专题03 过去将来时（复习讲义）（广东小高考专用）2026年春季高考英语

专题03 过去将来时 目录 考情分析与命题趋势.......................................................................................................1 知识体系构建...................................................................................................................1 考点精析与突破...............................................................................................................2 考点：过去将来时（重点）...........................................................................................2 实战精练与提升...............................................................................................................8 一、考试要求 谓语动词的时态、语态是高考的必考项目。过去将来时就是其中较为重要的考点。这些时态所对应的被动语态的运用也要牢固掌握。要准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义，捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息，务必要克服汉语式的惯性思维，排除误导，培养发散性思维习惯。 二、命题分析 考点 考频 考查内容 命题趋势 过去将来时 5年3考 过去将来时与其被动语态 预测2026年在听力、语法填空和写作中考查 过去将来时 核心概念：立足于“过去”，谈“将来” 四大结构： ①would do (最通用) ②was/were going to do (计划/迹象) ③was/were to do (计划/命运) ④was/were about to do (即刻将来) 三大考点： 宾语从句 (主句过去，从句过去将来) 状语从句 (主过将从) 结构辨析 (意图和单纯将来) 过去将来时考点精析 在高考中很少单独考查，而是嵌套在复合句和特定语境中，主要考查学生的逻辑判断能力。 命题方向一：宾语从句中的“时态呼应” 当主句谓语是过去时（如 said, thought, knew, believed, promised 等），且宾语从句表示一个尚未发生的动作时，必须使用过去将来时。 例子 He said, “I will come to your party.” 考题：He said that he ______ to my party. A. will come B. would come C. came D. comes 答案：B 突破技巧：看到主句谓语是过去时，立即检查从句动作的时间性。如果该动作发生在“说/想”之后，果断选择过去将来时。 变式题 1: The scientist confirmed that his team ______ the experiment by the end of the following month. A. completes B. completed C. would complete D. will complete 答案：C 详解： 主句谓语 confirmed (确认) 是过去时。从句动作“完成实验”发生在“确认”之后（由时间状语“by the end of the following month”可知），表示从过去看将来的动作，故需用过去将来时 would complete。 变式题 2: I thought you ______ nothing about it until I told you. A. know B. knew C. will know D. would know 答案：B 详解： 此题是陷阱题。主句谓语 thought (原以为) 是过去时。从句“对某事一无所知”这个状态，在“我原以为”的时候是同时存在的，并非一个将来的动作。因此，这里不应用过去将来时，而应用一般过去时 knew，表示过去认为的另一个过去的状态。 变式题 3: She believed that the solution ______ in technological innovation. A. lies B. lay C. would lie D. will lie 答案：A 详解： 主句谓语 believed (相信) 是过去时。但从句内容“解决方案在于科技创新”是一个客观真理或普遍事实。当宾语从句表示客观真理时，无论主句是什么时态，从句都使用一般现在时。故此处选 lies。 命题方向二：时间与条件状语从句中的“主过将从” 这是“主将从现”原则的过去版本。当主句是过去将来时，由 if, when, as soon as, until 等引导的时间和条件状语从句，必须用一般过去时来代替过去将来时。 例子 He said, “If it rains, I will stay at home.” 考题：He said that if it ______, he ______ at home. A. rained; would stay B. rains; will stay C. had rained; would stay D. rains; would stay 答案：A 突破技巧：牢记公式：主句 (would do) + if/when 从句 (一般过去时)。解题时，先确定主句需要过去将来时，那么从句就直接用一般过去时。 变式题 1: My parents promised they would buy me a new bike if I ______ well in the final exam. A. do B. did C. have done D. would do 答案：B 详解： 主句 they would buy 是过去将来时。if 引导的条件状语从句需遵循“主过将从”原则，用一般过去时 did 来代替过去将来时。 变式题 2: He said he would wait until she ______ back. A. comes B. came C. would come D. will come 答案：B 详解： 主句 he would wait 是过去将来时。until 引导的时间状语从句需用一般过去时 came 来代替过去将来时。 变式题 3: She told me she would contact me as soon as she ______ any news. A. gets B. got C. would get D. will get 答案：B 详解： 主句 she would contact 是过去将来时。as soon as 引导的时间状语从句需用一般过去时 got 来代替过去将来时。 命题方向三：结构辨析与语境选择 高考不仅考查“对不对”，更考查“好不好”。要求考生根据上下文语境，选择最贴切的过去将来时结构。 would do 单纯将来/意愿、承诺、预言、无明确计划的将来 He promised he would never lie again. was/were going to do 计划或迹象 已有打算、基于迹象的预测 She told me she was going to study abroad. (早有此计划) was/were to do 按计划、安排、正式日程、历史中“注定”的事 The president was to visit China the next month. was/were about to do 即刻的将来 “正要…突然”，不与具体时间连用 I was about to call you when you walked in. 例子 The sky was dark. It ______ rain. A. will B. was going to C. is about to D. was to 答案：B (根据迹象“天空变暗”进行的推测) 变式题 1: I felt a bit nervous as I ______ to give my first public speech. A. will B. was going C. was about D. was to 答案：B 详解： 句意是“我感到有点紧张，因为我即将进行我的第一次公开演讲”。“进行演讲”是一个即将发生且已有安排的事件，强调“计划性”，因此 was going to do 是最佳选择。was to do 语气过于正式；was about to do 强调“正要…”的即刻性，与“felt nervous”的持续状态不太吻合。 变式题 2: Look at the setting sun! We ______ late for the train if we didn't hurry up. A. were B. were going to be C. were about to be D. were to be 答案：B 详解： 根据迹象“看落日”进行的推测，表示“我们很有可能要迟到”，故用 were going to be。这里不是按计划，而是基于迹象的预测。 变式题 3: According to the schedule, the guest speaker ______ begin his lecture at 9:00 a.m. sharp. A. would B. was going to C. was about to D. was to 答案：D 详解： 句首的“According to the schedule”（根据日程安排）是解题关键。这表示一个正式的、既定的安排，因此使用 was to do 最为准确和正式。 命题方向四：虚拟语气中的隐含考查 在表示与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句中，主句的构成是 would/could/might do，这本身就是一种过去将来时的形式，表示“（在假想条件下）将会做某事”。 例子 If I were you, I would accept that job offer. （如果我是你，我会接受那个工作机会。） “接受”这个动作在假想条件下将会发生。 突破技巧：见到 If I were/did..., ... would do... 结构，要能识别出其中包含的过去将来时概念。 变式题 1 If it ______ Sunday tomorrow, I ______ go to the museum with you. A. is; will B. were; would C. was; will D. is; would 答案：B 详解： 从句“明天是周日”是一个与将来事实可能相反的假设（因为明天实际上不是周日）。在表示与将来事实可能相反的虚拟语气中，从句动词可用 were to do 或过去式（be动词用 were），主句用 would/could/might do。故此处选 were; would。 变式题 2 He talks as if he ______ everything about the universe. A. knows B. knew C. will know D. has known 答案：B 详解： as if (仿佛) 引导的方式状语从句常使用虚拟语气。主句 talks 是现在时，但“他知道宇宙的一切”显然不是事实，是一种夸张的假设，表示与现在事实相反，故从句用一般过去时 knew。 变式题 3 I would have called you yesterday if I ______ your phone number. A. had B. had had C. have D. would have 答案：B 详解： 此句是对过去事实的相反假设。句中有明确的时间状语 yesterday。主句 would have called 表明这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。其标准结构为：If + 主语 + had done, 主语 + would have done。因此，从句应用过去完成时 had had（第一个had是助动词，第二个had是实义动词“有”）。 过去将来时高分突破：解题“四步法” 面对含有复杂从句的题目，遵循以下步骤，可以让你思路清晰，避免失误。 Step 1: 寻标志 快速扫描句子，找到主句的谓语动词，判断其时态。如果主句是过去时，进入高度警戒状态。 Step 2: 判从句 识别出宾语从句、状语从句等。重点关注连接词，如 that, if, when, what 等。 Step 3: 定时态 分析从句动作与主句动作的先后关系。 从句动作 晚于 主句动作 → 过去将来时 从句是客观真理 → 一般现在时 从句动作与主句动作 同时 发生 → 一般过去时/过去进行时 Step 4: 选结构 根据语境选择最合适的过去将来时结构。 一般情况，首选 would do。 强调“计划、打算”或“迹象”，选 was/were going to do。 在条件/时间状语从句中，主句用 would do，从句用 一般过去时。 一、单句语法填空 1．She had more experience as a judge than some of her soon-to-be-colleagues and (become) the only justice to have served as a public defender. 【答案】would become 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她在法官这一职位上的从业经验比一些即将入职的同事都要丰富，并且她还将成为唯一一位曾担任过公设辩护人的法官。动词become表示“成为、变成”，与had并列作谓语，根据her soon-to-be-colleagues“她即将入职的同事”可知，空处表示“即将成为”，故应用过去将来时。故填would become。 2．This morning, I was worried that no one (will) talk to me. But I was wrong. I didn’t feel awkward or frightened at all. 【答案】would 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：今天早上，我还担心没人会跟我说话。但我错了。我一点也不觉得尴尬或害怕。分析句子可知，句中“was worried”表明整体语境为过去时态，宾语从句中“will” 需用过去式“would”，与主句时态保持一致，表达过去对未来情况的担忧，应用过去将来时。故填would。 3．The company still claimed that most people (be) travelling in driverless cars one day soon. 【答案】would be 【详解】考查时态。句意：该公司仍宣称，未来不久，大多数人将会乘坐无人驾驶汽车出行。that引导宾语从句，设空处为从句谓语；根据主句谓语claimed以及从句中的时间状语one day soon可知，此处应用过去将来进行时。故此处填would be，与空后travelling共同构成过去将来进行时。故填would be。 4．Last Sunday he promised he but he hasn’t arrived until now. (come) 【答案】would come 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：上周日他承诺他会来，但直到现在他还没到。come(来)是从句谓语动词，根据语境可知，主句谓语“promised”是过去发生的动作，而“come”这个动作是在“承诺”之后将要发生的，属于“过去的将来”，所以要用过去将来时态would come。故填would come。 5．The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in number, (gather) around her before she even had a chance (take) the bag of rice out from her handbag. 【答案】 would gather to take 【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。句意：在她还没来得及从手提包中取出一袋米之前，通常约为10 到15只鸟，就会聚集在她周围。第一空做谓语，由从句had和句意可知，表示过去将要发生的事，应用过去将来时，即would gather；第二空是固定搭配have a chance to do sth.，意为“有机会做某事”，故填would gather；to take。 6．As he proudly signed his name at the bottom of the page, Beethoven tried to imagine how people (respond) when they heard it for the first time. 【答案】would respond 【详解】考查时态。句意：当贝多芬自豪地在页面底部签名时，他试图想象人们第一次听到这个名字时会有什么反应。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，主语people与respond为主动关系，再由tried to imagine可知，这里时态应用过去将来时，表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态。故填would respond。 7．I wasn’t sure whether the postman (deliver) me the package on time. 【答案】would deliver 【详解】考查时态。句意：我不敢肯定邮递员是否会准时给我送来包裹。“wasn’t sure whether...” 表示“不确定是否……”，这里whether引导宾语从句，主句时态是一般过去时，结合“主过从过”的原则，从句的时态可以使用过去将来时 would deliver，表示“邮递员是否会按时给我送包裹”。故填would deliver。 8．—What did your son say in the letter? —He told me that he (visit) the Disney World the next day. 【答案】would visit 【详解】考查时态。句意：——你儿子在信里说了什么？——他告诉我他第二天要去迪斯尼乐园。分析句子可知，句子为that引导的宾语从句，主句为一般过去式，根据从句中the next day可知，从句动作为从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作，应用过去将来时，句式为“主语+would+动词原形”，“visit”意为“参观”，动词词性，故填would visit。 9．I didn’t know when she (come), but when she came I would let you know. 【答案】would come 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我不知道她什么时候来，但她来了我会告诉你的。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据句意可知，此处动词come应发生在将来，结合主句动词didn’t know可知，此处应为过去将来时。故填would come。 10．I wasn’t sure whether he (lend) me his book next Monday. 【答案】would lend 【详解】考查过去将来时。句意：我不敢肯定下星期一他是否会把他的书借给我。主句用的是一般过去时，宾语从句也用与过去相关的时态，结合从句中时间状语“next Monday”可知，此处表示将来的事情，故用过去将来时，故填would lend。 11．I made up my mind I (find) out what was good in my present situation. 【答案】would find 【详解】考查动词。句意：我下定决心，我要找出在我目前的情况下什么是好的。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据句中made以及句意可知，句子表示从过去的某个时间描述将来发生的事情，故使用过去将来时。故填would find。 12．Susan told me last night that she (go) to Spain next month to further her study. 【答案】would go 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：苏珊昨晚告诉我她下个月要去西班牙进修。分析句子结构可知，空处为that从句的谓语动词。主句为一般过去时。根据从句的时间状语next month可知，从句为过去将来时。故填would go。 13．He began to think that he (save) eggs until they were in short supply. 【答案】would save 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他开始认为他会保存鸡蛋，直到它们供不应求。结合句意和until they were in short supply可知，此处用过去将来时，故填would save。 14．How pleased and proud Mother (be) when they brought her breakfast in bed. 【答案】would be 【详解】考查过去将来时。句意：当他们把早餐端到妈妈床上时，她会多么高兴和自豪啊！根据“when they brought her breakfast in bed”可知，此处描述过去的事情，根据“How pleased and proud Mother”可知，此处是指妈妈将会多么高兴和自豪，所以应用过去将来时。故填would be。 15．He said that he (volunteer) to teach kids in the orphanage after he graduated from university. 【答案】would volunteer 【详解】考查时态。句意：他说他大学毕业后会志愿去孤儿院教孩子们。根据宾语从句的动作在当时尚未发生，所以从句时态应该是将来时，再考虑主句时态said为一般过去时，所以宾语从句的时态最终确定为过去将来时。根据句意，故填would volunteer。 16．— He left for Beijing this morning. — Oh, I thought he (not go) until next week. 【答案】wasn’t going 【详解】考查动词时态和固定句型。句意：——他今天早上去北京了。——噢，我还以为他下周才走呢。根据“thought”和“until next week”可知，宾语从句中使用过去将来时，go为表示位置转移的动词，使用过去进行时表示将来（属于过去将来时范畴），主语为he，be动词用was，此处为否定形式。故填wasn’t going。 17．He said he (deliver) a speech next week. 【答案】would deliver 【详解】考查时态。句意：他说他将于下周发表演讲。根据主句时态可知，用过去时态。再根据从句时间状语next week可知，用过去将来时。根据句意，故填would deliver。 18．Another group was asked to predict whether or not they (cheat) for each question. 【答案】would cheat 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：另一组被要求预测他们是否会在每个问题上作弊。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据句意，此空处表示将要发生的动作，且主句是一般过去时，所以此处应为过去将来时，与句子主语之间为主动关系。故填would cheat。 19．While Henry Ford hoped to make automobiles accessible to the average Americans, he likely never dreamed the world (reach) the point it has today. 【答案】would reach 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：虽然亨利·福特希望让普通美国人都能买得起汽车，但他可能从未梦想过世界会达到今天的程度。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或呈现的状态，应用过去将来时。故填would reach。 20．Li Ming said he (be) happy if Brian came to China next month. 【答案】would be　 【详解】考查动词时态。句意:李明说如果布赖恩下个月来中国，他将会很高兴。 空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，主句为一般过去时，结合从句中“if Brian came to China next month”可知，空处动作还未发生，故应用过去将来时。故填would be。 21．Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he (be) a famous scientist whose theories would change the world. 【答案】was going to be 【详解】考查过去将来时。句意：阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦出生于1879年。小时候，很少有人猜测他会成为一位著名的科学家，他的理论会改变世界。题干中虽然有时间状语“in 1879”，但这并非所填动词的动作发生的时间。由“As a child”可知，所填词的参照时间是过去，而他成为一位著名的科学家不是在他“是个小孩子”时，而是以后的事，即将来，故所填词应用过去将来时。故答案为was going to be。 22．George said that he (come) to school to see me the next day, but he didn’t. 【答案】would come 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：乔治说他第二天会来学校看我，但他没有。根据said可知，主句的时态为一般过去时，而从句中的the next day暗示将要发生，所以宾语从句中用过去将来时。故填would come。 23．When he (open) the door, he found his keys were nowhere. 【答案】was to open 【详解】考查时态。句意：当他要开门时，他发现钥匙不见了。结合语境这里应用过去将来时表示从当时看将要发生的动作“将要开门”，可以用be to，表将要。故答案是was to open。 24．At college, Barack Obama didn't know that he (become) the first black president of the United States of America.   【答案】was to become 【详解】考查时态。句意：在大学的时候，巴拉克·奥巴马不知道他将成为美国第一个黑人总统。此处用过去将来时表示过去某个时间将要发生的事情，结构为“主语+was/were to do”，主语为he，谓语用单数。故填was to become。 25．James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he (come) until yesterday. 【答案】was coming 【详解】考查时态。句意：詹姆斯刚到，但我直到昨天才知道他要来。结合语境可知，我过去不知道他要来，表示“过去将要……”，come用进行时表将来，所以用过去进行时表示过去的将来。主语第三人称，谓语单数形式。故填was coming。 26．He was working on the assumption that if he produced a clone of the dog, his boss (approve) his promotion. 【答案】would approve 【详解】考查谓语动词时态。句意：他工作是以如果他制造出一只克隆狗，他的老板将批准他升值的基础上的。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查 if 引导条件状语从句时，如果是表示将来的动作，这句用一般时表示将来时，主句仍然用将来时。根据从句的谓语动词“produced”的时态可知，这是用一般过去式表示过去将来，所以主句要用过去将来时。故填would approve。 27．They made up their minds that they (buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs. 【答案】would buy　 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他们决定一旦拉里换了工作，他们就买座新房子。that引导的从句为复合句，其中once引导的时间状语从句用的是一般过去时，主句用过去将来时。故填would buy。 28．No one knew when he (go) to finish his homework. 【答案】was going 【详解】考查过去将来时。句意：没有人知道他什么时候能完成作业。空处为宾语从句谓语动词，根据“No one knew”可知，此处描述过去的事情。be going to do意为“将要做某事”。根据句意可知，此处是指他将要何时完成作业，又主句是过去时，所以此处应用过去将来时。从句中主语he为第三人称单数。故填was going。 29．Jack was so busy when we saw him, because he (make) a speech the next day. 【答案】would make 【详解】考查时态。句意：我们见到杰克时，他很忙，因为他第二天要演讲。根据was和时间状语the next day，可知此处指从过去的时间看将来会发生的事情，应用过去将来时，结构为would+动词原形，故填would make。 30．He said that he (buy) some story books tomorrow morning. 【答案】would buy 【详解】考查时态。句意：他说他明天上午要买一些故事书。根据said和时间状语tomorrow morning，可知此处表示从过去的时间看将来要发生的某事，应用过去将来时，结构为would+动词原形，故填would buy。 31．I asked her when she (come) back from the holiday. 【答案】would come 【详解】考查时态。句意：我问她什么时候度假回来。结合句意和asked，可知此处表示从过去的时间看将来要发生的某事，应用过去将来时，结构为would+动词原形，故填would come。 32．Breakfast (serve) between 7:00 and 8:00 tomorrow morning, we'd better get up early. 【答案】will be served 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：明天早上7点到8点供应早餐，我们最好早点起床。根据句中时间状语tomorrow morning可知，用一般将来时。主语breakfast与serve之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据句意，故填will be served。 33．Dr. Smith said he (give) a speech on how to reduce stress the next week. 【答案】would give 【详解】考查时态。句意：史密斯博士说他下周要做一个关于如何减轻压力的演讲。由主句谓语动词said可知，空处宾语从句的谓语动词需用过去的某种时态，根据时间状语the next week可知，空处谓语动词需用过去将来时：would do，表示过去看将要发生的动作。故填would give。 34．Whenever she had time,she (help) them with their work. 【答案】would help 【详解】考查时态。句意：只要有时间，她就会帮助他们工作。根据句意可知，当时间状语从句为一般过去时的时候，主句应用过去将来时， 其结构为would+动词原形，表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态。故填would help。 35．Ken was so busy when we saw him,because he (make) a speech the next day. 【答案】would make 【详解】考查时态。句意：我们见到Ken时他很忙，因为他第二天要发表演讲。根据句意及时间状语the next day，可知此处应用过去将来时，结构为would+动词原形，表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。故填would make。 36．She didn’t tell me where she (go). 【答案】would go 【详解】考查过去将来时。句意：她没有告诉我她将要去哪里。结合句意和时态一般过去时，可知表示过去发生的事情。where引导宾语从句，她要去哪里，所以是过去将来时。故填would go。 37．I wasn’t sure whether Lucy (come) the next year. 【答案】would come 【详解】考查过去将来时，句意：我不确定明年露西是否会来。由主句中wasn’t sure可知，主句为一般过去时，根据从句中时间状语“the next year”，可知，从句表示的是过去将要发生的动作，所以该句为过去将来时，因此从句的谓语动词使用过去将来时would+动词原形。故填would come。 38．She told him that she (not stay) here for long. 【答案】would not stay 【详解】考查时态。句意：她告诉他她不会在这里呆太久。根据句意可知，此处应用过去将来时，结构为would (not)+动词原形，表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态。故填would not stay。 39．Miss Zhang said she (visit) the Great Wall the next summer. 【答案】would visit 【详解】考查时态。句意：张小姐说她明年夏天要去参观长城。根据句意以及时间状语the next summer可知，此处应用过去将来时，结构为would+动词原形，表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。故填would visit。 40．Mike was not sure whether his friend (lend) him the book the next morning. 【答案】would lend 【详解】考查时态。句意：迈克不确定他的朋友第二天早上是否会把书借给他。分析句子结构可知，此处whether引导的是宾语从句，本句主句的be动词是was，所以空处从句的谓语动词需用过去的某一种时态，由时间状语the next morning.可知，空处谓语动词需用过去将来时态：would do，表示过去看将要发生的动作。故填would lend。 二、翻译 41．我迫不及待地查看手机，想知道同学们如何评价我的表现。(comment) 【答案】I couldn’t wait to/could hardly wait to check my mobile phone, wondering how my classmates would comment on/make comments on my performance. 【详解】考查动词（短语）、名词（短语）、非谓语动词和宾语从句。句子应该是描述过去发生的事，时态用一般过去时；主语“我”用代词I，“迫不及待地做某事”可用动词短语couldn’t wait to do或could hardly wait to do，“查看”可用动词check，“手机”可用名词短语my mobile phone；“想知道同学们如何评价我的表现”可看作是和谓语行为同步发生的动作，用分词作伴随状语，“想知道”可用动词wonder，wonder和I逻辑上是主动关系，因此用wonder的现在分词形式；“同学们如何评价我的表现”是wondering的内容，可用how“如何”引导名词性从句作其宾语，从句时态用一般将来时，表示从过去某个时间看将来发生的事，即谓语用would do的形式，主语“同学们”可用名词短语my classmates，“评价”可用动词短语comment on或make comments on，“我的表现”可用名词短语my performance。故可译为：I couldn’t wait to/could hardly wait to check my mobile phone, wondering how my classmates would comment on/make comments on my performance. 42．令她喜忧参半的是，她将成年独立，再无家荫庇护。（what） 【答案】What makes her both happy and worried/concerned/ what gave her mixed feelings is/was that she will/would become an independent adult/grow up to be independent, no longer under her family’s shelter/without the shelter/protection of her family. 【详解】考查主语从句和表语从句。根据句意，该句可以理解为描述的是客观事实，主句使用一般现在时，也可以理解为讲述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，表示“令她喜忧参半的是”为主语从句作主语，使用what引导主语从句（what在从句中作主语），其中“令……喜忧参半”为make sb. both happy and worried/concerned或give sb. mixed feelings，主语从句的谓语动词使用单数形式is/was；表示“她将成年独立”为表语从句作表语，结合句意，以及主语从句和主句中的时态可以是一般现在时，也可以是一般过去时可知，表语从句中使用一般将来或者过去将来时，从句中不缺主语和宾语，且句意完整，所以使用that引导，其中“成年独立”为become an independent adult或grow up to be independent，“将”为will/would；表示“再无家荫庇护”为伴随状语，使用介词短语no longer under her family’s shelter或without the shelter/protection of her family表示。故翻译为What makes her both happy and worried/concerned/what gave her mixed feelings is/was that she will/would become an independent adult/grow up to be independent, no longer under her family’s shelter/without the shelter/protection of her family. 43．我突然想到，我父亲教我的宝贵的一课肯定会指引我未来的道路。 【答案】It occurred to me that the precious lesson taught by my Dad would definitely guide the way of my future. 【详解】考查固定句型、非谓语动词和动词。根据句意，表示“我突然想到”为固定句型“it occur to sb. that…”，其中it为形式主语，位于句首，首字母需大写，that引导的为主语从句作真正主语，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，所以使用一般过去时，谓语动词为occurred；表示“宝贵的一课”为the precious lesson作从句主语，表示“我父亲教我的”作定语修饰lesson，表示“教”为teach，与lesson之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词短语作后置定语，即taught by my father；表示“会指引我未来的道路”应为guide the way of my life，结合句意，该句描述的是发生在将来的动作，且主句为一般过去时，所以，此处使用过去将来时，谓语动词为would guide，表示“肯定”为definitely作状语修饰谓语，置于would与guide之间。故翻译为It occurred to me that the precious lesson taught by my Dad would definitely guide the way of my future. 44．我突然想到，爸爸教我的宝贵的一课肯定会指导我的未来。（it形式主语+主句从句） 【答案】It occurred to me that the precious lesson taught by my Dad would definitely guide the way of my future. 【详解】考查主语从句。句子是描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，“我突然想到”使用固定句型It occurred to me that，It是形式主语，that引导主语从句，“宝贵的一课”译为the precious lesson，“教”使用动词teach，和lesson之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词短语taught by my Dad作定语，“肯定”使用副词definitely，“指导我的未来”译为guide the way of my future，从句表示将来，使用过去将来时，故翻译为：It occurred to me that the precious lesson taught by my Dad would definitely guide the way of my future. 45．这是一个真正温暖人心的时刻，永远不会消失。 【答案】It was a truly heartwarming moment, which would never vanish. 【详解】考查名词，动词和定语从句。“这”用人称代词it作主语，“是”用be动词表示，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，“一个真正温暖人心的时刻”表示为a truly heartwarming moment作表语，其中副词truly作状语，修饰heartwarming，“永远不会消失”指这个时刻不会消失，可以用which引导的非限制性定语从句表示，which在从句中作主语，先行词是“时刻”，“消失”用动词vanish表示，根据句意可知，这个动作表示从过去看将要发生的事情，故用过去将来时。“永远不会”用副词never表示。故译为It was a truly heartwarming moment, which would never vanish。 46．爸爸说下星期去露营，他的眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 【答案】Dad said we would go camping next week, his eyes glittering\twinkling with excitement. 【详解】考查时态，从句，短语和独立主格。主语为Dad；表示“说”用say，为一般过去时；后跟省略that的宾语从句，由next week可知，表示过去将来的动作，用过去将来时，主语为we；表示“露营”短语为go camping，would后跟动词原形；表示“下星期”短语为next week；后跟独立主格结构，表示“他的眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒”翻译为his eyes glittering\twinkling with excitement，故翻译为Dad said we would go camping next week, his eyes glittering\twinkling with excitement. 47．我没有想到汤姆会被选为学生会主席。(occur) 【答案】It never occurred to me that Tom would be elected chairman of the Student’s Union. 【详解】考查固定句型和主语从句。根据句意，全句讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态；“我没有想到……”可用固定句型It never occurred to me that...表示，其中it是形式主语，that引导主语从句；“汤姆”作从句中主语，用Tom表示，“会被选为”是谓语，用过去将来时的被动语态would be elected，“学生会主席”作主语补足语，用chairman of the Student’s Union表示。全句译为：It never occurred to me that Tom would be elected chairman of the Student’s Union. 48．我们确实希望今后有更多有意义的活动。 【答案】We did hope there would be more meaningful activities in the coming future. 【详解】考查动词、名词和短语。表示“我们”应用we作主语；表示“确实希望”应用did hope，其中助动词did表示强调，描述过去的事，用了一般过去时；表示“今后”可以用介词短语in the coming future；表示“有”可以用there be句型，因为时间状语是“今后”，结合主句时态，可以用there would be；表示 “更多有意义的活动”用more meaningful activities。故翻译为We did hope there would be more meaningful activities in the coming future. 49．妈妈把雨伞放在门口，以便女儿离家时记得带走。 (in order that) 【答案】The mother left the umbrella at the door in order that her daughter would remember to take it with her when she left home. 【详解】考查状语从句。主句主语“妈妈”the mother，“把某物放在门口”leave sth. at the door，主句描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式left；“以便于”应用in order that引导目的状语从句，从句主语“女儿”her daughter，“记得做某事”remember to do sth.，从句表示从过去某一时间看，即将发生的动作，应用过去将来时，即would remember，“带走它”take it，“离家时”使用when引导时间状语从句，从句主语“她”she，“离家”leave home，从句使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式left。故翻译为The mother left the umbrella at the door in order that her daughter would remember to take it with her when she left home. 50．这支五人登山队被困野外时间越久，生还希望就越是渺茫。(survival) 【答案】The longer the mountaineering team of five members got stuck in the wild, the less hope of survival there would be. 【详解】考查固定句型、名词。表示“……时间越久，……的希望越渺茫”用the longer…the less hope of…；表示“这支五人登山队”用the mountaineering team of five members；表示“困住”用get stuck；表示“在野外”用in the wild；此事已发生，故get stuck用过去式；表示“生还”用survival，作介词of的宾语；表示“生还希望就越是渺茫”用the less hope of survival there would be，此处用过去将来时；句首单词首字母用大写；故翻译为The longer the mountaineering team of five members got stuck in the wild, the less hope of survival there would be. 51．训练将在两个星期后开始，我决心重返赛场。 【答案】Practices were going to start in two weeks and I was determined to get back on the court. 【详解】考查时态，和短语。分析句子可知，用and连接两个并列句，前一分句主语是practice“训练”，根据句意，用复数，时间状语in two weeks“两个星期以后”，表示过去的将来的动作用过去将来时，表示打算做某事，用be going to结构，后一分句时态为一般过去时，主语是I，“决心”译为be determined to do sth.，get back“返回”，on the court“在赛场上”，结合主谓一致原则，故答案为Practices were going to start in two weeks and I was determined to get back on the court. 52．他们一言不发地听着，都知道安慰她只会让她更生气。 【答案】They listened in silence,aware that any attempt to calm her would only increase her annoyance. 【详解】考查时态、介词短语、不定式、形容词和宾语从句。根据句意，句中涉及介词短语 in silence(一言不发地、缄默地)，在句中作状语；be aware that知道……，此处省略be，在句中作状语；any attempt to do，任何做……的尝试，其中不定式作后置定语；would only increase her annoyance只会让她更生气，其中would表过去将来，故翻译为：They listened in silence,aware that any attempt to calm her would only increase her annoyance. 53．四分之一的受访学生承认上网课时会因为手机而分心。 （admit） 【答案】A quarter of the students interviewed admitted that they would be distracted by cell phone when having online courses. 【详解】考查动词时态、宾语从句和状语从句的省略。表示“四分之一的学生”应用A quarter of the students作主语；表示“采访”应用interview与主语之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式作定语；表示“承认”应用admit作谓语动词，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，表示“上网课时会因为手机而分心”应为宾语从句作admitted的宾语，结合句意可知，从句表示将来的动作，所以此处使用过去将来时，从句中不缺句子成分，且句意完整，所以此处使用that引导宾语从句；表示“他们”应用they；表示“因为……而分心”应用be distracted by作谓语，所以be动词应为would be distracted by；表示“手机”应用cellphones作宾语；表示“上网课时”应用when having online courses。为状语从句的省略。故翻译为A quarter of the students interviewed admitted that they would be distracted by cell phone when having online courses. 54．最后，所有挣来的钱都会捐给有需要的学生。 【答案】In the end, all the money earned would go to the students in need. 【详解】考查物化主语，固定短语和后置定语。分析句意，“最后”是in the end，主语是事物名词“钱”，定语“挣来的”中的“挣”与主语构成被动关系，故可使用过去分词作后置定语，修饰money，即all the money earned；“捐给”的实际动作执行者是人，根据物化主语的相关知识，我们可用原本表示人的动作或行为的动词来做谓语，此处用go to（表示钱的去向）为佳，“有需要的”可用in need，全句表示对未来的打算、判断，可用较为委婉的would，综上翻译为：In the end, all the money earned would go to the students in need. 55．当那些外宾正要离开时，天就开始下雨了。（about） 【答案】The foreign guests were about to leave when it began to rain. 【详解】考查固定短语。陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，表示“那些外宾”应用the foreign guests；短语be about to do when…“正要做某事，突然……”，be动词用were；表示“离开”应用leave；表示“开始做某事”应用begin to do sth.，begin使用过去式began；表示“下雨”应用rain。故译为The foreign guests were about to leave when it began to rain. 7 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 过去将来时 目录 考情分析与命题趋势.......................................................................................................1 知识体系构建...................................................................................................................1 考点精析与突破...............................................................................................................2 考点：过去将来时（重点）...........................................................................................2 实战精练与提升...............................................................................................................8 一、考试要求 谓语动词的时态、语态是高考的必考项目。过去将来时就是其中较为重要的考点。这些时态所对应的被动语态的运用也要牢固掌握。要准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义，捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息，务必要克服汉语式的惯性思维，排除误导，培养发散性思维习惯。 二、命题分析 考点 考频 考查内容 命题趋势 过去将来时 5年3考 过去将来时与其被动语态 预测2026年在听力、语法填空和写作中考查 过去将来时 核心概念：立足于“过去”，谈“将来” 四大结构： ①would do (最通用) ②was/were going to do (计划/迹象) ③was/were to do (计划/命运) ④was/were about to do (即刻将来) 三大考点： 宾语从句 (主句过去，从句过去将来) 状语从句 (主过将从) 结构辨析 (意图和单纯将来) 过去将来时考点精析 在高考中很少单独考查，而是嵌套在复合句和特定语境中，主要考查学生的逻辑判断能力。 命题方向一：宾语从句中的“时态呼应” 当主句谓语是过去时（如 said, thought, knew, believed, promised 等），且宾语从句表示一个尚未发生的动作时，必须使用过去将来时。 例子 He said, “I will come to your party.” 考题：He said that he ______ to my party. A. will come B. would come C. came D. comes 答案：B 突破技巧：看到主句谓语是过去时，立即检查从句动作的时间性。如果该动作发生在“说/想”之后，果断选择过去将来时。 变式题 1: The scientist confirmed that his team ______ the experiment by the end of the following month. A. completes B. completed C. would complete D. will complete 变式题 2: I thought you ______ nothing about it until I told you. A. know B. knew C. will know D. would know 变式题 3: She believed that the solution ______ in technological innovation. A. lies B. lay C. would lie D. will lie 命题方向二：时间与条件状语从句中的“主过将从” 这是“主将从现”原则的过去版本。当主句是过去将来时，由 if, when, as soon as, until 等引导的时间和条件状语从句，必须用一般过去时来代替过去将来时。 例子 He said, “If it rains, I will stay at home.” 考题：He said that if it ______, he ______ at home. A. rained; would stay B. rains; will stay C. had rained; would stay D. rains; would stay 答案：A 突破技巧：牢记公式：主句 (would do) + if/when 从句 (一般过去时)。解题时，先确定主句需要过去将来时，那么从句就直接用一般过去时。 变式题 1: My parents promised they would buy me a new bike if I ______ well in the final exam. A. do B. did C. have done D. would do 变式题 2: He said he would wait until she ______ back. A. comes B. came C. would come D. will come 变式题 3: She told me she would contact me as soon as she ______ any news. A. gets B. got C. would get D. will get 命题方向三：结构辨析与语境选择 高考不仅考查“对不对”，更考查“好不好”。要求考生根据上下文语境，选择最贴切的过去将来时结构。 would do 单纯将来/意愿、承诺、预言、无明确计划的将来 He promised he would never lie again. was/were going to do 计划或迹象 已有打算、基于迹象的预测 She told me she was going to study abroad. (早有此计划) was/were to do 按计划、安排、正式日程、历史中“注定”的事 The president was to visit China the next month. was/were about to do 即刻的将来 “正要…突然”，不与具体时间连用 I was about to call you when you walked in. 例子 The sky was dark. It ______ rain. A. will B. was going to C. is about to D. was to 答案：B (根据迹象“天空变暗”进行的推测) 变式题 1: I felt a bit nervous as I ______ to give my first public speech. A. will B. was going C. was about D. was to 变式题 2: Look at the setting sun! We ______ late for the train if we didn't hurry up. A. were B. were going to be C. were about to be D. were to be 变式题 3: According to the schedule, the guest speaker ______ begin his lecture at 9:00 a.m. sharp. A. would B. was going to C. was about to D. was to 命题方向四：虚拟语气中的隐含考查 在表示与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句中，主句的构成是 would/could/might do，这本身就是一种过去将来时的形式，表示“（在假想条件下）将会做某事”。 例子 If I were you, I would accept that job offer. （如果我是你，我会接受那个工作机会。） “接受”这个动作在假想条件下将会发生。 突破技巧：见到 If I were/did..., ... would do... 结构，要能识别出其中包含的过去将来时概念。 变式题 1 If it ______ Sunday tomorrow, I ______ go to the museum with you. A. is; will B. were; would C. was; will D. is; would 答案：B 详解： 从句“明天是周日”是一个与将来事实可能相反的假设（因为明天实际上不是周日）。在表示与将来事实可能相反的虚拟语气中，从句动词可用 were to do 或过去式（be动词用 were），主句用 would/could/might do。故此处选 were; would。 变式题 2 He talks as if he ______ everything about the universe. A. knows B. knew C. will know D. has known 变式题 3 I would have called you yesterday if I ______ your phone number. A. had B. had had C. have D. would have 过去将来时高分突破：解题“四步法” 面对含有复杂从句的题目，遵循以下步骤，可以让你思路清晰，避免失误。 Step 1: 寻标志 快速扫描句子，找到主句的谓语动词，判断其时态。如果主句是过去时，进入高度警戒状态。 Step 2: 判从句 识别出宾语从句、状语从句等。重点关注连接词，如 that, if, when, what 等。 Step 3: 定时态 分析从句动作与主句动作的先后关系。 从句动作 晚于 主句动作 → 过去将来时 从句是客观真理 → 一般现在时 从句动作与主句动作 同时 发生 → 一般过去时/过去进行时 Step 4: 选结构 根据语境选择最合适的过去将来时结构。 一般情况，首选 would do。 强调“计划、打算”或“迹象”，选 was/were going to do。 在条件/时间状语从句中，主句用 would do，从句用 一般过去时。 一、单句语法填空 1．She had more experience as a judge than some of her soon-to-be-colleagues and (become) the only justice to have served as a public defender. 2．This morning, I was worried that no one (will) talk to me. But I was wrong. I didn’t feel awkward or frightened at all. 3．The company still claimed that most people (be) travelling in driverless cars one day soon. 4．Last Sunday he promised he but he hasn’t arrived until now. (come) 5．The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in number, (gather) around her before she even had a chance (take) the bag of rice out from her handbag. 6．As he proudly signed his name at the bottom of the page, Beethoven tried to imagine how people (respond) when they heard it for the first time. 7．I wasn’t sure whether the postman (deliver) me the package on time. 8．—What did your son say in the letter? —He told me that he (visit) the Disney World the next day. 9．I didn’t know when she (come), but when she came I would let you know. 10．I wasn’t sure whether he (lend) me his book next Monday. 11．I made up my mind I (find) out what was good in my present situation. 12．Susan told me last night that she (go) to Spain next month to further her study. 13．He began to think that he (save) eggs until they were in short supply. 14．How pleased and proud Mother (be) when they brought her breakfast in bed. 15．He said that he (volunteer) to teach kids in the orphanage after he graduated from university. 16．— He left for Beijing this morning. — Oh, I thought he (not go) until next week. 17．He said he (deliver) a speech next week. 18．Another group was asked to predict whether or not they (cheat) for each question. 19．While Henry Ford hoped to make automobiles accessible to the average Americans, he likely never dreamed the world (reach) the point it has today. 20．Li Ming said he (be) happy if Brian came to China next month. 21．Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he (be) a famous scientist whose theories would change the world. 22．George said that he (come) to school to see me the next day, but he didn’t. 23．When he (open) the door, he found his keys were nowhere. 24．At college, Barack Obama didn't know that he (become) the first black president of the United States of America.   25．James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he (come) until yesterday. 26．He was working on the assumption that if he produced a clone of the dog, his boss (approve) his promotion. 27．They made up their minds that they (buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs. 28．No one knew when he (go) to finish his homework. 29．Jack was so busy when we saw him, because he (make) a speech the next day. 30．He said that he (buy) some story books tomorrow morning. 31．I asked her when she (come) back from the holiday. 32．Breakfast (serve) between 7:00 and 8:00 tomorrow morning, we'd better get up early. 33．Dr. Smith said he (give) a speech on how to reduce stress the next week. 34．Whenever she had time,she (help) them with their work. 35．Ken was so busy when we saw him,because he (make) a speech the next day. 36．She didn’t tell me where she (go). 37．I wasn’t sure whether Lucy (come) the next year. 38．She told him that she (not stay) here for long. 39．Miss Zhang said she (visit) the Great Wall the next summer. 40．Mike was not sure whether his friend (lend) him the book the next morning. 二、翻译 41．我迫不及待地查看手机，想知道同学们如何评价我的表现。(comment) 42．令她喜忧参半的是，她将成年独立，再无家荫庇护。（what） 43．我突然想到，我父亲教我的宝贵的一课肯定会指引我未来的道路。 44．我突然想到，爸爸教我的宝贵的一课肯定会指导我的未来。（it形式主语+主句从句） 45．这是一个真正温暖人心的时刻，永远不会消失。 46．爸爸说下星期去露营，他的眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 47．我没有想到汤姆会被选为学生会主席。(occur) 48．我们确实希望今后有更多有意义的活动。 49．妈妈把雨伞放在门口，以便女儿离家时记得带走。 (in order that) 50．这支五人登山队被困野外时间越久，生还希望就越是渺茫。(survival) 51．训练将在两个星期后开始，我决心重返赛场。 52．他们一言不发地听着，都知道安慰她只会让她更生气。 53．四分之一的受访学生承认上网课时会因为手机而分心。 （admit） 54．最后，所有挣来的钱都会捐给有需要的学生。 55．当那些外宾正要离开时，天就开始下雨了。（about） 7 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $