专题07 阅读理解（议论文）（期末真题汇编）九年级英语上学期人教版

专题07 阅读理解（议论文） 主题01 人与自我——方法与哲理 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期末）You may have heard of the popular saying, “Practice makes perfect.” But have you ever wondered: Is it really true? Does practice always make perfect?    Sometimes practice does make perfect. Take a math test as an example. If you know you’re going to have a math test in a week, you can keep doing math exercises before the test. If you get a full mark on your test, that’s perfect and you can say the practice helped get you there.   However, in some other aspects of life, practice doesn’t always make perfect. It doesn’t mean that practice is useless. Sometimes it just means that there’s no such thing as “perfect” in a certain aspect. For example, if you play sports or a musical instrument, there are no perfect games or perfect performances. It all depends on what you consider to be perfect.   All in all, practice doesn’t always make perfect, it almost always makes you better than you were before practicing. The more you practice something, the better you are at it.    根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What is the author’s attitude (态度) to “Practice makes perfect” in the first paragraph? A．Unsuccessful B．Supportive C．Acceptable D．Questionable. 2．Why does the author take a math test as an example? A．To remind us practice make perfect all the time. B．To tell us that sometimes practice does make perfect. C．To encourage us to express our own opinions. D．To show us there’s no such thing as “perfect.” 3．According to the last paragraph, we can know that________ A．Practice always makes perfect. B．Practice has no effect on our improvement. C．We will be better at something if we practice more. D．We don’t need to practice because it may not lead to perfection. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．The underlined word “aspects” in paragraph 3 means________. A．fields B．kinds C．exercises D．lives Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·江苏盐城·期末）How do you treat your books? Do you use a bookmark to avoid folding (折叠) a page and keep your books clean and tidy on a shelf? Or perhaps you pay less attention to their condition—you’re happy to take notes down the margins (页边空白) of a page. What’s your idea—do you think they should always be kept in good condition? Yes. Books deserve our respect. It is important to care for your books. This is especially true if the book costs a lot of money or is given to you as a present. It also won’t last long if they are damaged (破坏). If a book is full of ripped (撕破的) pages, it is less possible that a friend will want to pick it up and read. If you donate it to a charity shop, it is less possible that someone will buy it. Over time, treating books badly could become a bad habit. NO. It doesn’t matter if you just read. One of the great things about an actual book is that readers can make it their own with notes. If it’s a gift, you can write a nice message. It can make a book feel personal and special to you. It doesn’t matter if this means that a book isn’t in perfect condition—you can always buy a new copy if the old one gets too damaged. In the end, writers just want people to read their stories: they don’t mind how or where people do it. 1．What is the passage about? A．The discussion about how to treat our books with bookmarks. B．The discussion about whether we should keep books well. C．The reasons for reading more books in daily life. D．The reasons for treating books in a friendly way. 2．What does the underlined sentence “Books deserve our respect.” mean? A．Books are worth our respect. B．Books help us win respect. C．Books teach us to show respect. D．Books catch people’s attention. 3．According to the passage, someone may not want to pick the book to read if ________. A．it costs a lot of money B．it is a present C．it is full of ripped pages D．it is from a charity shop 4．Some people think keeping books in good condition is unimportant probably because ________. A．they like untidy books better than those in good condition B．they would rather throw the old books away C．they think books with messages may make people less interested D．they care more about writers’ stories than how books are kept 主题02 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 （23-24九年级上·湖南张家界·期末） Several months ago, an old man in Dalian failed to travel by underground. At the station, he was asked to show his health QR code (二维码) on the smartphone. “What is a QR code?” the old man asked. “I have money to buy a ticket. Why do I need a smartphone?” In the end, he had to leave the station. Over 10 years ago, people still had to leave their house to buy a train ticket or pay their bills. Now all these can be done with a smartphone, and, in some cases, only with a smartphone. On one hand, the fast development of science and technology is making our life easier. But on the other hand, it is creating problems for old people. Many old people have devoted (奉献) their whole life to working for the society (社会), but now it seems the society had left them behind. What can be done to make a difference? Some volunteers are trying to help. They teach the elderly to use smartphones. However, it only helps to solve part of the problem. Many old people have physical problems. Poor eyesight makes reading on small screens difficult. And their less sensitive (灵敏的) fingers make it hard for them to use touch screens. Perhaps these are problems that smartphone makers should try to deal with. Moreover, if you have grandparents or know some elderly people, lend a helping hand to them when they need it. And remember to be patient. Technologies that you think are easy to learn may be a huge problem for them. 1．The old man in Dalian left the station because ________. A．he had no money to buy a smartphone B．he didn’t have a ticket C．he didn’t know how to show his health QR code on his smartphone 2．The example of the old man in Dalian is to show ________. A．technology is improving people’s life B．old people cannot get used to the society C．technology has caused problems for old people 3．The underlined word “it” refers to ________. A．working hard for the society B．making old people’s life easier C．teaching old people to use smartphones 4．What should we do when we meet the elderly people in trouble? A．Lend them a hand. B．Give some money to them. C．Take them to the hospital. Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·浙江绍兴·期末）Nature and culture are often seen as opposite ideas. What belongs to nature cannot be the result of human activities and, on the other hand, cultural development is achieved against nature. However, this is not the only opinion on the relationship between nature and culture. Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species. Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle against human nature. We are born with wild natures, such as eating and behaving in a disorganized way or acting selfishly. Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures; it is thanks to culture that the human species could learn to adapt, progress and raise itself above and beyond other species. Over the past century and a half, however, studies in the history of human development have shown that the formation of culture is part of the biological adaptation. Consider, for example, hunting. It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits. At the same time, the development of weapons is related to that adaptation—from rocks and stones to a set of hunting tools, and from hunting tools to rules relating to the proper use of weapons. Hunting also seems to be responsible for a whole set of bodily abilities, such as balancing on one foot. Just think of how this very simple thing is closely related to dance, a key expression of human culture. It is then clear that biological development and cultural development are closely tied. The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shell, so do we bring along our culture. However, culture is also passed on among people of the same times or among people belonging to different populations. We can learn how to make jiaozi even if we were born from Russian parents in Paris just as we can learn how to speak English even if none of our family or friends speaks that language. 1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly intended to tell readers? A．Nature teaches humans how to adapt to rules. B．Humans are supposed to be well organized. C．Culture pushes the human species to progress. D．Culture is part of the development of human nature. 2．Why does the writer take “hunting” for example? A．To show how culture develops as humans adapt to the environment. B．To underline the importance of tools in humans’ struggle for life. C．To suggest some possible ways of changing humans’ living habits. D．To explain why there is a need to call for the proper use of weapons. 3．According to the last paragraph, we know culture ________. A．should be valued B．can be developed C．should be respected D．can be spread 4．What is the writer’s opinion on the nature-culture relationship? A．Culture and nature are separate yet balanced. B．Nature and culture are different but connected. C．Culture depends much on nature to progress. D．Nature follows the unwritten rules set by culture. 主题03 人与社会——青少年问题 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）“Without music, life would be a mistake,” famous German philosopher (哲学家) Friedrich Nietzsche said over a century ago. Music is a big part of our daily lives. But in recent years, some US schools have cut Music classes to control budgets (预算). For example, Chicago public schools hurt arts education when it fired over 1,000 teachers. Among them, 10 percent of the teachers taught Art or Music, according to The Washington Times. In fact, this is not just a problem in the US. In other countries, such as China and the UK, Music classes are not thought to be as important as ones like Science, Maths and History. That’s partly because music is not seen as a very important life skill, and it isn’t tested. Many students are busy with schoolwork, so parents and students choose to focus on (关注) subjects that are tested more often. However, learning music is beneficial (有益的) in many ways. When playing music, you need different abilities to work together. It is not as simple as it looks, according to Kenneth Guilmartin of MusicTogether, an early childhood music development programme. For example, when playing the piano, people see music notes and decode (解码) them in their brains. They also use their fingers to make sounds. You need to deal with all these things at the same time. Music has a special connection with science as well. You can see that many scientists are good at playing music: Einstein played the violin, and German physicist Max Planck was talented in playing the piano. 1．Some schools in the US have cut Music classes because ________. A．students in the US weren’t interested in music B．they were too difficult to learn C．there weren’t enough music teachers in the US D．the schools wanted to control budgets 2．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refers to “________”. A．public schools B．fired teachers C．parents in Chicago D．students in Chicago 3．How many scientists who are good at playing music are mentioned in this passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·广东广州·期末）Cell phone use has become more and more common among high school students, but a clear decision hasn’t yet been reached on their proper use in schools. Cell phones, supporters say, are useful to both parents and students. In addition, cell phones can be lifesavers in an emergency, providing police with important and timely information. Some teachers also point out that cell phones are useful educational tools. Older students can conduct phone interviews during class time with teacher supervision(管理)，for example. Also, many cell phones now have internet capability, built-in calculators, and memories able to hold entire books. For schools with limited technologies available to students, cell phones can be used as computers. But some argue that the disadvantages outweigh the benefits. The primary concern is that cell phones take students’ attention away from their study. Even though most schools require that phones be turned off during school hours, such a rule is difficult to follow; for example, students who leave class for a bathroom break could use the phone while out of the room. Should a phone ring in class, the entire classroom is disturbed and teachers report that many students will answer the call. Cheating and improper photos are also concerns related to cell phones. Teachers have caught high school students taking pictures of tests to pass along to students in later classes, for example, or accessing(存取) photos of textbook pages or notes during tests. Many school systems have banned camera phones while still allowing traditional cell phones. Cell phone has become a necessary part of society. But keeping up with technological advances is not easy. Schools need guidelines to govern improper cell phone use. Teachers should post school and classroom policies regarding cell phones, and the class should discuss these policies at the beginning of the school year. 1．What is the main reason given by people against students’ use of cell phones? A．Cell phones make noises in classroom B．Cell phones are used to take improper photos. C．Students cannot focus on their study. D．Students use cell phones to cheat during tests. 2．By saying the underlined sentence in the last paragraph, what does the author mean? A．It’s not easy to keep up with modern technological developments. B．Cell phone technology has improved rapidly in the past few years. C．Cell phones have more functions because of technological advances. D．It’s not easy to prevent improper cell phone use among students. 3．The author holds the idea that ________. A．students should use cell phones properly B．students should be forbidden to use cell phones C．it is impossible to make a cell phone use policy D．it is foolish to limit students’ use of cell phones 主题04 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （23-24九年级上·湖南长沙·期末） Governments around the world are pushing for an end to plastic straws (吸管) and bags. More and more businesses are turning to paper products as a choice. Paper is considered by many to be better than plastic. However, it is harmful to the environment, too. Firstly, paper bags and straws are made from trees. Trees, as you know, can reduce (减少) carbon dioxide (CO2) levels (水平) in the air. They can slow down climate change. An increase in the use of paper bags can cause more trees to be cut down. Secondly, products made from paper require more energy and water. About 10% more energy than and four times as much water is used to produce a paper bag than a plastic one. You might say that we can use recycled paper to save that energy and water. This seems to be a good idea. However, it takes even more energy and water to go through the recycling process than to make a brand-new paper bag. Products made from recycled paper are also often short-lived. Furthermore, paper products are heavier than plastic ones. That means they require more oil to transport. Seven trucks are needed to transport two million paper bags, while only one truck is needed to transport the same number of plastic bags. The increased weight also 1eads to a large amount of waste once the bags are thrown away. Paper products are actually a lose-lose for both the environment and businesses. They are more expensive than plastic products. A paper straw costs about 5 to 12 cents, while a plastic one usually costs only about 2 cents. The most environment-friendly solution is to avoid single-use products altogether. Products like glass water bottles and steel straws can be used over and over again. They are much better than either paper products or plastic products. Through increasing the use of these products, you can greatly reduce your throwaway waste and truly make our earth a greener place! 1．How does the writer introduce the topic? A．By listing a fact. B．By giving an example. C．By telling a story. 2．What can we know about paper products from Paragraph 2 to Paragraph 4? A．They can slow down climate change. B．They require as much water as plastic ones. C．They need more trucks to transport. 3．Which of the following may the writer agree with? A．Paper products are good for environment and businesses. B．It’s best to buy reusable products like steel straws. C．We should use single-use cups to drink water. 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To introduce the advantages of paper products. B．To push for an end to plastic straws and bags. C．To call on using products in an environment-friendly way. Passage 2 （23-24九年级上·内蒙古赤峰·期末）In the USA, a question is asked millions of times every day in the supermarket: “Paper or plastic?” Well, which kind of bags would you choose? In fact, all kinds of bags have some influence (影响) on the environment. But we are always told that paper bags are better. However, making paper bags takes more energy than making plastic bags. Studies show that paper bag production requires four times as much energy as plastic bag production. And the influence on forests is more serious. It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags. As for recycling, some people believe that paper bags are more environment-friendly than plastic ones. However, this idea can be quickly discarded. Research shows the opposite is true. Even though paper bags might be more harmful than plastic ones, plastic still seems to be considered as the more harmful of the two. In Ireland, people have to pay 22 cents for every plastic bag. As a result, their use has dropped quickly. It seems wise to reuse these bags. However, we’re not doing that a lot. That may be because they are easily broken. If so, cloth bags are a better choice, but still their production also has a bad influence on the environment. So what should we do? How should we answer the question of “Paper or plastic?” It seems that we first need to ask ourselves the following question: “What can I do to help the environment?” 1．The question in Paragraph 1 is used to ________. A．tell the reader how to shop B．explain the writer’s problem C．show what will be discussed in the passage 2．What does the underlined word “discarded” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．分享 B．抛弃 C．讨论 3．How has Ireland cut down the use of plastic bags? A．By letting people pay for them. B．By not allowing people to use them. C．By providing people with paper bags. 4．Which statement is right from the passage? A．Few kinds of bags have some influence on the environment. B．It seems wise to reuse these bags because they aren't easily broken. C．It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags. 主题01 人与自我——方法与哲理 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·辽宁阜新·期末） Should Museum Entry Be Free? With International Museum Day coming up, today we are asking readers: Should museums be free or should people have to pay for a ticket? Let us know your view. Comments: Museums are not only there for enjoyment; they are education. This is why they must be free. While museums need a huge amount of money to operate, let the wealthy pay for it. The idea of a person or child interested in art not being able to view it because of cost is wrong. Krista Chen (US)— Age 15 Free entry does not attract people or encourage them to appreciate art. Generally, people respect things that are difficult or costly to get. Museums should require regular visitors to pay a fee, but provide free tickets as prizes for high-achieving students who can appreciate them more. Fred Smith (New Zealand)— Age 14 Museums teach people about their past. This is part of our shared culture that should be available to everyone, rich or poor. People should never be asked to pay an entrance fee. Rob Sanchez (Australia)—Age 17 There are no simple answers. Low ticket prices could help museums stay open. But companies and businessmen should also provide museums with more money and other support. They have a social responsibility too. Amber White (UK)—Age 16 I think museums and art galleries should all be free to the public. I do, however, think twice a year the museums should organize money-raising events to help pay for the cost of staying open. Li Mishao (China)—Age 15 1．How many readers support the idea of free museums? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 2．Who suggests museums should regularly hold special events to collect money? A．Krista Chen. B．Fred Smith. C．Rob Sanchez. D．Li Mishao. 3．Why does Fred Smith believe that free tickets should be given to high-achieving students? A．Students will then study harder. B．Museums win attract more visitors. C．Museums can make themselves more famous. D．These students can better appreciate museums. 4．What can we know about the website? A．It’s quite a new website. B．It’s generally for young readers. C．It was started in Australia. D．It mainly discusses scientific topics. Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期末）①Growing up, I always took notes in class by hand. I would copy everything from the blackboard or slide (幻灯片) while listening to the teacher. When I entered college, I noticed that many students were using laptops (笔记本电脑) to take notes. Sometimes, I wondered: Should I change my note-taking habits? Could I get better grades if I typed (打字) my notes instead of writing them by hand? ②A study at Princeton University looked at different note-taking skills. The researchers asked pairs of students to take notes during an online course. In each pair, one student used a computer, and the other used pen and paper. The researchers found that the students performed similarly on fact-based (基于事实) questions. However, some questions required that the students answered what they had learned in the lesson. On these questions, the “typing or copying everything” students scored much lower. Interestingly, this study also found that students who didn’t copy the notes word for word scored higher. And this discovery (发现) made me improve my note-taking habits. ③“With laptops or your pen and paper, you can write a lot of things down,” said Michi Matsukura, one of my professors (教授). “The problem is, are you trying to understand what you’ re writing?” ④Now, “conceptual (概念化的) note taking”— focusing on big ideas, key terms, and interesting facts—simply makes more sense to us. We’ve found it more helpful in our studies than copying everything. It wasn’t easy to make this change, though. There was a fear of missing something when I first stopped writing down everything on the slide. ⑤It takes time and effort to discover and master the art of note taking. You can write your notes by hand or type them. You can copy word for word or try “conceptual note taking.” In the end, they are your notes. Just do what works best for you. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．Which is true about typing or copying the notes word for word? A．It’s helpful to answer some fact-based questions. B．People always use some key terms when copying. C．Big ideas are often used when people copy the notes. D．It’s easy to answer what we have learned in the lesson. 2．What made the writer improve his note-taking habits? A．His professor’s advice. B．The discovery of a study. C．An online course. D．His classmate’s help. 3．What does the underlined phrase “focus on” mean in the fourth paragraph? A．Pay attention to. B．Depend on. C．Take care of. D．Prepare for. 4．What is the writer’s opinion in the last paragraph? A．Conceptual note taking is more important. B．Typing on laptops can help get better grades. C．He especially supports copying everything down. D．It’s better to choose a method that works best for you. 5．What is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2…) A． B． C． D． Passage 3 （23-24九年级上·海南省直辖县级单位·期末）Most people follow others blindly just under the influence of peer (同龄人) pressure or because they feel it safe to follow a large number of people. In some rare (稀少的) cases it might be right to follow the crowd, but in most cases this can be a big mistake. Actually there are reasons why we shouldn’t follow the crowd blindly. According to a study, people often follow the crowd when they aren’t sure about the direction they should take. This means a large number of people could be following others without understanding what’s right and what’s wrong! This makes more people follow and as a result most people move in a certain direction even if it isn’t right. A man who wants to be successful always hopes for others’ guidance (指引) and he usually follows the same path of most people, but the question this man never asks himself is: are all of those people successful? Of course not! If you want to follow a crowd, then follow a successful one. However, in real life you’ll only find one successful person among hundreds of people, and that’s why following the crowd makes no sense at all. Most people act emotionally without thinking wisely. If you always follow others because they’re greater than you in number, then sooner or later you’ll discover that you’re taking emotional (情绪化的) decisions you might regret (后悔) later. However, should we never follow the crowd? No! I’m not trying to say you should never follow the crowd, but instead I’m just asking you to think wisely before you take a decision. If you find others are right, there is no problem in following them, but if you have doubts about the direction they’re moving in, don’t follow them blindly. 1．Why do people follow the crowd blindly? A．Because it’s always right to do so. B．Because they feel it safe to do so. C．Because they can be successful by doing so. 2．What opinion does the writer hold? A．It is wrong to follow other people. B．You shouldn’t be sorry for what you have done. C．You should use your brain before following others. 3．What might you do if you follow others only because they are greater in number? A．Regret. B．Be successful. C．Think wisely. 4．Which statement is NOT true? A．In most cases, following others blindly can’t be right. B．In real life, you can find one successful person easily. C．Some people follow others because they feel it safe to follow many people. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A． B． C． 主题02 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （23-24九年级上·河北唐山·期末）Should students use AI to do homework? Here are four students’ opinions. Dylan, 13Many people worry that AI can be used as a cheating tool (作弊工具). But AI can be set to guide students through questions instead of giving them the answers. Nobody has to fall behind in class! And AI “teachers” can provide much support for students. Harper, 10Kids’ brains need to be exercised to develop, just like their bodies. Homework should teach kids skills and develop their brains. AI may be a useful tool, but students should learn to solve problems on their own. And AI stops them from learning on their own. Alexa, 11Teaching kids how to use AI can prepare them for our AI-filed future. And it’s better that students learn about AI’s limitations (局限性) now. I believe that as long as it’s done well, teaching AI in schools will change future for the better. Ninis, 12We shouldn’t introduce AI into schools. First, AI is getting “smarter” every day. Teachers may not know how to best use them in their classes. Second, think of the cost (成本). Many schools wouldn’t be able to buy it, and that’s not fair to some students. And most of all, AI just gives students information. But teachers know how to help students get information. 1．What does Dylan think AI can do? A．Guide students through questions. B．Help students do more exercise. C．Give students the answers. D．Make students become smarter. 2．How many pieces of reasons does Ninis give? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．Who support introducing AI into schools? A．Dylan and Alexa. B．Harper and Ninis. C．Dylan, Alexa and Ninis. D．Dylan, Harper and Ninis. Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·浙江·期末） Reshi completed a 12-page children’s book, Alice and Sparkle, with the help of a chatbot called ChatGPT. A chatbot is a computer program that uses artificial intelligence (AI) to imitate human thinking and writing. The book’s text was produced using it, and Reshi created illustrations (插图) using another AI program, Midjourney, which uses special computation (计算) rules to translate words into images. When Reshi posted the book online, it became very popular with children. Some people praised Reshi for being clever. However, not everyone was happy. Some artists criticized the book. They said the pictures were of poor quality, and more importantly, the way the pictures were made was a big problem. Midjourney works by searching through millions of images on the internet. It uses algorithms to find patterns in these images and make new ones. The problem is, Midjourney takes images from artists’ work without asking for permission. Some companies have already started using AI instead of human workers. For example, an AI robot told jokes at a comedy club instead of a person. The San Francisco Ballet also used AI-created images for advertising a ballet show called The Nutcracker. Many artists and writers are worried about their jobs. They fear that if AI can create art and writing for less money, people may not pay them for their work. Josephine, a journalist who makes money from writing, says, “I love writing, but it’s troubling to see people looking for cheaper choices instead of supporting real human writers.” There is a real concern about protecting the work of artists and writers who could have their creations used by AI programs. The technology industry that develops these tools should involve artists in the process of making them. 1．The passage is most likely to be taken from a ________. A．newspaper B．science fiction C．storybook D．travel guide 2．What does the underlined word “algorithms” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Creative ideas. B．Millions of pictures. C．Useful tools. D． Computation rules. 3．In Paragraph 4, the writer shows the popularity of using AI by ________. A．listing numbers B．giving examples C．making comparisons D．showing opinions 4．What’s the writer’s attitude towards Reshi’s event? A．Supportive. B．Uncaring. C．Critical. D．Changeable. 主题03 人与社会——青少年问题 Passage 1 （23-24九年级上·山东临沂·期末）If you go shopping in any toy store, you can see there are a lot of pink toys on one side of the store for girls and dark-colored cars, guns, and soldiers for boys. Some big stores with toys may even have a pink floor for girls and a blue floor for boys. In fact, it is difficult to buy a toy for a girl that is not pink. Some people think that too much pink is bad for girls. Sue Palmer, writer of Toxic Childhood, is very worried that most girls over the age of three are crazy about the color. Sue Palmer says that girls at this age cannot make proper decisions by themselves, but the pink can affect (影响) the choices and the decisions they will make in the future. Some parents are also worried. It’s the same with Vanessa Holburn who has two girls under the age of four. Their bedrooms are a sea of pink and Vanessa is not happy. “Pink says that you are soft and gentle. Blue says that you are strong and powerful. I want my daughters to be strong and powerful. I’m worried that pink will not help them with that,” she says. But not everyone thinks there’s something wrong with pink. Grayson Turner is a father of three girls and he isn’t worried at all. “People forget that things change all the time,” he says. “My girls used to love pink when they were little, but as they get older, they change.” Turner explains that his twelve-year-old daughter never wears pink clothes anymore. “This love of pink is just a fashion and all fashions change,” he adds. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．The underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 means ________. A．being soft and gentle B．being strong and powerful C．being gentle but powerful 2．According to Grayson Turner, ________. A．pink has always been a color for girls B．his girls now prefer the color blue. C．parents needn’t worry about pink toys 3．The purpose of this passage is to ________. A．explain why girls are crazy about the color pink B．make parents less worried about boys or girls C．show people’s different opinions about the color pink 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (P l= Paragraph 1) A． B． C． Passage 2 （23-24九年级上·山东日照·期末）Starting with this fall term, students in primary and middle schools will have at least one course every week on basic household skills such as cleaning and cooking, according to a new curriculum standard (课程标准) for labor education in compulsory (义务的) education made by the government. Should household skills be made compulsory at schools? Michael: By learning basic skills like cooking, cleaning and maintaining home appliances (家用电器), children can learn how to take care of themselves and live independently. Parents won’t always be there to help their children with every problem they’ll meet in their lives. They need to learn new things, make mistakes, solve problems and grow from their experiences. It is necessary for children to learn these important lifesaving skills as early as possible. Jade: There are only limited hours in a school day. With all the required classes, there is not enough time for household courses. I think it is something that parents need to do at home with their children, helping them around the house with cooking, cleaning, washing, planting, etc. Remember school can’t teach your children everything. They need you, too! Ben: Household courses should be made optional (可选择的) for students. They should be given the choice to take whatever they like. If one wants to cook dishes, he or she is welcome. But it should not be made compulsory and forced onto every student. Maria: I learned some basic cooking skills from my mother, but most of them were learned after I graduated from college, from cooking books and online short videos. Household skills like cooking are much more useful than a lot of what is taught in schools, but it does require some fully equipped (配备齐全的) kitchens. I hope these classes will benefit (使受益) students and not be seen as window dressing. 1．What does Jade think of household courses? A．They should be made optional. B．They are good for students’ growth. C．They can help children develop their interests. D．They should be taught by parents at home. 2．What does the underlined word “window dressing” probably mean? A．good look but not clever B．good form but not realizable (可做成的) C．good taste but not healthy D．good style but not popular 3．What’s the purpose of this passage? A．To tell parents the importance of household courses B．To introduce something about household courses C．To encourage students to study household courses D．To show different ideas about household courses Passage 3 （23-24九年级上·浙江绍兴·期末）A sports star at the college where I worked recently came to my office. After making a few mistakes during a weekend match, she couldn’t stop blaming (责备) herself. She told me, “I’m in best condition, and I practice hard. How is this happening?” Many students, like this girl, believe that nights in the library and hours on the field should lead them to success. They believe that when they win, they feel powerful and smart. When they fail, they always can’t help thinking “it must be all my fault”. We often talk about young adults fighting against failure because their parents have protected them from being uncomfortable. But there is something else here. Parents sometimes wrongly promise their children, “you can achieve anything if you are willing to work for it.” However, they sometimes fail although they try their best. Then what can we do to help? Psychologists (心理学者) Luthar and Kumar believes, instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things don’t go their way, we adults should help students go for success in healthier ways. We should teach them to regard failure as a natural part of learning. Parents and teachers are expected to spend time helping students to find purpose, or goals they really love to achieve, which may help them get greater life satisfaction. At Smith College where I teach, students are asked to find out how difficulties and missteps made them stronger or more powerful. The point is not to tell our kids not to make efforts or try their best. But that they can control everything is not really resilience (适应力). We should be wise to remind them that something unexpected always happens in our lives. 1．According to Paragraph 2, many students think ________. A．nothing can stop them but themselves B．effort is more important than ability C．they are sure to succeed if they work hard D．success is not always under control 2．The underlined word “something” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________. A．they don’t want to work hard for their goals B．they are taught how to deal with difficulties C．they have no ability to solve problems D．their parents lead them with a wrong message 3．According to psychologists Luthar and Kumar, parents and teachers should ________. A．help students learn from mistakes B．help find out the way to their work C．teach students how to avoid failure D．teach students to have higher dreams 4．The writer wrote the passage to ________. A．tell students not to fail all the way B．introduce some good ways to lower study stress C．encourage students to go for success in a proper way D．remind students to work hard for their life goals / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 阅读理解（议论文） 主题01 人与自我——方法与哲理 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期末）You may have heard of the popular saying, “Practice makes perfect.” But have you ever wondered: Is it really true? Does practice always make perfect?    Sometimes practice does make perfect. Take a math test as an example. If you know you’re going to have a math test in a week, you can keep doing math exercises before the test. If you get a full mark on your test, that’s perfect and you can say the practice helped get you there.   However, in some other aspects of life, practice doesn’t always make perfect. It doesn’t mean that practice is useless. Sometimes it just means that there’s no such thing as “perfect” in a certain aspect. For example, if you play sports or a musical instrument, there are no perfect games or perfect performances. It all depends on what you consider to be perfect.   All in all, practice doesn’t always make perfect, it almost always makes you better than you were before practicing. The more you practice something, the better you are at it.    根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What is the author’s attitude (态度) to “Practice makes perfect” in the first paragraph? A．Unsuccessful B．Supportive C．Acceptable D．Questionable. 2．Why does the author take a math test as an example? A．To remind us practice make perfect all the time. B．To tell us that sometimes practice does make perfect. C．To encourage us to express our own opinions. D．To show us there’s no such thing as “perfect.” 3．According to the last paragraph, we can know that________ A．Practice always makes perfect. B．Practice has no effect on our improvement. C．We will be better at something if we practice more. D．We don’t need to practice because it may not lead to perfection. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．The underlined word “aspects” in paragraph 3 means________. A．fields B．kinds C．exercises D．lives 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 【解析】本文主要讲了对”熟能生巧”的理解。 1．观点态度题。根据“But have you ever wondered: Is it really true? Does practice always make perfect?”可知，作者对孰能生巧存在质疑，questionable“有疑惑的，质疑的”。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段句意以及“Sometimes practice does make perfect”可知，举数学考试的例子去说明练习能帮助我们很多，即熟能生巧，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“All in all, practice doesn’t always make perfect, it almost always makes you better than you were before practicing. The more you practice something, the better you are at it.”可知，生活中并不总是能够熟能生巧，但是不断地练习一定会比之前更熟练。选项C“如果我们勤加练习，一定会更擅长某事。”符合题意。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。文章一共有四段，第一段作者提出自己的疑惑；第二段主要讲述生活中能够熟能生巧的事情；第三段主要讲述生活中无法熟能生巧的事情；第四段总结，即使不能孰能生巧，但是不断地练习也会使我们变更好。因此文章的结构是总——分——总。故选B。 5．词义猜测题。根据“However, in some other aspects of life, ”可知，此处表示“生活中其他方面”，field“领域，方面”符合语境。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·江苏盐城·期末）How do you treat your books? Do you use a bookmark to avoid folding (折叠) a page and keep your books clean and tidy on a shelf? Or perhaps you pay less attention to their condition—you’re happy to take notes down the margins (页边空白) of a page. What’s your idea—do you think they should always be kept in good condition? Yes. Books deserve our respect. It is important to care for your books. This is especially true if the book costs a lot of money or is given to you as a present. It also won’t last long if they are damaged (破坏). If a book is full of ripped (撕破的) pages, it is less possible that a friend will want to pick it up and read. If you donate it to a charity shop, it is less possible that someone will buy it. Over time, treating books badly could become a bad habit. NO. It doesn’t matter if you just read. One of the great things about an actual book is that readers can make it their own with notes. If it’s a gift, you can write a nice message. It can make a book feel personal and special to you. It doesn’t matter if this means that a book isn’t in perfect condition—you can always buy a new copy if the old one gets too damaged. In the end, writers just want people to read their stories: they don’t mind how or where people do it. 1．What is the passage about? A．The discussion about how to treat our books with bookmarks. B．The discussion about whether we should keep books well. C．The reasons for reading more books in daily life. D．The reasons for treating books in a friendly way. 2．What does the underlined sentence “Books deserve our respect.” mean? A．Books are worth our respect. B．Books help us win respect. C．Books teach us to show respect. D．Books catch people’s attention. 3．According to the passage, someone may not want to pick the book to read if ________. A．it costs a lot of money B．it is a present C．it is full of ripped pages D．it is from a charity shop 4．Some people think keeping books in good condition is unimportant probably because ________. A．they like untidy books better than those in good condition B．they would rather throw the old books away C．they think books with messages may make people less interested D．they care more about writers’ stories than how books are kept 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。主要是关于是否应该好好爱护书本的讨论。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“What’s your idea—do you think they should always be kept in good condition?”可知本文主要是关于我们是否应该好好爱护书本的讨论。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第一个表格“It is important to care for your books. This is especially true if the book costs a lot of money or is given to you as a present.”可知爱护你的书是很重要的。如果这本书花了很多钱或是作为礼物送给你，这一点尤其正确。可推测这是表示“书籍值得我们尊重”，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第一个表格“ If a book is full of ripped (撕破的) pages, it is less possible that a friend will want to pick it up and read. ”可知如果一本书被撕得满页都是，朋友就不太可能愿意拿起来阅读了。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据第二个表格“In the end, writers just want people to read their stories: they don’t mind how or where people do it.”可知归根结底，作家们只是希望人们能读到他们的故事：他们并不介意人们是如何或在哪里读到的。由此推测，人们觉得好好保存书并不是很重要因为他们更在乎作者的故事。故选D。 主题02 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 （23-24九年级上·湖南张家界·期末） Several months ago, an old man in Dalian failed to travel by underground. At the station, he was asked to show his health QR code (二维码) on the smartphone. “What is a QR code?” the old man asked. “I have money to buy a ticket. Why do I need a smartphone?” In the end, he had to leave the station. Over 10 years ago, people still had to leave their house to buy a train ticket or pay their bills. Now all these can be done with a smartphone, and, in some cases, only with a smartphone. On one hand, the fast development of science and technology is making our life easier. But on the other hand, it is creating problems for old people. Many old people have devoted (奉献) their whole life to working for the society (社会), but now it seems the society had left them behind. What can be done to make a difference? Some volunteers are trying to help. They teach the elderly to use smartphones. However, it only helps to solve part of the problem. Many old people have physical problems. Poor eyesight makes reading on small screens difficult. And their less sensitive (灵敏的) fingers make it hard for them to use touch screens. Perhaps these are problems that smartphone makers should try to deal with. Moreover, if you have grandparents or know some elderly people, lend a helping hand to them when they need it. And remember to be patient. Technologies that you think are easy to learn may be a huge problem for them. 1．The old man in Dalian left the station because ________. A．he had no money to buy a smartphone B．he didn’t have a ticket C．he didn’t know how to show his health QR code on his smartphone 2．The example of the old man in Dalian is to show ________. A．technology is improving people’s life B．old people cannot get used to the society C．technology has caused problems for old people 3．The underlined word “it” refers to ________. A．working hard for the society B．making old people’s life easier C．teaching old people to use smartphones 4．What should we do when we meet the elderly people in trouble? A．Lend them a hand. B．Give some money to them. C．Take them to the hospital. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．C 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了科技发展给老年人带来的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“At the station, he was asked to show his health QR code (二维码) on the smartphone. ‘What is a QR code?’ the old man asked. ‘I have money to buy a ticket. Why do I need a smartphone?’ In the end, he had to leave the station.”可知，老人离开车站是因为他不知道如何在智能手机上展示健康码，故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第一段“an old man in Dalian failed to travel by underground”可知，老人由于智能手机的问题，未能乘坐上地铁，由此推断，科技给老年人带来了困难。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。“it”所在句子“Some volunteers are trying to help. They teach the elderly to use smartphones. However, it only helps to solve part of the problem.”中，“it”指代前面提到的“教老年人使用智能手机”这件事，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Moreover, if you have grandparents or know some elderly people, lend a helping hand to them when they need it.”可知，当遇到有困难的老人时，我们应该向他们伸出援手，故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·浙江绍兴·期末）Nature and culture are often seen as opposite ideas. What belongs to nature cannot be the result of human activities and, on the other hand, cultural development is achieved against nature. However, this is not the only opinion on the relationship between nature and culture. Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species. Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle against human nature. We are born with wild natures, such as eating and behaving in a disorganized way or acting selfishly. Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures; it is thanks to culture that the human species could learn to adapt, progress and raise itself above and beyond other species. Over the past century and a half, however, studies in the history of human development have shown that the formation of culture is part of the biological adaptation. Consider, for example, hunting. It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits. At the same time, the development of weapons is related to that adaptation—from rocks and stones to a set of hunting tools, and from hunting tools to rules relating to the proper use of weapons. Hunting also seems to be responsible for a whole set of bodily abilities, such as balancing on one foot. Just think of how this very simple thing is closely related to dance, a key expression of human culture. It is then clear that biological development and cultural development are closely tied. The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shell, so do we bring along our culture. However, culture is also passed on among people of the same times or among people belonging to different populations. We can learn how to make jiaozi even if we were born from Russian parents in Paris just as we can learn how to speak English even if none of our family or friends speaks that language. 1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly intended to tell readers? A．Nature teaches humans how to adapt to rules. B．Humans are supposed to be well organized. C．Culture pushes the human species to progress. D．Culture is part of the development of human nature. 2．Why does the writer take “hunting” for example? A．To show how culture develops as humans adapt to the environment. B．To underline the importance of tools in humans’ struggle for life. C．To suggest some possible ways of changing humans’ living habits. D．To explain why there is a need to call for the proper use of weapons. 3．According to the last paragraph, we know culture ________. A．should be valued B．can be developed C．should be respected D．can be spread 4．What is the writer’s opinion on the nature-culture relationship? A．Culture and nature are separate yet balanced. B．Nature and culture are different but connected. C．Culture depends much on nature to progress. D．Nature follows the unwritten rules set by culture. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。自然和文化常常被视为对立的观点，但是人类发展的研究表明，文化，无论是作为一种反对自然的努力还是自然的努力，都是人类物种发展的一部分。生物的发展和文化的发展是紧密相连的，文化的传播似乎与我们血液中的东西直接相关。 1．段落大意题。根据“Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle against human nature”和“it is thanks to culture that the human species could learn to adapt, progress and raise itself above and beyond other species” 可知，本段想告诉读者，教育利用文化帮助人类克服自身的原始天性，文化推动人类进步。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“Consider, for example, hunting. It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits”可推测，作者以“狩猎”为例是为了展示文化是如何随着人类对环境的适应而发展的。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood”及后段的例举可知，文化具有传播性，可以在不同的人群间传播。故选D。 4．观点态度题。根据“Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species” 可推测，作者认为自然和文化之间是对立且密切联系的。故选B。 主题03 人与社会——青少年问题 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）“Without music, life would be a mistake,” famous German philosopher (哲学家) Friedrich Nietzsche said over a century ago. Music is a big part of our daily lives. But in recent years, some US schools have cut Music classes to control budgets (预算). For example, Chicago public schools hurt arts education when it fired over 1,000 teachers. Among them, 10 percent of the teachers taught Art or Music, according to The Washington Times. In fact, this is not just a problem in the US. In other countries, such as China and the UK, Music classes are not thought to be as important as ones like Science, Maths and History. That’s partly because music is not seen as a very important life skill, and it isn’t tested. Many students are busy with schoolwork, so parents and students choose to focus on (关注) subjects that are tested more often. However, learning music is beneficial (有益的) in many ways. When playing music, you need different abilities to work together. It is not as simple as it looks, according to Kenneth Guilmartin of MusicTogether, an early childhood music development programme. For example, when playing the piano, people see music notes and decode (解码) them in their brains. They also use their fingers to make sounds. You need to deal with all these things at the same time. Music has a special connection with science as well. You can see that many scientists are good at playing music: Einstein played the violin, and German physicist Max Planck was talented in playing the piano. 1．Some schools in the US have cut Music classes because ________. A．students in the US weren’t interested in music B．they were too difficult to learn C．there weren’t enough music teachers in the US D．the schools wanted to control budgets 2．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refers to “________”. A．public schools B．fired teachers C．parents in Chicago D．students in Chicago 3．How many scientists who are good at playing music are mentioned in this passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 【解析】本文主要介绍了音乐是我们生活的一个重要部分，但是一些学校正在削减音乐课。人们对音乐的不重视一定程度上是因为它不被视为一种重要的生活技能。事实上音乐在许多方面是有益的，许多科学家就擅长演奏音乐。 1．细节理解题。根据“some US schools have cut music classes to control budgets (预算)”可知，一些学校削减音乐课以控制预算，故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“Chicago public schools hurt arts education when it fired over 1,000 teachers. Among them, 10 percent of the teachers taught Art or Music”可知，芝加哥公立学校解雇了1000多名教师，其中，10%的教师教授美术或音乐，此处them指代的是解雇的老师，故选B。 3． 细节理解题。根据“Einstein played the violin, and German physicist Max Planck was talented in playing the piano.”可知，提到了爱因斯坦和马克斯·普朗克。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·广东广州·期末）Cell phone use has become more and more common among high school students, but a clear decision hasn’t yet been reached on their proper use in schools. Cell phones, supporters say, are useful to both parents and students. In addition, cell phones can be lifesavers in an emergency, providing police with important and timely information. Some teachers also point out that cell phones are useful educational tools. Older students can conduct phone interviews during class time with teacher supervision(管理)，for example. Also, many cell phones now have internet capability, built-in calculators, and memories able to hold entire books. For schools with limited technologies available to students, cell phones can be used as computers. But some argue that the disadvantages outweigh the benefits. The primary concern is that cell phones take students’ attention away from their study. Even though most schools require that phones be turned off during school hours, such a rule is difficult to follow; for example, students who leave class for a bathroom break could use the phone while out of the room. Should a phone ring in class, the entire classroom is disturbed and teachers report that many students will answer the call. Cheating and improper photos are also concerns related to cell phones. Teachers have caught high school students taking pictures of tests to pass along to students in later classes, for example, or accessing(存取) photos of textbook pages or notes during tests. Many school systems have banned camera phones while still allowing traditional cell phones. Cell phone has become a necessary part of society. But keeping up with technological advances is not easy. Schools need guidelines to govern improper cell phone use. Teachers should post school and classroom policies regarding cell phones, and the class should discuss these policies at the beginning of the school year. 1．What is the main reason given by people against students’ use of cell phones? A．Cell phones make noises in classroom B．Cell phones are used to take improper photos. C．Students cannot focus on their study. D．Students use cell phones to cheat during tests. 2．By saying the underlined sentence in the last paragraph, what does the author mean? A．It’s not easy to keep up with modern technological developments. B．Cell phone technology has improved rapidly in the past few years. C．Cell phones have more functions because of technological advances. D．It’s not easy to prevent improper cell phone use among students. 3．The author holds the idea that ________. A．students should use cell phones properly B．students should be forbidden to use cell phones C．it is impossible to make a cell phone use policy D．it is foolish to limit students’ use of cell phones 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 【解析】这是一篇议论文，讲的是关于高中生是否可以使用手机，分别论述了支持者的理由和反对者的理由。 1．细节理解题。由第三段“The primary concern is that cell phones take students’ attention away from their study.”可知人们反对高中生使用手机的首要原因是手机转移了学生的注意力，使学生不能专心于学习。故选C。 2．推理判断题。由最后一段“Schools need guidelines to govern improper cell phone use. Teachers should post school and classroom policies regarding cell phones, and the class should discuss these policies at the beginning of the school year.”可知学校、老师和班级都需要指引或政策来管理不适当的手机使用，说明避免学生不当使用手机不是一件容易的事。故选D。 3．推理判断题。由最后一段“Cell phone has become a necessary part of society. Schools need guidelines to govern improper cell phone use. Teachers should post school and classroom policies regarding cell phones, and the class should discuss these policies at the beginning of the school year.”可知，作者认为手机是当今社会的必要部分，同时主张学校、老师和班级应该出台相关的使用手机的制度，即作者同意学生应适当使用手机。故选A。 主题04 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （23-24九年级上·湖南长沙·期末） Governments around the world are pushing for an end to plastic straws (吸管) and bags. More and more businesses are turning to paper products as a choice. Paper is considered by many to be better than plastic. However, it is harmful to the environment, too. Firstly, paper bags and straws are made from trees. Trees, as you know, can reduce (减少) carbon dioxide (CO2) levels (水平) in the air. They can slow down climate change. An increase in the use of paper bags can cause more trees to be cut down. Secondly, products made from paper require more energy and water. About 10% more energy than and four times as much water is used to produce a paper bag than a plastic one. You might say that we can use recycled paper to save that energy and water. This seems to be a good idea. However, it takes even more energy and water to go through the recycling process than to make a brand-new paper bag. Products made from recycled paper are also often short-lived. Furthermore, paper products are heavier than plastic ones. That means they require more oil to transport. Seven trucks are needed to transport two million paper bags, while only one truck is needed to transport the same number of plastic bags. The increased weight also 1eads to a large amount of waste once the bags are thrown away. Paper products are actually a lose-lose for both the environment and businesses. They are more expensive than plastic products. A paper straw costs about 5 to 12 cents, while a plastic one usually costs only about 2 cents. The most environment-friendly solution is to avoid single-use products altogether. Products like glass water bottles and steel straws can be used over and over again. They are much better than either paper products or plastic products. Through increasing the use of these products, you can greatly reduce your throwaway waste and truly make our earth a greener place! 1．How does the writer introduce the topic? A．By listing a fact. B．By giving an example. C．By telling a story. 2．What can we know about paper products from Paragraph 2 to Paragraph 4? A．They can slow down climate change. B．They require as much water as plastic ones. C．They need more trucks to transport. 3．Which of the following may the writer agree with? A．Paper products are good for environment and businesses. B．It’s best to buy reusable products like steel straws. C．We should use single-use cups to drink water. 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To introduce the advantages of paper products. B．To push for an end to plastic straws and bags. C．To call on using products in an environment-friendly way. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 【解析】本文主要讲述了出于对保护环境的考虑，最环保的解决方案是完全避免使用一次性产品。 1．推理判断题。根据“Governments around the world are pushing for an end to plastic straws (吸管) and bags. More and more businesses are turning to paper products as a choice. Paper is considered by many to be better than plastic. However, it is harmful to the environment, too.”可知，世界各国政府正在推动结束塑料吸管和袋子。越来越多的企业将纸制品作为一种选择。许多人认为纸比塑料好。然而，它也对环境有害。由此可知文章以列举事实引出话题。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“Seven trucks are needed to transport two million paper bags, while only one truck is needed to transport the same number of plastic bags.”可知，运输200万个纸袋需要七辆卡车，而运输相同数量的塑料袋只需要一辆卡车。由此可知，纸袋需要更多的卡车来运输。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“Products like glass water bottles and steel straws can be used over and over again. They are much better than either paper products or plastic products. Through increasing the use of these products, you can greatly reduce your throwaway waste and truly make our earth a greener place!”可知，玻璃水瓶和钢吸管等产品可以反复使用。它们比纸制品或塑料制品好得多。通过增加这些产品的使用，可以大大减少一次性垃圾，真正让我们的地球变得更环保！由此可知，作者会认同这样的看法“最好购买可重复使用的产品，如钢吸管”。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“Products like glass water bottles and steel straws can be used over and over again. They are much better than either paper products or plastic products. Through increasing the use of these products, you can greatly reduce your throwaway waste and truly make our earth a greener place!”可知，作者写这篇文章是为了号召人们使用环保产品。故选C。 Passage 2 （23-24九年级上·内蒙古赤峰·期末）In the USA, a question is asked millions of times every day in the supermarket: “Paper or plastic?” Well, which kind of bags would you choose? In fact, all kinds of bags have some influence (影响) on the environment. But we are always told that paper bags are better. However, making paper bags takes more energy than making plastic bags. Studies show that paper bag production requires four times as much energy as plastic bag production. And the influence on forests is more serious. It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags. As for recycling, some people believe that paper bags are more environment-friendly than plastic ones. However, this idea can be quickly discarded. Research shows the opposite is true. Even though paper bags might be more harmful than plastic ones, plastic still seems to be considered as the more harmful of the two. In Ireland, people have to pay 22 cents for every plastic bag. As a result, their use has dropped quickly. It seems wise to reuse these bags. However, we’re not doing that a lot. That may be because they are easily broken. If so, cloth bags are a better choice, but still their production also has a bad influence on the environment. So what should we do? How should we answer the question of “Paper or plastic?” It seems that we first need to ask ourselves the following question: “What can I do to help the environment?” 1．The question in Paragraph 1 is used to ________. A．tell the reader how to shop B．explain the writer’s problem C．show what will be discussed in the passage 2．What does the underlined word “discarded” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A．分享 B．抛弃 C．讨论 3．How has Ireland cut down the use of plastic bags? A．By letting people pay for them. B．By not allowing people to use them. C．By providing people with paper bags. 4．Which statement is right from the passage? A．Few kinds of bags have some influence on the environment. B．It seems wise to reuse these bags because they aren't easily broken. C．It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【解析】本文主要讨论了纸袋子和塑料袋子到底哪个对环境的危害更大。 1．推理判断题。根据“In fact, all kinds of bags have some influence (影响) on the environment.”可知，第一段的问题目的在于引出下文。选项C“展示文章将会讨论什么”符合题意。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“As for recycling, some people believe that paper bags are more environment-friendly than plastic ones. However, this idea can be quickly discarded. Research shows the opposite is true.”可知，一些人认为，纸袋子相对塑料袋子在回收时对环境更为友好，然而，研究显示事实刚好相反，所以，这种观点很快被抛弃。discarded意为“抛弃”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“In Ireland, people have to pay 22 cents for every plastic bag. As a result, their use has dropped quickly.”可知，在爱尔兰，人们必须付22美分来购买每个塑料袋，结果，塑料袋的使用大幅降低。由此可知，爱尔兰是通过让人们为塑料袋付费来减少塑料袋的使用的。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags.”可知，生产100亿个纸袋需要大约1400万棵树。故选C。 主题01 人与自我——方法与哲理 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·辽宁阜新·期末） Should Museum Entry Be Free? With International Museum Day coming up, today we are asking readers: Should museums be free or should people have to pay for a ticket? Let us know your view. Comments: Museums are not only there for enjoyment; they are education. This is why they must be free. While museums need a huge amount of money to operate, let the wealthy pay for it. The idea of a person or child interested in art not being able to view it because of cost is wrong. Krista Chen (US)— Age 15 Free entry does not attract people or encourage them to appreciate art. Generally, people respect things that are difficult or costly to get. Museums should require regular visitors to pay a fee, but provide free tickets as prizes for high-achieving students who can appreciate them more. Fred Smith (New Zealand)— Age 14 Museums teach people about their past. This is part of our shared culture that should be available to everyone, rich or poor. People should never be asked to pay an entrance fee. Rob Sanchez (Australia)—Age 17 There are no simple answers. Low ticket prices could help museums stay open. But companies and businessmen should also provide museums with more money and other support. They have a social responsibility too. Amber White (UK)—Age 16 I think museums and art galleries should all be free to the public. I do, however, think twice a year the museums should organize money-raising events to help pay for the cost of staying open. Li Mishao (China)—Age 15 1．How many readers support the idea of free museums? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 2．Who suggests museums should regularly hold special events to collect money? A．Krista Chen. B．Fred Smith. C．Rob Sanchez. D．Li Mishao. 3．Why does Fred Smith believe that free tickets should be given to high-achieving students? A．Students will then study harder. B．Museums win attract more visitors. C．Museums can make themselves more famous. D．These students can better appreciate museums. 4．What can we know about the website? A．It’s quite a new website. B．It’s generally for young readers. C．It was started in Australia. D．It mainly discusses scientific topics. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．B 【解析】本文主要介绍了几个来自不同国家的年轻人对关于博物馆是否应该免费开放的意见。 1．细节理解题。根据“Museums are not only there for enjoyment; they are education. This is why they must be free.”和“This is part of our shared culture that should be available to everyone, rich or poor. People should never be asked to pay an entrance fee.”以及“I think museums and art galleries should all be free to the public.”可知，有三个人赞同不要收费。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“I do, however, think twice a year the museums should organize money-raising events to help pay for the cost of staying open.”可知，Li Mishao提出的博物馆应该组织募捐活动。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“but provide free tickets as prizes for high-achieving students who can appreciate them more.”可知，Fred Smith认为给成绩优秀的学生免费票是因为他们能更好地欣赏博物馆。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据图片里面的“YOUTH NEWS、School Life”和回答问题的学生的年龄可知，这个网站更多地针对青年读者。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·吉林长春·期末）①Growing up, I always took notes in class by hand. I would copy everything from the blackboard or slide (幻灯片) while listening to the teacher. When I entered college, I noticed that many students were using laptops (笔记本电脑) to take notes. Sometimes, I wondered: Should I change my note-taking habits? Could I get better grades if I typed (打字) my notes instead of writing them by hand? ②A study at Princeton University looked at different note-taking skills. The researchers asked pairs of students to take notes during an online course. In each pair, one student used a computer, and the other used pen and paper. The researchers found that the students performed similarly on fact-based (基于事实) questions. However, some questions required that the students answered what they had learned in the lesson. On these questions, the “typing or copying everything” students scored much lower. Interestingly, this study also found that students who didn’t copy the notes word for word scored higher. And this discovery (发现) made me improve my note-taking habits. ③“With laptops or your pen and paper, you can write a lot of things down,” said Michi Matsukura, one of my professors (教授). “The problem is, are you trying to understand what you’ re writing?” ④Now, “conceptual (概念化的) note taking”— focusing on big ideas, key terms, and interesting facts—simply makes more sense to us. We’ve found it more helpful in our studies than copying everything. It wasn’t easy to make this change, though. There was a fear of missing something when I first stopped writing down everything on the slide. ⑤It takes time and effort to discover and master the art of note taking. You can write your notes by hand or type them. You can copy word for word or try “conceptual note taking.” In the end, they are your notes. Just do what works best for you. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．Which is true about typing or copying the notes word for word? A．It’s helpful to answer some fact-based questions. B．People always use some key terms when copying. C．Big ideas are often used when people copy the notes. D．It’s easy to answer what we have learned in the lesson. 2．What made the writer improve his note-taking habits? A．His professor’s advice. B．The discovery of a study. C．An online course. D．His classmate’s help. 3．What does the underlined phrase “focus on” mean in the fourth paragraph? A．Pay attention to. B．Depend on. C．Take care of. D．Prepare for. 4．What is the writer’s opinion in the last paragraph? A．Conceptual note taking is more important. B．Typing on laptops can help get better grades. C．He especially supports copying everything down. D．It’s better to choose a method that works best for you. 5．What is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2…) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 【解析】本文主要介绍不同的记笔记方式，作者建议我们最好选择适合自己的方式。 1．细节理解题。根据“The researchers found that the students performed similarly on fact-based (基于事实) questions. However, some questions required that the students answered what they had learned in the lesson. On these questions, the ‘typing or copying everything’ students scored much lower.”可知，研究人员发现，在基于事实的问题上，“打字或逐字抄写”的学生们的表现相似。然而，有些问题要求学生回答他们在课堂上所学的内容。在这些问题上，“打字或逐字抄写”的学生得分要低得多。因此“打字或逐字抄写”记笔记对回答一些基于事实的问题是有帮助的。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“And this discovery (发现) made me improve my note-taking habits.”可知，研究结果促使作者改善了记笔记的习惯。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“focusing on big ideas, key terms, and interesting facts—simply makes more sense to us.”可知，画线处表示“专注于”，“Pay attention to”与此同义。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“In the end, they are your notes. Just do what works best for you.”可知，作者认为最好选择一种适合自己的方式。故选D。 5．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，本文首先提出问题，然后分三段进行说明，最后写出结论。采用的是总-分-总的写作方式。故选C。 Passage 3 （23-24九年级上·海南省直辖县级单位·期末）Most people follow others blindly just under the influence of peer (同龄人) pressure or because they feel it safe to follow a large number of people. In some rare (稀少的) cases it might be right to follow the crowd, but in most cases this can be a big mistake. Actually there are reasons why we shouldn’t follow the crowd blindly. According to a study, people often follow the crowd when they aren’t sure about the direction they should take. This means a large number of people could be following others without understanding what’s right and what’s wrong! This makes more people follow and as a result most people move in a certain direction even if it isn’t right. A man who wants to be successful always hopes for others’ guidance (指引) and he usually follows the same path of most people, but the question this man never asks himself is: are all of those people successful? Of course not! If you want to follow a crowd, then follow a successful one. However, in real life you’ll only find one successful person among hundreds of people, and that’s why following the crowd makes no sense at all. Most people act emotionally without thinking wisely. If you always follow others because they’re greater than you in number, then sooner or later you’ll discover that you’re taking emotional (情绪化的) decisions you might regret (后悔) later. However, should we never follow the crowd? No! I’m not trying to say you should never follow the crowd, but instead I’m just asking you to think wisely before you take a decision. If you find others are right, there is no problem in following them, but if you have doubts about the direction they’re moving in, don’t follow them blindly. 1．Why do people follow the crowd blindly? A．Because it’s always right to do so. B．Because they feel it safe to do so. C．Because they can be successful by doing so. 2．What opinion does the writer hold? A．It is wrong to follow other people. B．You shouldn’t be sorry for what you have done. C．You should use your brain before following others. 3．What might you do if you follow others only because they are greater in number? A．Regret. B．Be successful. C．Think wisely. 4．Which statement is NOT true? A．In most cases, following others blindly can’t be right. B．In real life, you can find one successful person easily. C．Some people follow others because they feel it safe to follow many people. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A． B． C． 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 【解析】本文讨论了盲目跟随大众行为的现象及其可能的后果，强调了在跟随大众之前应当进行独立思考的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据“Most people follow others blindly just under the influence of peer (同龄人) pressure or because they feel it safe to follow a large number of people.”可知，大多数人盲目跟随别人只是因为同龄人的压力，或者因为他们觉得跟随人多比较安全。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“I’m just asking you to think wisely before you take a decision. If you find others are right, there is no problem in following them, but if you have doubts about the direction they’re moving in, don’t follow them blindly. ”可知，作者认为跟随大众前应该明智地思考。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“If you always follow others because they’re greater than you in number, then sooner or later you’ll discover that you’re taking emotional (情绪化的) decisions you might regret (后悔) later.”可知，如果你总是因为别人人数多而跟随他们，那么迟早你会发现自己在做一些可能会后悔的情绪化决定。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“in real life you’ll only find one successful person among hundreds of people,”可知，在现实生活中，你只能在数百人中找到一个成功的人，这表明成功的人并不容易找到，与选项B的说法相反。故选B。 5．篇章结构题。第一段引入了主题，指出大多数人盲目跟随他人的行为，提出了为什么这可能是一个错误的问题。 第二、三、四自然段深入分析了人们盲目跟随的原因。第五自然段总结了文章的观点，强调在跟随他人之前需要谨慎思考，并不是完全否定跟随他人的行为，而是提倡在有疑问时不应盲从。故选C。 主题02 人与社会——科学技术 Passage 1 （23-24九年级上·河北唐山·期末）Should students use AI to do homework? Here are four students’ opinions. Dylan, 13Many people worry that AI can be used as a cheating tool (作弊工具). But AI can be set to guide students through questions instead of giving them the answers. Nobody has to fall behind in class! And AI “teachers” can provide much support for students. Harper, 10Kids’ brains need to be exercised to develop, just like their bodies. Homework should teach kids skills and develop their brains. AI may be a useful tool, but students should learn to solve problems on their own. And AI stops them from learning on their own. Alexa, 11Teaching kids how to use AI can prepare them for our AI-filed future. And it’s better that students learn about AI’s limitations (局限性) now. I believe that as long as it’s done well, teaching AI in schools will change future for the better. Ninis, 12We shouldn’t introduce AI into schools. First, AI is getting “smarter” every day. Teachers may not know how to best use them in their classes. Second, think of the cost (成本). Many schools wouldn’t be able to buy it, and that’s not fair to some students. And most of all, AI just gives students information. But teachers know how to help students get information. 1．What does Dylan think AI can do? A．Guide students through questions. B．Help students do more exercise. C．Give students the answers. D．Make students become smarter. 2．How many pieces of reasons does Ninis give? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．Who support introducing AI into schools? A．Dylan and Alexa. B．Harper and Ninis. C．Dylan, Alexa and Ninis. D．Dylan, Harper and Ninis. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 【解析】本文是四个学生发表了他们对人工智能走进学校的看法。 1．细节理解题。根据“But AI can be set to guide students through questions instead of giving them the answers.”可知，他认为人工智能可以被设置为引导学生完成问题，而不是给他们答案。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“First...Second...And most of all”可知，给出了三条理由，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“And AI ‘teachers’ can provide much support for students.”和“I believe that as long as it’s done well, teaching AI in schools will change future for the better.”可知，Dylan和Alexa支持引入人工智能，故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·浙江·期末） Reshi completed a 12-page children’s book, Alice and Sparkle, with the help of a chatbot called ChatGPT. A chatbot is a computer program that uses artificial intelligence (AI) to imitate human thinking and writing. The book’s text was produced using it, and Reshi created illustrations (插图) using another AI program, Midjourney, which uses special computation (计算) rules to translate words into images. When Reshi posted the book online, it became very popular with children. Some people praised Reshi for being clever. However, not everyone was happy. Some artists criticized the book. They said the pictures were of poor quality, and more importantly, the way the pictures were made was a big problem. Midjourney works by searching through millions of images on the internet. It uses algorithms to find patterns in these images and make new ones. The problem is, Midjourney takes images from artists’ work without asking for permission. Some companies have already started using AI instead of human workers. For example, an AI robot told jokes at a comedy club instead of a person. The San Francisco Ballet also used AI-created images for advertising a ballet show called The Nutcracker. Many artists and writers are worried about their jobs. They fear that if AI can create art and writing for less money, people may not pay them for their work. Josephine, a journalist who makes money from writing, says, “I love writing, but it’s troubling to see people looking for cheaper choices instead of supporting real human writers.” There is a real concern about protecting the work of artists and writers who could have their creations used by AI programs. The technology industry that develops these tools should involve artists in the process of making them. 1．The passage is most likely to be taken from a ________. A．newspaper B．science fiction C．storybook D．travel guide 2．What does the underlined word “algorithms” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Creative ideas. B．Millions of pictures. C．Useful tools. D． Computation rules. 3．In Paragraph 4, the writer shows the popularity of using AI by ________. A．listing numbers B．giving examples C．making comparisons D．showing opinions 4．What’s the writer’s attitude towards Reshi’s event? A．Supportive. B．Uncaring. C．Critical. D．Changeable. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 【解析】本文讨论了艺术家和作家对使用人工智能（AI）程序创作作品的担忧，特别是在Reshi使用AI程序完成儿童读物《Alice and Sparkle》的情况下。AI创作引发了对创意作品被未经授权使用以及对艺术家和作家生计的威胁的担忧。 1．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讨论了AI技术对创作行业的影响，并引用了多方观点，这种讨论性及广泛受众的特点，符合报纸报道风格，故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Midjourney, which uses special computation (计算) rules to translate words into images.”可知， Midjourney，它使用特殊的计算规则将单词翻译成图像，结合“It uses algorithms to find patterns in these images and make new ones. ”可知，它就是用这种算法规则在这些图像中寻找模式，并制作新的图像，所以划线单词表示“运算规则”，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“For example, an AI robot told jokes at a comedy club instead of a person. The San Francisco Ballet also used AI-created images for advertising a ballet show called The Nutcracker.”可知，作者是通过举例说明的，故选B。 4．观点态度题。根据“There is a real concern about protecting the work of artists and writers who could have their creations used by AI programs. The technology industry that develops these tools should involve artists in the process of making them.”以及作者在文中提及一些艺术家的批评并指出了技术对艺术行业可能的威胁，可知，作者对Reshi事件有批评的态度。故选C。 主题03 人与社会——青少年问题 Passage 1 （23-24九年级上·山东临沂·期末）If you go shopping in any toy store, you can see there are a lot of pink toys on one side of the store for girls and dark-colored cars, guns, and soldiers for boys. Some big stores with toys may even have a pink floor for girls and a blue floor for boys. In fact, it is difficult to buy a toy for a girl that is not pink. Some people think that too much pink is bad for girls. Sue Palmer, writer of Toxic Childhood, is very worried that most girls over the age of three are crazy about the color. Sue Palmer says that girls at this age cannot make proper decisions by themselves, but the pink can affect (影响) the choices and the decisions they will make in the future. Some parents are also worried. It’s the same with Vanessa Holburn who has two girls under the age of four. Their bedrooms are a sea of pink and Vanessa is not happy. “Pink says that you are soft and gentle. Blue says that you are strong and powerful. I want my daughters to be strong and powerful. I’m worried that pink will not help them with that,” she says. But not everyone thinks there’s something wrong with pink. Grayson Turner is a father of three girls and he isn’t worried at all. “People forget that things change all the time,” he says. “My girls used to love pink when they were little, but as they get older, they change.” Turner explains that his twelve-year-old daughter never wears pink clothes anymore. “This love of pink is just a fashion and all fashions change,” he adds. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．The underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 means ________. A．being soft and gentle B．being strong and powerful C．being gentle but powerful 2．According to Grayson Turner, ________. A．pink has always been a color for girls B．his girls now prefer the color blue. C．parents needn’t worry about pink toys 3．The purpose of this passage is to ________. A．explain why girls are crazy about the color pink B．make parents less worried about boys or girls C．show people’s different opinions about the color pink 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (P l= Paragraph 1) A． B． C． 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了关于女孩们对粉红色玩具和物品的偏好以及父母和专家的不同看法。 1．推理判断题。根据第三段中“It’s the same with Vanessa Holburn who has two girls under the age of four. Their bedrooms are a sea of pink and Vanessa is not happy. “Pink says that you are soft and gentle. Blue says that you are strong and powerful. I want my daughters to be strong and powerful.”中Vanessa Holburn 的担忧，她认为粉红色代表温柔和温顺，而蓝色代表坚强和有力，因此该处的“that”指的是“坚强和有力”的特质。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“‘People forget that things change all the time,’ he says. ‘My girls used to love pink when they were little, but as they get older, they change.’”中Grayson Turner 的观点，他认为粉红色的喜好只是一个时尚趋势，会随着时间改变，因此他不认为父母需要为此担心。故选C。 3．主旨大意。文章展示了关于粉红色对女孩影响的不同观点，包括专家的担忧和父母的不同态度，因此目的是展示人们对粉红色影响的不同看法。故选C。 4．结构图解题。文章的结构图解为P1作为主题段落，接下来P2、P3一些家长担心，P4介绍了不担心的原因。故选A。 Passage 2 （23-24九年级上·山东日照·期末）Starting with this fall term, students in primary and middle schools will have at least one course every week on basic household skills such as cleaning and cooking, according to a new curriculum standard (课程标准) for labor education in compulsory (义务的) education made by the government. Should household skills be made compulsory at schools? Michael: By learning basic skills like cooking, cleaning and maintaining home appliances (家用电器), children can learn how to take care of themselves and live independently. Parents won’t always be there to help their children with every problem they’ll meet in their lives. They need to learn new things, make mistakes, solve problems and grow from their experiences. It is necessary for children to learn these important lifesaving skills as early as possible. Jade: There are only limited hours in a school day. With all the required classes, there is not enough time for household courses. I think it is something that parents need to do at home with their children, helping them around the house with cooking, cleaning, washing, planting, etc. Remember school can’t teach your children everything. They need you, too! Ben: Household courses should be made optional (可选择的) for students. They should be given the choice to take whatever they like. If one wants to cook dishes, he or she is welcome. But it should not be made compulsory and forced onto every student. Maria: I learned some basic cooking skills from my mother, but most of them were learned after I graduated from college, from cooking books and online short videos. Household skills like cooking are much more useful than a lot of what is taught in schools, but it does require some fully equipped (配备齐全的) kitchens. I hope these classes will benefit (使受益) students and not be seen as window dressing. 1．What does Jade think of household courses? A．They should be made optional. B．They are good for students’ growth. C．They can help children develop their interests. D．They should be taught by parents at home. 2．What does the underlined word “window dressing” probably mean? A．good look but not clever B．good form but not realizable (可做成的) C．good taste but not healthy D．good style but not popular 3．What’s the purpose of this passage? A．To tell parents the importance of household courses B．To introduce something about household courses C．To encourage students to study household courses D．To show different ideas about household courses 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 【解析】本文主要讲述了四位人物对于“家庭技能是否应该成为学校的必修课”这个话题的不同观点。 1．细节理解题。根据“Jade: …I think it is something that parents need to do at home with their children, helping them around the house with cooking, cleaning, washing, planting, etc.”可知，Jade认为这是父母需要在家里和孩子们一起做的事情，即家庭课程应该由家长在家教授。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“I hope these classes will benefit (使受益) students and not be seen as window dressing.”可知，Maria希望这个课程能够让学生受益，而不是徒有形式，划线部分的含义是“形式很好，但无法实现”，B项符合。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Should household skills be made compulsory at schools?”并通读全文可知，文章主要讲述四位人物对于“家庭技能是否应该成为学校的必修课”这个话题的不同观点，所以D项符合。故选D。 Passage 3 （23-24九年级上·浙江绍兴·期末）A sports star at the college where I worked recently came to my office. After making a few mistakes during a weekend match, she couldn’t stop blaming (责备) herself. She told me, “I’m in best condition, and I practice hard. How is this happening?” Many students, like this girl, believe that nights in the library and hours on the field should lead them to success. They believe that when they win, they feel powerful and smart. When they fail, they always can’t help thinking “it must be all my fault”. We often talk about young adults fighting against failure because their parents have protected them from being uncomfortable. But there is something else here. Parents sometimes wrongly promise their children, “you can achieve anything if you are willing to work for it.” However, they sometimes fail although they try their best. Then what can we do to help? Psychologists (心理学者) Luthar and Kumar believes, instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things don’t go their way, we adults should help students go for success in healthier ways. We should teach them to regard failure as a natural part of learning. Parents and teachers are expected to spend time helping students to find purpose, or goals they really love to achieve, which may help them get greater life satisfaction. At Smith College where I teach, students are asked to find out how difficulties and missteps made them stronger or more powerful. The point is not to tell our kids not to make efforts or try their best. But that they can control everything is not really resilience (适应力). We should be wise to remind them that something unexpected always happens in our lives. 1．According to Paragraph 2, many students think ________. A．nothing can stop them but themselves B．effort is more important than ability C．they are sure to succeed if they work hard D．success is not always under control 2．The underlined word “something” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________. A．they don’t want to work hard for their goals B．they are taught how to deal with difficulties C．they have no ability to solve problems D．their parents lead them with a wrong message 3．According to psychologists Luthar and Kumar, parents and teachers should ________. A．help students learn from mistakes B．help find out the way to their work C．teach students how to avoid failure D．teach students to have higher dreams 4．The writer wrote the passage to ________. A．tell students not to fail all the way B．introduce some good ways to lower study stress C．encourage students to go for success in a proper way D．remind students to work hard for their life goals 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 【解析】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了学生对于成功和失败的看法，以及父母和教育者如何帮助学生以更健康的方式面对失败，强调了教育学生正确看待失败和挑战的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Many students, like this girl, believe that nights in the library and hours on the field should lead them to success. They believe that when they win, they feel powerful and smart.”可知，许多学生认为如果他们努力工作，他们一定会成功。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据第三段“But there is something else here. Parents sometimes wrongly promise their children, ‘you can achieve anything if you are willing to work for it.’”可知，但这里还有别的事情。根据前后文语境可知，something指的是父母给他们的错误信息。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Psychologists (心理学者) Luthar and Kumar believes, instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things don’t go their way, we adults should help students go for success in healthier ways. We should teach them to regard failure as a natural part of learning.”可知，父母和老师应该帮助学生从错误中学习。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The point is not to tell our kids not to make efforts or try their best. But that they can control everything is not really resilience (适应力). We should be wise to remind them that something unexpected always happens in our lives.”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励学生以正确的方式获得成功。故选C。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $