期中复习之阅读理解20篇（深圳专用）-2025-2026学年八年级英语上学期期中复习（沪教版2024）

期中复习之阅读理解20篇 （期中考试单元话题） 本资料共20篇专题训练，记叙文和说明文各10篇。从上到下按照难度分层训练 题号 难度 知识点 1 较易 友谊,记叙文 2 较易 阅读,爱好,记叙文 3 较易 其他人,记叙文 4 较易 爱好,记叙文 5 较易 哲理感悟,记叙文,个人经历 6 适中 文学家,记叙文 7 适中 考古发现,记叙文 8 适中 寓言童话,记叙文,文学名著 9 适中 其他人,志愿服务,记叙文 10 适中 叙事忆旧,记叙文 11 适中 科普知识,说明文 12 适中 濒危生物,说明文 13 适中 合作与交流,说明文 14 适中 外国文化,说明文,礼仪与习俗 15 较难 数字与数据,说明文 16 较难 科普知识,说明文 17 较难 数字与数据,科普知识,说明文 18 较难 青少年问题,说明文 19 较难 科学技术,发明与创造,说明文 20 较难 科学技术,说明文 记叙文10篇 I am Barbara Sloan, 51 years old. I want to share my experience about an unusual friendship. How many friendships last for decades without meeting? That’s what happened between me and my French pen friend Michele. We began writing to each other as teenagers, but 36 years passed before we met face-to-face. I started looking for pen friends because I was the only child in my family and I felt lonely. I still remember when my father brought me an envelope containing (包含) Michele’s first letter and photo. Over the years, we exchanged family pictures, gifts, and souvenirs. In 1972, I married Alan, a decorator. Michele sent me a golden necklace as a wedding gift. When my children Lindsey, Duncan and Robert were born, she sent presents every Christmas. In November 1998, while wrapping Michele’s Christmas present, Lindsey suggested, “Why don’t you visit her?” A few weeks later, I wrote to Michele proposing a visit. The next year, I flew to France. At the airport, after waiting anxiously, a blonde woman called out, “Barbara?” I responded, “Michele?” We hugged tightly and spent a wonderful week together. I considered staying longer, but Alan called to say Robert was ill, so I returned home. Two years later, Michele wrote that she was planning to visit Britain. Alan and I went to the airport but waited in vain. Concerned, Alan called Michele’s home. Her husband told us she had died in an accident hours before her flight. I was devastated (悲痛欲绝的) and stopped speaking for two weeks. Later, I continued writing letters to Michele’s family as if she were still alive. 1．How does the writer begin the text? A．By asking a question. B．By introducing herself. C．By describing a place. D．By telling a funny story. 2．What is the main reason Barbara started looking for pen friends? A．She wanted to learn French. B．She liked collecting photos and gifts. C．She felt lonely. D．She enjoyed writing letters to strangers. 3．Why did Barbara return home from France earlier than planned? A．Because she missed her husband Alan. B．Because Michele had to leave for work. C．Because her son Robert was sick. D．Because she ran out of money. 4．What is the correct order of the following events? ①Michele sent Barbara a wedding gift. ②Barbara met Michele in France. ③Michele died in an accident. ④Barbara married Alan. A．④①②③ B．①④②③ C．④②①③ D．①②④③ 5．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To explain how to find pen friends. B．To describe a trip to France. C．To share a special friendship story. D．To teach about writing letters. When I was a child, my parents read bedtime stories to my sister and me each night. It is one of my favourite childhood memories. My sister and I had many books. As I grew older, I enjoyed staying in my father’s “library” and would read for hours each day. To make me play with friends like other kids, my parents would have to take books away from me.   I see reading as an important part of my life, not a hobby to pass my time. For me, reading opens up a whole new world. It encourages new ideas, increases my knowledge, and makes me an everyday learner. Although I enjoy communicating with people, I’m an introverted person and really need my alone time. Last year, I had several experiences that began to make me feel worried about my being shy, and I felt that it would make me lose many chances. Around this time, I read Susan Cain’s book Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can’t Stop Talking. This book helped me understand myself. And I’m not afraid to be myself. Charlie Jones says, “You will be the same person in five years as you are today except for the people you meet and the books you read.” I’ve met great people and travelled around the world — all from my chair or bed with a book in my hands. 1．One of the writer’s favourite childhood memories was ________. A．watching TV with her sister B．travelling around the world C．communicating with people D．listening to her parents read bedtime stories 2．Why would the writer’s parents stop her from reading? A．Because she might lose her friends because of reading. B．Because she liked reading books very much. C．Because they wanted her to read her own books. D．Because they thought it didn’t help her with study. 3．What does the writer think of reading? A．A good way to learn new skills. B．A favourite hobby in her free time. C．An activity that makes her popular. D．A bridge between the world and herself. 4．From the fourth paragraph, we can learn that an introverted person is ________. A．outgoing B．lazy C．careless D．shy 5．The writer met great people and travelled around the world by ________. A．writing letters to the great people B．making friends with others C．reading books in her chair or on her bed D．going sightseeing in every holiday Once upon a time, a wise Greek man named Thales came to Egypt. Thales was good at maths. He also loved solving puzzles and finding out how things worked. One day, he visited the Great Pyramid. It was the tallest building he had ever seen. After enjoying its beauty, he wondered how tall the pyramid was. He asked the locals, but nobody knew. Thales thought about this question day and night. One night, when he was enjoying the moonlight, he came to realize that everything has a shadow when the sun shines. An idea hit him, “If I can measure (测量) the pyramid’s shadow, I can figure out its height!” So, Thales waited patiently until the sun was just right. He stood next to the pyramid and measured his own shadow. Then, he measured the pyramid’s shadow. Thales was about 6 feet tall, and his shadow was 2 feet long. The ratio (比例) was 3:1. The pyramid’s shadow was much longer, about 120 feet. Thales realized that the pyramid’s height equals 120 multiplied by 3. Finally, at lunchtime, Thales declared the Great Pyramid’s height—______ feet. Everyone was amazed. Thales used his wisdom to solve the puzzle. 1．Where did Thales come from? A．Egypt. B．Greek. C．China. D．Italy. 2．What does the underlined word “figure out” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Work out. B．Run out. C．Check out. D．Carry out. 3．When did Thales start to measure? A．At night. B．In the afternoon. C．In the morning. D．At noon. 4．Which number should be put onto ______ in the last paragraph? A．40. B．120. C．123. D．360. 5．What can we learn from Thales? A．Two heads are better than one. B．Practise makes perfect. C．Intelligence comes from thinking. D．It is never too old to learn. Many sports stars believe something can bring them good luck. Some of them like to wear their lucky clothes, some like special numbers and some do special things for good luck on the day of an important game. Next I’ll give you some examples. Serena Williams, a tennis player, ties her shoelaces (鞋带) in the same way before every game. She usually wears the same socks in all games. She also has lucky shoes and likes having a dress with her. Another tennis star, Rafael Nadal, puts two water bottles in the same place next to the tennis field before every game. When he wins a competition, he always bites the trophy (咬奖杯). The Spanish football player, Fernando Torres, always has three shirts, three pairs of shorts and three pairs of shoes in his sports bag. Kolo Touré is always the last player going onto the football field before games. He believes that numbers like 11, 22 or 33 on a player’s shirt can bring the player good luck. He also thinks it is unlucky to change the numbers when he goes to another team. One racing driver, Sebastian Vettel, doesn’t have a special thing to do but he has lucky things. He has a necklace (项链) and a little toy pig! They are surely special to him. 1．How many sports stars does the passage write about? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．Which number may Fernando Torres like? A．3. B．4. C．11. D．22. 3．What won’t Kolo Touré do if he goes to another team? A．He won’t wear the same shorts. B．He won’t take many shirts. C．He won’t change his number. D．He won’t wear the same socks. 4．What CANNOT we know from the passage? A．What players do to bring them good luck. B．What Rafael Nadal does. C．Where Sebastian Vettel comes from. D．Which numbers Kolo Tour e likes. 5．What’s the passage mainly about? A．What the most popular way to bring players good luck is. B．Players have different ways to bring themselves good luck. C．How players win competitions by bringing something special. D．Why different players take different things to games. ①One morning, I got up early and decided to make an apple pie for my mum. I called my grandma for help, followed a TV program to make jam and waited excitedly. I enjoyed every step so much that I didn’t notice three hours pass by. Although the pie looked terrible and was not that delicious, Mum ate it up and told me it was the best pie that she had ever had. For the first time, I realized that although I made a terrible pie, I really enjoyed the process (过程). ②The process is important because it brings us something bigger than the result itself. That is, we always have new experiences during the process, which may help us improve our skills or form good relationships with others. If we just concentrate on the result and do not enjoy the process, we will be more likely to feel disappointed and want to give up. As a result, we will never understand the real meaning of success. ③But in this busy world, we see many successful people are in competition. How can we enjoy the process? Well, the question has the answer in itself. ④Don’t always compare yourself with others. Success means different things to us. For some, success means being famous, while for others, it may be health or power. ⑤Slow down. You need to stop expecting immediate results in what you do and learn to be patient. Impatience leads to unhappiness. Do it slowly, but never stop. ⑥Reward yourself. Divide the process into small steps, and give yourself a reward after completing each of them. 1．How does the writer start the article? A．By giving an example. B．By using old sayings. C．By comparing facts. D．By listing numbers. 2．What do the underlined words “concentrate on” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Point out. B．Pay attention to. C．Make up. D．Get ready for. 3．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A．①/②/③④⑤/⑥ B．①/②/③④/⑤⑥ C．①/②/③/④⑤⑥ D．①/②/③/④⑤/⑥ 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The author made an apple pie alone. B．Mum ate the pie up because it was very delicious. C．The process is important because it just helps us improve our skills. D．There are three pieces of advice on how to enjoy the process. 5．Which could be the best title for the text? A．Enjoy the process B．What does success mean to us? C．Never give up D．How can we achieve good results? Lanaston Hughes was one of the most important American poets of the he loved century. He wrote poems, novels, short stories, plays and children’s books. He loved writing about the life and dreams of black people. Langston Hughes was born in Joplin,Missouri in 1902. When he was was very young, his grandmother read in him from books, newspapers and magazines. But when Langston came back home from school, she made him stay inside. He had no one to play with, so books were his only friends. When he was in Grade Eight, he was chosen to be a class poet. His career as a writer began. After Langston graduated from high school, he went to Columbia University in New York City, but he didn’t like the university because white people there treated him badly. One year later, he decided to leave and travel around the world. He found a job on a boat going to Africa. He wrote poems and articles o it. He sent them to magazines in the United States. Some magazines published his writing. Then Langston made a living by writing. He also helped other black writers get stories and poems published. When he had money, Langston travelled around the world again.Whenever he went, he wrote and read his poems aloud. Finally, back in the United States, he became a poetry teacher at different universities. Langston Hughes died in 1967. Today people around the world still read his poems. 1．Langston Hughes was most famous for his ________. A．short stories B．novels C．children’s books D．poems 2．Langston Hughes didn’t like Columbia University because ________. A．He didn’t want to study. B．He was one of the black people. C．He wanted to travel and write. D．White people wasn’t friendly to him. 3．Langston Hughes’ career as a writer began ________. A．when he was very young B．in high school C．in Grade Eight D．on the boat 4．Which of the following is NOT true about Langston Hughes? A．He read a lot of books in his childhood. B．He studied in Columbia University for only one year. C．He taught black people to write short stories at different universities. D．He died at the age of 65. 5．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Langston Fughes—a great American poet B．How to be a successful poet C．Love reading from an early age D．The poems of Langston Hughes “What is that?” “It looks like a fossil (化石).” “It looks part-human.” “It can’t be...” The words “animal” and “human” were discussed by the archaeologists (考古学家). “What if it’s neither human nor animal? What if it’s something we haven’t discovered yet?” I said. There was silence. Paul said, “I think you might be right, Jack. It isn’t an animal we know of. It’s not human. What else could it be?” The other scientists headed back to their computers to begin researching. Paul and I continued to look at the fossil closely. It seemed that the creature (生物) was smaller than a human, and could stand on two legs. The next morning, I ran to the fossil. The fossil was different! Now it looked like a small bear. “What happened?” I asked. Everyone had a puzzled look on their faces and no one had an answer. When night fell, we set up a rotation (轮班) to make sure two of us were with the fossil at all times. All was quiet for my watch (值班) at midnight. In the morning, I went to the fossil. It had changed again! This time it looked like a sheep. No one had seen or heard anything on their watch. How and why did it keep changing? To this day, no one has found the answer to the changes. 1．What were the archaeologists discussing? A．How old the fossil was. B．What animal’s fossil it was. C．Whether it was a fossil of a human or an animal. D．What if the creature was something they hadn’t discovered. 2．After the other scientists left, Paul and Jack _________. A．continued to talk B．ran a test together C．looked at the fossil closely D．worked on their computers 3．The underlined word “puzzled” means “_________” in Chinese. A．尴尬的 B．气愤的 C．难过的 D．疑惑的 4．What situation are the archaeologists facing? A．The fossil went missing. B．The fossil kept changing. C．The fossil was strange in shape. D．The fossil made the scientists dream a lot. 5．Where can we probably find the passage? A．In sports news. B．In a scientific report. C．In a fashion magazine. D．In an archaeologist’s public speech. Once upon a time there was a prince, and he wanted to marry (娶) a princess, and she would have to be a real princess. The prince travelled all round the world to find one, but it was so difficult that nowhere could he find what he wanted. One evening, a terrible storm came. Suddenly a knocking was heard at the gate, and the old Queen went to open the door. It was a princess standing out there before the gate. The water ran down from her hair and her clothes. And yet she said that she was a real princess. “Well, we’ll soon find that out,” thought the old Queen. But she said nothing. She went into the bedroom, took all the bedding off the bedstead (床架), and laid a pea (豌豆) at the bottom. Then she took twenty mattresses (褥垫) and laid them on the pea, and then twenty eiderdowns (鸭绒被) on top of the mattresses. On this, the princess lay all night. In the morning, she was asked how she had slept. “Oh, very badly! I have hardly closed my eyes all night.” said the princess. “Only heaven knows what was in the bed, and I was lying on something hard, so that I am black and blue all over my body.” Now they knew that she was a real princess, because she had felt the pea right through the twenty mattresses and the twenty eiderdowns. So the prince took her for his wife, for now he knew that he had a real princess. 1．Finding a princess is ________ for the prince. A．easy B．difficult C．quick D．slow 2．How was the princess’ sleep that night? A．Relaxing. B．Long. C．Good. D．Bad. 3．How could they know that the girl was a real princess? A．She liked to eat anything even peas. B．She could feel the pea through twenty mattresses. C．She needed twenty mattresses during her sleep. D．She could know the weather. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The story happened at the princess’ house. B．The prince finally married the real princess. C．The prince and the princess were good friends. D．The queen didn’t like the princess at all. 5．What is the best name of the story? A．The Princess and the Pea B．The Princess and the Prince C．The Princess and the Queen D．The Princess and the Storm When Claire Vlases of Montana was in Grade 7, she learned about plans to modernize (使现代化) her middle school. Claire asked the school board (董事会) to add solar panels (太阳电池板) to the project because, she believed, clean energy would be helpful to a really modern school. The board liked the idea but said it could offer just $25, 000. It was only one-fifth of the cost of the solar panels. So Claire organized a group of kids and grown-ups to try to get the rest. They sold their second-hand books, put on talent shows and asked for donations (捐赠), even going door-to-door for them. One donated more than half the cost! After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels, which now provide one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs-saving thousands of dollars for the neighborhood. “My favorite part about this project was that one person could start something small and then the project could grow and have a big influence on the community (社群),” Claire said. “There are always going to be hard parts. But never forget why you set off. Make a determined effort to stick to your goal. When there’s a challenge in front of you, you can learn from it and use it as chance to improve yourself.” 1．How much money did the solar panels cost? ________ A．$25, 000. B．$100, 000. C．$125, 000. D．$5, 000. 2．Which picture shows the change of the electricity cost after the use of solar panels? ________ A． B． C． D． 3．Which is the right order of the following events? ________ a. Claire organized a group of people to get the rest of the money. b. The board agreed but there was not enough money for adding solar panels. c. Claire and her group paid for the solar panels. d. Claire asked the school board to add solar panels to help the school save energy. A．a—b—c—d B．d—c—b—a C．b—d—a—c D．d—b—a—c 4．From Claire’s words in the last paragraph, we learn that ________ A．Hard work was her favorite. B．The project went smoothly. C．A small thing makes a big difference. D．Solar panels cost a big deal. 5．What would be the best title for the text? ________ A．A Dependent Girl B．A Modern School C．Don’t Waste Energy D．Never Give Up During the Jin Dynasty (265—420), there was a child named Che Yin. He was smart and loved to read. He grew up in a poor family and didn’t have enough money for lamp oil to study at night. One night, he saw fireflies (萤火虫) outside his house and came up with an idea. He caught some fireflies in a cloth bag and hung the bag up as a lamp. It is said that he spent all of his summer nights reading like this. Another child named Sun Kang also loved reading. One night during winter, Sun used up all his lamp oil and couldn’t study at night. When he woke up at night, he saw the snow reflecting (反射) the moonlight outside his house. “Oh, I can use the reflected light to read!” he thought. He took out his books and read, even though he was freezing cold. Both of the kids later became successful government officials (政府官员). People were moved because of their hard-working spirit (精神) and turned their stories into the Chinese idiom (成语) nangying yingxue. Present Xi Jinping once told these stories at the Party School of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央党校). He talked about nangying yingxue, xuanliang cigu and zaobi touguang. All of these stories encourage people to study hard even though they will meet difficulties. Xi hopes that government officials can keep this hard-working spirit in mind. All of us can learn a lot from these stories. Although they don’t take place in modern times, they are just like the light of fireflies—they light up the road to knowledge. 1．Why did Che Yin collect fireflies? A．Because fireflies are bright enough for him to read. B．Because he wanted to do an experiment. C．Because he wanted to play with them for fun. D．Because he wanted to show them to his friends. 2．What did Che Yin and Sun Kang have in common? A．They liked nature and animals. B．They were rich and they liked to read. C．They worked very hard and became successful. D．They became teachers. 3．How many idioms are mentioned in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 4．What is the purpose of President Xi Jinping to talk about the stories? A．He hopes that government officials can read more books. B．He hopes that government officials can keep the hard-working spirit in mind. C．He hopes that more people can become government officials. D．He hopes that all people can learn more knowledge. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Read More and Become Successful B．Work Hard at Night C．Road to Knowledge D．Old Stories, Hard-working Spirits 说明文10篇 A large number of people visit Disney Park in Florida, US, on July 14. Visiting Disney Parks has placed a heavy financial burden (经济负担) on many US families. Walt Disney World is an amazing place for many people in the US. However, for some, this dream place is making them go into a lot of debt (债务). According to the US website LendingTree, 45 percent of over 2,000 US Disney visitors with children under 18 went into debt for their trip. But more than half of these parents had no regrets. Why is it? Disney is a big part of American culture. “Taking their kids to Disney is a tradition of passage (成长惯例), something they remember from their youth and want to experience with their kids,” said Matt Schulz, an expert at LendingTree. As Alyssa Leach, a 38-year-old mother, told The New York Times: “I’ll make more money, but my son will never be that young again.” High prices of food, bus and hotel rooms in the park are some of the reasons. For example, in July, a hotel room for a family could be between $182 (about 1,294 yuan) and $1,079 (about 7,673 yuan) per night. The habit of using credit cards (信用卡) to buy things also leads to the situation. For Disney World vacations, people in the US always put down $200 to hold their tickets and place to stay in Disney, and then pay the rest with credit cards. So they might find out after the trip that they go into debt, reported The New York Times. 1．What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? A．Disney Parks are not popular in the US. B．Disney Parks put a burden on many US families. C．Walt Disney World is only for children. D．Americans do not enjoy visiting Disney Parks. 2．What percentage (百分比) of the 2,000 US Disney visitors with children under 18 who went into debt had no regrets about it? A．55% B．45% C．50% D．18% 3．Why do many parents have no regrets about going into debt for a Disney trip? A．They can easily pay off the debt. B．They think it is important in kids’ lives. C．They want to show off their wealth. D．They get a discount on their next visit. 4．Which of the following is NOT a reason for the high financial burden of a Disney trip? A．The cost of food in the park. B．The price of bus tickets to the park. C．The cost of hotel rooms. D．The cost of flights to Florida. 5．What can we learn about the spending habits of Americans from the passage? A．Americans prefer to pay in cash for their entire trip. B．Americans save money for years before going to Disney World. C．Americans often use credit cards to pay for their Disney trips. D．Americans borrow money from friends instead of using credit cards. There is a place named Shark Bay (鲨鱼湾) in the western Australia. At least 28 kinds of sharks are swimming through the clear water there—the largest in the world. Especially tiger sharks are common visitors to Shark Bay. They move their 15-foot-long (4.5 meters) bodies through the seagrass, sometimes catching huge sea cows for a meal. Although tiger sharks are dangerous to them, they are important to the health of the ocean ecosystem (生态系统). In fact, they can also be our powerful friends in stopping climate change. It all comes back to the seagrass that moves with the waves in Shark Bay. The seagrass is food for the sea cows. Each eats about 40 kilograms of seagrass a day. By controlling the sea cow populations, tiger sharks in Shark Bay help the seagrass beds grow. A good seagrass bed stores twice as much CO2 per square mile as forests do on land. But in the world, tiger shark populations are becoming smaller, including some populations in Australia. Off Australia’s northeast coast of Queensland, it is said that tiger sharks have fallen by at least 71%, largely because of overfishing and bycatch (误捕). A reduction in tiger sharks means more seagrass eaten and less carbon kept in the ocean. In Shark Bay, the tiger sharks are able to achieve the balance by keeping sea cow populations down, and not all the bay’s seagrass is lost. But here comes the question: What if sharks disappeared from the bay? The need to understand how they support their ecosystems becomes even more urgent (紧迫的). 1．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 1? A．Tiger sharks eat sea cows. B．The tiger shark is the largest of its kind. C．A seagrass bed is about 4.5 meters long. D．Sea cows are harmful to the ocean ecosystem. 2．What does the underlined word “they” refer to? A．Visitors. B．Sea cows. C．Tiger sharks. D．Seagrass beds. 3．What’s the situation of tiger sharks? A．They are overfishing sea cows. B．They are moving out of Australia. C．Their populations are becoming smaller. D．Their living condition is becoming worse. 4．What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To give some information about sharks. B．To give some information about tiger sharks. C．To tell us there will be more sea cows in the future. D．To call on humans to take action to protect tiger sharks. Social media (社交媒体) has its good sides, but it can also bring some problems. Have you ever been bored and decided to check your We Chat moments, only to find out that your best friend is at the Great Wall or one of your classmates is eating delicious noodles at your favorite restaurant, or one of your basketball teammates is visiting the giant pandas in Sichuan? Have you had the feeling that others are enjoying life more than you are? If your answers are both “Yes”, you are experiencing FOMO—the fear of missing out. Researchers have found that over 75% of young people are experiencing FOMO from time to time. Social media is the main culprit for it. Because it is so easy today for people to see what their friends are doing, eating, buying and talking about. And they are afraid of missing out on important and new information when they are away from social networks. However, it is impossible for us to enjoy the same activities others are enjoying on social media. Failing to realize this truth, we often let FOMO lead us to compare our lives with those of others. This comparison leaves us feeling dissatisfied (不满的). However, our lives have both good and bad moments, but all we see on social media are the picture-perfect moments others share. FOMO also makes us check social media more often, which can cause feelings of sadness, loneliness and boredom. So what should we do if we have FOMO? Researchers advised that we face it and change our way of thinking. They also explained that taking part in social activities could help us realize that nothing bad was happening. What’s more, they suggested finding the joy in the present and not believing the unreal information or news on the Internet. “Take it as a chance to do what you really love, and turn your FOMO into your JOMO— joy of missing out,” one researcher said. 1．What is the main purpose of Paragraph 2? A．To show what FOMO is with examples. B．To find out if people suffer from FOMO. C．To ask questions about people’s daily lives. D．To give examples about people’s using social media. 2．Which one can replace the word “culprit” in Paragraph 3? A．purpose B．cause C．result D．problem 3．Why does social media make people feel dissatisfied according to paragraph 3? A．Because our lives have both good and bad moments. B．Because it leads us to compare our lives with those of others. C．Because it is impossible for us to make friends by social media. D．Because we can see the picture-prefect moments. 4．What are the right ways to deal with FOMO based on the last paragraph? ①Join a voluntary group. ②Accept what you are having now. ③Check your friends’ We Chat moments from time to time. ④Develop your hobbies. ⑤Stop believing the news on the Internet. A．③④⑤ B．②③⑤ C．①④⑤ D．①②④ 5．What can be the best title of this passage? A．Social media: Good or bad? B．FOMO: Friend or enemy? C．FOMO: Get out of it! D．Social media: Guard against it! Leaving the comfort of kindergarten and moving on to real school can be “frightening”. So, on their first day of school when entering the first grade, German children traditionally receive a cone-shaped (锥形的) bag. The bag, called the Schultite, is always filled with treats and toys to make starting school much sweeter. The tradition has a long history. In the early 19th century in Jena, children were told there was a candy tree in the teacher’s yard, and that when they were old enough to reach it, they could start school. From there the custom (习俗) spread to Berlin. Back then, the cone was simply a paper one—like those from candy stores—filled with sugary treats. After World War I, the custom spread south and west in Germany and many families started following it. One thing to remember: the Schultüte is always opened at home, not at school. This practice was especially meaningful during difficult times because parents couldn’t afford expensive gifts. Instead, the cone might hold some simple handmade gifts. At home, with no one else watching, the child could see how much care went into every little gift—each one saying, “I love you.” Today, parents in Germany still prepare the Schultüte, filling it with a mix of practical school supplies—like pencils, crayons and notebooks—along with small toys and sweets. Some parents choose to add surprises, such as colourful stickers, fun erasers, or a special book, while others prefer to keep it simple. It’s up to the parents to decide the contents (内容物). In a word, the Schultüte doesn’t need to be expensive but remains necessary, as it is a lovely tradition that celebrates a child’s growth. 1．What is the main purpose of the Schultüte tradition? A．To provide school supplies for kids. B．To celebrate the end of kindergarten. C．To praise kids for their good performances. D．To make kids less worried about the new start. 2．What is mainly discussed about the Schultüte tradition in Paragraph 2? A．Its important meanings. B．The way of celebrating it. C．Its historical development. D．The reason for its popularity. 3．Why was it meaningful to open the Schultüte at home in hard times? A．It could save a lot of money. B．It made kids feel loved. C．It helped parents hide gifts better. D．It stopped kids from showing off. 4．What do we know about the contents of the Schultüte? A．They show Kids’ preferences. B．They are based on some certain rules. C．They can be both useful and enjoyable. D．They should be shared among kids. 5．Why does the writer write the passage? A．To introduce the German tradition of Schultüte. B．To encourage parents to prepare the Schultüte for children. C．To compare the Schultüte tradition with other traditions in the world. D．To explain how German children feel when they receive the Schultüte. ①Numbers are everywhere in our world. They do much more than just count things. They help us understand life and solve difficult problems.Science & Health ②Numbers keep us safe and healthy. Builders use special numbers like 3.14 (π) to make strong bridges that won’t fall down. Doctors use numbers like 37℃ (normal body temperature) and 60-100 beats per minute (normal heartbeat) to check health. ▲ ③Numbers tell us about people. Did you know that Asia has around 4.8 billion people? That’s more than half of all people on Earth! Leaders use these numbers to decide how many schools to build. In bad times, numbers help decide how much food or medicine is needed. Stores even use numbers to know which products sell well.Everyday Uses ④We see numbers every day. When baking a cake, you need twice as much flour as sugar. At stores, a 20% discount means you can pay less money to buy the clothes. On the road, signs like “60 km/h tell drivers” the maximum speed. Dates also use numbers, like “June 26th”. ⑤There are also some fun facts about numbers. People think differently about some numbers. In China, people believe that the number 8 means good fortune. Meanwhile, in some Western countries, people think 13 is unlucky. ⑥Numbers help us describe everything—from small things to huge stars. They are the world’s special language. 1．Which of the following is best for “ ▲ ” ? A．Numbers in Art. B．Numbers for Fun. C．Numbers and Cultures. D．Numbers for Decisions. 2．Why do stores use numbers according to the passage? A．To find out popular products easily. B．To count how many products they have. C．To check if people pay the right money. D．To make the prices of their products higher. 3．What can we know according to Paragraph 4? A．We don’t need numbers when baking a cake. B．Clothes will be cheaper if there is a 20% discount. C．The number of people can decide how many schools to build. D．Numbers are useless for the drivers on the road. 4．Why do people like the number “8” in China? A．Because they believe that it is easy to write. B．Because they believe that it can help people make money. C．Because they believe that it can bring good luck. D．Because they believe that it can help people remember dates. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Numbers play important roles in different parts of life. B．Numbers help doctors and builders do their jobs well. C．Numbers have different meanings in different cultures. D．People use numbers to solve difficult scientific problems. Numbers are everywhere in our world. They do much more than just count things. They help us understand life and solve difficult problems. Science & Health Numbers keep us safe and healthy. Builders use special numbers like 3.14 (π) to make strong bridges that won’t fall down. Doctors use numbers like 37℃ (normal body temperature) and 60-100 beats per minute (normal heartbeat) to check health. ▲ Numbers tell us about people. Did you know that Asia has around 4.8 billion people? That’s more than half of all people on Earth! Leaders use these numbers to decide how many schools to build. In bad times, numbers help decide how much food or medicine is needed. Stores even use numbers to know which products sell well. Everyday Uses We see numbers every day. When baking a cake, you need twice as much flour as sugar. At stores, a 20% discount means you can pay less money. On the road, signs like “60 km/h” tell drivers the maximum speed. Dates also use numbers, like “June 26th”. There are also some fun facts about numbers. People think differently about some numbers. In China, people believe that the number 8 means good fortune. Meanwhile, in some Western countries, people think 13 is unlucky.      Numbers help us describe everything—from small things to huge stars. They are the world’s special language. 1．Which of the following is best for “ ▲ ”? A．Numbers in Art B．Numbers for Fun C．Numbers and Cultures D．Numbers for Decisions 2．Why do stores use numbers according to the passage? A．To find out popular products easily. B．To count how many products they have. C．To check if people pay the right money. D．To make the prices of their products higher. 3．Why do people like the number “8” in China? A．It is easy to write. B．It can help people make money. C．It can bring good luck. D．It can help people remember dates. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Numbers play important roles in different parts of life. B．Numbers help doctors and builders do their jobs well. C．Numbers have different meanings in different cultures. D．People use numbers to solve difficult scientific problems. 5．Where is this passage probably from? A．A sports news report. B．A guidebook for travelling. C．A magazine about daily science. D．An interesting storybook for kids. Do you know the numbers 0—9 well? They are Arabic numerals. People use them to mark numbers now. But it’s not the only number system that people use. About 2,500 years ago, people in Rome used their hands to count. In Roman numerals, one finger means 1, two fingers means 2, three fingers means 3, four fingers means 4. If you want to say five, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side. Make each of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. So in Rome, the numbers are “I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X”. Also, “L” means fifty, “C” means one hundred. “D” means five hundred and “M” means one thousand. But there is no zero in Roman numerals. Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see them on some watches and clocks. Today, most people use the Arabic numerals. They are easy to remember and write. They help people to count things every day. In fact, Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century, people in Arabic countries learned about them. Then the Arabic people took them into Europe. So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals. Today, people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot. 1．Which of the following means five in Roman numerals? A．L. B．M. C．V. D．X. 2．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Arabic numerals. B．Watches and clocks. C．Zero. D．Roman numerals. 3．What do we know about Arabic numerals? A．People in Rome didn’t use them. B．Arabic people taught the Indians about them. C．Only Arabic people use them today. D．“0” means “zero” in Arabic numerals. 4．Why are there few people using Roman numerals today? A．Because they are not easy to write and count. B．Because there are no Romans anymore. C．Because the numbers look stupid. D．Because they are hard to remember. 5．In what order did the following things happen? a. Arabic people learned about Arabic numerals. b. Indians created Arabic numerals. c. Arabic people took Arabic numerals into Europe. d. People all over the world use Arabic numerals. A．b—c—a—d B．b—a—c—d C．d—b—a—c D．d—c—b—a If you asked Chinese kids in the 1960s to name their idol (偶像), they might say Qian Xuesen or Lei Feng. Today’s kids, however, are saying really different names. In a survey named “Children’s idols and role models” made on March 2 by the China Youth Research Center, more than 70 percent of children saw sports and entertainment stars as their idols. Scientists and labor models, the idols of children in the 60s and 70s, only made up 2.3 percent and 0.4 percent. The survey was made among more than 6,400 primary and high school students. The top three idols are pop star Jay Chou, kungfu star Jackie Chan and pop singer Zhang Jie. Lei Feng came seventh and was the only name in the top 10 who was not a sports or entertainment star. Scientists in the list included Albert Einstein at 31 and Qian Xuesen at 45. They were together with entrepreneurs (企业家) like Alibaba CEO Ma Yun. The survey also suggested that modern kids draw a clear line between idols and role models. Of those interviewed, 82.2 percent thought “idols are for fun in daily life” while 91.7 percent thought role models offered “encouragement and inspiration”. Most kids named their peers (同辈) as their role models, although Lei Feng was the most mentioned role model for children. Cultural expert Zhu Dake said that modern children think of “idols” in terms of entertainment. He said that people should pay attention to the bad influence of too much commercialism (商业化) and entertainment on children’s growth. 1．Who might the children in the 1960s see as their idol? A．Jackie Chan. B．Zhang Jie. C．Qian Xuesen. D．Ma Yun. 2．What is the percentage of “scientists” in the result of the survey? A．0.4%. B．70%. C．30%. D．2.3%. 3．What do we learn about today’s kids from the results of the survey? A．Their idols are mostly film and singing stars. B．They’d like to learn from scientists. C．They are interested in making money. D．They admire entrepreneurs the most. 4．How do today’s kids understand “idols” and “role models”? A．They can learn nothing from their peers. B．Role models bring them inspiration. C．Their idols are also their role models. D．Lei Feng is no longer their idol. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The difference between idols and role models. B．Some bad influence of too much entertainment. C．A survey on idols and role models of modern kids. D．The best choices of idols and role models nowadays. Have you ever lost something in a hard-to-reach space, like behind a sofa or under the bed? Wouldn’t it be nice to just suck it up and get it out with a tool? Well, robots will soon make this possible. In a study, scientists from the University of Hong Kong and Carnegie Mellon University in the US have invented small robots that can quickly change into liquid states. They melted (熔化) into liquid and managed to get out of a locked cage during the tests, shocking the whole scientific community. According to the website Mashable, the scientists got the idea from sea cucumbers (海参), which can change the softness of their bodies and easily enter any place. The robots in the study were made from a soft metal, which has a low melting point of only 30°C． The scientists first placed the robot in a magnetic field (磁场). Thanks to the magnetic field, the robot can then be heated into a liquid form, allowing it to enter some hard-to-reach places. After that, by controlling the strength or direction of the magnetic field, the robot can be moved around in a controlled manner. Hopefully, these liquid robots can be widely used in different fields and will not disappoint us. They can help take out a foreign object from a model human stomach. Scientists can use them to repair a TV set by squeezing them into hard-to-reach areas inside the TV set. To prevent humans from being harmed, these robots can perform dangerous tasks in hard-to-reach environments, such as cleaning in nuclear power plants (核电站). “What we’re showing are just ideas that need to be developed further,” said Carmel Majidi of Carnegie Mellon University. “The goal of our future research is to put these liquid robots to use in real-life situations more quickly. We are very confident about achieving this goal.” 1．The writer started the passage by ________. A．giving examples B．telling stories C．comparing facts D．asking questions 2．The liquid robot works in the order of ________. a. It is heated into a liquid form.            b. It is put in a magnetic field. c. The magnetic field is used to move robots.        d. It enters some hard-to-reach places. A．a-c-d-b B．a-b-c-d C．b-a-d-c D．d-b-a-c 3．This passage mainly wants to tell us ________. A．what liquid robots can do now and in the future B．why scientists invented liquid robots C．where small liquid robots are invented D．how liquid robots work in a magnetic field 4．The passage is written in a(n) ________ tone (语气). A．disappointed B．humorous C．confident D．angry ①Since the birth of AI robots, many people have been hoping these smart machines would help us with boring chores. Robots on show at the 2024 World Robot Conference showed that tech companies want to make this happen. ②“People are looking for smarter and more humanized robots,” said Meng Yuan, the boss of DEEP Robotics, who joined in the conference. “We don’t want to spend much time giving orders or controlling them. They can do this by themselves.” Meng said. ③Take the company’s robot dog X30, for example. The robot dog can understand its environment and move around without hitting things. The X30 uses built-in cameras and laser radars (激光雷达) to collect information. It then processes (处理) this information, breaking it down into smaller tasks. After deciding on the skills involved in the mission, the robot chooses skills from its skill set to perform these tasks. Developers at DEEP Robotics explained that the robot’s autonomous behaviors (自主行为) and improvement come about through real-life learning and training, not just from remembering “the rules”. ④The X30 has recently become a household name at Zhejiang University, where it is busy helping students carry their heavy bags across the university. Robot dogs like this one are becoming real helpers in our daily lives. ⑤Atribot S1, another humanoid robot, showed its humanization during the conference through its amazing “hands”. Many were shocked to see it skillfully perform Chinese calligraphy (书法) and dulcimer (扬琴). Atribot S1 also learned how to clean the bottom of a teapot with a cloth. ⑥“The fast growth of generative (生成的) AI, such as ChatGPT, will give humanoid robots a real ‘soul’, improving their decision-making abilities,” Ren C． Luo, a professor from Taiwan, said. ⑦However, as Luo pointed out, “the percentage of real application (应用) of generative AI on robots is now less than 5 percent. There is still a lot of room for improvement.” 1．What is the advantage of the smarter robots according to Meng Yuan? A．Smaller size. B．Less human control. C．Lower cost. D．More real applications. 2．In what order does the robot dog X30 work? a. The robot chooses skills from its skill set.    b. The robot processes the information. c. The robot collects information.    d. The robot performs the task. A．abcd B．cbad C．acdb D．cdba 3．What can be inferred about the X30 robot from the passage? A．It will completely replace human jobs in a short time. B．It learns through real-life learning and training as well as the rules. C．It can perform all difficult tasks without human control. D．It will come up with a better way to carry the bags after doing this more times. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期中复习之阅读理解20篇 （期中考试单元话题） 本资料共20篇专题训练，记叙文和说明文各10篇。从上到下按照难度分层训练 题号 难度 知识点 1 较易 友谊,记叙文 2 较易 阅读,爱好,记叙文 3 较易 其他人,记叙文 4 较易 爱好,记叙文 5 较易 哲理感悟,记叙文,个人经历 6 适中 文学家,记叙文 7 适中 考古发现,记叙文 8 适中 寓言童话,记叙文,文学名著 9 适中 其他人,志愿服务,记叙文 10 适中 叙事忆旧,记叙文 11 适中 科普知识,说明文 12 适中 濒危生物,说明文 13 适中 合作与交流,说明文 14 适中 外国文化,说明文,礼仪与习俗 15 较难 数字与数据,说明文 16 较难 科普知识,说明文 17 较难 数字与数据,科普知识,说明文 18 较难 青少年问题,说明文 19 较难 科学技术,发明与创造,说明文 20 较难 科学技术,说明文 记叙文10篇 I am Barbara Sloan, 51 years old. I want to share my experience about an unusual friendship. How many friendships last for decades without meeting? That’s what happened between me and my French pen friend Michele. We began writing to each other as teenagers, but 36 years passed before we met face-to-face. I started looking for pen friends because I was the only child in my family and I felt lonely. I still remember when my father brought me an envelope containing (包含) Michele’s first letter and photo. Over the years, we exchanged family pictures, gifts, and souvenirs. In 1972, I married Alan, a decorator. Michele sent me a golden necklace as a wedding gift. When my children Lindsey, Duncan and Robert were born, she sent presents every Christmas. In November 1998, while wrapping Michele’s Christmas present, Lindsey suggested, “Why don’t you visit her?” A few weeks later, I wrote to Michele proposing a visit. The next year, I flew to France. At the airport, after waiting anxiously, a blonde woman called out, “Barbara?” I responded, “Michele?” We hugged tightly and spent a wonderful week together. I considered staying longer, but Alan called to say Robert was ill, so I returned home. Two years later, Michele wrote that she was planning to visit Britain. Alan and I went to the airport but waited in vain. Concerned, Alan called Michele’s home. Her husband told us she had died in an accident hours before her flight. I was devastated (悲痛欲绝的) and stopped speaking for two weeks. Later, I continued writing letters to Michele’s family as if she were still alive. 1．How does the writer begin the text? A．By asking a question. B．By introducing herself. C．By describing a place. D．By telling a funny story. 2．What is the main reason Barbara started looking for pen friends? A．She wanted to learn French. B．She liked collecting photos and gifts. C．She felt lonely. D．She enjoyed writing letters to strangers. 3．Why did Barbara return home from France earlier than planned? A．Because she missed her husband Alan. B．Because Michele had to leave for work. C．Because her son Robert was sick. D．Because she ran out of money. 4．What is the correct order of the following events? ①Michele sent Barbara a wedding gift. ②Barbara met Michele in France. ③Michele died in an accident. ④Barbara married Alan. A．④①②③ B．①④②③ C．④②①③ D．①②④③ 5．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To explain how to find pen friends. B．To describe a trip to France. C．To share a special friendship story. D．To teach about writing letters. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了作者与法国笔友Michele长达数十年的特殊友谊，从书信往来到最后见面的经历，以及Michele意外去世后作者的悲痛。 1．细节理解题。根据“I am Barbara Sloan, 51 years old. I want to share my experience about an unusual friendship.”可知，作者以自我介绍的方式开始这篇文章。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“I started looking for pen friends because I was the only child in my family and I felt lonely.”可知，Barbara开始寻找笔友的原因是因为她感到孤独。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“I considered staying longer, but Alan called to say Robert was ill, so I returned home.”可知，是因为儿子Robert生病了，所以提前返回家。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“In 1972, I married Alan, a decorator. Michele sent me a golden necklace as a wedding gift.”可知，先是Barbara嫁给Alan，Michele送给她一份结婚礼物；根据“The next year, I flew to France.”可知，之后是Barbara飞往法国见Michele；根据“Her husband told us she had died in an accident hours before her flight.”可知，最后是Michele死于事故。因此正确的顺序是④①②③。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“I want to share my experience about an unusual friendship.”及全文可知，本文是作者分享了自己与法国笔友Michele长达数十年的特殊友谊。故选C。 When I was a child, my parents read bedtime stories to my sister and me each night. It is one of my favourite childhood memories. My sister and I had many books. As I grew older, I enjoyed staying in my father’s “library” and would read for hours each day. To make me play with friends like other kids, my parents would have to take books away from me.   I see reading as an important part of my life, not a hobby to pass my time. For me, reading opens up a whole new world. It encourages new ideas, increases my knowledge, and makes me an everyday learner. Although I enjoy communicating with people, I’m an introverted person and really need my alone time. Last year, I had several experiences that began to make me feel worried about my being shy, and I felt that it would make me lose many chances. Around this time, I read Susan Cain’s book Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can’t Stop Talking. This book helped me understand myself. And I’m not afraid to be myself. Charlie Jones says, “You will be the same person in five years as you are today except for the people you meet and the books you read.” I’ve met great people and travelled around the world — all from my chair or bed with a book in my hands. 1．One of the writer’s favourite childhood memories was ________. A．watching TV with her sister B．travelling around the world C．communicating with people D．listening to her parents read bedtime stories 2．Why would the writer’s parents stop her from reading? A．Because she might lose her friends because of reading. B．Because she liked reading books very much. C．Because they wanted her to read her own books. D．Because they thought it didn’t help her with study. 3．What does the writer think of reading? A．A good way to learn new skills. B．A favourite hobby in her free time. C．An activity that makes her popular. D．A bridge between the world and herself. 4．From the fourth paragraph, we can learn that an introverted person is ________. A．outgoing B．lazy C．careless D．shy 5．The writer met great people and travelled around the world by ________. A．writing letters to the great people B．making friends with others C．reading books in her chair or on her bed D．going sightseeing in every holiday 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了作者从小爱好阅读，通过阅读不仅获取了知识，也在内向性格中找到自我认同，并通过书本开阔了视野，领略到世界的广阔及与人相遇的奇妙。 1．细节理解题。根据“When I was a child, my parents read bedtime stories to my sister and me each night. It is one of my favourite childhood memories”可知，作者最喜欢的童年记忆之一是听父母读睡前故事，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“To make me play with friends like other kids, my parents would have to take books away from me”可知，父母阻止作者读书是为了不让她因为读书而失去朋友，故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“I see reading as an important part of my life, not a hobby to pass my time. For me, reading opens up a whole new world.”可知，阅读为作者打开了一个全新的世界，所以推断，作者认为阅读是将世界与自己连接的桥梁，故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“I’m an introverted person and really need my alone time”和“Last year, I had several experiences that began to make me feel worried about my being shy.... I read Susan Cain’s book Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can’t Stop Talking. This book helped me understand myself. And I’m not afraid to be myself.”可知，内向的人比较害羞，故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“I’ve met great people and travelled around the world — all from my chair or bed with a book in my hands”可知，作者通过在椅子或床上阅读书籍与伟人相遇并环游世界，故选C。 Once upon a time, a wise Greek man named Thales came to Egypt. Thales was good at maths. He also loved solving puzzles and finding out how things worked. One day, he visited the Great Pyramid. It was the tallest building he had ever seen. After enjoying its beauty, he wondered how tall the pyramid was. He asked the locals, but nobody knew. Thales thought about this question day and night. One night, when he was enjoying the moonlight, he came to realize that everything has a shadow when the sun shines. An idea hit him, “If I can measure (测量) the pyramid’s shadow, I can figure out its height!” So, Thales waited patiently until the sun was just right. He stood next to the pyramid and measured his own shadow. Then, he measured the pyramid’s shadow. Thales was about 6 feet tall, and his shadow was 2 feet long. The ratio (比例) was 3:1. The pyramid’s shadow was much longer, about 120 feet. Thales realized that the pyramid’s height equals 120 multiplied by 3. Finally, at lunchtime, Thales declared the Great Pyramid’s height—______ feet. Everyone was amazed. Thales used his wisdom to solve the puzzle. 1．Where did Thales come from? A．Egypt. B．Greek. C．China. D．Italy. 2．What does the underlined word “figure out” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Work out. B．Run out. C．Check out. D．Carry out. 3．When did Thales start to measure? A．At night. B．In the afternoon. C．In the morning. D．At noon. 4．Which number should be put onto ______ in the last paragraph? A．40. B．120. C．123. D．360. 5．What can we learn from Thales? A．Two heads are better than one. B．Practise makes perfect. C．Intelligence comes from thinking. D．It is never too old to learn. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了一位名叫泰勒斯的希腊人如何通过测量金字塔和他自己的影子，使用比例的方法计算金字塔高度的故事，展示了他的智慧和对数学的应用。 1．细节理解题。根据“a wise Greek man named Thales came to Egypt” 可知，Thales来自希腊。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“If I can measure the pyramid’s shadow, I can figure out its height!”可知，Thales想通过测量影子来“计算出”金字塔的高度。“figure out”在此处有“弄清楚，计算出”的意思，故选 A。 3．推理判断题。根据“One night, when he was enjoying the moonlight, he came to realize that everything has a shadow when the sun shines”和“So, Thales waited patiently until the sun was just right. He stood next to the pyramid and measured his own shadow. Then, he measured the pyramid’s shadow... Finally, at lunchtime... ”可知是在上午测量的，接着中午宣布高度，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“The pyramid’s shadow was much longer, about 120 feet. Thales realized that the pyramid’s height equals 120 multiplied by 3.”可知，金字塔的高度是120乘以3，即360英尺。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据文中Thales通过观察和思考解决问题的过程可知，智慧来源于思考。故选C。 Many sports stars believe something can bring them good luck. Some of them like to wear their lucky clothes, some like special numbers and some do special things for good luck on the day of an important game. Next I’ll give you some examples. Serena Williams, a tennis player, ties her shoelaces (鞋带) in the same way before every game. She usually wears the same socks in all games. She also has lucky shoes and likes having a dress with her. Another tennis star, Rafael Nadal, puts two water bottles in the same place next to the tennis field before every game. When he wins a competition, he always bites the trophy (咬奖杯). The Spanish football player, Fernando Torres, always has three shirts, three pairs of shorts and three pairs of shoes in his sports bag. Kolo Touré is always the last player going onto the football field before games. He believes that numbers like 11, 22 or 33 on a player’s shirt can bring the player good luck. He also thinks it is unlucky to change the numbers when he goes to another team. One racing driver, Sebastian Vettel, doesn’t have a special thing to do but he has lucky things. He has a necklace (项链) and a little toy pig! They are surely special to him. 1．How many sports stars does the passage write about? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．Which number may Fernando Torres like? A．3. B．4. C．11. D．22. 3．What won’t Kolo Touré do if he goes to another team? A．He won’t wear the same shorts. B．He won’t take many shirts. C．He won’t change his number. D．He won’t wear the same socks. 4．What CANNOT we know from the passage? A．What players do to bring them good luck. B．What Rafael Nadal does. C．Where Sebastian Vettel comes from. D．Which numbers Kolo Tour e likes. 5．What’s the passage mainly about? A．What the most popular way to bring players good luck is. B．Players have different ways to bring themselves good luck. C．How players win competitions by bringing something special. D．Why different players take different things to games. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了几个运动员为了给自己带来好运而做的事情。 1．细节理解题。根据“Serena Williams, a tennis player, ties her shoelaces (鞋带) in the same way before every game.”、“Another tennis star, Rafael Nadal, puts two water bottles in the same place next to the tennis field before every game.”、“The Spanish football player, Fernando Torres, always has three shirts, three pairs of shorts and three pairs of shoes in his sports bag. Kolo Touré is always the last player going onto the football field before games.”、“One racing driver, Sebastian Vettel, doesn’t have a special thing to do but he has lucky things.”可知，文章一共写了五个体育明星。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“The Spanish football player, Fernando Torres, always has three shirts, three pairs of shorts and three pairs of shoes in his sports bag.”可推知，费米诺·托雷斯可能喜欢数字“3”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“He believes that numbers like 11, 22 or 33 on a player’s shirt can bring the player good luck.”可知，如果科洛·图雷尔去另一支球队，他不会改变他的号码。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“One racing driver, Sebastian Vettel, doesn’t have a special thing to do but he has lucky things. He has a necklace (项链) and a little toy pig! They are surely special to him.”可知，文章没有提到塞巴斯蒂安·维特尔来自哪里。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据“Many sports stars believe something can bring them good luck. Some of them like to wear their lucky clothes, some like special numbers and some do special things for good luck on the day of an important game.”可知，本文主要讲述了为什么不同的运动员为了给自己带来好运而做的不同的事情。故选D。 ①One morning, I got up early and decided to make an apple pie for my mum. I called my grandma for help, followed a TV program to make jam and waited excitedly. I enjoyed every step so much that I didn’t notice three hours pass by. Although the pie looked terrible and was not that delicious, Mum ate it up and told me it was the best pie that she had ever had. For the first time, I realized that although I made a terrible pie, I really enjoyed the process (过程). ②The process is important because it brings us something bigger than the result itself. That is, we always have new experiences during the process, which may help us improve our skills or form good relationships with others. If we just concentrate on the result and do not enjoy the process, we will be more likely to feel disappointed and want to give up. As a result, we will never understand the real meaning of success. ③But in this busy world, we see many successful people are in competition. How can we enjoy the process? Well, the question has the answer in itself. ④Don’t always compare yourself with others. Success means different things to us. For some, success means being famous, while for others, it may be health or power. ⑤Slow down. You need to stop expecting immediate results in what you do and learn to be patient. Impatience leads to unhappiness. Do it slowly, but never stop. ⑥Reward yourself. Divide the process into small steps, and give yourself a reward after completing each of them. 1．How does the writer start the article? A．By giving an example. B．By using old sayings. C．By comparing facts. D．By listing numbers. 2．What do the underlined words “concentrate on” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Point out. B．Pay attention to. C．Make up. D．Get ready for. 3．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A．①/②/③④⑤/⑥ B．①/②/③④/⑤⑥ C．①/②/③/④⑤⑥ D．①/②/③/④⑤/⑥ 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The author made an apple pie alone. B．Mum ate the pie up because it was very delicious. C．The process is important because it just helps us improve our skills. D．There are three pieces of advice on how to enjoy the process. 5．Which could be the best title for the text? A．Enjoy the process B．What does success mean to us? C．Never give up D．How can we achieve good results? 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章通过作者制作苹果派的经历，引出过程的重要性，并详细阐述了享受过程的重要性，以及如何在忙碌的世界中享受过程，给出了具体的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“One morning, I got up early and decided to make an apple pie for my mum. I called my grandma for help, followed a TV program to make jam and waited excitedly.”可知，作者通过讲述自己为妈妈制作苹果派的经历来引入文章主题。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“If we just concentrate on the result and do not enjoy the process, we will be more likely to feel disappointed and want to give up.”可知，如果我们只关注结果而不享受过程，我们很可能会感到失望并想放弃。根据语境可以推断出“concentrate on”在此处的意思是“关注，注意”。故选B。 3．篇章结构题。文章第一段通过作者制作苹果派的经历引出主题；第二段阐述过程的重要性；第三段提出如何在忙碌的世界中享受过程的问题；第四、五、六段分别给出了具体的建议。因此，文章的结构为①/②/③/④⑤⑥。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第四、五、六段“Don’t always compare yourself with others...Slow down...Reward yourself.”可知，文章给出了三条关于如何享受过程的建议，即不要总是和别人比较、放慢速度、奖励自己。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。文章通过作者制作苹果派的经历，强调了过程的重要性，并给出了如何享受过程的建议。因此，文章的最佳标题应该是与“享受过程”相关的。选项A“享受过程”最符合文章主旨。故选A。 Lanaston Hughes was one of the most important American poets of the he loved century. He wrote poems, novels, short stories, plays and children’s books. He loved writing about the life and dreams of black people. Langston Hughes was born in Joplin,Missouri in 1902. When he was was very young, his grandmother read in him from books, newspapers and magazines. But when Langston came back home from school, she made him stay inside. He had no one to play with, so books were his only friends. When he was in Grade Eight, he was chosen to be a class poet. His career as a writer began. After Langston graduated from high school, he went to Columbia University in New York City, but he didn’t like the university because white people there treated him badly. One year later, he decided to leave and travel around the world. He found a job on a boat going to Africa. He wrote poems and articles o it. He sent them to magazines in the United States. Some magazines published his writing. Then Langston made a living by writing. He also helped other black writers get stories and poems published. When he had money, Langston travelled around the world again.Whenever he went, he wrote and read his poems aloud. Finally, back in the United States, he became a poetry teacher at different universities. Langston Hughes died in 1967. Today people around the world still read his poems. 1．Langston Hughes was most famous for his ________. A．short stories B．novels C．children’s books D．poems 2．Langston Hughes didn’t like Columbia University because ________. A．He didn’t want to study. B．He was one of the black people. C．He wanted to travel and write. D．White people wasn’t friendly to him. 3．Langston Hughes’ career as a writer began ________. A．when he was very young B．in high school C．in Grade Eight D．on the boat 4．Which of the following is NOT true about Langston Hughes? A．He read a lot of books in his childhood. B．He studied in Columbia University for only one year. C．He taught black people to write short stories at different universities. D．He died at the age of 65. 5．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Langston Fughes—a great American poet B．How to be a successful poet C．Love reading from an early age D．The poems of Langston Hughes 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲的就是Langston Hughes这位伟大的诗人的一生。 1．细节理解题。根据“Lanaston Hughes was one of the most important American poets of the he loved century.”可知，Lanaston Hughes以他的诗最为著名，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“After Langston graduated from high school, he went to Columbia University in New York City, but he didn’t like the university because white people there treated him badly.”可知，Langston不喜欢哥伦比亚大学因为那里的白人对他很不好，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“When he was in Grade Eight, he was chosen to be a class poet. His career as a writer began.”可知，他八年级开始，他的写作生涯开始了，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Finally, back in the United States, he became a poetry teacher at different universities.”可知，他在大学教书，不一定只有黑人学生。C选项描述不正确，故选C。 5．最佳标题题。根据全文可知，这篇文章主要讲的就是Langston Hughes 这位伟大的诗人的一生。因此选项A“Langston Fughes——一位伟大的美国诗人”最适合作为文章标题，故选A。 “What is that?” “It looks like a fossil (化石).” “It looks part-human.” “It can’t be...” The words “animal” and “human” were discussed by the archaeologists (考古学家). “What if it’s neither human nor animal? What if it’s something we haven’t discovered yet?” I said. There was silence. Paul said, “I think you might be right, Jack. It isn’t an animal we know of. It’s not human. What else could it be?” The other scientists headed back to their computers to begin researching. Paul and I continued to look at the fossil closely. It seemed that the creature (生物) was smaller than a human, and could stand on two legs. The next morning, I ran to the fossil. The fossil was different! Now it looked like a small bear. “What happened?” I asked. Everyone had a puzzled look on their faces and no one had an answer. When night fell, we set up a rotation (轮班) to make sure two of us were with the fossil at all times. All was quiet for my watch (值班) at midnight. In the morning, I went to the fossil. It had changed again! This time it looked like a sheep. No one had seen or heard anything on their watch. How and why did it keep changing? To this day, no one has found the answer to the changes. 1．What were the archaeologists discussing? A．How old the fossil was. B．What animal’s fossil it was. C．Whether it was a fossil of a human or an animal. D．What if the creature was something they hadn’t discovered. 2．After the other scientists left, Paul and Jack _________. A．continued to talk B．ran a test together C．looked at the fossil closely D．worked on their computers 3．The underlined word “puzzled” means “_________” in Chinese. A．尴尬的 B．气愤的 C．难过的 D．疑惑的 4．What situation are the archaeologists facing? A．The fossil went missing. B．The fossil kept changing. C．The fossil was strange in shape. D．The fossil made the scientists dream a lot. 5．Where can we probably find the passage? A．In sports news. B．In a scientific report. C．In a fashion magazine. D．In an archaeologist’s public speech. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文讲述的是考古学家针对一块奇怪的化石进行的讨论以及化石的变化。 1．细节理解题。根据“The words ‘animal’ and ‘human’ were discussed by the archaeologists (考古学家).”可知，考古学家们正在争论它是人类化石还是动物化石。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Paul and I continued to look at the fossil closely.”可知，其他科学家离开后，Paul和“我”仔细观察了化石。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“no one had an answer.”可知，没有人有答案，因此此处表示每个人都很疑惑，划线部分puzzled意为“疑惑的”。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“How and why did it keep changing? To this day, no one has found the answer to the changes.”可知，考古学家面临着化石一直在变的局面。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“The words ‘animal’ and ‘human’ were discussed by the archaeologists (考古学家).”及通读全文可知，本文介绍的是考古学家对一块化石的讨论，故推测出在科学报告中能够读到。故选B。 Once upon a time there was a prince, and he wanted to marry (娶) a princess, and she would have to be a real princess. The prince travelled all round the world to find one, but it was so difficult that nowhere could he find what he wanted. One evening, a terrible storm came. Suddenly a knocking was heard at the gate, and the old Queen went to open the door. It was a princess standing out there before the gate. The water ran down from her hair and her clothes. And yet she said that she was a real princess. “Well, we’ll soon find that out,” thought the old Queen. But she said nothing. She went into the bedroom, took all the bedding off the bedstead (床架), and laid a pea (豌豆) at the bottom. Then she took twenty mattresses (褥垫) and laid them on the pea, and then twenty eiderdowns (鸭绒被) on top of the mattresses. On this, the princess lay all night. In the morning, she was asked how she had slept. “Oh, very badly! I have hardly closed my eyes all night.” said the princess. “Only heaven knows what was in the bed, and I was lying on something hard, so that I am black and blue all over my body.” Now they knew that she was a real princess, because she had felt the pea right through the twenty mattresses and the twenty eiderdowns. So the prince took her for his wife, for now he knew that he had a real princess. 1．Finding a princess is ________ for the prince. A．easy B．difficult C．quick D．slow 2．How was the princess’ sleep that night? A．Relaxing. B．Long. C．Good. D．Bad. 3．How could they know that the girl was a real princess? A．She liked to eat anything even peas. B．She could feel the pea through twenty mattresses. C．She needed twenty mattresses during her sleep. D．She could know the weather. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The story happened at the princess’ house. B．The prince finally married the real princess. C．The prince and the princess were good friends. D．The queen didn’t like the princess at all. 5．What is the best name of the story? A．The Princess and the Pea B．The Princess and the Prince C．The Princess and the Queen D．The Princess and the Storm 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文讲述了《豌豆公主》这个童话故事，一位王子通过一粒豌豆找到了真正的公主。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The prince travelled all round the world to find one, but it was so difficult that nowhere could he find what he wanted.”可知，找到公主对于王子来说很难。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“‘Oh, very badly! I have hardly closed my eyes all night.’ said the princess.”可知，公主一整晚都没有合眼，即睡得不好。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Now they knew that she was a real princess, because she had felt the pea right through the twenty mattresses and the twenty eiderdowns.”可知，他们知道她是一个真正的公主，因为她可以透过20层褥垫感受到豌豆的存在。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“So the prince took her for his wife, for now he knew that he had a real princess.”可知，王子最后娶了这个公主。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。阅读全文可知，本文讲述了一位王子通过一粒豌豆找到了真正的公主的故事。“公主与豌豆”是这个故事最合适的名字。故选A。 When Claire Vlases of Montana was in Grade 7, she learned about plans to modernize (使现代化) her middle school. Claire asked the school board (董事会) to add solar panels (太阳电池板) to the project because, she believed, clean energy would be helpful to a really modern school. The board liked the idea but said it could offer just $25, 000. It was only one-fifth of the cost of the solar panels. So Claire organized a group of kids and grown-ups to try to get the rest. They sold their second-hand books, put on talent shows and asked for donations (捐赠), even going door-to-door for them. One donated more than half the cost! After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels, which now provide one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs-saving thousands of dollars for the neighborhood. “My favorite part about this project was that one person could start something small and then the project could grow and have a big influence on the community (社群),” Claire said. “There are always going to be hard parts. But never forget why you set off. Make a determined effort to stick to your goal. When there’s a challenge in front of you, you can learn from it and use it as chance to improve yourself.” 1．How much money did the solar panels cost? ________ A．$25, 000. B．$100, 000. C．$125, 000. D．$5, 000. 2．Which picture shows the change of the electricity cost after the use of solar panels? ________ A． B． C． D． 3．Which is the right order of the following events? ________ a. Claire organized a group of people to get the rest of the money. b. The board agreed but there was not enough money for adding solar panels. c. Claire and her group paid for the solar panels. d. Claire asked the school board to add solar panels to help the school save energy. A．a—b—c—d B．d—c—b—a C．b—d—a—c D．d—b—a—c 4．From Claire’s words in the last paragraph, we learn that ________ A．Hard work was her favorite. B．The project went smoothly. C．A small thing makes a big difference. D．Solar panels cost a big deal. 5．What would be the best title for the text? ________ A．A Dependent Girl B．A Modern School C．Don’t Waste Energy D．Never Give Up 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了七年级学生Claire Vlases为建立真正的现代化的学校，建议在项目中加入太阳能电池板，董事会资金不够，她组织活动筹集资金，最终太阳能电池板节省了很多电费，通过这件事情告诉我们；当面临挑战时，我们可以从中学习，并将其作为提升自己的机会。 1．细节理解题。根据“The board liked the idea but said it could offer just $25, 000. It was only one-fifth of the cost of the solar panels.”可知，25000美元仅仅是太阳能电池板成本的五分之一，所以太阳能电池板成本为125000美元。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels, which now provide one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs-saving thousands of dollars for the neighborhood.”可知，太阳能电池板现在提供了学校四分之一的电力需求，为社区节省了数千元，也就是说安装了太阳能电池板以后，费用在逐步降低。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Claire asked the school board (董事会) to add solar panels (太阳电池板) to the project because, she believed, clean energy would be helpful to a really modern school.”、“The board liked the idea but said it could offer just $25, 000. It was only one-fifth of the cost of the solar panels.”、“So Claire organized a group of kids and grown-ups to try to get the rest.”及“After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels”可知，正确的顺序是：Claire建议增加太阳能板来帮助学校节约能源；董事会同意了但没有足够的资金来增加太阳能电池板；Claire组织人们筹集资金；Claire和她的团队得到了足够的捐款来购买太阳能电池板。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“‘My favorite part about this project was that one person could start something small and then the project could grow and have a big influence on the community (社群),’ Claire said.”可知，从Claire的话中我们可以知道小事情可以产生重大的影响。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，Claire为了帮助学校安装太阳能电池板，她组织活动筹集资金，他们坚持不懈，永不放弃，最终太阳能电池板节省了很多电费，选项D“永不放弃”符合本文标题。故选D。 During the Jin Dynasty (265—420), there was a child named Che Yin. He was smart and loved to read. He grew up in a poor family and didn’t have enough money for lamp oil to study at night. One night, he saw fireflies (萤火虫) outside his house and came up with an idea. He caught some fireflies in a cloth bag and hung the bag up as a lamp. It is said that he spent all of his summer nights reading like this. Another child named Sun Kang also loved reading. One night during winter, Sun used up all his lamp oil and couldn’t study at night. When he woke up at night, he saw the snow reflecting (反射) the moonlight outside his house. “Oh, I can use the reflected light to read!” he thought. He took out his books and read, even though he was freezing cold. Both of the kids later became successful government officials (政府官员). People were moved because of their hard-working spirit (精神) and turned their stories into the Chinese idiom (成语) nangying yingxue. Present Xi Jinping once told these stories at the Party School of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央党校). He talked about nangying yingxue, xuanliang cigu and zaobi touguang. All of these stories encourage people to study hard even though they will meet difficulties. Xi hopes that government officials can keep this hard-working spirit in mind. All of us can learn a lot from these stories. Although they don’t take place in modern times, they are just like the light of fireflies—they light up the road to knowledge. 1．Why did Che Yin collect fireflies? A．Because fireflies are bright enough for him to read. B．Because he wanted to do an experiment. C．Because he wanted to play with them for fun. D．Because he wanted to show them to his friends. 2．What did Che Yin and Sun Kang have in common? A．They liked nature and animals. B．They were rich and they liked to read. C．They worked very hard and became successful. D．They became teachers. 3．How many idioms are mentioned in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 4．What is the purpose of President Xi Jinping to talk about the stories? A．He hopes that government officials can read more books. B．He hopes that government officials can keep the hard-working spirit in mind. C．He hopes that more people can become government officials. D．He hopes that all people can learn more knowledge. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Read More and Become Successful B．Work Hard at Night C．Road to Knowledge D．Old Stories, Hard-working Spirits 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了车胤和孙康艰难求学的故事，激励人们克服困难，努力学习。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“He caught some fireflies in a cloth bag and hung the bag up as a lamp. It is said that he spent all of his summer nights reading like this.”可知，车胤收集萤火虫的目的是因为萤火虫够亮，他可以看书。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Both of the kids later became successful government officials. People were moved because of their hard-working spirit and turned their stories into the Chinese idiom nangying yingxue.”可知，他们的共同点是非常努力并取得了成功。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段“He talked about nangying yingxue, xuanliang cigu and zaobi touguang.”可知，文章提到了“囊萤映雪”、“悬梁刺股”和“凿壁偷光”三个成语。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据第五段“All of these stories encourage people to study hard even though they will meet difficulties. Xi hopes that government officials can keep this hard-working spirit in mind.”可知，他希望政府官员保持这种艰苦奋斗的精神。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。综合全文可知，文章主要讲了车胤和孙康艰难求学的故事，激励人们克服困难，努力学习；选项D“老故事，艰苦奋斗的精神”适合作为文章的标题。故选D。 说明文10篇 A large number of people visit Disney Park in Florida, US, on July 14. Visiting Disney Parks has placed a heavy financial burden (经济负担) on many US families. Walt Disney World is an amazing place for many people in the US. However, for some, this dream place is making them go into a lot of debt (债务). According to the US website LendingTree, 45 percent of over 2,000 US Disney visitors with children under 18 went into debt for their trip. But more than half of these parents had no regrets. Why is it? Disney is a big part of American culture. “Taking their kids to Disney is a tradition of passage (成长惯例), something they remember from their youth and want to experience with their kids,” said Matt Schulz, an expert at LendingTree. As Alyssa Leach, a 38-year-old mother, told The New York Times: “I’ll make more money, but my son will never be that young again.” High prices of food, bus and hotel rooms in the park are some of the reasons. For example, in July, a hotel room for a family could be between $182 (about 1,294 yuan) and $1,079 (about 7,673 yuan) per night. The habit of using credit cards (信用卡) to buy things also leads to the situation. For Disney World vacations, people in the US always put down $200 to hold their tickets and place to stay in Disney, and then pay the rest with credit cards. So they might find out after the trip that they go into debt, reported The New York Times. 1．What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? A．Disney Parks are not popular in the US. B．Disney Parks put a burden on many US families. C．Walt Disney World is only for children. D．Americans do not enjoy visiting Disney Parks. 2．What percentage (百分比) of the 2,000 US Disney visitors with children under 18 who went into debt had no regrets about it? A．55% B．45% C．50% D．18% 3．Why do many parents have no regrets about going into debt for a Disney trip? A．They can easily pay off the debt. B．They think it is important in kids’ lives. C．They want to show off their wealth. D．They get a discount on their next visit. 4．Which of the following is NOT a reason for the high financial burden of a Disney trip? A．The cost of food in the park. B．The price of bus tickets to the park. C．The cost of hotel rooms. D．The cost of flights to Florida. 5．What can we learn about the spending habits of Americans from the passage? A．Americans prefer to pay in cash for their entire trip. B．Americans save money for years before going to Disney World. C．Americans often use credit cards to pay for their Disney trips. D．Americans borrow money from friends instead of using credit cards. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要讨论了美国迪士尼乐园对许多家庭造成的经济负担。 1．段落大意题。根据“A large number of people visit Disney Park in Florida, US, on July 14. Visiting Disney Parks has placed a heavy financial burden (经济负担) on many US families. Walt Disney World is an amazing place for many people in the US. However, for some, this dream place is making them go into a lot of debt (债务).”可知，本段陈述了参观迪士尼乐园给许多美国家庭带来了沉重的经济负担，后续补充“部分家庭因此负债”，均围绕“迪士尼导致许多美国家庭背负经济负担和债务”展开。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“According to the US website LendingTree, 45 percent of over 2,000 US Disney visitors with children under 18 went into debt for their trip. But more than half of these parents had no regrets. ”可知，2000名中，45%的人因旅行而负债，但超过一半的父母没有后悔，故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Disney is a big part of American culture. ‘Taking their kids to Disney is a tradition of passage (成长惯例), something they remember from their youth and want to experience with their kids,’ said Matt Schulz”及第四段“As Alyssa Leach, a 38-year-old mother, told The New York Times: ‘I’ll make more money, but my son will never be that young again.’ ”可知，第三段提出迪士尼是美国文化的一部分，带孩子去是“成长惯例”；第四段母亲强调“儿子不会再如此年幼”，说明父母认为迪士尼经历对孩子的成长至关重要。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“High prices of food, bus and hotel rooms in the park are some of the reasons. For example, in July, a hotel room for a family could be between $182 (about 1,294 yuan) and $1,079 (about 7,673 yuan) per night.”可知，本段明确列出负担重的原因包括食物、巴士、酒店房间，并未提及机票费用。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“The habit of using credit cards (信用卡) to buy things also leads to the situation. For Disney World vacations, people in the US always put down $200 to hold their tickets and place to stay in Disney, and then pay the rest with credit cards. So they might find out after the trip that they go into debt, reported The New York Times.”可知，美国人习惯用信用卡支付。故选C。 There is a place named Shark Bay (鲨鱼湾) in the western Australia. At least 28 kinds of sharks are swimming through the clear water there—the largest in the world. Especially tiger sharks are common visitors to Shark Bay. They move their 15-foot-long (4.5 meters) bodies through the seagrass, sometimes catching huge sea cows for a meal. Although tiger sharks are dangerous to them, they are important to the health of the ocean ecosystem (生态系统). In fact, they can also be our powerful friends in stopping climate change. It all comes back to the seagrass that moves with the waves in Shark Bay. The seagrass is food for the sea cows. Each eats about 40 kilograms of seagrass a day. By controlling the sea cow populations, tiger sharks in Shark Bay help the seagrass beds grow. A good seagrass bed stores twice as much CO2 per square mile as forests do on land. But in the world, tiger shark populations are becoming smaller, including some populations in Australia. Off Australia’s northeast coast of Queensland, it is said that tiger sharks have fallen by at least 71%, largely because of overfishing and bycatch (误捕). A reduction in tiger sharks means more seagrass eaten and less carbon kept in the ocean. In Shark Bay, the tiger sharks are able to achieve the balance by keeping sea cow populations down, and not all the bay’s seagrass is lost. But here comes the question: What if sharks disappeared from the bay? The need to understand how they support their ecosystems becomes even more urgent (紧迫的). 1．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 1? A．Tiger sharks eat sea cows. B．The tiger shark is the largest of its kind. C．A seagrass bed is about 4.5 meters long. D．Sea cows are harmful to the ocean ecosystem. 2．What does the underlined word “they” refer to? A．Visitors. B．Sea cows. C．Tiger sharks. D．Seagrass beds. 3．What’s the situation of tiger sharks? A．They are overfishing sea cows. B．They are moving out of Australia. C．Their populations are becoming smaller. D．Their living condition is becoming worse. 4．What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To give some information about sharks. B．To give some information about tiger sharks. C．To tell us there will be more sea cows in the future. D．To call on humans to take action to protect tiger sharks. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在澳大利亚西端的鲨鱼湾中，虎鲨是我们阻止气候变化的有力朋友，因此了解虎鲨是如何支持生态系统的需求变得更加迫切了。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“They move their 15-foot-long (4.5 meters) bodies through the seagrass, sometimes catching huge sea cows for a meal.”可知，虎鲨有时会捕捉巨大的海牛作为一顿大餐。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Although tiger sharks are dangerous to them, they are important to the health of the ocean ecosystem.”可知，虎鲨对海洋生态系统的健康很重要，故此处的划线单词指的是“虎鲨”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段内容“But in the world, tiger shark populations are becoming smaller,”可知，在全球范围内，虎鲨的数量正在减少。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读最后一段可知，虎鲨能够通过减少海牛的数量来达到平衡，因此了解虎鲨是如何支持生态系统的需求变得更加迫切了，以此呼吁人们不应该猎杀太多鲨鱼，因此人们应该采取行动保护生态系统。故选D。 Social media (社交媒体) has its good sides, but it can also bring some problems. Have you ever been bored and decided to check your We Chat moments, only to find out that your best friend is at the Great Wall or one of your classmates is eating delicious noodles at your favorite restaurant, or one of your basketball teammates is visiting the giant pandas in Sichuan? Have you had the feeling that others are enjoying life more than you are? If your answers are both “Yes”, you are experiencing FOMO—the fear of missing out. Researchers have found that over 75% of young people are experiencing FOMO from time to time. Social media is the main culprit for it. Because it is so easy today for people to see what their friends are doing, eating, buying and talking about. And they are afraid of missing out on important and new information when they are away from social networks. However, it is impossible for us to enjoy the same activities others are enjoying on social media. Failing to realize this truth, we often let FOMO lead us to compare our lives with those of others. This comparison leaves us feeling dissatisfied (不满的). However, our lives have both good and bad moments, but all we see on social media are the picture-perfect moments others share. FOMO also makes us check social media more often, which can cause feelings of sadness, loneliness and boredom. So what should we do if we have FOMO? Researchers advised that we face it and change our way of thinking. They also explained that taking part in social activities could help us realize that nothing bad was happening. What’s more, they suggested finding the joy in the present and not believing the unreal information or news on the Internet. “Take it as a chance to do what you really love, and turn your FOMO into your JOMO— joy of missing out,” one researcher said. 1．What is the main purpose of Paragraph 2? A．To show what FOMO is with examples. B．To find out if people suffer from FOMO. C．To ask questions about people’s daily lives. D．To give examples about people’s using social media. 2．Which one can replace the word “culprit” in Paragraph 3? A．purpose B．cause C．result D．problem 3．Why does social media make people feel dissatisfied according to paragraph 3? A．Because our lives have both good and bad moments. B．Because it leads us to compare our lives with those of others. C．Because it is impossible for us to make friends by social media. D．Because we can see the picture-prefect moments. 4．What are the right ways to deal with FOMO based on the last paragraph? ①Join a voluntary group. ②Accept what you are having now. ③Check your friends’ We Chat moments from time to time. ④Develop your hobbies. ⑤Stop believing the news on the Internet. A．③④⑤ B．②③⑤ C．①④⑤ D．①②④ 5．What can be the best title of this passage? A．Social media: Good or bad? B．FOMO: Friend or enemy? C．FOMO: Get out of it! D．Social media: Guard against it! 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了错失恐惧症的含义、表现以及建议。 1．推理判断题。根据“If your answers are both ‘Yes’, you are experiencing FOMO — the fear of missing out.”可知，通过具体例子 (朋友在长城、同学吃美食、队友看熊猫) 引出“当看到他人享受生活时，自己产生的缺失感”，从而解释什么是FOMO。即本段的主要目的是用例子表明什么是错失恐惧症。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Because it is so easy today for people to see what their friends are doing, eating, buying and talking about. And they are afraid of missing out on important and new information when they are away from social networks.”可知，因为今天人们很容易看到他们的朋友在做什么，吃什么，买什么，谈论什么。当他们远离社交网络时，他们害怕错过重要的新信息，因此这是表达社交媒体是造成错失恐惧症的主要原因。故划线单词“culprit”意为“原因”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Failing to realize this truth, we often let FOMO lead us to compare our lives with those of others. This comparison leaves us feeling dissatisfied (不满的).”可知，因为它会让我们把自己的生活和别人的生活进行比较，故而导致不满。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“Researchers advised that we face it and change our way of thinking. They also explained that taking part in social activities could help us realize that nothing bad was happening. What’s more, they suggested finding the joy in the present and not believing the unreal information or news on the Internet. ‘Take it as a chance to do what you really love’”可知，研究人员建议我们面对它，改变我们的思维方式。参加社会活动。在当下找到快乐，做真正热爱的事。因此解决错失恐惧症的方法是：①②④。故选D。 5．标题归纳题。根据“ ‘Take it as a chance to do what you really love, and turn your FOMO into your JOMO—joy of missing out,’ one researcher said”及全文可知，全文围绕 FOMO 的成因 (社交媒体引发比较)、危害 (不满情绪) 及解决方式 (积极应对) 展开，核心是如何摆脱 FOMO，故最佳标题为“错失恐惧症：摆脱它”。 故选C。 Leaving the comfort of kindergarten and moving on to real school can be “frightening”. So, on their first day of school when entering the first grade, German children traditionally receive a cone-shaped (锥形的) bag. The bag, called the Schultite, is always filled with treats and toys to make starting school much sweeter. The tradition has a long history. In the early 19th century in Jena, children were told there was a candy tree in the teacher’s yard, and that when they were old enough to reach it, they could start school. From there the custom (习俗) spread to Berlin. Back then, the cone was simply a paper one—like those from candy stores—filled with sugary treats. After World War I, the custom spread south and west in Germany and many families started following it. One thing to remember: the Schultüte is always opened at home, not at school. This practice was especially meaningful during difficult times because parents couldn’t afford expensive gifts. Instead, the cone might hold some simple handmade gifts. At home, with no one else watching, the child could see how much care went into every little gift—each one saying, “I love you.” Today, parents in Germany still prepare the Schultüte, filling it with a mix of practical school supplies—like pencils, crayons and notebooks—along with small toys and sweets. Some parents choose to add surprises, such as colourful stickers, fun erasers, or a special book, while others prefer to keep it simple. It’s up to the parents to decide the contents (内容物). In a word, the Schultüte doesn’t need to be expensive but remains necessary, as it is a lovely tradition that celebrates a child’s growth. 1．What is the main purpose of the Schultüte tradition? A．To provide school supplies for kids. B．To celebrate the end of kindergarten. C．To praise kids for their good performances. D．To make kids less worried about the new start. 2．What is mainly discussed about the Schultüte tradition in Paragraph 2? A．Its important meanings. B．The way of celebrating it. C．Its historical development. D．The reason for its popularity. 3．Why was it meaningful to open the Schultüte at home in hard times? A．It could save a lot of money. B．It made kids feel loved. C．It helped parents hide gifts better. D．It stopped kids from showing off. 4．What do we know about the contents of the Schultüte? A．They show Kids’ preferences. B．They are based on some certain rules. C．They can be both useful and enjoyable. D．They should be shared among kids. 5．Why does the writer write the passage? A．To introduce the German tradition of Schultüte. B．To encourage parents to prepare the Schultüte for children. C．To compare the Schultüte tradition with other traditions in the world. D．To explain how German children feel when they receive the Schultüte. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了德国孩子进入一年级时，传统上会收到一个锥形的袋子Schultüte，里面装满了零食和玩具，以让开始上学的日子更加甜蜜。文章还介绍了Schultüte的历史渊源、打开地点以及内容物等相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Leaving the comfort of kindergarten and moving on to real school can be ‘frightening’. So, on their first day of school when entering the first grade, German children traditionally receive a cone-shaped (锥形的) bag. The bag, called the Schultüte, is always filled with treats and toys to make starting school much sweeter.”可知，Schultüte传统的主要目的是让孩子们对新的开始不那么担心，通过装满零食和玩具的袋子让开始上学的日子更加甜蜜。故选D。 2．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“The tradition has a long history... From there the custom (习俗) spread to Berlin... After World War I, the custom spread south and west in Germany and many families started following it.”可知，第二段主要讨论了Schultüte传统的历史发展。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“This practice was especially meaningful during difficult times because parents couldn’t afford expensive gifts. Instead, the cone might hold some simple handmade gifts. At home, with no one else watching, the child could see how much care went into every little gift—each one saying, ‘I love you.’”可知，在困难时期，在家打开Schultüte很有意义，因为它让孩子们感受到爱，每个小礼物都代表着“我爱你”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Today, parents in Germany still prepare the Schultüte, filling it with a mix of practical school supplies—like pencils, crayons and notebooks—along with small toys and sweets.”可知，Schultüte的内容物既实用又有趣，包括实用的学习用品和小玩具、糖果等。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了德国孩子进入一年级时收到的Schultüte传统，包括其历史渊源、打开地点以及内容物等相关信息。因此，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍德国的Schultüte传统。故选A。 ①Numbers are everywhere in our world. They do much more than just count things. They help us understand life and solve difficult problems.Science & Health ②Numbers keep us safe and healthy. Builders use special numbers like 3.14 (π) to make strong bridges that won’t fall down. Doctors use numbers like 37℃ (normal body temperature) and 60-100 beats per minute (normal heartbeat) to check health. ▲ ③Numbers tell us about people. Did you know that Asia has around 4.8 billion people? That’s more than half of all people on Earth! Leaders use these numbers to decide how many schools to build. In bad times, numbers help decide how much food or medicine is needed. Stores even use numbers to know which products sell well.Everyday Uses ④We see numbers every day. When baking a cake, you need twice as much flour as sugar. At stores, a 20% discount means you can pay less money to buy the clothes. On the road, signs like “60 km/h tell drivers” the maximum speed. Dates also use numbers, like “June 26th”. ⑤There are also some fun facts about numbers. People think differently about some numbers. In China, people believe that the number 8 means good fortune. Meanwhile, in some Western countries, people think 13 is unlucky. ⑥Numbers help us describe everything—from small things to huge stars. They are the world’s special language. 1．Which of the following is best for “ ▲ ” ? A．Numbers in Art. B．Numbers for Fun. C．Numbers and Cultures. D．Numbers for Decisions. 2．Why do stores use numbers according to the passage? A．To find out popular products easily. B．To count how many products they have. C．To check if people pay the right money. D．To make the prices of their products higher. 3．What can we know according to Paragraph 4? A．We don’t need numbers when baking a cake. B．Clothes will be cheaper if there is a 20% discount. C．The number of people can decide how many schools to build. D．Numbers are useless for the drivers on the road. 4．Why do people like the number “8” in China? A．Because they believe that it is easy to write. B．Because they believe that it can help people make money. C．Because they believe that it can bring good luck. D．Because they believe that it can help people remember dates. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Numbers play important roles in different parts of life. B．Numbers help doctors and builders do their jobs well. C．Numbers have different meanings in different cultures. D．People use numbers to solve difficult scientific problems. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了数字在生活中的多方面应用，包括科学与健康、决策制定、日常用途以及文化中的意义等，强调了数字是世界的特殊语言，帮助我们描述一切。 1．推理判断题。根据第三段“Numbers tell us about people...Leaders use these numbers to decide how many schools to build. In bad times, numbers help decide how much food or medicine is needed. stores even use numbers to know which products sell well.”可知，本段主要讲述了数字在决策制定方面的作用，如领导者根据人口数字决定建多少学校，在困难时期根据数字决定所需食物和药品数量，商店根据数字了解哪些产品畅销等。所以“Numbers for Decisions”最适合放在“ ▲ ”处。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“stores even use numbers to know which products sell well.”可知，商店使用数字是为了轻松找出受欢迎的产品。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“At stores, a 20% discount means you can pay less money to buy the clothes.”可知，如果有20%的折扣，衣服会更便宜。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据第五段“In China, people believe that the number 8 means good fortune.”可知，在中国人们喜欢数字“8”是因为他们认为它能带来好运。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Numbers are everywhere in our world. They do much more than just count things. They help us understand life and solve difficult problems.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了数字在生活的不同方面都发挥着重要作用，包括科学与健康、决策制定、日常用途以及文化意义等。故选A。 Numbers are everywhere in our world. They do much more than just count things. They help us understand life and solve difficult problems. Science & Health Numbers keep us safe and healthy. Builders use special numbers like 3.14 (π) to make strong bridges that won’t fall down. Doctors use numbers like 37℃ (normal body temperature) and 60-100 beats per minute (normal heartbeat) to check health. ▲ Numbers tell us about people. Did you know that Asia has around 4.8 billion people? That’s more than half of all people on Earth! Leaders use these numbers to decide how many schools to build. In bad times, numbers help decide how much food or medicine is needed. Stores even use numbers to know which products sell well. Everyday Uses We see numbers every day. When baking a cake, you need twice as much flour as sugar. At stores, a 20% discount means you can pay less money. On the road, signs like “60 km/h” tell drivers the maximum speed. Dates also use numbers, like “June 26th”. There are also some fun facts about numbers. People think differently about some numbers. In China, people believe that the number 8 means good fortune. Meanwhile, in some Western countries, people think 13 is unlucky.      Numbers help us describe everything—from small things to huge stars. They are the world’s special language. 1．Which of the following is best for “ ▲ ”? A．Numbers in Art B．Numbers for Fun C．Numbers and Cultures D．Numbers for Decisions 2．Why do stores use numbers according to the passage? A．To find out popular products easily. B．To count how many products they have. C．To check if people pay the right money. D．To make the prices of their products higher. 3．Why do people like the number “8” in China? A．It is easy to write. B．It can help people make money. C．It can bring good luck. D．It can help people remember dates. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Numbers play important roles in different parts of life. B．Numbers help doctors and builders do their jobs well. C．Numbers have different meanings in different cultures. D．People use numbers to solve difficult scientific problems. 5．Where is this passage probably from? A．A sports news report. B．A guidebook for travelling. C．A magazine about daily science. D．An interesting storybook for kids. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了数字在生活中的作用，从科学健康、决策参考、日常使用到文化寓意，多维度说明了数字不仅是计数工具，更是理解世界的特殊语言。 1．最佳标题题。根据“Numbers tell us about people…Leaders use these numbers to decide how many schools to build…”可知，数字能让我们了解人口情况，领导人利用数字决定建多少所学校……，体现了数字在辅助人们做决策方面的作用。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Stores even use numbers to know which products sell well.”可知，商店使用数字是为了了解哪些产品畅销，也就是能轻松找出受欢迎的产品。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“In China, people believe that the number 8 means good fortune.”可知，8能带来好运。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Numbers are everywhere... They help us understand life and solve difficult problems”以及各段分述可知，数字无处不在，帮助我们理解生活、解决难题。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据“Numbers help us describe everything—from small things to huge stars. They are the world’s special language.”可知，数字在生活各个领域的重要作用展开，属于日常科学知识普及的范畴。故选C。 Do you know the numbers 0—9 well? They are Arabic numerals. People use them to mark numbers now. But it’s not the only number system that people use. About 2,500 years ago, people in Rome used their hands to count. In Roman numerals, one finger means 1, two fingers means 2, three fingers means 3, four fingers means 4. If you want to say five, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side. Make each of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. So in Rome, the numbers are “I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X”. Also, “L” means fifty, “C” means one hundred. “D” means five hundred and “M” means one thousand. But there is no zero in Roman numerals. Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see them on some watches and clocks. Today, most people use the Arabic numerals. They are easy to remember and write. They help people to count things every day. In fact, Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century, people in Arabic countries learned about them. Then the Arabic people took them into Europe. So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals. Today, people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot. 1．Which of the following means five in Roman numerals? A．L. B．M. C．V. D．X. 2．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Arabic numerals. B．Watches and clocks. C．Zero. D．Roman numerals. 3．What do we know about Arabic numerals? A．People in Rome didn’t use them. B．Arabic people taught the Indians about them. C．Only Arabic people use them today. D．“0” means “zero” in Arabic numerals. 4．Why are there few people using Roman numerals today? A．Because they are not easy to write and count. B．Because there are no Romans anymore. C．Because the numbers look stupid. D．Because they are hard to remember. 5．In what order did the following things happen? a. Arabic people learned about Arabic numerals. b. Indians created Arabic numerals. c. Arabic people took Arabic numerals into Europe. d. People all over the world use Arabic numerals. A．b—c—a—d B．b—a—c—d C．d—b—a—c D．d—c—b—a 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了罗马数字和阿拉伯数字的相关信息，包括罗马数字的计数方式、阿拉伯数字的起源与传播等。 1．细节理解题。根据“Make each of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. So in Rome, the numbers are ‘I, II, III, IV, V...’”可知，罗马数字中“V”表示5。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“But there is no zero in Roman numerals. Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see them on some watches and clocks.”可知，them指代前文提到的“Roman numerals (罗马数字)”，因为罗马数字没有零，且难以书写和计数，所以现在很少有人使用。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Do you know the numbers 0—9 well? They are Arabic numerals.”以及“But there is no zero in Roman numerals.”可知，阿拉伯数字中包含“0”，而罗马数字中没有。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count.”可知，如今很少有人使用罗马数字是因为它们难以书写和计数。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据“In fact, Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century, people in Arabic countries learned about them. Then the Arabic people took them into Europe. So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals. Today, people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot.”可知，印度人首创阿拉伯数字，阿拉伯人后来了解了它们，并将其带入欧洲，最后全世界都在使用阿拉伯数字。因此，正确顺序为b—a—c—d。故选B。 If you asked Chinese kids in the 1960s to name their idol (偶像), they might say Qian Xuesen or Lei Feng. Today’s kids, however, are saying really different names. In a survey named “Children’s idols and role models” made on March 2 by the China Youth Research Center, more than 70 percent of children saw sports and entertainment stars as their idols. Scientists and labor models, the idols of children in the 60s and 70s, only made up 2.3 percent and 0.4 percent. The survey was made among more than 6,400 primary and high school students. The top three idols are pop star Jay Chou, kungfu star Jackie Chan and pop singer Zhang Jie. Lei Feng came seventh and was the only name in the top 10 who was not a sports or entertainment star. Scientists in the list included Albert Einstein at 31 and Qian Xuesen at 45. They were together with entrepreneurs (企业家) like Alibaba CEO Ma Yun. The survey also suggested that modern kids draw a clear line between idols and role models. Of those interviewed, 82.2 percent thought “idols are for fun in daily life” while 91.7 percent thought role models offered “encouragement and inspiration”. Most kids named their peers (同辈) as their role models, although Lei Feng was the most mentioned role model for children. Cultural expert Zhu Dake said that modern children think of “idols” in terms of entertainment. He said that people should pay attention to the bad influence of too much commercialism (商业化) and entertainment on children’s growth. 1．Who might the children in the 1960s see as their idol? A．Jackie Chan. B．Zhang Jie. C．Qian Xuesen. D．Ma Yun. 2．What is the percentage of “scientists” in the result of the survey? A．0.4%. B．70%. C．30%. D．2.3%. 3．What do we learn about today’s kids from the results of the survey? A．Their idols are mostly film and singing stars. B．They’d like to learn from scientists. C．They are interested in making money. D．They admire entrepreneurs the most. 4．How do today’s kids understand “idols” and “role models”? A．They can learn nothing from their peers. B．Role models bring them inspiration. C．Their idols are also their role models. D．Lei Feng is no longer their idol. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The difference between idols and role models. B．Some bad influence of too much entertainment. C．A survey on idols and role models of modern kids. D．The best choices of idols and role models nowadays. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了如今超过70%的孩子将体育和娱乐明星视为偶像，而科学家和劳动模范在孩子中的占比大幅下降。同时，现代孩子对偶像和榜样有明确区分，认为偶像用于日常生活娱乐，而榜样则提供鼓励和灵感。 1．细节理解题。根据“If you asked Chinese kids in the 1960s to name their idol (偶像), they might say Qian Xuesen or Lei Feng.”可知，20世纪60年代的孩子可能会将钱学森或雷锋视为偶像。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Scientists and labor models, the idols of children in the 60s and 70s, only made up 2.3 percent and 0.4 percent.”可知，科学家在调查结果中的占比是2.3%。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“more than 70 percent of children saw sports and entertainment stars as their idols”可知，如今的孩子们大多将体育和娱乐明星视为偶像。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“82.2 percent thought ‘idols are for fun in daily life’ while 91.7 percent thought role models offered ‘encouragement and inspiration’”可知，如今的孩子们认为榜样能给他们带来鼓励和灵感。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一项关于现代孩子偶像和榜样的调查。故选C。 Have you ever lost something in a hard-to-reach space, like behind a sofa or under the bed? Wouldn’t it be nice to just suck it up and get it out with a tool? Well, robots will soon make this possible. In a study, scientists from the University of Hong Kong and Carnegie Mellon University in the US have invented small robots that can quickly change into liquid states. They melted (熔化) into liquid and managed to get out of a locked cage during the tests, shocking the whole scientific community. According to the website Mashable, the scientists got the idea from sea cucumbers (海参), which can change the softness of their bodies and easily enter any place. The robots in the study were made from a soft metal, which has a low melting point of only 30°C． The scientists first placed the robot in a magnetic field (磁场). Thanks to the magnetic field, the robot can then be heated into a liquid form, allowing it to enter some hard-to-reach places. After that, by controlling the strength or direction of the magnetic field, the robot can be moved around in a controlled manner. Hopefully, these liquid robots can be widely used in different fields and will not disappoint us. They can help take out a foreign object from a model human stomach. Scientists can use them to repair a TV set by squeezing them into hard-to-reach areas inside the TV set. To prevent humans from being harmed, these robots can perform dangerous tasks in hard-to-reach environments, such as cleaning in nuclear power plants (核电站). “What we’re showing are just ideas that need to be developed further,” said Carmel Majidi of Carnegie Mellon University. “The goal of our future research is to put these liquid robots to use in real-life situations more quickly. We are very confident about achieving this goal.” 1．The writer started the passage by ________. A．giving examples B．telling stories C．comparing facts D．asking questions 2．The liquid robot works in the order of ________. a. It is heated into a liquid form.            b. It is put in a magnetic field. c. The magnetic field is used to move robots.        d. It enters some hard-to-reach places. A．a-c-d-b B．a-b-c-d C．b-a-d-c D．d-b-a-c 3．This passage mainly wants to tell us ________. A．what liquid robots can do now and in the future B．why scientists invented liquid robots C．where small liquid robots are invented D．how liquid robots work in a magnetic field 4．The passage is written in a(n) ________ tone (语气). A．disappointed B．humorous C．confident D．angry 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了香港大学和美国卡内基梅隆大学的科学家发明了一种可以快速变成液态的小型机器人，并探讨了其潜在应用领域。 1．细节理解题。根据“Have you ever lost something in a hard-to-reach space, like behind a sofa or under the bed? Wouldn’t it be nice to just suck it up and get it out with a tool?”可知，作者以提问的方式开篇。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The scientists first placed the robot in a magnetic field (磁场)”、“Thanks to the magnetic field, the robot can then be heated into a liquid form, allowing it to enter some hard-to-reach places.”和“After that, by controlling the strength or direction of the magnetic field, the robot can be moved around in a controlled manner.”可知，液体机器人工作的顺序为：科学家先将机器人置于磁场中，然后加热机器人成液态，之后机器人进入难以触及的地方，最后通过控制磁场移动它。正确顺序为：b-a-d-c。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。通读全文并根据“Hopefully, these liquid robots can be widely used in different fields and will not disappoint us.”和“The goal of our future research is to put these liquid robots to use in real-life situations more quickly. We are very confident about achieving this goal.”可知，文章重点描述液态机器人当前和未来的功能。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“We are very confident about achieving this goal”可知，科学家对实现这一目标充满信心。由此可知，这篇文章是以积极自信的语气写的。故选C。 ①Since the birth of AI robots, many people have been hoping these smart machines would help us with boring chores. Robots on show at the 2024 World Robot Conference showed that tech companies want to make this happen. ②“People are looking for smarter and more humanized robots,” said Meng Yuan, the boss of DEEP Robotics, who joined in the conference. “We don’t want to spend much time giving orders or controlling them. They can do this by themselves.” Meng said. ③Take the company’s robot dog X30, for example. The robot dog can understand its environment and move around without hitting things. The X30 uses built-in cameras and laser radars (激光雷达) to collect information. It then processes (处理) this information, breaking it down into smaller tasks. After deciding on the skills involved in the mission, the robot chooses skills from its skill set to perform these tasks. Developers at DEEP Robotics explained that the robot’s autonomous behaviors (自主行为) and improvement come about through real-life learning and training, not just from remembering “the rules”. ④The X30 has recently become a household name at Zhejiang University, where it is busy helping students carry their heavy bags across the university. Robot dogs like this one are becoming real helpers in our daily lives. ⑤Atribot S1, another humanoid robot, showed its humanization during the conference through its amazing “hands”. Many were shocked to see it skillfully perform Chinese calligraphy (书法) and dulcimer (扬琴). Atribot S1 also learned how to clean the bottom of a teapot with a cloth. ⑥“The fast growth of generative (生成的) AI, such as ChatGPT, will give humanoid robots a real ‘soul’, improving their decision-making abilities,” Ren C． Luo, a professor from Taiwan, said. ⑦However, as Luo pointed out, “the percentage of real application (应用) of generative AI on robots is now less than 5 percent. There is still a lot of room for improvement.” 1．What is the advantage of the smarter robots according to Meng Yuan? A．Smaller size. B．Less human control. C．Lower cost. D．More real applications. 2．In what order does the robot dog X30 work? a. The robot chooses skills from its skill set.    b. The robot processes the information. c. The robot collects information.    d. The robot performs the task. A．abcd B．cbad C．acdb D．cdba 3．What can be inferred about the X30 robot from the passage? A．It will completely replace human jobs in a short time. B．It learns through real-life learning and training as well as the rules. C．It can perform all difficult tasks without human control. D．It will come up with a better way to carry the bags after doing this more times. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了人工智能的发展，以及在机器人方面的运用。 1．细节理解题。根据“We don’t want to spend much time giving orders or controlling them. They can do this by themselves.”可知，更智能的机器人优势在于“人类不需投入大量控制”而让它们自主完成任务。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The X30 uses built-in cameras and laser radars (激光雷达) to collect information. It then processes (处理) this information, breaking it down into smaller tasks. After deciding on the skills involved in the mission, the robot chooses skills from its skill set to perform these tasks.”可知，X30的工作顺序是：先用内置摄像头和激光雷达“收集信息”(c)，然后“处理信息”(b)，再“选择所需技能”(a)，最后“执行任务”(d)，故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Developers at DEEP Robotics explained that the robot’s autonomous behaviors (自主行为) and improvement come about through real-life learning and training, not just from remembering “the rules”.”可知，X30的自主行为及其改进是通过现实生活中的学习和训练实现的，而不仅仅是靠记住“规则”，由此可以推断出X30能通过实践不断改进。故选D。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，①②段引出话题，介绍AI机器人的基本背景和需求；③至⑤段介绍具体机器人实例(目前的现实应用)；⑥⑦段关于对未来的展望与尚待解决的问题。与选项D所示结构最吻合。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $