专题06 阅读理解（说明文）（期末真题汇编）九年级英语上学期人教版

专题06 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自我——哲理感悟 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·江苏盐城·期末）One thing that could help us to recover from tiredness is sleep. And sleeping is the favorite hobby of most people today. Studies show that the way people sleep at night decides the type of personality they have. Robert Phipps, a body language expert, has named four sleeping positions that influence personality. Phipps found that worriers, those who are under stress, are likely to sleep in the fetal position. He found that this is the most common bedtime position, with nearly 58 percent of people sleeping on their side with knees up and head down. The more we curl up, the more comfort we are seeking. The second most common position is the log. People sleep with a straight body, with arms at each side. Nearly 28 percent of people sleep this way and they often feel harder to move their body when they wake up. “The longer you sleep like this, the more rigid your thinking is and you are unwilling to change, which means you make things harder for yourself,” according to Phipps. Yearner sleepers are next on the list. About 25 percent of people sleep in this style — on their side with arms stretched out in front, looking as if they are chasing their dreams or perhaps being chased themselves. “Yearners are always expecting the best results,” explained Phipps. “These people often wake up refreshed and they are willing to face the challenges of the day ahead.” Perhaps the strangest sleeping style is the freefaller position. This sleeping position makes up 17 percent of the population. They sleep face down on the stomach. “These people,” according to Phipps, “feel like they have little control over their life.” Not only is this the strangest sleeping style, but also the least comfortable, and people may wake up feeling tired and have no energy. In conclusion, Phipps has only one more thing to add, “A good sleep sets us up for the following day and our sleeping positions can decide how we feel when we wake up.” 1．According to the text, which picture is the fetal position? A． B． C． D． 2．What does the underlined word “rigid” mean? A．固执的 B．新颖的 C．愚蠢的 D．灵活的 3．What is suggested in the text? A．The fetal sleepers are willing to comfort other people. B．It's easy for the freefaller sleepers to control their life. C．Yearner sleepers prefer to do the best in life and work. D．The log sleepers sleep as if they are chasing something. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the text? (P1=Paragraph 1...) A． B． C． D． Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·陕西西安·期末）The field classroom provides students with both a labor (劳动) class and an education class. Students actively take part in the field classroom and they can get the hands-on experience. It not only improves their understanding of crops, but also builds a connection between the knowledge from books and practical experience. In the field, teachers talked about grain with students and answered their questions. The students saw wheat and soybeans (小麦和大豆). They also touched the wheat and learned that people usually harvest (收获) the wheat at the end of September. I wrote down all the advantages of wheat in my notebook,” one student said. He learned that eating wheat is good for people’s health. Other students also learned something new. “I knew about soybeans only from textbooks. This time, I saw real ones and learned how they grow,” said a student. Before this, a girl who grew up in the city thought that farming was something old. But this trip changed her ideas greatly. “I saw really cool farming, machines, and they showed me how farming changes and gets better,” she said. In fact, learning in the filed gives children a chance to take an active part in the harvest and experience the joy of harvest. The children can experience the process in person from the fields to the dining table, from crops to food. The field classroom helps them broaden their horizons, increase their knowledge and get the joy of labor. It also develops students’ correct labor values and good labor habits. 1．How can students know more about crops from the field classroom? A．By asking others questions. B．By going to the farm outside. C．By talking about the crops in class. D．By gaining some knowledge from textbooks. 2．Which of the following words belongs to the underlined word “grain”? A．corn B．toy C．dog D．apple 3．What’s the text mainly about? A．Learning in the field. B．Planting different crops. C．Changing opinions on labor education. D．Introduce some different kinds of crops. 4．Which of the following is the structure of the text? A．①/②/③/④ B．①/②③④ C．①②/③/④ D．①/②③/④ Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·陕西西安·期末）Time is very important for us, so we all should value time. Today, I read two poems about time that I want to share with you. Here are the two poems: ① To know the value of one week， ask editors (编辑) of weekly newspapers. To know the value of one hour， ask lovers who are waiting to meet. To know the value of one minute， ask the person who missed the train. To know the value of one second， ask the one being saved in an accident. Time waits for no one. Treasure every second you have. Act now， day and night. Make progress more or less. Each day is a new life. ② Enjoy every second in your life. Once you get older， the days go by so fast. Seize time， don’t let it pass you by. Seize time， live as there is no second try. Nothing should stand on your way. Slow down time， get on your way. Time goes by， in a rush of days. Seize time， here and now. 1．Whom can you ask about the value of one second? A．The one who missed the train. B．The one who worked for newspapers. C．The one who was saved in an accident. D．The one who waited for his or her lover. 2．How does the writer start the Poem ②? A．By asking a question. B．By giving an example. C．By giving an opinion. D．By telling a fact. 3．The underlined word “seize” probably means “________”. A．catch B．give C．waste D．protect 4．Which of the following has the same topic as the two above? A．海内存知己，天涯若比邻。 B．孤舟蓑笠翁，独钓寒江雪。 C．欲穷千里目，更上一层楼。 D．及时当勉励，岁月不待人。 主题02 人与社会——科普 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·浙江宁波·期末）At the Jinzhong National Agricultural High-Tech Industry Demonstration Zone in Shanxi province, some truly “out-of-this-world” work is going on. Some upland rice seeds (旱稻种子) that experienced “space breeding (育种)” have grown up there. The upland rice seeds were taken to the Tiangong space station by the Shenzhou XVI members in May 2023. There, they experienced space radiation (辐射) and microgravity (微重力), which caused genetic mutations (基因突变). After spending more than 150 days in space, the seeds returned to Earth on Oct 31. Scientists studied the mutations. They found that some of the mutations gave the seeds qualities that farmers prefer, such as higher production, faster growth without illness. “For space breeding, the space environment holds great value, which cannot be copied on Earth,” Professor Dong Qi from Shanxi Agricultural University said. “Traditional breeding usually takes eight to ten years, but space breeding could cut down the time by half,” he added. He explained that these space seeds may look the same on the outside but go through important changes on the inside. Space breeding, however, is not a simple task. Not all seeds mutate in space, so careful choice is the key. With the little space on the spacecraft, only the chosen seeds are sent. After space travel, the seeds still need to be tested for things like production, quality, and market value. In the end, only a few of the seeds pass the test to become true “space seeds”. The high-tech area in Jinzhong has long been working with China’s space program. Located in Shanxi, which has a dry weather. This is the perfect environment for growing and spreading new kinds of upland rice. The journey of Chinese crop seeds into space began in 1987. Since then, over 3,000 space breeding experiments have gone on, resulting in more than 240 main grain (谷物) kinds and over 400 new types of vegetables, fruits, trees, grasses, and flowers. 1．How long did the upland rice seeds stay in space? A．At least one year. B．For only a week. C．Less than two months. D．Around five months. 2．What can we infer from what Professor Dong Qi said? A．The traditional breeding is the same as the space breeding. B．The space breeding might take about four to five years. C．The space seeds look different both outside and inside. D．The environment on earth is better than that in space. 3．How can the seeds become the true “space seeds”? ①The seeds are tested.           ②The seeds are chosen. ③The seeds are sent to the space.      ④ The seeds return from the space. A．①②③④ B．②③④① C．②①④③ D．④①③② 4．What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To introduce the background. B．To lead out a saying. C．To give a conclusion. D．To begin a new topic. Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·浙江金华·期末）①The weather is getting warm. You decide to get a haircut. Some of your hair is cut and cleared away, but your hair’s story doesn’t end there after the haircut. ②Have you ever considered using your old hair after it has been cut? Some farmers actually do this! What grows from it? Not wigs (假发), but larger and more delicious plants. Hair owns a lot of nitrogen (氮), which is good for plant growth. When hair is put into the soil (土壤), it breaks down over time, slowly gives off nitrogen. This can help flowers and vegetables grow a bit quicker. ③If you’re wearing a wool sweater, you’re actually wearing a sheep’s haircut. Sheep have soft, curly fur known as wool. The curls create pockets of air that hold in heat, keeping the sheep warm. Farmers cut off sheep’s wool in summer so they don’t get too hot. We use this hair to make warm clothes, socks, and hats. Wool can even take in rain without feeling wet. Wool also doesn’t catch fire easily. ④What does your hair say about you? Even years after it’s been cut, hair can tell surprising secrets. Since hair is made from old skin parts, it holds traces (微量) of chemicals that are in the body when the hair grows. When people are kept in the situation of harmful chemicals, these traces stay in the hair long after they’ve left the body. Testing hair can help doctors know if there are dangerous chemicals in the food and water. Hair can also tell us whose hair it is, which can help policemen punish people who break laws. ⑤Hair does a lot for us. It keeps us warm and cool, helps farmers, uncovers secrets, and offers endless styling choices. But one thing is certain. Hair isn’t just for wigs anymore. 1．In which part of a magazine can we probably read this passage? A．History. B．Fashion. C．Science. D．Health. 2．How does hair help plants to grow? A．It provides nitrogen. B．It breaks down soil. C．It takes in rainwater. D．It never catches fire. 3．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．Hair helps keep warm. B．Hair testing is important. C．Hair can tell secrets. D．Hair helps solve crimes. 4．How is the passage organized? (P: Paragraph) A．B． C． D． 1．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段提出主题，第二至第四段介绍了头发的不同功能；第五段总结。故文章结构是总分总。故选A。 主题02 人与社会——发明与创造 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·福建福州·期末）In a field in England, three little robots have been given a great job: to find and kill grass before planting seeds in the soil. The robots are named Tom, Dick and Harry. Tom is the first of the three clever robots to start working. He watches the crops carefully and collects the information about each plant. He can create a short introduction to each plant and even make decisions on what chemicals are needed for your crops. Dick does the dirty work. He can go to each plant that is doing bad to the crops and take it out. Plants that are good for the crops are left. He can spray things like chemicals in order to keep plants healthy. Harry is a planter. He digs holes into the field and puts seeds into the ground, and records where he puts them. If a seed doesn’t grow, he can easily travel there and plants a new seed. The smart robots are made by Small Robot. The British company says farmers could reduce costs by 40% and chemical usage by up to 95%. The little robots allow farmers to free their soils from chemicals. Using fewer chemicals is going to save much money and is good for the environment. As well as reducing the use of chemicals, robots will bring us better soil quality and more plants and animals. “We have to change farming now, or else there won’t be anything to farm,” says Small Robot. 2．What can we know about the three robots from Paragraph 1? A．They are huge. B．They work in a field. C．They can plant seeds. D．They come from America. 3．Which may be used by Dick? A． B． C． D． 4．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．The harm that chemicals cause. B．The cost farmers spend on farming. C．A famous company that produces robots. D．The advantages that the farming robots bring. 5．What is the structure for the passage? A．B． C． D． 6．What is the best title for the passage? A．Living a Modern Life B．The Changes on Farming C．Protecting the Plants D．The History of Robots Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·山东烟台·期末）To improve the environment, many countries are developing electric vehicles (EVs电动汽车). Among them, China is taking a leading role and has created the world’s largest EV market according to the Wall Street Journal. Last year, over 40 percent of the 753,000 EVs sold worldwide were sold in China, more than twice as many as the number sold in the US, according to the International Energy Agency. Chinese drivers are already big fans of EVs. Chinese auto companies including BYD and BAIC (北汽集团) rank among the top in the world in EV sales. “Charging an electric car is cheaper than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas,” said Wu Hao, who bought an electric car from BAIC this year. However, there are still some problems. It can be hard to find charging piles (充电桩) and the cars can’t go far before needing to be recharged. Some of these problems are being solved. In 2014, China had 31,000 charging piles, according to Xinhua News Agency. Now China has the world’s largest EV charging network, with more than 167,000 charging piles in total, according to the Economic Daily. Developing EVs is one of many efforts China has made to reduce pressure on its environment after the government promised to stop increases in carbon dioxide emissions (二氧化碳排放量) by 2030. “As China goes, so will the world’s auto industry,” the Wall Street Journal said. China has taken a leading role in the world’s electric vehicle industry. 1．According to the article, what role does China play in the global electric vehicle market? A．The smallest electric vehicle market. B．The largest electric vehicle market. C．The cheapest electric vehicle market. D．The slowest developing electric vehicle market. 2．How many times more electric vehicles were sold in China compared to the US, according to the article? A．Half as many. B．The same amount. C．Twice as many. D．Four times as many. 3．What is one of the benefits of electric cars mentioned by Wu Hao in the article? A．They are faster than fossil fuel cars. B．They are more environmentally friendly. C．Charging them is cheaper than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas. D．They have a longer range (距离范围) than fossil fuel cars. 4．What challenge does the article mention about electric vehicles in China? A．High cost of electric vehicles. B．Difficulty in finding charging piles. C．Public dislike for electric vehicles. D．Excessive (极大的) range of electric vehicles. Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·河南南阳·期末）Nowadays the pollution of the sea is becoming an increasingly serious problem. How can we reduce the pollution in the sea and make the underwater environment better? Scientists in Norway have created an underwater robot, which can help a lot. The robot is 45 kg in weight and uses special cameras to get 3D images (图像). It can discover different kinds of pollution at the bottom of the sea. It will help clean-up teams find the areas where there is rubbish and then they can spend most of their time and money removing (清除) the most harmful materials. The researchers put their work to the test in a bay (海湾) in the city of Bergen. First, the robot swam up and down two meters above the seabed, collecting information. Then a computer turned the information into a map, which showed different rubbish materials in different colors. Thousands of objects were discovered in the bay, including bottles, metals, plastics, etc. “Bergen is a place where different industries come together, and the city is quite old, so there’s a huge amount of rubbish,” said Trygve Olav Fossum, one of the researchers. “We think the rubbish in the bay weighs 150 tons to 300 tons.” It is not always possible to remove everything. Some things are more harmful, so it’s more important to clear them from the sea. “Glass isn’t really polluting the sea,” said Fossum. “So if you know there’s an area with a lot of glass, you don’t need to worry much about that and you can pay more attention to the things that are putting heavy metals into the environment.” The maps will be used to help the clean-up teams locate (定位) the most harmful materials so that they can remove them first. Thanks to the development of the science and technology, the underwater environment can be improved a lot. As well as helping to deal with pollution, the robot can also show where creatures like starfish are on the seabed. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．The topic of the passage is about ________. A．health B．nature C．safety D．science and technology 2．What can the robot do? a. take pictures      b. swim underwater    c. make a map    d. remove rubbish    e. discover pollution A．a b c B．a b e C．b c d D．b c e 3．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．Clean-up teams want to recycle the rubbish. B．The underwater pollution attracts much attention. C．There are much different rubbish in different colors. D．People shouldn’t throw harmful materials into the sea. 4．What’s the writer’s purpose of taking glass for example in Paragraph 4? A．To show it isn’t always possible to remove everything. B．To explain how serious the water pollution is in the bay. C．To tell us the most harmful things should be removed first. D．To call on clean-up teams to pay more attention to removing glass. 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．An underwater robot B．The pollution of the sea C．Development of modern science D．Environmental protection in Norway 主题01 人与社会——科普 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）①As a saying goes, “When one drinks water, one must not forget where it comes from.” However, many teenagers only care more about themselves instead of other things. Gratifyingly, little Ming is an exceptional. The boy who lived in Zhengzhou by the Yellow River, asked his mother a question which was puzzling him “Mum, why isn’t our water dirty? Why does it taste so fresh?” His mother smiled, and told him “That’s because the water in our house comes from the Dan River in the south, by means of the South-to-North Water Diversion (转移) Project.” What is the South-to-North Water Diversion Project? ②As early as 1952, Chairman Mao Zedong pointed out “There is plenty of water in the south of our country, but a shortage of water in the north. If possible, we should borrow some water from the south.” This was the first time the great idea of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project had been mentioned. This project, as its name suggests, simply means ________. How is the water diverted? ③From the plan for the project, you can discover that most of the water will come from the Yangtze River. This is because the Yangtze River is China’s largest river basin, where water resources are constantly stable. You can also discover that the whole project is divided into western, central and eastern routes, to be completed one after the other, starting with the eastern one. And a close look at the plan will show that the Yangtze River’s water is extracted (抽取) by a pumping station, and is sent through a channel over one thousand kilometers to Tianjin and other places nearby. ④China’s great water diversion project has transferred nearly 30 billion cubic meters of water in the past five years. The first part of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project’s central route has directly helped over 120 million people since it went into operation on Dec. 12, 2014, according to the Ministry of Water Resources. 1．The writer’s main purpose in writing the first paragraph is ________. A．to introduce the topic and catch readers’ attention B．to explain the reason for the clean and sweet water clearly C．to tell the readers what the people’s life in Zhengzhou is like D．to show the route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project 2．Which sentence should go on the empty line in Paragraph 2? A．diverting water from the Yangtze River to the Yellow River. B．diverting water from the Yellow River to the Yangtze River. C．diverting water from North China to the southern parts of the country. D．diverting water from South China to the northern parts of the country. 3．According to the passage, the correct order is ________. ①over 120 million people have benefited from the project. ②the great project started with the eastern route. ③on Dec. 12, 2014 the project was put into use. ④Chairman Mao Zedong advised to borrow water from the south. ⑤the situation of water shortage in the north was very serious. A．④⑤②③① B．⑤④②③① C．⑤④①②③ D．④⑤①②③ 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Three routes of the Water Diversion Project B．The South-to-North Water Diversion Project C．Little Ming’s Question and Mum’s Answer D．The report from the Ministry of Water Resources Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·浙江宁波·期末）①Do you often hear birdsong outside the window? How do you feel when you hear it? In fact, it is shown that birdsong can influence people’s life. ②Birdsong sounds especially nice in winter because it reminds people of spring. A study found that listening to birdsong for six minutes can help reduce people’s stress. It’s hard to feel sad when you hear birds singing or talking, as the energy in their songs make people feel like walking in the garden. Unlike music, which can sometimes make you produce strong feelings, birdsong is usually seen as positive or neutral (中性的). If you live in a noisy city, birdsong can be a welcome relief from the stress caused by outside noise. ③Another benefit is that birdsong has also been found to improve focus and concentration. It can help people focus on their tasks and be more productive. That’s because when people play birdsong in the background at work, it seems that a “wall” is built to help them stay away from the unpleasant noise outside. In this way, birdsong can be a powerful tool to improve productivity at work. ④Carrie Torn, a doctor in North Carolina has also found that birdsong makes it easier to help people enter a deep sleep. Birdsong, as a kind of white noise, can slow down people’s heartbeats and breath. After listening to birdsong for a long time, a conditioned response (条件反射) is developed in their brains. Therefore, birdsong becomes a signal of entering sleep, which helps them fall asleep faster than before and improve their sleep quality. ⑤Birdsong, a gift from nature, connects people with calmer, more natural settings and makes people feel happier and healthier. So, next time you hear a bird singing, take a moment to enjoy its beautiful melody and let it bring a little joy to your day! 1．According to Para. 2, birdsong may bring people ________. A．strong feelings B．plenty of stress C．outside noise D．a welcome relief 2．People who ________ might be interested in reading this passage. A．like loud and electronic music B．have problems sleeping C．can focus on tasks easily D．live in the countryside 3．How is the above passage organized? A． B． C． D． 4．We can infer from the passage that the writer is ________ towards birdsong. A．supportive B．doubtful C．neutral D．humorous 主题02 人与社会——青少年问题 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·山东济宁·期末） The China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation (中国扶贫基金会) has started a program to hire and train 100 local women as substitute mothers (替代妈妈) to take care of left-behind children. The three-year program will select 100 villages across Sichuan Province and hire (雇佣) one woman for each village. “It is a model to solve the problem of left-behind children,” said Liu Wenkui, secretary of the foundation. The “substitute mothers” will do parents’ job, finding out what the children need and helping them with problems. Each substitute mother will take care of about 300 to 500 children. There will be a “children’s home” in each village to be the mother’s office and children’s playing space. Their job is to provide quick service and discover the children’s problems. The program hopes to hire women aged 19 to 55 years old from the villages. “We want to hire full-time ‘mothers’ to make sure they won’t think about other work,” Liu said. “We want local women because they understand local languages and cultures.” The program in Sichuan is an experiment, and Liu said, “If it is a successful model, we will start it in the whole country.” “If parents are forced to leave home to earn a living and unable to take their children with them, we are looking for a transitional (过渡的) way to solve the problem,” he added. 1．What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “left-behind” in paragraph 1? A．落后 B．遗弃 C．辍学 D．留守 2．How long will the program last? A．Three months. B．A year. C．Three years. D．Ten years. 3．Who is possible to be a substitute mother? A．A girl at the age of 18. B．A woman with a part-time job. C．A man from the local village. D．A woman who knows local language. 4．Which is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A．A substitute mother plays a role of parents. B．Each substitute mother will take care of about 300 to 500 children. C．Each village will have a “children’s home”. D．The children’s parents will pay for the substitute mother. Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·江西宜春·期末）The youth across the U.S. are struggling with mental health. Now a new study has found that teaching bike-riding skills to middle school students during physical education classes might help improve their mental health. The study was made because of the fact that students are starting to experience all kinds of pressure from school and home. Generally, the key period of encouraging children to enjoy the benefits of bike riding is in the middle school. So, Sean Wilson and his team decided to test whether taking part in a cycling instruction program could result in measurable changes in health and happiness for young people. They invited more than 1, 200 students from middle schools across the country and they were offered a program called Riding for Focus, provided by the nonprofit organization Outride. The invited students were asked to take part in cycling classes for at least three days a week for 6-8 weeks. They learned about cycling safety and skills while having fun and increasing their heart rate through outdoor activities. The researchers gave questionnaires (问卷) to the invited students at the beginning and end of the program to measure their well-being. “From the results of the surveys, we know that physical activities like cycling can benefit not only the body but also the mind and social relationships,” says Esther Walker. The study is encouraging, but it’s not a cure-all. “It’s important to realize that other factors (因素) also play a role in healthy living. For example, students who didn’t limit their screen time to at most two hours a day or who got less than eight and a half hours of sleep saw less improvement in their well-being,” says Sean Wilson. 1．Why did the researchers do the study? A．To give students cycling safety tips. B．To measure students’ health condition. C．To develop students’ interest in cycling. D．To test riding’s effects on kids’ mental health. 2．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The researchers. B．The invited students. C．The cycling classes. D．The middle schools. 3．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．What the research found out. B．How dependable the research was. C．How the new research was carried out. D．Why the new research was carried out. 4．What can we learn about the invited students in the study? A．They hoped to improve their cycling skills. B．They took cycling classes as many as possible. C．They took part in both outdoor and indoor activities. D．They completed questionnaires before and after the program. 5．What does Wilson think of the study? A．It should include more young students. B．It needs to be improved in a new situation. C．It is helpful but can not solve any problem. D．It was a failure but worth being studied more. Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·海南省直辖县级单位·期末）Bullying (欺凌) can happen to anyone. Many children around the world are bullied every year, but there are things that can be done to help. What is bullying? Bullying is when someone makes you feel bad or hurts you again and again. Bullying can happen at school, out of school and online. Bullying includes: ●calling people mean (恶意的) names ●laughing at people ●telling lies about people ●taking someone’s things without permission ●not letting someone play in a group ●hitting people What is cyberbullying (网络欺凌)? Cyberbullying includes: ●sending bad messages online ●sharing photos online without permission ●not letting someone be part of an online group ●spreading lies online What can you do? If someone is not kind to you, tell an adult that you know and like. Don’t share something before you make sure it is true. That will help stop the cyberbullying. Talk to your parents or teacher or an adult if you see bullying or if you are worried about a friend. Say sorry if you are not kind to someone. You can write a message or talk to the person. And always remember: think about how to be kind in the future. For more information, visit our home page at www.kidsworld.com. 1．According to the passage, which one is bullying? A．Taking someone’s things with permission. B．Laughing at people. C．Letting someone play in a group. 2．Cyberbullying is the followings EXCEPT________. A．sending messages online B．spreading lies online C．not letting someone be part of an online group 3．What should you do if you see a bullying? A．Talk to your parents. B．Keep it a secret. C．Talk about it in public. 4．If you want to know more information, what can you do? A．To write a letter. B．To make a phone call. C．To search the Internet. 5．Who does the writer write the passage mainly for? A．Children. B．Parents. C．Teachers. 主题03 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·浙江宁波·期末） “Hello, guys! I’m Du Rui from a group called ‘Youth’ in Dalian. I’ve opened short videos in Shanghai and Tianjin, and now I’m in Hangzhou.” “As we all know, Earth provides us with food and a place to live. It is a common home for all living creatures (生物). Unluckily, with less forest, a warming climate and heavier pollution, what we’ve done has deeply destroyed our home. Earth Day is coming on April 22. It’s a great time for us to thank the planet and take duty to make our home a better place.” “However, protecting Earth should not be something we do for just one day. We should help by taking action every day. For example, I always turn off water taps (水龙头) and lights when I don’t need them. Although it takes me 20 minutes to walk to my workplace, I still do it. When I go to the supermarket, I always take my own shopping bags. I also plant trees with my group mates.” “Although our voices are low and our power is limited (有限的), there is still plenty that we can do to protect our home. I believe that the more efforts we take, the better home we will make!” “Please give me a thumb-up, a flower or follow my WeChat if you agree on it. But if you have some new good ideas about protecting the earth, you can follow our group QR code and tell us, thanks!” 1．Where does Du Rui come from? A．Shanghai. B．Tianjin. C．Dalian. D．Hangzhou. 2．What does the underlined word “destroyed” mean? A．broken B．felt C．developed D．built 3．What can you learn from what Du Rui said in Para.3? A．A man can do no more than he can. B．The harder you work, the luckier you get. C．Don’t put off till tomorrow what you can do today. D．A little effect every day, you’ll make a big difference. 4．What can you do if you have new thoughts about protecting the earth? A． B． C． D． Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·山东泰安·期末） The Chinese white dolphin is a first-class protected animal in the country. There are no more than 5,000 white dolphins in China. They are mainly found in the waters of Fujian and Guangdong provinces, and the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. Twenty years ago, the population of Chinese white dolphins in Qinzhou’s Sanniang Bay in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region was less than 100. With the help of the government, now there are about 300 white dolphins in the area. To protect the living environment of Chinese white dolphins, Qinzhou government made great efforts (努力). In 2005, it decided to move Qinzhou Port westward, keeping it further away from the white dolphins’ living area. In 2009, it gave up a project that would make a lot of money but be bad for the white dolphins. For the government, to protect the white dolphins is to protect Qinzhou. The people on the cost (海岸) also know the importance of protecting the white dolphins. They live in peace with the dolphins. In the past ten years, an increasing (日益增多的) number of tourists from around the world have come to the area to see the white dolphins. The local fishermen take the tourists out to sea to search for them. Because of the increase in tourism (旅游业), more restaurants, shops and hotels appear in Qinzhou. The local people say that the white dolphins have helped improve their lives greatly. 1．How many white dolphins are there in Qinzhou’s Sanniang Bay now? A．About 5000. B．About 100. C．About 300. D．About 2005. 2．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．What the living environment was like in Qinzhou. B．How white dolphins caused change to Qinzhou. C．What Qinzhou government did between 2005 and 2009. D．How Qinzhou government protected white dolphins. 3．What does the underlined word “them” refer to in the last paragraph? A．Restaurants. B．White dolphins. C．Hotels. D．Shops. 4．Which is the best title of the passage? A．Animals in danger. B．Tourism in Qinzhou. C．Creating a better city. D．Protecting white dolphins. Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期末）The Taklamakan Desert, known as the “Sea of Death”, is the biggest desert in China and the second largest moving desert in the world. It covers 337,600 square kilometers and now has a 3,046-kilometer-long sand-blocking belt (防沙带) around it. The belt is the longest in the world and is completed by planting desert poplar trees and red willows in Yutian County. The project of building the sand-blocking belt faces many problems. As we all know, the desert is very large. It covers 76% of Xinjiang’s desert area, and its sand dunes (沙丘) are very tall, some reaching as high as 300 meters. So more time, money, and effort are required. The dry climate add more challenges. There is only 50 millimeters of rain in the desert each year, and over 2,500 millimeters of water are lost through evaporation (蒸发). Because there is not enough water, plants are hard to grow. Another problem is that the Taklamakan Desert is one of the most active areas for sandstorms in China. Even with these problems, finishing this sand-blocking belt is a big success. Experts say it is a great achievement in human history, and people’s hard work pays off. The sand-blocking belt protects oases (areas with water and plants) from sandstorms, improves the local environment, and supports farming. It also shows China’s strong skills in managing large environmental projects. A local farmer said he was happy about the project and hoped it would continue to help fight desertification—the process of becoming a desert. In the coming years, Xinjiang will continue to expand the sand-blocking belt to bring 23, 400 square kilometers of desert land back to life by 2030. 1．How long is the sand-blocking belt around the Taklamakan Desert? A．337,600 km. B．3,046 km. C．300 km. D．2,500 km. 2．Which of the following is NOT a difficulty the project faces? A．The sand dunes in the desert get higher every day. B．The desert is so large that more efforts are needed. C．The desert is not wet enough for growing plants. D．The desert is one of the most active areas for sandstorms. 3．What does the underlined word “expand” mean in Paragraph 4? expand /ɪk spænd/ v. A．To talk more about something. B．To become greater in size, number. C．To have more business to make money. D．To become greater in importance. 4．What’s the purpose in writing this passage? A．To discuss the problems in the Taklamakan Desert. B．To invite people to pay a visit to the Taklamakan Desert. C．To introduce the achievement in fighting desertification. D．To help more people in Xinjiang live much better than before. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自我——哲理感悟 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·江苏盐城·期末）One thing that could help us to recover from tiredness is sleep. And sleeping is the favorite hobby of most people today. Studies show that the way people sleep at night decides the type of personality they have. Robert Phipps, a body language expert, has named four sleeping positions that influence personality. Phipps found that worriers, those who are under stress, are likely to sleep in the fetal position. He found that this is the most common bedtime position, with nearly 58 percent of people sleeping on their side with knees up and head down. The more we curl up, the more comfort we are seeking. The second most common position is the log. People sleep with a straight body, with arms at each side. Nearly 28 percent of people sleep this way and they often feel harder to move their body when they wake up. “The longer you sleep like this, the more rigid your thinking is and you are unwilling to change, which means you make things harder for yourself,” according to Phipps. Yearner sleepers are next on the list. About 25 percent of people sleep in this style — on their side with arms stretched out in front, looking as if they are chasing their dreams or perhaps being chased themselves. “Yearners are always expecting the best results,” explained Phipps. “These people often wake up refreshed and they are willing to face the challenges of the day ahead.” Perhaps the strangest sleeping style is the freefaller position. This sleeping position makes up 17 percent of the population. They sleep face down on the stomach. “These people,” according to Phipps, “feel like they have little control over their life.” Not only is this the strangest sleeping style, but also the least comfortable, and people may wake up feeling tired and have no energy. In conclusion, Phipps has only one more thing to add, “A good sleep sets us up for the following day and our sleeping positions can decide how we feel when we wake up.” 1．According to the text, which picture is the fetal position? A． B． C． D． 2．What does the underlined word “rigid” mean? A．固执的 B．新颖的 C．愚蠢的 D．灵活的 3．What is suggested in the text? A．The fetal sleepers are willing to comfort other people. B．It's easy for the freefaller sleepers to control their life. C．Yearner sleepers prefer to do the best in life and work. D．The log sleepers sleep as if they are chasing something. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the text? (P1=Paragraph 1...) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 【解析】本文主要讲述了四种不同的睡眠姿势一定程度上反映了我们的性格特征。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“He found that this is the most common bedtime position, with nearly 58 percent of people sleeping on their side with knees up and head down.”可知，最像婴儿的姿势是侧睡，膝盖向上，头朝下。故根据图片选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“The longer you sleep like this, the more rigid your thinking is and you are unwilling to change, which means you make things harder for yourself”可知，rigid指的是不愿意改变的，即“固执的”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Yearners are always expecting the best results”可知，向往型睡眠者总是想要在生活和工作上做到最好。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。根据全文可知，第一段提出睡眠方式反映人的性格特点的观点，第二、三、四、五段分别讲述了一种睡眠姿势代表的性格，最后一段再次总结。本文故结构为总分总。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·陕西西安·期末）The field classroom provides students with both a labor (劳动) class and an education class. Students actively take part in the field classroom and they can get the hands-on experience. It not only improves their understanding of crops, but also builds a connection between the knowledge from books and practical experience. In the field, teachers talked about grain with students and answered their questions. The students saw wheat and soybeans (小麦和大豆). They also touched the wheat and learned that people usually harvest (收获) the wheat at the end of September. I wrote down all the advantages of wheat in my notebook,” one student said. He learned that eating wheat is good for people’s health. Other students also learned something new. “I knew about soybeans only from textbooks. This time, I saw real ones and learned how they grow,” said a student. Before this, a girl who grew up in the city thought that farming was something old. But this trip changed her ideas greatly. “I saw really cool farming, machines, and they showed me how farming changes and gets better,” she said. In fact, learning in the filed gives children a chance to take an active part in the harvest and experience the joy of harvest. The children can experience the process in person from the fields to the dining table, from crops to food. The field classroom helps them broaden their horizons, increase their knowledge and get the joy of labor. It also develops students’ correct labor values and good labor habits. 1．How can students know more about crops from the field classroom? A．By asking others questions. B．By going to the farm outside. C．By talking about the crops in class. D．By gaining some knowledge from textbooks. 2．Which of the following words belongs to the underlined word “grain”? A．corn B．toy C．dog D．apple 3．What’s the text mainly about? A．Learning in the field. B．Planting different crops. C．Changing opinions on labor education. D．Introduce some different kinds of crops. 4．Which of the following is the structure of the text? A．①/②/③/④ B．①/②③④ C．①②/③/④ D．①/②③/④ 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种特殊的教学模式——“田间课堂”。这种模式让孩子们亲身体验了从田地到餐桌，从庄稼到食物的过程，开阔了眼界，增长了知识，同时也收获了劳动的乐趣，培养了学生正确的劳动价值观。 1．细节理解题。根据“The field classroom provides students with both a labor (劳动) class and an education class. Students actively take part in the field classroom and they can get the hands-on experience.”可知这表明学生是通过去外面的农场参加田间课堂来更多地了解农作物的。因此，选项B“通过去外面的农场是正确答案。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“In the field, teachers talked about grain with students and answered their questions. 及后面句子“The students saw wheat and soybeans (小麦和大豆).”可知，在田野里，老师和学生讨论有关农作物如小麦和大豆，划线单词与corn意思相近，都属于“谷物”种类。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了田间课堂的学习活动，包括学生通过实地参与收获农作物，体验劳动的乐趣，拓宽视野，增长知识，培养正确的劳动价值观和良好的劳动习惯。因此，文章的主旨是关于田间学习，选项A“在田间学习”最符合题意。其他选项如种植不同作物、改变对劳动教育的看法、介绍不同种类的作物，都只是文章中的部分内容，不是主旨。故选A。 4．篇章结构题。文章的结构可以分为三部分：第一部分是总述田间课堂的意义（①）；第二部分是具体描述学生在田间课堂的活动和学习内容（②③）；第三部分是总结田间课堂对学生的影响和意义（④）。因此，选项D“①/②③/④”正确地反映了文章的结构。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·陕西西安·期末）Time is very important for us, so we all should value time. Today, I read two poems about time that I want to share with you. Here are the two poems: ① To know the value of one week， ask editors (编辑) of weekly newspapers. To know the value of one hour， ask lovers who are waiting to meet. To know the value of one minute， ask the person who missed the train. To know the value of one second， ask the one being saved in an accident. Time waits for no one. Treasure every second you have. Act now， day and night. Make progress more or less. Each day is a new life. ② Enjoy every second in your life. Once you get older， the days go by so fast. Seize time， don’t let it pass you by. Seize time， live as there is no second try. Nothing should stand on your way. Slow down time， get on your way. Time goes by， in a rush of days. Seize time， here and now. 1．Whom can you ask about the value of one second? A．The one who missed the train. B．The one who worked for newspapers. C．The one who was saved in an accident. D．The one who waited for his or her lover. 2．How does the writer start the Poem ②? A．By asking a question. B．By giving an example. C．By giving an opinion. D．By telling a fact. 3．The underlined word “seize” probably means “________”. A．catch B．give C．waste D．protect 4．Which of the following has the same topic as the two above? A．海内存知己，天涯若比邻。 B．孤舟蓑笠翁，独钓寒江雪。 C．欲穷千里目，更上一层楼。 D．及时当勉励，岁月不待人。 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 【解析】本文通过两首诗强调了时间的重要性，并鼓励人们珍惜每一分每一秒。 1．细节理解题。根据“To know the value of one second，ask the one being saved in an accident.”可知，在事故中被救的人知道一秒钟的价值。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“Enjoy every second in your life.”可知，作者先陈述观点，再展开说明时间的重要性。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“don’t let it pass you by.”可知，是要抓住时间，故推出划线部分seize意为“抓住”，与catch同义。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“Time is very important for us, so we all should value time.”可知，本文介绍了时间的重要性，选项D的主题是珍惜时间。故选D。 主题02 人与社会——科普 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·浙江宁波·期末）At the Jinzhong National Agricultural High-Tech Industry Demonstration Zone in Shanxi province, some truly “out-of-this-world” work is going on. Some upland rice seeds (旱稻种子) that experienced “space breeding (育种)” have grown up there. The upland rice seeds were taken to the Tiangong space station by the Shenzhou XVI members in May 2023. There, they experienced space radiation (辐射) and microgravity (微重力), which caused genetic mutations (基因突变). After spending more than 150 days in space, the seeds returned to Earth on Oct 31. Scientists studied the mutations. They found that some of the mutations gave the seeds qualities that farmers prefer, such as higher production, faster growth without illness. “For space breeding, the space environment holds great value, which cannot be copied on Earth,” Professor Dong Qi from Shanxi Agricultural University said. “Traditional breeding usually takes eight to ten years, but space breeding could cut down the time by half,” he added. He explained that these space seeds may look the same on the outside but go through important changes on the inside. Space breeding, however, is not a simple task. Not all seeds mutate in space, so careful choice is the key. With the little space on the spacecraft, only the chosen seeds are sent. After space travel, the seeds still need to be tested for things like production, quality, and market value. In the end, only a few of the seeds pass the test to become true “space seeds”. The high-tech area in Jinzhong has long been working with China’s space program. Located in Shanxi, which has a dry weather. This is the perfect environment for growing and spreading new kinds of upland rice. The journey of Chinese crop seeds into space began in 1987. Since then, over 3,000 space breeding experiments have gone on, resulting in more than 240 main grain (谷物) kinds and over 400 new types of vegetables, fruits, trees, grasses, and flowers. 1．How long did the upland rice seeds stay in space? A．At least one year. B．For only a week. C．Less than two months. D．Around five months. 2．What can we infer from what Professor Dong Qi said? A．The traditional breeding is the same as the space breeding. B．The space breeding might take about four to five years. C．The space seeds look different both outside and inside. D．The environment on earth is better than that in space. 3．How can the seeds become the true “space seeds”? ①The seeds are tested.           ②The seeds are chosen. ③The seeds are sent to the space.      ④ The seeds return from the space. A．①②③④ B．②③④① C．②①④③ D．④①③② 4．What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To introduce the background. B．To lead out a saying. C．To give a conclusion. D．To begin a new topic. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．C 【解析】本文介绍了中国在太空育种领域的最新进展。 1．推理判断题。根据“After spending more than 150 days in space, the seeds returned to Earth on Oct 31.”可知，150天大约是5个月，故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据Professor Dong Qi的话，“Traditional breeding usually takes eight to ten years, but space breeding could cut down the time by half.”可知，传统育种需要8到10年，而太空育种可以将时间缩短一半，因此太空育种可能需要4到5年，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，种子成为真正的“太空种子”需要经过以下步骤：首先被选中（②），然后被送入太空（③），接着从太空返回（④），最后经过测试（①）。因此正确的顺序是②③④①，故选B。 4．推理判断题。最后一段总结了自1987年以来中国在太空育种方面的成就，提供了背景信息和总结，因此其目的是给出结论，故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·浙江金华·期末）①The weather is getting warm. You decide to get a haircut. Some of your hair is cut and cleared away, but your hair’s story doesn’t end there after the haircut. ②Have you ever considered using your old hair after it has been cut? Some farmers actually do this! What grows from it? Not wigs (假发), but larger and more delicious plants. Hair owns a lot of nitrogen (氮), which is good for plant growth. When hair is put into the soil (土壤), it breaks down over time, slowly gives off nitrogen. This can help flowers and vegetables grow a bit quicker. ③If you’re wearing a wool sweater, you’re actually wearing a sheep’s haircut. Sheep have soft, curly fur known as wool. The curls create pockets of air that hold in heat, keeping the sheep warm. Farmers cut off sheep’s wool in summer so they don’t get too hot. We use this hair to make warm clothes, socks, and hats. Wool can even take in rain without feeling wet. Wool also doesn’t catch fire easily. ④What does your hair say about you? Even years after it’s been cut, hair can tell surprising secrets. Since hair is made from old skin parts, it holds traces (微量) of chemicals that are in the body when the hair grows. When people are kept in the situation of harmful chemicals, these traces stay in the hair long after they’ve left the body. Testing hair can help doctors know if there are dangerous chemicals in the food and water. Hair can also tell us whose hair it is, which can help policemen punish people who break laws. ⑤Hair does a lot for us. It keeps us warm and cool, helps farmers, uncovers secrets, and offers endless styling choices. But one thing is certain. Hair isn’t just for wigs anymore. 1．In which part of a magazine can we probably read this passage? A．History. B．Fashion. C．Science. D．Health. 2．How does hair help plants to grow? A．It provides nitrogen. B．It breaks down soil. C．It takes in rainwater. D．It never catches fire. 3．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．Hair helps keep warm. B．Hair testing is important. C．Hair can tell secrets. D．Hair helps solve crimes. 4．How is the passage organized? (P: Paragraph) A．B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了头发的多种用途和价值。 1．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了头发的多种用途和价值，故文章可能出现在杂志的“科学”部分。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Hair owns a lot of nitrogen (氮), which is good for plant growth”可知头发含有大量的氮，有利于植物生长。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。根据“What does your hair say about you? Even years after it’s been cut, hair can tell surprising secrets.”以及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍了头发能告诉我们秘密。故选C。 1．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段提出主题，第二至第四段介绍了头发的不同功能；第五段总结。故文章结构是总分总。故选A。 主题02 人与社会——发明与创造 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·福建福州·期末）In a field in England, three little robots have been given a great job: to find and kill grass before planting seeds in the soil. The robots are named Tom, Dick and Harry. Tom is the first of the three clever robots to start working. He watches the crops carefully and collects the information about each plant. He can create a short introduction to each plant and even make decisions on what chemicals are needed for your crops. Dick does the dirty work. He can go to each plant that is doing bad to the crops and take it out. Plants that are good for the crops are left. He can spray things like chemicals in order to keep plants healthy. Harry is a planter. He digs holes into the field and puts seeds into the ground, and records where he puts them. If a seed doesn’t grow, he can easily travel there and plants a new seed. The smart robots are made by Small Robot. The British company says farmers could reduce costs by 40% and chemical usage by up to 95%. The little robots allow farmers to free their soils from chemicals. Using fewer chemicals is going to save much money and is good for the environment. As well as reducing the use of chemicals, robots will bring us better soil quality and more plants and animals. “We have to change farming now, or else there won’t be anything to farm,” says Small Robot. 2．What can we know about the three robots from Paragraph 1? A．They are huge. B．They work in a field. C．They can plant seeds. D．They come from America. 3．Which may be used by Dick? A． B． C． D． 4．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．The harm that chemicals cause. B．The cost farmers spend on farming. C．A famous company that produces robots. D．The advantages that the farming robots bring. 5．What is the structure for the passage? A．B． C． D． 6．What is the best title for the passage? A．Living a Modern Life B．The Changes on Farming C．Protecting the Plants D．The History of Robots 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍Small Robot公司生产的三款改变农作方式的农业智能机器人，主要是关于它们的不同功能和各自的不同工作任务。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“In a field...three little robots...to find and kill grass...in the soil”可知，这三个机器人在农田工作，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“He can spray things like chemicals in order to keep plants healthy.”可知，Dick要用工具喷洒化学品，故选A。 3．主旨大意题。根据“The smart robots are made by Small Robot. The British company says farmers could reduce costs by 40% and chemical usage by up to 95%.”及后文的具体解释，可知本段主要讲的是农业机器人带来的好处。故选D。 4．篇章结构题。第一段和第六段是开头结尾，中间第二、三、四段各介绍一款机器人，这三段是并列关系，第五段是关于这三款机器人带来的好处。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。本文是关于三款改变农作方式的农业智能机器人，主要介绍它们具体的工作方式、任务及优势，标题应该是与农业机器人在当下农业的应用及改变有关，与B选项主题符合。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·山东烟台·期末）To improve the environment, many countries are developing electric vehicles (EVs电动汽车). Among them, China is taking a leading role and has created the world’s largest EV market according to the Wall Street Journal. Last year, over 40 percent of the 753,000 EVs sold worldwide were sold in China, more than twice as many as the number sold in the US, according to the International Energy Agency. Chinese drivers are already big fans of EVs. Chinese auto companies including BYD and BAIC (北汽集团) rank among the top in the world in EV sales. “Charging an electric car is cheaper than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas,” said Wu Hao, who bought an electric car from BAIC this year. However, there are still some problems. It can be hard to find charging piles (充电桩) and the cars can’t go far before needing to be recharged. Some of these problems are being solved. In 2014, China had 31,000 charging piles, according to Xinhua News Agency. Now China has the world’s largest EV charging network, with more than 167,000 charging piles in total, according to the Economic Daily. Developing EVs is one of many efforts China has made to reduce pressure on its environment after the government promised to stop increases in carbon dioxide emissions (二氧化碳排放量) by 2030. “As China goes, so will the world’s auto industry,” the Wall Street Journal said. China has taken a leading role in the world’s electric vehicle industry. 1．According to the article, what role does China play in the global electric vehicle market? A．The smallest electric vehicle market. B．The largest electric vehicle market. C．The cheapest electric vehicle market. D．The slowest developing electric vehicle market. 2．How many times more electric vehicles were sold in China compared to the US, according to the article? A．Half as many. B．The same amount. C．Twice as many. D．Four times as many. 3．What is one of the benefits of electric cars mentioned by Wu Hao in the article? A．They are faster than fossil fuel cars. B．They are more environmentally friendly. C．Charging them is cheaper than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas. D．They have a longer range (距离范围) than fossil fuel cars. 4．What challenge does the article mention about electric vehicles in China? A．High cost of electric vehicles. B．Difficulty in finding charging piles. C．Public dislike for electric vehicles. D．Excessive (极大的) range of electric vehicles. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 【解析】本文介绍了中国在电动汽车领域的领先地位，还提到了电动汽车的优势、面临的挑战以及中国为解决这些问题所做的努力，强调中国在全球电动汽车产业中发挥着引领作用。 1．细节理解题。根据“China is taking a leading role and has created the world’s largest EV market according to the Wall Street Journal.”可知，中国是全球最大的电动汽车市场。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Last year, over 40 percent of the 753,000 EVs sold worldwide were sold in China, more than twice as many as the number sold in the US”可知，中国的电动汽车销量是美国的两倍多。故C。 3．细节理解题。根据“‘Charging an electric car is cheaper than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas,’ said Wu Hao”可知，吴浩提到的优势是电动汽车充电比燃油车加油便宜。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“However, there are still some problems. It can be hard to find charging piles and the cars can’t go far before needing to be recharged.”可知，面临的挑战包括难以找到充电桩。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·河南南阳·期末）Nowadays the pollution of the sea is becoming an increasingly serious problem. How can we reduce the pollution in the sea and make the underwater environment better? Scientists in Norway have created an underwater robot, which can help a lot. The robot is 45 kg in weight and uses special cameras to get 3D images (图像). It can discover different kinds of pollution at the bottom of the sea. It will help clean-up teams find the areas where there is rubbish and then they can spend most of their time and money removing (清除) the most harmful materials. The researchers put their work to the test in a bay (海湾) in the city of Bergen. First, the robot swam up and down two meters above the seabed, collecting information. Then a computer turned the information into a map, which showed different rubbish materials in different colors. Thousands of objects were discovered in the bay, including bottles, metals, plastics, etc. “Bergen is a place where different industries come together, and the city is quite old, so there’s a huge amount of rubbish,” said Trygve Olav Fossum, one of the researchers. “We think the rubbish in the bay weighs 150 tons to 300 tons.” It is not always possible to remove everything. Some things are more harmful, so it’s more important to clear them from the sea. “Glass isn’t really polluting the sea,” said Fossum. “So if you know there’s an area with a lot of glass, you don’t need to worry much about that and you can pay more attention to the things that are putting heavy metals into the environment.” The maps will be used to help the clean-up teams locate (定位) the most harmful materials so that they can remove them first. Thanks to the development of the science and technology, the underwater environment can be improved a lot. As well as helping to deal with pollution, the robot can also show where creatures like starfish are on the seabed. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．The topic of the passage is about ________. A．health B．nature C．safety D．science and technology 2．What can the robot do? a. take pictures      b. swim underwater    c. make a map    d. remove rubbish    e. discover pollution A．a b c B．a b e C．b c d D．b c e 3．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．Clean-up teams want to recycle the rubbish. B．The underwater pollution attracts much attention. C．There are much different rubbish in different colors. D．People shouldn’t throw harmful materials into the sea. 4．What’s the writer’s purpose of taking glass for example in Paragraph 4? A．To show it isn’t always possible to remove everything. B．To explain how serious the water pollution is in the bay. C．To tell us the most harmful things should be removed first. D．To call on clean-up teams to pay more attention to removing glass. 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．An underwater robot B．The pollution of the sea C．Development of modern science D．Environmental protection in Norway 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了挪威科学家发明的一种水下机器人，这种机器人能探测海底垃圾并帮助清理污染。 1．主旨大意题。根据文章首段的“Scientists in Norway have created an underwater robot, which can help a lot.”和最后一段的“Thanks to the development of the science and technology, the underwater environment can be improved a lot. ”以及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种能够帮助减少海洋污染的水下机器人，即科技对海洋环境的帮助，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The robot is 45 kg in weight and uses special cameras to get 3D images (图像). It can discover different kinds of pollution at the bottom of the sea.”以及“First, the robot swam up and down two meters above the seabed, collecting information”可知，这款机器人能拍照、游泳以及发现污染。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Then a computer turned the information into a map, which showed different rubbish materials in different colors. Thousands of objects were discovered in the bay”可知，电脑将机器人收集的信息转换成一张地图，地图上用不同的颜色显示不同的垃圾，机器人在海湾里发现了很多垃圾。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“‘Glass isn’t really polluting the sea,’ said Fossum. ‘So if you know there’s an area with a lot of glass, you don’t need to worry much about that and you can pay more attention to the things that are putting heavy metals into the environment.’” 可知，玻璃并没有真正污染海洋，如果你知道有一个区域有很多玻璃，你不需要太担心，你要更多地关注那些向环境中释放重金属的东西，即作者谈论玻璃，目的是告诉人们要首先处理最有害的垃圾。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。根据“As well as helping to deal with pollution, the robot can also show where creatures like starfish are on the seabed.”以及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一款帮助减少海洋污染的水下机器人，A项“水下机器人”符合最佳标题。故选A。 主题01 人与社会——科普 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）①As a saying goes, “When one drinks water, one must not forget where it comes from.” However, many teenagers only care more about themselves instead of other things. Gratifyingly, little Ming is an exceptional. The boy who lived in Zhengzhou by the Yellow River, asked his mother a question which was puzzling him “Mum, why isn’t our water dirty? Why does it taste so fresh?” His mother smiled, and told him “That’s because the water in our house comes from the Dan River in the south, by means of the South-to-North Water Diversion (转移) Project.” What is the South-to-North Water Diversion Project? ②As early as 1952, Chairman Mao Zedong pointed out “There is plenty of water in the south of our country, but a shortage of water in the north. If possible, we should borrow some water from the south.” This was the first time the great idea of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project had been mentioned. This project, as its name suggests, simply means ________. How is the water diverted? ③From the plan for the project, you can discover that most of the water will come from the Yangtze River. This is because the Yangtze River is China’s largest river basin, where water resources are constantly stable. You can also discover that the whole project is divided into western, central and eastern routes, to be completed one after the other, starting with the eastern one. And a close look at the plan will show that the Yangtze River’s water is extracted (抽取) by a pumping station, and is sent through a channel over one thousand kilometers to Tianjin and other places nearby. ④China’s great water diversion project has transferred nearly 30 billion cubic meters of water in the past five years. The first part of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project’s central route has directly helped over 120 million people since it went into operation on Dec. 12, 2014, according to the Ministry of Water Resources. 1．The writer’s main purpose in writing the first paragraph is ________. A．to introduce the topic and catch readers’ attention B．to explain the reason for the clean and sweet water clearly C．to tell the readers what the people’s life in Zhengzhou is like D．to show the route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project 2．Which sentence should go on the empty line in Paragraph 2? A．diverting water from the Yangtze River to the Yellow River. B．diverting water from the Yellow River to the Yangtze River. C．diverting water from North China to the southern parts of the country. D．diverting water from South China to the northern parts of the country. 3．According to the passage, the correct order is ________. ①over 120 million people have benefited from the project. ②the great project started with the eastern route. ③on Dec. 12, 2014 the project was put into use. ④Chairman Mao Zedong advised to borrow water from the south. ⑤the situation of water shortage in the north was very serious. A．④⑤②③① B．⑤④②③① C．⑤④①②③ D．④⑤①②③ 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Three routes of the Water Diversion Project B．The South-to-North Water Diversion Project C．Little Ming’s Question and Mum’s Answer D．The report from the Ministry of Water Resources 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．B 【解析】本文介绍了南水北调工程及其实施情况。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“…Mum, why isn’t our water dirty? Why does it taste so fresh…”可知，通过小明的问题和妈妈的回答将话题引到南水北调工程，所以第一段的目的是在介绍主题，吸引读者的注意。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“‘If possible, we should borrow some water from the south. ’ This was the first time the great idea of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project had been mentioned.”可知毛主席提出了向南方借点水的建议及南水北调工程的伟大构想，故选项D“从南方调水到北方”符合语境。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段“but a shortage of water in the north. If possible, we should borrow some water from the south”可知北方缺水的情况非常严重，毛主席建议向南方借水；根据第三段“starting with the eastern one.”可知伟大的工程始于东线；根据第四段“The first part of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project’s central route has directly helped over 120 million people since it went into operation on Dec. 12, 2014, according to the Ministry of Water Resources.”可知2014年12月12日，该项目投入使用，超过1.2亿人从该项目中受益；正确顺序是⑤④②③①。 故选B。 4．最佳标题题。本文介绍了南水北调工程及其实施情况，以选项B “南水北调工程”为标题最合适。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·浙江宁波·期末）①Do you often hear birdsong outside the window? How do you feel when you hear it? In fact, it is shown that birdsong can influence people’s life. ②Birdsong sounds especially nice in winter because it reminds people of spring. A study found that listening to birdsong for six minutes can help reduce people’s stress. It’s hard to feel sad when you hear birds singing or talking, as the energy in their songs make people feel like walking in the garden. Unlike music, which can sometimes make you produce strong feelings, birdsong is usually seen as positive or neutral (中性的). If you live in a noisy city, birdsong can be a welcome relief from the stress caused by outside noise. ③Another benefit is that birdsong has also been found to improve focus and concentration. It can help people focus on their tasks and be more productive. That’s because when people play birdsong in the background at work, it seems that a “wall” is built to help them stay away from the unpleasant noise outside. In this way, birdsong can be a powerful tool to improve productivity at work. ④Carrie Torn, a doctor in North Carolina has also found that birdsong makes it easier to help people enter a deep sleep. Birdsong, as a kind of white noise, can slow down people’s heartbeats and breath. After listening to birdsong for a long time, a conditioned response (条件反射) is developed in their brains. Therefore, birdsong becomes a signal of entering sleep, which helps them fall asleep faster than before and improve their sleep quality. ⑤Birdsong, a gift from nature, connects people with calmer, more natural settings and makes people feel happier and healthier. So, next time you hear a bird singing, take a moment to enjoy its beautiful melody and let it bring a little joy to your day! 1．According to Para. 2, birdsong may bring people ________. A．strong feelings B．plenty of stress C．outside noise D．a welcome relief 2．People who ________ might be interested in reading this passage. A．like loud and electronic music B．have problems sleeping C．can focus on tasks easily D．live in the countryside 3．How is the above passage organized? A． B． C． D． 4．We can infer from the passage that the writer is ________ towards birdsong. A．supportive B．doubtful C．neutral D．humorous 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【解析】本文主要讲述了鸟鸣声对人们的好处。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“If you live in a noisy city, birdsong can be a welcome relief from the stress caused by outside noise.”可知，如果你住在一个嘈杂的城市，鸟鸣可以缓解外界噪音带来的压力。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“Carrie Torn, a doctor in North Carolina has also found that birdsong makes it easier to help people enter a deep sleep.”可知，鸟鸣可以帮助人们更容易地进入深度睡眠，有睡眠问题的人可能对阅读这篇文章感兴趣。故选B。 3．篇章结构题。本文第一段引出文章主题：鸟鸣对人们生活的影响。第二段至第四段分别讲述了鸟鸣与季节变化、提高专注力以及睡眠之间的关系。第五段通过总结，强调鸟鸣是大自然的礼物，能够让人感到更加宁静、愉悦和健康。选项C的结构图符合题意。故选C。 4．观点态度题。根据最后一段“So, next time you hear a bird singing, take a moment to enjoy its beautiful melody and let it bring a little joy to your day!”可知，作者鼓励读者在听到鸟鸣时，停下来享受它带来的美好旋律，给自己带来一天的快乐。因此，作者对于鸟鸣持支持的态度。故选A。 主题02 人与社会——青少年问题 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·山东济宁·期末） The China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation (中国扶贫基金会) has started a program to hire and train 100 local women as substitute mothers (替代妈妈) to take care of left-behind children. The three-year program will select 100 villages across Sichuan Province and hire (雇佣) one woman for each village. “It is a model to solve the problem of left-behind children,” said Liu Wenkui, secretary of the foundation. The “substitute mothers” will do parents’ job, finding out what the children need and helping them with problems. Each substitute mother will take care of about 300 to 500 children. There will be a “children’s home” in each village to be the mother’s office and children’s playing space. Their job is to provide quick service and discover the children’s problems. The program hopes to hire women aged 19 to 55 years old from the villages. “We want to hire full-time ‘mothers’ to make sure they won’t think about other work,” Liu said. “We want local women because they understand local languages and cultures.” The program in Sichuan is an experiment, and Liu said, “If it is a successful model, we will start it in the whole country.” “If parents are forced to leave home to earn a living and unable to take their children with them, we are looking for a transitional (过渡的) way to solve the problem,” he added. 1．What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “left-behind” in paragraph 1? A．落后 B．遗弃 C．辍学 D．留守 2．How long will the program last? A．Three months. B．A year. C．Three years. D．Ten years. 3．Who is possible to be a substitute mother? A．A girl at the age of 18. B．A woman with a part-time job. C．A man from the local village. D．A woman who knows local language. 4．Which is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A．A substitute mother plays a role of parents. B．Each substitute mother will take care of about 300 to 500 children. C．Each village will have a “children’s home”. D．The children’s parents will pay for the substitute mother. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．D 【解析】本文讲述了中国扶贫基金会启动了一项名为“替代妈妈”的计划，旨在解决留守儿童问题。 1．词句猜测题。根据“train 100 local women as substitute mothers (替代妈妈) to take care of left-behind children.”以及“If parents are forced to leave home to earn a living and unable to take their children with them, we are looking for a transitional (过渡的) way to solve the problem”可知“left-behind children”指的是那些父母外出打工而被留在家乡的孩子，即“留守儿童”，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The three-year program will select…”可知这个项目将持续三年，故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“The program hopes to hire women aged 19 to 55 years old from the villages.”以及“We want local women because they understand local languages and cultures.”可知项目希望雇佣19到55岁之间的当地女性，因为她们懂得当地的语言和文化，因此“ 一位懂当地语言的女性”符合，故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“The ‘substitute mothers’ will do parents’ job,”、“Each substitute mother will take care of about 300 to 500 children.”、“There will be a ‘children’s home’ in each village”可知文章中并没有提到孩子的父母将支付替代妈妈的费用，故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·江西宜春·期末）The youth across the U.S. are struggling with mental health. Now a new study has found that teaching bike-riding skills to middle school students during physical education classes might help improve their mental health. The study was made because of the fact that students are starting to experience all kinds of pressure from school and home. Generally, the key period of encouraging children to enjoy the benefits of bike riding is in the middle school. So, Sean Wilson and his team decided to test whether taking part in a cycling instruction program could result in measurable changes in health and happiness for young people. They invited more than 1, 200 students from middle schools across the country and they were offered a program called Riding for Focus, provided by the nonprofit organization Outride. The invited students were asked to take part in cycling classes for at least three days a week for 6-8 weeks. They learned about cycling safety and skills while having fun and increasing their heart rate through outdoor activities. The researchers gave questionnaires (问卷) to the invited students at the beginning and end of the program to measure their well-being. “From the results of the surveys, we know that physical activities like cycling can benefit not only the body but also the mind and social relationships,” says Esther Walker. The study is encouraging, but it’s not a cure-all. “It’s important to realize that other factors (因素) also play a role in healthy living. For example, students who didn’t limit their screen time to at most two hours a day or who got less than eight and a half hours of sleep saw less improvement in their well-being,” says Sean Wilson. 1．Why did the researchers do the study? A．To give students cycling safety tips. B．To measure students’ health condition. C．To develop students’ interest in cycling. D．To test riding’s effects on kids’ mental health. 2．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The researchers. B．The invited students. C．The cycling classes. D．The middle schools. 3．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．What the research found out. B．How dependable the research was. C．How the new research was carried out. D．Why the new research was carried out. 4．What can we learn about the invited students in the study? A．They hoped to improve their cycling skills. B．They took cycling classes as many as possible. C．They took part in both outdoor and indoor activities. D．They completed questionnaires before and after the program. 5．What does Wilson think of the study? A．It should include more young students. B．It needs to be improved in a new situation. C．It is helpful but can not solve any problem. D．It was a failure but worth being studied more. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．B 【解析】本文是说明文。文章详细地介绍了一项关于骑行对中学生心理健康影响的研究，包括研究的背景、对象、方法、过程和结果等。 1．细节理解题。根据文章中第二段“Sean Wilson and his team decided to test whether taking part in a cycling instruction program could result in measurable changes in health and happiness for young people.”可知，这项研究是为了测试骑自行车对孩子心理健康的影响。故选D。 2． 词句猜测题。根据上文“They invited more than 1, 200 students from middle schools across the country and they were offered a program”以及下文“The invited students were asked to take part in cycling classes for at least three days a week for 6-8 weeks.”可知，“they”指代的是“被邀请的学生”。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。根据“They invited more than 1, 200 students...The invited students were asked to take part in cycling classes for at least three days a week for 6-8 weeks...The researchers gave questionnaires (问卷) to the invited students”可知，本段主要介绍了研究是如何进行的。故选C。 4． 细节理解题。根据第三段“The researchers gave questionnaires to the invited students at the beginning and end of the program to measure their well-being.”可知，受邀的学生在项目开始和结束时完成了问卷调查。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The study is encouraging, but it’s not a cure-all”和“other factors (因素) also play a role in healthy living.”可知，Wilson认为这项研究令人鼓舞，但并不是万能的，它需要在新的情况下进行改进。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·海南省直辖县级单位·期末）Bullying (欺凌) can happen to anyone. Many children around the world are bullied every year, but there are things that can be done to help. What is bullying? Bullying is when someone makes you feel bad or hurts you again and again. Bullying can happen at school, out of school and online. Bullying includes: ●calling people mean (恶意的) names ●laughing at people ●telling lies about people ●taking someone’s things without permission ●not letting someone play in a group ●hitting people What is cyberbullying (网络欺凌)? Cyberbullying includes: ●sending bad messages online ●sharing photos online without permission ●not letting someone be part of an online group ●spreading lies online What can you do? If someone is not kind to you, tell an adult that you know and like. Don’t share something before you make sure it is true. That will help stop the cyberbullying. Talk to your parents or teacher or an adult if you see bullying or if you are worried about a friend. Say sorry if you are not kind to someone. You can write a message or talk to the person. And always remember: think about how to be kind in the future. For more information, visit our home page at www.kidsworld.com. 1．According to the passage, which one is bullying? A．Taking someone’s things with permission. B．Laughing at people. C．Letting someone play in a group. 2．Cyberbullying is the followings EXCEPT________. A．sending messages online B．spreading lies online C．not letting someone be part of an online group 3．What should you do if you see a bullying? A．Talk to your parents. B．Keep it a secret. C．Talk about it in public. 4．If you want to know more information, what can you do? A．To write a letter. B．To make a phone call. C．To search the Internet. 5．Who does the writer write the passage mainly for? A．Children. B．Parents. C．Teachers. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了现实生活中的欺凌和网络暴力，以及如何应对和避免这类现象。 1．细节理解题。根据“Bullying includes:...”和“laughing at people”可知，嘲笑别人是欺凌。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Cyberbullying includes:...”和“sending bad messages online”和“spreading lies online”以及“not letting someone be part of an online group”可知，在线发送信息不算网络暴力。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Talk to your parents or teacher or an adult if you see bullying or if you are worried about a friend.”可知，如果你看到欺凌行为，你应该告诉你的父母。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“For more information, visit our home page at www.kidsworld.com.”可知，如果你想知道更多的信息，你可以在互联网上搜索。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“Talk to your parents or teacher or an adult if you see bullying or if you are worried about a friend.”可知，孩子们如果看到欺凌，应该和父母、老师或成年人谈谈。所以这篇文章是给孩子写的。故选A。 主题03 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·浙江宁波·期末） “Hello, guys! I’m Du Rui from a group called ‘Youth’ in Dalian. I’ve opened short videos in Shanghai and Tianjin, and now I’m in Hangzhou.” “As we all know, Earth provides us with food and a place to live. It is a common home for all living creatures (生物). Unluckily, with less forest, a warming climate and heavier pollution, what we’ve done has deeply destroyed our home. Earth Day is coming on April 22. It’s a great time for us to thank the planet and take duty to make our home a better place.” “However, protecting Earth should not be something we do for just one day. We should help by taking action every day. For example, I always turn off water taps (水龙头) and lights when I don’t need them. Although it takes me 20 minutes to walk to my workplace, I still do it. When I go to the supermarket, I always take my own shopping bags. I also plant trees with my group mates.” “Although our voices are low and our power is limited (有限的), there is still plenty that we can do to protect our home. I believe that the more efforts we take, the better home we will make!” “Please give me a thumb-up, a flower or follow my WeChat if you agree on it. But if you have some new good ideas about protecting the earth, you can follow our group QR code and tell us, thanks!” 1．Where does Du Rui come from? A．Shanghai. B．Tianjin. C．Dalian. D．Hangzhou. 2．What does the underlined word “destroyed” mean? A．broken B．felt C．developed D．built 3．What can you learn from what Du Rui said in Para.3? A．A man can do no more than he can. B．The harder you work, the luckier you get. C．Don’t put off till tomorrow what you can do today. D．A little effect every day, you’ll make a big difference. 4．What can you do if you have new thoughts about protecting the earth? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 【解析】本文讲述了一个人对大家保护环境的呼吁。 1．细节理解题。根据“I’m Du Rui from a group called ‘Youth’ in Dalian”可知，他来自大连。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Unluckily, with less forest, a warming climate and heavier pollution”可知，森林减少、气候变暖和污染加剧都是坏事情，而这些事情会毁坏我们的家园，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“However, protecting Earth should not be something we do for just one day. We should help by taking action every day.”可知，每天一点点的改变，你就会产生很大的影响。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“But if you have some new good ideas about protecting the earth, you can follow our group QR code and tell us, thanks”可知，如果有保护环境的新想法，可以扫二维码，故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25九年级上·山东泰安·期末） The Chinese white dolphin is a first-class protected animal in the country. There are no more than 5,000 white dolphins in China. They are mainly found in the waters of Fujian and Guangdong provinces, and the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. Twenty years ago, the population of Chinese white dolphins in Qinzhou’s Sanniang Bay in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region was less than 100. With the help of the government, now there are about 300 white dolphins in the area. To protect the living environment of Chinese white dolphins, Qinzhou government made great efforts (努力). In 2005, it decided to move Qinzhou Port westward, keeping it further away from the white dolphins’ living area. In 2009, it gave up a project that would make a lot of money but be bad for the white dolphins. For the government, to protect the white dolphins is to protect Qinzhou. The people on the cost (海岸) also know the importance of protecting the white dolphins. They live in peace with the dolphins. In the past ten years, an increasing (日益增多的) number of tourists from around the world have come to the area to see the white dolphins. The local fishermen take the tourists out to sea to search for them. Because of the increase in tourism (旅游业), more restaurants, shops and hotels appear in Qinzhou. The local people say that the white dolphins have helped improve their lives greatly. 1．How many white dolphins are there in Qinzhou’s Sanniang Bay now? A．About 5000. B．About 100. C．About 300. D．About 2005. 2．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．What the living environment was like in Qinzhou. B．How white dolphins caused change to Qinzhou. C．What Qinzhou government did between 2005 and 2009. D．How Qinzhou government protected white dolphins. 3．What does the underlined word “them” refer to in the last paragraph? A．Restaurants. B．White dolphins. C．Hotels. D．Shops. 4．Which is the best title of the passage? A．Animals in danger. B．Tourism in Qinzhou. C．Creating a better city. D．Protecting white dolphins. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国白海豚和广西钦州三娘湾在政府及民众的努力下对白海豚的保护情况。 1．细节理解题。根据“With the help of the government, now there are about 300 white dolphins in the area.”可知，现在钦州三娘湾大约有300只白海豚。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。根据“To protect the living environment of Chinese white dolphins, Qinzhou government made great efforts (努力).”和“In 2005 ... In 2009 ...”可知，该段主要讲述2005年至2009年间钦州政府在保护白海豚方面所做的努力。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“In the past ten years, an increasing (日益增多的) number of tourists from around the world come to see the white dolphins. The local fishermen take the tourists out to sea to search for them.”可知，当地渔民带游客出海是为了寻找白海豚，them指代白海豚。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕中国白海豚的保护展开，介绍了其生存现状、政府和民众的保护举措以及带来的影响等，选项D“保护白海豚”为最佳标题。故选D。 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期末）The Taklamakan Desert, known as the “Sea of Death”, is the biggest desert in China and the second largest moving desert in the world. It covers 337,600 square kilometers and now has a 3,046-kilometer-long sand-blocking belt (防沙带) around it. The belt is the longest in the world and is completed by planting desert poplar trees and red willows in Yutian County. The project of building the sand-blocking belt faces many problems. As we all know, the desert is very large. It covers 76% of Xinjiang’s desert area, and its sand dunes (沙丘) are very tall, some reaching as high as 300 meters. So more time, money, and effort are required. The dry climate add more challenges. There is only 50 millimeters of rain in the desert each year, and over 2,500 millimeters of water are lost through evaporation (蒸发). Because there is not enough water, plants are hard to grow. Another problem is that the Taklamakan Desert is one of the most active areas for sandstorms in China. Even with these problems, finishing this sand-blocking belt is a big success. Experts say it is a great achievement in human history, and people’s hard work pays off. The sand-blocking belt protects oases (areas with water and plants) from sandstorms, improves the local environment, and supports farming. It also shows China’s strong skills in managing large environmental projects. A local farmer said he was happy about the project and hoped it would continue to help fight desertification—the process of becoming a desert. In the coming years, Xinjiang will continue to expand the sand-blocking belt to bring 23, 400 square kilometers of desert land back to life by 2030. 1．How long is the sand-blocking belt around the Taklamakan Desert? A．337,600 km. B．3,046 km. C．300 km. D．2,500 km. 2．Which of the following is NOT a difficulty the project faces? A．The sand dunes in the desert get higher every day. B．The desert is so large that more efforts are needed. C．The desert is not wet enough for growing plants. D．The desert is one of the most active areas for sandstorms. 3．What does the underlined word “expand” mean in Paragraph 4? expand /ɪk spænd/ v. A．To talk more about something. B．To become greater in size, number. C．To have more business to make money. D．To become greater in importance. 4．What’s the purpose in writing this passage? A．To discuss the problems in the Taklamakan Desert. B．To invite people to pay a visit to the Taklamakan Desert. C．To introduce the achievement in fighting desertification. D．To help more people in Xinjiang live much better than before. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，文章详细介绍了塔克拉玛干沙漠的基本情况，阐述了其建设防沙带面临的诸多问题，最后还提到了防沙带建成后的意义和未来继续扩大防沙带的计划。 1．细节理解题。根据“It covers 337,600 square kilometers and now has a 3,046-kilometer-long sand-blocking belt (防沙带) around it.”可知，塔克拉玛干沙漠有一条长3,046公里的防沙带环绕其周围。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“So more time, money, and effort are required…there is not enough water…the Taklamakan Desert is one of the most active areas for sandstorms in China”可知，建设防沙带的项目面临着许多问题，需要更多的时间、金钱和努力，由于缺水，植物很难生长，塔克拉玛干沙漠是中国沙尘暴最活跃的地区之一，A选项没有提及。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“XinJiang will continue to expand the sand-blocking belt to bring 23.400 square kilometers of desert land back to life by 2030.”可知，新疆的目标是到2030年将23,400平方公里的沙漠土地恢复生机，故“expand”指增加，扩大面积。故选B。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章先是介绍了塔克拉玛干沙漠的相关情况以及其防沙带的情况，接着阐述了建设防沙带面临的问题，然后说明了建成防沙带的意义，最后提到新疆将继续扩大防沙带的计划。整体来看，文章主要是在介绍塔克拉玛干沙漠防沙带建设这一防治荒漠化方面的成就相关情况，所以写作目的是介绍防治荒漠化方面取得的成就。故选C。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $