专题13 形容词与副词(复习讲义)(广东小高考专用)2026年春季高考英语

2025-11-03
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专题13 形容词与副词 目录 考情分析与命题趋势 1 一、考试要求 1 二、 命题分析 1 知识体系构建 2 知识点1、形容词作定语的后置规律 2 知识点2、多个形容词作定语的排序 2 知识点3、词在句中的位置规律 2 知识点4、-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别 2 考点精析与突破 2 考点一:基本句法功能 2 考点二:形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 3 实战精练与提升 6 考情分析与命题趋势 一、考试要求 形容词与副词的用法贯穿英语语言的每一个角落,涵盖语法填空、阅读完形和写作。语法填空考查形容词副词的基本用法、比较级和词性转换;完形填空考查形容词副词的词义有四五个设空;阅读当中形容词副词的意义会影响理解文章;完形填空和阅读理解的选项重在分辨词义;写作运用形容词副词会使文章准确而生动。考纲要求掌握形容词和副词的基本用法,熟悉形容词副词的词义、比较级最高级形式、合成词,以及与形容词副词相关的特殊句型。 2、 命题分析 考点 考频 考查内容 命题趋势 词性转换、比较级/最高级形式变化、固定句型中的形容词选择 5年12考 形容词转化副词 名词转化形容词 比较级/最高级形式 预测2026年在语法填空、完形填空和阅读理解题中考查 形容词/副词词义辨 析、语境适配性判断 5年9考 形容词/副词词义辨析、语境适配性判断 预测2026年在语法填空和阅读理解题中考查 知识体系构建 知识点1、形容词作定语的后置规律 形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前,但下列三种情况形容词要后置:①形容词短语作定语时; ②表语形容词作定语时; ③修饰复合不定代词时。 知识点2、多个形容词作定语的排序 多个形容词修饰名词时,其排序规律是:(限定词+程度副词+) 描绘+大小(长短、高低)+形状+年龄(新旧)+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词。 知识点3、词在句中的位置规律 副词修饰形容词或其它副词时,一般位于被修饰词的前面,但enough却要放在被修饰的形容词或副词的后面。频度副词often可位于实义动词前、be 动词后,如, He often plays basketball. He is often late. 知识点4、-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别 -ed形容词,通常说明人,意为(某人)感到……; -ing形容词通常说明事物,意为(某事物)令人……"或"令人……的(事物)。 考点精析与突破 考点一:基本句法功能 解题策略 1、形容词主要用来修饰名词,在句子中可以充当定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语,跟定冠词the连用时,相当于名词,可以充当主语和宾语。   I bought a new book yesterday. (形容词作定语)   He is tall. (形容词作表语)   We can make it more beautiful. (形容词作宾语补足语)   Tired, he fell asleep quickly. (形容词作状语)   The poor are poor. (the+形容词作主语)   We should help the poor. (the+形容词作宾语) 2、副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词和副词,在句子中充当状语。  He runs very fast. (副词very,修饰副词fast,而副词fast修饰动词run)  The book is quite interesting. (副词quite,修饰形容词interesting) 例1 (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ________ (confidence) speaking English. 例2(2023·浙江卷1月)The term “hutong”, (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 考点二:形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 解题策略 1. 平级比较 (1)as+形容词+(a/an)+名词+as表示同级比较,注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。 ☞It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为,教学是一门科学,同时也是一门艺术。 (2)as+形容词/副词的原级+as"与"not as/so+形容词/副词的原级+as表示同级比较,即两个或两   部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。 ☞The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.这项工作不是像你想像得那么难。 2. 比较级 (1)比较级的修饰语有: rather, much,still, any(否定句、疑问句中), even, far, a lot,a bit, a little, a great deal等。 ☞He is much taller than Yao Ming.他比姚明高多了。 ☞The book is better by far than that one. 这本书比那本书要好得多。 (2) 比较级的常见结构: ①比较级+than"结构可以表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况。 ☞You look much younger than I do. 你看上去比我年轻多了。 ☞She doesn’t work harder than you. 她工作不如你努力。 ②由more, fewer, less+名词构成的比较级 more "比……多",后接复数名词或不可数名词 ☞I have more new books than my cousin. ☞He has more milk than I. less "比……少",后接不可数名词 ☞He has less water than me. fewer"比……少",后接复数名词 ☞They have fewer flowers than we . (3) 比较级的特殊结构 ①The more…, the more…表示越……,就越……(more代表比较级) ☞The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心,你犯的错误就越少。 ☞The happier you are, the more friends you will make.你越快乐,你将会交越多的朋友。 ②比较级+比较级和more and more+多音节词原级表示越来越…… ☞Our school is cleaner and cleaner.我们的校园越来越干净。 ☞Our city becomes more and more beautiful. 我们的城市变得越来越漂亮。 ③the+比较级+of the two +名词"表示"两者中较……的那个"。 ☞The taller of the two boys is my brother.两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。 ④ no +比较级+than结构表示和……一样不…… ⑤ not +比较级+than结构意为不及,表示前者不如后者 ☞You are no taller than I. 你和我一样矮。 ☞My handwriting is not better than yours. 我的书法没有你的好。 3. 最高级 (1) 最高级的修饰语常见的有:序数词,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not really,not quite,nothing like。 ☞The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River. 目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。 ☞I’d like to buy the second most expensive camera. 我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。 (2)最高级意义的表达法 the +最高级+比较范围 never…a(n)+比较级+可数名词单数 比较级+than+any other+单数名词 比较级+than+all the other+复数名词 比较级+than+anyone else 比较级+than+any of the other+复数名词 比较级+than+the rest of+复数名词或不可数名词 eg: 朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。(一句多译) ①Julia is taller than any other girl in her class. ②Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class. ③Julia is taller than any of the other girls in her class. ④Julia is taller than the rest of girls in her class. ⑤Julia is the tallest girl in her class. 否定词+比较级=最高级 ☞There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends. 为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。 ☞—Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting?你对他在会议上说的满意吗? —No. It couldn’t have been worse.不,不能再差了。 例3 Work gets done ________ easily when people do it together, and the rewards are higher too. 例4(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the _________(large) United States national park-2.2 million acres-until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 实战精练与提升 1. ...it must have been   (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.   2. It is    (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.   3. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador.The title will be   (official)given to me at a ceremony in London.   4. A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience,    (especial) if you are travelling at high speed.  5. Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks    (regular).   6. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which    (gradual) turned into chopsticks.  7. The Frangipani family________(apparent) turned the structure into a castle. 8. There was nobody around me for miles; ________(actual), that wasn't entirely true. 9. It happened________(sudden) when I least expected it. 10. They also use drones to watch them________(close). 9 / 9 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题13 形容词与副词 目录 考情分析与命题趋势 1 一、考试要求 1 二、 命题分析 1 知识体系构建 2 知识点1、形容词作定语的后置规律 2 知识点2、多个形容词作定语的排序 2 知识点3、词在句中的位置规律 2 知识点4、-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别 2 考点精析与突破 2 考点一:基本句法功能 2 考点二:形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 3 实战精练与提升 6 考情分析与命题趋势 一、考试要求 形容词与副词的用法贯穿英语语言的每一个角落,涵盖语法填空、阅读完形和写作。语法填空考查形容词副词的基本用法、比较级和词性转换;完形填空考查形容词副词的词义有四五个设空;阅读当中形容词副词的意义会影响理解文章;完形填空和阅读理解的选项重在分辨词义;写作运用形容词副词会使文章准确而生动。考纲要求掌握形容词和副词的基本用法,熟悉形容词副词的词义、比较级最高级形式、合成词,以及与形容词副词相关的特殊句型。 2、 命题分析 考点 考频 考查内容 命题趋势 词性转换、比较级/最高级形式变化、固定句型中的形容词选择 5年12考 形容词转化副词 名词转化形容词 比较级/最高级形式 预测2026年在语法填空、完形填空和阅读理解题中考查 形容词/副词词义辨 析、语境适配性判断 5年9考 形容词/副词词义辨析、语境适配性判断 预测2026年在语法填空和阅读理解题中考查 知识体系构建 知识点1、形容词作定语的后置规律 形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前,但下列三种情况形容词要后置:①形容词短语作定语时; ②表语形容词作定语时; ③修饰复合不定代词时。 知识点2、多个形容词作定语的排序 多个形容词修饰名词时,其排序规律是:(限定词+程度副词+) 描绘+大小(长短、高低)+形状+年龄(新旧)+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词。 知识点3、词在句中的位置规律 副词修饰形容词或其它副词时,一般位于被修饰词的前面,但enough却要放在被修饰的形容词或副词的后面。频度副词often可位于实义动词前、be 动词后,如, He often plays basketball. He is often late. 知识点4、-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别 -ed形容词,通常说明人,意为(某人)感到……; -ing形容词通常说明事物,意为(某事物)令人……"或"令人……的(事物)。 考点精析与突破 考点一:基本句法功能 解题策略 1、形容词主要用来修饰名词,在句子中可以充当定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语,跟定冠词the连用时,相当于名词,可以充当主语和宾语。   I bought a new book yesterday. (形容词作定语)   He is tall. (形容词作表语)   We can make it more beautiful. (形容词作宾语补足语)   Tired, he fell asleep quickly. (形容词作状语)   The poor are poor. (the+形容词作主语)   We should help the poor. (the+形容词作宾语) 2、副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词和副词,在句子中充当状语。  He runs very fast. (副词very,修饰副词fast,而副词fast修饰动词run)  The book is quite interesting. (副词quite,修饰形容词interesting) 例1 (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ________ (confidence) speaking English. 【答案】confident 【解析】考查形容词。句意:从2017年6月开始,就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前,我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知,空处和前文的comfortable并列,作并列表语,应用形容词形式,confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。 例2(2023·浙江卷1月)The term “hutong”, (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 【答案】originally 【解析】考查副词。句意:胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思,首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。 考点二:形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 解题策略 1. 平级比较 (1)as+形容词+(a/an)+名词+as表示同级比较,注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。 ☞It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为,教学是一门科学,同时也是一门艺术。 (2)as+形容词/副词的原级+as"与"not as/so+形容词/副词的原级+as表示同级比较,即两个或两   部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。 ☞The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.这项工作不是像你想像得那么难。 2. 比较级 (1)比较级的修饰语有: rather, much,still, any(否定句、疑问句中), even, far, a lot,a bit, a little, a great deal等。 ☞He is much taller than Yao Ming.他比姚明高多了。 ☞The book is better by far than that one. 这本书比那本书要好得多。 (2) 比较级的常见结构: ①比较级+than"结构可以表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况。 ☞You look much younger than I do. 你看上去比我年轻多了。 ☞She doesn’t work harder than you. 她工作不如你努力。 ②由more, fewer, less+名词构成的比较级 more "比……多",后接复数名词或不可数名词 ☞I have more new books than my cousin. ☞He has more milk than I. less "比……少",后接不可数名词 ☞He has less water than me. fewer"比……少",后接复数名词 ☞They have fewer flowers than we . (3) 比较级的特殊结构 ①The more…, the more…表示越……,就越……(more代表比较级) ☞The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心,你犯的错误就越少。 ☞The happier you are, the more friends you will make.你越快乐,你将会交越多的朋友。 ②比较级+比较级和more and more+多音节词原级表示越来越…… ☞Our school is cleaner and cleaner.我们的校园越来越干净。 ☞Our city becomes more and more beautiful. 我们的城市变得越来越漂亮。 ③the+比较级+of the two +名词"表示"两者中较……的那个"。 ☞The taller of the two boys is my brother.两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。 ④ no +比较级+than结构表示和……一样不…… ⑤ not +比较级+than结构意为不及,表示前者不如后者 ☞You are no taller than I. 你和我一样矮。 ☞My handwriting is not better than yours. 我的书法没有你的好。 3. 最高级 (1) 最高级的修饰语常见的有:序数词,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not really,not quite,nothing like。 ☞The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River. 目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。 ☞I’d like to buy the second most expensive camera. 我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。 (2)最高级意义的表达法 the +最高级+比较范围 never…a(n)+比较级+可数名词单数 比较级+than+any other+单数名词 比较级+than+all the other+复数名词 比较级+than+anyone else 比较级+than+any of the other+复数名词 比较级+than+the rest of+复数名词或不可数名词 eg: 朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。(一句多译) ①Julia is taller than any other girl in her class. ②Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class. ③Julia is taller than any of the other girls in her class. ④Julia is taller than the rest of girls in her class. ⑤Julia is the tallest girl in her class. 否定词+比较级=最高级 ☞There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends. 为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。 ☞—Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting?你对他在会议上说的满意吗? —No. It couldn’t have been worse.不,不能再差了。 例3 Work gets done ________ easily when people do it together, and the rewards are higher too. 【答案】more 【解析】根据题意可知,说话者是将when people do it together和when people don’t do it together这两种情况比较,故选比较级。另外,根据句末的higher too也可知道此题是考查比较级。 例4(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the _________(large) United States national park-2.2 million acres-until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 【答案】largest 【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意:黄石公园是最大的美国国家公园-220万英亩-直到阿拉斯加南部的兰格尔-圣埃利亚斯于1978年成为国家纪念碑,并于1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉。根据句意,此处表范围内最大,需用最高级形式,故填largest。 实战精练与提升 1. ...it must have been   (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.   2. It is    (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.   3. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador.The title will be   (official)given to me at a ceremony in London.   4. A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience,    (especial) if you are travelling at high speed.  5. Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks    (regular).   6. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which    (gradual) turned into chopsticks.  7. The Frangipani family________(apparent) turned the structure into a castle. 8. There was nobody around me for miles; ________(actual), that wasn't entirely true. 9. It happened________(sudden) when I least expected it. 10. They also use drones to watch them________(close). 参考答案: 1. 【答案】fairly  考查副词。此处修饰形容词unpleasant,应用副词,故填fairly。 2. 【答案】certainly  考查副词。空处修饰形容词,作状语,故填certainly。 3. 【答案】officially  考查词性转换。修饰动词应该用副词,所以填officially。 4. 【答案】especially  句意:急刹车有时是非常吓人的经历,特别是当你正在高速行进的时候。修饰句子应用副词,故填especially特别,尤其。 5. 【答案】regularly  考查词形转换。修饰谓语动词take应用副词,故填regularly有规律地。 6. 【答案】gradually  考查副词。修饰的动词 turned应用副词修饰动词。 7. 【答案】apparently 句意:弗兰吉帕尼家族显然把这座建筑变成了一座城堡。修饰动词turned应用副词。故填apparently. 8. 【答案】Actually 句意:我周围几英里都没有人;事实上,这并不完全正确。但此处需修饰整个句子,应使用副词actually。故填 actual 9. 【答案】suddenly 句意;它在我最意想不到的时候突然发生了。修饰谓语动词 happened应用副词。故填suddenly. 10. 【答案】Closely 句意:他们还使用无人机密切监视。修饰动词watch应用副词。故填Closely. 9 / 9 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题13 形容词与副词(复习讲义)(广东小高考专用)2026年春季高考英语
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专题13 形容词与副词(复习讲义)(广东小高考专用)2026年春季高考英语
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