专题02 现在进行时+过去进行时（复习讲义）（广东小高考专用）2026年春季高考英语

专题02 现在进行时+过去进行时 目录 考情分析与命题趋势.......................................................................................................1 知识体系构建...................................................................................................................2 考点精析与突破...............................................................................................................2 考点一：现在进行时（重点）.......................................................................................2 考点二：过去进行时（常考点）...................................................................................7 实战精练与提升...............................................................................................................11 一、考试要求 谓语动词的时态、语态是高考的必考项目。现在进行时、过去进行时、就是其中较为重要的考点。这些时态所对应的被动语态的运用也要牢固掌握。要准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义，捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息，务必要克服汉语式的惯性思维，排除误导，培养发散性思维习惯。 二、命题分析 考点 考频 考查内容 命题趋势 现在进行时 5年2考 现在进行时与其被动语态 预测2026年在听力、语法填空和写作中考查 过去进行时 5年3考 过去进行时与其被动语态 预测2026年在听力、语法填空和写作中考查 现在进行时 概念：表示现在或当前阶段正在发生或进行的动作。 结构：am/is/are + 动词的现在分词（V-ing） 用法： 表示说话时正在进行的动作 表示当前一段时间内正在进行的活动（但说话时不一定正在进行） 表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作（常用于位移动词） 与always, constantly, forever等连用，表达赞扬、批评、抱怨等感情色彩 标志词：now, at the moment, right now, Look! Listen! 等。 过去进行时 概念：表示过去某一特定时刻或某段时间正在发生或进行的动作。 结构：was/were + 动词的现在分词（V-ing） 用法： 表示过去某一具体时刻正在发生的动作 表示过去某一段时间内持续进行的动作 作为背景描述，为另一个过去动作的发生提供场景 标志词：at this time yesterday, at 8 p.m. last night, when/while/as 引导的时间状语从句。 现在进行时考点精析 考点一：说话瞬间正在进行的动作 标志词: Look! Listen! Be quiet! Hurry up! Where is sb.? 解题关键: 题干或对话中常不直接出现"now"，需要通过上下文语境判断。 例子 — Is Tom in the library? — No, he ______ football on the playground. A. plays B. played C. is playing D. has played 答案: C (问的是"现在"Tom在哪儿，在干什么) 变式题 1: — Listen! Someone ______ for help downstairs. — Oh, my god! Let's go and see what's happening. A. shouts B. is shouting C. shouted D. has shouted 变式题 2: — Could you please turn down the TV? I ______ on my report. — Sorry, I didn't know that. A. work B. worked C. am working D. have worked 变式题 3: — Where is Mom? — She ______ in the kitchen. The light is on. A. cooks B. is cooking C. cooked D. was cooking 考点二：当前一段时期的活动 标志词: these days, this week/month/year, at present, currently 解题关键: 动作具有临时性和阶段性，与表示永久性习惯的一般现在时形成对比。 例子 He usually wears a suit, but he ______ a casual jacket this week. A. wears B. wore C. is wearing D. has worn 答案: C ("usually"表习惯，用一般现在时；"this week"是当前阶段，用现在进行时，强调临时性。) 变式题 1: I normally live in Beijing, but I ______ in Shanghai for a project this month. A. live B. am living C. lived D. have lived 变式题 2: Don't lend him any books these days. He ______ for his important exam and needs no distraction. A. prepares B. is preparing C. prepared D. was preparing 变式题 3: The company usually focuses on the local market, but at present it ______ to expand internationally. A. tries B. is trying C. tried D. has tried 考点三：表示将来的确定安排 常用动词: come, go, leave, arrive, start, fly, do (e.g., What are we doing tonight?) 解题关键: 必须有明确的将来时间状语，且动作是计划好、已确定的，接近于"be going to"。 例子 I ______ for Shanghai this afternoon. My train leaves at 3:00 PM. A. leave B. left C. am leaving D. have left 答案: C ("this afternoon"是将来时间，"My train leaves at 3:00 PM"说明安排已定。) 变式题 1: Hurry up! The flight ______ in forty minutes, and we haven't even passed the security check! A. takes off B. is taking off C. took off D. has taken off 变式题 2: — What ______ this weekend? — Nothing much. Maybe I'll just stay home and relax. A. do you do B. are you doing C. did you do D. have you done 变式题 3: I can't join you for the game tonight. My cousin ______ from the UK, and we're going to have a family dinner. A. arrives B. is arriving C. arrived D. has arrived 考点四：情感色彩用法与always, constantly, continually, forever等连用。 表达含义: 表示说话人的不满、抱怨、赞扬等强烈感情色彩，而非客观事实。 解题关键: 判断句子是客观描述还是主观评价。 例子 Although he is a lovely boy, he ______ always ______ trouble for his parents. A. is...making B. /...makes C. has...made D. was...making 答案: A (此处带有抱怨的感情色彩，强调他"老是"惹麻烦，用现在进行时。如果选B，则只是客观陈述一个事实，语气平淡，不符合句首"虽然他是个可爱的孩子"所隐含的转折语气。) 变式题 1: I've told him a hundred times, but he ______ forever ______ the same mistake. It's so frustrating! A. is...making B. /...makes C. has...made D. was...making 变式题 2: She is a really nice person. She ______ always ______ others without expecting anything in return. A. is...helping B. /...helps C. helped D. was...helping 变式题 3: That old car of my father's ______ constantly ______ down. We should really consider buying a new one. A. is...breaking B. /...breaks C. has...broken D. was...breaking 过去进行时考点精析 考点一：过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 标志词: at 9 last night, at that time, this time yesterday, 以及when/while/as引导的时间状语从句。 解题关键: 句子中必须有一个明确的过去时间点或另一个过去的动作作为参照。 例子 — What were you doing when the rainstorm came? — I ______ in the library. A. read B. was reading C. had read D. have read 答案: B ("came"是一个过去的瞬间点，询问在那个瞬间"正在"做什么。) 变式题 1: I called him at 9 last night, but he didn't answer. He ______ a bath at that time. A. took B. was taking C. had taken D. has taken 变式题 2: When I entered the room, everyone ______. Some were reading newspapers, and others were chatting. A. is busy B. was busy C. has been busy D. had been busy 变式题 3: I saw John in the park this morning. He ______ on a bench and ______ to music. A. sat...listened B. was sitting...was listening C. sat...was listening D. was sitting...listened 考点二：经典组合 - When 与 While 的辨析，这是高考的绝对热点，必须掌握。 When：后既可接一般过去时（瞬间动词），表示另一个动作突然发生；也可接过去进行时（延续性动词）。 While：后必须接延续性动词（过去进行时或一般过去时态下的状态动词），表示"在...期间"。 When + 一般过去时 (主句用过去进行时) 当一个瞬间动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。When the teacher came in, we were discussing. While + 过去进行时 (主句用一般过去时) 在一個持续动作的过程中，另一个动作发生了。While we were discussing, the teacher came in. While + 过去进行时, ...过去进行时 两个同时持续的动作，互为背景。 While I was cooking, he was watching TV. 例子 The phone ______ while I ______ my homework. A. rang...was doing B. was ringing...did C. rang...did D. was ringing...was doing 答案: A ("打电话"是瞬间动作，用一般过去时；"做作业"是持续过程，用过去进行时。) 变式题 1: ______ I was walking the dog in the neighborhood, I met my primary school teacher. A. When B. While C. As D. Since 变式题 2: The power went out suddenly ______ we were watching the final match of the World Cup. A. when B. while C. until D. before 变式题 3: ______ the children were playing happily in the garden, their parents were preparing dinner in the kitchen. A. When B. While C. As soon as D. Since 考点三：背景描绘功能 解题关键: 过去进行时常被用来描述故事发生的背景，从而引出主要事件。 例子 It was getting dark. The wind was blowing strongly. I was walking alone on the street when I heard steps behind me. 变式题 1: The sun ______, and a gentle breeze ______. I ______ on the beach, enjoying the peace, when suddenly a loud scream broke the silence. A. shined B. was shining C. shone D. had shined A. blew B. was blowing C. had blown D. would blow A. lay B. was lying C. had lain D. would lie 变式题 2: I ______ (drive) home from work. It ______ (rain) heavily, and the traffic ______ (move) very slowly. Suddenly, a car behind me ______ (hit) my bumper. 变式题 3: He ______ his blog, ______ about his travels, and ______ with his online friends when his computer crashed. A. updated... wrote... chatted B. was updating... writing... chatting C. was updating... was writing... was chatting D. updated... was writing... chatted 现在进行时，过去进行时易错点 易错点：状态动词不用进行时 情感：like, love, hate, prefer, adore 思维/看法：know, believe, understand, realize, think（认为）, suppose, mean 感官：see, hear, smell, taste, sound, seem, appear 拥有/归属：have, own, possess, belong, contain 需求：want, need, desire 例子 I ______ what you mean. You don't need to explain again. A. understand B. understood C. am understanding D. have understood 答案: A ("understand"是状态动词，不用进行时。此处表示状态，用一般现在时。) 单句语法填空 1．The scientist is the experimental data, knowing her results must stand up to with established theories. (comparison) 2．Professor Smith, along with his assistants, (work) on the project day and night to meet the deadline these days. 3．As well as expanding renewable energy generation, EU member states (seek) fossil fuels from other nations, such as gas from Qatar and oil from Saudi Arabia. 4．“The president is here. We are all here. Our troops are here,” he said, surrounded by his top aides. “We (defend) our independence, our state, and that will continue.” 5．Now, I (live) out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English. 6．The reason why he is lost in is that he on/upon the problem, which in the list. (reflect) 7．If you are learning new words, it is wise to use small cards. If you (organise) your thoughts or notes, try a mind map. 8．Be quiet! The baby (sleep). 9．The Chinese badminton team (be) playing magnificently. 10．—Have you ever seen Peter recently? —Yes. He (ask) me how you (get) along with your job these days. 11．—Are you still very busy? —Yes, I (write) a report for the manager but it won’t take long. 12．The World Health Organization warns that millions of people (suffer) from indoor air pollution at the present time, which results from the use of dangerous fuels and cook­stoves at home. 13．Because of climate change, the ice that polar bears depend on for survival (disappear) slowly. 14．Imagine that a police officer (chase) a thief. The thief tries to escape. And the officer can’t let him get away. 15．Look! The monkey (climb) the tree. 16．The doctor says the patient is faster than expected and that sunshine, fresh air and proper rest will do good to his . (recover) 17．He (leave) for London in two hours to attend an important meeting. 18．As New Year’s Day (come), people are busy preparing for it. 19．The baby is lying on bed while Mary (plan) by computer at her desk. 20．Engineers (set) up over 15,000 sensors (传感器) nationwide and wiring them into a web. 21．Mr. Smith as well as two of his students (do) the experiment with care at the moment. 22．The team (drive) to the game in their own cars now. 23．Look! The police (search) the woods now and surely the thief (catch) very soon. 24．At present the police (look) for the lost boy whose trousers (be) blue. 25．Apple fans are (queue) outside the store to buy the new Apple iPhone 6 which will be on sale tomorrow. 26．They (work) on the program for almost one week before I joined them，and now we (work) on it as no good results have come out so far. 27．Look, such beautiful flowers (be) the girl carrying that she becomes the focus in the room. 28．But Cobb and others (be)now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely 29．But Cobb and others (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and (change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. 30．The oven in her kitchen (give) off a sweet smell. Do you know what she is cooking? 31．The couple (argue) about where to spend their holiday when I passed their house yesterday evening. 32．I (have) breakfast with my three children water started filling my home. 33．Just last year, I (conduct) a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. 34．His family (rush) him to hospital in a vehicle when they came across an ambulance attending to another call out and flagged it down. 35．He spent a lot of time meeting with people throughout the company and trying to figure out how the company (try) to handle issues and what those problems were. 36．I (turn) the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand. 37．These are some old photos I found while I (look) through some things at Gran’s cottage. 38．My muscles (ache)and my knees were shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home. 39．He throws his arms and legs out as if he (fly), his eyes wide with excitement.   40．The two girls (whisper) when the head teacher came in from the backdoor. 41．Nathen ________ (cycle) along a remote road when he came across an abandoned kitten. 42．When I said someone was foolish, I (not refer) to you. 43．Did you predict that many students (sign) up for the dance competition? 44．I (search) the Internet for the relevant information when my cellphone rang. 45．I (stand) by the car when a hummingbird flew to the center of our group and began hovering. 46．I (show) the boys a chemistry experiment when the (mix) was bubbling out of the test tube (spill) everywhere. 47．Last Monday, I (walk) in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle. 48．We were (leave) very early so we packed the night before. 49．David (wander) in the street alone when someone patted him on the shoulder. 50．His mother said that she (check) his homework at that time. 51．The big fire (break) out on the morning of April 25 , 2005, when most of the villagers (sleep) soundly then. 52．When I said someone was foolish, I wasn’t (refer) to you. 53．Ⅰ (expect) the movie to end happily, but actually it has a sad ending. 54．I’ll always remember the woman who gave me tissues while I was crying on the train. I (try) so hard to calm down when she handed me the tissues. 55．—Do you know where Tom is? —He (read) in the reading room this morning, but I don’t know if he is still there. 56．He suspected that the military (plot) against him secretly for the time being. 57．The last time I saw Jane she (pick) cotton in the fields. 58．I (clean) the streets in our neighborhood this time yesterday when you called me. 59．While William (expect)to become the new Prince of Wales eventually, it wasn’t clear when Charles would decide to grant him the title. 60．Jack （work）in the lab when the power cut occurred. 二、翻译 61．仅仅因为你现在是个爱早起的人并不意味着你不被允许晚起。（operate） 62．为抵御台风来袭，志愿者们正顶风冒雨，挨家挨户提醒居民把盆栽搬入室内。（regardless of） 63．她总是向我抱怨她在工作中如何受亏待。 64．数字乡村建设促进了农村消费方式转变，让农民生活更便捷、更美好。(which) 65．我现在写信来简要地介绍中秋节以回应你的上一封信。(response) 66．我们期待着这么一天，每个人都可以有受教育的平等机会。(when) 67．夜已深, 妈妈还在陪孩子写作业。(accompany) 68．我写信是想问，我能不能在你的美术馆做志愿者。(宾语从句) 69．因此我想知道有没有可能允许我们随意选择搭档。 70．与过去相比，我们现在过着幸福健康的生活。 71．他过马路时心不在焉，险些被车撞。(escape) 72．她时不时地偷眼看他是否在注意自己。 73．当她得知自己获得一等奖的消息时，她高兴地心怦怦直跳。 74．约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去 75．我感到一种奇怪的恐惧感内疚。 76．她红红的脸因激动而发亮。 77．她吓得双手颤抖。 78．他觉得心如刀割。 79．我们正在做饼干，这时有人敲门。 80．他充满了怒火。 7 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 现在进行时+过去进行时 目录 考情分析与命题趋势.......................................................................................................1 知识体系构建...................................................................................................................2 考点精析与突破...............................................................................................................2 考点一：现在进行时（重点）.......................................................................................2 考点二：过去进行时（常考点）...................................................................................7 实战精练与提升...............................................................................................................11 一、考试要求 谓语动词的时态、语态是高考的必考项目。现在进行时、过去进行时、就是其中较为重要的考点。这些时态所对应的被动语态的运用也要牢固掌握。要准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义，捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息，务必要克服汉语式的惯性思维，排除误导，培养发散性思维习惯。 二、命题分析 考点 考频 考查内容 命题趋势 现在进行时 5年2考 现在进行时与其被动语态 预测2026年在听力、语法填空和写作中考查 过去进行时 5年3考 过去进行时与其被动语态 预测2026年在听力、语法填空和写作中考查 现在进行时 概念：表示现在或当前阶段正在发生或进行的动作。 结构：am/is/are + 动词的现在分词（V-ing） 用法： 表示说话时正在进行的动作 表示当前一段时间内正在进行的活动（但说话时不一定正在进行） 表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作（常用于位移动词） 与always, constantly, forever等连用，表达赞扬、批评、抱怨等感情色彩 标志词：now, at the moment, right now, Look! Listen! 等。 过去进行时 概念：表示过去某一特定时刻或某段时间正在发生或进行的动作。 结构：was/were + 动词的现在分词（V-ing） 用法： 表示过去某一具体时刻正在发生的动作 表示过去某一段时间内持续进行的动作 作为背景描述，为另一个过去动作的发生提供场景 标志词：at this time yesterday, at 8 p.m. last night, when/while/as 引导的时间状语从句。 现在进行时考点精析 考点一：说话瞬间正在进行的动作 标志词: Look! Listen! Be quiet! Hurry up! Where is sb.? 解题关键: 题干或对话中常不直接出现"now"，需要通过上下文语境判断。 例子 — Is Tom in the library? — No, he ______ football on the playground. A. plays B. played C. is playing D. has played 答案: C (问的是"现在"Tom在哪儿，在干什么) 变式题 1: — Listen! Someone ______ for help downstairs. — Oh, my god! Let's go and see what's happening. A. shouts B. is shouting C. shouted D. has shouted 答案：B 关键线索： 句首的“Listen!”是典型的现在进行时标志词，它要求听者注意正在发生的声音或事件。因此，这里描述的是“有人正在楼下呼救”这一瞬间正在进行的动作。A（一般现在时）表示习惯性动作，不符合紧急语境；C和D表示动作已经发生，与“Listen!”要求的即时性不匹配。 变式题 2: — Could you please turn down the TV? I ______ on my report. — Sorry, I didn't know that. A. work B. worked C. am working D. have worked 答案：C 关键线索： 此题没有明显的时间状语，需要通过上下文逻辑判断。说话人请求对方关小电视，原因是“我正在写报告”。这个动作是说话时正在进行的，并且被打扰了。A表示习惯性工作，B表示过去工作过，D表示已经完成，均不能表达“此刻正在进行的、被打断的”动作。 变式题 3: — Where is Mom? — She ______ in the kitchen. The light is on. A. cooks B. is cooking C. cooked D. was cooking 答案：B 关键线索： 问句“Where is Mom?”询问的是此刻的位置和状态。答句后半部分“灯亮着”为推断提供了即时的、当前的证据，强烈暗示一个正在发生的动作。虽然“cook”这个动作本身可能看不到，但由此证据可推断“她正在厨房做饭”。A表示习惯，C表示过去，D表示过去正在，都与当前语境不符。 考点二：当前一段时期的活动 标志词: these days, this week/month/year, at present, currently 解题关键: 动作具有临时性和阶段性，与表示永久性习惯的一般现在时形成对比。 例子 He usually wears a suit, but he ______ a casual jacket this week. A. wears B. wore C. is wearing D. has worn 答案: C ("usually"表习惯，用一般现在时；"this week"是当前阶段，用现在进行时，强调临时性。) 变式题 1: I normally live in Beijing, but I ______ in Shanghai for a project this month. A. live B. am living C. lived D. have lived 答案：B 关键线索： 前半句“normally live”使用一般现在时，表明常住北京是习惯或永久状态。后半句的“this month”是一个临时的、当前的阶段。前后形成鲜明对比，强调本月情况的临时性，故用现在进行时。D（现在完成时）强调从过去持续到现在的影响，但这里更侧重“现阶段临时居住”这一进行状态。 变式题 2: Don't lend him any books these days. He ______ for his important exam and needs no distraction. A. prepares B. is preparing C. prepared D. was preparing 答案：B 关键线索： 时间状语“these days”指明了这是当前一段时间内持续的活动。整个句子的语境（别借书给他、不能分心）也说明“备考”是一个正在进行的、需要全身心投入的阶段性任务。A（一般现在时）表示他总有这个习惯，不合逻辑。 变式题 3: The company usually focuses on the local market, but at present it ______ to expand internationally. A. tries B. is trying C. tried D. has tried 答案：B 关键线索： “usually”再-次点明一般情况，与“at present”（目前，当前）形成对比。“at present”是现在进行时表示现阶段活动的典型标志词。这里描述的是公司当前阶段正在做出的努力，是一个进行中的、临时性的战略转变。 考点三：表示将来的确定安排 常用动词: come, go, leave, arrive, start, fly, do (e.g., What are we doing tonight?) 解题关键: 必须有明确的将来时间状语，且动作是计划好、已确定的，接近于"be going to"。 例子 I ______ for Shanghai this afternoon. My train leaves at 3:00 PM. A. leave B. left C. am leaving D. have left 答案: C ("this afternoon"是将来时间，"My train leaves at 3:00 PM"说明安排已定。) 变式题 1: Hurry up! The flight ______ in forty minutes, and we haven't even passed the security check! A. takes off B. is taking off C. took off D. has taken off 答案：B 关键线索： 句中的“in forty minutes”是将来的时间点。“Hurry up!”和后半句的紧急情况都表明这是一个即将发生且不可更改的事件（航班起飞）。飞机、火车的时刻表是固定安排，常用进行时表将来。A（一般现在时）虽也可用于时刻表，但更强调规定本身，而这里强调“即将”的紧迫感，进行时更佳。 变式题 2: — What ______ this weekend? — Nothing much. Maybe I'll just stay home and relax. A. do you do B. are you doing C. did you do D. have you done 答案：B 关键线索： “this weekend”是将来时间。问句“What are you doing...?”是询问对方近期确定的计划和安排的口语化表达。答句“没什么事”恰恰是对这种询问计划的回应。A（一般现在时）询问习惯，不符合语境。 变式题 3: I can't join you for the game tonight. My cousin ______ from the UK, and we're going to have a family dinner. A. arrives B. is arriving C. arrived D. has arrived 答案：B 关键线索： 时间状语“tonight”表将来。后半句解释原因：“我表哥要从英国来”，这是一个已经计划好的行程（票已买好，时间已定），并且由此引出了后续的“家庭晚餐”安排。因此，位移动词“arrive”用现在进行时表示确定的将来安排。 考点四：情感色彩用法与always, constantly, continually, forever等连用。 表达含义: 表示说话人的不满、抱怨、赞扬等强烈感情色彩，而非客观事实。 解题关键: 判断句子是客观描述还是主观评价。 例子 Although he is a lovely boy, he ______ always ______ trouble for his parents. A. is...making B. /...makes C. has...made D. was...making 答案: A (此处带有抱怨的感情色彩，强调他"老是"惹麻烦，用现在进行时。如果选B，则只是客观陈述一个事实，语气平淡，不符合句首"虽然他是个可爱的孩子"所隐含的转折语气。) 变式题 1: I've told him a hundred times, but he ______ forever ______ the same mistake. It's so frustrating! A. is...making B. /...makes C. has...made D. was...making 答案：A 关键线索： 副词“forever”与进行时连用，配合后半句“It's so frustrating!（太让人沮丧了！）”，强烈表达了说话人的不满和抱怨。如果选B，句子就变成了一个没有感情色彩的客观事实陈述（他永远犯同一个错误），与后半句的强烈情绪不匹配。 变式题 2: She is a really nice person. She ______ always ______ others without expecting anything in return. A. is...helping B. /...helps C. helped D. was...helping 答案：A 关键线索： 句首的“她是个非常好的人”定下了赞扬的基调。将“always”与现在进行时连用，并非指责她“老是帮忙”，而是为了高度赞扬她“一直、总是”乐于助人的美好品质，带有欣赏和感激的感情色彩。B选项只是一般性描述，情感色彩较弱。 变式题 3: That old car of my father's ______ constantly ______ down. We should really consider buying a new one. A. is...breaking B. /...breaks C. has...broken D. was...breaking 答案：A 关键线索： 副词“constantly”与进行时连用，结合后半句的建议“我们真该考虑买辆新的”，清晰地传达出说话人对这辆老爷车频繁出故障的强烈抱怨和不耐烦。这种用法比一般现在时（B选项）更能生动地体现“三天两头坏，让人受不了”的意味。 过去进行时考点精析 考点一：过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 标志词: at 9 last night, at that time, this time yesterday, 以及when/while/as引导的时间状语从句。 解题关键: 句子中必须有一个明确的过去时间点或另一个过去的动作作为参照。 例子 — What were you doing when the rainstorm came? — I ______ in the library. A. read B. was reading C. had read D. have read 答案: B ("came"是一个过去的瞬间点，询问在那个瞬间"正在"做什么。) 变式题 1: I called him at 9 last night, but he didn't answer. He ______ a bath at that time. A. took B. was taking C. had taken D. has taken 答案：B 关键线索： 明确的时间点“at that time”指代的就是前一句的“at 9 last night”。这个具体的过去时间点是使用过去进行时的典型标志，描述在那个精确的时刻“他正在洗澡”。A（一般过去时）只表示动作发生过，无法体现“在九点整那一刻正在进行的”状态；C和D则引入了完成的概念，与语境不符。 变式题 2: When I entered the room, everyone ______. Some were reading newspapers, and others were chatting. A. is busy B. was busy C. has been busy D. had been busy 答案：B 关键线索： 主句描述的是“当我进入房间（瞬间动作）时”大家所处的状态。后句的详细描述“有些人在看报，有些人在聊天”清晰地表明，这是一个持续的场景。因此，主句应用过去进行时，但这里“be busy”是状态，所以用“was busy”描述状态。更地道的表达其实是“everyone was being busy”或直接说“everyone was busy”，但选项中最贴合的是B，表示“大家当时正忙着”。A、C、D的时态均与过去的背景时间不符。 变式题 3: I saw John in the park this morning. He ______ on a bench and ______ to music. A. sat...listened B. was sitting...was listening C. sat...was listening D. was sitting...listened 答案：B 关键线索： 动词“saw”（看见）是一个过去的瞬间。当我“看见”他的那一刻，两个动作“坐着”和“听音乐”都正在进行且持续。这两个动作共同构成了“我看见他时”他所处的状态。因此，两个动作都应使用过去进行时。A表示两个动作都已完成，C和D将其中一个动作视为瞬间或已完成，都破坏了动作同时持续作为背景画面的感觉。 考点二：经典组合 - When 与 While 的辨析，这是高考的绝对热点，必须掌握。 When：后既可接一般过去时（瞬间动词），表示另一个动作突然发生；也可接过去进行时（延续性动词）。 While：后必须接延续性动词（过去进行时或一般过去时态下的状态动词），表示"在...期间"。 When + 一般过去时 (主句用过去进行时) 当一个瞬间动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。When the teacher came in, we were discussing. While + 过去进行时 (主句用一般过去时) 在一個持续动作的过程中，另一个动作发生了。While we were discussing, the teacher came in. While + 过去进行时, ...过去进行时 两个同时持续的动作，互为背景。 While I was cooking, he was watching TV. 例子 The phone ______ while I ______ my homework. A. rang...was doing B. was ringing...did C. rang...did D. was ringing...was doing 答案: A ("打电话"是瞬间动作，用一般过去时；"做作业"是持续过程，用过去进行时。) 变式题 1: ______ I was walking the dog in the neighborhood, I met my primary school teacher. A. When B. While C. As D. Since 答案：B 关键线索： 从句中的“was walking”是持续性的动作。主句的“met”是一个瞬间发生的动作。这里需要表达“在遛狗这个持续过程中，发生了遇见老师这件事”。“While”专门用于引导持续性动作，作为另一个动作发生的背景。虽然“When”在某些情况下也可以，但“While”是此语境下的最佳和最精准答案。 变式题 2: The power went out suddenly ______ we were watching the final match of the World Cup. A. when B. while C. until D. before 答案：B 关键线索： 从句“we were watching...”是一个过去进行时，表示一个持续的活动。主句“The power went out”是一个瞬间事件。这个句子的逻辑是：在一个持续的活动（看电视）期间，发生了一个突发事件（停电）。因此，必须使用“while”来引导这个持续性的背景动作。 变式题 3: ______ the children were playing happily in the garden, their parents were preparing dinner in the kitchen. A. When B. While C. As soon as D. Since 答案：B 关键线索： 这个句子描述的是两个同时发生且都在持续的动作（孩子们在玩，父母在做饭）它们互为背景，没有一个是瞬间动作。在这种情况下，只能用“While” 来连接两个过去进行时的句子，表示“在...期间”，强调两个动作的并行性。“When”不适合连接两个都是进行时的句子。 考点三：背景描绘功能 解题关键: 过去进行时常被用来描述故事发生的背景，从而引出主要事件。 例子 It was getting dark. The wind was blowing strongly. I was walking alone on the street when I heard steps behind me. 变式题 1: The sun ______, and a gentle breeze ______. I ______ on the beach, enjoying the peace, when suddenly a loud scream broke the silence. A. shined B. was shining C. shone D. had shined A. blew B. was blowing C. had blown D. would blow A. lay B. was lying C. had lain D. would lie 答案：B, B, B 关键线索： 这段话是背景描绘功能的经典应用。前三个句子（太阳照耀着，微风轻拂着，我正躺着）都在使用过去进行时，共同描绘出一副宁静、持续的背景画面。最后一个句子由“when”引导，使用一般过去时（broke），叙述在这个背景下降临的突发事件（一声尖叫），从而形成强烈的戏剧对比。 变式题 2: I ______ (drive) home from work. It ______ (rain) heavily, and the traffic ______ (move) very slowly. Suddenly, a car behind me ______ (hit) my bumper. 答案：was driving, was raining, was moving, hit 关键线索： 前三空描述故事背景：“我正开车回家”、“雨正下得大”、“车流正缓慢移动”，这些都需要用过去进行时来营造一个持续的、进行中的场景。最后一空“撞上”是打破这一背景的瞬间动作，故用一般过去时。 变式题 3: He ______ his blog, ______ about his travels, and ______ with his online friends when his computer crashed. A. updated... wrote... chatted B. was updating... writing... chatting C. was updating... was writing... was chatting D. updated... was writing... chatted 答案：C 关键线索： 句子的主干是“He was doing three things when his computer crashed.” “when”引导的从句“电脑崩溃了”是一个瞬间事件。为了描述在这个瞬间事件发生前他正在进行的多个活动，主句中的三个并列动作（更新博客、写游记、和朋友聊天）都应用过去进行时，共同构成电脑崩溃时的背景状态。选项B的结构不平行，只有第一个动词是进行时。 现在进行时，过去进行时易错点 易错点：状态动词不用进行时 情感：like, love, hate, prefer, adore 思维/看法：know, believe, understand, realize, think（认为）, suppose, mean 感官：see, hear, smell, taste, sound, seem, appear 拥有/归属：have, own, possess, belong, contain 需求：want, need, desire 例子 I ______ what you mean. You don't need to explain again. A. understand B. understood C. am understanding D. have understood 答案: A ("understand"是状态动词，不用进行时。此处表示状态，用一般现在时。) 单句语法填空 1．The scientist is the experimental data, knowing her results must stand up to with established theories. (comparison) 【答案】 comparing comparison 【详解】考查时态和名词。句意：这位科学家正在比较实验数据，知道她的结果必须经得起与既定理论的比较。空1为谓语动词，和is构成现在进行时，用现在分词comparing；空2接在介词to后，应用名词comparison作宾语，意为“比较”。故填comparing；comparison。 2．Professor Smith, along with his assistants, (work) on the project day and night to meet the deadline these days. 【答案】is working 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这些天来，史密斯教授和他的助手们夜以继日地做这个项目，以赶上最后期限。空格处是谓语动词，根据时间状语these days可知，应该用现在进行时表示现阶段一直正在进行的动作；本句的主语是Professor Smith, along with his assistants，根据就远原则，谓语动词要和前面的名词Professor Smith保持一致，故使用单数形式。故填is working。 3．As well as expanding renewable energy generation, EU member states (seek) fossil fuels from other nations, such as gas from Qatar and oil from Saudi Arabia. 【答案】are seeking 【详解】考查时态。句意：除了扩大可再生能源发电之外，欧盟成员国还在从其他国家寻求化石燃料，比如从卡塔尔进口天然气，从沙特阿拉伯进口石油。空处为句子的谓语动词，主语EU member states与seek为主动关系，再由语境可知，这里强调当前阶段正在发生的情况，应用现在进行时，主语EU member states是复数，因此be动词用are。故填are seeking。 4．“The president is here. We are all here. Our troops are here,” he said, surrounded by his top aides. “We (defend) our independence, our state, and that will continue.” 【答案】are defending 【详解】考查时态。句意：“总统在这里。我们都在这里。我们的军队在这里，”他在顶级助手的簇拥下说道，“我们正在捍卫我们的独立和国家，而且这将会继续下去。”分析句子结构可知，此处缺谓语动词，强调说话时当前正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时be+现在分词，主语we为复数，be动词用are，故填are defending。 5．Now, I (live) out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English. 【答案】am living 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：现在，我通过用英语帮助熊猫饲养员工作，间接地实现着那个梦想。分析句子可知，句中“Now”是现在进行时的标志词，强调此时此刻正在进行的动作。主语是“I”，因此谓语动词用“am living”。故填am living。 6．The reason why he is lost in is that he on/upon the problem, which in the list. (reflect) 【答案】 reflection is reflecting is reflected 【详解】考查动词的时态、语态、主谓一致以及名词。句意：他陷入沉思的原因在于他正在思考那个问题，那个问题体现在了这份清单中。题干用了一般现在时，在第一空所在句，be lost in表示“陷入”，其后要接名词，reflect的名词要在词尾加-ion，无单复数变化。第二空前的he是主语，reflect on是固定短语，表示“思考”，结合“he is lost in reflection(他陷入沉思)”可知，他此时正在思考，要用现在进行时is reflecting。第三空在which引导的非限制性定语从句中，which替代前句中的单数名词the problem，它和所填词之间是动宾关系，即“问题被体现”，要用一般现在时的被动语态结构is reflected。故填①reflection；②is reflecting；③is reflected。 7．If you are learning new words, it is wise to use small cards. If you (organise) your thoughts or notes, try a mind map. 【答案】are organising 【详解】考查时态。句意：如果你正在学习新单词，使用小卡片是明智的。如果你正在整理思绪或笔记，试试思维导图。两个if条件句均在描述学习过程中的建议，结构应保持一致。前一句使用现在进行时（are learning），后一句也应用现在进行时（are organising），强调正在进行的动作。故填are organising。 8．Be quiet! The baby (sleep). 【答案】is sleeping 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：请安静！宝宝正在睡觉。这里描述的是当前正在进行的动作，因此需要使用现在进行时。sleep的现在分词形式是sleeping，构成现在进行时态需要使用助动词be，由于主语是The baby，是第三人称单数，所以使用is，故填is sleeping。 9．The Chinese badminton team (be) playing magnificently. 【答案】is 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：中国羽毛球队打得很好。此处描述正在进行的动作，用现在进行时；team是集体名词，此处强调整体，用单数。故填is。 10．—Have you ever seen Peter recently? —Yes. He (ask) me how you (get) along with your job these days. 【答案】 asked are getting 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——最近你见过彼得吗？——见过。他问我你近来工作进展怎么样。由句意和语境可知，第一空应用一般过去时表示过去某个时间所发生的动作，故填asked；主句时态为一般过去时，按常规而言，从句也应用过去的某种时态，但此处是特殊情况，由从句中的时间状语these days可知，从句表示的是现在依然存在的情况，所以第二空应用现在进行时即are getting。故答案为asked；are getting。 11．—Are you still very busy? —Yes, I (write) a report for the manager but it won’t take long. 【答案】am writing 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你还很忙吗？——是的，我正在给经理写一份报告，但不会花很长时间。设空处使用动词作谓语，根据问句中的still及答句中的won’t 可知,“写”这个动作在说话时正在进行，因此应用现在进行时。故填am writing。 12．The World Health Organization warns that millions of people (suffer) from indoor air pollution at the present time, which results from the use of dangerous fuels and cook­stoves at home. 【答案】are suffering 【详解】考查时态。句意：世界卫生组织警告说，目前有数百万人遭受室内空气污染，这是由于在家里使用危险燃料和炉灶造成的。根据时间状语“at the present time”此句描述的事情正在发生，谓语动词应该使用现在进行时，主语millions of people为复数意义，故填are suffering。 13．Because of climate change, the ice that polar bears depend on for survival (disappear) slowly. 【答案】is disappearing 【详解】考查时态。句意：由于气候变化，北极熊赖以生存的冰层正在缓慢消失。根据常识可知，句子描述的事情正在发生，谓语动词应该使用现在进行时，disappear的主语为ice，它为不可数名词，故填is disappearing。 14．Imagine that a police officer (chase) a thief. The thief tries to escape. And the officer can’t let him get away. 【答案】is chasing 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：想象一下，一个警察正在追赶一个小偷。小偷试图逃跑。而警察不让他跑掉。由语境可知，chase的动作正在进行，故要用现在进行时。主语a police officer表示单数意义，故填is chasing。 15．Look! The monkey (climb) the tree. 【答案】is climbing 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：看！猴子正在爬树。设空处在句中作谓语，根据空前的Look可知，事情正在发生，句子时态用现在进行时，且主语The monkey为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is climbing。 16．The doctor says the patient is faster than expected and that sunshine, fresh air and proper rest will do good to his . (recover) 【答案】 recovering recovery 【详解】考查动词时态和名词。句意：医生说病人恢复得比预期的要快，阳光、新鲜空气和适当的休息将有助于他的康复。第一空应填动词的某种形式和is构成谓语动词，动词recover“恢复”符合句意，此处为现在进行时，故空处填recover的现在分词；第二空，to后面缺少名词作宾语，recovery为recover的名词，抽象概念，不可数。故填①recovering②recovery。 17．He (leave) for London in two hours to attend an important meeting. 【答案】is leaving/will leave 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他两小时后要前往伦敦参加一个重要会议。分析句子结构和意思可知，句子有 in two hours作时间状语，所以这句话描述的是将来的事情，用一般将来时，动词leave是瞬间动词，也可以用现在进行时表示将来时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，be动词用is。故填is leaving/will leave。 18．As New Year’s Day (come), people are busy preparing for it. 【答案】is coming 【详解】考查时态。句意：随着新年的到来，人们正忙着为它做准备。空处为状语从句的谓语动词，根据“people are busy preparing for it”可知，新年还未到来，come是位移动词，应用现在进行时表将来。故填is coming。 19．The baby is lying on bed while Mary (plan) by computer at her desk. 【答案】is planning 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：婴儿躺在床上，而玛丽在书桌前用电脑做计划。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，结合句意，while前后两个句子中的动作同时进行，根据while前句子中的谓语动词is lying可知，此处应使用现在进行时，plan与句子主语Mary之间为主动关系，且句子主语为第三人称单数。故填is planning。 20．Engineers (set) up over 15,000 sensors (传感器) nationwide and wiring them into a web. 【答案】are setting 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：工程师们正在全国范围内安装超过15000个传感器，并将它们连接到一个网络上。动词与主语是逻辑主谓关系，应用主动语态，根据后面and并列的现在分词wiring及句意可知，表现在正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时（am/is/are doing），主语Engineers复数，助动词用are。故填are setting。 21．Mr. Smith as well as two of his students (do) the experiment with care at the moment. 【答案】is doing 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：史密斯先生和他的两个学生此刻正在认真地做实验。分析句子结构可知，空格处作谓语，根据时间状语at the moment可知，本句应用现在进行时。当 as well as连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与as well as之前的主语在人称和单复数上保持一致，本句和Mr. Smith保持一致，谓语应用is doing。故答案为is doing。 22．The team (drive) to the game in their own cars now. 【答案】are driving 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：球队成员们现在正开着自己的车去参加比赛。结合时间状语now，现在正在进行的动作，谓语动词drive用现在进行时，主语The team，表示“球队成员”，为复数意义，谓语复数形式。故填are driving。 23．Look! The police (search) the woods now and surely the thief (catch) very soon. 【答案】 are searching will be caught 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：看！警察正在树林里搜查，相信小偷很快就会被抓住的。根据Look!可知，第一空陈述正在发生的动作，应用现在进行时，主语police是集合名词，谓语动词使用复数形式；第二空根据very soon可知，陈述将要发生的动作，应用一般将来时，与主语the thief是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填①are searching；②will be caught。 24．At present the police (look) for the lost boy whose trousers (be) blue. 【答案】 are looking are 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：目前警察正在寻找那个裤子是蓝色的失踪男孩。look是主句谓语动词，结合时间状语At present可知，描述现在正在发生的事情，用现在进行时态，集体名词police作主语，谓语动词常用复数形式，所以第一空填are looking；be是定语从句中连系动词，主语是复数名词trousers，谓语动词用复数形式，第一空填are。故填①are looking；②are。 25．Apple fans are (queue) outside the store to buy the new Apple iPhone 6 which will be on sale tomorrow. 【答案】queuing 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：苹果粉们在店外排队购买明天即将发售的新款苹果iPhone 6。queue意为“排队（等候）”，根据后半句的定语从句which will be on sale tomorrow可知，苹果粉们今天就在排队了，根据空前的are，本句的谓语用现在进行时，设空处应用现在分词queuing。故填queuing。 26．They (work) on the program for almost one week before I joined them，and now we (work) on it as no good results have come out so far. 【答案】 had been working are working 【详解】考查谓语动词的时态。句意：在我加入这个项目之前，他们已经做了差不多一个星期了，现在我们正在做，因为到目前为止还没有什么好的结果。分析句子可知and前后的两个分句都缺谓语，所以两处都填谓语动词。第一空根据时间状语before I joined them，可知表示在过去某个时间之前一直进行的动作，用过去完成进行had been working；第二空表是现在正在进行，用现在进行时are working。故分别填had been working和are working。 27．Look, such beautiful flowers (be) the girl carrying that she becomes the focus in the room. 【答案】is 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：瞧，这个女孩戴着这么漂亮的花，她成了房间里的焦点。根据句意可知，本句应用现在进行时；句中运用了such…that…句型， such连同它所直接修饰的成分共同位于句首，主句为部分倒装句，主语the girl为第三人称单数，助动词用is，和carrying一起构成现在进行时。故填is。 28．But Cobb and others (be)now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely 【答案】are 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但Cobb和其他人现在质疑这种推动会议提供更多远程参与机会的想法。根据句意可知，此处应使用现在进行时，主语为复数。故填are。 29．But Cobb and others (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and (change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. 【答案】 are changing 【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。句意：但科布和其他人现在对推动会议提供更多远程参与的机会、改变他们的个人行为、为应对气候变化危机尽自己的一份力量的想法提出了质疑。第一空：根据时间状语now可知，句子使用现在进行时，主语Cobb and others为复数，be动词应用are，与空后的questioning构成现在进行时；第二空：分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，change与逻辑主语idea之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式与pushing并列，作后置定语。故填①are ②changing。 30．The oven in her kitchen (give) off a sweet smell. Do you know what she is cooking? 【答案】is giving/has been giving 【详解】考查时态。句意： 她厨房里的烤箱一直散发出一股香味。你知道她在煮什么吗?强调现在正在发生的事情或强调动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，并且可能仍然要继续下去，所以有现在进行时或现在完成进行时。主语The oven 为单数，所以谓语动词用is或has。根据句意，故填is giving/has been giving。 31．The couple (argue) about where to spend their holiday when I passed their house yesterday evening. 【答案】were arguing 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：昨晚我经过那对夫妇家时，他们正在争论去哪里度假。根据时间状语“when I passed their house yesterday evening”可知，“争论”这一动作在“我经过”的瞬间正在发生，应用过去进行时，表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作，主语为The couple“夫妇二人”，表示复数概念，be动词应用were。故填were arguing。 32．I (have) breakfast with my three children water started filling my home. 【答案】 was having when 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：我正在和我的三个孩子吃早餐，这时水开始灌进我的家。“be doing sth. when...”是固定句型，意为“正在做某事，这时……”；“吃早餐”是过去正在进行的动作，用过去进行时was having。故填was having；when。 33．Just last year, I (conduct) a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. 【答案】was conducting 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：就在去年，我正在主持研讨会，这时突然有人敲教室的门。主语+be doing sth.+when连接并列句，表示“某人正在做某事，这时突然发生了另外一件事”，根据Just last year(就在去年)可知，空里要用过去进行时。主语是I，be动词用was，conduct直接在词尾加-ing。故填was conducting。 34．His family (rush) him to hospital in a vehicle when they came across an ambulance attending to another call out and flagged it down. 【答案】were rushing 【详解】考查时态。句意：他的家人正用一辆车送他去医院，这时他们遇到了一辆正在处理另一个呼叫的救护车，并示意它停下。分析句子结构可知，此处缺谓语动词。be doing ...when ...是固定句型，表示“正在做……这时……”。根据从句中的came across可知，主句应用过去进行时；family此处指家人，为复数概念，be动词用were，故填were rushing。 35．He spent a lot of time meeting with people throughout the company and trying to figure out how the company (try) to handle issues and what those problems were. 【答案】was trying 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他花了大量时间与公司内的各位员工进行交流，试图弄清楚公司是如何处理相关问题的，以及具体存在哪些问题。try为动词，表示“努力、尝试”，作谓语；根据spent、were和句意可知，该句表示过去一段时间公司正在做的事情，故应用过去进行时；主语时company，be动词用was。故填was trying。 36．I (turn) the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand. 【答案】was turning 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我正准备翻到下一页，但翻页时吹来的微风致使备用的纸页从架子上掉落下来。turn为动词，表示“翻动、翻转”，作谓语；根据the draft wind from the turn和caused可知，该句表示微风来自于正在翻页的动作，故应用过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作。故填was turning。 37．These are some old photos I found while I (look) through some things at Gran’s cottage. 【答案】was looking 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这些是我在奶奶的小屋翻看东西时发现的一些老照片。空处作while“当……时”引导的时间状语从句的谓语，look through“浏览，快速查看”是found“发现”这一行为的背景动作，是持续性的，用过去进行时表示正在查看过程中发现照片，主语是I，be动词应用was。故填was looking。 38．My muscles (ache)and my knees were shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home. 【答案】were aching 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当我们拖着沉重的步伐下山回家时，我的肌肉疼痛，膝盖发抖。设空处在句中作谓语，结合后文的were shaking可知，此处应用过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，强调动作的持续性，主语my muscles为复数，be动词应用were。故填were aching。 39．He throws his arms and legs out as if he (fly), his eyes wide with excitement.   【答案】were flying 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他张开双臂和双腿，好像在飞翔，兴奋地睁大了眼睛。as if引导的方式状语从句表示与现在事实相反，应用虚拟语气，且表示“好像正在飞翔”，使用过去进行时，be动词使用were。故填were flying。 40．The two girls (whisper) when the head teacher came in from the backdoor. 【答案】were whispering 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当校长从后门进来时，两个女孩正在窃窃私语。根据句子中的 “when the head teacher came in from the backdoor”可知，这里描述的是过去某个时间点（班主任从后门进来时）正在发生的动作，为过去进行时，即两个女孩当时正在小声说话。主语“The two girls”是复数，所以be动词用were，whisper的现在分词是whispering。故填were whispering。 41．Nathen ________ (cycle) along a remote road when he came across an abandoned kitten. 【答案】was cycling 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：Nathen在一条偏僻的路上骑自行车时，遇到了一只被遗弃的小猫。cycle“骑自行车”。根据句意和空后的when和came可知，此处为固定句型was/were doing... when...，本空用过去进行时，表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作，主语Nathen为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was cycling。 42．When I said someone was foolish, I (not refer) to you. 【答案】wasn’t referring 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当我说有些人愚蠢时，我不是指你。根据前文When I said someone was foolish可知，此处应用过去进行时，表示过去某时刻正在进行的动作。主谓一致，故填wasn’t referring。 43．Did you predict that many students (sign) up for the dance competition? 【答案】would sign 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：你是否预料到许多学生会报名参加舞蹈比赛？表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或呈现的状态，应用过去将来时。故填would sign。 44．I (search) the Internet for the relevant information when my cellphone rang. 【答案】was searching 【详解】考查时态。句意：我正在网上搜索相关信息时，手机响了。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，再根据句意和when my cellphone rang可知，这里谓语动词用过去进行时，表示过去正在发生的动作，be doing sth. when...表“正在做某事，正在那时……”，为固定句型。故填was searching。 45．I (stand) by the car when a hummingbird flew to the center of our group and began hovering. 【答案】was standing 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我正站在车旁，这时一只蜂鸟飞到我们群的中央，开始盘旋。分析句子结构可知，此处为“be doing sth. when...”意为“一件事情正在进行时，另外一件事情发生了”，结合下文中的谓语动词flew可知，此处应为过去进行时，主语为I，所以此处使用was standing。故填was standing。 46．I (show) the boys a chemistry experiment when the (mix) was bubbling out of the test tube (spill) everywhere. 【答案】 was showing mixture spilling 【详解】考查时态、名词和非谓语。句意：我正在给孩子们看一个化学实验，这时混合物从试管里冒出来，溢出到处都是。分析句子可知，第一空考谓语动词，由句意可知这里应用过去进行时，表过去某时刻正在发生的动作，所以应填was showing；第二空为冠词后，所以应填名词形式mixture，表“混合物”，为可数名词，由空后was可知，这里应用单数形式；分析第三空考查非谓语作状语，且mixture与spill为主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式spilling。故填was showing；mixture；spilling。 47．Last Monday, I (walk) in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle. 【答案】was walking 【详解】考查时态。句意：上周一，我正在街上走，突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。此处为句型sb. be doing sth. when...，表示“正在做某事，这时……”，根据后文saw可知为过去进行时。故填was walking。 48．We were (leave) very early so we packed the night before. 【答案】leaving 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们很早就要出发，所以前一天晚上我们收拾行李。leave是位移动词，可用进行时表将来；结合语境和were可知，此处是过去进行时。故填leaving。 49．David (wander) in the street alone when someone patted him on the shoulder. 【答案】was wandering 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：David正独自在街上徘徊，这时有人拍了拍他的肩膀。结合句意可知，此处是“be doing sth when...”结构，表示“正在做某事，这时……”，由patted可知，句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用过去进行时，主语David表示单数意义，be动词用was。故填was wandering。 50．His mother said that she (check) his homework at that time. 【答案】was checking 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他的母亲说她当时正在检查他的家庭作业。分析句子可知，句子为“that”引导的宾语从句，主句为一般过去时，根据句中“at that time”可知，从句表示过去某一时间正在发生的事，应用过去进行时，主语是单数，be动词使用was。故填was checking。 51．The big fire (break) out on the morning of April 25 , 2005, when most of the villagers (sleep) soundly then. 【答案】 broke were sleeping 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：大火发生在2005年4月25日早上，当时大多数村民都在熟睡。分析句子可知，该句第一空由April 25 , 2005时间状语可知，应为动词的一般过去时。该句第二空由then可知，此处应表示过去正在进行的事情，为过去进行时，主语most of the villagers为复数名词，所以为动词的复数形式。故分别填broke；were sleeping。 52．When I said someone was foolish, I wasn’t (refer) to you. 【答案】referring 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当我说有些人愚蠢时，我不是指你。分析句子可知，refer是主句谓语动词，与空格前wasn’t构成过去进行时态否定形式，应使用现在分词referring。故填referring。 53．Ⅰ (expect) the movie to end happily, but actually it has a sad ending. 【答案】expected/was expecting 【详解】考查时态。句意：我期待这部电影会有一个快乐的结局，但实际上它的结局很悲惨。陈述过去事实或表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作，所以用一般过去时或过去进行时。故填expected/was expecting。 54．I’ll always remember the woman who gave me tissues while I was crying on the train. I (try) so hard to calm down when she handed me the tissues. 【答案】tried/was trying 【详解】考查固定句式及时态。句意：我永远记得那个在火车上哭泣时给我纸巾的女人。当她把纸巾递给我时，我(正)努力使自己平静下来。根据句意，本句描述的是过去发生的事，时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式，故填tried。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句考查句式were/was doing…when…，意为“正要做……这个时候……”。主语是I，故填was trying。故填tried/was trying。 55．—Do you know where Tom is? —He (read) in the reading room this morning, but I don’t know if he is still there. 【答案】was reading 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你知道Tom在哪吗？——他今早在阅览室读书，但我不知道他现在是否还在那里。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词；其主语为he，二者之间为主动关系，应用主动语态；结合时间状语this morning可知，此处表示今天早上那时正在做的事，应用过去进行时，主语为第三人称单数，故谓语也用单数。故填was reading。 56．He suspected that the military (plot) against him secretly for the time being. 【答案】was plotting/were plotting 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他怀疑军方目前正在暗中策划对付他。根据He suspected及for the time being可知，此处陈述过去正在发生的事情，应用过去进行时，military是集合名词，与the连用强调整体时，谓语动词可用单数形式；强调个体时，谓语动词可用复数。故填was/were plotting。 57．The last time I saw Jane she (pick) cotton in the fields. 【答案】was picking 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我最后一次见到简时，她正在田里摘棉花。从上文the last time I saw Jane 可知本句表示最后一次看到Jane的时候她正在进行的动作或处于的状态，所以用过去进行时，主语为she，谓语动词用单数。故填was picking。 58．I (clean) the streets in our neighborhood this time yesterday when you called me. 【答案】was cleaning 【详解】考查时态。句意：昨天这个时候我正在打扫附近的街道，这时你打电话给我。结合语境这是was doing…when…句式，时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时。故答案是was cleaning。 59．While William (expect)to become the new Prince of Wales eventually, it wasn’t clear when Charles would decide to grant him the title. 【答案】was expecting 【详解】考查时态。句意：虽然威廉期待着最终会成为新的威尔士王子，但目前还不清楚查尔斯何时会决定授予他这个头衔。设空处为从句谓语，根据主句时态可知为过去时，表示一直期盼着，可知应用过去进行时，故填was expecting。 60．Jack （work）in the lab when the power cut occurred. 【答案】was working 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：停电时，杰克正在实验室工作。分析句子可知，该句为when引导的时间状语从句，从句为一般过去时，根据句意可知，主句为“正在做某事”，为过去进行时。故填was working。 二、翻译 61．仅仅因为你现在是个爱早起的人并不意味着你不被允许晚起。（operate） 【答案】Just because you’re currently operating as an early bird doesn’t mean you are not allowed to get up late. 【详解】考查固定句型、动词和动词短语。该句表示“仅仅因为……并不意味着……”用固定句型“Just because... doesn’t mean...”，从句中主语“你”you，“现在是个爱早起的人”结合提示词operate，可译为are currently operating as an early bird，用现在进行时表示当前的状态；“不被允许晚起”可译为“are not allowed to get up late”，用一般现在时表示现阶段的状态或客观事实，且符合被动语态的语境要求。故翻译为：Just because you’re currently operating as an early bird doesn’t mean you are not allowed to get up late. 62．为抵御台风来袭，志愿者们正顶风冒雨，挨家挨户提醒居民把盆栽搬入室内。（regardless of） 【答案】To defend against the approaching typhoon, the volunteers are going door to door regardless of the wind and rain, reminding the residents to move their potted plants indoors. 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。“抵御”使用动词短语defend against，此处表示目的，使用动词不定式作目的状语，“台风来袭”译为the approaching typhoon，现在分词approaching作定语，“志愿者们”使用名词复数volunteers，“挨家挨户”使用动词短语go door to door，此处表示正在进行的动作，使用现在进行时，“顶风冒雨”使用介词短语regardless of the wind and rain，“提醒居民把盆栽搬入室内”译为remind the residents to move their potted plants indoors，和逻辑主语volunteers之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作状语，故翻译为：To defend against the approaching typhoon, the volunteers are going door to door regardless of the wind and rain, reminding the residents to move their potted plants indoors. 63．她总是向我抱怨她在工作中如何受亏待。 【答案】She’s always grumbling to me about how badly she’s treated at work. 【详解】考查动词短语、被动语态及宾语从句。分析这个句子，可以将它处理为一个宾语从句，主句是“她总是向我抱怨”，从句是“她在工作中如何受亏待”。主句中，“总是”可以使用always+现在进行时，从而表达一种不满的情感，“抱怨”翻译为grumble about；从句中，“受亏待”也就是“被不好地对待”，翻译为be treated badly。分析句意，从句需要使用how来引导，从而表达“如何”这个意思。故整句可翻译为She’s always grumbling to me about how badly she’s treated at work. 64．数字乡村建设促进了农村消费方式转变，让农民生活更便捷、更美好。(which) 【答案】The construction of the digital countryside has promoted the transformation of rural consumption patterns, which is making farmers’ lives more convenient and better. 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知，“数字乡村建设促进了农村消费方式的转变”为主句部分，主语“数字乡村建设”译为the construction of the digital countryside，句首单词首字母大写，谓语动词“促进”可用动词promote，句子陈述过去的动作的影响一直持续到现在，用现在完成时，主语为单数概念，助动词用has，宾语“农村消费方式转变”译为the transformation of rural consumption patterns，故主句译为The construction of the digital countryside has promoted the transformation of rural consumption patterns；“让农民生活更便捷、更美好”使用which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代前面的主句内容，作从句的主语，“让农民生活更便捷、更美好”可用“make+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构，从句表示正在进行的动作，故谓语动词make使用现在进行时强调了影响的持续性和动态性，从句主语which整体内容被视为一个单一的概念或事物，be动词用is，宾语“农民生活”译为farmers’ lives，宾语补足语“更便捷、更美好”译为more convenient and better，故从句译为which is making farmers’ lives more convenient and better。故翻译为The construction of the digital countryside has promoted the transformation of rural consumption patterns, which is making farmers’ lives more convenient and better. 65．我现在写信来简要地介绍中秋节以回应你的上一封信。(response) 【答案】I’m writing to briefly introduce the Mid-Autumn Festival in response to your last letter. 【详解】考查固定短语和名词。主语为I；表示“现在写信……”应用be writing to；表示“简要地介绍”短语为briefly introduce；表示“中秋节”短语为the Mid-Autumn Festival；表示“回应……”短语为in response to；表示“你的上一封信”为your last letter。故翻译为I’m writing to briefly introduce the Mid-Autumn Festival in response to your last letter. 66．我们期待着这么一天，每个人都可以有受教育的平等机会。(when) 【答案】We are looking forward to a day when everyone can have equal access to education. / everyone can have an equal chance to receive education. /can have equal chances to be educated. 【详解】考查动词时态和定语从句。根据所给中文句子以及题干要求可知，本句可用when引导的定语从句，“我们期待着这么一天”为主句，“我们”作主语，译为“we”，“期待着”用短语：look forward to，描述现在一直持续的动作，用现在进行时，“这么一天”译为“a day”作宾语；“每个人都可以有受教育的平等机会”用when引导的定语从句，修饰day，“每个人”作主语，译为“everyone”，“都可以”用情态动词can，“有受教育的平等机会”既可以用动词短语：have equal access to sth.也可用动词短语have equal chances to do sth，其中用have equal chances to do sth时，“受教育”，既可以用主动形式，译为“have an equal chance to receive education”，也可用被动形式，译为“have equal chances to be educated”。故译为：We are looking forward to a day when everyone can have equal access to education. / everyone can have an equal chance to receive education. /can have equal chances to be educated. 67．夜已深, 妈妈还在陪孩子写作业。(accompany) 【答案】It’s already late at night, but the mother is still accompanying her child doing homework. 【详解】考查现在进行时和伴随状语。句子描述现在正在进行的情形，用现在进行时；主语“妈妈”为“the mother”；“夜已深”为“it’ s late at night”；“还在陪孩子写作业”为“is still accompanying her child doing homework”；句意表示转折，连接词为“but”。故翻译为It’s already late at night, but the mother is still accompanying her child doing homework。 68．我写信是想问，我能不能在你的美术馆做志愿者。(宾语从句) 【答案】I’m writing to ask if I could work in your art gallery as a volunteer. 【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词、宾语从句、名词、情态动词。表示“我”用I，作主语。表示“写信”用write，事情现在正在发生，句子时态用现在进行时，主语为I，be动词用am；表示“问”用ask，用不定式，作目的状语。表示“我能不能在你的美术馆做志愿者”用if“是否”引导的宾语从句。宾语从句中：用I作主语；表示“能”用情态动词could；表示“工作”用动词work，与could连用，用动词原形；表示“在你的美术馆”用in your art gallery，作地点状语；表示“作为”用介词as；表示“志愿者”用名词volunteer，此处泛指“一名志愿者”，且volunteer以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故翻译为I’m writing to ask if I could work in your art gallery as a volunteer. 69．因此我想知道有没有可能允许我们随意选择搭档。 【答案】So I am wondering if it is possible to allow us to choose the partner as we wish. 【详解】考查动词时态和非谓语动词。表示“因此”用so，表示“我想知道”用I am wondering，其结构为现在进行时，表示动作在现在的某一时刻正在发生；表示“是否”用if，其引导宾语从句；表示“有可能去做某事”使用it is possible to do sth，此处it为形式主语，不定式为真正的主语；表示“允许我们随意选择搭档”用allow us to choose the partner as we wish，此处allow sb to do sth意为“允许某人去做某事”，表示“选择搭档”用choose the partner，此处使用不定式结构作宾补；表示“随意”用方式状语从句as we wish。故翻译为：So I am wondering if it is possible to allow us to choose the partner as we wish. 70．与过去相比，我们现在过着幸福健康的生活。 【答案】Compared with the past, we are living a happy and healthy life. 【详解】考查固定短语和形容词。根据句意，表示“与……相比”应为compared with，位于句首，首字母需大写，表示“过去”应为the past作宾语，所以“与过去相比”应为Compared with the past；表示“我们”应为we，表示“过着……的生活”应为live a ... life，表示“幸福健康的”应为happy and healthy为形容词作定语修饰名词life，结合句意，该句描述的是现在所处的状态，所以此处使用现在进行时，主语we为复数意义，所以谓语动词应为are living。故翻译为Compared with the past, we are living a happy and healthy life. 71．他过马路时心不在焉，险些被车撞。(escape) 【答案】When he was crossing the road absent-mindedly, he narrowly escaped being hit by a car. 【详解】考查时间状语从句和动词。表示“某人做某事时……”用 when sb. is doing sth.，此处使用when引导时间状语从句，表示“过马路”用cross the road，结合语境用过去进行时，主语是he，助动词用was；表示“心不在焉地”用 absent-mindedly，作状语，修饰was crossing；表示“险些做某事”需用 narrowly escape being done，escape为谓语，用一般过去时，“被车撞”用hit by a car，故此处为 narrowly escaped being hit by a car。故翻译为When he was crossing the road absent-mindedly, he narrowly escaped being hit by a car. 72．她时不时地偷眼看他是否在注意自己。 【答案】Now and then she peeped to see if he was noticing her. 【详解】考查时态、宾语从句、非谓语动词。表示“时不时地”用now and then ，作时间状语，句首单词，首字母大写。表示“她”用she，作主语。表示“偷看”用peep，本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式peeped。表示“看”用see，用不定式，作目的状语。表示“他是否在注意自己”用if“是否”引导的宾语从句，从句中：表示“他”用he，作主语；表示“注意”用notice，从句描述过去正在发生的动作，从句时态用过去进行时，从句主语为he，be动词用was。故翻译为：Now and then she peeped to see if he was noticing her. 73．当她得知自己获得一等奖的消息时，她高兴地心怦怦直跳。 【答案】When she got the news of her winning the first prize, her heart was pounding with wild joy. 【详解】考查状语从句，动词及时态。“当她得知自己获得一等奖的消息时”应用when引导时间状语从句，句首单词首字母大写，主语“她”应用代词she，“得知自己获得一等奖的消息”译为“get the news of her winning the first prize”,句子描述过去发生的动作，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式形式；主句“她高兴地心怦怦直跳”中主语可用“她的心”her heart，“怦怦直跳”用动词pound，句子强调“她的心怦怦直跳”这个动作是在得知获奖消息那一刻正在发生的状态，时态用过去进行时，主语her heart为第三人称单数，be动词用was，“高兴地”可译为“with wild joy”。故翻译为When she got the news of her winning the first prize, her heart was pounding with wild joy. 74．约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去 【答案】John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 【详解】考查时态和宾语从句。主句主语是John，表示“说”应用动词say，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式said，后接that引导的宾语从句，从句结构完整，that不作成分，无意义；从句中主语是he，表示“要去”可以使用短语be leaving for，表示“即将出发前往某地”，这里使用过去进行时来表达将来时的概念，符合英语中的习惯用法；宾语是“伦敦”London；时间状语“星期三”翻译为on Wednesday。故翻译为John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday。 75．我感到一种奇怪的恐惧感内疚。 【答案】I was feeling a strange sense of guilt. 【详解】考查时态、形容词、名词、固定短语。表示“我”用I，作主语。表示“感到”用feel，结合句子意思可知，句子描述过去正在发生的事情，时态用过去进行时，主语为I，be动词用was。表示“一种……的感觉”用a sense of，表示“奇怪的”用strange，作定语，修饰名词sense。表示“内疚”用名词guilt，作of的宾语。故翻译为I was feeling a strange sense of guilt. 76．她红红的脸因激动而发亮。 【答案】Her flushed face was shining with excitement. 【详解】考查形容词、动词时态和介词短语。表示“红红的”应用形容词flushed，作定语，修饰名词face，表示“发亮”应用动词shine，作谓语动词，句子陈述过去正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时，表示“因激动”应用介词短语with excitement，作状语。故翻译为Her flushed face was shining with excitement。 77．她吓得双手颤抖。 【答案】Her hands were shaking with fear. 【详解】考查动词短语。“双手”使用名词复数hands作主语，“吓得颤抖”使用动词短语shake with fear，句子是描述过去某一时间正在发生的事情，应用过去进行时，主语是名词复数，be动词用were，故翻译为：Her hands were shaking with fear. 78．他觉得心如刀割。 【答案】He felt as if a knife were cutting his heart. 【详解】考查时态、虚拟语气和表语从句。主语“他”用人称代词he；“觉得”是谓语，用感官系动词feel，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态felt；“心如刀割”理解为“刀在割他的心”，可处理为表语从句，用从属连词as if引导，其中主语“刀”用a knife，谓语“割”用动词cut，表示正在发生的事情，用过去进行时态，又因“刀在割他的心”是非真实的表达，应用虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的假设，系动词用were，宾语“他的心”用his heart。综上，全句译为：He felt as if a knife were cutting his heart. 79．我们正在做饼干，这时有人敲门。 【答案】We were making cookies when someone knocked at the door. 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。“正在做某事……，这时……”用固定句型be doing...when...，句子描述过去的事情，因此时态用一般过去时和过去进行时，we后be动词用were，“做饼干”是固定短语make cookies，“有人”是someone，“敲门”是knock at the door。根据句意，故翻译为We were making cookies when someone knocked at the door. 80．他充满了怒火。 【答案】He was breathing fire and rage. 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。表示“充满怒火”应用动词短语breathe fire and rage，作谓语动词，表示过去正在发生的事情，用过去进行时，故翻译为He was breathing fire and rage。 7 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $