北京市第八十中学2025-2026学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题

北京市第八十中学2025-2026学年第二学期期中考试 高 二 英 语 2025年11月 班级 姓名 考号 （考试时间 90分钟满分 100分） 提示：试卷答案请-律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色签字笔作答。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节， 30分) 第一节：完形填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 As a student planning to study management, I realized that classroom alone wouldn't be enough to fully prepare me for the challenges from the world. Eager to gain market-related experience before university, I stepped into the world of 1 this summer. I noticed a problem in my community: the electricity supply was not 2 , often being insufficient and leading to frequent power cuts that affected daily life. This created a clear need for a charging station, so I decided to open one to 3 the issue. What started as a way to prepare myself for college quickly turned into a meaningful project, shaping my understanding of how business can not only 4 practical needs but also make a lasting impact in a community. The response to my business was 5 . On the first three days alone, I made $406. That initial success was more than just encouraging—— it was 6 that I was solving a real problem and that the market was there for my services. Seeing people stream into the centre, grateful for the charging service, 7 my belief that business is about addressing needs and serving others. The journey of starting this business was not without challenges. When I needed 8 to start the business, I negotiated with my relatives to give me two cows, which I then sold to raise funds. I also drew on technical skills to handle the electrical work myself, which 9 my startup costs. Today, the charging center is alive with activities. The skills I' ve acquired will certainly serve me well as I begin my university journey. Looking back, I can see how these 10 lessons have set a stage for the future. 1. A. medicine B. literature C. business D. science 2. A. reliable B. private C. affordable D. renewable 3. A. discuss B. raise C. report D. address 4. A. promote B. replace C. meet D. guide 5. A. disappointing B. incredible C. strange D. embarrassing 6. A. proof B. doubt C. hope D. fear 7. A. confused B. challenged C. confirmed D. changed 8. A. income B. capital C. price D. profit 9. A. estimated B. provided C. doubled D. reduced 10. A. practical B. classic C. familiar D. cultural 第二节：词汇语法综合(共15 小题；每题1分，共15分) (一)选择方块中合适的词和词组填入句子中，注意使用其正确形式 set off make sense dominate take up reject push oneself to the limits guilty 11. As a child, he by his father. He was prohibited to make any decisions. 12. Many retired people gardening as a hobby. 13. Outstanding athletes always to get to the top of a sport. 14. When she was sent to boarding school, she felt as though her parents her. 15. She must have done something wrong, because she's looking so . 16. firecrackers can add to the festive atmosphere and offer an outlet for people's pleasure and excitement. 17. It to pay off your debts before you start trying to save money. (二)在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词；在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 18. By about 6000 BC, people (discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise. 19. Bob built at the top of each sapling (幼树) a bamboo platform, he placed earthen pots with small holes to collect rainwater. 20. Although Jason Harley had lots of money, he was tired of (regard) as a successful person. 21. If a teenager (see) as weak or different by the majority of their peers, they can become a target for bullies. 22. Liu Xiang had an (ambition) goal for the future. “To be No.1.” 23. Landing on the moon's far side is (extreme) challenging. 24. When (expose) to heat, plastics will soften. 25. Exactly the potato was introduced to Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1965. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节， 38分) 第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Most kids spent their summer holidays playing video- games, watching TV and sleeping in. Parents can follow the steps below, and your kids can break their summertime tech habits and adapt to a school- friendly schedule in two weeks. Shift bedtime There's nothing more important to kicking off the school year successfully than getting sufficient sleep. Two weeks before school begins, schedule bedtime back by about 20 minutes a night to stop kids staying up late or sleeping in. Instead of a long, fun bath time, switch to a quick shower. Keep all digital devices out of their bedrooms and buy them alarm clocks. Set screen goals Having intentional goals for screen use can help kids change their tech habits. You might decide to make screen time a reward rather than a right. Set limits on digital activities such as no video games until they complete homework. Don't jump to no apps but consider using apps that control the length of time kids can use a device. Establish zones in your house where electronics simply are not allowed. Besides, get your kids involved in activities that don't need a screen. Make a schedule A summer spent without routine can make jumping back into the structure of school difficult for kids. Setting a schedule for the last two weeks of summer can work. Ms. Rawson, founder of theScreen Time Clinic, suggests creating blocks of time that mirror those of the school day, arranging 30to 50 minutes for an activity, depending on the kid's age, along with a set lunchtime. Kids should have a say in deciding how to fill the day's time blocks. The activities can involve anything but screens. 26. Before the new school year begins, kids can shift bedtime by . A. taking a long bath B. sleeping in a lot C. using phones as alarm clocks D. moving to bed earlier 27. According to the passage, what should parents do to adjust kids' screen time? A. Manage homework time with apps. B. Forbid them from using electronics. C. Reserve areas for screen-free activities. D. Remove apps from their digital devices. 28. A school-friendly schedule should A. reflect individual needs of kids B. copy the exact school timetables C. start from the beginning of holidays D.combine study with digital entertainment B I had wanted to be a cellist for as long as I could remember. At fifteen, I won a scholarship to a specialist music school. I got up at 5 a. m. to play scales, practiced at lunchtime and returned to my cello(大提琴) after lessons. One evening, while practicing a demanding piece, I pushed myself too far. I felt a burning pain between my wrist and elbow. When it hadn't got better after a day or two, I started to panic. Days became weeks. I still could not write or play. Weeks turned into months. Opportunities for concerts, recitals, and competitions came and went. When I wasn't sitting with my instrument, I was punishing myself for my own stupidity. My technique had probably not been secure enough for the demands I was placing on it. But now it was too late. Over two years, I gradually recovered some arm function. I was able to play some early music such as Handel and Bach, on a baroque cello, as the movements are gentler and lighter. However, the possibility of my arm letting me down has never left me. The turning point came, unexpectedly, during a photoshoot for an up-to-date picture. The photographer suggested I get my cell o and see what images of playing might look like. I hesitated-I-didn’t see myself as a cellist anymore. But then I fetched it and sat playing snatches of Bach. In that moment, the lens pointing at my instrument and me, I began to understand something I had only half sensed until then. Away from my cello, my shadow was missing. Without it I felt incomplete. But with my instrument I was protected and entirely happy in my own skin. During that photocopy I realized I needed to find out what the cello, and its absence, had meant to other cellists, to understand what it meant to me. So I planned a journey across Europe. I encountered cellos destroyed by war and shipwreck, and even a cello tat had been turned into a beehive. I even played with a resourceful cellist, who, having lost the use of his right thumb, ties his bow onto his hand with a bicycle inner tube. Over the course of my travels, I learned I was not alone. Besides, my experience might help others. I am also beginning to look for ways to return to the repertoire (曲目) I loved. supported by a community of musicians i similar situations, I now celebrate every concert as a step towards healing. 29. After the injury, the author A. tried an alternative career path B. blamed herself for practicing too hard C. secured the performing opportunities D. played Bach to impress the audience 30. The photoshoot experience was a turning point for the author because . A. it improved her professional image B. it showed her constant efforts paid off C. it deepened her connection to the cello D. it allowed her to meet incredible cellists 31. What can we learn from the passage? A. Fortune favors the bold. B. Constant dripping wears the stone. C. Good things come to those who wait. D. When given lemons, make lemonade. C Researchers from the NeuroMind Institute have developed a new system that uses predator(捕食者) robots to chase(追逐) larval(幼体的) zebrafish in an open water. This innovative approach is helping scientists' study how the young fish rapidly learn and adapt in real- world conditions. Larval zebrafish are a valuable tool for neuroscientists because their transparency enables easy study of the brain and behavior. However, it's been difficult for scientists to study learning in these developing vertebrates(脊椎动物)—— an important part of understanding how the brain works. Previous research found young zebrafish could learn simple associations. But this type of learning happens slowly and often unreliably, and it was still unclear whether days- old zebrafish can learn fast enough to use their memory in natural situations, like recognizing and avoiding new predators. The researchers thought that traditional ways of testing learning in larval zebrafish in the lab, where the conditions were far from what the fish would encounter in the wild, might not be effective for uncovering how the fish learn. To model a real- life situation, the researchers used small robotic cylinders(圆柱体), with some programmed to show predator- like characteristics. The researchers created the dynamics: they first place that stayed still with a free- swimming zebrafish; after the robot chased the fish for a minute, the fish began avoiding the robot's area for more than an hour—a big change from the non- avoidant behavior before the chase experience. When a second robot was introduced that did not chase the fish, the zebrafish only avoided the chasing robot, showing that they could distinguish between a threat and a non- threat. Using this system, the researchers made an unexpected discovery that not only could larval zebrafish learn extremely quickly in a more natural context, but they could also do so just five days after beginning their lives as single cells. This was particularly surprising given the fact that a developing zebrafish larva contains just one percent or so of the neurons(神经元) in its adult form. The findings suggest that some essential learning abilities, like recognizing predators, emerge early in life and are critical for survival. Further brain imaging reveals that different regions of the zebrafish brain are involved in this rapid learning: the hindbrain, a region controlling essential functions, responds to the approaching predator; the forebrain, a region associated with learning and planning, encodes the presence of the predator robot; and the habitual, another brain area, signals avoidance outcomes. All these regions are necessary for learning, and silencing any of them removes the ability of the fish to learn. It is believed that the new work could offer insights into how other brains process real- world threats. 32. Why did the researchers develop a new system with larval zebrafish? A. To observe their hunting behaviors. B. To identify their simple associations. C. To examine their brain characteristics. D. To uncover their learning in natural settings. 33. What does the underlined word"dynamics"in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Interaction. B. Function. C. Structure. D. Standard. 34. What can we learn about larval zebrafish? A. They can distinguish between robots and fish. B. They learn fast through a multi- regional brain network. C. They develop learning abilities when reaching adulthood. D. They can recognize predators with much neurons needed. 35. What will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows? A. Explaining the robot design used in the experiment. B. Exploring danger processing in other species' brains. C. Analyzing the connection between learning and planning. D. Describing zebrafish behaviors in different surroundings. D Americans clearly love their museums. One of the most famous, New York's MetropolitanMuseum of Art (the Met), saw a record 6.5 million visitors in 2015. But record attendance doesn’t necessarily translate into record revenue. Last month, the Met said it was trying to erase a US$10million budget deficit. Meanwhile, one of its rivals, the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), was abundant in cash, but only about three million people stopped by in 2015. Why do some museums flourish while other flounder? My research leads me to believe there are three reasons: fashion, billionaires and demographics. First, underlying the Met's financial challenges is the problem with the acquisitions policy. Recent directors of the Met did not add much to the museum's modern collection. The argument was that museums such as the MoMA were already providing such works in their collections and that the acquisition of contemporary art by living artists was problematic and risky. However, given the fact that museum-goers increasingly favor contemporary art, the revenue of the Met will likely fall if it isn't able to keep up with the tastes of the customers. And by the time it might recognize this, it's already too late to do much about it because the costs to acquire the in-demand art is sky-high. This leads to a second critical issue-the changing distribution of income and its effects on museum finance and operation. We are living in a boom period for contemporary art. The number of auctions and art fairs has grown enormously to accommodate this growing market. In a world with about 1,800 billionaires, it only takes a relative few to drive high-end art prices to astronomical levels. Works by the German artist Gerhard Richter have generated $1.2 billion in sales in recent years. The soaring prices mean museums simply can't keep up and must usually depend on donations to assemble the best works, or they' re priced out. Moreover, billionaires themselves are increasingly setting up their own private museums, further distancing the ability of public museums to get the good stuff. A third interrelated problem is that demographic issues have put pressure on the revenue side. Unemployment, early retirements and the aging of the population in the US have contributed to increased attendance at museums. You might think it's a good thing, but more traffic means higher costs, and when those additional visitors don't result in more revenue, profitability goes down. This is because of the longstanding movement toward making museums “free” by having individuals, government or businesses “sponsor” the cost. But when that support gets reduced by budget costs or another reason, museums must either cover the cost themselves or lose patrons by suddenly charging fees. There is evidence that attendance rises when economic growth slows, but that’s also when those “sponsors” are more likely to begin to disappear. Museums will certainly continue to exist and provide us with invaluable insights into our culture. But they must exist under economic principles, and it'd be wise for their administrators to consider the economies in their calculations. 36. According to the author, . A. MoMA saw a rise in donation due to its increased attendance B. the Met failed to respond to the artistic tastes of modern visitors C. the Met considered works of the living artists as questionable D. MoMA added to its modern collection despite the budget deficit 37. What can we infer from the passage? A. Billionaires control art auctions to price out public museums. B. The boom of modern art will lead visitors to private museums. C. The increase in visitors can hurt the profitability of museums. D. Economic slowdowns result in a weakened interest in museums. 38. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of museums in the US? A. Cautious. B. Doubtful. C. Pessimistic. D. Uncertain. 39. Which is the best title of the passage? A. How can Museums Boost Revenues? B. Should Museums Charge Entrance Fees? C. Will Museums Survive in a Fast-changing World? D. What Causes the Financial Challenges of Museums? 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There is considerable evidence from studies with adults that volunteering benefits a person’s physical and mental health. 40 A 2023 analysis suggested that young people who had participated in community service were more likely to be in excellent health and stayed calm when faced with challenges. 41 It could be that the children volunteers were already in great health. But because of an alarming rise in mental health issues among young people, environmental health scientists believe this early evidence is promising enough to pursue. A 2021 advisory warned that the number of young people reporting constant feelings of sadness or hopelessness had increased by 40 percent over the previous decade. There are multiple possible causes, including anxiety over climate change, the effects of social media use and unfriendly personal circumstances. To address these problems, researchers point to the importance of“contribution” as an essential piece of social and emotional development for teenagers. Volunteering is one good way young people can contribute. 42 In 2022, developmental psychologist Parissa Ballard and her colleagues tested volunteering as an intervention for nine 14-to-20-year-olds who had been recently diagnosed with mild to moderate depression or anxiety. After 30 hours of volunteer work at community organizations, the average reduction in depressive symptoms was 19 percent. What accounts for the benefits? Helping others improves mood and raises confidence. It provides rich ground for building social connections. It also changes how young people see themselves. Many teens don’t feel important. 43 There may be a potential downside to volunteering, however. 44 “Young people have to choose something that feels meaningful to them,” Ballard says. Adults can help by offering choices and checking volunteer opportunities to be sure that organizations are well run and equipped to offer a good experience. A. Admittedly, this finding only shows connections. B. Now scientists are finding similar links in children and teenagers. C. This improvement was in comparison with young people who did not volunteer. D. The sense of mattering to others translates really well to their needs to connect and belong. E. Everyone in the study enjoyed the work and reported a sense of pride and accomplishment. F. The experience can be harmful if young people feel like they are being forced to participate. G. Volunteering gives them a different sense of themselves, a sense of confidence and self-value. 第三部分：书面表达(共两节， 32分) 第一节：阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。(共4小题；第45至46题每小题2分，第47题3分，第48题5分，共12分) How Gratitude Makes You Happier Choosing to be thankful may well be an easy and accessible way to boost your happiness. We usually think of happiness as a subjective sense of well-being, a feeling of joy and satisfaction. But more than just an emotion or fleeting (短暂的) feeling, happiness also includes a deep sense of meaning, worth and purpose in life. Gratitude supports happiness in ways related to all of these. Research has shown gratitude has far-reaching effects on our physical health. When people are thankful, they' re more likely to exercise, eat better, and take care of their health. Much evidence points to lower stress, reduced pain and improved immune systems as a result of being thankful. Even better blood pressure and positive effects on the heart have been linked to gratitude. Gratitude has a strong positive impact on mental health as well. It increases self-esteem, enhances positive emotions and makes us more optimistic since experiencing gratitude activates neurotransmitters like dopamine, which we associate with pleasure, and serotonin, which regulates our mood. It also promotes feelings like trust and generosity, which are induced by oxytocin, a hormone released by the brain. Just like a muscle, thankfulness is something we need to exercise more often. One way is to learn from the Scandinavians, who, the UN's World Happiness Report suggests, are the happiest people in the world. It's worth pausing to think about why. Scandinavians themselves are determining their levels of happiness. They are appreciative of a functioning society where they have economic security and where social institutions support everyone. Yet, there is something else. They value"moderation", a just enough-ness. They don't chase happiness or work overtime for months at a time. They remain grateful for a healthy work-life balance. As a result of this satisfaction and contentment, they feel their lives have value. So, take some time to be thankful. It can impact your happiness and enhance many aspects of your life. 45. What does happiness include besides what we usually think? 46. On what does gratitude have a positive influence? 47. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Scandinavians don't work overtime for months at a time because they feel their lives have value. 48. How can you exercise being grateful? (In about 40 words) (请务必将答案写在答题卡指定区域内) 第二节 应用文写作 (20分) 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你们学校下个月将要举办图书漂流 (BookCrossing)活动——将自己喜欢的图书放在学校任意公共场所，感兴趣的同学读完后将书放回原处，让其继续漂流。请你给交换生 Jim写一封邮件，邀请其参加此次活动。内容包括： 1.活动意义 2.具体安排 3.发出邀请 注意: 1. 词数 100左右; 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, Yours, Li Hua (请务必将答案写在答题卡指定区域内) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $