Unit 1 Great explorations 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语沪教牛津版九年级下册

Unit 1 Great explorations 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一、单词拼写（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分） 1．The ________ (发现) of penicillin saved millions of lives in medical history. 【答案】discovery 【详解】句意：青霉素的发现在医学史上拯救了数百万人的生命。“发现” 对应名词 discovery，此处特指 “青霉素的发现”，用单数形式，且 “the discovery of” 为固定搭配，表 “…… 的发现”。故填 discovery。 2．Mastering a ________ (外国的) language helps people communicate better in international exchanges. 【答案】foreign 【详解】句意：掌握一门外语有助于人们在国际交流中更好地沟通。“外国的” 用形容词 foreign 表示，修饰后面的名词 language，构成 “foreign language”（外语）这一常用搭配。故填 foreign。 3．His lifelong dream is to take a trip to ________ (非洲) and experience its unique customs. 【答案】Africa 【详解】句意：他毕生的梦想是去非洲旅行，体验其独特的风俗。“非洲” 是专有名词 Africa，首字母必须大写，无复数形式，直接使用原形。故填 Africa。 4．A key o________ from the international organization will attend the regional meeting. 【答案】official 【详解】句意：该国际组织的一位关键官员将出席这次地区会议。根据首字母提示，“官员” 对应名词 official，空前有不定冠词 A 修饰，需用单数形式。故填 official。 5．The pillow filled with ________ (丝绸) is soft and helps people sleep better. 【答案】silk 【详解】句意：这个填充丝绸的枕头很柔软，有助于人们睡得更好。“丝绸” 对应不可数名词 silk，无复数形式，直接使用原形。故填 silk。 6．“Could you repeat your opinion?” is a polite way to ask for ________ (重复). 【答案】repetition 【详解】句意：“你能重复一下你的观点吗？” 是一种礼貌的请求重复的方式。“重复” 对应不可数名词 repetition，泛指 “重复” 这一行为，无需变复数。故填 repetition。 7．With the development of the Internet, the number of online learners keeps r________ steadily. 【答案】(r) ising 【详解】句意：随着互联网的发展，在线学习者的数量持续稳步上升。根据首字母 r 及 “The number of online learners”，可知此处指数量 “上升”，用动词 rise，且 “keep doing sth.” 为固定搭配，表 “持续做某事”，故填动名词 rising。考点为固定搭配及动词的 ing 形式，符合 “keep + 动名词” 的语法规则。故填 (r) ising。 8．He has traveled around the world and believes ________ (没有地方) is beyond people’s reach with hard work. 【答案】nowhere 【详解】句意：他游历过世界各地，认为只要努力，没有什么地方是人们到达不了的。“没有地方” 对应不定代词 nowhere，在句中作主语，符合不定代词作主语的语法规则。故填 nowhere。 9．C________ with paper books, e-books are more convenient to carry around. 【答案】(C) ompared 【详解】句意：与纸质书相比，电子书更便于携带。根据首字母 C 及语境，此处是将电子书与纸质书对比，用动词 compare 的过去分词 Compared，构成 “compared with”（与…… 相比）的固定搭配，逻辑主语 e-books 与 compare 为被动关系。故填 (C) ompared。 10．The ________ (大陆) of South America is famous for its rich rainforests and diverse species. 【答案】continent 【详解】句意：南美洲大陆以其茂密的热带雨林和多样的物种而闻名。“大陆” 对应名词 continent，此处特指 “南美洲大陆”，用单数形式。故填 continent。 11．For most people, health and happiness are more precious than ________ (财富). 【答案】wealth 【详解】句意：对大多数人来说，健康和幸福比财富更珍贵。“财富” 对应不可数名词 wealth，无复数形式，直接使用原形。故填 wealth。 12．The p________ of the steam engine marked a new era in the industrial revolution. 【答案】(p) ioneer 【详解】句意：蒸汽机的先驱标志着工业革命的一个新时代。根据首字母 p 及 “the steam engine”，可知此处指蒸汽机的 “先驱”，用名词 pioneer，结合语境用单数形式。故填 (p) ioneer。 13．Zheng He’s long sea ________ (航行) helped strengthen ties between China and other countries. 【答案】voyages 【详解】句意：郑和的长途海上航行为加强中国与其他国家的联系提供了帮助。“航行” 对应名词 voyage，结合常识郑和下西洋是多次航行，需用复数形式 voyages。故填 voyages。 14．Love and care can s________ quickly among people and make the world warmer. 【答案】(s) pread 【详解】句意：爱与关怀能在人们之间迅速传播，让世界更温暖。根据首字母 s 及语境，此处指 “传播”，用动词 spread，情态动词 can 后接动词原形，且 spread 的原形与过去式、过去分词形式一致。故填 (s) pread。 15．As an A________, he is familiar with both American and European cultures. 【答案】(A) merican 【详解】句意：作为一名美国人，他对美国和欧洲文化都很熟悉。根据首字母 A 及语境，此处指 “美国人”，用名词 American，空前有不定冠词 an 修饰，需用单数形式。故填 (A) merican。 16．B________ the tight schedule, we also had to deal with unexpected problems during the project. 【答案】(B) esides 【详解】句意：除了紧张的日程安排，我们在项目期间还得处理突发问题。根据首字母 B 及 “we also had to deal with”，可知此处表示 “除…… 之外还有”，用副词 besides，修饰整个句子。故填 (B) esides。 17．China’s 56 ________ (民族) have their own unique cultures and living habits. 【答案】peoples 【详解】句意：中国的 56 个民族都有自己独特的文化和生活习惯。“民族” 对应名词 people，此处为可数名词，其复数形式为 peoples，空前有数字 56 修饰，需用复数形式。故填 peoples。 18．The ________ (长颈鹿) is usually found in African grasslands and feeds on leaves. 【答案】giraffe 【详解】句意：长颈鹿通常生活在非洲草原，以树叶为食。“长颈鹿” 对应名词 giraffe，此处表示泛指，用单数形式。故填 giraffe。 19．The factory makes great profits by t________ with businesses from Southeast Asia. 【答案】(t) rading 【详解】句意：这家工厂通过与东南亚的企业贸易赚取了巨额利润。根据首字母 t 及 “makes great profits”，可知此处指 “贸易”，用动词 trade，介词 by 后接动名词形式，故填 trading。故填 (t) rading。 20．Scientists have d________ a new material that can reduce energy consumption. 【答案】(d) eveloped 【详解】句意：科学家们已经研发出一种能降低能源消耗的新材料。根据首字母 d 及 “a new material”，可知此处指 “研发”，用动词 develop，结合 “have” 可知句子为现在完成时，需填过去分词 developed。故填 (d) eveloped。 二、用所给词的正确形式填空。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, (wealth) and wise. 【答案】wealthy 【详解】句意：早睡早起使人健康、富有和明智。根据“...makes a man healthy...and wise.”可知空处应填形容词。wealth名词，“财富”，wealthy形容词，“富有的”。故填wealthy。 2.Yang Zhenning, who is (know) as an outstanding scientist, won 2021 Annual People Award in China. 【答案】known 【详解】句意：杰出科学家杨振宁赢得了2021年度感动中国年度人物奖。know动词，“知道” 。be known as “以……而著名”，形容词短语。故填known。 3. Scientists in this field have made a new (discover). 【答案】discovery 【详解】句意：这个领域的科学家有了新发现。discover“发现”，动词。此处形容词new后应填名词形式，表示“新发现”。故填discovery。 4. You can go to the website to check whether the news is real or not. (officer) 【答案】official 【详解】句意：你可以去官网上查看消息的真假。根据“You can go to the…website”可知，此空缺的成分是形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词“website”。officer“官员”，是名词，其对应的形容词是official“官方的”。故填official。 5. A large number of  African moved to the USA to make money years ago. （America） 【答案】Americans 【详解】许多非洲裔美国人在几年前搬到美国赚钱。 African是形容词，非洲的，非洲人的，后加名词的复数，America是美国，此处表示美国人，用American，A large number of 后加名词复数形式，故填Americans。 6. Mr. Zhang went to (African) on business last week. 【答案】Africa 【详解】句意：上周张老师去非洲出差了。go to+地点名词，所以这里用African 的名词Africa，意思是“非洲”，根据句意及所给单词提示，故填Africa。 7. I can talk with these (foreign). I’m sure of myself. 【答案】foreigners 【详解】句意：我可以和这些外国人交谈。我对自己很有把握。由句中“talk with”可知，此句是说和某人交谈。foreign外国的，形容词，可变形为foreigner，意为“外国人”，可数名词，由修饰词“these”可知，此处用复数形式，故填foreigners。 8. Besides food, the company also provided medicine for the wounded soldiers. (provide) 【答案】providing 【详解】句意：除了提供食物，连队还为受伤的士兵提供药品。besides“除了”，为介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词，所给词provide为动词，意为“提供”，其动名词形式为providing。故填providing。 9. The Silk road was actually many different . (route) 【答案】routes 【详解】句意：丝绸之路实际上是许多不同的路线。根据“many different”可知，此处应填route的复数形式routes，表示“许多不同的路线”。故填routes。 10. Zhang Qian was a pioneer in up the Silk Road. (set) 【答案】setting 【详解】句意：张骞是开辟丝绸之路的先驱。in是介词，后加动名词作宾语。故填setting。 11. By (compare) yourself to your parents, you’ll find you are much happier than them. 【答案】comparing 【详解】句意：把自己和父母比较，你会发现你比他们快乐得多。根据by doing sth.“通过做某事”可知，此处应用动名词comparing。故填comparing。 12. No spaceship has travelled far enough (reach) other stars in our galaxy. 【答案】to reach 【详解】句意：迄今为止，还没有宇宙飞船能飞行足够远的距离，以抵达我们银河系的其他恒星。根据“... far enough ...”可知，考查固定短语enough to do sth.表示“足够……做某事”；此处用动词不定式。故填to reach。 13. Zheng He set off from China on the first of seven great in 1405. (voyage) 【答案】voyages 【详解】句意：1405年，郑和从中国出发，开始了七次伟大航行中的第一次。根据空前seven可知，此处用可数名词复数形式voyages，意为“航行”。故填voyages。 14. The spirit of Lei Feng is worth (spread) forever. 【答案】spreading 【详解】句意：雷锋精神值得永远传播下去。 be worth doing sth“值得做某事”，故填spreading。 15. With the rapid of environmental protection technology, more cities are using solar energy. (develop) 【答案】development 【详解】句意：随着环保技术的快速发展，越来越多的城市正在使用太阳能。根据“With the rapid … of environmental protection technology, more cities are using solar energy.”以及英文提示可知，此处需要一个名词来表示“发展”，develop是动词，其名词形式为development。“the development of”表示“……的发展”，符合语境。故填development。 三、单项选择（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分） 1. Major hi-tech companies have ________ free online computer courses to teach students in the countryside new skills. A．set up B．put up C．given up D．cleaned up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：主要的高科技公司已经开设免费的在线计算机课程去教乡下的学生们新技能。 考查动词短语。set up设置，开设；put up张贴；given up放弃；cleaned up清扫。根据“Major hi-tech companies have ... free online computer courses”可知，此处表示开设免费的在线计算机课程。故选A。 2. —Dave, did you watch the talent show yesterday evening? —No. I was very busy at that time. ________, I’m just not so interested in it. A．Still B．However C．Besides D．Instead 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——戴夫，你昨天晚上看才艺表演了吗？——没有。那个时候我很忙。而且，我对它不感兴趣。 考查副词辨析。Still仍然；However然而；Besides此外，而且；Instead反而。根据语境可知，戴夫昨天晚上没有看才艺表演，一方面是因为他很忙，另一方面是因为他对才艺表演不感兴趣，前后是递进关系，所以应该用Besides来连接。故选C。 3. With the joint efforts of all the environment-minded people, the number of newly-planted trees ________ dramatically during the past ten years. A．has risen B．have risen C．has raised D．have raised 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在所有环保人士的共同努力下，过去十年中新种植的树木数量大幅增加。 考查主谓一致和动词辨析。rise表示太阳，月亮，数量等“升起，增长”，为不及物动词；raise表示工资，价格，地位等“提高”，为及物动词。根据“the number of newly-planted trees”可知，此处表示数量增加，且空后没有宾语，应用不及物动词rise；“the number of+名词复数”表示“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。故选A。 4. Learning Chinese really ______ my mind to the Chinese culture. A．called up B．turned up C．opened up D．made up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：学习中文真的让我对中国文化开阔了眼界 。 考查动词短语。called up打电话；turned up调高；opened up打开；made up编造。根据“...my mind to the Chinese culture.”可知，此处指拓宽眼界。故选C。 5. The TV play is ________ interesting ________ I want to watch it again. A．such; that B．too; to C．so; that D．too; that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这部电视剧如此有趣以至于我想再看一遍。 考查状语从句。“such+名词+that从句”表示“如此……以至于……”；“too+形容词/副词+to do sth.”表示“太……而不能做某事” ；“so+形容词/副词+that从句”表示“如此……以至于……”。句中interesting是形容词，根据“The TV play is…interesting…I want to watch it again.”可知，此处说的是如此有趣以至于想再看一遍，因此用“so...that...”引导结果状语从句。故选C。 6. A small change can ________ big differences, so try to make some progress every single day. A．turn on B．fill with C．lead to D．search for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：一个小小的改变就能带来很大的不同，所以努力每天都取得一些进步。 考查动词短语辨析。turn on打开；fill with充满；lead to导致、引起；search for寻找。根据“A small change”和“big differences”可知，这里是说小改变和大不同之间的关联，并由此引出每天进步的呼吁，即小改变会“引起”大不同。故选C。 7. As a reporter, please make sure the news is true before you ________ it. A．receive B．spread C．avoid D．prevent 【答案】B 【详解】句意：作为一名记者，在你传播消息之前，请先确认它是真实的。 考查动词辨析。receive收到；spread传播；avoid避免；prevent防止。根据“As a reporter, please make sure the news is true”可知，作为记者，应在传播消息之前确保它是真实的。故选B。 8. When I have trouble with my study, my head teacher always encourages me ________ up. A．not giving B．not to give C．doesn’t give D．to give 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我在学习上遇到困难时，我的班主任总是鼓励我不要放弃。 考查非谓语动词。根据“my head teacher always encourages me...up.”可知，班主任是鼓励“我”不要放弃。encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，其否定形式为encourage sb. not to do sth.，表示“鼓励某人不要做某事”。故选B。 9. My brother is three years ________ than me. He is ________ young ________ go to school. A．young; too; to B．younger; enough; to C．younger; too; to D．young; so; that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的弟弟比我小三岁。他太小了而不能去上学。 考查形容词比较级及副词用法。根据“than”一词可知，空处需填比较级，故排除选项A和D；根据“...young...go to school”可知，空处是指“太小而不能上学”，需用too...to...结构，表示“太……而不能……”。故选C。 10. Nowadays many schools are paying more and more attention to the full ________ of the students’ talents. A．challenge B．knowledge C．development D．standard 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如今，许多学校越来越重视学生才能的全面发展。 考查名词辨析。challenge挑战；knowledge知识；development发展；standard标准。根据“Nowadays many schools are paying more and more attention to the full …of the students’ talents.”的语境并结合选项可知，此处指学校重视培养学生才能的全面发展，C项符合。故选C。 11. —I can’t find my English book. Have you seen it ______? —Sorry, I haven’t. A．somewhere B．everywhere C．nowhere D．anywhere 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我找不到我的英语书了。你在哪儿见过它吗？——抱歉，我没见过。 考查副词辨析。somewhere某处，常用于肯定句；everywhere到处；nowhere无处；anywhere任何地方，常用于疑问句或否定句。根据“Have you seen it...?”可知，空处所在句子为疑问句，所以用anywhere。故选D。 12. —What do you think makes such an excellent athlete? —His physical strength ________ jumping skills. A．as well as B．as good as C．as much as D．as far as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你认为是什么造就了如此优秀的运动员？——他的体力和跳跃技巧。 考查短语辨析。as well as和；as good as几乎；as much as多达；as far as就……而言。根据“His physical strength…jumping skills.”的语境可知，此处表示并列关系，A项符合。故选A。 13. —Although Mr Wang is a man of great ________, he never wastes money on expensive clothes. —So smart! A．courage B．influence C．talent D．wealth 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——尽管王先生非常富有，但他从不把钱浪费在昂贵的衣服上。——真明智！ 考查名词辨析。courage勇气；influence影响；talent才能；wealth财富。根据“he never wastes money on expensive clothes.”和although引导让步状语从句可知，尽管王先生非常富有，但他从不把钱浪费在昂贵的衣服上。故选D。 14. More attention is paid to the green ________ in many villages in Zhenjiang and the government plans to plant more trees. A．development B．treatment C．achievement D．instrument 【答案】A 【详解】句意：镇江许多村庄更加重视绿色发展，政府计划种植更多的树木。 考查名词辨析。development发展；treatment治疗；achievement成就；instrument器械。根据“the government plans to plant more trees”可知，此处指政府和村庄重视绿色发展，green development“绿色发展”。故选A。 15. The film tells ________ a touching story ________ many viewers couldn’t hold back their tears. A．too; to B．such; that C．so; that D．very; that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这部电影讲述了一个如此感人的故事，以至于许多观众都忍不住流下了眼泪。考查结果状语从句。too...to... 太…… 而不能，后接动词原形，不接从句；such...that... 如此…… 以至于……，such 后接 “形容词 + 可数名词单数 / 不可数名词”；so…that… 如此…… 以至于……，so 后接形容词或副词；very...that... 无此固定搭配。句中 “touching story” 是 “形容词 + 可数名词单数” 结构，符合 such 的用法，此处表示 “如此感人的故事以至于观众落泪”，应用 such...that... 引导结果状语从句，故选 B。 16．The fleet of ships was known __________ treasure ships. A．as B．for C．of D．with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这支船队被称为宝船。 考查介词辨析。be known as 被称为；be known for 因......而出名；be known of无此搭配；be known with无此搭配。根据“The fleet of ships was known... treasure ships.”可知，此处表示被称为宝船，应用be known as。故选A。 17. His trip made the relationship ________ countries stronger. A．among B．between C．of D．from 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他的旅行使国家之间的关系更加牢固。 考查介词辨析。among（三者及三者以上）在……之中；between在……之间；of属于……的；from从。根据“ the relationship…countries”及选项可知，此处指国家之间的关系，故选B。 18. Jessica's parents always encourage her __________ out her own opinions. A．speak B．speaking C．to speak D．will speak 【答案】C 【详解】句意：杰西卡的父母总是鼓励她说出自己的意见。 A. speak说，原形；B. speaking说，现在分词；C. to speak说，动词不定式；D. will speak将说，一般将来时。短语encourage sb. to do sth. 意为“鼓励某人做某事”，为固定搭配。根据题意，故选C。 19. Columbus’s _______ of America began a new age of exploring. A．route B．voyages C．repetition D．continent 【答案】B 【详解】句意：哥伦布的美洲之旅开启了一个新的探索时代。 考查名词辨析。route路线；voyages航行，旅行；repetition重复；continent大陆。根据“Columbus’s ... of America began a new age of exploring.”可推出哥伦布的“航行”才能开启新的探索时代。故选B。 20. She didn’t realize she had left her wallet at home ________ she wanted to pay for the coffee. A．since B．that C．if D．Until 【答案】D【详解】句意：直到她想付咖啡钱时，才意识到自己把钱包忘在家里了。考查连词词义辨析。since 自从；that 用于某些动词、形容词和名词后，引出各种从句；if 如果；until 直到。not…until…“直到…… 才……” 是固定搭配，此处表示 “直到付款时才发现忘带钱包”，符合 until 引导时间状语从句的用法，故选 D。 四、完成句子。（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 1. 这个问题太难了，几乎没有学生能回答出来。 This question was few students could answer it. 【答案】 so difficult that 【详解】根据语境可知本题考查so…that…表示“如此……以至于……”的意思，so后面加形容词。difficult表示“难的，困难的”。故填so；difficult；that。 2. 约翰拥有一辆如此漂亮的汽车，以至很多人看着它。 John has car many people look at it. 【答案】 such a beautiful that 【详解】a beautiful car“一辆漂亮的汽车”，修饰名词car，用such…that表示“如此……以至于”，故填such；a；beautiful；that。 3. 我有这么多作业做以至于没有时间玩。 I have homework to do I have no time for fun. 【答案】 so much that 【详解】so much“如此多”，修饰不可数名词，so...that...“如此……以致于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填so；much；that。 4. 父母经常拿孩子与别人比较是不对的。 wrong for parents to their children others. 【答案】 It is compare with 【详解】根据中英文对比可知，此处用固定句型，It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.意为“对某人来说做某事怎么样”，to后跟动词原形；compare...with“与……比较”。故填It；is；compare；with。 5. 这段时间的天气真糟糕啊！人们的坏习惯导致了严重的环境问题。 weather we have these days! People’s bad habits terrible environmental problems. 【答案】 What terrible/bad lead to 【详解】根据“weather we have these days”和“what+adj.+不可数名词+主谓”可知，中心词“weather”是不可数名词，因此用what引导感叹句，位于句首，首字母大写；糟糕的：terrible/bad；导致：lead to；全句时态是一般现在时，主语“People’s bad habits”是复数，因此用动词原形。故填What；terrible/bad；lead；to。 6. The house is so expensive that I can’t afford it.（改为同义句） The house is expensive for me afford. 【答案】 too to 【详解】句意：这房子太贵了，我买不起。so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，其同义结构为“too...to...”，意为“太……而不能……”，其中too后接形容词/副词，to后接动词原形。原句中“expensive”为形容词，“afford”为动词原形，符合“too...to...”的结构要求。 故填too；to。 7. Basketball is such an interesting game that many teenagers want to play it well. (改为同义句) Basketball is that many teenagers want to play it well. 【答案】 so interesting a game 【详解】句意：篮球是一项如此有趣的运动，以至于许多青少年都想把它打好。分析原题干可知，这里属于“such a/an +adj.+可数名词单数+that”结构，意为“如此……，以至于……”，等同于“so adj. +a/an+可数名词单数+that”结构，game是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a修饰。故填so；interesting；a；game。 8.在这次旅行中，每个人有足够的时间爬长城。 Everyone has climb the Great Wall on this trip. 【答案】 enough time to 【详解】enough time to do“足够的时间去做某事”，是固定表达。故填enough；time；to。 9. 海伦岁数太小，不能去上学。 Helen is young go to school. 【答案】 too to 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“太……而不能”，too…to“太……而不能”，是固定搭配。故填too；to。 10. 这位作家的作品因其深刻的思想，迄今为止一直被称为 “文学经典”。 The writer’s works ________ ________ ________ as "literary classics" for their profound ideas so far. 【答案】have；been；known 【详解】根据中英文对照，核心考点为固定搭配 “be known as”（被称为）。句中 “so far”（迄今为止）是现在完成时的明确时间状语，需用现在完成时的被动语态。主语 the writer’s works 为复数，现在完成时被动语态结构为 have been + 过去分词，know 的过去分词为 known，故填 have；been；known。 11. 这个公园干净且美丽。 This park is clean ________ ________ ________ beautiful. 【答案】as；well；as 【详解】考点是 “as well as”（既…… 又……）。用于连接 “干净” 和 “美丽” 两个并列的形容词，描述公园的特点，用法直白，故填 as；well；as。 12. 他的演讲如此精彩，同学们都鼓起了热烈的掌声。 His speech was students made warm applause. 【答案】 so wonderful/great that 【详解】根据提示可知需要翻译“如此精彩以致于……”，“如此……以致于……”翻译成句型“so+形容词+that从句”，“精彩的”wonderful/great。故填so；wonderful/great；that。 13. 他们去年在社区里建立了一个老年活动中心。 They ________ ________ an activity center for the elderly in the community last year. 【答案】 set up 【详解】根据中英文对照，缺少 “建立”，对应固定短语 set up。句子时态为一般过去时，set 的过去式仍为 set，故填 set；up。 14.我们全家去年暑假一起去旅行了。 My family ________ ________ ________ ________ together last summer vacation. 【答案】went；on；a；trip 【详解】根据中英文对照，缺少 “去旅行”，对应固定短语 went on a trip。句中 “last summer vacation” 是一般过去时的标志，go 的过去式为 went，故填 went；on；a；trip。 15.她开辟了一个小花园，以便能种喜欢的花。 She ________ ________ a small garden so that she could grow her favorite flowers. 【答案】opened；up 【详解】考点是固定短语 “opened up”（开辟）和 “so that” 表目的。句子用一般过去时，open 的过去式为 opened，结构简单易懂，故填 opened；up。 五、语法填空。（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Zhang Qian, born in Shaanxi Province, was the 1 （famous）explorer and imperial diplomat（外交家）during the period of the Western Han Dynasty. Zhang Qian in ancient China is regarded as “the first Chinese stepping to the world”. In 139 BC, Zhang Qian was sent by Emperor Wu of Han to the Western Regions to build a military（军事）alliance（同盟）with the Greater Yuezhi（modern Tajikistan） 2 （fight）against the Xiongnu tribes together. It took Zhang Qian 13 years to reach the Gui River where the people of the Greater Yuezhi lived. But unluckily, he 3 （catch）twice by the Xiongnu and forced to stay with them for over ten years. He married a Xiongnu woman and had a son, but his loyalty（忠诚）to the Han emperor never changed. When Zhang Qian finally reached the Yuezhi lands, he was told that they were not willing to（愿意）fight against the Xiongnu. 4 the main aim of his task was not achieved, he wrote down the cultures and lifestyles of the peoples of the Western Regions（地区）, and for the first time, the Chinese emperor was told about India, the Middle Fast and even some European 5 （country）. In 123 BC, Zhang Qian followed General Wei Qing in a major military attack against the Xiongnu. His guidance led to 6 number of victories, which succeeded in ending the trouble by the Xiongnu of the Han Dynasty. In 119 BC, he 7 （lead）a second journey to the Western Regions and returned with western envoys（使者）four years 8 （late）. Zhang Qian’s expeditions（探险）provided valuable information 9 opening up the Silk Road, which helped the commercial（商业的）and cultural exchanges between the East and the West. This 10 （pioneer）achievements should be remembered forever. 【答案】 1．most famous 2．to fight 3．was caught 4．Although/Though 5．countries 6．a 7．led 8．later 9．for 10．pioneer’s 【导语】本文主要介绍了汉武帝时期著名的探险家、外交家张骞出使西域的故事。 1．句意：张骞，陕西人，西汉时期最著名的探险家和外交家。根据空前“the”以及提示词可知，此处表示最著名的，因此用most famous意为“最著名的”。故填most famous。 2．句意：公元前139年，张骞被汉武帝派往西域，与大月氏(今塔吉克斯坦)建立军事联盟，共同对抗匈奴部落。根据“Zhang Qian was sent by Emperor Wu of Han to the Western Regions to build a military（军事）alliance（同盟）with the Greater Yuezhi（modern Tajikistan）…（fight）against the Xiongnu tribes together”以及提示词可知，此处表示为了共同对抗匈奴部落，因此应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to fight。 3．句意：但不幸的是，他两次被匈奴抓住，被迫和匈奴一起待了十多年。根据“he …（catch）twice by the Xiongnu”可知，此处表示他被匈奴抓住，且时态为一般过去时，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，构成为was/were done，此处主语为he，因此用was caught。故填was caught。 4．句意：虽然他的任务的主要目的没有实现，但他写下了西域人民的文化和生活方式，第一次，中国皇帝被告知有关印度，中东，甚至一些欧洲国家的事情。根据“…the main aim of his task was not achieved, he wrote down the cultures and lifestyles of the peoples of the Western Regions”可知，此处表示虽然他的任务的主要目的没有实现，但他写下了西域人民的文化和生活方式，因此用although/though，意为“虽然”，引导让步状语从句，句子开头首字母大写。故填Although/Though。 5．句意：虽然他的任务的主要目的没有实现，但他写下了西域人民的文化和生活方式，第一次，中国皇帝被告知有关印度，中东，甚至一些欧洲国家的事情。根据空前“some”以及提示词可知，country意为“国家”，为可数名词，some后用可数名词的复数形式，因此用countries。故填countries。 6．句意：在他的领导下，匈奴取得了一系列的胜利，成功地结束了汉朝匈奴的麻烦。根据“number of victories”可知，此处表示许多胜利，a number of+可数名词复数，意为“许多……”。故填a。 7．句意：公元前119年，他第二次出征西域，四年后带着西方使节返回。根据空前时间状语从句“In 119 BC”可知，此处应用一般过去时，lead意为“引领、带路”，其过去式为led。故填led。 8．句意：公元前119年，他第二次出征西域，四年后带着西方使节返回。根据“four years”以及提示词可知，此处表示4年后，英语表达为four years later。故填later。 9．句意：张骞的远征为开辟丝绸之路提供了宝贵的信息，促进了东西方之间的商业和文化交流。根据“provided valuable information…opening up the Silk Road”可知，此处表示为开辟丝绸之路提供了宝贵的信息，provide sth. for sth.意为“为某事提供某物”，因此用for。故填for。 10．句意：我们应该永远记住这位先驱者的功绩。根据“achievements”以及提示词可知，此处表示先驱者的功绩，因此应用名词所有格作定语。故填pioneer’s。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Great explorations 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一、单词拼写（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分） 1．The ________ (发现) of penicillin saved millions of lives in medical history. 2．Mastering a ________ (外国的) language helps people communicate better in international exchanges. 3．His lifelong dream is to take a trip to ________ (非洲) and experience its unique customs. 4．A key o________ from the international organization will attend the regional meeting. 5．The pillow filled with ________ (丝绸) is soft and helps people sleep better. 6．“Could you repeat your opinion?” is a polite way to ask for ________ (重复). 7．With the development of the Internet, the number of online learners keeps r________ steadily. 8．He has traveled around the world and believes ________ (没有地方) is beyond people’s reach with hard work. 9．C________ with paper books, e-books are more convenient to carry around. 10．The ________ (大陆) of South America is famous for its rich rainforests and diverse species. 11．For most people, health and happiness are more precious than ________ (财富). 12．The p________ of the steam engine marked a new era in the industrial revolution. 13．Zheng He’s long sea ________ (航行) helped strengthen ties between China and other countries. 14．Love and care can s________ quickly among people and make the world warmer. 15．As an A________, he is familiar with both American and European cultures. 16．B________ the tight schedule, we also had to deal with unexpected problems during the project. 17．China’s 56 ________ (民族) have their own unique cultures and living habits. 18．The ________ (长颈鹿) is usually found in African grasslands and feeds on leaves. 19．The factory makes great profits by t________ with businesses from Southeast Asia. 20．Scientists have d________ a new material that can reduce energy consumption. 二、用所给词的正确形式填空。（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1. Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, (wealth) and wise. 2.Yang Zhenning, who is (know) as an outstanding scientist, won 2021 Annual People Award in China. 3. Scientists in this field have made a new (discover). 4. You can go to the website to check whether the news is real or not. (officer) 5. A large number of  African moved to the USA to make money years ago. （America） 6. Mr. Zhang went to (African) on business last week. 7. I can talk with these (foreign). I’m sure of myself. 8. Besides food, the company also provided medicine for the wounded soldiers. (provide) 9. The Silk road was actually many different . (route) 10. Zhang Qian was a pioneer in up the Silk Road. (set) 11. By (compare) yourself to your parents, you’ll find you are much happier than them. 12. No spaceship has travelled far enough (reach) other stars in our galaxy. 13. Zheng He set off from China on the first of seven great in 1405. (voyage) 14. The spirit of Lei Feng is worth (spread) forever. 15. With the rapid of environmental protection technology, more cities are using solar energy. (develop) 三、单项选择（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分） 1. Major hi-tech companies have _____free online computer courses to teach students in the countryside new skills. A．set up B．put up C．given up D．cleaned up 2. —Dave, did you watch the talent show yesterday evening? —No. I was very busy at that time. ________, I’m just not so interested in it. A．Still B．However C．Besides D．Instead 3. With the joint efforts of all the environment-minded people, the number of newly-planted trees ________ dramatically during the past ten years. A．has risen B．have risen C．has raised D．have raised 4. Learning Chinese really ______ my mind to the Chinese culture. A．called up B．turned up C．opened up D．made up 5. The TV play is ________ interesting ________ I want to watch it again. A．such; that B．too; to C．so; that D．too; that 6. A small change can ________ big differences, so try to make some progress every single day. A．turn on B．fill with C．lead to D．search for 7. As a reporter, please make sure the news is true before you ________ it. A．receive B．spread C．avoid D．prevent 8. When I have trouble with my study, my head teacher always encourages me ________ up. A．not giving B．not to give C．doesn’t give D．to give 9. My brother is three years ________ than me. He is ________ young ________ go to school. A．young; too; to B．younger; enough; to C．younger; too; to D．young; so; that 10. Nowadays many schools are paying more and more attention to the full ________ of the students’ talents. A．challenge B．knowledge C．development D．standard 11. —I can’t find my English book. Have you seen it ______? —Sorry, I haven’t. A．somewhere B．everywhere C．nowhere D．anywhere 12. —What do you think makes such an excellent athlete? —His physical strength ________ jumping skills. A．as well as B．as good as C．as much as D．as far as 13. —Although Mr Wang is a man of great ________, he never wastes money on expensive clothes. —So smart! A．courage B．influence C．talent D．wealth 14. More attention is paid to the green ________ in many villages in Zhenjiang and the government plans to plant more trees. A．development B．treatment C．achievement D．instrument 15. The film tells ________ a touching story ________ many viewers couldn’t hold back their tears. A．too; to B．such; that C．so; that D．very; that 16．The fleet of ships was known __________ treasure ships. A．as B．for C．of D．with 17. His trip made the relationship ________ countries stronger. A．among B．between C．of D．from 18. Jessica's parents always encourage her __________ out her own opinions. A．speak B．speaking C．to speak D．will speak 19. Columbus’s _______ of America began a new age of exploring. A．route B．voyages C．repetition D．continent 20. She didn’t realize she had left her wallet at home ________ she wanted to pay for the coffee. 四、完成句子。（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 1. 这个问题太难了，几乎没有学生能回答出来。 This question was few students could answer it. 2. 约翰拥有一辆如此漂亮的汽车，以至很多人看着它。 John has car many people look at it. 3. 我有这么多作业做以至于没有时间玩。 I have homework to do I have no time for fun. 4. 父母经常拿孩子与别人比较是不对的。 wrong for parents to their children others. 5. 这段时间的天气真糟糕啊！人们的坏习惯导致了严重的环境问题。 weather we have these days! People’s bad habits terrible environmental problems. 6. The house is so expensive that I can’t afford it.（改为同义句） The house is expensive for me afford. 7. Basketball is such an interesting game that many teenagers want to play it well. (改为同义句) Basketball is that many teenagers want to play it well. 8.在这次旅行中，每个人有足够的时间爬长城。 Everyone has climb the Great Wall on this trip. 9. 海伦岁数太小，不能去上学。 Helen is young go to school. 10. 这位作家的作品因其深刻的思想，迄今为止一直被称为 “文学经典”。 The writer’s works ________ ________ ________ as "literary classics" for their profound ideas so far. 11. 这个公园干净且美丽。 This park is clean ________ ________ ________ beautiful. 12. 他的演讲如此精彩，同学们都鼓起了热烈的掌声。 His speech was students made warm applause. 13. 他们去年在社区里建立了一个老年活动中心。 They ________ ________ an activity center for the elderly in the community last year. 14.我们全家去年暑假一起去旅行了。 My family ________ ________ ________ ________ together last summer vacation. 15.她开辟了一个小花园，以便能种喜欢的花。 She ________ ________ a small garden so that she could grow her favorite flowers. 五、语法填空。（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Zhang Qian, born in Shaanxi Province, was the 1 （famous）explorer and imperial diplomat（外交家）during the period of the Western Han Dynasty. Zhang Qian in ancient China is regarded as “the first Chinese stepping to the world”. In 139 BC, Zhang Qian was sent by Emperor Wu of Han to the Western Regions to build a military（军事）alliance（同盟）with the Greater Yuezhi（modern Tajikistan） 2 （fight）against the Xiongnu tribes together. It took Zhang Qian 13 years to reach the Gui River where the people of the Greater Yuezhi lived. But unluckily, he 3 （catch）twice by the Xiongnu and forced to stay with them for over ten years. He married a Xiongnu woman and had a son, but his loyalty（忠诚）to the Han emperor never changed. When Zhang Qian finally reached the Yuezhi lands, he was told that they were not willing to（愿意）fight against the Xiongnu. 4 the main aim of his task was not achieved, he wrote down the cultures and lifestyles of the peoples of the Western Regions（地区）, and for the first time, the Chinese emperor was told about India, the Middle Fast and even some European 5 （country）. In 123 BC, Zhang Qian followed General Wei Qing in a major military attack against the Xiongnu. His guidance led to 6 number of victories, which succeeded in ending the trouble by the Xiongnu of the Han Dynasty. In 119 BC, he 7 （lead）a second journey to the Western Regions and returned with western envoys（使者）four years 8 （late）. Zhang Qian’s expeditions（探险）provided valuable information 9 opening up the Silk Road, which helped the commercial（商业的）and cultural exchanges between the East and the West. This 10 （pioneer）achievements should be remembered forever. 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $