练案17 Unit 4 Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking， Reading and Thinking-【成才之路•练案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步新课程学习指导(人教版)

练案[17] UNIT 4 Section I Listening and Speaking, Reading and Thinking I.单句语法填空 6.遇到危险时，我们应该深呼吸，尽一切努力冷 1.(2023·新高考I卷改编)You'll learn what 静下来。 strategies worked well for them,and what we should trap )they encountered that you breathe deeply and should avoid. 2.(2023·新高考I卷改编)You can view these Ⅲ.阅读理解 practices as a toolbox meant to aid your A effort)to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances. Their cheery song brightens many a winter's 3.The kind of trees is under threat and ten percent day.But robins are in danger of wearing themselves destroy)in huge wildfires last out by singing too much.Robins are singing all summer. night-as well as during the day,British-based 4.The earthquake was so big that most of the researchers say. houses in the small village were completely David Dominoni,of Glasgow University,said ruins. that light from street lamps,takeaway signs and 5.He was trying to save the girl trap) homes is affecting the birds'biological clocks, in the burning house. leading to them being wide awake when they should 6. (bury)myself in preparing the coming be asleep. final exam,I have no time to learn about the Dr Dominoni,who is putting cameras inside news at home and abroad. 7.All the listeners were greatly shock) nesting boxes to track sleeping patterns,said lack when they heard the terrible news on radio. of sleep could put the birds'health at risk.His 8.I like to live in the countryside where the air is study shows that when robins are exposed to light at good (breathe). night in the lab,it leads to some genes being active 9.It is well known that ancient Greece was a at the wrong time of day.And the more birds are fountain of wise)and philosophy. exposed to light,the more active they are at night. 10.When I finally got to the meeting room,the He told people at a conference,"There have discussion had already come to end. been a couple of studies suggesting they are Ⅱ.完成句子 ! increasing their song output at night and during the 1.他走得太慢，跟不上我。 day they are still singing.Singing is a costly He walked behaviour and it takes energy.So by increasing 2.男孩走了进来，好像什么也没发生。 their song output,there might be some costs of The boy walked in energy.” 3.地球超过70%的表面被水覆盖着。 And it is not just robins that are being kept More than awake by artificial light.Blackbirds and seagulls by water. 4.不管去哪儿你都要把你的自行车锁上。 are also being more nocturnal.Dr Dominoni said, you should lock "In Glasgow where I live,gulls are a serious your bike. problem.I have people coming to me saying You 5.尽管这位女士看上去很友好，但实际上却很难are the bird expert.Can you help us kill these 相处。 gulls?'.During the breeding(繁殖)season, Although the lady looks kind,actually she is between April and June,they are very active at night and very noisy and people can't sleep. —184 Although Dr Dominoni has only studied light flooded her LaPlace home.Her house didn't flood pollution,other research concluded that robins during Katrina.But it took on nearly two feet of living in noisy cities have started to sing at night to water during Hurricane Isaac in 2012."We didn't make themselves heard over loud noise. have these problems until everybody else's levees However,.some birds thrive(头旺)in noisy worked,”said Hebert,46.“It may not be the only environments.A study from California Polytechnic cause,but I sure do think it makes a difference." University found more hummingbirds in areas with Gov.John Bel Edwards said a recent survey of heavy industrial machinery.It is thought that they levees across Louisiana showed they did exactly are capitalising on their predators()fleeing to what they were for and held the water out."We quieter areas. don't believe there is a single levee anywhere now 1.According to Dr Dominoni's study,what cause that actually broke or failed.There were only a few robins to sing so much? smaller levees in New Orleans that failed," A.The breeding season. Edwards said. B.The light in modern life After Katrina,the government spent $14.5 C.The dangerous environment. billion on projects designed to improve protection D.The noise from heavy machinery. from storm surge and flooding in New Orleans and 2.What is the researchers'concern over the nearby areas.The system is a 130-mile ring built to increase of birds'song output? hold out storm surge of about 30 feet.In August A.The environment might be polluted. 2005,Hurricane Katrina produced a storm surge B.The birds'health might be damaged. that flooded about four-fifths of the city,causing C.The industry cost might be increased. over 1,800 deaths. D.The people's hearing might be affected. Work recently began on a levee project to 3.What does the underlined word "nocturnal"in protect LaPlace and other communities outside New Paragraph 5 mean? Orleans'levee system.That project will be A.Active at night. completed in 2024. B.Inactive at night. "I'm glad they're building us a levee,but I C.Active during the day. worry about what happens to the next group further D.Inactive during the day. to the west,Hebert said."The water has got to go 4.Why do some birds thrive in noisy environments? somewhere no matter how many levee systems are A.Because there are fewer dangers. built.We can't just keep moving it from person to B.Because there is more food to eat. person,place to place." C.Because there is less light pollution 5.What is the reason for the flooding in LaPlace D.Because there are more places to take shelter. according to Hebert? B A.Heavy rainfall. B.Weather change The levees(防洪堤)that protect New Orleans C.Levees breaking. D.Nearby levees. held up against Hurricane Ida's fury (,6.What does Edwards think of the flood protection passing their first big test since Hurricane Katrina system in New Orleans? that struck 16 years ago.The government spent A.It costs too much. billions of dollars to upgrade the city's levee system B.It may cause danger. which had failed before Katrina.But the effort C.It is generally satisfying. couldn't spare some neighboring communities from D.It badly needs improvements. Ida's terrible storm surge(风暴潮). 7.What does the author want to do in paragraph 4? Many people living in LaPlace,located 25 A.Provide some helpful suggestions. miles west of New Orleans,had to be rescued from B.Offer some background information. rising floodwaters.Marcie Jacob Hebert ran away C.Introduce a new topic for discussion. before Ida.But she has no doubt that the storm D.Discuss the causes of the problem. 185- 8.Which of the following would Hebert most C.The levee project in LaPlace won't be probably agree with? finished on time. A.Levees cannot completely solve the problem. D.It is a mistake to build a levee system for B.Some locals had better move away from LaPlace. locals in LaPlace. Ⅳ.七选五 It is not only plants that grow in a garden.Growing your own food in your garden can help you grow, too.It is more than just a practical exercise.1 You can be more resilient（有适应力的).Resilience is about how we react to changing circumstances with mental strength.In a garden,you will likely enjoy many successes,but you will experience many failures,too.2 Then you'll be more able to deal with whatever challenges life brings. 3 Becoming resilient involves being able to take a greater level of control over your own basic needs.As a gardener,you can build vital skills for higher levels of self-reliance.You can build skills not only in gardening,but also in other skills like DIY,crafting,repair,cooking,and food preservation as you create and tend your garden and process the produce you grow. You can learn to look beyond your own needs.Gardening can allow you to reduce daily concerns as you can harvest a lot from your space.4 You learn to look beyond your own basic needs and recognize the needs of others-human and non-human-in the world around you. You can become more compassionate(有同情心的)._5 This is something that you will come to appreciate when you use your garden to the fullest,recognizing the gifts that nature gives you can help to increase your compassion,to recognize that others are less fortunate,and to reach out to others in a wide range of ways. A.You can build more skills. B.You can build up your body. C.Failure is the mother of success. D.It is something that makes you a better person. E.If you have a garden,you are in a fortunate position. F.This leaves more time and space for other considerations. G.This will help you build patience,learn to handle disappointments and gain confidence. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. V.语法填空 Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei.There was something wrong with wells.Animals behaved 1.(strange).At about 3:00 a.m.,on 28 July 1976,bright lights 2. (appear)in the sky and loud noises were heard.However,people were asleep as usual. At 3:42 a.m.,everything began to shake.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end.A 3. (frighten)earthquake had begun.In less than one minute,Tangshan lay 4. ruins Two thirds of the people 5.lived there were dead or injured. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed,a large number of 6. animal)were dead and people were in shock.Later that afternoon,another big quake shook Tangshan again.It was difficult for people 7.(get)water,food and electricity. But hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes,soldiers,doctors,nurses and workers 8 send)to Tangshan.Slowly,the city began to breathe again. With strong support from the government and the efforts of the city's people,the city began to revive 9. (it)and get back up on its feet.Tangshan city has proved to the world that in times of disaster,people must unify and show the 10. (wise)to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. —186l0.it考查代词。句意：因此，虽然屏幕时间是更容易、更受欢：Ewa山s said.(州长约翰·贝尔·爱德华斯表示，最近对路易 迎的选择，但重要的是要留出足够的户外活动时间。分析句 斯安那州各地堤坝的调查显示，堤坝的作用恰到好处，挡住了 子可知，此处为itis+ad山.+to do sth.表示“做某事是怎样 洪水。‘我们不认为现在哪里有一座堤坝真的崩溃了。在新奥 的”的固定句型，所以此处为代词t作形式主语，动词不定式 尔良只有少数较小的堤坝失败了。’)”可推知，Edwards认为新 todo作真正的主语。故填it。 奥尔良的洪水保护系统总的来说还是令人满意的。故选C。 7.B推理判断题。根据第四段“After Katrina,the government 练案[17] spent $14.5 billion on projects designed to improve protection I.1.traps 2.efforts 3.were destroyed 4.in 5.trapped from storm surge and flooding in New Orleans and nearby areas. 6.Burying 7.shocked 8.to breathe 9.wisdom 10.an The system is a 130-mile ring built to hold out storm surge of II.1.to slowly to catch up with me about 30 feet.In August 2005,Hurricane Katrina produced a 2.as if nothing had happened storm surge that flooded about four-fifths of the city,causing over 3.70%of the surface of the earth is covered 1,800 deaths.(卡特里娜飓风过后，美国政府斥资145亿美元 4.Everywhere you go 用于改善新奥尔良及其附近地区防御风暴潮和洪水的工程。 5.hard to get along with 该系统是一个130英里长的环形结构，可以抵御约30英尺的 6.In terms of danger make every effort to calm down 风暴潮。2005年8月，飓风卡特里娜引发的风暴潮淹没了该 Ⅲ.语篇导读：本文是说明文，主要介绍了一项研究调查的 市约五分之四的地区，造成1800多人死亡。)”可知，第四段 结果，由于人类制造的光线问题，越来越多的鸟类如知更鸟在晚 介绍了一些用于防洪堤建设的费用，以及曾经发生过的洪水 上也会唱歌，这极大地影响了鸟的健康。 导致的伤亡事件，由此可推知，第四段主要是提供一些背景信 1.B细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“David Dominoni,of: 息。故选B。 Glasgow University,said that light from street lamps,takeaway8.A推理判断题。根据最后一段Hebert所说的话“The water signs and homes is affecting the birds'biological clock,leading to has got to go somewhere no matter how many levee systems are them being wide awake(格拉斯哥大学的大卫说，路灯、外卖标 built.We can't just keep moving it from person to person,place to 志和各家各户发出的灯光都会影响鸟的生物钟，导致它们在 place.(不管建造多少堤坝系统，水总要流到某个地方。我们 应该睡觉的时候完全清醒)”可知，是现代生活中的灯光使知 不能一直把它从一个人转移到另一个人，从一个地方转移到 更鸟唱歌太多。故选B。 另一个地方。)”可知，虽然人们一直在修建防洪堤，但这并不 2.B细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Singing is a costly 是完美且及时的解决问题，人们不能一直搬迁，由此可推知 behaviour and it takes energy.So by increasing their song output,i 防洪堤并不是解决洪水问题的最佳选择。故选A。 there might be some costs of energy..(唱歌是一种代价很大的行V. 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是在花园中 为，它耗费鸟儿的能量。所以通过增加它们唱歌，会消耗它们：种植自己喜欢的食物不仅仅能收获食物，更会让你成为一个更 的能量。)”可知，鸟儿唱歌唱得越多，鸟儿的健康可能被损坏，好的人。 故选B。 ;L.D根据前文的“Growing your own food in your garden can help 3.A词义辨析题。根据上文的“And it is not just robins that are! you grow,too.It is more than just a practical exercise.”可知，此 being kept awake by artificial light.Blackbirds and seagulls are 处强调花园里种植自己的食物也能帮助你成长。这不仅仅是 also being more(并不是只有知更鸟因为人工灯光保持清醒， 一次实践练习，设空处应该强调花园里种植食物还有其他的 黑鸟和海鸥也是这样)”可知，知更鸟和海鸥情况也一样，也就！ 好处。故选D项。 是说这两种鸟晚上也唱歌，指晚上很兴奋。故选A。 2.G根据前文“In a garden,you will likely enjoy many 4.A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“It is thought that: successes,but you will experience many failures,too.”以及后文 they are capitalising on their predators ()fleeing to quieter "Then you'll be more able to deal with whatever challenges life ares.(人们认为它们的捕食者（天敌）逃到安静的地区，所以 brings.”可知，在花园中既能享受成功，又能经历失败，这会让 它们利用了这个机会。)”可知，它们的天敌都去了安静的地 自己收获耐心和信心，由此能够更好地应对生活中的挑战。G 方，指在这些工业区，天敌更少，也就是危险更少。故选A。 项中的Tis指代前文中“收获的成功和失败”，符合语境。故 语篇导读：本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述了奥尔良的堤； 选G项。 坝并没有完全阻挡洪水 !3.A设空处置于段首，为本段的主旨句。根据后文“As 5.D细节理解题。根据第二段中“We didn't have these gardener,you can build...and tend your garden and process the problems until everybody else's levees worked,said Hebert,46.i produce you grow.”可知，在花园中自己种植食物，还能培养出 'It may not be the only cause,but I sure do think it makes a 更多技能。故A项（你可以培养更多的技能。）能够概括下文 difference..'(46岁的赫伯特说：‘直到其他人的堤坝开始工 内容，符合语境。故选A项 作，我们才有了这些问题。’‘这可能不是唯一的原因，但我确4.F根据前文“Gardening can allow you to reduce daily concems 实认为它起到了作用。’)”可知，Hebert认为附近的堤坝导致 as you can harvest a lot from your space.”以及下文“You learn to 了洪水。故选D。 look beyond your own basic needs and recognize the needs of 6.C推理判断题。根据第三段中“Gov.John Bel Edwards said a: others-一human and non-human-in the world around you.”可知， recent survey of levees across Louisiana showed they did exactly 园艺能够让人们减少日常担忧和烦恼，由此给你带来更多的 what they were for and held the water out.We don't believe there 时间和空间可以去认识周围世界中其他的需求。F项（这就 is a single levee anywhere now that actually broke or failed.There 为其他考虑留出了更多的时间和空间。)承上启下，符合语境。 were only a few smaller levees in New Orleans that failed,' 故选F项。 239 5.E根据后文“This is something that you will come to:助下，一位救子心切的爸爸还是徒手挖了39个小时，救出了自 appreciate...and to reach out to others in a wide range of ways.”己的儿子和同学们。 可知，此处强调拥有一个花园是幸运的，因为它会让你认识并l.A词义猜测题。根据上文“a father left his wife safely at home 欣赏到大自然给你的礼物，帮助你增加同情心。故设空处应：and rushed to his son's school,only to find that the building where 该强调拥有花园是多么幸运的。故选E项，引起下文。故选 his son studied had..”以及下文“looked like a pancake'”可知， E项。 一位父亲把妻子安全地留在家里，急忙赶到儿子的学校，却发 N. 语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了唐山大！ 现儿子上学的那栋楼已经倒塌了，看上去像个煎饼一样。可 地震发生之前，震后及重建唐山的情况。 知，画线单词意思为“倒塌”。故选A。 L.strangely考查副词。句意：动物的行为很奇怪。此处应用副2.B细节理解题。根据第三段中“As he was digging,other 词作状语，修饰动词behaved,故填strangely。 helpless parents and the firemen arrived and tried to pull him off 2.appeared考查时态。句意：1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右， the ruins,saying,‘If's too late！They're all dead！There's nothing 天空中出现了明亮的灯光，人们听到了巨大的噪音。此处在 you can do！'(当他在挖掘的时候，其他无助的父母和消防队 and前面的句子中作谓语，根据on28July1976可知，描述过i 员赶到，试图把他从废墟中拉出来，他们说：‘太晚了！他们都 去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填appeared。 死了！你什么也做不了！’)”可知，其他的父母和消防队员想 3.frightening考查形容词。句意：一场可怕的地震开始了。此： 把他从废墟里拉出来，因为他们认为所有的孩子都在地震中 处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词earthquake,表示“可怕的”，应 丧生了。故选B。 用形容词frightening,故填frightening。 i3.A细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“There are14 of us left out 4.in考查介词。句意：不到一分钟，唐山就成了一片废墟。in! of33,Dad.(爸爸，我们33个人中还有14个人活着。)”可知 ruins固定搭配，意为“成为一片废墟”，故填in。 当父亲在废墟中发现他们时，有14个学生还活着。故选A。 5.who/hat考查定语从句。句意：住在那里的人有三分之二死4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘No,Dad!Let the other kids 亡或受伤。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Two thirds out first,because I know you'll get me!No matter what happens, of the people,指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用who/that I know you'll always be there for me!'(‘不，爸爸！让其他孩子 引导定语从句，故填who/hat。 先出去，因为我知道你会救我的！不管发生什么事，我知道你 6.animals考查名词的数。句意：城里几乎所有的东西都被毁 永远都会在我身边！')”可知，文中救人的这个爸爸的儿子是 了，大量的动物死了，人们都很震惊。由a large number of(大！ 最后一个从废墟中出去的学生。故选C。 量的)可知，应用名词复数形式作主语，故填animals.。 :IV. 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。当园丁在美丽的花园里 7.ogt考查非谓语动词。句意：人们很难得到水、食物和电。种植各种各样的植物时，他们很高兴看到蜜蜂和蝴蝶等有益的 itbe+形容词for sb.to do sth.固定句型，意为“对于某人来说昆虫围绕在花周围。但是当他们仔细观察时，他们可能会发现 做某事是…”，故填to get。. 一些植物被黑，点覆盖，并且充满了有害的昆虫或害虫。文章介 8.were sent考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：地震发生后不：绍如何预防害虫和使用农药。 久，士兵、医生、护士和工人被派往唐山。此处在句中作谓语，L.A根据上文提示“Some gardeners may immediately reach for 句中描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，主语soldiers,! chemicals..(一些园丁可能会立即使用化学药品。)”，再根据下 doctors,nurses and workers和动词send是被动关系，应用一般 文提示“Although it may stop the insect problem,it will also 过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词应用were,故填were threaten bees and butterflies which help the plants reproduce. sent。 然它可以解决昆虫问题，但它也会威胁到帮助植物繁殖的蜜 9.itself考查代词。句意：在政府的大力支持和市民的努力下， 蜂和蝴蝶。)”可知，设空处与上文构成转折关系。所以A项 这座城市开始自我复苏，重新站起来。主语和宾语是同一个， But this is not wise.(但这是不明智的。)切题。故选A。 应用反身代词作宾语，故填itself。 2.G根据下文提示“Only when there are too many harmful 10.wisdom考查名词。句意：唐山市已经向世界证明，在灾难！ insects,should pest control be considered.(只有当有害昆虫太 面前，人们必须团结起来，展示智慧，保持积极向上，重建美： 多的时候，才应该考虑害虫防治。)”可知，要接受有害虫。所 好未来。此处应用名词wisdom作宾语，不可数，故填 GI The process starts with the idea that having some pests is wisdom acceptable.(这个过程始于有一些害虫是可以接受的想法。) 切题。故选G。 练案[18] 3.F根据上文提示“As a rule,prevention is the best treatment.. I.1.which 2.which 3.whom/that/who Inspect plants closely,including their leaves,before buying them 4.which/that 5.which 6.who/that from the store..(一般来说，预防是最好的治疗。在从商店购买 7.whose 8.whom 9.that 10.which/that 之前，仔细检查植物，包括它们的叶子。)”可知，有病虫害的植 II.1.that)I have ever read 物不能带回家。所以F项Do not bring any plants home that 2.who are willing to work hard show signs of disease or pests..（不要带任何有病虫害迹象的植 3.that)I am looking for 物回家。)切题，其中选项中的lso顺承了上文。故选F。 4.that/which happened in Tangshan 4.E根据下文提示“They invite pests if permitted to remain on 5.that has failed the exam the ground.When you do see pests,wash them away.Use rubbing 6.who/that sing well alcohol to remove some insects,or pick them off the plants. Π. 语篇导读：这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了地震后， 允许害虫留在地面上，它们会招来害虫。当你看到害虫时，把 面对变为废墟的学校，好多家长都放弃了。但是在没有人的帮 它们洗掉。用外用酒精去除一些昆虫，或者把它们从植物上 -240