精品解析：山东省实验中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题

秘密★启用并使用完毕前 山东省实验中学2026届高三第二次诊断考试 英语试题 （全卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题纸上。 2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 3. 非选择题的作答：用0.5mm黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where did the man grow up? A. In Madrid. B. In London C. In Paris. 2. Why does the man envy the woman? A. She is a good cook. B She often eats out. C. She is successful. 3. How will the speakers travel? A. By subway. B. By bus. C. By taxi. 4. How much did the man pay for the cap? A. $10. B. $15. C. $20. 5. What does the woman suggest? A. The man is forgetful. B. The man is careless. C. The man is overconfident. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the conversation mainly about? A. A new product. B. A trade show. C. An advertisement. 7. When is the trade show? A. In April. B. In June. C. In September. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the man think of a musical? A. Exciting. B. Boring. C. Relaxing. 9. What does the woman’s father not like? A. Musicals. B. Action movies. C. horror movies. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why does the woman go crazy? A. She can’t print her report. B. She hasn’t a computer. C. She hasn’t a printer. 11. What should the woman have done? A. Checked the settings. B. Read the report. C. saved her document frequently. 12. What will the woman probably have to do according to the man? A. Ask Jones for help. B. rewrite the report. C. Borrow a computer. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why does the woman ask about the rules? A. To know about the place. B. To write a report. C. To design a building. 14. Where can the guests park their cars? A. In the basement. B. Behind the building. C. In front of the building. 15. What pets are permitted in the building? A. Dogs. B. Cats. C. Birds. 16. What should the woman do according to the man? A. Take the waste to the dustbin. B. Use plastic bags for the waste. C. Put the waste in paper bags. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What are these websites about? A. Sending toys to travel. B. Visiting foreign toy companies. C. Introducing some places of interest. 18. What should you do first if you want to take part in it? A. Take some photos of your toy. B. Contact the travel agency. C. Write a blog for your toy. 19. When will a toy begin its journey when the agency receives it? A. Three days later. B. Five days later. C. Seven days later. 20 How will the travel agency deal with the toys eventually? A. Give them away to other children. B. Send them back to their owners. C. Sell them on the Internet. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下面文章，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Volunteer tourism, which combines travel with community service, has grown in popularity among global travelers seeking meaningful experiences. The Telegraph recently featured three short-term volunteer programs focused on cultural heritage preservation, ideal for those wanting to contribute while exploring new destinations. Here are key details: Program Name Location Duration & Schedule Core Duties Program Fee (per person) Temple Restoration Project Luang Prabang, Laos 2 weeks (Mon-Fri: 8:30-11:30, 14:00-17:00) Assist with minor temple repairs; document ancient murals $650 Indigenous Craft Revival Oaxaca, Mexico 3 weeks (Tue-Sat: 9:00-16:00, breaks included) Teach basic digital skills; help record craft techniques $820 Oral History Collection Kyoto, Japan 1 week (Wed-Mon: 10:00-18:00, 1 day off) Translate interviews; organize traditional story archives $580 Additional Information: Accommodation: All programs include stays with local families (2-3 volunteers per household), providing cultural immersion. Inclusions: Program fees cover accommodation, daily meals, and local transportation during work hours. Flights and travel insurance are excluded. Requirements: No professional skills needed, but basic conversational English is required. A passion for cultural preservation is essential. Application Deadline: For 2025 summer programs, applications must be submitted by March 31, 2025. Successful applicants will be notified by April 15. This selection aims to highlight programs that prioritize “responsible engagement rather than one-sided assistance,” as noted by The Telegraph’s travel editor. Each project is co-designed with local communities to ensure long-term benefits. 1. How many hours does a volunteer work per week in the Temple Restoration Project? A. 20 hours. B. 25 hours. C. 30 hours. D. 35 hours. 2. What is a must for those applying for the volunteer programs? A. Fluent English for formal interviews. B Previous volunteer experience in travel. C. Professional skills in cultural preservation. D. A strong interest in protecting cultural heritage. 3. What do the three programs have in common? A. They are located in Asian countries. B. Their core duty is to translate interviews. C. Their program fees include flights and insurance. D. They are developed in cooperation with local communities. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，介绍了《每日电讯报》推荐的三个聚焦文化遗产保护的短期志愿项目，涵盖项目的地点、时长、核心职责、费用等关键信息及附加说明。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Temple Restoration Project的Duration & Schedule部分“2 weeks (Mon-Fri: 8:30-11:30, 14:00-17:00)(2周，周一至周五：8:30-11:30，14:00-17:00)”，每天工作时长为（11:30-8:30）+（17:00-14:00）= 3 + 3 = 6小时，每周工作5天，每周工作时长为6×5 = 30小时。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Requirements部分“A passion for cultural preservation is essential.(对文化保护的热情是必不可少的)”可知，申请这些志愿项目必须对保护文化遗产有浓厚兴趣。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Each project is co-designed with local communities to ensure long-term benefits.(每个项目都是与当地社区共同设计的，以确保长期效益)”可知，这三个项目的共同点是与当地社区合作开发。故选D。 B Wang Zuxian, the 58-year-old Hong Kong actress who rose to fame across Asia for her role as “Xiao Qian” in the classic film A Chinese Ghost Story, has recently attracted the public in a whole new way. Now living in Vancouver, Canada, she has opened a moxibustion (艾灸) clinic that brings Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to an international audience. Since its opening this February, the clinic — offering acupuncture, cupping, and other traditional therapies — has attracted fans from near and far. Many come not only to experience TCM treatments but also to catch a glimpse of the timeless star behind the scenes. Recently, TV host Christopher Downs (Xia Keli) visited the clinic and shared a video online, showing Wang personally examining him and arranging a full treatment session. Wearing a simple blue T-shirt, a green apron(围裙), and a mask that couldn’t hide her gentle eyes and professional manner, she carefully went through Downs’ health report. Her tone was calm and friendly, as if talking to an old friend. She then personally performed cupping and acupuncture. What moved him most was that Wang even remembered his TV shows in Taiwan. Their warm conversation erased any distance between celebrity and fan. “She has no airs at all,” Downs marveled. “She’s still that elegant Xiao Qian I remember.” Though TCM is not mainstream in Western countries, Wang’s clinic has become a cultural bridge. In addition to providing acupuncture and cupping, she gives personalized health advice and shares wellness knowledge rooted in Chinese tradition. Appointments have been fully booked months in advance. Her clients include not only Chinese fans but also many local Canadians curious about TCM. Downs revealed that Wang studied TCM and obtained professional certification before opening the clinic. Netizens commented enthusiastically: “This isn’t a celebrity comeback — it’s cultural heritage in action.” Some hope she will expand her clinic to other countries, allowing TCM to reach more people; others express admiration, saying: “This is true cultural confidence — using her influence to let the world see Chinese wisdom.” 4. Which one is a special reason for the clinic’s popularity? A. It offers extra access to an actress. B. It is located in a famous tourist area. C. It shows the latest medical technology. D. It provides professional health check-ups. 5. What touched Christopher Downs most during his visit to the clinic? A. Wang promised to return to acting soon. B. Wang had an impression of his TV shows. C. Wang performed cupping and acupuncture well. D. Wang brought TCM to an international audience. 6. Why are netizens’ comments mentioned in the last paragraph? A. To explain the reasons behind Wang’s career change. B. To emphasize the commercial success of Wang’s clinic. C. To highlight the cultural significance of Wang’s actions. D. To contrast Western with Traditional Chinese Medicine. 7. What does Christopher Downs think of Wang Zuxian? A. Greedy but easy-going. B. Picky but warm-hearted. C Confident and well-behaved. D. Professional and down-to-earth. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了香港知名女演员王祖贤在加拿大温哥华开设艾灸诊所，将中医疗法推向国际，她的诊所不仅提供专业中医服务，还成为文化桥梁，引发广泛关注和好评的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Many come not only to experience TCM treatments but also to catch a glimpse of the timeless star behind the scenes.(许多人来这里不仅是为了体验中医治疗，也是为了一睹幕后这位永恒明星的风采。)”可知，诊所受欢迎的特殊原因是“能让人们有额外的机会接触到女演员王祖贤”。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“What moved him most was that Wang even remembered his TV shows in Taiwan.(最让他感动的是王祖贤甚至还记得他在台湾的电视节目。)”可知，最让Christopher Downs感动的是王祖贤对他的电视节目有印象。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Netizens commented enthusiastically: “This isn’t a celebrity comeback — it’s cultural heritage in action.” Some hope she will expand her clinic to other countries, allowing TCM to reach more people; others express admiration, saying: “This is true cultural confidence — using her influence to let the world see Chinese wisdom.”(网友们热情评论道：‘这不是明星回归，而是文化遗产在行动。’一些人希望她能把诊所扩展到其他国家，让中医惠及更多人；另一些人则表示钦佩，说：‘这才是真正的文化自信——利用自己的影响力让世界看到中国的智慧。’)”可知，提及网友评论是为了强调王祖贤行为的文化意义——传播中医文化、彰显文化自信。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Wearing a simple blue T-shirt, a green apron (围裙), and a mask that couldn’t hide her gentle eyes and professional manner, she carefully went through downs’ health report. Her tone was calm and friendly, as if talking to an old friend.(她穿着一件简单的蓝色T恤，一条绿色围裙，戴着一个无法掩盖她温柔眼神和专业举止的口罩，仔细地查看了Downs的健康报告。她的语气平静而友好，就像在和一位老朋友交谈。)”以及““She has no airs at all,” Downs marveled. “She’s still that elegant Xiao Qian I remember.”(‘她一点也不摆架子，’Downs惊叹道。‘她还是我记忆中那个优雅的小倩。’)”可知，Christopher Downs认为王祖贤专业且接地气。故选D。 C Artificial intelligence can take down more than routine emails. It has now written tiny working genomes (基因组). Researchers report in a paper posted to bioRxiv.org., two AI models designed the blueprints for 16 viruses capable of attacking Escherichia coli (大肠杆菌) in lab dishes. Given that AI models have already been used to design individual genes and proteins, Brian Hie, a computational biologist at Stanford University and the Arc Institute in Palo Alto, Calif. turned to their own AI models, called Evo 1 and Evo 2, to see if they could create genomes for bacteria-killing viruses. The models were trained on billions of pairs of the genetic alphabet’s basic units, A, C, G and T’s, from phage genomes the way ChatGPT was trained on novels and Internet posts. The team used a phage (噬菌体) called ΦX174—which in 1977 became the first DNA-based genome ever sequenced—as a guide to help the AI design a similar genome. Evo 1 and Evo 2 generated roughly 300 potential phage genomes. Of those, 16 produced viable viruses. Some of the phages even killed E. coli more quickly than ΦX174 did. And although ΦX174 couldn’t kill phage-resistant E. coli on its own, mixture of AI-generated phages rapidly evolved to overcome the bacteria’s resistance to infection. The findings suggest that AI could help researchers develop viruses to use in phage therapy, a potential option to treat microbial (微生物的) infections. Scientists are still debating whether viruses are alive or not. “While there’s a lot of work to go, using AI to design living organisms is a step forward”, says Kimberly Davis, a microbiologist at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health who wasn’t involved in the work. “It is very likely to be used in the microbial manufacturing processes such as cultivating microbes that degrade plastic.” 8. What can be inferred about Evo 1 and Evo 2 in paragraph 2? A. They designed desirable genomes. B. They created DNA-based genomes. C. They guided ΦX174 to design phage genomes. D. They shared the same training method as ChatGPT. 9. What does the underlined word “viable” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Workable. B. Infectious. C. Deadly D. inferior. 10. What does Kimberly Davis’s words suggest? A. Potential application of the findings. B. Need to involve more researches. C. Methods of designing organisms. D. Possible direction for further study. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Escherichia coli: phage-resistant bacteria. B. AI-generated genome: a tiny bacteria killer. C. AI-designed phages: a DNA-based genome. D. Evo 1 and Evo 2: phage genome generators. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了研究人员利用名为Evo 1和Evo 2的人工智能模型设计出了能够攻击大肠杆菌的噬菌体基因组，这些基因组产生的病毒有的甚至比已知的噬菌体更有效，文章还探讨了这一发现的应用潜力。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The models were trained on billions of pairs of the genetic alphabet’s basic units, A, C, G and T’s, from phage genomes the way ChatGPT was trained on novels and Internet posts.(这些模型接受了来自噬菌体基因组的数十亿对遗传字母基本单位A、C、G和T的训练，就像ChatGPT接受小说和互联网帖子训练一样。)”可知，Evo 1和Evo 2与ChatGPT的训练方法相同，都是通过分析大量的数据来进行训练的。故选D。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Of those, 16 produced viable viruses. Some of the phages even killed E. coli more quickly than ΦX174 did.(其中，16个产生了viable病毒。其中一些噬菌体甚至比ΦX174更快地杀死大肠杆菌。)”可知，这些由人工智能生成的噬菌体基因组产生了能够实际起作用、能够杀死大肠杆菌的病毒，由此可推测出viable意为“可行的，起作用的”，与Workable意思相近。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While there’s a lot of work to go, using AI to design living organisms is a step forward.(虽然还有很多工作要做，但使用人工智能来设计生物体是向前迈出的一步。)”和“It is very likely to be used in the microbial manufacturing processes such as cultivating microbes that degrade plastic.(它很可能被用于微生物制造过程，例如培养降解塑料的微生物。)”可知，Kimberly Davis认为虽然还有很多工作要做，但使用人工智能设计生物体是向前迈出的一步，这一发现很可能会被用于微生物制造过程，比如培养降解塑料的微生物，由此可推测出Kimberly Davis的话暗示了这一发现的潜在应用。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Artificial intelligence can take down more than routine emails. It has now written tiny working genomes (基因组). Researchers report in a paper posted to bioRxiv.org., two AI models designed the blueprints for 16 viruses capable of attacking Escherichia coli (大肠杆菌) in lab dishes.(人工智能能处理的不仅仅是日常电子邮件。它现在已经编写出了微小的工作基因组。研究人员在bioRxiv.org上发布的一篇论文中报告称，两个人工智能模型设计了16种能够在实验室培养皿中攻击大肠杆菌的病毒蓝图。)”可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员利用名为Evo 1和Evo 2的人工智能模型设计出了能够攻击大肠杆菌的噬菌体基因组，这些基因组产生的病毒有的甚至比已知的噬菌体更有效，B项（人工智能生成的基因组：一种微小的细菌杀手。）概括了文章的主要内容，适合作为文章标题。故选B。 D What if your friends are going through life-or-death situations in the family? Social exchange theory would suggest that you’d better drop them because they’re not providing as many benefits to you as they could. Different from the exchange-based relationship, real-life experiences with these situations might be the opposite: These are the times when many people are most likely to support their friends. A recent research backs this up. “When surveyed about what they want in a friend, people didn’t place a high value on paying back any debts — something highly valued from a social exchange perspective”. “Instead, they considered other traits — such as loyalty, reliability and being there in times of need — to be much more important”, Charlie Kirk, leader of the investigation added. The essence of friendship may be what is called risk-pooling where our ancient ancestors support each other to survive life challenges. According to the survey by The Human Generosity Project, a cross-disciplinary research collaboration, this kind of friendship can still be found across societies, from “kere kere” in Fiji to “tomor marang” among the Ik in Uganda. Similarly, the Maasai, a native group in Kenya and Tanzania who rely on cattle herds to make their living, cultivate friends who help them when they are in need, with no expectation about paying each other back. Just like the “neighboring” network rooted in southern Arizona and New Mexico, farmers help their neighbors with unpredictable challenges such as an accident, injury or illness. “What all these findings suggest is that friendship is less about the exchange of favors and more about being there for each other when unforeseeable disaster strikes. Friendship seems more like an insurance plan designed to kick in when you need it most rather than a system of balanced exchange”, says Charlie. In a world of growing uncertainty, cultivating risk-pooling friendships and striving to be a good partner yourself may help you build resilience. Our ancestors survived with the help of this kind of relationship; our future may depend on them too. 12. How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph? A. By defining a concept. B. By making a comparison. C. By analyzing reasons. D. By giving examples. 13. Which may be valued according to social exchange theory? A. A good grasp of maths. B. A timely period of company. C. Balanced cost and benefit. D. Distinguished survival skills. 14. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The cases of risk-pooling friendship. B. The reasons for risk-pooling friendship. C. The mechanism of exchange-based friendship. D. The possible logic of exchange-based relationship. 15. What is the author’s attitude toward Charlie Kirk’s research findings? A. Dismissive. B. Approving. C. Neutral. D. Doubtful. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出社会交换理论与现实友谊相悖，研究表明友谊核心是风险共担而非利益交换，且这种友谊普遍存在，对当下和未来都很重要。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“What if your friends are going through life-or-death situations in the family? Social exchange theory would suggest that you’d better drop them because they’re not providing as many benefits to you as they could. Different from the exchange-based relationship, real-life experiences with these situations might be the opposite: These are the times when many people are most likely to support their friends.(倘若你的朋友正身处家庭中的生死攸关的困境之中，那么社会交换理论会指出，你最好放弃与他们保持联系，因为他们给你的益处远远没有达到应有的水平。与基于交换的关系不同，与这类情况的实际接触可能会呈现出相反的情况：在这些关键时刻，许多人最有可能支持自己的朋友)”可知，作者在第一段通过比较提出这个问题。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“What if your friends are going through life-or-death situations in the family? Social exchange theory would suggest that you’d better drop them because they’re not providing as many benefits to you as they could.(如果你的朋友正遭遇家庭中的生死危机，社会交换理论会建议你疏远他们，因为他们无法再为你提供以往那样多的益处)”可知，根据社会交换理论，成本与收益的平衡可以被评估。故选C。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“According to the survey by The Human Generosity Project, a cross-disciplinary research collaboration, this kind of friendship can still be found across societies, from “kere kere” in Fiji to “tomor marang” among the Ik in Uganda. Similarly, the Maasai, a native group in Kenya and Tanzania who rely on cattle herds to make their living, cultivate friends who help them when they are in need, with no expectation about paying each other back. Just like the “neighboring” network rooted in southern Arizona and New Mexico, farmers help their neighbors with unpredictable challenges such as an accident, injury or illness.(根据“人类慷慨度项目”（一项跨学科研究合作项目）的调查，这种友谊在不同社会中依然存在，从斐济的“克雷克雷”到乌干达伊克人的“托莫尔马朗”都属于此类。同样，肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚的马赛族人依靠牛群为生，他们也会结交能在自己需要时提供帮助的朋友，而且彼此之间并不期望回报。就像扎根于亚利桑那州南部和新墨西哥州的“邻里”网络一样，农民们会在面对诸如意外、受伤或疾病等不可预测的挑战时帮助他们的邻居)”可知，第三段主要讲了风险共担型友谊案例。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“In a world of growing uncertainty, cultivating risk-pooling friendships and striving to be a good partner yourself may help you build resilience. Our ancestors survived with the help of this kind of relationship; our future may depend on them too.(在这样一个充满不确定性的世界里，培养能够共担风险的友谊，并努力成为一位优秀的伴侣，或许能帮助你增强适应能力。我们的先辈正是依靠这种关系才得以生存下来；而我们的未来或许也取决于这种关系)”可知，作者对查理·柯克的研究成果持赞成态度。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下列文章，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When we fall behind others or perform less well in areas we care about, a feeling of envy arises. Envy has always been a part of human experience. ____16____ The former brings misery but drives self-improvement and emulation (效仿). Malicious envy, however, leads to harm, like hostile thoughts. Benign envy comes when you think others deserve admiration; malicious envy when you don’t. That’s why you might envy a war hero but not wish him ill, yet enjoy a Hollywood actor’s failed marriage. Envy — especially malicious — is harmful. Neuroscientists find it activates the brain’s anterior cingulate cortex, linked to physical and mental pain. A 2018 Social Science & Medicine study of 18,000 people found envy predicts worse future mental health. It even stops the natural trend of better mental health with age. ____17____ Different people envy different things. I don’t care about others’ fancy boats, but envy men my age with full hair. Scholars note patterns: young people envy education, looks or romance; older people envy money. ____18____ Studies show men envy social status most, women physical attractiveness. Both envy others’ romantic success second. Envy needs exposure to “luckier” people. Social media worsens this — strangers show only admirable and enviable lives. Social media plays an important role in fueling envy. ____19____ Experiments prove passive social media use lowers well-being via more envy. It is impossible to end envy. ____20____ Next time envy hits, think of loved ones or your own good fortune. A. However, gratitude helps. B Academics call this “Facebook envy”. C. And it doesn’t bring economic success. D. Envy often causes fights between people. E. Women are more likely to show envy than men. F. Men and women tend to envy different qualities. G. Scholars categorize envy into benign and malicious envy. 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. F 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍嫉妒分良性与恶意，恶意嫉妒危害身心，不同人群、社交媒体会影响嫉妒，消除嫉妒不可能，感恩可应对。 【16题详解】 根据后文“The former brings misery but drives self-improvement and emulation (效仿). Malicious envy, however, leads to harm, like hostile thoughts. Benign envy comes when you think others deserve admiration; malicious envy when you don’t. That’s why you might envy a war hero but not wish him ill, yet enjoy a Hollywood actor’s failed marriage.(前者会带来痛苦，但能促使自我提升和效仿。然而，恶意的嫉妒会带来伤害，就像充满敌意的想法一样。而善意的嫉妒则是在你认为他人值得赞赏时产生；而恶意的嫉妒则是在你认为他人不值得赞赏时产生。这就是为什么你可能会羡慕一位战功卓著的英雄，但不会希望他遭遇不幸，却会欣赏一位好莱坞演员的失败婚姻)”可知，空后明确提到“前者（The former）”和“恶意嫉妒（Malicious envy）”，说明此处需要先对嫉妒进行分类。选项G“学者将嫉妒分为良性嫉妒和恶意嫉妒”，刚好对应后文的两类嫉妒，起到引出下文的作用。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Envy — especially malicious — is harmful. Neuroscientists find it activates the brain’s anterior cingulate cortex, linked to physical and mental pain. A 2018 Social Science & Medicine study of 18,000 people found envy predicts worse future mental health. It even stops the natural trend of better mental health with age.(嫉妒——尤其是恶意的嫉妒——是有害的。神经科学家发现，嫉妒会激活大脑的前扣带皮层，该区域与身体和精神上的疼痛有关。2018年一项针对18000人的社会科学与医学研究发现，嫉妒预示着未来更糟糕的心理健康状况。它甚至会打破随着年龄增长而自然出现的更好的心理健康趋势)”可知，本段核心讲嫉妒（尤其恶意嫉妒）的危害，前文提到损害心理健康、阻碍心理健康随年龄改善，选项C“而且它也不会带来经济成功”，承接前文的“危害”，补充了嫉妒的另一负面影响，逻辑连贯。故选C。 【18题详解】 根据后文“Studies show men envy social status most, women physical attractiveness. Both envy others’ romantic success second.(研究表明，男性最嫉妒的是社会地位，而女性则最嫉妒的是外在的美貌。两者都嫉妒他人在感情方面的成功)”可知，空后明确对比了男性和女性嫉妒的侧重点（男性最嫉妒社会地位，女性最嫉妒外貌），选项F“男性和女性往往嫉妒不同的特质”，作为段落过渡句，刚好引出后文的性别差异分析。故选F。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Envy needs exposure to “luckier” people. Social media worsens this — strangers show only admirable and enviable lives. Social media plays an important role in fueling envy.(嫉妒需要与“更幸运的人”接触。而社交媒体则加剧了这一现象——陌生人所展示的都是令人钦佩和羡慕的生活状态。社交媒体在助长嫉妒情绪方面起到了重要作用)”可知，前文提到社交媒体加剧嫉妒，选项B“学者称之为‘脸书嫉妒’”，用具体术语指代前文 “社交媒体引发的嫉妒”，且“Facebook”是社交媒体的典型代表，符合语境。故选B。 【20题详解】 根据上文“It is impossible to end envy.(无法消除嫉妒心理)”以及后文“Next time envy hits, think of loved ones or your own good fortune.(下次再有嫉妒情绪时，就想想所爱的人或者自己所拥有的美好事物吧)”可知，前文说“消除嫉妒是不可能的”，空后给出了应对嫉妒的方法（想到爱人或自己的好运），由此可知，空处表示的是嫉妒的危害；结合选项可知，选项D.Envy often causes fights between people.(嫉妒往往引发人与人之间的争斗。)承上启下，符合题意。故选D。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列文章，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The sun shone brightly over the playground as our school’s annual sports meeting kicked off. All students were excited—especially Jack. He had trained for months for the 1500-meter race, ____21____ to win the first prize and break the school ____22____. When the starting gun ____23____ Jack rushed forward and soon took the lead. But halfway through the race, his left shoe lace suddenly came loose. He had to slow down to avoid ____24____. “Just keep going—don’t stop” he ____25____ to himself. At that moment, Jack noticed Tim, his closest ____26____, right behind him. Jack ____27____, expecting Tim to speed past him and take the lead. Instead, Tim ____28____ stopped and shouted, “Jack, fix your shoe first! We should race fair and square!” Hearing that, Jack quickly knelt down, tied his lace, and got back on his ____29____. With new energy, both boys dashed forward. In the end, Tim ____30____ the finish line first. Jack came in second, but he didn’t feel ____31____ at all. After the race, Jack walked up to Tim. “Thank you,” he said ____32____. “You taught me something more important than winning.” Tim smiled. “Winning feels great, but ____33____ is what makes sports truly meaningful.” Indeed, the true ____34____ of sports isn’t just about being the fastest or the strongest. It’s about respecting others, ____35____ the rules, and choosing fair play. 21. A. frustrated B. determined C. thrilled D. shocked 22. A. convention B. rule C. record D. routine 23. A. fired B. exploded C. burst D. opened 24. A. pacing B. tripping C. sliding D. stamping 25. A. replied B. responded C. promised D. whispered 26. A. opponent B. partner C. teammate D. associate 27. A. cheered up B. slowed down C. tensed up D. calmed down 28. A. cautiously B. heartily C. unwillingly D. completely 29. A. lungs B. shoulders C. feet D. knees 30. A. crossed B. caught C. dragged D. escaped 31. A. delighted B. disappointed C. relieved D. panicked 32. A. hesitantly B. quietly C. sincerely D. secretly 33. A. courage B. modesty C. efficiency D. fairness 34. A. belief B. concept C. lesson D. spirit 35. A. following B. breaking C. learning D. adjusting 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。校运会上杰克参加1500米赛跑中途鞋带松开，好友蒂姆未趁机超越反而提醒他系鞋带，最终蒂姆夺冠，杰克虽获第二却领悟了体育公平竞争的真正意义。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他为这场1500米比赛进行了数月的训练，决心要赢得第一名，并打破学校的纪录。A. frustrated沮丧的；B. determined坚定的；C. thrilled激动的；D. shocked震惊的。根据后文“to win the first prize”可知，他决心赢得第一名，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他为这场1500米比赛进行了数月的训练，决心要赢得第一名，并打破学校的纪录。A. convention传统；B. rule规则；C. record记录；D. routine常规。根据上文“to win the first prize and break the school”可知，他想要赢得第一名和打破学校的记录。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：发令枪响时，杰克迅速冲了出去，很快就占据了领先位置。A. fired开火，点燃；B. exploded爆炸；C. burst爆发；D. opened打开。根据上文“the starting gun”以及后文“Jack rushed forward and soon took the lead”可知，杰克出发说明发令枪响起了，fire表示“开火”符合语境。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不得不放慢速度，以免绊倒。A. pacing踱步；B. tripping绊倒；C. sliding滑动；D. stamping踩踏。根据上文“But halfway through the race, his left shoe lace suddenly came loose.”可知，放慢速度是为了不被鞋带绊倒。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“继续前进——别停下”他轻声对自己说道。A. replied回答；B. responded反应；C. promised承诺；D. whispered低语。根据后文“to himself”可知，上文是他对自己低语说的话。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那一刻，杰克发现蒂姆——他最强劲的对手，正在他身后。A. opponent对手；B. partner伙伴；C. teammate队友；D. associate同事、伙伴。根据后文“expecting Tim to speed past him and take the lead”可知，蒂姆是杰克的比赛对手。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：杰克紧绷着神经，心里想着蒂姆会超越他取得领先。A. cheered up使高兴；B. slowed down减速；C. tensed up紧张；D. calmed down平静。根据后文“expecting Tim to speed past him and take the lead”可知，心里想着蒂姆会超越他取得领先，杰克紧张起来。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，蒂姆完全停了下来，大喊道：“杰克，先系好鞋带！我们应该公平竞争！”A. cautiously谨慎地；B. heartily衷心地；C. unwillingly不愿意地；D. completely完全地。根据后文“stopped and shouted”可知，蒂姆完全停了下来，开始喊话。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：听到这话，杰克迅速弯下腰，系好鞋带，然后重新站了起来。A. lungs肺；B. shoulders肩膀；C. feet脚；D. knees膝盖。根据上文“Jack quickly knelt down, tied his lace, and got back on his”可知，杰克先是弯腰，然后系鞋带，最后重新站了起来。故选C。 30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，蒂姆率先冲过了终点线。A. crossed越过，交叉；B. caught抓住；C. dragged拖拉；D. escaped逃走。根据后文“the finish line first”可知，蒂姆率先冲过了终点线。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：杰克获得了第二名，但他一点也不感到失望。A. delighted高兴的；B. disappointed失望的；C. relieved安慰的；D. panicked恐慌。根据上文“Jack came in second”以及常识，可知获得第二名应该是感到失望的心情，故选B。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“谢谢你，”他真诚地说道。A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. quietly安静地；C. sincerely真诚地；D. secretly秘密地。根据后文“You taught me something more important than winning.”可知，他真诚地感谢对方。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“获胜的感觉很棒，但公平性才是让体育运动真正具有意义的关键所在。”A. courage勇气；B. modesty谦虚；C. efficiency效率；D. fairness公平。根据上文“We should race fair and square!”可知，此处想强调体育运动的公平性。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，体育运动的真正精髓并不仅仅在于谁跑得最快或谁力量最强。A. belief信念；B. concept概念；C. lesson课程；D. spirit精神。根据上文“what makes sports truly meaningful”以及后文“of sports isn’t just about being the fastest or the strongest”可知，体育运动的真正精髓并不仅仅在于谁跑得最快或谁力量最强。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这关乎尊重他人、遵守规则以及选择公平竞争。A. following遵守，跟随；B. breaking打破；C. learning学习；D. adjusting调整。根据后文“the rules”指体育运动中遵守比赛规则，用follow。故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下列文章，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Art of Seal Carving Seal carving, a traditional Chinese art with a history of over 3,000 years, is much more than just making stamps. It combines calligraphy, design, and craftsmanship ____36____ small but meaningful works of art. In ancient China, seals ____37____ (use) as personal signatures for official documents, letters, and artworks. Today, they remain popular among artists and collectors, ____38____ (bridge) past and present. Creating a seal ____39____ (involve) several steps: first, the artist writes Chinese characters on a small stone (usually jade, soapstone, or marble) with a special brush. Then, using sharp tools, they carefully carve along the ink, balancing stroke (笔划) strength and overall style. The result is ____40____ unique seal that can leave red impressions on paper. ____41____ makes seal carving ____42____ (fascinate) is its attention to detail. Even a tiny mistake can ruin the whole work, so ____43____ (patient) and precision are key. For high school students, learning about seal carving is a great way ____44____ (understand) Chinese culture, practice concentration, and appreciate the beauty of traditional art. It perfectly shows how art can be both practical and _____45_____ (deep) expressive, even in the smallest forms. 【答案】36. into 37. were used 38. bridging 39. involves 40. a 41. What 42. fascinating 43. patience 44. to understand 45. deeply 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章介绍了拥有3000多年历史的中国传统艺术篆刻，它融合书法、设计与工艺，兼具实用性与表现力，创作需细致耐心，对高中生而言，是了解中国文化、锻炼专注力的好方式。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：它将书法、设计和工艺融合在一起，创作出了小巧却富有意义的艺术作品。短语combine into表示“融合”。故填into。 【37题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：在古代中国，印章被用作官方文件、信件和艺术品的个人签名。主语seals与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文In ancient China可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were used。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，它们依然深受艺术家和收藏家的喜爱，将过去与现在完美地连接了起来。此处bridge与they构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填bridging。 【39题详解】 考查时态。句意：制作印章需要经过几个步骤：首先，工匠会用特制的毛笔在一块小石头（通常是玉石、皂石或大理石）上书写汉字。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语，谓语用三单形式。故填involves。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：其结果是一种独特的印章，能够在纸上留下红色的印记。此处seal为泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【41题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：篆刻之所以迷人，关键在于它对细节的极致追求。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，用what，首字母大写。故填What。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：篆刻之所以迷人，关键在于它对细节的极致追求。作宾补，表示“迷人的”用形容词fascinating。故填fascinating。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：哪怕是一个小小的失误也可能毁掉整个作品，因此耐心和精准是关键所在。作主语，用名词patience，不可数。故填patience。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：对于高中生来说，学习印章雕刻是一种很好的方式，既能了解中国文化，又能锻炼专注力，还能欣赏传统艺术之美。名词way后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to understand。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：这充分展示了艺术既可以具有实用性，又能够极具表现力，即便是在最微小的形式中也是如此。修饰形容词expressive用副词deeply。故填deeply。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周五你校举行了“走近大自然”远足活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 活动内容； 2. 活动反响及意义。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Hiking into Nature ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Hiking into Nature Last Friday, our school organized a “Close to Nature” hiking event. Students gathered at the school gate and hiked to Green Mountain Park. Along the way, we observed diverse plants and birds, took photos, and recorded ecological findings. Upon arrival, we held a picnic and played team-building games. The activity was highly praised by participants. It not only offered a refreshing break from studies but also deepened our appreciation for nature. More importantly, it fostered teamwork and environmental awareness. This experience reminded us to protect our planet while enjoying its beauty. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为校英文报写一篇报道，报道“走近大自然”远足活动内容和活动反响及意义。 【详解】1.词汇积累 各种各样：diverse→various 赞美：praise→compliment 欣赏：enjoy→admire 培养：foster→cultivate 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Upon arrival, we held a picnic and played team-building games. 拓展句：After we arrived, we held a picnic and played team-building games. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It not only offered a refreshing break from studies but also deepened our appreciation for nature.（运用了not only…but also…句型） 【高分句型2】This experience reminded us to protect our planet while enjoying its beauty.（运用了现在分词作状语） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下列文章，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Mrs. Anderson, an old lady, had lived in this neighborhood alone after her child flew the nest, suffering the feeling of isolation and insecurity. And the old house next door to her had been empty for years, its door and windows dusty. One day, she was gazing at her beloved garden from her window when a moving truck pulled up, catching her eye. A young woman stepped out of the truck. She looked tired and overwhelmed, carrying a heavy backpack and guiding two little kids towards the unfamiliar house. Mrs. Anderson felt a pang of sympathy. Without a second thought, she stood up, smoothed her apron （围裙）, and walked out. “Hello there! Welcome to the neighborhood,” she said with a warm smile. “I’m Clara Anderson. Need any help?” The young woman looked up, surprise and relief washing over her face. “Oh, thank you! That would be wonderful. I’m Sarah, and these are my kids, Lily and Leo. It’s been… a bit of a day.” Mrs. Anderson offered to watch the children for an hour so Sarah could unpack in peace, for the old lady knew all too well what it was like to be alone. Mrs. Anderson didn’t just help for that afternoon. She brought over homemade biscuits the next day, accompanied by some lovely flowers from her garden. “These flowers are so beautiful, Mrs. Anderson,” Sarah exclaimed, her eyes lighting up as she caught sight of the vibrant colors. Mrs. Anderson smiled warmly. “Thank you, dear. They are what I care most about every day. I believe life blooms when you put in the care, day after day.” 注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Weeks passed, and the two families formed an unexpected bond. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sarah came to the garden as promised but Mrs. Anderson didn’t appear. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Weeks passed, and the two families formed an unexpected bond. Sarah often invited Mrs. Anderson for dinner, and the children loved listening to her stories. In return, Mrs. Anderson taught Sarah gardening secrets. One rainy afternoon, Sarah noticed Mrs. Anderson struggling to fix a leaky roof. “Let me help!” Sarah insisted, fetching tools. Together they patched the roof, sharing laughter over tea afterward. The children drew Mrs. Anderson a “World’s Best Neighbor” card, which brought tears to her eyes. One day, Mrs. Anderson made an appointment to get together again the next day. Sarah came to the garden as promised but Mrs. Anderson didn’t appear. Worried, Sarah knocked on her door. No answer. She peered through the window and saw Mrs. Anderson lying weakly on the sofa. Sarah immediately called an ambulance. At the hospital, the doctor confirmed it was pneumonia. Sarah stayed by her side, holding her hand. “You cared for us,” she whispered. “Now let us care for you.” Mrs. Anderson smiled faintly, realizing her garden wasn’t the only thing blooming — their friendship had blossomed too. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Mrs. Anderson是一位独居老人，因子女离家而感到孤独。隔壁的老房子空置多年。 新邻居Sarah带着两个孩子搬进隔壁，Mrs. Anderson主动提供帮助，并建立了初步联系。Mrs. Anderson持续帮助Sarah一家，分享自制饼干和花园里的花，传递“生活需要用心照料”的理念。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“几周过去了，两家人意外地建立了深厚的感情。”可知，第一段可描写两家人如何日常互动并按时如约。 ②由第二段首句内容“Sarah如约来到花园，但Mrs. Anderson却没有出现。”可知，第二段可描写Sarah发现Mrs.Anderson未赴约，担心她的健康状况，主动去她家查看。 2.续写线索：互相交往——互相帮助——按时如约——查看——发现生病——救助——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①注意到：notice/observe/take notice of ②团聚：get together/reunite ③呼叫救护车：call an ambulance/ring an ambulance 情绪类 ①一起欢笑：sharing laughter/laughing together ②担忧地：worried/concerned 【点睛】[高分句型1]. Together they patched the roof, sharing laughter over tea afterward. (由非谓语动词现在分词作状语) [高分句型2].The children drew Mrs. Anderson a “World’s Best Neighbor” card, which brought tears to her eyes.(由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 秘密★启用并使用完毕前 山东省实验中学2026届高三第二次诊断考试 英语试题 （全卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题纸上。 2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 3. 非选择题的作答：用0.5mm黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where did the man grow up? A. In Madrid. B. In London C. In Paris. 2. Why does the man envy the woman? A. She is a good cook. B She often eats out. C. She is successful. 3. How will the speakers travel? A. By subway. B. By bus. C. By taxi. 4. How much did the man pay for the cap? A. $10. B. $15. C. $20. 5. What does the woman suggest? A. The man is forgetful. B. The man is careless. C. The man is overconfident. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the conversation mainly about? A. A new product. B. A trade show. C. An advertisement. 7. When is the trade show? A. In April. B. In June. C. In September. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the man think of a musical? A. Exciting. B. Boring. C. Relaxing. 9. What does the woman’s father not like? A Musicals. B. Action movies. C. horror movies. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why does the woman go crazy? A. She can’t print her report. B. She hasn’t a computer. C. She hasn’t a printer. 11. What should the woman have done? A. Checked the settings. B. Read the report. C. saved her document frequently. 12. What will the woman probably have to do according to the man? A. Ask Jones for help. B. rewrite the report. C. Borrow a computer. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why does the woman ask about the rules? A. To know about the place. B. To write a report. C. To design a building. 14. Where can the guests park their cars? A. In the basement. B. Behind the building. C. In front of the building. 15. What pets are permitted in the building? A Dogs. B. Cats. C. Birds. 16. What should the woman do according to the man? A. Take the waste to the dustbin. B. Use plastic bags for the waste. C. Put the waste in paper bags. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What are these websites about? A. Sending toys to travel. B. Visiting foreign toy companies. C. Introducing some places of interest. 18. What should you do first if you want to take part in it? A. Take some photos of your toy. B. Contact the travel agency. C. Write a blog for your toy. 19. When will a toy begin its journey when the agency receives it? A. Three days later. B. Five days later. C. Seven days later. 20. How will the travel agency deal with the toys eventually? A. Give them away to other children. B. Send them back to their owners. C. Sell them on the Internet. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下面文章，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Volunteer tourism, which combines travel with community service, has grown in popularity among global travelers seeking meaningful experiences. The Telegraph recently featured three short-term volunteer programs focused on cultural heritage preservation, ideal for those wanting to contribute while exploring new destinations. Here are key details: Program Name Location Duration & Schedule Core Duties Program Fee (per person) Temple Restoration Project Luang Prabang, Laos 2 weeks (Mon-Fri: 8:30-11:30, 14:00-17:00) Assist with minor temple repairs; document ancient murals $650 Indigenous Craft Revival Oaxaca, Mexico 3 weeks (Tue-Sat: 9:00-16:00, breaks included) Teach basic digital skills; help record craft techniques $820 Oral History Collection Kyoto, Japan 1 week (Wed-Mon: 10:00-18:00, 1 day off) Translate interviews; organize traditional story archives $580 Additional Information: Accommodation: All programs include stays with local families (2-3 volunteers per household), providing cultural immersion. Inclusions: Program fees cover accommodation, daily meals, and local transportation during work hours. Flights and travel insurance are excluded. Requirements: No professional skills needed, but basic conversational English is required. A passion for cultural preservation is essential. Application Deadline: For 2025 summer programs, applications must be submitted by March 31, 2025. Successful applicants will be notified by April 15. This selection aims to highlight programs that prioritize “responsible engagement rather than one-sided assistance,” as noted by The Telegraph’s travel editor. Each project is co-designed with local communities to ensure long-term benefits. 1. How many hours does a volunteer work per week in the Temple Restoration Project? A. 20 hours. B. 25 hours. C. 30 hours. D. 35 hours. 2. What is a must for those applying for the volunteer programs? A. Fluent English for formal interviews. B. Previous volunteer experience in travel. C. Professional skills in cultural preservation. D. A strong interest in protecting cultural heritage. 3. What do the three programs have in common? A. They are located in Asian countries. B. Their core duty is to translate interviews. C. Their program fees include flights and insurance. D. They are developed in cooperation with local communities. B Wang Zuxian, the 58-year-old Hong Kong actress who rose to fame across Asia for her role as “Xiao Qian” in the classic film A Chinese Ghost Story, has recently attracted the public in a whole new way. Now living in Vancouver, Canada, she has opened a moxibustion (艾灸) clinic that brings Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to an international audience. Since its opening this February, the clinic — offering acupuncture, cupping, and other traditional therapies — has attracted fans from near and far. Many come not only to experience TCM treatments but also to catch a glimpse of the timeless star behind the scenes. Recently, TV host Christopher Downs (Xia Keli) visited the clinic and shared a video online, showing Wang personally examining him and arranging a full treatment session. Wearing a simple blue T-shirt, a green apron(围裙), and a mask that couldn’t hide her gentle eyes and professional manner, she carefully went through Downs’ health report. Her tone was calm and friendly, as if talking to an old friend. She then personally performed cupping and acupuncture. What moved him most was that Wang even remembered his TV shows in Taiwan. Their warm conversation erased any distance between celebrity and fan. “She has no airs at all,” Downs marveled. “She’s still that elegant Xiao Qian I remember.” Though TCM is not mainstream in Western countries, Wang’s clinic has become a cultural bridge. In addition to providing acupuncture and cupping, she gives personalized health advice and shares wellness knowledge rooted in Chinese tradition. Appointments have been fully booked months in advance. Her clients include not only Chinese fans but also many local Canadians curious about TCM. Downs revealed that Wang studied TCM and obtained professional certification before opening the clinic. Netizens commented enthusiastically: “This isn’t a celebrity comeback — it’s cultural heritage in action.” Some hope she will expand her clinic to other countries, allowing TCM to reach more people; others express admiration, saying: “This is true cultural confidence — using her influence to let the world see Chinese wisdom.” 4. Which one is a special reason for the clinic’s popularity? A. It offers extra access to an actress. B. It is located in a famous tourist area. C It shows the latest medical technology. D. It provides professional health check-ups. 5. What touched Christopher Downs most during his visit to the clinic? A. Wang promised to return to acting soon. B. Wang had an impression of his TV shows. C. Wang performed cupping and acupuncture well. D. Wang brought TCM to an international audience. 6. Why are netizens’ comments mentioned in the last paragraph? A. To explain the reasons behind Wang’s career change. B. To emphasize the commercial success of Wang’s clinic. C. To highlight the cultural significance of Wang’s actions. D. To contrast Western with Traditional Chinese Medicine. 7. What does Christopher Downs think of Wang Zuxian? A. Greedy but easy-going. B. Picky but warm-hearted. C. Confident and well-behaved. D. Professional and down-to-earth. C Artificial intelligence can take down more than routine emails. It has now written tiny working genomes (基因组). Researchers report in a paper posted to bioRxiv.org., two AI models designed the blueprints for 16 viruses capable of attacking Escherichia coli (大肠杆菌) in lab dishes. Given that AI models have already been used to design individual genes and proteins, Brian Hie, a computational biologist at Stanford University and the Arc Institute in Palo Alto, Calif. turned to their own AI models, called Evo 1 and Evo 2, to see if they could create genomes for bacteria-killing viruses. The models were trained on billions of pairs of the genetic alphabet’s basic units, A, C, G and T’s, from phage genomes the way ChatGPT was trained on novels and Internet posts. The team used a phage (噬菌体) called ΦX174—which in 1977 became the first DNA-based genome ever sequenced—as a guide to help the AI design a similar genome. Evo 1 and Evo 2 generated roughly 300 potential phage genomes. Of those, 16 produced viable viruses. Some of the phages even killed E. coli more quickly than ΦX174 did. And although ΦX174 couldn’t kill phage-resistant E. coli on its own, mixture of AI-generated phages rapidly evolved to overcome the bacteria’s resistance to infection. The findings suggest that AI could help researchers develop viruses to use in phage therapy, a potential option to treat microbial (微生物的) infections. Scientists are still debating whether viruses are alive or not. “While there’s a lot of work to go, using AI to design living organisms is a step forward”, says Kimberly Davis, a microbiologist at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health who wasn’t involved in the work. “It is very likely to be used in the microbial manufacturing processes such as cultivating microbes that degrade plastic.” 8. What can be inferred about Evo 1 and Evo 2 in paragraph 2? A. They designed desirable genomes. B. They created DNA-based genomes. C. They guided ΦX174 to design phage genomes. D. They shared the same training method as ChatGPT. 9. What does the underlined word “viable” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Workable. B. Infectious. C. Deadly D. inferior. 10. What does Kimberly Davis’s words suggest? A. Potential application of the findings. B. Need to involve more researches. C. Methods of designing organisms. D. Possible direction for further study. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Escherichia coli: phage-resistant bacteria. B. AI-generated genome: a tiny bacteria killer. C. AI-designed phages: a DNA-based genome. D. Evo 1 and Evo 2: phage genome generators. D What if your friends are going through life-or-death situations in the family? Social exchange theory would suggest that you’d better drop them because they’re not providing as many benefits to you as they could. Different from the exchange-based relationship, real-life experiences with these situations might be the opposite: These are the times when many people are most likely to support their friends. A recent research backs this up. “When surveyed about what they want in a friend, people didn’t place a high value on paying back any debts — something highly valued from a social exchange perspective”. “Instead, they considered other traits — such as loyalty, reliability and being there in times of need — to be much more important”, Charlie Kirk, leader of the investigation added. The essence of friendship may be what is called risk-pooling where our ancient ancestors support each other to survive life challenges. According to the survey by The Human Generosity Project, a cross-disciplinary research collaboration, this kind of friendship can still be found across societies, from “kere kere” in Fiji to “tomor marang” among the Ik in Uganda. Similarly, the Maasai, a native group in Kenya and Tanzania who rely on cattle herds to make their living, cultivate friends who help them when they are in need, with no expectation about paying each other back. Just like the “neighboring” network rooted in southern Arizona and New Mexico, farmers help their neighbors with unpredictable challenges such as an accident, injury or illness. “What all these findings suggest is that friendship is less about the exchange of favors and more about being there for each other when unforeseeable disaster strikes. Friendship seems more like an insurance plan designed to kick in when you need it most rather than a system of balanced exchange”, says Charlie. In a world of growing uncertainty, cultivating risk-pooling friendships and striving to be a good partner yourself may help you build resilience. Our ancestors survived with the help of this kind of relationship; our future may depend on them too. 12. How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph? A. By defining a concept. B. By making a comparison. C. By analyzing reasons. D. By giving examples. 13. Which may be valued according to social exchange theory? A. A good grasp of maths. B. A timely period of company. C. Balanced cost and benefit. D. Distinguished survival skills. 14. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The cases of risk-pooling friendship. B. The reasons for risk-pooling friendship. C. The mechanism of exchange-based friendship. D. The possible logic of exchange-based relationship. 15. What is the author’s attitude toward Charlie Kirk’s research findings? A. Dismissive. B. Approving. C. Neutral. D. Doubtful. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下列文章，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When we fall behind others or perform less well in areas we care about, a feeling of envy arises. Envy has always been a part of human experience. ____16____ The former brings misery but drives self-improvement and emulation (效仿). Malicious envy however, leads to harm, like hostile thoughts. Benign envy comes when you think others deserve admiration; malicious envy when you don’t. That’s why you might envy a war hero but not wish him ill, yet enjoy a Hollywood actor’s failed marriage. Envy — especially malicious — is harmful. Neuroscientists find it activates the brain’s anterior cingulate cortex, linked to physical and mental pain. A 2018 Social Science & Medicine study of 18,000 people found envy predicts worse future mental health. It even stops the natural trend of better mental health with age. ____17____ Different people envy different things. I don’t care about others’ fancy boats, but envy men my age with full hair. Scholars note patterns: young people envy education, looks or romance; older people envy money. ____18____ Studies show men envy social status most, women physical attractiveness. Both envy others’ romantic success second. Envy needs exposure to “luckier” people. Social media worsens this — strangers show only admirable and enviable lives. Social media plays an important role in fueling envy. ____19____ Experiments prove passive social media use lowers well-being via more envy. It is impossible to end envy. ____20____ Next time envy hits, think of loved ones or your own good fortune. A. However, gratitude helps. B. Academics call this “Facebook envy”. C. And it doesn’t bring economic success. D. Envy often causes fights between people. E. Women are more likely to show envy than men. F. Men and women tend to envy different qualities. G. Scholars categorize envy into benign and malicious envy. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列文章，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The sun shone brightly over the playground as our school’s annual sports meeting kicked off. All students were excited—especially Jack. He had trained for months for the 1500-meter race, ____21____ to win the first prize and break the school ____22____. When the starting gun ____23____ Jack rushed forward and soon took the lead. But halfway through the race, his left shoe lace suddenly came loose. He had to slow down to avoid ____24____. “Just keep going—don’t stop” he ____25____ to himself. At that moment, Jack noticed Tim, his closest ____26____, right behind him. Jack ____27____, expecting Tim to speed past him and take the lead. Instead, Tim ____28____ stopped and shouted, “Jack, fix your shoe first! We should race fair and square!” Hearing that, Jack quickly knelt down, tied his lace, and got back on his ____29____. With new energy, both boys dashed forward. In the end, Tim ____30____ the finish line first. Jack came in second, but he didn’t feel ____31____ at all. After the race, Jack walked up to Tim. “Thank you,” he said ____32____. “You taught me something more important than winning.” Tim smiled. “Winning feels great, but ____33____ is what makes sports truly meaningful.” Indeed, the true ____34____ of sports isn’t just about being the fastest or the strongest. It’s about respecting others, ____35____ the rules, and choosing fair play. 21. A. frustrated B. determined C. thrilled D. shocked 22. A. convention B. rule C. record D. routine 23. A. fired B. exploded C. burst D. opened 24. A. pacing B. tripping C. sliding D. stamping 25. A. replied B. responded C. promised D. whispered 26. A. opponent B. partner C. teammate D. associate 27. A. cheered up B. slowed down C. tensed up D. calmed down 28 A. cautiously B. heartily C. unwillingly D. completely 29. A. lungs B. shoulders C. feet D. knees 30. A. crossed B. caught C. dragged D. escaped 31. A. delighted B. disappointed C. relieved D. panicked 32. A. hesitantly B. quietly C. sincerely D. secretly 33. A. courage B. modesty C. efficiency D. fairness 34. A. belief B. concept C. lesson D. spirit 35. A. following B. breaking C. learning D. adjusting 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下列文章，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Art of Seal Carving Seal carving, a traditional Chinese art with a history of over 3,000 years, is much more than just making stamps. It combines calligraphy, design, and craftsmanship ____36____ small but meaningful works of art. In ancient China, seals ____37____ (use) as personal signatures for official documents, letters, and artworks. Today, they remain popular among artists and collectors, ____38____ (bridge) past and present. Creating a seal ____39____ (involve) several steps: first, the artist writes Chinese characters on a small stone (usually jade, soapstone, or marble) with a special brush. Then, using sharp tools, they carefully carve along the ink, balancing stroke (笔划) strength and overall style. The result is ____40____ unique seal that can leave red impressions on paper. ____41____ makes seal carving ____42____ (fascinate) is its attention to detail. Even a tiny mistake can ruin the whole work, so ____43____ (patient) and precision are key. For high school students, learning about seal carving is a great way ____44____ (understand) Chinese culture, practice concentration, and appreciate the beauty of traditional art. It perfectly shows how art can be both practical and _____45_____ (deep) expressive, even in the smallest forms. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周五你校举行了“走近大自然”远足活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 活动内容； 2. 活动反响及意义。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Hiking into Nature ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下列文章，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Mrs. Anderson, an old lady, had lived in this neighborhood alone after her child flew the nest, suffering the feeling of isolation and insecurity. And the old house next door to her had been empty for years, its door and windows dusty. One day, she was gazing at her beloved garden from her window when a moving truck pulled up, catching her eye. A young woman stepped out of the truck. She looked tired and overwhelmed, carrying a heavy backpack and guiding two little kids towards the unfamiliar house. Mrs. Anderson felt a pang of sympathy. Without a second thought, she stood up, smoothed her apron （围裙）, and walked out. “Hello there! Welcome to the neighborhood,” she said with a warm smile. “I’m Clara Anderson. Need any help?” The young woman looked up, surprise and relief washing over her face. “Oh, thank you! That would be wonderful. I’m Sarah, and these are my kids, Lily and Leo. It’s been… a bit of a day.” Mrs. Anderson offered to watch the children for an hour so Sarah could unpack in peace, for the old lady knew all too well what it was like to be alone. Mrs. Anderson didn’t just help for that afternoon. She brought over homemade biscuits the next day, accompanied by some lovely flowers from her garden. “These flowers are so beautiful, Mrs. Anderson,” Sarah exclaimed, her eyes lighting up as she caught sight of the vibrant colors. Mrs. Anderson smiled warmly. “Thank you, dear. They are what I care most about every day. I believe life blooms when you put in the care, day after day.” 注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Weeks passed, and the two families formed an unexpected bond. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sarah came to the garden as promised but Mrs. Anderson didn’t appear. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $