Unit 4 Period 1 Reading and interaction（分层作业）英语沪教版2020选择性必修第一册

Unit 4 Period 1 Reading and interaction 分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、根据所给提示写出正确单词。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.The soup has a rich （味道；口味）that makes it very delicious. 2.The （香味）of roses fills the whole garden. 3.It’s not safe to eat （生的）meat, so please cook it thoroughly. 4.She （坚持说）that she is telling the truth. 5.We need to （发现；查明）the cause of the problem as soon as possible. 6.The medicine has a （苦的）taste, but it works well. 7.Can you （辨别；分清）between these two similar-looking plants? 8.I have a good （食欲；胃口）today and want to eat a big meal. 【答案】 1. flavour 2. scent 3. raw 4. insists 5. detect 6. bitter 7. distinguish 8. appetite 二、所给词的适当形式填空。 1.A of factors may be responsible for the increase of cancer.(combine) 2.The manager insisted that the meeting (hold) immediately. 3.There is no doubt that cancer may soon (detect) in this early stage. 4.How citizens social services affects their of government effectiveness. (perceive) 5.He on reading every day, and his has helped him accumulate a lot of knowledge. (insist)   6.Volunteers may in their approaches, but their shared goal is to make a positive in the community. (differ) 7． (bath) in golden sunlight, the small valley looks inviting. 8.Their (tongue) are hanging out, and they are hungry tonight. 9.Ordinary people often use wood such as pine, elm, and beech, but the quality between the woods (differ) greatly. 10.Please keep the windows shut because she is very (sense) to the cold. 【答案】1. combination 2. (should) be held 3. be detected 4. perceive; perception 5. insists; insistence 6. differ; difference 7. Bathed 8. tongues 9. differs 10. sensitive 三、汉译英 1．传统灯笼之美在于烛光和剪纸的交融。 2．她的香水味萦绕在房间里。 3．雨后的青草香弥漫在整个公园。 4．虽然Mike和Ben是好朋友，但他们的生活方式差异很大。 【答案】 1.The beauty of traditional lanterns lies in the interaction between/combination of/mixture of/integration of candlelight and paper-cutting. 2.The scent of her perfume lingered in the room. 3.The scent of grass after rain permeated the whole park. 4.Although Mike and Ben are good friends, their lifestyles differ greatly.　 四、语法填空 Raising healthy, trustworthy, and independent teens 1 (require) honoring their growing need for privacy (隐私). However, it can be 2 struggle for parents to let go of supervising (监督) every aspect of their child’s life. In fact, giving kids more freedom is the key 3 helping them grow up and develop the skills they need to be functioning adults 4 . As teens grow up, they seek more 5 (responsible) and independence. They want to be trusted to do more than they did when they were 6 (young). They also want to be thought of as mature. They want you to respect their opinions and desires. However, it is a must for the foundation (基础) for teen privacy 7 (build) long before adolescence (青春期). Angela Lamson, a professor at East Carolina University, says building trust starts when your child is a baby and you begin building a strong parent-child relationship 8 also respects the child as an individual. As your child ages, 9 you create an open dialogue and trust-based relationship already, you’ll be able to give them more freedom. Giving teens space and privacy lets them feel 10 (trust), as well as capable, independent and confident. Allowing them proper levels of privacy shows them that you 11 (true) trust their judgment (判断), plans, decision-making and ability to follow your rules. 【答案】 1.requires 2.a 3.to 4.themselves 5.responsibility 6.younger 7.to be built 8．that/which 9.if 10.trusted 11.truly 五、阅读理解 For most people, having something important stolen feels like a disaster. Robbie Pruitt admitted when his mountain bike was stolen last September, he got mad. But soon his emotions took a turn. After letting go of his anger, he found himself on a road to sympathy (同情) instead. As a biker, Pruitt’s first priority was to buy one again, but when he went bike shopping, he found the options limited. The shortage in supply got him thinking: What if the person who’d taken his bike had done so because he truly needed bikes to get to work? With that thought in mind, Pruitt came up with a plan and posted it to a local Facebook group. He offered to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. Pruitt also put out a call for bikes people don’t use, which he would repair — again for free — and then donate to people who could truly use them but didn’t have the budget to buy a bike. The day the post was put out, Pruitt was excited about a list of 30 used bicycles. And this was followed by more than 500 posts from people who either had bikes to donate or that needed fixing soon after. By the end of the month, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 bikes for donation. Pruitt tries to give his donations to struggling families. Beyond simply satisfying a material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes. In addition to practical skills, Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-esteem, and develop feelings of community. “Pruitt is certainly providing a service, but it’s not the bikes. It’s the relationships in the community. It’s the impact he made on people. All the neighborhood kids are spending a lot more time doing something that’s in their power,” Pruitt’s next-door neighbor Danny told The Washington Post. 1．How did Pruitt feel after he went to the bike shop? A．He was angry at the theft. B．He became eager for a new bike. C．He would rather find his old bike. D．He tried to put himself in the thief’s shoes. 2．Why did Pruitt put a call? A．To find his lost bike. B．To raise some money for charity. C．To collect old bikes. D．To advertise his bike repair shop. 3．Which of the following best describes Robbie Pruitt? A．Responsible and humorous. B．Caring and inspiring. C．Outgoing and brave. D．Considerate and loyal. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Bike Shopping: An Unexpected Adventure B．A Bike Thief: A Trouble Maker C．Robbie Pruitt: A Bike Repairman D．A Kind Act: Inspiration From A Stolen Bike 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Robbie Pruitt的自行车被盗后，他选择换位思考并发起公益项目，免费修理并捐赠闲置自行车，不仅解决了实际需求，还促进了社区关系与青少年的成长。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“As a biker, Pruitt’s first priority was to buy one again, but when he went bike shopping, he found the options limited. The shortage in supply got him thinking: What if the person who’d taken his bike had done so because he truly needed bikes to get to work? (作为一名自行车爱好者，Pruitt的首要任务是再买一辆，但当他去买自行车时，他发现选择有限。供应短缺让他开始思考：如果那个偷他自行车的人这么做是因为他真的需要自行车去上班呢)”可知，去了自行车店后，Pruitt试着换位思考，理解小偷可能面临的困境。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Pruitt also put out a call for bikes people don’t use, which he would repair — again for free — and then donate to people who could truly use them but didn’t have the budget to buy a bike. (Pruitt还发起了一项号召，向人们征集闲置的自行车——他会将这些自行车免费修理好——然后捐赠给那些真正需要自行车但无力购买的人)”可知，Pruitt发起号召是为了收集旧自行车。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中“He offered to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. Pruitt also put out a call for bikes people don’t use, which he would repair — again for free — and then donate to people who could truly use them but didn’t have the budget to buy a bike. (他提出为任何需要的人免费修理自行车。Pruitt还发起了一项号召，向人们征集闲置的自行车——他会将这些自行车免费修理好——然后捐赠给那些真正需要自行车但无力购买的人)”和最后一段中“In addition to practical skills, Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-esteem, and develop feelings of community. (除了实用技能，Pruitt的课程还教授团队合作，鼓励自尊，培养社区感情)”可知，Pruitt免费修理自行车，并征集闲置自行车，修好后捐赠给有困难的人，而且教授团队合作和自尊，说明他富有爱心，关爱他人；根据最后一段中“Pruitt is certainly providing a service, but it’s not the bikes. It’s the relationships in the community. It’s the impact he made on people. All the neighborhood kids are spending a lot more time doing something that’s in their power (Pruitt当然是在提供一种服务，但不是自行车。是社区中的关系。而是他对人们的影响。所有邻居的孩子都花了更多的时间去做他们力所能及的事情)”可知，Pruitt促进了社区关系，影响了他人，说明他激励人心。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“The shortage in supply got him thinking: What if the person who’d taken his bike had done so because he truly needed bikes to get to work? (供应短缺让他开始思考：如果那个偷他自行车的人这么做是因为他真的需要自行车去上班呢)”可知，文章讲述了Robbie Pruitt的自行车被盗后，他选择换位思考并发起公益项目，免费修理并捐赠闲置自行车，不仅解决了实际需求，还促进了社区关系与青少年的成长。因此，D项“一个善举：源自一辆被盗自行车的灵感”概括了Pruitt从被盗事件中获得的灵感与善举，最贴合主题，适合作为标题。故选D项。 六、七选五 Perfectionism is often characterized by the persistent pursuit of excellence and the setting of exceptionally high standards. It is a positive quality, especially for many professions, say a pilot or a brain surgeon. 5 . Many medical and mental health challenges are rooted in perfectionism. Here are tips to ease up on yourself.       See yourself beyond your achievements 6 . However, it’s natural to feel bad or disappointed when falling short of your goals. Our value is not defined only by our excellent performance. We are our relationships, our interests and our enjoyment of life.       Make self-compassion (自我同情) easier Self-compassion is often described as talking to yourself like a good friend. Self-compassion can be one word or a phrase: “Easy”, “Gentle”, “You’re OK”. Self-compassion can be actions: three deep breaths, asking for help or taking a break. It can also be permission not to do all the things you expect of yourself. 7 .      Tone down (使······柔和) your inner critic Those of us who aim high take our commitments and our responsibilities seriously. The same attitude can extend to our own thoughts. When we think “I’m not good enough”, or “I’m falling short”, we treat them as fact. But actually, they’re just thoughts. 8 . But that doesn’t mean we have to take every thought seriously and literally. 9 Self-improvement feels good, but resist the urge to turn your leisure time into another project. You don’t have to build a skill, learn something new, or do something good for you all the time. Improvement and personal development are important, but so are pleasure and enjoyment. A．Dare to be unproductive B．Allow yourself to reflect C．Some people naturally tend to be self-critical D．You don’t have to lower your standards or be less driven E．It can tip over into unhealthy behavior if left unchecked, though F．This could mean skipping the gym for sleep when you are worn out G．We’re proud of good grades, an excellent job review or hitting our workout goals 【答案】5．E 6．G 7．F 8．C 9．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文指出完美主义虽有积极面，但失控会引发健康问题，还给出四个缓解建议：正视自身价值、学会自我同情、缓和自我批评、敢于适度 “无所事事”。 5．根据上文“Perfectionism is often characterized by the persistent pursuit of excellence and the setting of exceptionally high standards. It is a positive quality, especially for many professions, say a pilot or a brain surgeon.(完美主义通常表现为对卓越的不懈追求以及设定极高的标准。这是一种积极的品质，尤其对于许多职业而言，比如飞行员或脑外科医生等)”以及后文“Many medical and mental health challenges are rooted in perfectionism. Here are tips to ease up on yourself.(许多身体和心理方面的健康问题都源于过度追求完美。以下是一些帮助你放松自己的建议)”可知，前文说完美主义是积极品质，空后转折提到它会引发健康问题，E项“但如果不加约束，它可能会陷入不健康的行为”承上启下，衔接自然。故选E。 6．根据后文“However, it’s natural to feel bad or disappointed when falling short of your goals. Our value is not defined only by our excellent performance. We are our relationships, our interests and our enjoyment of life.(然而，当未能达成目标时，感到沮丧或失望是很正常的。我们的价值并不仅仅由出色的表现来定义。我们的价值在于我们的关系、我们的兴趣以及我们对生活的享受)”可知，空后讲“未达目标时难过很正常”，G项“我们为好成绩、优秀工作评价或达成健身目标而自豪”呼应“成就”，与后文形成转折逻辑。故选G。 7．根据上文“Self-compassion is often described as talking to yourself like a good friend. Self-compassion can be one word or a phrase: “Easy”, “Gentle”, “You’re OK”. Self-compassion can be actions: three deep breaths, asking for help or taking a break. It can also be permission not to do all the things you expect of yourself.(自我同情通常被描述为像对待好朋友那样与自己交流。自我同情可以是一个词或一个短语：比如“简单”“温和”“你没问题”。自我同情也可以是行动：做三次深呼吸、寻求帮助或者休息一下。它还可以是允许自己不必去做那些你期望自己完成的事情)”可知，前文举例自我同情的具体做法，F项“这可能意味着疲惫时放弃健身去睡觉”是对“允许自己不做所有期待之事”的具体举例，衔接紧密。故选F。 8．根据后文“But that doesn’t mean we have to take every thought seriously and literally.(但这并不意味着我们必须对每一个想法都认真地、字面地去对待)”可知，空后围绕“内心批评者”展开，C项“有些人天生倾向于自我批评”引出话题，且与后文“认为‘自己不够好’是想法而非事实”呼应。故选C。 9．根据后文“Self-improvement feels good, but resist the urge to turn your leisure time into another project. You don’t have to build a skill, learn something new, or do something good for you all the time. Improvement and personal development are important, but so are pleasure and enjoyment.(自我提升的感觉很棒，但要克制住将休闲时间也用于其他事务的冲动。你不必一直去培养一项技能、学习新知识或者做对自己有益的事情。提升自我和进行个人发展固然重要，但快乐和享受也同样重要)”可知，空后强调“不必把闲暇时间变成任务，享受快乐也很重要”，A项“敢于‘无所事事’” 概括该段核心，作为段落主旨句最合适。故选A。 $Unit 4 Period 1 Reading and interaction 分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、根据所给提示写出正确单词。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.The soup has a rich （味道；口味）that makes it very delicious. 2.The （香味）of roses fills the whole garden. 3.It’s not safe to eat （生的）meat, so please cook it thoroughly. 4.She （坚持说）that she is telling the truth. 5.We need to （发现；查明）the cause of the problem as soon as possible. 6.The medicine has a （苦的）taste, but it works well. 7.Can you （辨别；分清）between these two similar-looking plants? 8.I have a good （食欲；胃口）today and want to eat a big meal. 二、所给词的适当形式填空。 1.A of factors may be responsible for the increase of cancer.(combine) 2.The manager insisted that the meeting (hold) immediately. 3.There is no doubt that cancer may soon (detect) in this early stage. 4.How citizens social services affects their of government effectiveness. (perceive) 5.He on reading every day, and his has helped him accumulate a lot of knowledge. (insist)   6.Volunteers may in their approaches, but their shared goal is to make a positive in the community. (differ) 7． (bath) in golden sunlight, the small valley looks inviting. 8.Their (tongue) are hanging out, and they are hungry tonight. 9.Ordinary people often use wood such as pine, elm, and beech, but the quality between the woods (differ) greatly. 10.Please keep the windows shut because she is very (sense) to the cold. 三、汉译英 1．传统灯笼之美在于烛光和剪纸的交融。 2．她的香水味萦绕在房间里。 3．雨后的青草香弥漫在整个公园。 4．虽然Mike和Ben是好朋友，但他们的生活方式差异很大。 四、语法填空 Raising healthy, trustworthy, and independent teens 1 (require) honoring their growing need for privacy (隐私). However, it can be 2 struggle for parents to let go of supervising (监督) every aspect of their child’s life. In fact, giving kids more freedom is the key 3 helping them grow up and develop the skills they need to be functioning adults 4 . As teens grow up, they seek more 5 (responsible) and independence. They want to be trusted to do more than they did when they were 6 (young). They also want to be thought of as mature. They want you to respect their opinions and desires. However, it is a must for the foundation (基础) for teen privacy 7 (build) long before adolescence (青春期). Angela Lamson, a professor at East Carolina University, says building trust starts when your child is a baby and you begin building a strong parent-child relationship 8 also respects the child as an individual. As your child ages, 9 you create an open dialogue and trust-based relationship already, you’ll be able to give them more freedom. Giving teens space and privacy lets them feel 10 (trust), as well as capable, independent and confident. Allowing them proper levels of privacy shows them that you 11 (true) trust their judgment (判断), plans, decision-making and ability to follow your rules. 五、阅读理解 For most people, having something important stolen feels like a disaster. Robbie Pruitt admitted when his mountain bike was stolen last September, he got mad. But soon his emotions took a turn. After letting go of his anger, he found himself on a road to sympathy (同情) instead. As a biker, Pruitt’s first priority was to buy one again, but when he went bike shopping, he found the options limited. The shortage in supply got him thinking: What if the person who’d taken his bike had done so because he truly needed bikes to get to work? With that thought in mind, Pruitt came up with a plan and posted it to a local Facebook group. He offered to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. Pruitt also put out a call for bikes people don’t use, which he would repair — again for free — and then donate to people who could truly use them but didn’t have the budget to buy a bike. The day the post was put out, Pruitt was excited about a list of 30 used bicycles. And this was followed by more than 500 posts from people who either had bikes to donate or that needed fixing soon after. By the end of the month, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 bikes for donation. Pruitt tries to give his donations to struggling families. Beyond simply satisfying a material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes. In addition to practical skills, Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-esteem, and develop feelings of community. “Pruitt is certainly providing a service, but it’s not the bikes. It’s the relationships in the community. It’s the impact he made on people. All the neighborhood kids are spending a lot more time doing something that’s in their power,” Pruitt’s next-door neighbor Danny told The Washington Post. 1．How did Pruitt feel after he went to the bike shop? A．He was angry at the theft. B．He became eager for a new bike. C．He would rather find his old bike. D．He tried to put himself in the thief’s shoes. 2．Why did Pruitt put a call? A．To find his lost bike. B．To raise some money for charity. C．To collect old bikes. D．To advertise his bike repair shop. 3．Which of the following best describes Robbie Pruitt? A．Responsible and humorous. B．Caring and inspiring. C．Outgoing and brave. D．Considerate and loyal. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Bike Shopping: An Unexpected Adventure B．A Bike Thief: A Trouble Maker C．Robbie Pruitt: A Bike Repairman D．A Kind Act: Inspiration From A Stolen Bike 六、七选五 Perfectionism is often characterized by the persistent pursuit of excellence and the setting of exceptionally high standards. It is a positive quality, especially for many professions, say a pilot or a brain surgeon. 5 . Many medical and mental health challenges are rooted in perfectionism. Here are tips to ease up on yourself.       See yourself beyond your achievements 6 . However, it’s natural to feel bad or disappointed when falling short of your goals. Our value is not defined only by our excellent performance. We are our relationships, our interests and our enjoyment of life.       Make self-compassion (自我同情) easier Self-compassion is often described as talking to yourself like a good friend. Self-compassion can be one word or a phrase: “Easy”, “Gentle”, “You’re OK”. Self-compassion can be actions: three deep breaths, asking for help or taking a break. It can also be permission not to do all the things you expect of yourself. 7 .      Tone down (使······柔和) your inner critic Those of us who aim high take our commitments and our responsibilities seriously. The same attitude can extend to our own thoughts. When we think “I’m not good enough”, or “I’m falling short”, we treat them as fact. But actually, they’re just thoughts. 8 . But that doesn’t mean we have to take every thought seriously and literally. 9 Self-improvement feels good, but resist the urge to turn your leisure time into another project. You don’t have to build a skill, learn something new, or do something good for you all the time. Improvement and personal development are important, but so are pleasure and enjoyment. A．Dare to be unproductive B．Allow yourself to reflect C．Some people naturally tend to be self-critical D．You don’t have to lower your standards or be less driven E．It can tip over into unhealthy behavior if left unchecked, though F．This could mean skipping the gym for sleep when you are worn out G．We’re proud of good grades, an excellent job review or hitting our workout goals $