Unit 3 Make it happen 语法知识讲解练习 2025-2026学年外研版（2024）英语八年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过分类梳理与对比表格系统构建了动词不定式（to do）与动名词（doing）作宾语的知识体系，将核心动词分为“只能接to do”“只能接doing”“接两者但含义不同”三类，并用记忆口诀和例句呈现每类动词的用法逻辑，清晰展现语法知识的内在联系。 该讲义的亮点在于分层练习设计与语境化方法指导，基础题巩固动词搭配规则，提升题聚焦stop/forget/remember等高频易混动词的含义辨析，如通过“stop to do”与“stop doing”的对比练习引导学生结合语境分析差异，培养语言运用能力与逻辑思维品质。答案解析标注固定搭配与语境逻辑，帮助学生掌握学习策略，教师可据此实施分层教学，提升复习效率。

八年级英语上册Unit 3 语法知识讲解练习 一、知识讲解 【动词不定式(to do)与动名词(doing)作宾语】 (一)核心概念:什么是“作宾语”? 简单说,“动词不定式/动名词作宾语”就是“一个动作(to do/doing)跟着另一个动词,作它的‘动作对象’”。 比如:I want to eat. “to eat”是“want”这个动作的对象,即宾语);I enjoy reading. “reading”是“enjoy”的对象,即宾语)。 (二)三类核心动词分类(必背!) 1.只能接“动词不定式(to do)”作宾语的动词 这类动词的核心是“表达意愿、计划、目的”,记忆口诀:“想要(want)拒绝(refuse)忘(forget),需要(need)努力(try)帮(help),学习(learn)希望(hope)要(would like),决定(decide)同意(agree)别逞强”。 常见动词及例句: want:She wants to buy a new pen. 她想买一支新钢笔。 hope/wish:I hope to visit Beijing next year. 我希望明年去北京。 decide:They decided to walk home. 他们决定走路回家。 need:He needs to finish his homework first. 他需要先完成作业。 learn:We learn to speak English by practicing. 我们通过练习学习说英语。 2.只能接“动名词(doing)”作宾语的动词 这类动词的核心是“表达习惯、喜好、完成或抽象动作”,记忆口诀:“喜欢(enjoy)错过(miss)别介意(mind),完成(finish)练习(practice)要坚持(keep),避免(avoid)放弃(give up)没道理”。 常见动词及例句: enjoy:My father enjoys watching football games. 我爸爸喜欢看足球赛。 finish:You must finish doing your homework before playing. 你必须做完作业再玩。 practice:She practices playing the piano every evening. 她每天晚上练习弹钢琴。 mind:Would you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗户吗? keep:Keep trying! You will succeed. 继续努力!你会成功的。 3.既能接to do,也能接doing,但含义不同的动词(高频考点!) 这类动词需重点区分含义,八年级核心掌握3个: 动词 接to do(含义) 接doing(含义) 1.stop to do停止当前动作,去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在做的动作 例如: He stopped to drink water. 他停下来,去喝水。 He stopped drinking water. 他停止了喝水。 2.forget to do忘记“要去做”某事(还没做) forget doing忘记“已经做过”某事(做了但忘了) 例如: I forgot to take my umbrella. 我忘了要带伞。 I forgot taking my umbrella. 我忘了我已经带伞了。 2.remember to do 记得“要去做”某事(还没做) remember doing 记得“已经做过”某事(做了且记得) 例如: Remember to turn off the lights. 记得要关灯。 I remember turning off the lights. 我记得我已经关了灯。 二、针对练习 (一) 基础题:用括号内动词的正确形式填空 1.My mother often tells me _ (not play) computer games too much. 2.They plan _ (go) to the zoo this weekend. 3.Tom enjoys _ (listen) to English songs. 4.We must finish _ (clean) the classroom before 5 p.m. 5.Would you like _ (have) a cup of tea? 提升题:选择正确选项(侧重“to do/doing含义不同”) 6.He was tired, so he stopped _ a rest.(A.to have B.having) 7.Don’t forget _ your homework to school tomorrow.(A.to bring B.bringing) 8.I remember _ this song before, but I can’t remember the singer.(A.to hear B.hearing) (二) 动词不定式与动名词混合练习题 请根据括号内动词的正确形式填空,或选择合适选项,完成句子。 1.My little sister is learning _ (ride) a bike.She practices it every weekend. 2.Uncle Li gave up _ (smoke) last year because it’s bad for his health. 3.— Why did you stop _ (talk) just now? — Because the teacher came into the classroom.(A.to talk B.talking) 4.Remember _ (close) the door when you leave the room.I won’t be back until evening. 5.My best friend hates _ (wash) dishes, so her mom usually does it for her. 6.They decided _ (not go) to the park because of the heavy rain. 7.Do you mind _ (turn) down the music? I’m trying to read a book. 8.She forgot _ (call) her mom yesterday, so her mom was worried about her.(A.to call B.calling) 【答案】 (一) 1.not to play(tell sb.not to do sth.固定搭配) 2.to go(plan 后接to do) 3.listening(enjoy 后接doing) 4.cleaning(finish 后接doing) 5.to have(would like 后接to do) 6.A(stop to do 表示“停下来去做另一件事”,符合“累了,停下来休息”) 7.A(forget to do 表示“忘记要做某事”,“带作业”还没做) 8.B(remember doing 表示“记得做过某事”,“听过这首歌”是已发生的动作) (二) 1.to ride(learn 后接动词不定式 to do,表“学习做某事”) 2.smoking(give up 后接动名词 doing,表“放弃做某事”,为固定用法) 3.B(talking)(stop doing 表“停止正在做的动作”,结合语境“老师进来,停止说话”,符合逻辑) 4.to close(remember to do 表“记得要做某事”,“关门”是还未发生的动作,需要提醒) 5.washing(hate 后接动名词 doing,表“讨厌做某事”,描述日常喜好/厌恶) 6.not to go(decide 后接动词不定式 to do,否定形式为“decide not to do”,表“决定不做某事”) 7.turning(mind 后接动名词 doing,表“介意做某事”,是固定搭配) 8.A(to call)(forget to do 表“忘记要做某事”,结合语境“没给妈妈打电话导致妈妈担心”,说明“打电话”这件事没做) 0 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $