专题02 阅读理解（说明文）（期末真题汇编，辽宁专用）八年级英语上学期

专题02 阅读理解 说明文 主题01 人与社会——科普 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市康平县 ·期末 Drones (无人机) can be helpful in many fields. This year, a team of volunteers (志愿者) in the UK saved a dog in a special way. They used a drone and meat. How did that happen? On January 13th, Emma Oakes lost her dog, Millie when they were out for a walk. Emma was very worried. She asked the team DDSAR for help. After about two hours, volunteers found Millie in a wetland. It was dangerous for Millie to stay there. The water was around her, and she might fall into it. The DDSAR used a drone to follow Millie. Also, some policemen came and tried to get close to Millie by boat and on foot. But Millie was very afraid of those men. They made Millie move farther away from the safe place, so they had to pause their work. Later, one of the volunteers thought of an idea. He said they could use meat dangling from the drone, and then help Millie get to a safe place. The other volunteers and the policemen agreed with him and decided to do it. Millie was very hungry and wanted to eat the meat. She followed the meat and left the wetland. Finally, Millie ran towards Emma. Everyone there was happy for them. Emma was thankful to all the volunteers and policemen for their hard work. The drone played an important part in saving Millie. Emma said it was fantastic to get her dog back. 1．What happened to Emma Oakes on January 13th? A．She got lost. B．She lost her dog. C．She broke her drone. D．She fell in a wetland. 2．What does the underlined word “pause” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Stop. B．Realize. C．Forget. D．Compare. 3．Which of the following shows the right order? ①The volunteers found Millie in a wetland. ②Millie followed the meat and left the wetland. ③Emma Oakes went out for a walk with Millie. ④Some policemen came and tried to get close to Millie. A．①③④② B．②①④③ C．③①④② D．④①②③ 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．Use the drone. B．Protect a volunteer. C．Follow the meat. D．Find the owner. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文讲述了无人机在救援领域的一次实际运用。 1．细节理解题。根据原文“On January 13th, Emma Oakes lost her dog”可知，1月13日Emma弄丢了她的狗。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据原文“They made Millie move farther away from the safe place”可知，狗狗Millie因为害怕救援人员所以离安全地带越来越远了，所以救援任务必须暂停了，故“pause”此处有“停止”之意。故选A。 3．细节理解题。通读原文可知，事件发生的顺序是：Emma带狗Millie去散步；志愿者发现Millie在一块湿地里；一些警察来了并试着接近Millie；Millie被肉引导着离开了湿地。故选C。 4．最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，讲述了无人机在救援领域的一次实际运用。故选A。 Passage 2 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市皇姑区 ·期末 Winter is coming—do you feel down more often? If so, you may have seasonal affective disorder (季节性情绪失调). It is short for SAD． SAD is a kind of depression (抑郁) that comes and goes with the seasons. It is also known as “winter depression” because it usually happens in winter. Besides feeling sad, people with SAD may also lose interest in everyday activities. They may sleep a lot and find it hard to get up in the morning. It can also be difficult for them to focus. Scientists still don’t know the reason behind SAD．But it’s often connected to less sunlight during the shorter autumn and winter days, the UK National Health Service (NHS) said. Not getting enough sunlight might make a part of the brain not work well. This can influence (影响) your hormones (荷尔蒙) and body clock. All of these things make you feel blue. “Getting more sunlight and exercising are good ways to deal with SAD．‘Light therapy (疗法)’, or using special lamps at home to simulate (仿造) natural light, can also help. But if you still feel very sad, you should go to a doctor,” said the NHS. 5．How do people probably feel more often if they have SAD? A．Nervous. B．Unhappy. C．Excited. D．Surprised. 6．What might be the reason behind SAD according to the NHS? A．Getting less sunlight. B．Getting less sleep. C．Too many brain activities. D．Problems in people’s lives. 7．What does the underlined phrase “deal with” probably mean? A．study B．send C．solve D．make 8．Which of the following suggestions is given by the NHS? A．Keep lights on at night. B．Stay indoors more often. C．Think less about your feelings. D．Exercise more in natural light. 【答案】5．B 6．A 7．C 8．D 【导语】本文介绍了季节性情绪失调。 5．细节理解题。根据“Besides feeling sad, people with SAD may also lose interest in everyday activities.”可知，SAD患者可能会感到悲伤、失去兴趣。选项B“不开心”符合题意。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据“it’s often connected to less sunlight during the shorter autumn and winter days”可知，SAD和秋冬季节阳光减少有关。故选A。 7．词句猜测题。根据“Getting more sunlight and exercising are good ways to deal with SAD”可知，这里是指处理或应对某事，“deal with”意思为“解决”，选项C“解决”符合题意。故选C。 8．细节理解题。根据“Getting more sunlight and exercising are good ways to deal with SAD...said the NHS”可知，NHS建议获取更多日光并锻炼。故选D。 Passage 3 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市皇姑区 ·期末 You can buy lots of things during a live-stream (直播), such as food and clothes, and now even a ticket to space. On Oct 24, 2024, a Chinese space company sold two space travel tickets in a live-stream. This was the first time space tickets were sold in China. The tickets were priced at 1.5 million yuan each. But during the stream, they were sold for 1 million yuan each. The space trip will last about 12 minutes. According to the company, passengers (乘客) will sit in a spacecraft (航天器) that is about 4 meters tall and 3.5 meters wide, with six big windows and space for six people. The spacecraft will go 100 kilometers above Earth. Travelers will experience weightlessness (失重) for at least five minutes and see Earth from above before coming back down safely. Passengers must be between 18 and 60 years old. They need to be healthy. They also have to take some training before the trip. The trip will use the company’s Nebula-1 rocket. It runs on oxygen and kerosene (煤油) and can be reused. This makes the launch (发射) cheaper. As this technology gets better, space tickets might become less expensive. The company plans to do lots of tests in 2026 to make sure the space trip is safe. They hope to begin the trip in 2027. 9．How many space travel tickets did a Chinese space company sell in a live-stream? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 10．How long will travelers experience weightlessness? A．For over 4 minutes. B．For almost 4 minutes. C．For 5 minutes or more. D．For more than 5 minutes. 11．If you want to travel to space in the spacecraft, you must be ________. A．15 years old. B．17 years old. C．50 years old. D．65 years old. 12．From the text, we can infer (推断) that the space company will ________. A．become more popular in 2026. B．sell more expensive space tickets. C．make space travelers become much richer. D．try their best to keep travelers safe in space. 【答案】9．B 10．C 11．C 12．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述2024年10月24日一家中国太空公司在直播中售卖两张太空旅行票，介绍了太空旅行的时长、体验失重时间、乘客要求、使用火箭等情况，还提及公司为保障安全计划在2026年做测试，希望2027年开启旅行。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段“On Oct 24, 2024, a Chinese space company sold two space travel tickets in a live - stream.” 可知，一家中国太空公司在直播中卖了两张太空旅行票。故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据第三段“Travelers will experience weightlessness (失重) for at least five minutes” 可知，旅行者将体验至少五分钟的失重，“at least five minutes”即 “5 minutes or more”。故选C。 11．细节理解题。根据第四段“Passengers must be between 18 and 60 years old.”可知，18 到 60 岁之间才可以，50 岁符合这个年龄段。故选C。 12．推理判断题。根据第六段“The company plans to do lots of tests in 2026 to make sure the space trip is safe.” 可推断出，这家太空公司会尽最大努力保障太空旅行者的安全。故选D。 Passage 4 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市和平区 ·期末 ①Numbers are not just numbers. They have cultural meanings. Let’s see some of the lucky and unlucky numbers across the world. ②◆The number 3 People in Sweden think all good things come in threes. For example, there are three kinds of medals in a game. People in South Korea and Italy think the same way. But people in Japan and Vietnam have a different idea. They don’t like taking photos when there are only three people. They think death will come for the person in the middle. ③◆The number 8 It is a lucky number in most countries. This number is very welcome among Chinese people because it has the similar pronunciation to “Fa”. The Beijing Summer Olympics started at 8:00 pm on August 8th, 2008. Eight is also a lucky number in Japan. But it’s different in Bulgaria. People there think it can bring them bad luck. ④◆The number 9 In China, it’s a lucky number. It has the same pronunciation as “Jiu”, meaning everlasting (永恒的). In Norway, it’s a lucky number, too. There are many stories about it. But people in Japan don’t like it. Why? Because when they say it in Japanese, it’s just like another word “Ku”. ⑤◆The number 13 How about the number 13? It’s an unlucky number in many countries, like Norway, Sweden and the UK. Lots of bad things happened on the 13th in history. However, in Italy, 13 is a lucky number. People think 13 can help them live a happy life. 13．Which countries think of the number three as a lucky number? A．Japan and Vietnam. B．South Korea and Japan. C．Vietnam and Sweden. D．South Korea and Sweden. 14．How does the writer start the text about the number 13? A．By giving an example. B．By telling a story. C．By providing a background D．By asking a question. 15．Which of the following is right according to the text? ①Jane in Italy loves taking photos of three people. ②Peter in Bulgaria is very happy to have eight balls. ③Bella in Norway is glad to collect nine model planes. ④John in Sweden would like to have a party on June 13. A．③④ B．②④ C．①③ D．①④ 16．How is the text organized? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 【答案】13．D 14．D 15．C 16．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了数字不仅仅是数字，它们有不同的文化含义，作者为我们介绍了各地的幸运数字和和不幸数字。 13．细节理解题。根据“People in Sweden think all good things come in threes...People in South Korea and Italy think the same way.”可知瑞典人、韩国人和意大利人都认为3是一个幸运的数字。故选D。 14．细节理解题。根据“How about the number 13?”可知作者是通过一个问题引出数字13。故选D。 15．推理判断题。根据“People in Sweden think all good things come in threes...People in South Korea and Italy think the same way.”可知意大利人认为3是一个幸运数字，所以意大利的简喜欢给三个人拍照；根据“In Norway, it’s a lucky number, too”可知在挪威，9也是一个幸运数字，所以挪威的贝拉很高兴收集了九架模型飞机。故选C。 16．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题；第二至第五段分别介绍了各地的幸运数字和和不幸数字。故文章结构是总分结构。故选B。 Passage 5 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市和平区 ·期末 The 19th Asian Games came to an end successfully on Sunday in Hangzhou. They were reported as safe and smart games at home and abroad. Because of the large size, the Games have brought unprecedented challenges for the security (安全保障). There have been many examples of Internet attacks in sports activities. For example, hackers (黑客) have ever tried to steal sportsmen’s personal information for money. However, zero mistake was made in security protection in the Hangzhou Games. To achieve this, the security workers made full use of intelligent technology (IT). This helped the activities go well and provided a safe environment. It made the Games “Safe Asian Games”. The Games have also been the first “Smart Asian Games”. Behind the wonderful shows of different activities, they used a large number of intelligent technologies. Artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things and 5G all appeared. With the support of the cloud network (云网络), people could see technology make the biggest difference. For example, it only took five seconds to check the results. Though the Asian Games were full of challenges, with the help of high-tech, Hangzhou has successfully made them safe and smart. They have provided a chance for China to show the high level of network security protection, as well as the latest technology. 17．Which words can best describe the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou? A．Old and small. B．Small and safe. C．Safe and smart. D．Smart and new. 18．What does the underlined (划线的) word “unprecedented” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．The biggest. B．The oldest. C．The smallest. D．The fastest. 19．Why does the writer give an example at the end of Paragraph 3? A．To show the Games go well. B．To show a safe environment. C．To show the fast cloud network. D．To show how to check the games. 20．What’s the main idea of the text? A．The future of intelligent technologies. B．The challenges the Hangzhou Games face. C．The large network attacks in the Hangzhou Games. D．The use of intelligent technologies in the Hangzhou Games. 【答案】17．C 18．A 19．C 20．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了第19届杭州亚运会在安全保障方面利用智能技术实现了零失误。 17．细节理解题。根据“They were reported as safe and smart games at home and abroad.”可知，第19届杭州亚运会是安全且智能的赛事。故选C。 18．词句猜测题。根据“Because of the large size, the Games have brought unprecedented challenges for the security (安全保障).”可知，由于赛事规模大，给安全保障带来了挑战，结合语境和常识，此处指的是前所未有的、最大的挑战，unprecedented意思最接近The biggest。故选A。 19．细节理解题。根据“With the support of the cloud network (云网络), people could see technology make the biggest difference.”可知，是在云网络的支持下，成绩查询速度很快，该例子是为了展示快速的云网络。故选C。 20．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了第19届杭州亚运会在安全保障方面利用智能技术实现了零失误，强调了智能技术在杭州亚运会中的应用。故选D。 主题02 人与社会——科普 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市沈北新区·期末 Now, glasses have become a daily necessity for some of us. So, what do you know about them? No one knows who made the first wearable pair of glasses, but experts do know that they were made in the 13th century and showed up in Italy. Early glasses were like magnifying glasses (放大镜). And most of them weren’t even made of glass! Instead, many early eyeglasses contained quartz (石英). That’s because most glass at that time was not clear, so it wouldn’t have worked well for eyeglasses. Eyeglasses didn’t look much like modern glasses until the 1700s. That’s when people added temples (镜腿) to hold glasses on their faces. Glasses also became much more common around this time, probably because reading became more popular. People didn’t start seeing eye doctors for glasses until the 1800s. At that time, they just tried on different pairs of glasses until they found one that made their eyesight better. Eye doctors changed that. They gave an eye test for people to tell whether or not they needed a pair of glasses. Different kinds of glasses have also appeared. People in China started wearing sunglasses in the 12th century. These early sunglasses were also made of quartz. Today, many people also like to wear contact lenses (隐形眼镜), which were invented by a German in 1887. The first contact lenses were very uncomfortable. Luckily, today’s lenses are softer and can be worn all day. However, you should always take your contact lenses out at night. Some people even like to wear glasses with no lenses. Called fashion glasses, they come in many shapes and sizes to fit anyone’s personal style. 21．What can we know about the early glasses in paragraph 2? A．They were made by Indians. B．They were all made of glass. C．They first showed up in India. D．They were like magnifying glasses. 22．What happened to glasses in the 1700s? A．People in China started to wear sun glasses. B．People started to see eye doctors for glasses. C．People added temples to hold glasses on the face. D．Eyeglasses didn’t look much like modern glasses. 23．How many kinds of glasses are mainly introduced in paragraph 5? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 24．What does the text mainly talk about? A．The history of glasses. B．Different uses of glasses. C．The importance of glasses. D．The ways to choose glasses. 【答案】21．D 22．C 23．B 24．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了眼镜发展的历史。 21．细节理解题。根据“Early glasses were like magnifying glasses (放大镜).”可知，早期的眼镜类似于放大镜。故选D。 22．细节理解题。根据“Eyeglasses didn’t look much like modern glasses until the 1700s. That’s when people added temples (镜腿) to hold glasses on their faces.”可知，直到18 世纪，眼镜的样子才与现代眼镜较为相似，人们加上了镜腿，以便把眼镜架在脸上。故选C。 23．细节理解题。根据“People in China started wearing sunglasses in the 12th century.” “many people also like to wear contact lenses” “Called fashion glasses...”可知，第五段介绍了三种类型的眼镜。故选B。 24．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了眼镜发展的历史。故选A。 Passage 2 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市法库县 ·期末 Zero is, in fact, very different from the other numbers. At first, there were only the numbers one to nine. Zero first appeared in India about 2,000 years ago. Many other ancient cultures didn’t mark nothingness. However, the ancient Indians were the first to consider nothingness a number. Little by little, global communication became more common. Finally, zero was brought out of India. It was accepted as an Arabic numeral (数字). During the 13th century, Arabic numerals were introduced into the West. However, Westerners had been used to using Roman numerals. Arabic numerals were not popular. This was especially true for zero. Since there was no zero in Roman numerals, people found it hard to accept the new number. Dishonest business people could easily turn a “0” into a “6” or a “9”. So some people believed zero would cause much trouble. Zero was also considered an unlucky number. That’s because it is close to negative numbers (负数) — the idea of having debts (负债). Florence, Italy, even didn’t allow people to use zero all over the city. It was not until the 15th century that zero and the other Arabic numerals were fully accepted. Business people played an important role. Just think about doing calculations using Roman numerals. You can hardly do any trade (买卖), can you? 25．When did zero first appear? A．In the 14th century. B．In the 15th century. C．About 2,000 years ago. D．During the 13th century. 26．Why did some people think of zero as an unlucky number? A．Because it could be easily turned into a “6” or a “9”. B．Because it was useless in doing trade. C．Because there’s no zero in Roman numerals. D．Because it is close to negative numbers. 27．From the text we can know that ________. A．zero was accepted as a Roman numeral B．the ancient Indians invented zero C．zero is an unusual number all the time D．people could use zero in Florence when it first appeared 28．How is the text organized? (①= Paragraph 1,②= Paragraph 2,…) A． B． C． D． 【答案】25．C 26．D 27．B 28．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了数字“0”的产生和应用。 25．细节理解题。根据“Zero first appeared in India about 2,000 years ago.”可知，零最早出现在2000年前的印度。故选C。 26．细节理解题。根据“Zero was also considered an unlucky number. That’s because it is close to negative numbers (负数) — the idea of having debts (负债).”可知，有些人认为零是一个不吉利的数字的原因是因为它接近负数。故选D。 27．细节理解题。根据“Zero first appeared in India about 2,000 years ago.”可知，古印度人发明了零。故选B。 28．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段总体概括主要内容；第二段到第四段分别介绍不同时期的“0”，D项符合。故选D。 Passage 3 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市法库县 ·期末 Do you think you have a good memory (记忆) ? It is difficult to say exactly what memory is. Even scientists who have been studying memory for many years say that they are still trying to find out what it is. We do know that memory is not just one thing stored (存储) somewhere in the brain (大脑). Memory is made up of small pieces of information stored all over the brain. The human brain is very small and light. But it needs about 20% of the oxygen (氧气) that our body takes in. We can’t think well if our brain isn’t getting enough oxygen, so always make sure there is enough oxygen in the air when you need to learn or remember something! Why do you forget things sometimes? The main reason for forgetting something is that you did not learn it well enough in the beginning. For example, if you meet some new people and right away forget their names, it is because you didn’t record (记录) the names when you heard them. No one can remember everything, but everyone can learn how to improve their memory. Here are some ways: ●When you want to remember something, tell a friend about it. This way the new information becomes more memorable. Later on, think about the conversation with your friend. It will help you remember the information. ●Don’t over-train your brain. When you’ve remembered a list of new vocabulary, stop studying. It’s better to study a lot of material (材料) for a short time than a small part of material for a lot of time! But remember: you do have to practise your new vocabulary as soon as possible! ●If you have to remember something big, break it down into smaller parts. It’s easier to remember 198756430387 if you break it into four smaller bits: 198-756-430-387. ●If you want to remember a piece of information, and you can’t, don’t get angry. Relax when you study! Try to enjoy yourself. You are learning new things every minute. You will remember better if you are happy and relaxed. In short, none of (没有一个) the ways can make your memory 100% perfect, but all of them are helpful. 29．Where is memory stored in your brain? A．In the left brain. B．All over the brain. C．In the right brain. D．Some parts of the brain. 30．Which of the following sentences is true according to the passage? A．We can make our memory 100% perfect. B．We can break the big information into big parts. C．We should spend a lot of time studying a small part of material. D．We’ll forget things if we don’t learn them well in the beginning. 31．According to the passage, the writer probably agrees with ________. A．sharing new information with friends B．remembering long numbers by writing C．learning at least 100 new words at a time D．getting angry when can’t remember some information 32．What does the writer mainly talk about in the passage? A．What the human brain is and where memory is stored. B．When we think well and how we remember everything. C．Why we forget something and how we improve our memory. D．What memory is made up of and who can have a good memory. 【答案】29．B 30．D 31．A 32．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了记忆的存储位置、遗忘的原因以及提高记忆力的方法。 29．细节理解题。根据“Memory is made up of small pieces of information stored all over the brain.”可知，记忆是由储存在大脑各处的小块信息组成的，也就是说记忆储存在你整个大脑里。故选B。 30．细节理解题。根据“Why do you forget things sometimes? The main reason for forgetting something is that you did not learn it well enough in the beginning.”可知，如果一开始没有学好，我们就会忘记它。故选D。 31．细节理解题。根据“When you want to remember something, tell a friend about it. This way the new information becomes more memorable.”可知，作者认为当你想记住某件事时，就把它告诉朋友，这样的话新信息就更容易被记住。故选A。 32．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了记忆的形成原理，为什么容易忘记事情以及怎样提高记忆力。故选C。 主题03 人与自然——景点与文化 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市康平县 ·期末 In the village of Liuke in China, houses are made of dark bricks (砖) and red windows. They stand there among tall and green trees. Many tourists have come to Liuke village to enjoy its natural beauty and rich culture. “This is just beautiful,” says Zhao Mingzhuo, a tourist from east China’s Zhejiang Province. “The kids get to enjoy the fields here, the old enjoy the quiet environment, and the young people can go camping. It’s quite a good experience here.” Liuke is one of the ancient villages that lie beside the Wanquan River in Hainan. The Wanquan River is 163 kilometers long and runs through an area of more than 3,600 square kilometers. A classic Chinese folk song sings in praise (赞扬) of the clear water of the river. And in recent years, the Wanquan River has become a calling card for Hainan, thanks to its rich stories and history. In the old days, when villagers needed to travel to other villages, they had to pass by this village. Then the village became a stopover (中转站) for tourists, so it got its name, Liuke. In recent years, the local government has worked hard to attract as many tourists as possible to the village. People have opened many sightseeing programs. Now the village has not only attracted tourists, but also helped villagers stay. In this way, the village can develop move quickly. 33．Tourists can ______ in Liuke village. A．plant tall and green trees B．enjoy the modern buildings C．take a boat trip up the Wangquan River D．see houses made of dark bricks and red windows 34．What’s Zhao Mingzhuo’s attitude (态度) to travelling to Liuke village? A．Supportive. B．Silly. C．Disagreeable. D．Unknown. 35．What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us? A．Where Liuke village lies. B．How Liuke village got its name. C．Why Liuke village becomes popular. D．What Liuke village used to look like. 36．What is the writer’s purpose (目的) in writing the text? A．To introduce an ancient village. B．To hope to get help from tourists. C．To tell a story about an old village. D．To show natural beauty and rich culture. 【答案】33．D 34．A 35．B 36．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了中国的一个著名乡村——留客村。 33．细节理解题。根据“In the village of Liuke in China, houses are made of dark bricks (砖) and red windows.”可知，游客在留客村能看到由黑砖和红窗建成的房子，故选D。 34．观点态度题。根据“‘This is just beautiful,’ says Zhao Mingzhuo…It’s quite a good experience here.”可知，赵明卓认为留客村漂亮且体验好，对来此旅游持支持态度，故选A。 35．主旨大意题。根据“In the old days, when villagers needed to travel to other villages…so it got its name, Liuke.”可知，第四段主要讲述留客村因过去是游客中转站而得名，故选B。 36．推理判断题。通读全文，文章对留客村建筑特色、游客体验、位置、名字由来及发展等多方面的描述，文章目的是介绍这个古老村庄，故选A。 Passage 2 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市法库县 ·期末 Clothing is an important part of any culture and each country in the world has its own traditional clothes. Chinese culture has a history of more than 5,000 years, so the traditional Chinese clothing also has a long history. ★ Hanfu Hanfu is the traditional clothing of the Han people. It first appeared in China more than 3,000 years ago. But it disappeared with the beginning of the Qing dynasty (朝代). Now more and more young people start to enjoy wearing it. Wang Yue, a mother of two, was a fan of hanfu. She said each suit had its own cultural background and learning about it gave her a better understanding of traditional culture. ★Tangzhuang Tangzhuang is a type of Chinese jacket. The Tang dynasty was famous in the world, so the overseas Chinese were called “Tang people”, and their clothes were called “Tangzhuang”. Tangzhuang is made in different colors, the most common are red, dark blue, gold and black. It shows good luck and wishes. ★Qipao (Cheongsam) Qipao is a traditional Chinese dress. It first appeared in China in the 1920s. Qipao is made of silk, and Chinese women like to wear it because it can show their beauty. Song Meiling loved Qipao by nature. She always wore different qipao for different seasons. 37．Why did Wang Yue like hanfu? A．It had a long history. B．It had many different colors. C．It could help her understand the culture. D．It was the clothing of the Han people. 38．What was Tangzhuang named from? A．The overseas Chinese. B．A type of Chinese jacket. C．The people in the Tang dynasty. D．Good luck and wishes. 39．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Few people enjoy wearing hanfu now. B．Tangzhuang is popular only for its special color. C．Qipao first appeared in China in the 1920s. D．The traditional clothing named after famous people. 40．What is the purpose (目的) of this text? A．To remember history of traditional Chinese clothing. B．To find out the differences of traditional Chinese clothing. C．To show the culture of traditional Chinese clothing. D．To show people’s love of traditional clothing. 【答案】37．C 38．A 39．C 40．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的传统服饰。 37． 细节理解题。根据“She said each suit had its own cultural background and learning about it gave her a better understanding of traditional culture.”可知，因为汉服可以帮助她了解文化。故选C。 38． 细节理解题。根据“The Tang dynasty was famous in the world, so the overseas Chinese were called ‘Tang people’, and their clothes were called ‘Tangzhuang’”可知，唐装的名字来自于海外华人。故选A。 39． 细节理解题。根据“Qipao is a traditional Chinese dress. It first appeared in China in the 1920s.”可知，旗袍最早出现在中国是在20世纪20年代。故选C。 40．推理判断题。根据“Clothing is an important part of any culture and each country in the world has its own traditional clothes. Chinese culture has a history of more than 5,000 years, so the traditional Chinese clothing also has a long history.”可知，文章主要是为了展示中国传统服饰文化。故选C。 主题04 人与社会——建议与文化 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省营口市盖州市 ·期末 Confidence is very important in our daily life. It can help you to develop a healthy attitude (态度). A study shows that the people who are more confident are much happier. They can have more chances to make themselves successful. But how to be more confident? Here are some suggestions: Speak loud. When you are not confident, you can’t do well what you want to do. You speak in a voice so low that other people can hardly hear you. Try to speak loud enough so that people can hear you clearly. The high voice can help you become more confident. Play sports. Physical exercise makes you tired but completely relaxed. A strong body helps you be full of confidence. Encourage yourself. Write down a list of things you did during the day to see how many things you have done well. Did you finish your homework? Did you tell a joke that made everybody laugh? Give yourself praise for the good things you have done. This is the best way to encourage yourself. Pick up a hobby. If you like singing, sing as much as you can. In some ways, a hobby can make you outstanding. And it will make you happy and confident. 41．How many suggestions are mentioned in the passage? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 42．What’s the best way to encourage yourself? A．Give yourself praise for the good things you have done. B．Write down a list of things you did during the day. C．Finish your homework. D．Tell a joke to make others laugh. 43．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A．A song. B．A way. C．A hobby. D．A friend. 44．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】41．B 42．A 43．C 44．B 【导语】本文就如何变得更自信给出了几条建议。 41．细节理解题。根据“Speak loud.”、“Play sports.”、“Encourage yourself.”及“Pick up a hobby.”可知文章给出了大声说话、做运动、鼓励自己以及培养爱好四条建议。故选B。 42．细节理解题。根据“Give yourself praise for the good things you have done. This is the best way to encourage yourself.”可知鼓励自己最好的方式是赞美自己所做的好事。故选A。 43．词句猜测题。根据“In some ways, a hobby can make you outstanding. And it will make you happy and confident.”可知爱好可以使你更外向，也可以使你更开心自信，故划线部分it指代的是“爱好”。故选C。 44．篇章结构题。第一段总说自信在我们的日常生活中非常重要；第二、三、四、五段是变得更自信的建议。故选B。 Passage 2 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市新民市·期末 Bi Sheng was born in the Song Dynasty. He lived in a small village which lies in Huanggang today. He was the world’s first inventor of the printing. It is about 400 years earlier than the  printing in Germany. The printing is also called the movable-type printing (活字印刷). But how did it work in the past? First of all, the clay was made into a movable type. Then words were engraved (刻) carefully onto the types. After that the words were chosen and put in the right order in a box according to the text. Next, the workers brushed ink onto the movable types. Finally the movable types could be used for printing. They could be used again and again for different books. The movable-type printing plays an important role in Chinese culture. With the help of it, Chinese culture spread around the world more quickly. At the same time, the movable-type printing was widely used in the world at that time. As a result, more and more cultural exchanges among countries took place. The movable-type printing, the compass (指南针), gunpowder and paper making are called the four great inventions of China. They make China own an important and even top position in the history of human civilization (文明). 45．What should the workers do after the words were chosen and put in the right order? A．Brush ink onto the types. B．Make the clay into movable types. C．Print by using the types. D．Engrave words onto the types. 46．How many steps were there in the movable type printing? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 47．What does the underlined word“it” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．the compass B．gunpowder C．paper making D．the movable-type printing 48．What’s the passage mainly about? A．The four great inventions and their positions in the history of human civilization. B．Bi Sheng invented the movable-type printing after trying many times. C．The movable-type printing and its importance to cultural exchanges. D．How Bi Sheng invented the movable-type printing in the Song Dynasty. 【答案】45．A 46．C 47．D 48．C 【导语】本文介绍了中国四大发明之一——活字印刷术，并介绍了活字印刷术的印刷流程及对中国文化传播的重要性。 45．细节理解题。根据“After that the words were chosen and put in the right order in a box according to the text. Next, the workers brushed ink onto the movable types.”可知，接下来，工人们把墨水刷到字模上。故选A。 46．细节理解题。根据“First of all...Then...After that...Next...Finally”可知，活字印刷有五步。故选C。 47．词义猜测题。根据“The movable-type printing plays an important role in Chinese culture. With the help of it, Chinese culture spread around the world more quickly. ”可知，活字印刷术在中国文化中占有重要地位。在它的帮助下，中国文化更快地传播到世界各地。所以it指的是活字印刷术，故选D。 48．主旨大意题。文章介绍了中国四大发明之一——活字印刷术，并介绍了活字印刷术的印刷流程及对中国文化传播的重要性。故选C。 主题05 人与社会——文化与保护动物 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省营口市盖州市·期末 The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms (节气). It starts from the Beginning of Spring and ends with the Greater Cold, moving in cycles. It is still useful today to guide people’s lives through special foods, cultural ceremonies and even healthy living tips. Grain Buds (小满) is the 8th solar term of a year. It means that the seeds (种子) from the grain are becoming full. During the Grain Buds, summer harvest is about to begin. A saying about rain during this time mentions, “A heavy rainfall makes the river full.” Because of the great increase in rainfall, rivers are full of water. This is a good time to enjoy fish. It is also the harvest season for fishermen. Frost’s Descent (霜降), the 18th solar term of the year, is the last solar term of autumn, during which time the weather becomes much colder than before and frost begins to appear. The apple is one kind of the recommended (推荐的) fruit during Frost’s Descent. There are many sayings about apples’ benefits (益处) in China, such as “Eat an apple after meals, even old men can be as strong as young men.” Minor Cold (小寒) is the 23rd one. For most areas of China, it marks the start of the coldest days of the year and people always start preparing for the New Year. According to traditional Chinese medicine thoughts, people need to eat food that has more yang energy to prevent cold from harming their bodies. Another important traditional food for Minor Cold is Laba porridge (腊八粥). 49．________ is the last solar term of a year. A．Minor Cold B．Greater Cold C．Frost’s Descent D．Grain Buds 50．Which solar term is Grain Buds? A．The last one. B．The eighth one. C．The eighteenth one. D．The twenty-third one. 51．The underlined sentence in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to “________”. A．An apple a day keeps the doctor away. B．It’s more useful for old men to eat apples than young men. C．If old men eat apples after meals, they will become younger and younger. D．If old men eat apples after meals, they will become younger than young men. 52．We can learn from the passage that ________. A．it is necessary for people to take umbrellas with them during Grain Buds B．Grain Buds is the harvest season for fishermen but not farmers C．Frost’s Descent is the 8th solar term of a year D．people need to eat food that has less yang energy during Minor Cold 【答案】49．B 50．B 51．A 52．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国二十四节气中的其中三个节气：小满、霜降以及小寒，介绍了不同的节气人代表着人们不同的活动，以及饮食与节气的关系。 49．细节理解题。根据第一段“It starts from the Beginning of Spring and ends with the Greater Cold, moving in cycles.”可知，大寒是一年中最后一个节气，故选B。 50．细节理解题。根据第二段“Grain Buds (小满) is the 8th solar term of a year.”可知，小满是一年中的第八个节气。故选B。 51．词句猜测题。根据第三段“There are many saying about apples’ benefits (益处) in China, such as ‘Eat an apple after meals, even old men can be as strong as young men.’”可知，关于苹果的好处，中国有很多说法，比如“饭后吃一个苹果，即使是老人也能像年轻人一样强壮”，所以划线部分与“一天一苹果，医生远离我”最接近，故选A。 52．推理判断题。根据第二段“A saying about rain during this time mentions, ‘A heavy rainfall makes the river full.’ Because of the great increase in rainfall, rivers are full of water.”可知，关于小满时期的降雨，有一句话提到：“大雨使河水泛滥。”由于降雨量大增，河流里充满了水。由此推知小满的时候雨水较多，人们有必要随身带着雨伞，故选A。 Passage 2 24-25八年级上·辽宁省丹东市·期末 Animals are our friends. Sometimes they make trouble, but sometimes they can help us. And they hope to live a happy life, too. Here are two real stories from our readers. The first story is from Ray. “My cat, Tiger, hates it when I use my iPad because it takes my attention away from him. One year, I had a fall at home and was on the floor for 16 hours. During this time, I was unable to move and couldn’t get to the phone to call for help. Tiger stayed by my side until he disappeared under my bed. ‘What’s he up to?’ I wondered. To my surprise, he started to push something towards me. It was my iPad, which I didn’t realize had fallen off the bed and onto the floor. He probably didn’t know what it was, but he knew that it made me happy. Thanks to Tiger, I was able to communicate with my friend, Becky, who then told my doctor.” The second story is from Colin. “Years ago, my friend Julius saved a bird-a wild ”Mom cockatoo (鹦鹉) from the side of the road and kept it as a pet in a big cage (笼子). It lost one of her wings, so she was unable to return to the wild. Soon, two wild cockatoos came visiting and one ‘Dad’ bird wanted to find his way into the cage. The ‘Mom’ cockatoo in the cage was soon expecting. But as she couldn’t fly, ‘Dad’ cockatoo built a home in the tree, keeping off everyone who got close to ‘Mom’ cockatoo. ‘Baby’ cockatoo would spend his days flying off with his dad, leaving his mom behind. She would sit and wait until they returned home each afternoon. The family stayed together happily.” After reading the stories, don’t you think we should get along well with animals? No matter they are our pets or live in the wild, they have their feelings. We should respect (尊敬) every life in the world. 53．________ is the owner of the cat. A．Becky B．Julius C．Colin D．Ray 54．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to the ________. A．phone B．cat C．iPad D．bed 55．“Mom” cockatoo didn’t return to the wild because ________. A．Julius caught it as a pet B．she was badly hurt and couldn’t fly C．She liked the life in the cage better D．“Dad” cockatoo built a home in the tree 56．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the text? A．To tell us Ray, Becky and Colin are animal lovers. B．To ask us not to use iPad too much. C．To let us know family members should help each other. D．To tell us we should respect every life in the world. 【答案】53．D 54．C 55．B 56．D 【导语】本文讲述了两个有关动物的故事，告诉我们：动物是人类的朋友，要和动物和平相处，尊重每一个生命。 53．细节理解题。根据“The first story is from Ray.”和“My cat, Tiger”可知，Ray是猫的主人，故选D。 54．代词指代题。根据“It was my iPad, which I didn’t realize had fallen off the bed and onto the floor. He probably didn’t know what it was, but he knew that it made me happy.”可知，那是我的iPad，我没有意识到它已经从床上掉到地板上了。他可能不知道那是什么，但他知道那能让我开心。所以it指的是iPad，故选C。 55．细节理解题。根据“It lost one of her wings, so she was unable to return to the wild.”可知，因为她受了重伤，不能飞了。故选B。 56．主旨大意题。根据“We should respect (尊敬) every life in the world.”和全文可知，本文讲述了两个有关动物的故事，告诉我们：动物是人类的朋友，要和动物和平相处，尊重每一个生命。故选D。 22 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解 说明文 主题01 人与社会——科普 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市康平县 ·期末 Drones (无人机) can be helpful in many fields. This year, a team of volunteers (志愿者) in the UK saved a dog in a special way. They used a drone and meat. How did that happen? On January 13th, Emma Oakes lost her dog, Millie when they were out for a walk. Emma was very worried. She asked the team DDSAR for help. After about two hours, volunteers found Millie in a wetland. It was dangerous for Millie to stay there. The water was around her, and she might fall into it. The DDSAR used a drone to follow Millie. Also, some policemen came and tried to get close to Millie by boat and on foot. But Millie was very afraid of those men. They made Millie move farther away from the safe place, so they had to pause their work. Later, one of the volunteers thought of an idea. He said they could use meat dangling from the drone, and then help Millie get to a safe place. The other volunteers and the policemen agreed with him and decided to do it. Millie was very hungry and wanted to eat the meat. She followed the meat and left the wetland. Finally, Millie ran towards Emma. Everyone there was happy for them. Emma was thankful to all the volunteers and policemen for their hard work. The drone played an important part in saving Millie. Emma said it was fantastic to get her dog back. 1．What happened to Emma Oakes on January 13th? A．She got lost. B．She lost her dog. C．She broke her drone. D．She fell in a wetland. 2．What does the underlined word “pause” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Stop. B．Realize. C．Forget. D．Compare. 3．Which of the following shows the right order? ①The volunteers found Millie in a wetland. ②Millie followed the meat and left the wetland. ③Emma Oakes went out for a walk with Millie. ④Some policemen came and tried to get close to Millie. A．①③④② B．②①④③ C．③①④② D．④①②③ 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．Use the drone. B．Protect a volunteer. C．Follow the meat. D．Find the owner. Passage 2 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市皇姑区 ·期末 Winter is coming—do you feel down more often? If so, you may have seasonal affective disorder (季节性情绪失调). It is short for SAD． SAD is a kind of depression (抑郁) that comes and goes with the seasons. It is also known as “winter depression” because it usually happens in winter. Besides feeling sad, people with SAD may also lose interest in everyday activities. They may sleep a lot and find it hard to get up in the morning. It can also be difficult for them to focus. Scientists still don’t know the reason behind SAD．But it’s often connected to less sunlight during the shorter autumn and winter days, the UK National Health Service (NHS) said. Not getting enough sunlight might make a part of the brain not work well. This can influence (影响) your hormones (荷尔蒙) and body clock. All of these things make you feel blue. “Getting more sunlight and exercising are good ways to deal with SAD．‘Light therapy (疗法)’, or using special lamps at home to simulate (仿造) natural light, can also help. But if you still feel very sad, you should go to a doctor,” said the NHS. 5．How do people probably feel more often if they have SAD? A．Nervous. B．Unhappy. C．Excited. D．Surprised. 6．What might be the reason behind SAD according to the NHS? A．Getting less sunlight. B．Getting less sleep. C．Too many brain activities. D．Problems in people’s lives. 7．What does the underlined phrase “deal with” probably mean? A．study B．send C．solve D．make 8．Which of the following suggestions is given by the NHS? A．Keep lights on at night. B．Stay indoors more often. C．Think less about your feelings. D．Exercise more in natural light. Passage 3 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市皇姑区 ·期末 You can buy lots of things during a live-stream (直播), such as food and clothes, and now even a ticket to space. On Oct 24, 2024, a Chinese space company sold two space travel tickets in a live-stream. This was the first time space tickets were sold in China. The tickets were priced at 1.5 million yuan each. But during the stream, they were sold for 1 million yuan each. The space trip will last about 12 minutes. According to the company, passengers (乘客) will sit in a spacecraft (航天器) that is about 4 meters tall and 3.5 meters wide, with six big windows and space for six people. The spacecraft will go 100 kilometers above Earth. Travelers will experience weightlessness (失重) for at least five minutes and see Earth from above before coming back down safely. Passengers must be between 18 and 60 years old. They need to be healthy. They also have to take some training before the trip. The trip will use the company’s Nebula-1 rocket. It runs on oxygen and kerosene (煤油) and can be reused. This makes the launch (发射) cheaper. As this technology gets better, space tickets might become less expensive. The company plans to do lots of tests in 2026 to make sure the space trip is safe. They hope to begin the trip in 2027. 9．How many space travel tickets did a Chinese space company sell in a live-stream? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 10．How long will travelers experience weightlessness? A．For over 4 minutes. B．For almost 4 minutes. C．For 5 minutes or more. D．For more than 5 minutes. 11．If you want to travel to space in the spacecraft, you must be ________. A．15 years old. B．17 years old. C．50 years old. D．65 years old. 12．From the text, we can infer (推断) that the space company will ________. A．become more popular in 2026. B．sell more expensive space tickets. C．make space travelers become much richer. D．try their best to keep travelers safe in space. Passage 4 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市和平区 ·期末 ①Numbers are not just numbers. They have cultural meanings. Let’s see some of the lucky and unlucky numbers across the world. ②◆The number 3 People in Sweden think all good things come in threes. For example, there are three kinds of medals in a game. People in South Korea and Italy think the same way. But people in Japan and Vietnam have a different idea. They don’t like taking photos when there are only three people. They think death will come for the person in the middle. ③◆The number 8 It is a lucky number in most countries. This number is very welcome among Chinese people because it has the similar pronunciation to “Fa”. The Beijing Summer Olympics started at 8:00 pm on August 8th, 2008. Eight is also a lucky number in Japan. But it’s different in Bulgaria. People there think it can bring them bad luck. ④◆The number 9 In China, it’s a lucky number. It has the same pronunciation as “Jiu”, meaning everlasting (永恒的). In Norway, it’s a lucky number, too. There are many stories about it. But people in Japan don’t like it. Why? Because when they say it in Japanese, it’s just like another word “Ku”. ⑤◆The number 13 How about the number 13? It’s an unlucky number in many countries, like Norway, Sweden and the UK. Lots of bad things happened on the 13th in history. However, in Italy, 13 is a lucky number. People think 13 can help them live a happy life. 13．Which countries think of the number three as a lucky number? A．Japan and Vietnam. B．South Korea and Japan. C．Vietnam and Sweden. D．South Korea and Sweden. 14．How does the writer start the text about the number 13? A．By giving an example. B．By telling a story. C．By providing a background D．By asking a question. 15．Which of the following is right according to the text? ①Jane in Italy loves taking photos of three people. ②Peter in Bulgaria is very happy to have eight balls. ③Bella in Norway is glad to collect nine model planes. ④John in Sweden would like to have a party on June 13. A．③④ B．②④ C．①③ D．①④ 16．How is the text organized? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． Passage 5 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市和平区 ·期末 The 19th Asian Games came to an end successfully on Sunday in Hangzhou. They were reported as safe and smart games at home and abroad. Because of the large size, the Games have brought unprecedented challenges for the security (安全保障). There have been many examples of Internet attacks in sports activities. For example, hackers (黑客) have ever tried to steal sportsmen’s personal information for money. However, zero mistake was made in security protection in the Hangzhou Games. To achieve this, the security workers made full use of intelligent technology (IT). This helped the activities go well and provided a safe environment. It made the Games “Safe Asian Games”. The Games have also been the first “Smart Asian Games”. Behind the wonderful shows of different activities, they used a large number of intelligent technologies. Artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things and 5G all appeared. With the support of the cloud network (云网络), people could see technology make the biggest difference. For example, it only took five seconds to check the results. Though the Asian Games were full of challenges, with the help of high-tech, Hangzhou has successfully made them safe and smart. They have provided a chance for China to show the high level of network security protection, as well as the latest technology. 17．Which words can best describe the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou? A．Old and small. B．Small and safe. C．Safe and smart. D．Smart and new. 18．What does the underlined (划线的) word “unprecedented” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．The biggest. B．The oldest. C．The smallest. D．The fastest. 19．Why does the writer give an example at the end of Paragraph 3? A．To show the Games go well. B．To show a safe environment. C．To show the fast cloud network. D．To show how to check the games. 20．What’s the main idea of the text? A．The future of intelligent technologies. B．The challenges the Hangzhou Games face. C．The large network attacks in the Hangzhou Games. D．The use of intelligent technologies in the Hangzhou Games. 主题02 人与社会——科普 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市沈北新区·期末 Now, glasses have become a daily necessity for some of us. So, what do you know about them? No one knows who made the first wearable pair of glasses, but experts do know that they were made in the 13th century and showed up in Italy. Early glasses were like magnifying glasses (放大镜). And most of them weren’t even made of glass! Instead, many early eyeglasses contained quartz (石英). That’s because most glass at that time was not clear, so it wouldn’t have worked well for eyeglasses. Eyeglasses didn’t look much like modern glasses until the 1700s. That’s when people added temples (镜腿) to hold glasses on their faces. Glasses also became much more common around this time, probably because reading became more popular. People didn’t start seeing eye doctors for glasses until the 1800s. At that time, they just tried on different pairs of glasses until they found one that made their eyesight better. Eye doctors changed that. They gave an eye test for people to tell whether or not they needed a pair of glasses. Different kinds of glasses have also appeared. People in China started wearing sunglasses in the 12th century. These early sunglasses were also made of quartz. Today, many people also like to wear contact lenses (隐形眼镜), which were invented by a German in 1887. The first contact lenses were very uncomfortable. Luckily, today’s lenses are softer and can be worn all day. However, you should always take your contact lenses out at night. Some people even like to wear glasses with no lenses. Called fashion glasses, they come in many shapes and sizes to fit anyone’s personal style. 21．What can we know about the early glasses in paragraph 2? A．They were made by Indians. B．They were all made of glass. C．They first showed up in India. D．They were like magnifying glasses. 22．What happened to glasses in the 1700s? A．People in China started to wear sun glasses. B．People started to see eye doctors for glasses. C．People added temples to hold glasses on the face. D．Eyeglasses didn’t look much like modern glasses. 23．How many kinds of glasses are mainly introduced in paragraph 5? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 24．What does the text mainly talk about? A．The history of glasses. B．Different uses of glasses. C．The importance of glasses. D．The ways to choose glasses. Passage 2 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市法库县 ·期末 Zero is, in fact, very different from the other numbers. At first, there were only the numbers one to nine. Zero first appeared in India about 2,000 years ago. Many other ancient cultures didn’t mark nothingness. However, the ancient Indians were the first to consider nothingness a number. Little by little, global communication became more common. Finally, zero was brought out of India. It was accepted as an Arabic numeral (数字). During the 13th century, Arabic numerals were introduced into the West. However, Westerners had been used to using Roman numerals. Arabic numerals were not popular. This was especially true for zero. Since there was no zero in Roman numerals, people found it hard to accept the new number. Dishonest business people could easily turn a “0” into a “6” or a “9”. So some people believed zero would cause much trouble. Zero was also considered an unlucky number. That’s because it is close to negative numbers (负数) — the idea of having debts (负债). Florence, Italy, even didn’t allow people to use zero all over the city. It was not until the 15th century that zero and the other Arabic numerals were fully accepted. Business people played an important role. Just think about doing calculations using Roman numerals. You can hardly do any trade (买卖), can you? 25．When did zero first appear? A．In the 14th century. B．In the 15th century. C．About 2,000 years ago. D．During the 13th century. 26．Why did some people think of zero as an unlucky number? A．Because it could be easily turned into a “6” or a “9”. B．Because it was useless in doing trade. C．Because there’s no zero in Roman numerals. D．Because it is close to negative numbers. 27．From the text we can know that ________. A．zero was accepted as a Roman numeral B．the ancient Indians invented zero C．zero is an unusual number all the time D．people could use zero in Florence when it first appeared 28．How is the text organized? (①= Paragraph 1,②= Paragraph 2,…) A． B． C． D． Passage 3 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市法库县 ·期末 Do you think you have a good memory (记忆) ? It is difficult to say exactly what memory is. Even scientists who have been studying memory for many years say that they are still trying to find out what it is. We do know that memory is not just one thing stored (存储) somewhere in the brain (大脑). Memory is made up of small pieces of information stored all over the brain. The human brain is very small and light. But it needs about 20% of the oxygen (氧气) that our body takes in. We can’t think well if our brain isn’t getting enough oxygen, so always make sure there is enough oxygen in the air when you need to learn or remember something! Why do you forget things sometimes? The main reason for forgetting something is that you did not learn it well enough in the beginning. For example, if you meet some new people and right away forget their names, it is because you didn’t record (记录) the names when you heard them. No one can remember everything, but everyone can learn how to improve their memory. Here are some ways: ●When you want to remember something, tell a friend about it. This way the new information becomes more memorable. Later on, think about the conversation with your friend. It will help you remember the information. ●Don’t over-train your brain. When you’ve remembered a list of new vocabulary, stop studying. It’s better to study a lot of material (材料) for a short time than a small part of material for a lot of time! But remember: you do have to practise your new vocabulary as soon as possible! ●If you have to remember something big, break it down into smaller parts. It’s easier to remember 198756430387 if you break it into four smaller bits: 198-756-430-387. ●If you want to remember a piece of information, and you can’t, don’t get angry. Relax when you study! Try to enjoy yourself. You are learning new things every minute. You will remember better if you are happy and relaxed. In short, none of (没有一个) the ways can make your memory 100% perfect, but all of them are helpful. 29．Where is memory stored in your brain? A．In the left brain. B．All over the brain. C．In the right brain. D．Some parts of the brain. 30．Which of the following sentences is true according to the passage? A．We can make our memory 100% perfect. B．We can break the big information into big parts. C．We should spend a lot of time studying a small part of material. D．We’ll forget things if we don’t learn them well in the beginning. 31．According to the passage, the writer probably agrees with ________. A．sharing new information with friends B．remembering long numbers by writing C．learning at least 100 new words at a time D．getting angry when can’t remember some information 32．What does the writer mainly talk about in the passage? A．What the human brain is and where memory is stored. B．When we think well and how we remember everything. C．Why we forget something and how we improve our memory. D．What memory is made up of and who can have a good memory. 主题03 人与自然——景点与文化 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市康平县 ·期末 In the village of Liuke in China, houses are made of dark bricks (砖) and red windows. They stand there among tall and green trees. Many tourists have come to Liuke village to enjoy its natural beauty and rich culture. “This is just beautiful,” says Zhao Mingzhuo, a tourist from east China’s Zhejiang Province. “The kids get to enjoy the fields here, the old enjoy the quiet environment, and the young people can go camping. It’s quite a good experience here.” Liuke is one of the ancient villages that lie beside the Wanquan River in Hainan. The Wanquan River is 163 kilometers long and runs through an area of more than 3,600 square kilometers. A classic Chinese folk song sings in praise (赞扬) of the clear water of the river. And in recent years, the Wanquan River has become a calling card for Hainan, thanks to its rich stories and history. In the old days, when villagers needed to travel to other villages, they had to pass by this village. Then the village became a stopover (中转站) for tourists, so it got its name, Liuke. In recent years, the local government has worked hard to attract as many tourists as possible to the village. People have opened many sightseeing programs. Now the village has not only attracted tourists, but also helped villagers stay. In this way, the village can develop move quickly. 33．Tourists can ______ in Liuke village. A．plant tall and green trees B．enjoy the modern buildings C．take a boat trip up the Wangquan River D．see houses made of dark bricks and red windows 34．What’s Zhao Mingzhuo’s attitude (态度) to travelling to Liuke village? A．Supportive. B．Silly. C．Disagreeable. D．Unknown. 35．What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us? A．Where Liuke village lies. B．How Liuke village got its name. C．Why Liuke village becomes popular. D．What Liuke village used to look like. 36．What is the writer’s purpose (目的) in writing the text? A．To introduce an ancient village. B．To hope to get help from tourists. C．To tell a story about an old village. D．To show natural beauty and rich culture. Passage 2 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市法库县 ·期末 Clothing is an important part of any culture and each country in the world has its own traditional clothes. Chinese culture has a history of more than 5,000 years, so the traditional Chinese clothing also has a long history. ★ Hanfu Hanfu is the traditional clothing of the Han people. It first appeared in China more than 3,000 years ago. But it disappeared with the beginning of the Qing dynasty (朝代). Now more and more young people start to enjoy wearing it. Wang Yue, a mother of two, was a fan of hanfu. She said each suit had its own cultural background and learning about it gave her a better understanding of traditional culture. ★Tangzhuang Tangzhuang is a type of Chinese jacket. The Tang dynasty was famous in the world, so the overseas Chinese were called “Tang people”, and their clothes were called “Tangzhuang”. Tangzhuang is made in different colors, the most common are red, dark blue, gold and black. It shows good luck and wishes. ★Qipao (Cheongsam) Qipao is a traditional Chinese dress. It first appeared in China in the 1920s. Qipao is made of silk, and Chinese women like to wear it because it can show their beauty. Song Meiling loved Qipao by nature. She always wore different qipao for different seasons. 37．Why did Wang Yue like hanfu? A．It had a long history. B．It had many different colors. C．It could help her understand the culture. D．It was the clothing of the Han people. 38．What was Tangzhuang named from? A．The overseas Chinese. B．A type of Chinese jacket. C．The people in the Tang dynasty. D．Good luck and wishes. 39．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Few people enjoy wearing hanfu now. B．Tangzhuang is popular only for its special color. C．Qipao first appeared in China in the 1920s. D．The traditional clothing named after famous people. 40．What is the purpose (目的) of this text? A．To remember history of traditional Chinese clothing. B．To find out the differences of traditional Chinese clothing. C．To show the culture of traditional Chinese clothing. D．To show people’s love of traditional clothing. 主题04 人与社会——建议与文化 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省营口市盖州市 ·期末 Confidence is very important in our daily life. It can help you to develop a healthy attitude (态度). A study shows that the people who are more confident are much happier. They can have more chances to make themselves successful. But how to be more confident? Here are some suggestions: Speak loud. When you are not confident, you can’t do well what you want to do. You speak in a voice so low that other people can hardly hear you. Try to speak loud enough so that people can hear you clearly. The high voice can help you become more confident. Play sports. Physical exercise makes you tired but completely relaxed. A strong body helps you be full of confidence. Encourage yourself. Write down a list of things you did during the day to see how many things you have done well. Did you finish your homework? Did you tell a joke that made everybody laugh? Give yourself praise for the good things you have done. This is the best way to encourage yourself. Pick up a hobby. If you like singing, sing as much as you can. In some ways, a hobby can make you outstanding. And it will make you happy and confident. 41．How many suggestions are mentioned in the passage? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 42．What’s the best way to encourage yourself? A．Give yourself praise for the good things you have done. B．Write down a list of things you did during the day. C．Finish your homework. D．Tell a joke to make others laugh. 43．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A．A song. B．A way. C．A hobby. D．A friend. 44．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 2 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市新民市·期末 Bi Sheng was born in the Song Dynasty. He lived in a small village which lies in Huanggang today. He was the world’s first inventor of the printing. It is about 400 years earlier than the  printing in Germany. The printing is also called the movable-type printing (活字印刷). But how did it work in the past? First of all, the clay was made into a movable type. Then words were engraved (刻) carefully onto the types. After that the words were chosen and put in the right order in a box according to the text. Next, the workers brushed ink onto the movable types. Finally the movable types could be used for printing. They could be used again and again for different books. The movable-type printing plays an important role in Chinese culture. With the help of it, Chinese culture spread around the world more quickly. At the same time, the movable-type printing was widely used in the world at that time. As a result, more and more cultural exchanges among countries took place. The movable-type printing, the compass (指南针), gunpowder and paper making are called the four great inventions of China. They make China own an important and even top position in the history of human civilization (文明). 45．What should the workers do after the words were chosen and put in the right order? A．Brush ink onto the types. B．Make the clay into movable types. C．Print by using the types. D．Engrave words onto the types. 46．How many steps were there in the movable type printing? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 47．What does the underlined word“it” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．the compass B．gunpowder C．paper making D．the movable-type printing 48．What’s the passage mainly about? A．The four great inventions and their positions in the history of human civilization. B．Bi Sheng invented the movable-type printing after trying many times. C．The movable-type printing and its importance to cultural exchanges. D．How Bi Sheng invented the movable-type printing in the Song Dynasty. 主题05 人与社会——文化与保护动物 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省营口市盖州市·期末 The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms (节气). It starts from the Beginning of Spring and ends with the Greater Cold, moving in cycles. It is still useful today to guide people’s lives through special foods, cultural ceremonies and even healthy living tips. Grain Buds (小满) is the 8th solar term of a year. It means that the seeds (种子) from the grain are becoming full. During the Grain Buds, summer harvest is about to begin. A saying about rain during this time mentions, “A heavy rainfall makes the river full.” Because of the great increase in rainfall, rivers are full of water. This is a good time to enjoy fish. It is also the harvest season for fishermen. Frost’s Descent (霜降), the 18th solar term of the year, is the last solar term of autumn, during which time the weather becomes much colder than before and frost begins to appear. The apple is one kind of the recommended (推荐的) fruit during Frost’s Descent. There are many sayings about apples’ benefits (益处) in China, such as “Eat an apple after meals, even old men can be as strong as young men.” Minor Cold (小寒) is the 23rd one. For most areas of China, it marks the start of the coldest days of the year and people always start preparing for the New Year. According to traditional Chinese medicine thoughts, people need to eat food that has more yang energy to prevent cold from harming their bodies. Another important traditional food for Minor Cold is Laba porridge (腊八粥). 49．________ is the last solar term of a year. A．Minor Cold B．Greater Cold C．Frost’s Descent D．Grain Buds 50．Which solar term is Grain Buds? A．The last one. B．The eighth one. C．The eighteenth one. D．The twenty-third one. 51．The underlined sentence in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to “________”. A．An apple a day keeps the doctor away. B．It’s more useful for old men to eat apples than young men. C．If old men eat apples after meals, they will become younger and younger. D．If old men eat apples after meals, they will become younger than young men. 52．We can learn from the passage that ________. A．it is necessary for people to take umbrellas with them during Grain Buds B．Grain Buds is the harvest season for fishermen but not farmers C．Frost’s Descent is the 8th solar term of a year D．people need to eat food that has less yang energy during Minor Cold Passage 2 24-25八年级上·辽宁省丹东市·期末 Animals are our friends. Sometimes they make trouble, but sometimes they can help us. And they hope to live a happy life, too. Here are two real stories from our readers. The first story is from Ray. “My cat, Tiger, hates it when I use my iPad because it takes my attention away from him. One year, I had a fall at home and was on the floor for 16 hours. During this time, I was unable to move and couldn’t get to the phone to call for help. Tiger stayed by my side until he disappeared under my bed. ‘What’s he up to?’ I wondered. To my surprise, he started to push something towards me. It was my iPad, which I didn’t realize had fallen off the bed and onto the floor. He probably didn’t know what it was, but he knew that it made me happy. Thanks to Tiger, I was able to communicate with my friend, Becky, who then told my doctor.” The second story is from Colin. “Years ago, my friend Julius saved a bird-a wild ”Mom cockatoo (鹦鹉) from the side of the road and kept it as a pet in a big cage (笼子). It lost one of her wings, so she was unable to return to the wild. Soon, two wild cockatoos came visiting and one ‘Dad’ bird wanted to find his way into the cage. The ‘Mom’ cockatoo in the cage was soon expecting. But as she couldn’t fly, ‘Dad’ cockatoo built a home in the tree, keeping off everyone who got close to ‘Mom’ cockatoo. ‘Baby’ cockatoo would spend his days flying off with his dad, leaving his mom behind. She would sit and wait until they returned home each afternoon. The family stayed together happily.” After reading the stories, don’t you think we should get along well with animals? No matter they are our pets or live in the wild, they have their feelings. We should respect (尊敬) every life in the world. 53．________ is the owner of the cat. A．Becky B．Julius C．Colin D．Ray 54．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to the ________. A．phone B．cat C．iPad D．bed 55．“Mom” cockatoo didn’t return to the wild because ________. A．Julius caught it as a pet B．she was badly hurt and couldn’t fly C．She liked the life in the cage better D．“Dad” cockatoo built a home in the tree 56．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the text? A．To tell us Ray, Becky and Colin are animal lovers. B．To ask us not to use iPad too much. C．To let us know family members should help each other. D．To tell us we should respect every life in the world. 17 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $