专题04 考前必背阅读词汇归纳及对点精练（知识清单，江苏专用）英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题04 考前必背阅读词汇归纳及对点精练 知识点1 文娱体育类词汇 与文娱相关的词汇 1.amusement n. 娱乐 2.audience n. 听众，观众 3.instrument n. 乐器 4.programme n. 节目；方案 5.applaud v. 鼓掌欢迎 6.prepare v. 准备 7.perform v. 表演；履行 8.hit n. （演出等）成功 9.concert n. 音乐会 10.enthusiastic adj. 热情的 11.perfect adj. 完美的，极好的 12.present adj. 出现的，出席的 13.refresh v. 使恢复精力 14.worthwhile adj. 值得花时间（或花钱、努力等） 15.brilliant adj. 巧妙的，使人印象深刻的；技艺高的 16.have a great passion for 对……有极大的热情 17.take part in/participate in 参加 18.have a gift/talent for 对……有天赋 19.prefer A to B 比起B更喜欢A 20.get into shape/build up one's body 强身健体 21.compete for/against 为/与……竞争 22.set a new record 刷新纪录 23.compare…with/to… 把……和……比较 24.cultivate one's patience 培养某人的耐心 与体育相关的词汇 1.award v. 授予，奖励 n. 奖状 2.judge n. 裁判员 v. 评判 3.select v. 挑选，选拔 4.champion n. 冠军 5.medal n. 奖牌 6.organize v. 组织 7.defeat v. 击败，战胜 8.competitor n. 竞赛者 9.delay v. & n. 延期 10.event n. 事件，大事 11.cheer v. & n. 欢呼，喝彩 12.cancel v. 取消 13.tournament n. 锦标赛 14.reputation n. 名誉，名声 15.athletic adj. 健壮的，体育运动的 16.a close game 一场势均力敌的比赛 17.contribute to 促成，造成 18.go all out 全力以赴 19.sign up 报名；签约 20.in good form 状态好 21.make a hit 流行 22.cooperate with 与……合作 23.physical exercise 体育锻炼 24.strengthen friendship 增进友谊 知识点2 人文历史类词汇 1.culture n. 文化 2.cultural adj. 文化的 3.ancient adj. 古代的 4.ceremony n. 庆典 5.custom n. 习惯；习俗 6.temple n. 寺庙 7.history n. 历史 8.adopt v. 采用 9.compass n. 罗盘 10.respect v. 尊敬 11.exist v. 存在 12.monument n. 纪念碑，纪念馆 13.pray v. 祈祷 14.remind v. 提醒，使记起 15.belief n. 信仰；信念 16.ancestor n. 祖先 17.heritage n. 遗产 18. preserve v. 保护 1.attend a ceremony 出席仪式 2.follow a custom 遵循习俗 3.date back to/date from 追溯到 4.come into being/existence 出现 5.the Palace Museum/the Forbidden City 紫禁城 6.pass down from generation to generation 一代代传下来 7.Beijing Opera 京剧 8.paper-cutting 剪纸 9.the Great Wall 长城 10.Mid-Autumn Day 中秋节 11.the Summer Palace 颐和园 12.spread Chinese culture传播中国文化 13.in memory of 纪念 14.cultural relics 文物 15.make an impression on… 给……深刻印象 知识点 3 文化节日类词汇 与文化相关的词汇 1.tradition n. 传统，风俗 2.custom n. 风俗，习俗 3.symbol n. 象征 4.treat v. 款待；对待 5.represent v. 代表；象征 6.ceremony n. 典礼，仪式；礼节 7.formal adj. 正式的 8.exchange n.& v. 交流；交换 9.ancient adj. 古代的 10.arouse v. 唤醒；引起；激发 11.diverse adj. 不同的，形形色色的 12.widespread adj. 分布广的 13.family reunion 家庭团聚 14.be around the corner/be approaching 临近，靠近 15.dress up 打扮；装饰 16.date back to/from 追溯到，始于，自……至今 17.in memory of 纪念 18.hold a variety of activities 举办各种各样的活动 19.experience diverse Chinese culture 体验多元的中国文化 20.follow a custom 遵循习俗 21.in honour of 为了纪念；向……表示敬意 与节日相关的词汇 1.festival n. 节日 2.host v. 主办，主持 n. 主人；主办国；节目主持人 3.hostess n. 女主人；女主持人 4.decoration n. 装饰；装饰品 5.decorate v. 装饰 6.gather v. 聚集 7.celebrate/observe v. 庆祝 8.harvest n. 收割；收获 v. 收割 9.invitation n. 邀请；请帖 10.adequate adj. 足够的 11.lunar adj. 月亮的；阴历的 12.get-together n.（非正式的）聚会，联欢会 11.be considered/regarded as 被认为是 12.leave a deep impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻印象 13.have a great effect on 对……有很大的影响 14.pass down 使世代相传，流传 15.receive lucky money 收红包 16.enjoy the full moon together 一起欣赏满月 17.celebrate an anniversary 庆祝周年纪念日 18.spread Chinese culture 传播中国文化 19.have a better understanding of 对……有更好的理解 知识点4 突出贡献类的人物词汇 1．genius n．天才；天资；天赋 2．creative adj.有创造力的；创造性的；独创的 3．gentle adj.温柔的；文静的 4．extraordinary adj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的 5．standout n．突出的人(或物) 6．remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的 7．acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 8．theory n．理论；学说 9．patent n．专利；专利证书 adj.有专利的；受专利保护的 10．publish vt.出版，发行；发表；公布 11．professor n．教授 12．device n．方法；技巧；装置；仪器 13．wisdom n．才智；明智；智慧，知识，学问 14．outspoken adj.直率的；直言的 15．experiment n．实验，试验 vi.做试验，进行实验 16．data n．数据，资料，材料 17．commit vt.做出(错事或非法的事)；承诺 vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等) committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的 commitment n．投入；奉献；承诺 18．academy n．(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会academic adj.学业的；学术的 19．evaluate vt.评价；评估evaluation n．评价；评估 20．scientific adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的 science n．科学scientist n．科学家 21．conclusion n．结论；推论conclude vt.断定；推断出 22．contribute vi.& vt.有助于，促成，贡献，投稿 contribution n．捐款；贡献；捐赠 23．curious adj.好奇的，求知欲强的curiosity n．好奇心；求知欲 24．intend vi.& vt.想要，计划；意指intention n．打算 25．apply vt.& vi.应用；申请 application n．申请；应用applicant n．申请人 26．intelligent adj.有才智的，聪明的；有智力的 intelligence n．才智 27．beneficial adj.有益的，有用的 benefit n．益处 vt.对……有益处 28．succeed in doing sth成功地做某事 29．take it for granted想当然地认为，认为……是理所当然 30．put forward提出；提议；建议31．doctorate n．博士学位 32．artemisinin n．[药]青蒿素 33．crucial adj.至关重要的；关键性的 34．malaria n．疟疾 35．vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 36．respectful adj.有礼貌的；恭敬的；殷勤的 37．authority n．权威；权力；官方 38．institute n．(教育、专业等)机构；机构建筑 39．encounter vt.偶然碰到；遇到 n．邂逅；遭遇 40．illustrate vt.说明，解释；加插图于 illustration n．图解，图示 41．declare vt.表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报 declaration n．宣称；公布，宣布 42．insist on坚决要求 43．sum up总结；概括 44．refer to查阅，参考；提到，谈及 45．speed up(使)加速 46．peculiarity n．个性；特点，怪异的性质 47．competent adj.能胜任的 48．diligent adj.勤奋的 49．straightforward adj.坦率的 50．thoughtful adj.考虑周到的 51．persistent adj.坚持的，不屈不挠的；持续不断的 52．physiology n．生理学；生理机能 53．intellectual adj.脑力的；有才智的 n．知识分子，脑力劳动者 54．qualification n．资格 55．accurate adj.准确的；精准的 56．advocate vt.拥护；提倡；主张 57．ambition n．雄心；野心 58．artificial adj.人工的；人造的 59．through trial and error反复试验 60．have a passion for对……有强烈的爱好 知识点5 公益事业和志愿服务类词汇 1．charity n．慈善组织，慈善机构；慈善事业 2．sponsor n．赞助者 vt.赞助 3．raise vt.提高；筹集 4．grab (grabbed，grabbed) v．抓住；攫取 n．抓取；抢夺 5．membership n．会员身份；全体会员；会员人数 6．shelter n．庇护；避难所 vt.保护；使掩蔽 vi.躲避，避难 7．entry n．加入；进入；参与 8．humanistic adj.人文主义的 humanity n．人性；人道；(统称)人类 9．influential adj.有很大影响力的 influence n．影响 vt.影响；对……起作用 10．be worthy of 值得 11．take charge of 负责 12．be faced with面对，面临 13．do charitable work做慈善工作 14．hand out分发；施舍 15．non-profit organization 非营利组织 16．contribute v．贡献；捐献；投稿contribution n．贡献 17．donate v．捐赠；赠送 18．offer v．(主动)提供 19．operation n．操作；运转；经营；企业；手术 20．platform n．[C]平台；讲台；戏台；站台 21．privilege n．特权，优待，优惠 22．purchase n．购买；购买的物品 vt.买；购买；换得 23．security n．安全；保护措施；安全工作；担保 24．serve v．服务，服役service n．服务 25．volunteer n．[C]志愿者；自愿者 vt.& vi.自愿(做某事)；主动建议voluntary adj.志愿的；自愿的 26．participate in 参与，参加 27．in need 在困难中；在危急中 28．get through 完成；接通电话；顺利通过 29．make a difference 有影响；起(重要)作用 30．rid...of...使……免除；使……摆脱 31．scheme n．方案；计划 32．reputation n．名誉；名声 33．ease vi.& vt.使(宽慰)；减轻；缓解 n．容易；舒适；自在 34．reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的 35．nervous adj.神经的；紧张不安的 36．faithful adj.忠实的，忠诚的 37．concerned adj.有关的；关心的 38．cooperative adj.合作的；合作性的 39．in return 作为报答 40．all of a sudden突然，猛地 41．in trouble 处于不幸中；处于困难中 42．come across 偶遇；无意中发现 43．give sb a hand/do sb a favor帮某人一个忙 44．in place 在适当的位置；适当 45．help sb to one’s feet帮助某人站起身来 46．eliminate vt.消除，排除 47．endeavour v．& n．努力；尽力 48．endow vt.捐赠；资助 49．enhance vt.增强；提高 50．enterprise n．事业，规划 51．exert vt.努力；尽力 52．formula n．方案；公式 53．forum n．论坛；讨论会 54．fulfil vt.履行；实现 55．grant v．同意，准予 n．拨款 56．hospitality n．好客 57．impact n．影响 v．对……有影响 58．incredible adj.难以置信的 59．inherit vt.继承 60．give away 赠送 一、根据语境写出单词的汉语意思 （一）写出下列句子中perform的含义 1．Last month, an English festival was held in our school, and our class performed a song. 2．The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not. 3．You should perform your promise no matter what happens. 4．In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their marriage ceremony in 1842. （二）写出下列句子中hit的含义 5．The tanks exploded as the plane hit the ground. 6．The region's economy will take a hit if the airbase is closed. 7．It hit me that this was a lesson I could draw from. I learned something about myself in that moment. 8．The bomb failed to hit its target. 9．When I first heard the song I knew it would be a hit. （三）判断下列句子中adopt/ adapt的含义 10．To his parents’ satisfaction, he adopted a positive attitude to study and life. 11．The young couple had no children of their own and adopted an orphan. 12．After a few months, the orphan came to adapt to his new life. 13．The film is adapted from a book written by a famous woman writer. 二、单句语法填空 1．A steady job and a growing savings account give her the financial (secure) she needs to plan for the future. 2．Our school made a (donate) of 12,000 yuan to the children in the flood-stricken area, expecting that it could help them get through the difficulty. 3．Parents are deeply (concern) about their children’s mental health in teenage years. 4．He said he had faith helping the foreign guests learn about China’s diverse customs. 5．Different teachers make different (contribute) to a student’s growth. 6．Using emojis can add humour and feeling, keeping one’s (intend) clear. 7．Due to the company’s excellent reputation, a large number of (apply) are waiting for the interview. 8．Her (ambitious) is to become an artist after graduation. 三、选词填空 A．reflect        B．flexibility        C． instantly        D．wrinkles      E. attained      F. pace G. symbolize     H. aggressive       I. continuously     J. motivation      K. refreshed 1．After forty, many people get around their eyes. 2．We need a foreign policy that shows more . 3．The athletes success through hard work and were awarded medals. 4．Dogs can be if provoked. 5．His was so strong that we doubted he could fail. 6．After a shower at the hotel, travellers felt . 7．Just for a moment—Is what you plan to buy what you really need? 8．Milk powder melts when put into the water. 9．Doves peace. 10．Experienced teachers are able to keep a proper of the lesson they deliver. 四、阅读理解 A Have you ever received a gift and wanted to send a thank-you note, but didn’t know what to write? Don’t worry! Writing a thank-you note is easy and fun. Just follow these simple steps. Step 1: Start with a greeting. Write “Dear [Person’s Name],”. Step 2: Say thank you clearly. Start your message by saying “Thank you so much for the [gift].” If it was an act of kindness, you can say “Thank you for your help.” Step 3: Add details. This is the most important part. Tell the person why you like the gift or how you will use it. For example, “I love the book! I have already started reading it.” Or, “The scarf is so warm and perfect for winter.” Step 4: Look to the future. You can write something about the next time you will meet. For example, “I can’t wait to see you at the party next week.” Step 5: End politely. Close your note with a friendly ending like “Yours,” or “With love,” and then sign your name. A thank-you note doesn’t need to be long. A few sincere sentences can make the person who gave you the gift feel very happy and appreciated. 1．Who is this passage written for? A．People who love writing letters. B．People who don’t know how to write a thank-you note. C．People who sell gifts. D．People who receive too many gifts. 2．What should you do right after the greeting? A．Say thank you for the gift. B．Tell a story about yourself. C．Ask about the person’s health. D．Describe the weather. 3．According to the passage, which step is the most important? A．Step 1. B．Step 2. C．Step 3. D．Step 4. 4．What is the main purpose of a thank-you note? A．To show off your writing skills. B．To make the gift-giver feel appreciated. C．To ask for another gift. D．To practice your English. B It all started when then 16-year-old Boyan Slat was scuba diving (水肺潜水) in Greece and was surprised to see more plastic than fish. The question “Why don’t we just clean it up?” stayed in his mind, and led him to devote his high school science project to understanding the problem. After a year of experimenting, Boyan came up with the idea to use the ocean currents to his advantage, and let them be the driving force behind catching and collecting the plastic. Instead of going after the plastic, you could let the plastic come to you. Initially, his idea did not gain attention. He decided to quit his studies and founded The Ocean Cleanup, with just 300 euros of savings as a starting capital. Then one night in March 2013, things changed. He spoke on TEDx about this project. The TEDx video spread to hundreds of thousands of people. In a matter of days, an initial team was built, and it raised the first USD 90,000. The project took off. Their early models had their share of failures — plastic slipping through, parts breaking off in the ocean. But they kept at it. In 2019, System 001/B finally worked. Then came System 002, which in 2021 gathered 20,000 pounds of ocean waste. Now they launched the Interceptor: a solar-powered system designed to catch plastic in rivers before it reaches the ocean. So far, Interceptors have been used in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Dominican Republic, and Los Angeles — with more on the way. Boyan Slat’s journey is a powerful reminder that innovation, passion, and determination can lead to significant change. His work to clean up the oceans has made a lasting impact on the world and serves as an inspiration for others to take action on environmental issues. 5．What inspired Boyan Slat to deal with plastic problems? A．A high school science project. B．An unpleasant diving experience. C．A cleanup research program. D．An experiment of ocean currents. 6．What is Boyan’s idea of the ocean cleanup? A．Catching plastics by scuba divers. B．Breaking down plastics in the sea. C．Trapping trash using ocean currents. D．Going after plastics with machines. 7．What was the turning point of the The Ocean Cleanup? A．The donated 300 euros to the project. B．Boyan’s presentation in a TEDx video. C．The successful launching of Interceptor. D．Boyan’s decision to drop out of school. 8．What can be learned from Boyan Slat’s story? A．Better late than never. B．All roads lead to Rome. C．A good beginning is half done. D．Where there is a will, there is a way. C In recent years, China’s express delivery industry has experienced remarkable growth. This service has become an essential part of daily life for millions of people. It operates through a well-organized system that moves packages from sellers to buyers efficiently. Both urban and rural residents now enjoy equal access to goods from all over the country through this network. The delivery process begins when a customer places an order. The seller then prepares the item for shipment by packing it securely. A delivery worker collects the package and transports it to a nearby processing center, where workers and machines organize the parcels based on their final addresses. This careful organization ensures that each package reaches the right city and neighborhood. Modern technology plays a crucial role in making delivery services efficient. Companies employ advanced systems to monitor packages throughout their journey. Customers receive special numbers that let them follow their package’s progress online. In major processing centers, automated equipment can process huge quantities of parcels daily. These technological solutions help maintain reliable service standards. The express delivery industry provides significant advantages to the community. It enables online shopping platforms to function smoothly, giving people access to numerous products. The sector also employs many people as delivery workers and warehouse staff. Additionally, it helps businesses in less developed regions reach customers in major urban centers, promoting balanced economic development across different areas. 9．What does the underlined word “essential” in the first paragraph mean? A．unnecessary B．difficult C．important D．expensive 10．What is the main purpose of the processing center? A．To pack the items B．To take orders from customers C．To arrange packages by destination D．To help customers track packages 11．What does the third paragraph mainly talk about? A．Technology reduces service quality. B．Technology improves delivery efficiency. C．Packages are easily traced offline. D．Automated equipment can lower the packaging cost. 12．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．How to Shop Online B．The Development of Chinese Technology C．China’s Express Delivery System D．Finding Jobs in Delivery Services D The philosopher Aristotle said, “Wishing to be friends is quick work, but friendship is a slow ripening (成熟) fruit.” Friendship is important for humans, but it takes time to develop a friendship. Friendship can be neglected easily. According to the Gallup Organization’s director, Tom Rath, we usually realize the value of friendship during difficult times. In his book, Vital Friends: The People You Can’t Afford To Live Without, Rath makes the point that if you ask people why they become homeless, why their marriage fails or why they overeat, they often say it is because of the poor quality of friendship. They feel unloved. Rath undertook a lot of study on friendship. His work resulted in some surprising statistics (统计数据): If your best friend eats healthily, you are five times more likely to have a healthy diet. Married people say friendship is more than five times as important as physical intimacy (亲密关系) within marriage. Those who say they have no real friends at work have only a one-in-twelve chance of feeling engaged in their job. On the contrary, if you have a “best friend at work”, you are seven times more likely to feel engaged in your job. British writer Mark Vernon found support for this idea. Oscar Wilde also supported the selfless aspect of true friendship when he said, “Anybody can feel sorry for the sufferings of a friend, but it needs a very fine nature to enjoy a friend’s success.” In his search for the essence (本质) of friendship, Vernon explored a lot of words from well-known people. For example, Ralph Emerson said, “A friend is a person with whom I may be sincere.” Vernon’s book, The Philosophy of Friendship, makes the point that we have now known that money does not buy happiness. He suggests that we learn from Aristotle and spend at least a fifth of our time with our friends. 13．Aristotle’s words are mentioned in Paragraph 1 to show _______. A．friendship gets broken easily. B．friendship cannot be created quickly. C．friendship has positive influences on humans. D．friendship normally doesn’t exist between men and women. 14．What does the underlined word “neglected” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．ignored. B．misunderstood. C．remembered. D．cheated. 15．According to Tom Rath, many people’s problems are caused by ________. A．the bad health conditions. B．the friendship of poor quality. C．the bad work environment. D．the stress from their family. 16．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The benefits of friendship. B．The tips on choosing friends. C．The importance of friendship. D．The different opinions on friendship. 五、完形填空 At my last check-up, the doctor mentioned that my blood pressure was a little high — not dangerous, but higher than before. Rather than put me on medication, the doctor 1 that I purposely relax every day. I had never put “purposely relax” on my daily schedule, but I decided to try it 2 . I considered various relaxation 3 — meditation, yoga, deep-breathing exercises, but decided on something more 4 : I bought a hammock (吊床). I 5 a good site in the backyard for the hammock. I tried several times to find the perfect 6 to comfortably lie in the hammock without tipping over (倾倒). I found myself reading a novel, enjoying the cool shade, and taking a nap. My cat Jasper joined me, and his sudden 7 caused the hammock to sway (摇晃) like a(n) 8 in stormy seas. I quickly held the edges to steady myself. Once we 9 rocking, both Jasper and I relaxed. As I lay there with my book and my cat, gently swaying in the light wind, I 10 that hammocks are much like life. They teach you to 11 balance, relax, and let go to truly enjoy yourself. When something 12 rocks your world, you need to 13 quickly to stay balanced. Now, despite the busyness of daily life, I 14 time each day to relax in my hammock, 15 a more balanced and enjoyable life. 1．A．noticed B．explained C．suggested D．forced 2．A．seriously B．honestly C．gently D．silently 3．A．challenges B．methods C．areas D．organisations 4．A．unclear B．untraditional C．unfair D．unhealthy 5．A．sold B．left C．chose D．lost 6．A．plan B．advice C．test D．balance 7．A．weight B．fun C．energy D．anger 8．A．boat B．eagle C．tower D．island 9．A．enjoyed B．avoided C．stopped D．began 10．A．reminded B．wrote C．stressed D．realised 11．A．combine B．keep C．deliver D．destroy 12．A．accidental B．expensive C．positive D．secret 13．A．click B．act C．run D．replace 14．A．think about B．wait for C．call for D．set aside 15．A．admiring B．introducing C．living D．measuring 六、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese farmers observed a special festival on Sept 23, 2023. 1 (know) as the Chinese Farmer’s Harvest Festival, this event happens every year on the autumn equinox (秋分). It’s a time 2 (honor) the hard work of farmers and celebrate their achievements. It also highlights the important role that farmers 3 (play) in the past three decades. As 4 country with a large population, China considers solving the food security issue as a top priority (头等大事). Over the last decade, the country’s grain production has consistently (持续地) increased, 5 (enable) China to provide help for other countries and regions. On the global scale, China has put more effort than any other country, 6 helps developing countries to work with each other. Other countries’ 7 (recognize) of China’s agricultural development can be summarized in two points. First, they respect China’s ability to address 8 (it) own food security. Second, they treat China as their “true friends”, because China has made great contributions 9 global food security. Food insecurity is 10 (basic) caused by imbalanced development worldwide. On this matter, actions speak louder than words. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 考前必背阅读词汇归纳及对点精练 知识点1 文娱体育类词汇 与文娱相关的词汇 1.amusement n. 娱乐 2.audience n. 听众，观众 3.instrument n. 乐器 4.programme n. 节目；方案 5.applaud v. 鼓掌欢迎 6.prepare v. 准备 7.perform v. 表演；履行 8.hit n. （演出等）成功 9.concert n. 音乐会 10.enthusiastic adj. 热情的 11.perfect adj. 完美的，极好的 12.present adj. 出现的，出席的 13.refresh v. 使恢复精力 14.worthwhile adj. 值得花时间（或花钱、努力等） 15.brilliant adj. 巧妙的，使人印象深刻的；技艺高的 16.have a great passion for 对……有极大的热情 17.take part in/participate in 参加 18.have a gift/talent for 对……有天赋 19.prefer A to B 比起B更喜欢A 20.get into shape/build up one's body 强身健体 21.compete for/against 为/与……竞争 22.set a new record 刷新纪录 23.compare…with/to… 把……和……比较 24.cultivate one's patience 培养某人的耐心 与体育相关的词汇 1.award v. 授予，奖励 n. 奖状 2.judge n. 裁判员 v. 评判 3.select v. 挑选，选拔 4.champion n. 冠军 5.medal n. 奖牌 6.organize v. 组织 7.defeat v. 击败，战胜 8.competitor n. 竞赛者 9.delay v. & n. 延期 10.event n. 事件，大事 11.cheer v. & n. 欢呼，喝彩 12.cancel v. 取消 13.tournament n. 锦标赛 14.reputation n. 名誉，名声 15.athletic adj. 健壮的，体育运动的 16.a close game 一场势均力敌的比赛 17.contribute to 促成，造成 18.go all out 全力以赴 19.sign up 报名；签约 20.in good form 状态好 21.make a hit 流行 22.cooperate with 与……合作 23.physical exercise 体育锻炼 24.strengthen friendship 增进友谊 知识点2 人文历史类词汇 1.culture n. 文化 2.cultural adj. 文化的 3.ancient adj. 古代的 4.ceremony n. 庆典 5.custom n. 习惯；习俗 6.temple n. 寺庙 7.history n. 历史 8.adopt v. 采用 9.compass n. 罗盘 10.respect v. 尊敬 11.exist v. 存在 12.monument n. 纪念碑，纪念馆 13.pray v. 祈祷 14.remind v. 提醒，使记起 15.belief n. 信仰；信念 16.ancestor n. 祖先 17.heritage n. 遗产 18. preserve v. 保护 1.attend a ceremony 出席仪式 2.follow a custom 遵循习俗 3.date back to/date from 追溯到 4.come into being/existence 出现 5.the Palace Museum/the Forbidden City 紫禁城 6.pass down from generation to generation 一代代传下来 7.Beijing Opera 京剧 8.paper-cutting 剪纸 9.the Great Wall 长城 10.Mid-Autumn Day 中秋节 11.the Summer Palace 颐和园 12.spread Chinese culture传播中国文化 13.in memory of 纪念 14.cultural relics 文物 15.make an impression on… 给……深刻印象 知识点 3 文化节日类词汇 与文化相关的词汇 1.tradition n. 传统，风俗 2.custom n. 风俗，习俗 3.symbol n. 象征 4.treat v. 款待；对待 5.represent v. 代表；象征 6.ceremony n. 典礼，仪式；礼节 7.formal adj. 正式的 8.exchange n.& v. 交流；交换 9.ancient adj. 古代的 10.arouse v. 唤醒；引起；激发 11.diverse adj. 不同的，形形色色的 12.widespread adj. 分布广的 13.family reunion 家庭团聚 14.be around the corner/be approaching 临近，靠近 15.dress up 打扮；装饰 16.date back to/from 追溯到，始于，自……至今 17.in memory of 纪念 18.hold a variety of activities 举办各种各样的活动 19.experience diverse Chinese culture 体验多元的中国文化 20.follow a custom 遵循习俗 21.in honour of 为了纪念；向……表示敬意 与节日相关的词汇 1.festival n. 节日 2.host v. 主办，主持 n. 主人；主办国；节目主持人 3.hostess n. 女主人；女主持人 4.decoration n. 装饰；装饰品 5.decorate v. 装饰 6.gather v. 聚集 7.celebrate/observe v. 庆祝 8.harvest n. 收割；收获 v. 收割 9.invitation n. 邀请；请帖 10.adequate adj. 足够的 11.lunar adj. 月亮的；阴历的 12.get-together n.（非正式的）聚会，联欢会 11.be considered/regarded as 被认为是 12.leave a deep impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻印象 13.have a great effect on 对……有很大的影响 14.pass down 使世代相传，流传 15.receive lucky money 收红包 16.enjoy the full moon together 一起欣赏满月 17.celebrate an anniversary 庆祝周年纪念日 18.spread Chinese culture 传播中国文化 19.have a better understanding of 对……有更好的理解 知识点4 突出贡献类的人物词汇 1．genius n．天才；天资；天赋 2．creative adj.有创造力的；创造性的；独创的 3．gentle adj.温柔的；文静的 4．extraordinary adj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的 5．standout n．突出的人(或物) 6．remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的 7．acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 8．theory n．理论；学说 9．patent n．专利；专利证书 adj.有专利的；受专利保护的 10．publish vt.出版，发行；发表；公布 11．professor n．教授 12．device n．方法；技巧；装置；仪器 13．wisdom n．才智；明智；智慧，知识，学问 14．outspoken adj.直率的；直言的 15．experiment n．实验，试验 vi.做试验，进行实验 16．data n．数据，资料，材料 17．commit vt.做出(错事或非法的事)；承诺 vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等) committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的 commitment n．投入；奉献；承诺 18．academy n．(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会academic adj.学业的；学术的 19．evaluate vt.评价；评估evaluation n．评价；评估 20．scientific adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的 science n．科学scientist n．科学家 21．conclusion n．结论；推论conclude vt.断定；推断出 22．contribute vi.& vt.有助于，促成，贡献，投稿 contribution n．捐款；贡献；捐赠 23．curious adj.好奇的，求知欲强的curiosity n．好奇心；求知欲 24．intend vi.& vt.想要，计划；意指intention n．打算 25．apply vt.& vi.应用；申请 application n．申请；应用applicant n．申请人 26．intelligent adj.有才智的，聪明的；有智力的 intelligence n．才智 27．beneficial adj.有益的，有用的 benefit n．益处 vt.对……有益处 28．succeed in doing sth成功地做某事 29．take it for granted想当然地认为，认为……是理所当然 30．put forward提出；提议；建议31．doctorate n．博士学位 32．artemisinin n．[药]青蒿素 33．crucial adj.至关重要的；关键性的 34．malaria n．疟疾 35．vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 36．respectful adj.有礼貌的；恭敬的；殷勤的 37．authority n．权威；权力；官方 38．institute n．(教育、专业等)机构；机构建筑 39．encounter vt.偶然碰到；遇到 n．邂逅；遭遇 40．illustrate vt.说明，解释；加插图于 illustration n．图解，图示 41．declare vt.表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报 declaration n．宣称；公布，宣布 42．insist on坚决要求 43．sum up总结；概括 44．refer to查阅，参考；提到，谈及 45．speed up(使)加速 46．peculiarity n．个性；特点，怪异的性质 47．competent adj.能胜任的 48．diligent adj.勤奋的 49．straightforward adj.坦率的 50．thoughtful adj.考虑周到的 51．persistent adj.坚持的，不屈不挠的；持续不断的 52．physiology n．生理学；生理机能 53．intellectual adj.脑力的；有才智的 n．知识分子，脑力劳动者 54．qualification n．资格 55．accurate adj.准确的；精准的 56．advocate vt.拥护；提倡；主张 57．ambition n．雄心；野心 58．artificial adj.人工的；人造的 59．through trial and error反复试验 60．have a passion for对……有强烈的爱好 知识点5 公益事业和志愿服务类词汇 1．charity n．慈善组织，慈善机构；慈善事业 2．sponsor n．赞助者 vt.赞助 3．raise vt.提高；筹集 4．grab (grabbed，grabbed) v．抓住；攫取 n．抓取；抢夺 5．membership n．会员身份；全体会员；会员人数 6．shelter n．庇护；避难所 vt.保护；使掩蔽 vi.躲避，避难 7．entry n．加入；进入；参与 8．humanistic adj.人文主义的 humanity n．人性；人道；(统称)人类 9．influential adj.有很大影响力的 influence n．影响 vt.影响；对……起作用 10．be worthy of 值得 11．take charge of 负责 12．be faced with面对，面临 13．do charitable work做慈善工作 14．hand out分发；施舍 15．non-profit organization 非营利组织 16．contribute v．贡献；捐献；投稿contribution n．贡献 17．donate v．捐赠；赠送 18．offer v．(主动)提供 19．operation n．操作；运转；经营；企业；手术 20．platform n．[C]平台；讲台；戏台；站台 21．privilege n．特权，优待，优惠 22．purchase n．购买；购买的物品 vt.买；购买；换得 23．security n．安全；保护措施；安全工作；担保 24．serve v．服务，服役service n．服务 25．volunteer n．[C]志愿者；自愿者 vt.& vi.自愿(做某事)；主动建议voluntary adj.志愿的；自愿的 26．participate in 参与，参加 27．in need 在困难中；在危急中 28．get through 完成；接通电话；顺利通过 29．make a difference 有影响；起(重要)作用 30．rid...of...使……免除；使……摆脱 31．scheme n．方案；计划 32．reputation n．名誉；名声 33．ease vi.& vt.使(宽慰)；减轻；缓解 n．容易；舒适；自在 34．reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的 35．nervous adj.神经的；紧张不安的 36．faithful adj.忠实的，忠诚的 37．concerned adj.有关的；关心的 38．cooperative adj.合作的；合作性的 39．in return 作为报答 40．all of a sudden突然，猛地 41．in trouble 处于不幸中；处于困难中 42．come across 偶遇；无意中发现 43．give sb a hand/do sb a favor帮某人一个忙 44．in place 在适当的位置；适当 45．help sb to one’s feet帮助某人站起身来 46．eliminate vt.消除，排除 47．endeavour v．& n．努力；尽力 48．endow vt.捐赠；资助 49．enhance vt.增强；提高 50．enterprise n．事业，规划 51．exert vt.努力；尽力 52．formula n．方案；公式 53．forum n．论坛；讨论会 54．fulfil vt.履行；实现 55．grant v．同意，准予 n．拨款 56．hospitality n．好客 57．impact n．影响 v．对……有影响 58．incredible adj.难以置信的 59．inherit vt.继承 60．give away 赠送 一、根据语境写出单词的汉语意思 （一）写出下列句子中perform的含义 1．Last month, an English festival was held in our school, and our class performed a song. 2．The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not. 3．You should perform your promise no matter what happens. 4．In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their marriage ceremony in 1842. 【答案】1．表演 2．表现 3．履行 4．举行 【解析】1．考查动词。句意：上个月，我们学校举办了一个英语节，我们班表演了一首歌。根据句中an English festival和a song可知，此处表示班级表演一首歌，perform表示“表演”。故答案为：表演。 2．考查动词。句意：玩拼图的孩子比不玩的孩子表现更好。根据句中 better than those who did not可知，此处表示玩拼图的孩子表现更好，perform表示“表现”。故答案为：表现。 3．考查动词。句意：无论发生什么，你都应该履行你的诺言。根据句中your promise可知，此处表示履行诺言，perform表示“履行”。故答案为：履行。 4．考查动词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从1842年举行婚礼的查尔斯·德雷瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地。根据句中their marriage ceremony可知，此处表示举行婚礼，perform表示“举行”。故答案为：举行。 （二）写出下列句子中hit的含义 5．The tanks exploded as the plane hit the ground. 6．The region's economy will take a hit if the airbase is closed. 7．It hit me that this was a lesson I could draw from. I learned something about myself in that moment. 8．The bomb failed to hit its target. 9．When I first heard the song I knew it would be a hit. 【答案】5．撞击 6．严重影响，打击 7．突然想起 8．命中，袭击 9．流行事物 【解析】5．考查动词。句意：飞机撞击地面时油箱爆炸了。根据“the plane hit the ground”和“The tanks exploded”可知，此处是指飞机撞击地面。所以hit意为“撞击 ”。故填：撞击。 6．考查名词。句意：如果空军基地关闭，该地区的经济将受到严重影响。根据“if the airbase is closed”可知，此处是指该地区的经济将受到严重影响。所以hit意为“严重影响，打击”。故填：严重影响，打击。 7．考查动词。句意：我突然意识到这是我可以吸取的教训。在那一刻，我了解了自己。根据“this was a lesson I could draw from”可知，此处是指突然想起。所以hit意为“突然想起”。故填：突然想起。 8．考查动词。句意：炸弹没命中目标。根据“The bomb”和“its target”可知，此处是指命中目标。所以hit意为“命中，袭击”。故填：命中，袭击。 9．考查名词。句意：当我第一次听到这首歌的时候，我就知道它会成为热门歌曲。根据“When I first heard the song”可知，此处是指它会成为热门歌曲。所以hit意为“流行事物”。故填：流行事物。 （三）判断下列句子中adopt/ adapt的含义 10．To his parents’ satisfaction, he adopted a positive attitude to study and life. 11．The young couple had no children of their own and adopted an orphan. 12．After a few months, the orphan came to adapt to his new life. 13．The film is adapted from a book written by a famous woman writer. 【答案】10．采取 11．收养 12．适应 13．改编 【解析】10．考查动词。句意：令他父母满意的是，他对学习和生活采取了积极的态度。根据“a positive attitude”可知，此处指“采取积极的态度”，adopted意为“采取”，故填“采取”。 11．考查动词。句意：这对年轻夫妇没有自己的孩子，于是收养了一个孤儿。根据“The young couple had no children of their own”可知，此处指“收养了一个孤儿”，adopted意为“收养”，故填“收养”。 12．考查动词。句意：几个月后，这个孤儿适应了他的新生活。根据“his new life”可知，此处指“适应新生活”，adapt意为“适应”，故填“适应”。 13．考查动词。句意：这部电影是根据一位著名女作家的书改编的。根据“a book written by a famous woman writer”可知，此处指“根据一位著名女作家的书改编的”，adapted意为“改编”，故填“改编”。 二、单句语法填空 1．A steady job and a growing savings account give her the financial (secure) she needs to plan for the future. 【答案】security 【详解】考查名词。句意：一份稳定的工作以及不断增长的储蓄账户为她提供了实现未来规划所需的经济保障。空处作give的宾语，用secure的名词形式security“安全，保障”，作宾语。故填security。 2．Our school made a (donate) of 12,000 yuan to the children in the flood-stricken area, expecting that it could help them get through the difficulty. 【答案】donation 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们学校向洪水灾区的孩子们捐赠了一万二千元，希望能帮助他们度过难关。空处应填名词作宾语，donation“捐赠”，名词，故填donation。 3．Parents are deeply (concern) about their children’s mental health in teenage years. 【答案】concerned 【详解】考查形容词。句意：家长们非常关心孩子在青少年时期的心理健康状况。空处作表语，用形容词concerned。故填concerned。 4．He said he had faith helping the foreign guests learn about China’s diverse customs. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：他说他有信心帮助外国客人了解中国多样的习俗。固定搭配have faith in (doing) sth.“对做某事有信心、相信”。故填in。 5．Different teachers make different (contribute) to a student’s growth. 【答案】contributions 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：不同的老师对学生的成长做出了不同的贡献。所给词contribute为动词，意为“贡献”；此处位于形容词different之后，作动词make的宾语，应用其名词形式contribution；由于different修饰可数名词时通常表示多个，应用复数形式contributions。故填contributions。 6．Using emojis can add humour and feeling, keeping one’s (intend) clear. 【答案】intention 【详解】考查名词。句意：使用表情符号能够增添幽默感和情感色彩，同时也能让表达意图更加清晰。作宾语，用名词intention，故填intention。 7．Due to the company’s excellent reputation, a large number of (apply) are waiting for the interview. 【答案】applicants 【详解】考查名词。句意：由于这家公司的良好声誉，许多申请者正在等待面试。分析句子结构可知，此空应用名词作介词宾语；applicant，表“申请者”，为可数名词，结合a large number of的语法要求，需用复数形式applicants，符合“许多人等待面试”的语义逻辑。故填applicants。 8．Her (ambitious) is to become an artist after graduation. 【答案】ambition 【详解】考查名词。句意：她的志向是毕业后成为一名艺术家。由句意及空前的Her及空后的is to become an artist after graduation可知应填名词形式ambition，作主语。故填ambition。 三、选词填空 A．reflect        B．flexibility        C． instantly        D．wrinkles      E. attained      F. pace G. symbolize     H. aggressive       I. continuously     J. motivation      K. refreshed 1．After forty, many people get around their eyes. 2．We need a foreign policy that shows more . 3．The athletes success through hard work and were awarded medals. 4．Dogs can be if provoked. 5．His was so strong that we doubted he could fail. 6．After a shower at the hotel, travellers felt . 7．Just for a moment—Is what you plan to buy what you really need? 8．Milk powder melts when put into the water. 9．Doves peace. 10．Experienced teachers are able to keep a proper of the lesson they deliver. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．E 4．H 5．J 6．K 7．A 8．C 9．G 10．F 【解析】1．考查名词。句意：40岁以后，很多人的眼睛周围都会出现皱纹。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据“After forty”可知，应是“40岁以后会有皱纹”符合语境，所以应填wrinkles意为“皱纹”。故选D项。 2．考查名词。句意：我们需要一个更灵活的外交政策。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作动词shows的宾语，根据“foreign policy”结合选项，应是“更灵活的外交政策”符合语境，所以flexibility意为“灵活性”符合语境。故选B项。 3．考查动词。句意：运动员们通过努力获得了成功，并获得了奖牌。分析句子结构可知，空处和后文的were awarded并列，所以空处应填动词，根据后文“success”，可知attained意为“获得”符合语境。故选E项。 4．考查形容词。句意：如果被激怒，狗会很有攻击性。分析句子结构可知，空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据后文“if provoked”，可知狗被激怒会有攻击性，所以aggressive意为“富于攻击性的”符合语境。故选H项。 5．考查名词。句意：他的动机如此强烈，以至于我们怀疑他会失败。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词作主语，根据后文“so strong”结合选项，应是“动机如此强烈”，所以motivation意为“动机”符合语境。故选J项。 6．考查形容词。句意：在旅馆洗了个澡后，旅客们感到神清气爽。分析句子结构可知，空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据前文“After a shower at the hotel”，可知洗澡后，应是神清气爽，所以refreshed意为“神清气爽的”符合语境。故选K项。 7．考查动词。句意：考虑一下——你打算买的东西是你真正需要的吗？根据后文“for a moment”结合句意可知，此处考查固定搭配：reflect for a moment意为“思考片刻”符合语境。故选A项。 8．考查副词。句意：奶粉一放入水中就会融化。分析句子结构可知，句子结构完整，所以空处应填副词作状语，根据后文“when put into the water”可知，奶粉一放入水中就会立即融化，所以instantly意为“立即”符合语境。故选C项。 9．考查动词。句意：鸽子象征和平。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以空处应填动词，根据句意，此处symbolize意为“象征”符合语境。故选G项。 10．考查名词。句意：有经验的老师能够保持他们讲课的适当节奏。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作动词keep的宾语， 根据后文“of the lesson”可知，此处应是“课堂的节奏”符合语境，所以pace意为“节奏”。故选F项。 四、阅读理解 A Have you ever received a gift and wanted to send a thank-you note, but didn’t know what to write? Don’t worry! Writing a thank-you note is easy and fun. Just follow these simple steps. Step 1: Start with a greeting. Write “Dear [Person’s Name],”. Step 2: Say thank you clearly. Start your message by saying “Thank you so much for the [gift].” If it was an act of kindness, you can say “Thank you for your help.” Step 3: Add details. This is the most important part. Tell the person why you like the gift or how you will use it. For example, “I love the book! I have already started reading it.” Or, “The scarf is so warm and perfect for winter.” Step 4: Look to the future. You can write something about the next time you will meet. For example, “I can’t wait to see you at the party next week.” Step 5: End politely. Close your note with a friendly ending like “Yours,” or “With love,” and then sign your name. A thank-you note doesn’t need to be long. A few sincere sentences can make the person who gave you the gift feel very happy and appreciated. 1．Who is this passage written for? A．People who love writing letters. B．People who don’t know how to write a thank-you note. C．People who sell gifts. D．People who receive too many gifts. 2．What should you do right after the greeting? A．Say thank you for the gift. B．Tell a story about yourself. C．Ask about the person’s health. D．Describe the weather. 3．According to the passage, which step is the most important? A．Step 1. B．Step 2. C．Step 3. D．Step 4. 4．What is the main purpose of a thank-you note? A．To show off your writing skills. B．To make the gift-giver feel appreciated. C．To ask for another gift. D．To practice your English. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了如何写感谢信的步骤及要点。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Have you ever received a gift and wanted to send a thank-you note, but didn’t know what to write? Don’t worry! Writing a thank-you note is easy and fun. Just follow these simple steps.(你有没有收到过礼物，想写一张感谢信，却不知道该写什么？别担心！写感谢信既简单又有趣。只需遵循这些简单的步骤)”可知，本文是写给不知道如何写感谢信的人的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Step 1: Start with a greeting.(第一步：以问候开始)”、“Step 2: Say thank you clearly.(第二步：明确表示感谢)”可知，问候之后应该明确表示感谢。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Step 3: Add details.(第三步：添加细节)”、“This is the most important part.(这是最重要的部分)”可知，第三步是最重要的。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“A few sincere sentences can make the person who gave you the gift feel very happy and appreciated.(几句真诚的话可以让送你礼物的人感到非常高兴，并且感到受到你的感谢)”可知，感谢信的主要目的是让送礼物的人感到被感激。故选B。 B It all started when then 16-year-old Boyan Slat was scuba diving (水肺潜水) in Greece and was surprised to see more plastic than fish. The question “Why don’t we just clean it up?” stayed in his mind, and led him to devote his high school science project to understanding the problem. After a year of experimenting, Boyan came up with the idea to use the ocean currents to his advantage, and let them be the driving force behind catching and collecting the plastic. Instead of going after the plastic, you could let the plastic come to you. Initially, his idea did not gain attention. He decided to quit his studies and founded The Ocean Cleanup, with just 300 euros of savings as a starting capital. Then one night in March 2013, things changed. He spoke on TEDx about this project. The TEDx video spread to hundreds of thousands of people. In a matter of days, an initial team was built, and it raised the first USD 90,000. The project took off. Their early models had their share of failures — plastic slipping through, parts breaking off in the ocean. But they kept at it. In 2019, System 001/B finally worked. Then came System 002, which in 2021 gathered 20,000 pounds of ocean waste. Now they launched the Interceptor: a solar-powered system designed to catch plastic in rivers before it reaches the ocean. So far, Interceptors have been used in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Dominican Republic, and Los Angeles — with more on the way. Boyan Slat’s journey is a powerful reminder that innovation, passion, and determination can lead to significant change. His work to clean up the oceans has made a lasting impact on the world and serves as an inspiration for others to take action on environmental issues. 5．What inspired Boyan Slat to deal with plastic problems? A．A high school science project. B．An unpleasant diving experience. C．A cleanup research program. D．An experiment of ocean currents. 6．What is Boyan’s idea of the ocean cleanup? A．Catching plastics by scuba divers. B．Breaking down plastics in the sea. C．Trapping trash using ocean currents. D．Going after plastics with machines. 7．What was the turning point of the The Ocean Cleanup? A．The donated 300 euros to the project. B．Boyan’s presentation in a TEDx video. C．The successful launching of Interceptor. D．Boyan’s decision to drop out of school. 8．What can be learned from Boyan Slat’s story? A．Better late than never. B．All roads lead to Rome. C．A good beginning is half done. D．Where there is a will, there is a way. 【答案】5．B 6．C 7．B 8．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Boyan Slat从一次不愉快的潜水经历中获得灵感，立志清理海洋塑料垃圾，历经挫折后创立“海洋清理”项目，最终研发出有效清理设备并产生深远影响的故事。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段“It all started when the 16-year-old Boyan Slat was scuba diving (水肺潜水)  in Greece and was surprised to see more plastic than fish. The question  “Why don’t we just clean it up?” stayed in his mind, and led him to  devote his high school science project to understanding the problem.(这一切都始于16岁的博扬·斯莱特在希腊进行水肺潜水时，惊讶地发现塑料比鱼还多。“我们为什么不把它清理干净呢？”这个问题一直萦绕在他的脑海里，并促使他把自己的高中科学项目投入到理解这个问题上)”可知，这次不愉快的潜水经历让他产生了解决塑料污染问题的想法。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段中“After a year of experimenting, Boyan came up with the idea to to use the ocean currents to his advantage, and let them be the driving force behind catching and collecting the plastic.(经过一年的实验，Boyan想出了利用洋流的优势，让洋流成为捕捉和收集塑料的动力的办法)”可知，他的清理思路是借助洋流困住垃圾。故选C。 7．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Then one night in March 2013, things changed. He spoke on TEDx about this project. The TEDx video spread to hundreds of thousands of people. In a matter of days, an initial team was built, and it raised the first USD 90,000. The project took off.(2013年3月的一天晚上，Boyan在TEDx上讲述了这个项目，相关视频被数十万人观看。很快组建了初始团队并筹集到第一笔9万美元的资金。项目自此顺利展开)”可知，他在TEDx的演讲是项目的转折点。故选B。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Boyan Slat’s journey is a powerful reminder that innovation, passion, and determination can lead to significant change.(Boyan Slat的经历强有力地证明，创新、热情与决心能够带来重大改变)”可推知，“有志者事竟成”最能概括他的故事带来的启示。故选D。 C In recent years, China’s express delivery industry has experienced remarkable growth. This service has become an essential part of daily life for millions of people. It operates through a well-organized system that moves packages from sellers to buyers efficiently. Both urban and rural residents now enjoy equal access to goods from all over the country through this network. The delivery process begins when a customer places an order. The seller then prepares the item for shipment by packing it securely. A delivery worker collects the package and transports it to a nearby processing center, where workers and machines organize the parcels based on their final addresses. This careful organization ensures that each package reaches the right city and neighborhood. Modern technology plays a crucial role in making delivery services efficient. Companies employ advanced systems to monitor packages throughout their journey. Customers receive special numbers that let them follow their package’s progress online. In major processing centers, automated equipment can process huge quantities of parcels daily. These technological solutions help maintain reliable service standards. The express delivery industry provides significant advantages to the community. It enables online shopping platforms to function smoothly, giving people access to numerous products. The sector also employs many people as delivery workers and warehouse staff. Additionally, it helps businesses in less developed regions reach customers in major urban centers, promoting balanced economic development across different areas. 9．What does the underlined word “essential” in the first paragraph mean? A．unnecessary B．difficult C．important D．expensive 10．What is the main purpose of the processing center? A．To pack the items B．To take orders from customers C．To arrange packages by destination D．To help customers track packages 11．What does the third paragraph mainly talk about? A．Technology reduces service quality. B．Technology improves delivery efficiency. C．Packages are easily traced offline. D．Automated equipment can lower the packaging cost. 12．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．How to Shop Online B．The Development of Chinese Technology C．China’s Express Delivery System D．Finding Jobs in Delivery Services 【答案】9．C 10．C 11．B 12．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了中国快递业的显著发展，包括其作为日常生活重要部分的地位、高效的运作流程、现代科技在提升效率中的作用，以及对社区、就业和区域经济平衡的积极影响。 9．词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“In recent years, China’s express delivery industry has experienced remarkable growth. This service has become an essential part of daily life for millions of people. It operates through a well-organized system that moves packages from sellers to buyers efficiently. (近年来，中国快递业实现了显著增长。这项服务已成为数百万民众日常生活中必不可少的一部分。它通过一套组织完善的系统运作，将包裹从卖家高效地送达买家手中。)”可知，结合快递业的增长趋势和其高效服务的特点，可推断“essential”意为“重要的”，与“important”含义一致。故选C项。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A delivery worker collects the package and transports it to a nearby processing center, where workers and machines organize the parcels based on their final addresses. (快递员收取包裹后，将其运至附近的处理中心，在那里工作人员和机器会根据包裹的最终地址对其进行整理。)”可知，处理中心的主要用途是根据目的地整理包裹。故选C项。 11．主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Modern technology plays a crucial role in making delivery services efficient. Companies employ advanced systems to monitor packages throughout their journey. Customers receive special numbers that let them follow their package’s progress online. In major processing centers, automated equipment can process huge quantities of parcels daily. These technological solutions help maintain reliable service standards. (现代科技在提升快递服务效率方面发挥着关键作用。企业采用先进系统全程监控包裹运输过程。消费者会收到专属单号，可在线追踪包裹动态。在大型处理中心，自动化设备每日可处理大量包裹。这些科技方案有助于维持可靠的服务标准。)”可知，整段围绕“科技如何提升快递效率”展开，核心内容是科技对快递效率的改善作用。故选B项。 12．主旨大意题。通读全文，第一段介绍中国快递业的发展与重要性，第二段阐述快递运作流程，第三段说明科技对快递的助力，第四段提及快递业的社会优势，所有内容均围绕“中国快递系统”展开，所以“中国快递系统”能全面概括文章核心，适合作为标题。故选C项。 D The philosopher Aristotle said, “Wishing to be friends is quick work, but friendship is a slow ripening (成熟) fruit.” Friendship is important for humans, but it takes time to develop a friendship. Friendship can be neglected easily. According to the Gallup Organization’s director, Tom Rath, we usually realize the value of friendship during difficult times. In his book, Vital Friends: The People You Can’t Afford To Live Without, Rath makes the point that if you ask people why they become homeless, why their marriage fails or why they overeat, they often say it is because of the poor quality of friendship. They feel unloved. Rath undertook a lot of study on friendship. His work resulted in some surprising statistics (统计数据): If your best friend eats healthily, you are five times more likely to have a healthy diet. Married people say friendship is more than five times as important as physical intimacy (亲密关系) within marriage. Those who say they have no real friends at work have only a one-in-twelve chance of feeling engaged in their job. On the contrary, if you have a “best friend at work”, you are seven times more likely to feel engaged in your job. British writer Mark Vernon found support for this idea. Oscar Wilde also supported the selfless aspect of true friendship when he said, “Anybody can feel sorry for the sufferings of a friend, but it needs a very fine nature to enjoy a friend’s success.” In his search for the essence (本质) of friendship, Vernon explored a lot of words from well-known people. For example, Ralph Emerson said, “A friend is a person with whom I may be sincere.” Vernon’s book, The Philosophy of Friendship, makes the point that we have now known that money does not buy happiness. He suggests that we learn from Aristotle and spend at least a fifth of our time with our friends. 13．Aristotle’s words are mentioned in Paragraph 1 to show _______. A．friendship gets broken easily. B．friendship cannot be created quickly. C．friendship has positive influences on humans. D．friendship normally doesn’t exist between men and women. 14．What does the underlined word “neglected” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．ignored. B．misunderstood. C．remembered. D．cheated. 15．According to Tom Rath, many people’s problems are caused by ________. A．the bad health conditions. B．the friendship of poor quality. C．the bad work environment. D．the stress from their family. 16．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The benefits of friendship. B．The tips on choosing friends. C．The importance of friendship. D．The different opinions on friendship. 【答案】13．B 14．A 15．B 16．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章借亚里士多德名言引出友谊需时间培养，再通过拉斯的研究数据、弗农及名人观点，论证友谊的重要性。 13．推理判断题。根据第一段“The philosopher Aristotle said, “Wishing to be friends is quick work, but friendship is a slow ripening (成熟) fruit.” Friendship is important for humans, but it takes time to develop a friendship.(哲学家亚里士多德说：“想要成为朋友很容易，但友谊是一颗慢慢成熟的果实。”友谊对人类很重要，但培养友谊需要时间。)”可知，引用亚里士多德的话是为了说明友谊无法快速建立，需要时间。故选B项。 14．词句猜测题。根据第二段“According to the Gallup Organization’s director, Tom Rath, we usually realize the value of friendship during difficult times. (盖洛普组织负责人汤姆・拉斯表示，我们通常在困境中才意识到友谊的价值。)”可知，我们通常在困境中才意识到友谊的价值，由此可推至，我们平时容易忽视友谊，neglected意为“忽视”，符合逻辑。故选A项。 15．细节理解题。根据第二段“In his book, Vital Friends: The People You Can’t Afford To Live Without, Rath makes the point that if you ask people why they become homeless, why their marriage fails or why they overeat, they often say it is because of the poor quality of friendship.(在其著作《Vital Friends: The People You Can’t Afford To Live Without》中，拉斯（Rath）提出了一个观点：如果你问人们为何无家可归、婚姻为何破裂或是为何暴饮暴食，他们往往会将原因归咎于糟糕的友谊质量。)”可知，拉斯认为很多人的问题是由劣质友谊导致的。故选B项。 16．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The philosopher Aristotle said, “Wishing to be friends is quick work, but friendship is a slow ripening (成熟) fruit.” Friendship is important for humans, but it takes time to develop a friendship.(哲学家亚里士多德说：“想要成为朋友很容易，但友谊是一颗慢慢成熟的果实。”友谊对人类很重要，但培养友谊需要时间。)”以及下文可知，第一段借亚里士多德名言引出“友谊需时间培养且重要”；第二段通过拉斯的研究和数据，说明友谊质量影响生活（如无家可归、工作投入度）；第三段通过弗农的观点和名人引言，强调友谊的本质及“花时间陪朋友”的重要性。核心围绕“友谊的重要性”展开。故选C项。 五、完形填空 At my last check-up, the doctor mentioned that my blood pressure was a little high — not dangerous, but higher than before. Rather than put me on medication, the doctor 1 that I purposely relax every day. I had never put “purposely relax” on my daily schedule, but I decided to try it 2 . I considered various relaxation 3 — meditation, yoga, deep-breathing exercises, but decided on something more 4 : I bought a hammock (吊床). I 5 a good site in the backyard for the hammock. I tried several times to find the perfect 6 to comfortably lie in the hammock without tipping over (倾倒). I found myself reading a novel, enjoying the cool shade, and taking a nap. My cat Jasper joined me, and his sudden 7 caused the hammock to sway (摇晃) like a(n) 8 in stormy seas. I quickly held the edges to steady myself. Once we 9 rocking, both Jasper and I relaxed. As I lay there with my book and my cat, gently swaying in the light wind, I 10 that hammocks are much like life. They teach you to 11 balance, relax, and let go to truly enjoy yourself. When something 12 rocks your world, you need to 13 quickly to stay balanced. Now, despite the busyness of daily life, I 14 time each day to relax in my hammock, 15 a more balanced and enjoyable life. 1．A．noticed B．explained C．suggested D．forced 2．A．seriously B．honestly C．gently D．silently 3．A．challenges B．methods C．areas D．organisations 4．A．unclear B．untraditional C．unfair D．unhealthy 5．A．sold B．left C．chose D．lost 6．A．plan B．advice C．test D．balance 7．A．weight B．fun C．energy D．anger 8．A．boat B．eagle C．tower D．island 9．A．enjoyed B．avoided C．stopped D．began 10．A．reminded B．wrote C．stressed D．realised 11．A．combine B．keep C．deliver D．destroy 12．A．accidental B．expensive C．positive D．secret 13．A．click B．act C．run D．replace 14．A．think about B．wait for C．call for D．set aside 15．A．admiring B．introducing C．living D．measuring 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．A 9．C 10．D 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过尝试在吊床上放松，领悟到生活应保持平衡、学会放松的道理。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生没有给我开药，而是建议我每天有意识地放松。A. noticed注意到；B. explained解释；C. suggested建议；D. forced强迫。根据上文“At my last check-up, the doctor mentioned that my blood pressure was a little high — not dangerous, but higher than before”和下文“that I purposely relax every day”可知，医生针对“血压偏高”给出非药物解决方案，医生给出的是建议，故选C。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我从未把“有意识地放松”列入每日日程，但我决定认真尝试。A. seriously认真地；B. honestly诚实地；C. gently温柔地；D. silently沉默地。根据上文“I had never put “purposely relax” on my daily schedule, but I decided to try it”和下文“I considered various relaxation 　3　　 — meditation, yoga, deep-breathing exercises”可知，作者尝试多种放松方式，可知是认真对待建议，故选A。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我考虑了多种放松方式 —— 冥想、瑜伽、深呼吸练习，但最终选定了一种更特别的方式：买了一个吊床。A. challenges挑战；B. methods方法；C. areas区域；D. organisations组织。根据下文“meditation, yoga, deep-breathing exercises”可知，下文列举的冥想、瑜伽等是放松方法，故选B。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. unclear不清楚的；B. untraditional非传统的；C. unfair不公平的；D. unhealthy不健康的。根据下文“I bought a hammock”可知，作者买了吊床放松，这是非传统的方式，故选B。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在后院选了一个好地方放吊床。A. sold卖；B. left离开；C. chose选择；D. lost丢失。根据下文“a good site in the backyard for the hammock”可知，作者是在选择放置吊床的位置，故选C。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我试了好几次，想找到完美的平衡，舒服地躺在吊床上而不倾倒。A. plan计划；B. advice建议；C. test测试；D. balance平衡。根据后文“without tipping over”可知，作者想舒服地躺在吊床上而不倾倒，是要找到平衡，故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的猫贾斯珀加入了我，他的突然重量使吊床像暴风雨中的船一样摇晃。A. weight重量；B. fun乐趣；C. energy能量；D. anger愤怒。根据上文“My cat Jasper joined me, and his sudden”和下文“caused the hammock to sway”可知，猫也到了吊床上，猫的重量导致吊床摇晃，故选A。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. boat船；B. eagle鹰；C. tower塔；D. island岛。根据上文“caused the hammock to sway (摇晃) like a(n)”和下文“in stormy seas”可知，猫也到了吊床上，猫的重量导致吊床摇晃，像暴风雨中的船一样摇晃，故选A。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦我们停止摇晃，贾斯珀和我都放松了。A. enjoyed享受；B. avoided避免；C. stopped停止；D. began开始。根据后文“both Jasper and I relaxed”可知，前文提到“吊床晃动”，后文“放松下来”的前提是晃动停止，故选C。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我躺在那里，抱着书、陪着猫，在微风中轻轻摇晃，我意识到吊床很像生活。A. reminded提醒；B. wrote写；C. stressed强调；D. realised意识到。根据下文“that hammocks are much like life”可知，下文的内容是作者在吊床上放松时领悟到的道理，故选D。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们教你保持平衡，放松，放手，真正享受自己。A. combine结合；B. keep保持；C. deliver递送；D. destroy破坏。根据上文“They teach you to”和下文“balance”可知，吊床教会人保持平衡，故选B。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当意外的事情动摇你的世界时，你需要迅速行动以保持平衡。A. accidental意外的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. positive积极的；D. secret秘密的。根据上文“My cat Jasper joined me, and his sudden 　7　 caused the hammock to sway (摇晃)”和下文“rocks your world, you need to 　13　　 quickly to stay balanced.”可知，猫跳上吊床是“意外事件”，作者以此类比生活中“突发情况”，故选A。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. click点击；B. act行动；C. run跑；D. replace代替。根据下文“quickly to stay balanced”可知，面对意外需要迅速行动，故选B。 14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，尽管日常生活很忙碌，我每天都会留出时间在吊床上放松，过着更平衡、更愉快的生活。A. think about考虑；B. wait for等待；C. call for要求；D. set aside留出。根据上文“Now, despite the busyness of daily life”和下文“time each day to relax in my hammock”可知，作者从忙碌中抽出时间放松，故选D。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. admiring钦佩；B. introducing介绍；C. living生活；D. measuring测量。根据下文“a more balanced and enjoyable life”可知，作者通过吊床放松，过着更平衡的生活，故选C。 六、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese farmers observed a special festival on Sept 23, 2023. 1 (know) as the Chinese Farmer’s Harvest Festival, this event happens every year on the autumn equinox (秋分). It’s a time 2 (honor) the hard work of farmers and celebrate their achievements. It also highlights the important role that farmers 3 (play) in the past three decades. As 4 country with a large population, China considers solving the food security issue as a top priority (头等大事). Over the last decade, the country’s grain production has consistently (持续地) increased, 5 (enable) China to provide help for other countries and regions. On the global scale, China has put more effort than any other country, 6 helps developing countries to work with each other. Other countries’ 7 (recognize) of China’s agricultural development can be summarized in two points. First, they respect China’s ability to address 8 (it) own food security. Second, they treat China as their “true friends”, because China has made great contributions 9 global food security. Food insecurity is 10 (basic) caused by imbalanced development worldwide. On this matter, actions speak louder than words. 【答案】1．Known 2．to honor 3．have played 4．a 5．enabling 6．which 7．recognition 8．its 9．to 10．basically 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章概述了中国农民在2023年庆祝丰收节的盛况，强调了农民的重要性和中国粮食安全的全球意义，同时指出了全球发展不平衡导致的食品安全问题。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：被称为中国农民丰收节的这个节日，每年在秋分时节举行。分析句子可知，此空需用非谓语动词，且know与逻辑主语this event之间是被动关系，意为“被称为……”，且此空位于句首，首字母应大写，所以应填过去分词Known。故填Known。 2．考查不定式。句意：这是向农民的辛勤劳动致敬和庆祝他们成就的时刻。根据句意可知，此处应用不定式to do作后置定语，表示目的，即“为了……”。故填to honor。 3．考查定语从句的时态。句意：这也凸显了农民在过去三十年中扮演的重要角色。分析句子可知，此处为that引导的定语从句，根据句中时间状语“in the past three decades”可知，空处作为从句谓语，应用现在完成时，因主语为farmers，是复数，故应填have played。故填have played。 4．考查冠词。句意：作为一个人口大国，中国把解决粮食安全问题作为首要任务。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指“一个人口大国”，且country为可数名词单数形式，且为辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 5．考查现在分词。句意：在过去的十年里，中国的粮食生产持续增长，使中国能够为其他国家和地区提供帮助。分析句子可知，空处应为非谓语形式，因enable与逻辑主语“the country’s grain production”为主动关系，故此处应用现在分词enabling，意为“使能够”。故填enabling。 6．考查定语从句。句意：在全球范围内，中国比其他任何国家付出更多的努力，这有助于发展中国家相互合作。分析句子可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的整个句子“On the global scale, China has put more effort than any other country”，在从句中充当主语，所以应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 7．考查名词。句意：其他国家对中国农业发展的认可可以概括为两点。分析句子可知，空处为该句主语，故应为所给词的名词形式；recognition为不可数名词，意为“认可”，故填recognition。 8．考查代词。句意：首先，他们尊重中国解决自己粮食安全问题的能力。“形容词性物主代词+own+名词”意为“自己的……”；根据所给词it，故应为其形容词性物主代词形式its。故填its。 9．考查介词。句意：其次，他们视中国为“真朋友”，因为中国为全球粮食安全做出了巨大贡献。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语“make contributions to...”,意为“对……做出贡献”，介词to表动作指向，意为“向……，对……”。故填to。 10．考查副词。句意：粮食不安全基本上是由全球发展不平衡造成的。根据句意可知，此处应用副词basically修饰动词caused，表示“基本上”。故填basically。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $