必修3 4 UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION（课件PPT）-【金版新学案】2026年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（人教版）

高三一轮复习讲义 人教版 UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION 必修　第三册 03 随堂层级式夯基提能 02 课堂学案式要点突破 课前自主式语基落实 01 内容索引 04 单元测评 课前自主式语基落实 返回 核心词汇——写其形 1．_____ n.　　　　　　 跳跃；剧增；剧变 vi.& vt.(leapt/leaped，leapt/leaped) 跳过；跃过 2．_______ n. 肌肉；实力；影响力 3．______ vi. 浮动；漂流；漂浮 vt. 使浮动；使漂流 4．__________ adv. 否则；要不然 5．_______ prep. 在更远处；超出 6．_____ adj. 热衷的；渴望的 leap muscle float otherwise beyond keen 7．________ adj. 肤浅的；浅的 8．________ n. 模式；图案；模范 9．________ n. 监视器；监测仪 vt. 监视；监测；监控 10．_______ vt.& vi. 标志着；标明；发信号 n. 信号；标志 shallow pattern monitor signal 11．Third，reusable garbage should be ________ (回收利用)as much as possible. 12．Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive _________(资源) and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) 13．In addition，take an active part in the voluntary activities __________ (发起)by the ocean organizations. (2022·全国甲卷书面表达) 14．As we all know，Yang Liwei and Wang Yaping are famous __________ (航天员)in China. 15．Yuan Longping made such a great contribution to _________ (人类)that he was respected and admired by people all over the world. recycled resources launched astronauts mankind 拓展词汇——通其变 记全记牢 1．_______ adj.精神的；思想的 →________ adv.精神上；心理上 2．___________ adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的 →____________ n．聪明；智慧 3．________ n．宇宙；天地万物 →_________ adj.全世界的；普遍的 →___________ adv.普遍地 mental mentally　 intelligent intelligence　 universe universal universally 4．______ n．地球；世界；地球仪 →_______ adj.全球的；全面的 →________ adv.全局地；全球地 5．_______ adj.定期的；经常的；正常的 →(反)_________ adj.不规则的；不规律的 →_________ adv.经常；定期地 6．_____ vt.缺乏；没有 n ．缺乏；短缺 →________ adj.缺乏的；不足的 globe global globally　 regular irregular regularly lack lacking 7．________ n．神秘事物；谜 →mysterious adj.神秘的 8．_______ n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望 →_________ adj.值得做的 9．________ n．(pl.analyses)(对事物的)分析；分析结果 →__________ v．分析 mystery　 desire desirable　 analysis analyz(s)e 用准用活 10．When asked whether he was __________ to be an astronaut，the boy just looked at me with _____________．(determine) 11．Though he was ____________ at the result of the examination，he tried to hide his ______________ in order not to discourage his son.(disappoint) 12．An ________ about whether people should carry on with space exploration took place at the conference and some people _______ that we should stop wasting time and money on it.(argue) determined determination disappointed disappointment argument argued 13．Many parents ______ great importance to getting a good education at this school ________ to Peking University.(attach) 14．A person's life is _______ but knowledge is _________．(limit) 15．Since the country became ___________ in 1842，it has played an important role _____________．(independent) attach attached limited limitless independent independently 重点短语——学其用 先写对 1．________　　　　　 继续做，坚持干 2．________ 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上 3．_____________________ 抱着……的希望 4．_______________ 为了；以便 5．_________ 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白 6．________ 导致；造成 7．__________ 所以；结果(是) 8．_____________ 提供生活所需 9．__________ 最后 10．_______ 用完；耗尽 carry on on board in the hope of doing sth so as to (do sth) figure out result in as a result provide for sb in closing run out 再用准 选用上页短语填空 1．All passengers ________ are expected to fasten the seat belts when the plane takes off and lands. 2．Some people down below started throwing stones ______________ frightening the bear away.(动作描写) 3．There had been a terrible accident on the highway and __________，there was a long line of traffic for at least six miles. 4．________，exploring space provides the world with many different benefits. 5．In the future，care for the environment will become very important as the Earth's natural resources are ___________． on board in the hope of as a result　 In closing　 running out 1．形容词后缀-less荟萃 ①limit→limitless　　 无限的 ②aim→aimless 无目标的 ③use→useless 没用处的 ④care→careless 粗心的 ⑤end→endless 无止境的 ⑥count→countless 数不清的 拓展联想 2．“反义词”对比记忆 ①sharp→dull ②clean→dirty ③tough→easy ④shallow→deep ⑤wide→narrow ⑥positive→negative 拓展联想 3．聚焦“动词＋out”短语 ①run out　 用完；耗尽(不及物) ②break out 突然爆发 ③cut out 切断；删去；停止 ④give out 耗尽(不及物) ⑤die out 灭绝；消失 ⑥look out 小心 拓展联想 重点句式——背其式 句式背诵 句式仿写 句型1：be＋形容词/名词＋to do sth Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal to achieve. 把人送到其他星球甚至太阳系以外不是一个容易达到的目标。 1．我真诚地邀请你和我们一起过春节。你会发现这里的人很友好，他们很容易相处。 I sincerely invite you to spend Spring Festival with us.You'll find people here friendly and _____________________ _________． they are easy to get along /on with 句式背诵 句式仿写 句型2：状语从句的省略 While sleeping，they must attach themselves to something so as to prevent floating around.睡觉的时候，他们必须把自己固定在某物上，以防止四处飘荡。 2．在准备比赛时，你需要对中国故事有很多了解。 ______________________________，you need to have much knowledge about Chinese stories. When preparing for the competition 句式背诵 句式仿写 句型3：the＋序数词＋名词＋动词不定式 Afterwards，the USSR focused on sending people into space，and on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space. 后来，苏联集中力量把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。 3．他是第一个实现全球航行梦想的中国人，也是第一个穿过英吉利海峡和大西洋的中国人。(2023·全国甲卷书面表达) He is ___________________________ _________ sailing around the world，as well as _______________________ the English Channel and the Atlantic Ocean. 返回 the first Chinese to realize the dream of the first Chinese to cross 课堂学案式要点突破 返回 核心单词　重难突破——系统掌握 归纳提升一遍过 disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的(disappoint vt.使失望disappointing adj.令人失望的disappointment n．失望；沮丧) 1 归纳 (1)be disappointed at/with/by...　　 对……失望 be disappointed to do sth 对做某事失望 be disappointed that... 对……失望 (2)to one's disappointment 令某人失望的是　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①They failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt，which made them ____________ (disappoint). ②Overcome with bitter ______________(disappoint) at his failing to win a prize，he locked himself in the room.(读后续写之心理描写) ③我对我父母收养了一个无家可归的男孩感到失望，好像他偷走了我父母的爱。 意识到我对于他的到来很沮丧，他竭尽全力帮助我、照顾我，我的沮丧逐渐转换成我对他的感激。(读后续写之失望心理描写) ___________________________ my parents had adopted a homeless boy and it seemed as if he had stolen my parents' love.Sensing that I _________________ his arrival，he did whatever he could to help me and care for me and _____________________________________ my gratitude to him. disappointed　 disappointment What disappointed me was that was disappointed at my disappointment gradually gave way to desire n．渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望 2 归纳 (1)have a desire to do sth　　　　　渴望做某事 have a desire for sth 渴望得到某物 (2)desire to do sth 渴望做某事 desire sb to do sth 渴望某人做某事 desire that...(should)do... 渴望……　　 练透——单句语法填空/一句多译 ①As I had a strong desire _________ (learn)a new skill，I turned to my mother for help，with whose help I began to learn how to cook during the summer vacation. (2023·全国乙卷书面表达) ②When I applied to graduate school，I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my ________ (desire)research direction.(2023·北京卷) ③如果你渴望(用英语)无障碍地与外国人交流，我呼吁你立即加入我们的英语口语俱乐部。 (2022·天津3月卷书面表达) →If you ________________________________________，I appeal to you to join our Spoken English Club right away. →If you _________________________________________________，I appeal to you to join our Spoken English Club right away. to learn　 desired　 desire to communicate with foreigners freely desire that you (should)communicate with foreigners freely lack n．缺乏；短缺 vt.没有；缺乏(lacking adj.不足的；缺乏的) 3 归纳 (1)(a)lack of　　　　 缺少…… for/through lack of 因缺少…… (2)be lacking in 在……方面缺乏　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①Though _______ (lack)cooking experience，the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice. ②尽管经历了许多困难，包括极端的天气条件和缺乏食物和水，他还是到达了目的地。 (2023·全国甲卷书面表达) He reached the destination despite many hardships，including extreme weather conditions and _______________________． lacking　 a lack of food and water ③由于缺乏自信和经验，简完全不知道该如何应对这可怕的情况。(读后续写之情感描写) →_________________________________________，Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(介词短语) →________________________________，Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(分词作状语) For/Through lack of confidence and experience Lacking confidence and experience argue vi.&vt.(argued，argued，arguing) 论证；争论；争辩；说理；争吵 (argument n．争论；争吵；论点) 4 归纳 argue with sb about/over sth　　　 因某事与某人争吵/争论 argue for/against (doing)sth 据理赞成/反对(做)某事 argue that... 主张……，认为…… argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It is beyond _________ (argue)that the Great Wall is the symbol of China.(推荐信) ②渴望掌握一些基本的生活技能，我说服了母亲在五一节期间教我做饭。 (2023·全国乙卷书面表达) Eager to master some basic living skills，I _____________________________ how to cook during the May Day holiday. argument　 argued my mother into teaching me ③根据上面的表格，65%的学生赞成听英语歌曲而18%的学生主张他们可以通过读英语名著来提高他们的英语水平。 (2022·全国乙卷书面表达) Based on the above chart，65% of the students __________________________ while 18% of the students ___________________________________________ by reading English classics. argue for enjoying English songs argue that they can have their English level improved attach vt.系；绑；贴(attached adj.附属于；依恋的；爱慕的 attachment n．附件；附属品；依恋) 5 归纳 (1)attach...to... 把……固定/附在……上 attach great importance/significance to sth 认为……有重要性/意义 (2)be attached to 附属于；依恋　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①One day，when I opened my book，I found a beautiful card _________ (attach)to the first page，giving me best wishes. ②To be honest，a lot of people attach great importance to _________ (become) rich and famous. ③现在是时候重视我们的生态系统的平衡了。让我们马上采取行动吧！(倡议书) It's high time that _________________________________________________ our ecosystem. Let's take action right now! attached becoming　 we attached/should attach great importance to the balance of 短语句式　学以致用——精讲精练 应用提升全通关 result in 导致；造成 1 归纳 (1)result from　　 由……造成；因……而产生 (2)as a result 所以；结果(是) as a result of 由于……的结果 without result 没有结果；白费　　 练透——完成句子 ①由于缺乏社交而产生的误解，如果处理不当，可能会导致严重的问题。 Misunderstandings _______________________________________，if not handled properly，may _______________________． ②这次活动不仅将提供一个了解中国文化的机会，而且将增进相互理解和友谊。 (2023·天津6月卷书面表达) Not only will the activity provide an opportunity to learn about the Chinese culture but also it ___________________________________________． resulting from lack of social communication result in serious problems　 will result in mutual understanding and friendship run out用完；耗尽 2 归纳 run out of　 用光，用完(人作主语，有被动语态) run across 偶然遇到 run after 追逐；追求 run into 撞上；遇上，偶然遇到；碰上(困境、麻烦等)　　 练透——用run的相关短语填空/完成句子 ①Our energy was ___________ but when we heard the call of my uncle，a radiant smile lit up our faces. ②The moment we _______________ a cute wild rabbit，we rode our horses and _________ it without hesitation. ③大卫快要筋疲力尽了，但当他听到其他孩子的欢呼声时，他浑身是汗，蹒跚地朝终点线走去。 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) David ___________________________ but when he heard loud cheers from the other kids，he was struggling his way towards the finish line，bathed in sweat. running out　 ran across/into ran after　 was running out of his energy 句型公式：the＋序数词＋名词＋to do sth 教材原句：Afterwards，the USSR focused on sending people into space，and on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space. 后来，苏联集中力量把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。 3 归纳 (1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、 the next、the only、the right、the last等修饰时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。 (2)动词不定式作定语常用来修饰ability，chance，opportunity，need，way，wish，effort，right，ambition，patience，anxiety，attempt等名词。 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①As far as I know，Amy was the only person __________ (witness)the car accident. ②就我个人而言，我认为我是做这个工作的最佳人选。 As far as I'm concerned，I think I ________________________________． ③说到历史上我最崇拜的人，我第一个想到的人是孔子。 (2023·全国甲卷书面表达) When it comes to the person I admire most in history，____________________ ____________ is Confucius. to witness am the best person to take up the job the first person to come to my mind 要点练通　拾疑补漏——实战演练 素能提升零失误 launch vt.& n．发射；发起；上市 1 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The boss headed to the bar，signalling to the girl that she could take part in the project _________ (launch)by the company. ②政府发起了一项活动，以提高人们对我们传统文化的关注意识。 The government _____________________________________________ paying attention to our traditional cultures. launched launched an activity to raise people's awareness of carry on　继续做，坚持干 2 练透—— 完成句子 爷爷双腿颤抖着站了起来，继续沿路慢慢走着。 Grandfather rose to his feet on shaky legs，_____________________________ _________． carrying on walking slowly down the road signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号；示意 n.信号；标志；(尤指铁路和公路上的)指示灯，信号灯 3 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I ran up to the car，took him by the arm and _________ (signal)him to follow me.(读后续写之动作描写) ②司机抱起受伤的男孩，把他放进车里，匆忙把他送到医院，忽视了一路上的交通信号灯。 (读后续写之动作链描写) The driver lifted up the injured boy，placed him in the car and rushed him to the hospital，_________________________________． signalled　 ignoring the traffic signals all the way as a result 所以；结果(是) 4 练透——完成句子 因此，他们空腹行走比进食后行走燃烧的脂肪更多。 ___________，they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. As a result 句型公式：It takes sb some time to do sth“做某事花费某人多长时间” 5 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It took him a long time __________ (acquire)the skills he needed to become a good dancer. ②然而，我花了好几天的时间来适应这个山村的生活。 However，________________________________ the life of the mountainous village. to acquire　 it took me several days to adjust to 句型公式：动词-ing形式作主语 教材原句：Firstly，exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger. 首先，太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用。 6 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①If your supermarket sells loose produce，then ________(buy)smaller quantities is easier. (2024·浙江1月卷) ②在森林中迷路使我的心提到了嗓子眼儿，但是我知道感到害怕是没用的，找到走出森林的路才是我现在必须做的事情。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写) ____________________ made my heart in my mouth.But I knew that it was no use feeling frightened and ___________________________ was what I must do right now. 返回 buying Being lost in the forest finding my way out of the forest 随堂层级式夯基提能 返回 层级一　过基础——教材核心知识精准练 维度一　单句语法填空 1．I felt blessed to have met such a warm-hearted man.After that，we became good friends and kept in touch with each other _________ (regular). (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写) 2．The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month，__________ (signal)the end of the Spring Festival celebrations. 3．Although feeling ____________ (disappoint)and frustrated，in a district far from home，the teenager settled down and managed to live _____________ (independent). 4．Despite their _______ (limit)time，they finally managed to reach an agreement after a series of _________ (argue). regularly　 signalling　 disappointed independently　 limited arguments　 5．The player selected from the city ____________ (leap)in the air and waved excitedly to the fans as he got ____________ (sufficient)prepared for the game. 6．We didn't know you were in trouble at that time，otherwise we _______________ (give) you a hand. 7．The new model will be ________ (launch) in July. 8．Through the activity，what I felt is that we are able to shoulder the responsibility and make us stronger and _______________ (determine). 9．The young man had a strong desire _______ (earn)a living by himself soon after he graduated. 10．The hotel has special ________ (facility) for welcoming disabled people. leaped/leapt sufficiently　 would have given launched　 more determined　 to earn　 facilities 维度二　熟词生义、一词多义和合成词汇 (一)熟词生义——活用词性得新义 ①Government monitors will continue to accompany reporters. _________ ②“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house，” says Kathryn Whitehead. _____________________________ ③She was displeased with absolutely everything，nothing was right and I was rather surprised that she became a “regular”． _______ n.监督员 vt.提出，提请考虑(想法或计划)　 n.常客 (二)一词多义——熟义新义无关联 1．launch A．vt.发射　B．vt.(首次)上市，发行　 C．vt.发动，发起(尤指有组织的活动)　D．n.(产品的)上市 ①It is confirmed that China will launch more spacecrafts to the moon in the following year. ___ ②The police have launched an investigation into the case，which has resulted in great concerns nationwide. ___ ③The Idler was launched by Tom Hokinson，back in 1993...(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) ___ ④After the launch of the products，they have won good praises from customers for their convenient and high-efficient superior properties. ___ A C B D 2．current A．adj.现在的；当前的　B．adj.流通的　C．n.水流　D．n.潮流 ①Fighting against the strong currents and cold wind，she screamed for help at the top of her lungs every three minutes or so. ___ ②As we all know，the current money in China is Renminbi. ___ ③We should try our best to go with the current of the times. ___ ④Current thinking holds that obesity is more a medical than a psychological problem. ___ C B D A (三)合成词汇——巧借词义推新义 1．When I'm on the road I'm just in my own world.I've always been independent-spirited and I just feel strongly that I must help animals. (2022·浙江1月卷) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2．The Chinese coach transformed Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world，helping her skyrocket from an average member of the national team to the top of the sport.(2023·全国乙卷) _________________________________________________________ 精神独立的　independent 独立的＋spirited 有某种精神的→independent-spirited adj.精神独立的 急升；猛升　sky 天空＋ rocket火箭→skyrocket v．急升；猛升 层级二　过能力——满分写作技能提升练 Part 1．应用文教考衔接提分练—帖文(宇宙探索) 3段式：提出话题→说明观点、理由→总结 　　最近，有网友在某英文论坛上发帖，征集网友们对“是否愿意在空间站体验一个月生活”的意见。请你用英语回帖，表明你的观点并说明理由。 第一步　斟酌词句　靓化表达(加黑体部分请用本单元所复习的词汇和句式) 1．我渴望在空间站上生活一个月，原因如下。 ___________________________________________ for the following reasons. 2．我一直对宇宙好奇。在环绕地球运行时，我可以观察太空迷人的风景，体验漂浮在太空的感觉。(省略句) I've always __________________________．____________________，I can observe the charming scenery of space and ______________________________ _________． I desire to live on a space station for one month been curious about the universe While orbiting the earth experience the feeling of floating in space 3．我将试图弄清太空的一些奥秘，为人类探索太空做出贡献。 I'll try to _______________________________ so as to contribute to human exploration of space. 4．在太空中独立生活一个月肯定会对我的人生有很大的影响。 ___________________________________________________________________________________ 5．无可争辩在空间站生活是值得的。 _________________________________________________________ figure out some mysteries of space Living in space independently for a month will definitely make a great difference to my life. It is beyond argument that living on the space station is worth it. 第二步　恰当过渡　完美成文(请利用恰当的过渡衔接词汇，如first of all，in closing，moreover，last but not least等) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I desire to live on a space station for one month for the following reasons. First of all，I've always been curious about the universe.While orbiting the earth，I can observe the charming scenery of space and experience the feeling of floating in space.Moreover，I'll try to figure out some mysteries of space so as to contribute to human exploration of space.Last but not least，living in space independently for a month will definitely make a great difference to my life. In closing，it is beyond argument that living on the space station is worth it. Part 2．续写教考衔接提能练 教材语料整合 亮 词 [情感描写]　determined adj.→ determine v．；disappointed adj.→ disappoint v．→disappointment n．→disappointing adj.；desire v．& n．→desirable adj.；in the hope of；keen；shallow [动作描写]　launch；leap；carry on；signal；figure out；argue；result in；monitor；provide for；run out；so as to 美 句 1．People have always looked up at the stars and wondered about space.(动作描写) 2．However，scientists were determined to realise that dream.(情感描写) 3．However，while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment，the desire to explore the universe did not die.(情感描写＋无灵主语) 4．Despite the difficulties，scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future. (主旨升华) 5．As a result，space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth's increasing population.(拟人修辞) 拓展语料积累　[情感细节描写：震惊、惊讶(一)] 单 词 ①shocked adj.震惊的　　　　　　　 ②stun vt.使震惊→stunned adj.目瞪口呆的 ③amazement n．惊愕；惊诧→amazed adj.惊诧的→amazing adj.令人惊诧的 ④astonish vt.使吃惊→astonishment n．惊讶→astonishing adj.令人惊讶的→astonished adj.感到惊讶的 词 块 ①be numb with surprise/shock　 惊呆 ②wear a look of surprise on one's face 面带惊讶的表情 ③to one's shock/surprise/amazement/astonishment 令人惊讶的是 ④a look of surprise spread over/flash across one's face 脸上闪过惊讶的表情 ⑤too surprised to utter a word/be speechless with shock 惊讶得说不出话来 句 型 1．So stunned was she that she could hardly say any word.(倒装结构)她惊愕得说不出话来。 2．They stopped in their tracks，raised their heads and stared at him in amazement. 他们停下脚步，抬起头，惊讶地注视着他。 3．A look of surprise spread over the face of my companion as he listened to my story.(无灵主语句) 我的同伴听了我的故事，脸上露出惊讶的表情。 4．At the news of his death，I was so shocked that I went numb.听到他去世的消息，我太过震惊，呆若木鸡。 5．Rose froze with shock，as if rooted on the ground.(比喻句)罗斯惊呆了，好像扎根在地上一样。 6．I stared at him in shock and a faint sound of surprise escaped my throat. 我惊愕地盯着他，喉咙里发出微弱的惊愕声。 续写语料运用　[用表“震惊、惊讶”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵] 微场景：“龙卷风灾害后”主题下的“震惊、惊讶” 　　①_______________________a tornado occurred in a small town nearby. At the bad news, Mary ②____________ ____________________________．Then, Mary shared the news with her children, and asked if they would like to share what they had with the less fortunate.③_________________ ______________________ all the children were willing to donate something. When Anne placed her favourite toy in the box, ④_________________________________________． He stared at her with wide eyes.Without a word, he went back to his room and ran back with his favourite toy to the living room.　⑤____________________________，Mary realised that he had also recognised what her action meant. 　　令众人震惊的是，附近的一个小镇发生了龙卷风。听闻此噩讯，玛丽惊得呆若木鸡，动弹不得。接着，玛丽将此消息告知她的孩子们，问他们是否愿意和那些不幸的人分享他们所拥有的东西。令她大为惊讶的是，所有孩子都甘愿捐赠一些物品。当安妮把她心爱的玩具放进盒子时，她哥哥脸上闪过一丝讶异。他瞪大双眼盯着她。未发一言，他返回房间，拿着自己心爱的玩具跑回客厅。玛丽感到惊愕，她意识到他也明白了自己此举的深意。 Much to people's shock froze with shock, as if rooted to the ground She was amazed/ surprised/astonished that a spark of surprise flashed across her brother's face Astonished/Surprised/Amazed 返回 单元测评 返回 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共30分) A (2024·武昌区高三年级5月质量检测) At the end of 2019，I learned that HereAfter AI，whose goal is to let the living communicate with the dead，was looking for applicants of its new AI project. Interested in what it was promising，I applied to experiment the software on my very-much-alive parents. At first，I thought it would be just a fun project to see what was technologically possible. Then their health condition added some urgency to the experiment. I was frightened that my parents might die since my father had been diagnosed with cancer and my mother was recently developing symptoms of early Alzheimer's disease，and that with the distance between us，I might never have the chance to say goodbye. The first step was an interview.My parents were asked questions by a technician for hours—about everything from their earliest memories to what they believe will happen after they die.Whether through illness-generated concerns or a willingness to humor their daughter，my parents put up zero resistance. The company then took their responses and started to create the voice assistants. A few months later，my virtual parents arrived via email attachment. When I communicated with them through the app on my phone，my hands were shaking.I hadn't seen my actual，real parents for six months.They told me personal stories I'd never heard.They gave me life advice and told me things about their childhoods，as well as my own.It was mesmerizing． Personally，I have mixed feelings about my experiment.I'm glad to have my virtual parents.They've enabled me to learn new things about my parents，and it's comforting to think that those bots will be there even when my parents aren't.On the other hand，I can't help but find it sad that it took a stranger interviewing my parents for me to properly appreciate the complex people they are.But I feel lucky to have had the chance to grasp that—and to still have the precious opportunity to spend more time with them and learn more about them，face to face，no technology involved. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参与HereAfter AI项目，通过AI技术与虚拟的父母进行交流的经历和感受。 1．Why did the author initially join the AI project? A．To preserve her parents' voice. B．To test out the new technology. C．To learn more about her parents' life. D．To remove the worry about her parents' health. 细节理解题。根据第二段“At first，I thought it would be just a fun project to see what was technologically possible.” 可知，作者最初加入这个项目是测试新技术可能是什么样子。故选B。 √ 2．What can we learn about the author's parents? A．They liked talking a lot. B．They died from the illnesses. C．They provided data for the project. D．They opposed joining the project at first. 细节理解题。根据第三段“My parents were asked questions...to create the voice assistants.” 可知，作者的父母为项目提供了数据。故选C。 √ 3．What does the underlined word “mesmerizing” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Fascinating. B．Alarming. C．Inspiring. D．Entertaining. 词义猜测题。根据第四段“I hadn't seen my actual，real parents for six months.They told me personal stories I'd never heard.They gave me life advice and told me things about their childhoods，as well as my own.”可知，作者的父母向她讲述了以前自己从没听过的个人故事，这真是令人着迷。所以画线词意为“令人着迷的”，与fascinating意思相近。故选A。 √ 4．What does the author realize at last? A．AI means never saying goodbye to our parents. B．The real connection with our parents matters most. C．The advances in AI technology have pros and cons. D．AI allows us to learn more about our virtual parents. 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，作者在最后一段意识到了与父母的真正联系是最重要的。故选B。 √ B (2025·贵阳市高三年级质量监测) The United Arab Emirates is a small country with big ambitions.Possibly，nowhere is clearer than in its space program，which has already sent two astronauts to space and has a satellite probing (探查) the atmosphere around Mars. The country，over 50 years old，marked a milestone on Monday after Emirati astronaut Sultan Al Neyadi returned to Earth in a SpaceX capsule following six months aboard the International Space Station.It was the longest space mission conducted by an Arab astronaut.Al Neyadi also became the first person from the Middle East to conduct a spacewalk outside the ISS. Al Neyadi，42，was part of a four-person NASA Crew-6 mission that was launched in March and returned to Earth after 186 days in space.Al Neyadi's time aboard the ISS highlights the country's regional edge in space exploration. “For me，it was a dream that had come true.It was really amazing，especially for my region，”Al Neyadi said in a video conference a few days before leaving the ISS.“I felt that I'm responsible for showing what's happening aboard the station.I think it's a boost towards spreading the enthusiasm in our region.” The father of six and long-time military engineer has been praised as a national hero in the UAE since his return to Earth. The UAE's president，Sheikh Mohammedbin Zayed al-Nahyan，referred to Al Neyadi as “my son” in a post congratulating him on his achievement.He said，“Al Neyadi's journey shows we are capable of contributing positively to humanity's scientific and civilized march.” Al Neyadi，a Ph.D.holder in information technology，beat out thousands of candidates in the UAE，passing numerous physical and psychological tests to ensure he could stand the physical and mental stress of being in space for many months.He then trained in Russia and the US to become an astronaut. In one of his final social media posts from space，Al Neyadi wrote，“Space，this is not a goodbye.I will see you later，whether on a new mission to the ISS or a farther destination.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了阿联酋的宇航员Sultan Al Neyadi在国际空间站工作六个月后，于周一乘坐SpaceX的太空舱返回地球，该宇航员是第一个在国际空间站外进行太空行走的中东人。 5．What did Al Neyadi say about his space exploration? A．It makes him responsible. B．It is inspiring in his region. C．It marks a milestone in spacewalks. D．It is an unrealistic space mission. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“I felt that I'm responsible for showing what's happening aboard the station.I think it's a boost towards spreading the enthusiasm in our region.”可知，Al Neyadi觉得自己有责任展示空间站上发生的一切，他认为这有助于在他们地区传播热情。由此可知，他认为他的太空之旅在他们地区是鼓舞人心的，故选B。 √ 6．Why did the UAE's president call Al Neyadi his son? A．To express his humor. B．To maintain their relationship. C．To show his pride in Al Neyadi. D．To thank Al Neyadi's family. 推理判断题。根据第五段的描述可知，Al Neyadi自返回地球后，被誉为阿联酋的民族英雄。第六段中阿联酋总统说Al Neyadi的旅程表明他们有能力为人类的科学文明进程作出积极贡献。由此可推知，阿联酋总统称Al Neyadi为儿子是为了表明他为Al Neyadi感到骄傲，故选C。 √ 7．What is Paragraph 7 mainly about? A．How Al Neyadi struggled for his dream. B．Why Al Neyadi dreamt to be an astronaut. C．Why Al Neyadi became popular worldwide. D．How Al Neyadi obtained his academic degrees. 段落大意题。第七段谈到Al Neyadi是信息技术专业的博士，他在阿联酋击败了数千名候选人，通过了无数的身体和心理测试，以确保他能够承受在太空中数月的身体和精神压力。然后，他为了成为一名宇航员在俄罗斯和美国接受培训。由此可知，本段主要描述了Al Neyadi为实现他的太空梦所付出的努力，故选A项。 √ 8．What does Al Neyadi plan to do in the future? A．Say goodbye to space. B．Become an Internet influencer. C．Work on building a new ISS. D．Continue his space exploration. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Space，this is not a goodbye.I will see you later，whether on a new mission to the ISS or a farther destination.”可知，Al Neyadi未来会继续进行太空探索，故选D项。 √ C (2025·武汉市部分学校高三上学期9月调研) You have probably heard of the Fermi Paradox (费米悖论).Given the high probability that alien (外星人) life exists out there in the universe，why has nobody got in touch yet? Answers to the paradox range from the optimistic to the downright frightening. It could be that we simply haven't sent out our own traceable signatures for aliens to find us yet.Or it could be that no aliens will ever make it to the point where they are able to make contact with other species. In Three-Body Problem，Liu Cixin's science fiction，he describes the universe as a dark forest，where each alien society is like a fearful，armed hunter cautiously moving forth.If that hunter finds other life，he is left with the safest course of action：to wipe out any other life forms before they can do the same to him. Being fearful contributes to humans' development.Our caution may save our lives when facing a genuine threat.“Take the initiative in the competition，and you may sleep more securely while getting extra resources，” says Seth Shostak，a senior astronomer. Thankfully，the Dark Forest has lots of issues that are difficult to resolve—the most obvious being that it's extremely difficult to hide a technologically advanced world.“We've never given the slightest thought to turning off all the radars (雷达) and going completely silent because it might be dangerous，”says Shostak. The forest theory also falls apart when you consider the true nature of the universe. “The distances between planets are likely to be so vast that the idea that they would feel the need to attack one another seems odd.Even if they fear each other，the expanse means that they wouldn't likely need to compete for the near-limitless resources，”says Shostak. That doesn't necessarily mean that the Dark Forest theory is a non-starter. Addressing the holes in the theory requires adding up the terror factor.Suppose that a technological civilization is going from star to star destroying any sign of life whenever planets with life or technology are found.We don't see them because they're not there.That's the really scary thing. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了费米悖论的答案差异很大，对于外星人的探索，我们的谨慎可能会挽救我们的生命。 9．What do we know about the Fermi Paradox? A．It denies aliens' existence. B．It is studied thoroughly. C．Its answers vary considerably. D．Its answers are similar. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Answers to the paradox range from the optimistic to the downright frightening.”可知，费米悖论答案差别很大。故选C。 √ 10．What can be inferred from Shostak's words in Paragraph 4? A．Fear is deadly. B．Attacks are risky. C．Fear dominates humans' development. D．Attacks have survival value. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Being fearful contributes to...a senior astronomer.”可推知，攻击具有生存价值。故选D。 √ 11．Which factor challenges the Dark Forest theory according to Shostak? A．Aliens may not understand human culture. B．The vastness of space makes conflicts less likely. C．Advanced civilizations tend to compete for survival. D．Competition for resources could become more serious. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“‘The distances between...the near-limitless resources，’says Shostak.”可知，Shostak认为浩瀚的太空减少了冲突的可能性，挑战了黑暗森林理论。故选B。 √ 12．Why does the author make the assumption in the last paragraph? A．To prove aliens are scary. B．To find holes in the theory. C．To add to horrible atmosphere. D．To warn us of the potential threat. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“这并不一定意味着黑暗森林理论是不可能成功的。要弥补这个理论的漏洞，就需要把恐怖因素加起来。假设一个技术文明从一个恒星到另一个恒星，只要发现有生命或技术的行星，就摧毁任何生命的迹象。我们看不到它们，因为它们不存在。这才是真正可怕的事情。”可知，作者在最后一段做出这样的假设是为了警告我们潜在的威胁。故选D。 √ Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·重庆市高三下学期二模) In 1970，Alan Ayers was participating in a skydiving team competition in Gainesville，Florida.He would be 1 out of a Cessna 172，a small four seat passenger plane.In preparation，the passenger door and front passenger seat were 2 ，but the passenger side seatbelt remained. Ayers' teammates skydived first， 3 him and the pilot as the only two people remaining in the plane.It was Ayers' 4 ．But as he stepped out into the air，his foot got 5 in the passenger side seatbelt. “I was completely out of the plane on my back， 6 at the belly (腹部) of the Cessna，with only my boot 7 to the pilot...I tried to pull myself up to reach the buckle (锁扣)，but I just couldn't，” Ayers remembered. Thousands of feet in the air，hanging from the plane，Ayers was out of 8 ． “And what happened next was 9 ，” Ayers said.“The 23-year-old pilot unbuckled her seatbelt，crouched (蹲) down in the door of the airplane，with both hands off the operating handle，and 10 my ankle.” Ayers dropped away from the plane，opened his parachute，and landed 11 ． More than 50 years later，she often came into his 12 ．“To this day，I can see her two 13 hands reaching out of the door to unbuckle the belt，” Ayers said.“I owe my 14 to this person and will always think of her as one of the 15 people imaginable.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Alan Ayers在跳伞时，脚被安全带卡住，人悬在半空，飞行员看到以后冒着危险为他解开了安全带锁扣。 1．A．falling B．jumping C．marching D．sliding 2．A．repaired B．painted C．removed D．broken 根据下文“but the passenger side seatbelt remained”可知，安全带被保留下来，此处与下文是转折关系，说明乘客门和副驾驶座位都被拆除了。 根据上文“In 1970，Alan Ayers was participating in a skydiving team competition in Gainesville，Florida.”可知，Alan Ayers要从飞机上跳下来。 √ √ 3．A．leaving B．recognizing C．choosing D．admiring 4．A．right B．luck C．chance D．turn 根据上文“Ayers' teammates skydived first”提到队友先跳下去，并结合下文“as he stepped out into the air”可知，轮到Ayers跳下去 。 根据“Ayers' teammates skydived first”和空后“him and the pilot”可知，Ayers的队友先跳伞，留下他和飞行员两个人。 √ √ 5．A．hurt B．caught C．spotted D．covered 6．A．hitting back B．looking down C．staring up D．pushing forward 根据“I was completely out of the plane on my back”可知，Ayers仰面悬挂在飞机外面，故是向上凝视着飞机的腹部。 根据空后“in the passenger side seatbelt”以及下文“I tried to pull myself up to reach the buckle (锁扣)”可知，Ayers的脚被副驾驶的安全带卡住了。 √ √ 7．A．challenging B．confusing C．fearful D．visible 8．A．sight B．trouble C．options D．doors 根据“Thousands of feet in the air，hanging from the plane”可知，Ayers在几千英尺高的空中，挂在飞机上，别无选择。 根据上文“I was completely out of the plane on my back”以及空后“to the pilot”可知，Ayers整个上半身已经在飞机外面，脚被安全带卡住，故飞行员只能看见他的靴子。 √ √ 9．A．incredible B．exciting C．accidental D．disappointing 10．A．straightened B．pushed C．dropped D．freed 根据下文“Ayers dropped away from the plane”可知，Ayers离开了飞机，故此处指使脚踝从安全带中解脱出来。 根据下文“The 23-year-old pilot unbuckled her seatbelt，crouched (蹲) down in the door of the airplane...”可知，Ayers本来处于绝望中，但飞行员不顾自身安危，解开了安全带去帮助他，令他难以置信。 √ √ 11．A．dramatically B．safely C．unconsciously D．regretfully 根据“Ayers dropped away from the plane，opened his parachute”以及下文提到多年后他的回忆可知，Ayers离开飞机，打开降落伞，应是安全着陆。 √ 12．A．possession B．mind C．position D．focus 根据下文“To this day，I can see her two __ hands reaching out of the door to unbuckle the belt”可知，此处是多年后Ayers回忆起飞行员救自己的一幕，故指出现在脑海里。 √ 13．A．young B．practiced C．dirty D．bony 14．A．fame B．victory C．life D．health 根据上文内容可知，Ayers跳下飞机时脚被安全带卡住，悬挂在飞机外，飞行员不顾自身安危，解开了安全带去帮助他，故此处指“我欠她一条命”。 根据上文“The 23-year-old pilot”可知，飞行员很年轻。 √ √ 15．A．bravest B．happiest C．kindest D．wisest 返回 √ 根据上文“The 23-year-old pilot unbuckled her seatbelt，crouched (蹲) down in the door of the airplane，with both hands off the operating handle”描述飞行员的行为可知，飞行员解开了安全带，蹲在飞机舱门里，双手离开了操作手柄，是非常勇敢的行为。 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION $