期末考试阅读专项训练-八年级上册新英语单元话题时文话题阅读理解(人教版)

新英语时文话题阅读理解 八年级 期末考试阅读专项训练89 ””””■””■■■■■■■■■口 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■司 完形填空 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 第一部分完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 主题：人与社会·成语故事“郑人买履”体裁：记叙文字数：258难度：★★★☆建议用时：6mins n the ancient State of Zheng there lived a man who wanted to buy a pair of new shoes.Before leaving home,he measured (his foot for 1."This will be perfect,"he said to himself and went out. After arriving at the town,he went into a shoe shop.With pride,he said to the shopkeeper(店主)，“I require(需要)a pair of shoes2 this measurement(尺寸)！”But as he put his hand into his pocket(),his smile 3.He had left the measurement at home!So he turned 4 and started for home.The shopkeeper tried to stop him,5 failed.Hours later,he returned with the measurement-only to find the shop 6.The shopkeeper had locked up for the day and went back home.As a result,he busied himself for 7 People who saw this laughed.Someone asked,"Were you 郑 buying shoes for 8 or for others?"He answered,"For myself.""Then don't you have your feet on yourself?You only need to 买 9 shoes with your feet to get the right size.Why did you go back 履 home to get the measurement?"The man of Zheng said,"I would rather(宁愿)trust the measurement than my own feet.”His speech was cut short by laughter ()He forgot that 10 served people,not the other way around.His story soon spread throughout the country. )1.A.weight B.money C.size D.value )2.A.improving B.deciding C.bringing D.matching )3.A.avoided B.supported C.disappeared D.appeared )4.A.up B.on C.round D.into )5.A.but B.so C.however D.because ( )6.A.open B.crowded C.popular D.closed )7.A.nothing B.anything C.something D.everything )8.A.himself B.myself C.yourself D.oneself )9.A.try out B.give up C.try on D.give out )10.A.rules B.tools C.words D.mistakes 设 以中国古代“郑人买履”的寓言故事为文本载体，将传统文化与英语完形填 空题结合，让学生在语言学习中接触经典文化，实现跨文化知识融合。 点 价值体现：锻炼学生在语境中辨析词汇、理解语义和语法运用的能力，提 升英语语言知识掌握水平。 词汇运用：运用八年级核心单词，考查动词、形容词、名词及反身代词等词 义辨析及用法。 90新英语时文话题阅读理解 八年级上 期末考试阅读专项训练 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 阅读理解 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 面■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ ■■■■■■■■■■面■■■■■■■■ 第二部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 第一节阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A主题：人与社会·儿童首诊牙医：何时去？体裁：应用文字数：l40难度：★★★☆建议用时：5mins How often should children see the dentist? First dental visit? Professional tip(专家贴士) 56% 44% Children should visit a dentist when the first tooth appears,or by age one. Popular ideas:More than half (56%) of the parents think a child's first trip to the dentist should happen after age two. How often? Professional tip: 36% Children should get a check-up every 64% six months. Popular ideas:64%of the parents think children (ages 3-12)should visit the dentist once a year at most. To keep a healthy mouth,children should... Brush the teeth twice a day,after breakfast and before bed. Spend at least 3 minutes brushing the teeth each time. *Have a new toothbrush every three months. *Wait 30 minutes to an hour after eating to brush the teeth. )11. of the parents think children should start visiting the dentist after they reach two. A.36% B.56% C.44% D.64% )12.How often do dentists think children should have a dental check-up? A.Once a month. B.Once a year. C.Every six months. D.Every two years. )13.Which of the following habits is the best for teeth? A.Visiting the dentist once a year. B.Brushing the teeth once a day. C.Having a new toothbrush every 90 days. D.Spending two minutes brushing teeth each time. 设 围绕儿童看牙医频率、家长认知与专业建议差异化展开，通过数据对比、 习惯梳理，传递科学护牙知识。 亮点 健康科普：纠正家长“一年看一次牙医”等误区，传递“每6个月检查、正 确刷牙习惯”等科学护牙理念，守护儿童口腔健康。 0 新英语时文话题阅读理解八年级上 期末考试阅读专项训练91 B主题：人与社会·以温情笔触传递微笑力量体裁：记叙文字数：2l3难度：★★★☆建议用时：6mis you know World Smile Day?It falls on the first Friday of October every year. is a day to make others smile,and to make sure you have a smile on your face as well. It is said that Harvey Ball,an artist from the USA,created it.It began as a bright yellow circle with two dots(圆点)and a curved(弯曲的)black line.The two dots are eyes and the curved black line is a smiling mouth.Later,Harvey came up with the idea of the smiling face for World Smile Day to make people devote (one day each year to smiles and kind acts. There are a number of things you can do on that day to make people around you smile.You can do little acts of kindness,like buying a stranger a cup of coffee,offering your seat to people in need on the bus,etc.Or you can surprise someone in your family with a gift,by cooking a meal for them,or doing something special for them. World Smile Day encourages you to do something to bring smiles into the world.If we do this,we can make the world a better place. )14.How does the writer introduce the topic at the beginning of the passage? A.By listing a fact. B.By giving an example. C.By asking a question. D.By explaining a difference. )15.What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A.Where Harvey celebrated World Smile Day. B.When Harvey created World Smile Day. C.How Harvey celebrated World Smile Day D.How Harvey created World Smile Day. )16.What do you think of Harvey? A.Creative. B.Strange. C.Brave. D.Honest. )17.Which of the following acts is NOT mentioned according to this passage? A.Buying a stranger food or drinks B.Giving your seat to others on the bus. C.Cooking food for your family members. D.Picking up the rubbish on the ground. 将哈维·鲍尔创造微笑标识、赋予节日意义的过程，与自身践行善意之举 计亮 融合，用具体场景还原节日温度，让抽象的节日内涵变得可感可知。 词汇运用：“bright yellow circle”“a smiling mouth”等描绘性词汇营造温 馨氛围；“bring smiles into the world“make the world a better place'”等 升华性表达，增强文字感染力，让情感与理念传递更生动。 》》 0 92新英语时文话题阅读理解八年级上 期末考试阅读专项训练 C主题：人与社会·制氢需技术体裁：说明文字数：260难度：★★★★建议用时：6mis H ydrogen energy()is becoming a hot topic in 2025.It's a clean energy source ()Many countries are working on using it more. Now,most cars use gas().But in the future,hydrogen-powered cars will be common. These cars produce only water when they run.It's really good for the environment(环境). People also want to use hydrogen in homes.Maybe one day,our kitchens will use hydrogen to cook.It will be safe and clean.We can also use it to heat water,making our daily life greener. Some scientists say hydrogen can solve energy problems.But there are still challenges.For example,making and storing hydrogen need new technology.However,as technology develops,these challenges may be overcome(). Cities like Shanghai are testing hydrogen buses.These buses are quiet and don't pollute the air.Students in Shanghai are learning about hydrogen in science classes.They think it's an amazing energy. Hydrogen energy gives us hope for a cleaner world.It will change our lives in many ways.Let's wait and see! )18.Which is TRUE about hydrogen-powered cars according to the text? A.They use petrol to run now. B.They will produce water and smoke in the future. C.They are bad for the environment. D.They may become common in the future. )19.What does the underlined word "It"in Paragraph 2 refer to? A.Hydrogen-powered cars. B.Using hydrogen in kitchens. C.Hydrogen buses. D.Making hydrogen. )20.What shows scientists'positive view on hydrogen energy? A.It's easy to make hydrogen. B.Hydrogen will work without challenges. C.Hydrogen can solve energy problems even though there are challenges. D.Making hydrogen needs no new technology. 以氢能热点为背景，让学生感知英语与科技、环境的关联，提升用英语解 计亮 决实际问题的能力。 串联能源科技词汇、语法与阅读技能，实现语言知识与学科思维融合，服 务“人与社会”素养培养。 主题词汇：聚焦“氢能”主题，高频词如：hydrogen,energy,pollute等， 均为八年级课内拓展词汇，贴合“科技与环境”话题词汇积累需求 新英语时文话题阅读理解八年级上 期末考试阅读专项训练93 D主题：人与社会·小米电动汽车：智能出行新风尚体裁：记叙文字数：225难度：★★★☆建议用时：6mis n recent years,Xiaomi has entered the automotive()market.The Xiaomi electric car,which first appeared in 2024,quickly became a hot topic among car lovers. The electric car stands out for its excellent design.It has a more modern and stylish look than many other cars in the same price range().The body is made of strong but light materials,making it safer and more energy-efficient.Its battery()is one of the most advanced in the industry.It can run up to 800 kilometres on a single charge(), which is much farther than some of its competitors. Inside the car,you will find a large touch-screen.It's not only 小米电动汽车M1 easy to use but also gives a lot of useful information.The seats are very comfortable,and they are made of soft materials.In addition,the car has advanced safety features().It can automatically stop if it senses danger,which is safer than many traditional cars. Xiaomi electric cars combine()high-tech features with user-friendly designs. They have quickly become one of the most popular electric cars in the market,showing Xiaomi's ability to bring new ideas from the tech world to the automotive industry. )21.When did the Xiaomi electric car first appear? A.In2023. B.In2024. C.In2025. D.In2026. )22.What does the underlined word "advanced"in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A.New and improved. B.Old and common. C.Big and heavy. D.Small and light. )23.Which detail shows the car is user-friendly? A.It has a modern look. B.The battery can last long. C.The touch-screen is easy to use. D.It uses special body materials )24.What is the main idea of the passage? A.The history of Xiaomi electric cars. B.The problems of electric cars. C.The features and popularity of Xiaomi electric cars. D.The comparison between Xiaomi cars and traditional cars. 热点结合：以当下热门的小米电动汽车为主题，贴近生活和时事，能激发 计亮 学生的阅读兴趣。 帮助学生复习比较级和最高级等语法知识，同时拓展与汽车相关的英语 词汇。 词汇运用：通过丰富学生描述性词汇，让学生理解和运用比较级和最 高级。 94新英语时文话题阅读理解八年级上 期末考试阅读专项训练 E主题：人与社会·中国载人探月任务：“望字探索”彰显文化与科技融合体裁：说明文字数：244难度：★★★☆建议用时：6mis n February 12,2025,China announced()the official names of the spacesuit and lunar rover(月球车)for its manned lunar mission. The spacesuit is"Wangyu",meaning watching the universe and exploring the unknown.It shows Chinese astronauts'task to study space and start new journeys on the moon. Linked to the“Feitian'”spacesuit for the space station tasks,“Wangyu'”not only carries on the spirit of Chinese space exploration but also shows China's peaceful use of space and efforts to build a shared future for humanity(). The lunar rover is“Tansuo”,which means“exploration”.With foldable structures(结构)and modular(模块化的)parts,it can carry two astronauts,move fast on rough moon ground,and support tasks like navigation(导航)，safety monitoring(监测)，communication,and cargo (transport.It will help do lunar scientific experiments and sample 自月 (样本)checking. 称正式通定 These names mix Chinese culture and high technology.From“Chang'e”,“Yutu”to “Tianwen”,“Zhurong”,and now“Wangyu”,“Tansuo'”,each name combines traditional cultural symbols with modern space exploration goals,telling the story of China's search of the space secret. )25.What does"Wangyu"show about China according to the text? A.Only care about space exploration. B.Use space for peaceful purposes. C.Don't want to share space with others. D.Focus on traditional culture only. )26.Which task can NOT“Tansuo'”do? A.Carry two astronauts. B.Move slowly on rough ground. C.Support communication. D.Do scientific experiments. )27.What's the main idea of the last paragraph? A.Chinese spacecraft names are all from myths. B.China's spacecraft names mix culture and technology. C.New names are better than old ones. D.Space mysteries are hard to solve. 设计亮 以中国探月命名为背景，让学生了解中国航天文化，增强民族自豪感。 题型多元：涵盖文化理解、细节理解、主旨概括，贴合八年级阅读能力要 求，并关联文本“文化十科技”主题。 新英语时文话题阅读理解八年级上 期末考试阅读专项训练95 第二节阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题（请注意每小题的词数要求）。 F主题：人与社会·梅兰竹菊：我的文化宝藏体裁：记叙文字数：l91难度：★★★☆建议用时：6mins hen I was a little kid,my grandpa often told me stories about Chinese One day,he showed me four plants-一plum(梅花)，orchid(兰花)，bamboo(竹 and chrysanthemum ()He said they are special in Chinese culture and called them the“Four Gentlemen'”(四君子). Now,I know more about them.Plum blooms in winter.It's braver than many other flowers,facing the cold without fear.Orchid has a light and nice smell.Bamboo grows straight and never bends easily,even in strong winds.Chrysanthemum flowers in autumn,and it's one of the most beautiful autumn flowers. Last year,I visited a garden.There were all four plants.Plum stood in the cold wind, orchid gave out a sweet smell,bamboo looked tall and straight,and chrysanthemum smiled in the sun.I felt so proud of these Chinese "treasures".They teach me to be strong,gentle and persistent(坚韧的).From them,I understand our culture better.. 28.What did Grandpa show the writer?(不超过7个词) 29.Which is one of the most beautiful autumn flowers?(不超过2个词) 30.What can we learn from these plants?(不超过20个词) √紧扣中国传统文化中的“梅兰竹菊”主题，将文化知识融人记叙文，增强 计亮点 文化认同感。 通过标注汉语，强化文化词汇认知，拓展“persistent'”等词汇，提升阅读 与文化表达能力。式)，对应A选项。B选项（现代聚会）、C 29.Talk face to face and share thoughts 选项（社交媒体活动）和D选项（时装秀） sincerely. 均与上下文语境不符。 30.We can be sincere,understand each other 24.B【解析】全文围绕汉服在社交媒体、外 and listen more instead of arguing.(开放 交场合及文化活动中的传播展开，第一 性试题，答案不唯一，合理即可) 段提到汉服成为“展示文化自信的鲜明 期末考试阅读专项训练 符号”，第二段强调其作为“国际传播现 第一部分完形填空 象”，第三段指出其在仪式中作为“文化 1.C【解析】根据上下文可知，这个人是去 桥梁”的作用。B选项“汉服成为国际交 买鞋，说需要一双某个“尺寸”的鞋。 流的一种文化象征”全面概括了文章 weight意为“重量”，money意为“钱”， 核心。 value意为“价值”，size意为“尺寸”，所以 E 选C 25.C 【解析】根据“Now,the high-speed 2.D 【解析】这里表示需要一双“匹配”这个 rail cuts the time to 3.5 hours,showing 尺寸的鞋，improve意为“提高，改善”， how infrastructure changes life..”可知通 decide意为“决定”，bring意为“带来”， 过高铁缩短北京到南京的旅行时间，直 match意为“匹配”，故选D。 接体现中国在交通基础设施（高铁）上的 3.C【解析】前面说他很骄傲地和店主说 发展成果。 话，后面说他把尺寸忘在家里了，所以笑 26.B【解析】根据第二段中“Without 容应该是“消失”了。avoid意为“避免”， highways,African countries depend on support意为“支持”，disappear意为“消 expensive sea or air transport for trade. 失”，appear意为“出现”，故选C。 可知，因公路基建薄弱，非洲贸易依赖高 4.C【解析】turn round是固定短语，表示 成本的海空运输，导致贸易成本上升，对 “转身”，符合他发现忘带尺寸后转身回家 应B选项。 的语境。turn up意为“出现，调高”，turn 27.B【解析】文章通过中非基建合作案例， on意为“打开”，turn into意为“变成”，所 强调全球基建对发展的重要性，对应B 以选C。 选项（关注全球基础设施）。A选项（日 5.A【解析】店主试图阻止他，“但是”失败 常购物避免现金支付)和C选项（游览非 了。这里是转折关系。so表示因果关系； 洲体验文化)偏离文章“基建与合作”的 however表示转折时，常用逗号与句子隔 核心；D选项（从中国工程师学习高铁技 开；because表示原因。故选A。 术)虽涉及技术，但未体现“合作共赢”的 6.D【解析】后面说店主已经锁门回家了， 主旨，不如B选项全面。 所以他回来发现店是“关着的”。open意 第二节 为“开着的”，crowded意为“拥挤的”， F popular意为“受欢迎的”，closed意为“关 28.The writer and his deskmate argued. 着的”，故选D。 22 7.A【解析】他忙了半天，结果什么也没买 天更换一把新牙刷。故选C。 到。for nothing表示“徒劳，无结果”。 B anything常用于否定句或疑问句中， 14.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Do something表示“某物，某事”，everything you know World Smile Day?”可知，作者 表示“一切”，所以选A。 在文章开头以提问的方式引入主题。故 8.C【解析】根据回答“For myself.”可知， 选C。 有人问他是为“你自己”买鞋还是为别人 l5.D【解析】段落大意题。根据“It began 买。himself意为“他自己”，myself意为 as a bright yellow circle...Later, “我自己”，yourself意为“你自已”，oneself Harvey came up with the idea of the 意为“某人自己”，故选C。 smiling face for..”可知，第二段主要介 9.C【解析】试穿鞋子用try on。try out意 绍Harvey是如何创建世界微笑日的。 为“试验，试用”，give up意为“放弃”，give 故选D。 out意为“分发”，所以选C。 16.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中 10.B【解析】这里说他忘了工具是为人服 的“It is said that Harvey Ball,an artist 务的，不是人服务于工具。rule意为“规 from the USA,created it...Later, 则”，tool意为“工具”，word意为“单词， Harvey came up with the idea of the 话语”，mistake意为“错误”。尺寸在这 smiling face for World Smile Day..”可 里是买鞋的“工具”，故选B。 知，Harvey非常有创意。故选A。 阅读理解 17.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中 第二部分阅读理解 "...like buying a stranger a cup of coffee, 第一节 offering your seat to people in need on A the bus,etc.Or you can surprise l1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“More someone in your family with a gift,by than half (56%)of the parents think a cooking a meal for them,or doing child's first trip to the dentist should something special for them.”A,B、C三个 happen after age two.”可知，56%的父母 选项都提到了，D项没有提到。故选D。 认为孩子应该在两岁后去看牙医。故 C 选B。 18.D 【解析】根据第二段“hydrogen- l2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“Professional powered cars will be common”可知 tip:Children should get a check-up every six 选D。 months..”可知，牙医建议孩子们应该每隔 l9.B【解析】前文“kitchens will use 六个月检查一次牙齿。故选C。 hydrogen to cook”表明，it指代“厨房用 l3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“Have a 氢能做饭”这件事(Using hydrogen in new toothbrush every three months..”可 kitchens)。 知，每三个月换一次新牙刷，也就是每9020.C【解析】文中“hydrogen can solve -23 energy problems...challenges may be E overcome”可知“虽有挑战仍认可氢能解 25.B【解析】文中“Wangyu’.also shows 决能源问题”。选项A(制氢易)、B(无挑 China's peaceful use of space...”表明， 战)、D(无需新技术)均与原文“制氢需 “望宇”体现中国和平利用太空，选项A 技术、有挑战”矛盾。 (只关注空间探索)、C(不想共享太空)、D D (只聚焦传统文化)均与原文不符。 2l.B【解析】文中明确提到“The Xiaomi 26.B【解析】文中提月球车“move fast on electric car,which first appeared in rough moon ground”,B选项“在崎岖地 2024,quickly became a hot topic among 面缓慢移动”与之矛盾；选项A(搭载2 car lovers..”可知，故选B项，考查学生对 个宇航员)、C(支持通信)、D(做科学实 显性信息的提取能力。 验)均能在原文找到依据。 22.A【解析】根据“It can run up to800 27.B【解析】末段提到“These names mix kilometres on a single charge,which is much Chinese culture and high technology... farther than some of its competitors..”可知， combines traditional cultural symbols 小米电动汽车的电池性能优越，所以 with modern space exploration goals'”,强 “advanced”在这里表示“新的且改进的”， 调名称融合文化与科技，选项A(都源自 故选A。考查学生通过上下文推测词义 神话)太绝对，C(新名称优于旧名称)无 的能力。 依据，D(太空奥秘难解决)非段落主旨。 23.C【解析】从第三段可找到“体现汽车 F 用户友好(user-friendly)”的细节，需学 28.Four plants:plum,orchid,bamboo and 生理解段落中各配置与“用户友好”的 chrysanthemum. 关联，属于隐性推理，要整合“车内触摸 【解析】从文中“One day,he showed me 屏易操作、提供有用信息”等细节判断， four plants-plum,orchid,bamboo and 提升思维深度。 chrysanthemum.”可知答案。 24.C【解析】文章主要介绍了小米电动汽 29.Chrysanthemum. 车的外观设计、电池性能、车内设施、安 【解析】依据“Chrysanthemum flowers in 全功能等特点，以及它在市场上的受欢 autumn,and it's one of the most 迎程度，所以文章主要介绍小米电动汽 beautiful autumn flowers.”直接得出 车的特点和受欢迎程度，故选C。A选项 答案。 文章未提及小米电动汽车的历史；B选 30.To be strong,gentle and persistent. 项文章没有讨论电动汽车的问题；D选 案不唯一，合理即可。) 项比较只是文章部分内容，不能概括全 【解析】结合“They teach me to be strong, 文。这道题考查学生对文章整体内容的 gentle and persistent.”可得知答案。 理解和归纳能力。 24