 3) 瞬间动词的过去进行时表示从过去某一段时间将要发生的动作，一般强调按计划、要求、打算进行的动作。如go, come, leave, enter… ◆She said she was coming to see her grandpa the next month. 3. 将来进行时 表示在现在看来将来某一时间或某一时刻要进行的动作 ◆________________________________________________________________________________ 史密斯教授下周同一时间将就环境问题再次进行演讲。 3、 完成体 1. 现在完成时 1）表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，着眼点在现在。 ◆________________________________________________________________________________ 全球变暖已经造成了一系列问题。 2）表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在，并可能延续下去的动作。常同表示包括现在时间在内的一段时间的状语连用，如：so far, up to now, since last year, for a long time, all my life, these few days等。 ◆________________________________________________________________________________ 过去10年里，各领域都发生了巨大变化。 ★瞬间动词和延续性动词 瞬间动词的肯定形式不能和时间段（for, since, how long）连用。如果连用需要把瞬间动词改成延续性动词或可延续的状态。 常用的如下： leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have, begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish --- be over, open ---be open, join --- be in+组织机构、be a member of+组织机构, get up---be up, catch a cold --- have a cold, come here --- be here, go there --- be there, become --- be, come back --- be back, fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in) ◆________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ Mary已经结婚8年了。 2. 现在完成进行时 表示从过去某一时刻开始的动作一直延续到现在，而且可能继续进行下去。 ◆We have been trying to make our environment more beautiful, since the time humankind started gardening(园艺技术). 3. 过去完成时 1) 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。 ◆Helen had left her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband came home. ◆________________________________________________________________________________ 昨天当我到电影院时，电影已经开始了。 2) 表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直延续到过去的这一时间，而且还可能继续下去的动作，常和for, since构成的短语或引导的从句连用。 ◆By the time I left the school, he had taught the class for 3 years. 3) 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose 等，用过去完成时表示“原本……(事实上未能……)”。 ◆We had expected that you would be able to win the match. 4. 将来完成时 表示在现在看来将来某个时间某个动作将要完成, 常用的时间状语为：by+将来某个时间。 ◆________________________________________________________________________________ 到今年年末为止，我们就会完成这个项目。 ( 巩固训练 ) 1. When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him, but I _______________ (change) my mind since. 2. What do you think the children ________________ (do) when we get home? 3. Tom called to tell his mother that he couldn’t enter the house, for he ______________ (leave) his key at school. 4. Scientists wanted to find out whether these new technologies __________________ (work). 5. Columbus proved that the earth ______________ (be) round. 6. By the time he graduates from the university next year, he ______________ (learn) English for 8 years. 7. I ________________ (stand) by the car when a hummingbird flew to the center of our group and began hovering. 8. Bailey then bent down to let Lenoue climb onto her back and ________________ (carry) her all the way to the finish line. 9. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it ________________ (earn) a zero. 10. Chinese people ____________________ (come) here for more than a hundred years. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $