摘要:
该初中英语课件系统梳理了新牛津译林8A Unit4 Welcome及Reading模块的32处核心知识点,涵盖语法结构、词汇用法及短语搭配,通过新授与复习知识点分类整合、典型例句解析及语境应用示例,帮助学生构建单元知识网络。
其亮点在于采用“知识点解析-用法辨析-分层练习”的复习模式,如针对“instead”设计选择题(Why not camp by the river instead?)和填空题(Instead of crying...),对比instead与instead of的用法差异,培养学生的语言能力和思维品质。分层练习兼顾基础巩固与拓展提升,助力不同水平学生高效复习,也为教师提供精准教学支持。
内容正文:
新牛津译林8A Unit4 知识点全解(上)
内含Welcome+Reading知识点(共32处)
沭阳县智慧路中学 李小珑
Supporters Say
2023/09/08
Welcome to the unit
(共12处)
1.There is no better tool than our hands. P48
没有比我们的双手更好的工具。
<新>知识点1:there is no better A than B
翻译为:“没有比B更好的A了”
There is no better teacher than practice. 没有比实践更好的老师了。
There is no better drink than water.
2.describe our own experiences of making something P48
描述我们自己制作某物的经历
<复习>知识点2:one’s own sth
翻译为:“某人自己的某物”
<常见组合>have one’s own sth 拥有某人自己的某物
=have sth of one’s own
I hope to have my own house in the future.
=I hope to have a house of my own in the future. 我希望将来能拥有自己的房子。
没有比水更好的饮料了。
<复习>知识点3:experience的使用
<可数名词+s> (一次)经历,体验
Tom likes travelling. He has many unusual experiences.
汤姆喜欢旅游,他有许多不寻常的经历。
<不可数名词>经验
Mrs Green has a lot of teaching experience. 格林老师有着丰富的教学经验。
<拓展>experience <及物动词>体验,经历
I experienced a wonderful journey last summer.
去年夏天我经历了一次美妙的旅程。
3.better understand and enjoy making things by ourselves P48
更好理解和享受我们自己动手制作东西的乐趣。
<新>知识点4:make sth by oneself
翻译:“独自制作某物,自己动手做某物,”
She made the birthday card by herself. 她独自制作了那张生日卡片。
4.DIY is popular among young people. DIY在年轻人中受欢迎。 P48
知识点5:be popular among... 的用法
翻译为:“在...中受欢迎,受...的欢迎”
<同义短语>be popular with...
This game is popular among/with teenagers. 这款游戏受青少年欢迎。
5.Painting a wall 粉刷(一面)墙壁 P49
<复习>知识点6:paint的用法
<及物动词>在...上刷油漆,粉刷
paint+sth+颜色 把某物涂成某个颜色
<搭配>paint the wall green
<及物/不及物动词>(用颜料)画,绘画
My grandfather likes to paint birds. 我祖父喜欢画鸟。
<不可数名词>(泛指“油漆、涂料”这种物质或材料) 油漆
The paint on the wall is old. 墙上的漆旧了。
<可数名词+s> 绘画颜料
These oil paints dry slowly. 这些油画颜料干得慢。
<拓展>painter
把墙涂成绿色
画家,油漆工
6.Putting together a shelf P49
<新>知识点7:put together的用法
翻译为:“组装,拼装,整理”
He puts together a model plane at the weekend. 他周末组装了一架模型飞机。
I need some time to put my thoughts together. 我需要点时间来整理一下我的思绪。
<含有put的短语>
①put up 挂起,张贴,举起,搭建
②put on 穿上(强调动作)
③put out 扑灭
④put in 安装
⑤put away 收好,放好
⑥put down 放下
7.What are you going to do, Suzy? 苏茜,你打算做什么? P49
<复习>知识点8:be going to+动词原形
①表示未来的计划或意图。强调说话人事先已经考虑过,并打算或计划要做某事。
(主语为人) 翻译为:“打算做某事,计划做某事”
I am going to visit my grandparents this weekend.我打算这个周末去看望我的祖父母。
②表示有迹象表明即将要发生的事情(主语为物) 翻译为:“快要...,就要...”
Look at those dark clouds! It is going to rain. 看那些乌云!快要下雨了。
③肯定结构:主语+be going to+动词原形+其他
④否定结构:主语+be not going to+动词原形+其他
I am not going to tell him the secret. 我不打算告诉他这个秘密。
⑤一般疑问句: Be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他?
(肯)Yes, 主语+be. (否)No, 主语+be+not.
—Are you going to visit Mr Hu? 你打算去看望胡先生吗?
—Yes, I am.(是的,我打算去). /No, I am not. (不,我不打算去)
⑥特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他?
What are you going to do tomorrow? 你明天打算做什么?
8.I need some coloured paper, tape or glue and a pair of scissors. P49
我们需要一些彩纸,胶带或胶水,还有一把剪刀。
<新>知识点9:tape的用法
<不可数名词>(强调胶带是一种材料或物质)胶带
I need to buy some tape. 我需要买点胶带。
<可数名词+s>(强调一卷或多卷胶带)胶带
There is a tape in the drawer. 抽屉里有一卷胶带。
<及物动词>用胶带粘贴 <搭配>tape A to B 用胶带把A粘贴到B上
I tape the poster to the wall. 我用胶带把海报贴在了墙上。
<新>知识点10:glue的用法
<不可数名词>胶,胶水
I need some glue to fix this broken vase. 我需要点胶水来修补这个破碎的花瓶。
<及物动词>(用胶水)黏合,粘贴
<搭配>glue A to B (用胶水)把A粘到B上
We glued the leaves to the paper. 我们把树叶粘在纸上。
<复习>知识点11:a pair of scissors的用法
翻译为:“一把剪刀”
注:a pair of scissors作主语,谓语动词用三单。
There ____(be) a pair of scissors in the drawer. 抽屉里有一把剪刀。
注:若直接使用scissors或者强调两把及以上的剪刀,则谓语动词用复数。
The scissors ____(be) on the table. 剪刀在桌子上。
There _____(be) two pairs of scissors in the drawer. 抽屉里有两把剪刀。
is
are
are
9.When our job is complete, we’ll see some lovely roses. P49
当我们的工作完成时,我们将会看到一些可爱的玫瑰花。
<新>知识点12:complete的用法
<形容词>完成的,结束的,全部的
I have the complete works of Shakespeare. 我有一套莎士比亚全集。
The building is now complete. 大楼现已竣工。
<及物动词>完成,结束
I finally completed my homework. 我终于完成了我的家庭作业。
<拓展>
completely <副词>完全地,彻底地 /kəmˈpliːtli/
I completely agree with you. 我完全同意你的看法。
<练习>Our new house was __________ (complete) in a mess after the party was over.
completely
Supporters Say
2023/09/08
Reading
(共20处)
1.My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY. 我的表哥安德鲁热衷于DIY. P50
<新>知识点1:crazy的用法
<形容词>狂热的,迷恋的,疯狂的
<搭配>①be crazy about sb/sth 热衷于某人/某物,对某人/某物着迷
He is crazy about the new girl in his class. 他对他班上新来的那个女孩非常着迷。
②be crazy about doing sth 对做某事非常着迷
He is crazy about playing basketball. 他对打篮球非常着迷。
③go crazy 发疯
After working 72 hours without sleep, he went crazy.
在连续工作72小时没睡觉后,他发疯了。
<同义词>mad <形容词>疯狂的,生气的
It’s a mad idea. 这是个疯狂的主意。
<练习>
His grandpa is much ________ (crazy) about football than him.
crazier
2.However, he is not a born handyman! 然而,他不是一个天生手巧的人! P50
<新>知识点2:born的用法
<形容词>天生的
a born artist 一位天生的艺术家
<搭配>be born 出生 (注:①后面可接介词+时间或地点 ②用一般过去时)
I was born in Tianjin. 我出生在天津。
He was born on a rainy day. 他出生在一个雨天。
<练习>
Someone may say Pan Zhanle is a ______ (天生的) swimmer, but his efforts matter, too.
born
3.Once, he tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake, and his whole house had a power cut. P50
有一次,他试图在他的卧室安装一盏更亮的灯,但是他犯了个错误,并且他的整个房子(遭遇)停电了。
<新>知识点3:mistake的用法
<可数名词+s> 错误,过错
<搭配>①make a mistake =make mistakes 犯错误
I made a mistake in my maths homework. 我在数学作业中犯了一个错误。
②by mistake (出于疏忽)错误地,无意地
I’m sorry. I took your pen by mistake. 对不起,我错拿了你的钢笔。
<及物动词>弄错,误解
<过去式>mistook
<搭配>mistake A for B 将A误认为B
I mistook you for my friend. You look just like her.
我误把你认成我的朋友了。你和她长得真像。
4.Another time, he wanted to put up a picture on the wall, but he hit a water pipe and filled the room with water. P50
还有一次,他想在墙上挂一幅画,但是他敲穿了管子并且让房子充满了水。
<复习>知识点4:put up的用法
①张贴(海报,通知等)
He put up a poster of his favorite singer on the wall.
他在墙上张贴了一张他最喜爱的歌手的海报。
②挂起(灯笼,画等)
Let’s put up some red lanterns for the festival.
让我们为节日挂起一些红灯笼。
③搭建
We helped them put up a tent in the backyard.
我们帮他们在后院搭建了一个帐篷。
④举起
Please put up your hand if you know the answer.
如果你知道答案,请举起手。
<复习>知识点5:fill...with的用法 (fill <及物动词>填满,(使)充满)
翻译为:“使...充满”
①fill A with B 用B装满A,使A充满B
Please fill the bottle with water. 请用水装满瓶子。
②be filled with sth= be full of sth 充满某物
The big family is filled with love.
= The big family is full of love.这个大家庭充满了爱。
5.Andrew thought he was just unlucky.安德鲁认为他只是运气不好。 P50
<新>知识点6:unlucky的用法
<形容词>不幸的,不顺利的
注:该单词开头音素为/ʌ/,修饰单数名词需要使用不定冠词an。
He is an unlucky boy 他是一个不幸的男孩。
<搭配>be unlucky to do sth 很不幸做了某事
He was unlucky to lose the match in the final minute.
他真不幸在最后一分钟输掉了比赛。
<反义词>lucky <形容词>幸运的
He is a lucky dog. 他是一个幸运儿。
<拓展>luckily <副词>幸运地,幸运的是
Luckily, I found my lost keys. 幸运的是,我找到了丢失的钥匙。
unluckily <副词>不幸地,不幸的是
Unluckily, he missed the last bus and had to walk home.
真不巧,他错过了末班车,只好走回家。
6.Instead, he bought many books about DIY and took an online DIY course as well.
相反,他买了很多关于DIY的书,也参加了一个线上DIY的课程。P50
<新>知识点7:instead的用法
<副词>反而, 代替 (表示一种转折,引出与前述情况相反或替代的做法。)
注:该用法修饰整个句子,位于句首或句末。
She didn’t laugh at me. She offered to help me instead. 她没嘲笑我,反而主动帮我。
<搭配>instead of 而不是,代替 (位于句首或句中)
注:of为介词,后接名词,代词或动词ing。
Let’s give away the books instead of throwing them away.
让我们把这些书捐了,而不是把它们扔掉。
注:instead of与rather than区别
instead of→名词/代词/动词ing
rather than→(对称原则,即前后语法形式保持一致)名词/代词/动词ing/动词原形
She chose to study rather than play. 她选择了学习,而不是玩耍。
He enjoys watching movies rather than reading books.
他喜欢看电影,而不是读书。
<练习>
(选择)1. —What about rowing on the river?
—Why not ______ by the river ______? I think it’s more interesting.
A. camp; instead of B. camping; instead
C. camping; instead of D. camp; instead
2. Instead of _________ (cry), he acted to make things better.
<新>知识点8:course的用法
<可数名词+s>课程
<搭配>take a course 参加一门课程,修一门课程
注:若强调修具体某个学科领域需要使用介词in。
take a course in sth 参加一门...课程,修一门...课程
I want to take a course in Spanish in my free time.
我想在空闲时间修一门西班牙语课程。
crying
<复习>知识点9:as well,too,also,either辨析
都可以翻译为也,但是用法不同。
①as well→肯定句 (位于句末,且前面不用逗号)
I can swim as well. 我也会游泳。
②too→肯定句或疑问句(位于句末,前面可以加逗号,也可以不加)
I like apples, and I like oranges too. 我喜欢苹果,我也喜欢橘子。
③also→肯定句(位于句中,实前be后)
He also wants to go. 他也想去。
He is also a student. 他也是位学生。
④either→否定句(位于句末,前面可加逗号,也可以不加)
He doesn’t want to go either. 他也不想去。
7.Now he knows his way around all kinds of DIY. P51
现在他精通各种各样的DIY。
<新>知识点10:know one’s way around 的用法
①know one’s way around sth →精通某物,对某物非常熟悉
She really knows her way around a camera. 翻译: 她非常精通使用相机。
②know one’s way around+地点 →对某地很熟门熟路
She really knows her way around Shanghai.
她对上海可熟门熟路了。
8.One day, he found my room in a mess, with books all over my bed. P51
有一天,他发现我的房间乱七八糟,床上到处都是书。
<新>知识点11:find+宾语+宾语补足语
这个结构的核心是:“发现” 了一个 “什么(宾语)” 处于 “怎么样(宾补)” 的状态。
宾语补足语:紧跟在宾语之后,对宾语进行补充说明,使句意完整。
①find+宾语+形容词 发现...是...的
(发现宾语具有某种特征或状态。)
I find this book very interesting. 我发现这本书是有趣的
②find+宾语+介词短语 发现...处于...
(发现宾语所处的地点、位置或状态。)
He found my room in a mess. 他发现我的房间一团糟。
She found her keys under the bed. 她发现她的钥匙在床底下。
③find+宾语+名词(短语) 发现...是...
(发现宾语是某种身份或事物。)
I find him a good friend. 我发现他是个好朋友。
<新>知识点12:mess的用法
<不可数名词>杂乱,不整洁
<搭配>①in a mess 乱七八糟,一团糟 (注:这里是固定搭配,需要加上a)
Your room is in a mess. Please clean it up. 你的房间一团糟,请打扫一下。
②make a mess 搞得一塌糊涂
The children made a mess in the classroom. 孩子们把教室搞得一塌糊涂。
9.You’d better have a shelf for them. 你最好有个架子来放它们。 P51
<复习>知识点13:had better do sth=(’d better do sth)
翻译:“最好做某事”
注:后面接动词原形。表示对别人的劝告,建议。
You had better read the book. 你最好读一读这本书。
had better not do sth 最好别做某事=(’d better not do sth)
We’d better not talk in the library. 在图书馆我们最好别说话。
<拓展>It’s better to do sth 做某事更好
It’s better to arrive early. 早点到更好。
10.A floor lamp there caught my eye. 那里的一盏落地灯吸引了我的目光。P51
<新>知识点14:catch one’s eye (这里的eye必须单数)
翻译为:“引起某人的注意,吸引某人的目光”
The beautiful dress in the shop caught her eye.
商店里的那件漂亮的连衣裙吸引了她的目光。
<同义搭配>catch one’s attention 引起某人的注意
A strange noise caught my attention. 一个奇怪的声音引起了我的注意。
11. I was surprised to know that he made it himself ! P51
得知是他自己做的这盏灯,我感到了惊讶!
<复习>知识点15:<形容词>(感到)惊奇的,感到意外的
注:主语为人,可以使用surprised
<搭配>be surprised to do sth 做某事感到惊讶
I was surprised to see a cat in my room. 我惊讶地看到一只猫在我房间里。
be surprised at sth 对某事感到惊讶
I was surprised at the news. 我对这个消息感到惊讶。
<拓展>surprising <形容词>令人惊奇的
注:主语为物或者修饰物,可以使用surprising.
The news is surprising. 这个消息令人吃惊。
<拓展>主从复合句
本句是一个主从复合句。(主句+宾语从句)
主句(它能独立存在,表达完整的核心意思。) :I was surprised to know
(宾语)从句(它不能独立存在,需要依附于主句,充当主句的某一个成分,由特定的引导词引出。):that he made it himself
12.My cousin enjoys DIY, and now no DIY job seems impossible to him. P51
我的表哥喜欢DIY, 现在似乎没有什么DIY工作对他来说是不可能的了。
<新>知识点16:impossible的用法
<形容词>不可能的,办不到的
注:该单词开头音素为/ɪ/,修饰单数名词需要使用不定冠词an。
It is an impossible thing. 这是一件不可能的事。
<搭配>①sth seem impossible to sb 某事对某人来说似乎不可能
This maths problem seems impossible to the little boy.
这道数学题对那个小男孩来说似乎不可能。
②It’s impossible for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事是不可能的
It’s impossible for a baby to talk. 对一个婴儿来说说话是不可能的。
<反义词>possible <形容词>可能的
13.He thinks DIY is a good way to have fun and save money. P51
他觉得DIY是一种玩得高兴和省钱的好方法。
<复习>知识点17:have fun的用法
翻译为:“玩得开心”
You can learn new things and have fun.
你能学到新的东西,还能玩得开心。
<同义词组>have a good time=enjoy oneself
注:have fun后接动词需要使用动词ing。
即have fun doing sth 做某事开心
=have a good time doing sth= enjoy oneself doing sth
I have fun playing basketball. 我打篮球很开心。
=I have a good time playing basketball.
=I enjoy myself playing basketball.
14.It jumped up to reach the toy, but it hit the paint can, and the can fell over. P53
它跳起来够那个玩具,但是它撞击了颜料罐,并且罐子翻倒了。
<新>知识点18:can的用法
<可数名词+s>金属容器,塑料容器,罐,听
I bought three cans of beer. 我买了三罐啤酒。
<情态动词>①(表能力)能,会
I can speak English. 我能说英语。
②(表可能性)可能
It can be very cold in winter here. 这里的冬天有时会很冷。
③(表请求)可以...吗?
Can you help me? 你能帮我一下吗?
④(表许可)可以
You can borrow my book. 你可以借我的书。
<新>知识点19:fall over的用法
翻译为:“翻倒,摔倒”
The vase fell over and broke. 花瓶翻倒摔碎了。
The little boy fell over and started crying. 小男孩摔倒了,开始哭起来。
<含有fall的短语>
①fall behind 落后
If you miss too many classes, you will fall behind.
如果你缺课太多,你会落后的。
②fall asleep 入睡
I fell asleep very quickly last night. 我昨晚很快就入睡了。
③fall off (从...上)摔下
He fell off his bike and hurt his knee. 他从自行车上摔下来,伤了膝盖。
15.There was blue paint everywhere—even on my shelf. P53
<新>知识点20:everywhere的用法
<副词>到处
In spring, we can see flowers everywhere. 在春天,我们到处都能看到花。
The balls are everywhere. 球到处都是。
<复合不定代词>到处 (作主语,谓语动词用三单)
Everywhere in the park was full of flowers. 公园里到处都开满了花。
Everywhere was covered by snow. It was a beautiful sight.
到处都被雪覆盖着。那是一幅美丽的景象。
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