Unit 1 Period 2 B Grammar and activity（分层作业）英语沪教版2020必修第二册

Unit 1 No Limits Period 2 B Grammar and activity分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 1. 词汇拼写 1. We need to ______ (克服) many difficulties to achieve our goals. 2. The ______ (极限) of human endurance is often tested in extreme sports. 3. She has a ______ (天赋) for music and can play the piano well at a young age. 4. The scientist made a great ______ (突破) in the research on renewable energy. 5. We should ______ (挑战) ourselves to step out of the comfort zone. 6. His ______ (坚持) helped him succeed in the end after many failures. 7. The ______ (压力) of the exam made some students feel nervous. 8. She ______ (追求) her dream of becoming a doctor even when facing hardships. 9. The team showed great ______ (毅力) to finish the task ahead of schedule. 10. We need to have a ______ (积极的) attitude towards life’s challenges. 2. 单项选择 1. He ______ his fear of heights and climbed to the top of the mountain. A. overcame B. forgot C. ignored D. avoided 2. There is no ______ to what we can achieve if we work together. A. limit B. way C. problem D. doubt 3. She has a natural talent ______ painting and her works are very popular. A. in B. for C. with D. at 4. The new technology has made a significant breakthrough ______ medical treatment. A. on B. in C. at D. for 5. We should challenge ourselves ______ new skills to adapt to the changing world. A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned 6. His persistence ______ studying finally led him to get a master’s degree. A. on B. in C. at D. for 7. The pressure ______ success can sometimes make people feel anxious. A. of B. for C. with D. to 8. She has been pursuing ______ her dream of being a writer for many years. A. on B. in C. / D. at 9. With great perseverance, they managed ______ the difficult task successfully. A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finished 10. A positive attitude ______ life is very important for our mental health. A. towards B. for C. with D. on 3. 句子翻译 1. 只要我们不放弃，就没有克服不了的困难。 2. 人类的潜能是无限的，等待着我们去探索。 3. 她在语言方面有天赋，能流利地说三种语言。 4. 科学家们在癌症研究方面取得了重大突破。 5. 我们应该挑战自己，尝试做一些以前不敢做的事。 6. 他坚持练习钢琴，最终成为了一名著名的钢琴家。 7. 来自父母的期望给了他很大的压力，但也成为了他的动力。 8. 多年来，她一直追求自己的音乐梦想，从未放弃。 9. 凭借顽强的毅力，他克服了身体上的缺陷，实现了自己的目标。 10. 对生活持积极的态度有助于我们应对各种挑战。 1. 阅读理解 False medical news can lead to patients’ experiencing greater side effects through the “nocebo effect (反安慰剂效果)”. Sometimes patients benefit from an intervention simply because they believe they will- -that’s the placebo effect. The nocebo effect is the opposite: Patients can experience negative effects just because they expect them. This is very true of statins. In blinded trials, patients who get statins are no more likely to report feeling muscle aches than patients who get a placebo. Yet, in clinical practice, according to one study, almost a fifth of patients taking statins report side effects, leading many to discontinue the drugs. What else is on the fake news hit list? As always, vaccines. False concerns that the vaccine for the virus called human papilloma virus causes seizures (癫痫) and other side effects reduced coverage rates in Japan from 10 percent to less than 1 percent in recent years. Cancer is another big target for pushers of medical misinformation — many of whom are making money off alternative therapies. “Though most people think cancer tumors are bad, they’re actually the way your body attempts to contain the harmful cells,” one fake news story reads. It suggests that surgery increases the risk of spreading harmful cells. Silicon Valley needs to own this problem. When human health is at risk, perhaps search engines, social media platforms and websites should be held responsible for promoting or hosting fake information. The scientific community needs to do its part to educate the public about key concepts in research, such as the difference between observational studies and higher quality randomized trials. Finally, journalists can do a better job of spreading accurate information. News sites are more likely to cover catchy observational studies than randomized controlled trials, perhaps because the latter are less likely to produce surprising results. Such coverage can overstate benefits, claiming for example, that statins could cure cancer; it can unduly emphasize potential risks, such as suggesting a misleading connection with dementia, a serious mental disorder. 1．What does the writer imply about the side effects of statins? A．They are common in certain patients. B．They aren’t like those of placebos. C．They don’t really exist. D．They disappear very soon. 2．Which statement is the writer most likely to agree with? A．The public should put more trust in news coverage. B．Silicon Valley ought to take the blame for the fake medicine. C．The scientific community ought to involve the public in research. D．Journalists should be objective while reporting medical news. 3．The word “unduly” in the last paragraph most probably means . A．on a small scale B．overly C．as likely as not D．universally 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To warn readers against fake medical news on the Internet. B．To encourage journalists to report more positive news events. C．To tell readers what role the “nocebo effect” plays in treating disease. D．To teach readers how to distinguish truths from fake news. 2. 语法填空 City streets are littered with all kinds of refuse. On just about every street and sidewalk, one can find old newspaper, crushed cans, food wrappers, and discarded cigarettes, not to mention blobs (斑点) of old chewing gum 1 (stick) on walls, street poles, and on the ground. Of all these, gum is one of the hardest things to clean up. In its attempt 2 (clean) discarded gum off the streets and sidewalks, the authorities in London have tried everything from tools that shoot high-pressure water and steam to various kinds of chemicals 3 dissolve the gum. But nothing seems to work. The streets 4 (dot) with unattractive blobs of the stuff. Or at least they were unattractive 5 Ben Wilson came along. Ben Wilson is an artist on a mission. He wants to make good use of 6 others have thrown away and no one else wants: old chewing gum. When Mr. Wilson finds gum on the ground, down he goes with his painting supplies and sets out to create a work of art. He uses the discarded blobs of old gum 7 canvases (画布) for his mini paintings. After finishing a work, Mr. Wilson takes a picture of 8 for his archive. 9 (paint) all the gum on the streets of London could be a never-ending task for Ben Wilson. On a single street like High Street Barnet, it took him more than one month to paint all of the gum that he found in just three blocks. And new canvases are being spit out every day on streets. But he does not seem worried. As he told a reporter in one interview, “I’m just going to keep painting and see 10 the enthusiasm takes me.” 书面表达 假定你是校英文报的记者，你校于上周五举办了一场以“吟咏古风雅韵，传承诗意文道”为主题的中国古诗词吟诵比赛。请你用英语写一篇新闻报道。 内容包括： 1.活动内容； 2. 活动反响。 注释：吟咏古风雅韵，传承诗意文道：Recite ancient verses, pass on poetic artistry 注意：写作词数应为80左右。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 No Limits Period 2 B Grammar and activity分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 1. 词汇拼写 1. We need to ______ (克服) many difficulties to achieve our goals. 答案：overcome 解析：动词，“克服”，常用搭配“overcome difficulties”，符合语境“实现目标需克服困难”。 2. The ______ (极限) of human endurance is often tested in extreme sports. 答案：limit 解析：名词，“极限”，对应单元主题“no limit”，此处指“人类耐力的极限”。 3. She has a ______ (天赋) for music and can play the piano well at a young age. 答案：talent 解析：名词，“天赋”，常用搭配“have a talent for”，符合“年少时钢琴弹得好”的语境。 4. The scientist made a great ______ (突破) in the research on renewable energy. 答案：breakthrough 解析：名词，“突破”，“make a breakthrough in”为固定短语，指“在某领域取得突破”。 5. We should ______ (挑战) ourselves to step out of the comfort zone. 答案：challenge 解析：动词，“挑战”，“challenge oneself to do sth”表示“挑战自己做某事”，契合单元“突破限制”的核心。 6. His ______ (坚持) helped him succeed in the end after many failures. 答案：persistence 解析：名词，“坚持”，由形容词“persistent”变形而来，作主语体现“失败后最终成功”的原因。 7. The ______ (压力) of the exam made some students feel nervous. 答案：pressure 解析：名词，“压力”，“the pressure of”为常用搭配，符合“考试让学生紧张”的语境。 8. She ______ (追求) her dream of becoming a doctor even when facing hardships. 答案：pursues 解析：动词，“追求”，主语为第三人称单数，一般现在时用“pursues”，搭配“pursue one’s dream”。 9. The team showed great ______ (毅力) to finish the task ahead of schedule. 答案：perseverance 解析：名词，“毅力”，与“persistence”近义，强调“克服困难坚持到底”，符合“提前完成任务”的语境。 10. We need to have a ______ (积极的) attitude towards life’s challenges. 答案：positive 解析：形容词，“积极的”，修饰“attitude”，表示“对生活挑战持积极态度”。 2. 单项选择 1. He ______ his fear of heights and climbed to the top of the mountain. A. overcame B. forgot C. ignored D. avoided 答案：A 解析：考查动词词义辨析。overcome“克服”，forgot“忘记”，ignored“忽视”，avoided“避免”。结合“爬上山顶”可知是“克服恐高”，选A。 2. There is no ______ to what we can achieve if we work together. A. limit B. way C. problem D. doubt 答案：A 解析：考查名词搭配。“no limit to sth”为固定表达“某事无极限”，契合单元主题，其余选项无此搭配，选A。 3. She has a natural talent ______ painting and her works are very popular. A. in B. for C. with D. at 答案：B 解析：考查固定搭配。“have a talent for”为固定短语“有……天赋”，其余介词不与“talent”搭配，选B。 4. The new technology has made a significant breakthrough ______ medical treatment. A. on B. in C. at D. for 答案：B 解析：考查介词搭配。“make a breakthrough in”为固定短语“在……方面取得突破”，选B。 5. We should challenge ourselves ______ new skills to adapt to the changing world. A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。“challenge sb to do sth”为固定结构“挑战某人做某事”，此处用不定式作宾补，选C。 6. His persistence ______ studying finally led him to get a master’s degree. A. on B. in C. at D. for 答案：B 解析：考查介词搭配。“persistence in doing sth”表示“坚持做某事”，固定搭配，选B。 7. The pressure ______ success can sometimes make people feel anxious. A. of B. for C. with D. to 答案：B 解析：考查介词辨析。“the pressure for sth”表示“对某物/某事的压力”，“对成功的压力”用“pressure for success”，选B。 8. She has been pursuing ______ her dream of being a writer for many years. A. on B. in C. / D. at 答案：C 解析：考查动词用法。“pursue”为及物动词，直接接宾语，“pursue one’s dream”无需加介词，选C。 9. With great perseverance, they managed ______ the difficult task successfully. A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finished 答案：C 解析：考查固定搭配。“manage to do sth”为固定短语“成功做到某事”，区别于“try doing sth”（尝试做某事），选C。 10. A positive attitude ______ life is very important for our mental health. A. towards B. for C. with D. on 答案：A 解析：考查介词搭配。“attitude towards/to sth”为固定短语“对某事的态度”，选A。 3. 句子翻译 1. 只要我们不放弃，就没有克服不了的困难。 答案：As long as we don’t give up, there are no difficulties that we can’t overcome. 解析：“只要”用“as long as”引导条件状语从句；“放弃”为“give up”；“克服困难”为“overcome difficulties”，此处用定语从句增强句式。 2. 人类的潜能是无限的，等待着我们去探索。 答案：Human potential is limitless, waiting for us to explore. 解析：“潜能”为“potential”；“无限的”为“limitless”（对应单元“no limit”）；用现在分词短语“waiting for”作伴随状语。 3. 她在语言方面有天赋，能流利地说三种语言。 答案：She has a talent for languages and can speak three languages fluently. 解析：“有……天赋”用“have a talent for”；“流利地说”为“speak...fluently”，副词修饰动词。 4. 科学家们在癌症研究方面取得了重大突破。 答案：Scientists have made a major breakthrough in cancer research. 解析：“取得重大突破”为“make a major breakthrough”；“癌症研究”为“cancer research”，介词用“in”。 5. 我们应该挑战自己，尝试做一些以前不敢做的事。 答案：We should challenge ourselves and try to do something we didn’t dare to do before. 解析：“挑战自己”为“challenge ourselves”；“不敢做”为“didn’t dare to do”，“dare”此处为实义动词。 6. 他坚持练习钢琴，最终成为了一名著名的钢琴家。 答案：He persisted in practicing the piano and finally became a famous pianist. 解析：“坚持做某事”为“persist in doing sth”；“练习钢琴”为“practice the piano”；“最终”用“finally”表结果。 7. 来自父母的期望给了他很大的压力，但也成为了他的动力。 答案：The expectations from his parents gave him great pressure, but they also became his motivation. 解析：“父母的期望”为“the expectations from his parents”；“压力”为“pressure”；“动力”为“motivation”，用“but”表转折。 8. 多年来，她一直追求自己的音乐梦想，从未放弃。 答案：For many years, she has been pursuing her musical dream and never given up. 解析：“多年来”用“for many years”，搭配现在完成进行时“has been pursuing”强调持续动作；“音乐梦想”为“musical dream”。 9. 凭借顽强的毅力，他克服了身体上的缺陷，实现了自己的目标。 答案：With strong perseverance, he overcame his physical disabilities and achieved his goals. 解析：“凭借顽强的毅力”为“with strong perseverance”；“身体上的缺陷”为“physical disabilities”；“实现目标”为“achieve one’s goals”。 10. 对生活持积极的态度有助于我们应对各种挑战。 答案：Having a positive attitude towards life helps us deal with various challenges. 解析：“对生活持积极的态度”用动名词短语“having a positive attitude towards life”作主语；“应对挑战”为“deal with challenges”；“各种”为“various”。 1. 阅读理解 False medical news can lead to patients’ experiencing greater side effects through the “nocebo effect (反安慰剂效果)”. Sometimes patients benefit from an intervention simply because they believe they will- -that’s the placebo effect. The nocebo effect is the opposite: Patients can experience negative effects just because they expect them. This is very true of statins. In blinded trials, patients who get statins are no more likely to report feeling muscle aches than patients who get a placebo. Yet, in clinical practice, according to one study, almost a fifth of patients taking statins report side effects, leading many to discontinue the drugs. What else is on the fake news hit list? As always, vaccines. False concerns that the vaccine for the virus called human papilloma virus causes seizures (癫痫) and other side effects reduced coverage rates in Japan from 10 percent to less than 1 percent in recent years. Cancer is another big target for pushers of medical misinformation — many of whom are making money off alternative therapies. “Though most people think cancer tumors are bad, they’re actually the way your body attempts to contain the harmful cells,” one fake news story reads. It suggests that surgery increases the risk of spreading harmful cells. Silicon Valley needs to own this problem. When human health is at risk, perhaps search engines, social media platforms and websites should be held responsible for promoting or hosting fake information. The scientific community needs to do its part to educate the public about key concepts in research, such as the difference between observational studies and higher quality randomized trials. Finally, journalists can do a better job of spreading accurate information. News sites are more likely to cover catchy observational studies than randomized controlled trials, perhaps because the latter are less likely to produce surprising results. Such coverage can overstate benefits, claiming for example, that statins could cure cancer; it can unduly emphasize potential risks, such as suggesting a misleading connection with dementia, a serious mental disorder. 1．What does the writer imply about the side effects of statins? A．They are common in certain patients. B．They aren’t like those of placebos. C．They don’t really exist. D．They disappear very soon. 2．Which statement is the writer most likely to agree with? A．The public should put more trust in news coverage. B．Silicon Valley ought to take the blame for the fake medicine. C．The scientific community ought to involve the public in research. D．Journalists should be objective while reporting medical news. 3．The word “unduly” in the last paragraph most probably means . A．on a small scale B．overly C．as likely as not D．universally 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To warn readers against fake medical news on the Internet. B．To encourage journalists to report more positive news events. C．To tell readers what role the “nocebo effect” plays in treating disease. D．To teach readers how to distinguish truths from fake news. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述虚假的医疗新闻会通过“nocebo效应”导致患者经历更大的副作用，同时希望网络媒体和记者能够对此关注，要更好地传播准确的信息。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Yet, in clinical practice, according to one study, almost a fifth of patients taking statins report side effects, leading many to discontinue the drugs. (然而，根据一项研究，在临床实践中，近五分之一服用他汀类药物的患者报告了副作用，导致许多人停止服用该药物)”可推知，他汀类药物对特定患者的副作用是很常见的。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Finally, journalists can do a better job of spreading accurate information. (最后，记者可以更好地传播准确的信息)”可知，作者最可能同意“记者在报道医学新闻时应该客观”的说法。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“News sites are more likely to cover catchy observational studies than randomized controlled trials, perhaps because the latter are less likely to produce surprising results. Such coverage can overstate benefits, claiming for example, that statins could cure cancer; it can unduly emphasize potential risks, such as suggesting a misleading connection with dementia, a serious mental disorder. (新闻网站更有可能报道引人注目的观察性研究，而不是随机对照试验，也许是因为后者不太可能产生令人惊讶的结果。这样的报道夸大了益处，例如，声称他汀类药物可以治愈癌症；它可能会unduly强调潜在的风险，例如暗示与痴呆症（一种严重的精神障碍）有误导性的联系)”可知，这里强调新闻网站报道引人注目的观察性研究的时候，为了夸大了益处，可能会过度强调潜在的风险。由此可知，unduly的意思应该是“过分地”，和选项B意思一致。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段“What else is on the fake news hit list? (假新闻热门名单上还有什么？)”和最后一段“Finally, journalists can do a better job of spreading accurate information. (最后，记者可以更好地传播准确的信息)”可知，这篇文章主要讲述虚假的医疗新闻会通过“nocebo效应”导致患者经历更大的副作用。由此推知，本文的主要目的是提醒读者警惕网上的虚假医学新闻。故选A。 2. 语法填空 City streets are littered with all kinds of refuse. On just about every street and sidewalk, one can find old newspaper, crushed cans, food wrappers, and discarded cigarettes, not to mention blobs (斑点) of old chewing gum 1 (stick) on walls, street poles, and on the ground. Of all these, gum is one of the hardest things to clean up. In its attempt 2 (clean) discarded gum off the streets and sidewalks, the authorities in London have tried everything from tools that shoot high-pressure water and steam to various kinds of chemicals 3 dissolve the gum. But nothing seems to work. The streets 4 (dot) with unattractive blobs of the stuff. Or at least they were unattractive 5 Ben Wilson came along. Ben Wilson is an artist on a mission. He wants to make good use of 6 others have thrown away and no one else wants: old chewing gum. When Mr. Wilson finds gum on the ground, down he goes with his painting supplies and sets out to create a work of art. He uses the discarded blobs of old gum 7 canvases (画布) for his mini paintings. After finishing a work, Mr. Wilson takes a picture of 8 for his archive. 9 (paint) all the gum on the streets of London could be a never-ending task for Ben Wilson. On a single street like High Street Barnet, it took him more than one month to paint all of the gum that he found in just three blocks. And new canvases are being spit out every day on streets. But he does not seem worried. As he told a reporter in one interview, “I’m just going to keep painting and see 10 the enthusiasm takes me.” 【答案】 1．stuck/sticking 2．to clean 3．which/that 4．are dotted/were dotted 5．before/until/when 6．what 7．as 8．it 9．Painting 10．where 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了本·威尔逊把街上的废弃口香糖变成艺术品的故事。 1．考查非谓语。句意：在几乎每条街道和人行道上，你都能找到旧报纸、压碎的罐头、食品包装纸和丢弃的香烟，更不用说粘在墙上、电线杆上和地上的旧口香糖了。空处为非谓语动词，old chewing gum与stick为主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。也可表示被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故填stuck/sticking。 2．考查动词不定式。句意：为了清理街道和人行道上的废弃口香糖，伦敦当局尝试了各种方法，从喷射高压水和蒸汽的工具到溶解口香糖的各种化学物质。in one’s attempt to do sth“某人试图做某事”，不定式作后置定语。故填to clean。 3．考查定语从句。句意：为了清理街道和人行道上的废弃口香糖，伦敦当局尝试了各种方法，从喷射高压水和蒸汽的工具到溶解口香糖的各种化学物质。先行词为chemicals，作定语从句的主语，关系代词为which或者that。故填which/that。 4．考查时态语态。句意：街上点缀着毫无吸引力的东西。be dotted with点缀着，为固定短语，可以表示现在的事实，也可以表示过去的事实，所以本句为一般现在时的被动语态或者一般过去时的被动语态。故填are/were dotted。 5．考查连词。句意：或者至少在本·威尔逊出现之前，他们是没有吸引力的/或者至少在本·威尔逊出现的时候，他们是没有吸引力的。根据句意可知，本句为before/until/when引导的时间状语从句。故填before/until/when。 6．考查连接词。句意：他想好好利用别人扔掉的、没人想要的东西:旧口香糖。of后接宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，从句用连接代词what引导。故填what。 7．考查介词。句意：他用丢弃的旧口香糖块作为他的迷你画的画布。表示“作为”用介词as。故填as。 8．考查代词。句意：完成一件作品后，威尔逊先生会给它拍张照片存档。指代前文的work，用it。故填it。 9．考查动名词。句意：对本·威尔逊来说，在伦敦街头涂上所有的口香糖可能是一项永无止境的任务。动名词作主语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Painting。 10．考查连接词。句意：我只是想继续画画，看看热情会把我带到哪里。see后接宾语从句，从句缺少表示地点的连接副词，故填where。 书面表达 假定你是校英文报的记者，你校于上周五举办了一场以“吟咏古风雅韵，传承诗意文道”为主题的中国古诗词吟诵比赛。请你用英语写一篇新闻报道。 内容包括： 1.活动内容； 2. 活动反响。 注释：吟咏古风雅韵，传承诗意文道：Recite ancient verses, pass on poetic artistry 注意：写作词数应为80左右。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Recite ancient verses, pass on poetic artistry Last Friday, our school witnessed a Chinese Poetry Recitation Competition which aimed to create a rich literary atmosphere on our campus. During the event, students gathered to recite classical Chinese poems from various dynasties. They demonstrated great public speaking skills and offered unique understanding of their poems, while expressing their deep appreciation for the timeless charm of Chinese classical poetry. A student interviewed said that he was deeply impressed by the participants’ skillful performance. This competition successfully encouraged students to explore the everlasting beauty and cultural richness of our poetic heritage. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。学校于上周五举办了一场以“吟咏古风雅韵，传承诗意文道”为主题的中国古诗词吟诵比赛。要求考生用英语写一篇新闻报道。 【详解】1.词汇积累 见证，经历：witness → see 聚集：gather → get together/assemble 各种各样的：various → a variety of 提供：offer → provide 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：During the event, students gathered to recite classical Chinese poems from various dynasties. 拓展句：During the event, students gathered to recite classical Chinese poems which were chosen from various dynasties. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Last Friday, our school witnessed a Chinese Poetry Recitation Competition which aimed to create a rich literary atmosphere on our campus. (运用了关系代词which引导限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] A student interviewed said that he was deeply impressed by the participants’ skillful performance. (运用了连词that引导宾语从句) 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $