内容正文:
专题10 数词
目录
考情分析与命题趋势 1
一、考试要求 1
二、 命题分析 1
知识体系构建 1
知识点1、数词的主要用法 1
考点精析与突破 2
考点一:基数词 2
考点二:序数词 3
实战精练与提升 4
考情分析与命题趋势
一、考试要求
近年高考卷对于数词的考查主要考查:
1.序数词前通常要加定冠词the。
2.“几十多岁”表达法。
3.序数词或受序数词修饰的名词后,通常用不定式作定语。
4. 表示“第几长/宽/高/……”与最高级连用。
5. 表达“某人第几次做某事”句型。
2、 命题分析
考点
考频
考查内容
命题趋势
基数词
5 年 2-3 考
1. hundred/thousand/million 的单复数(具体数字 + 单数;泛指 + of + 复数);2. 年龄(in one’s + 整十复数)、年代(in the 1990s)表达;3. 倍数基础结构(倍数 + as + 原级 + as)
2026 年仍为基础考查重点,大概率结合 “数量表达 + 主谓一致” 综合命题(如 “thousands of people 后接复数谓语”),难度低,聚焦实用场景(如人口、花费、年代)
序数词
5 年 2 考
1. 基数词变序数词的特殊规则(如 nine→ninth、twenty→twentieth);2. 序数词前冠词(the 表特指,a 表 “又一 / 再一”);3. 日期、楼层、名次表达(如 June 1st、the 5th floor)
2026 年考查概率较高,侧重 “序数词变形 + 语境应用”,多在语法填空考查 “基数词转序数词”(如括号内给基数词填序数词),题干语境贴近生活(如节日日期、建筑楼层)
知识体系构建
知识点1、数词的主要用法
1. 表示日期
1949年1949读作nineteen forty-nine
6月23日June 23rd 读作June (the) twenty-third或the twenty-third of June
2006年10月October 2006 读作October, two thousand and six
1600年5月2日May 2nd, 1600读作the second of May, sixteen hundred
2. 表示钟点
半小时用half,一刻钟用a quarter,半小时以内用past,超过半小时用to。
08:00 eight o’clock或eight
09:15 nine fifteen或a quarter past/after nine
02:30 two thirty或half past/after two
05:45 five forty-five或a quarter to six
14:15 fourteen fifteen或quarter past two in the afternoon=2:15 p.m.
23:05 twenty-three oh five
3. 表示编号
如No.2第二,第一次课可以说the First Lesson或Lesson One, 808号房间Room 808;168路公共汽车Bus No.168;南京路1490号1490 Nanjing Road;电话号码83545601(用基数词逐个念,0念字母O)。
a No.3 bus一辆三路公共汽车,the No.3 bus那辆三路公共汽车。
4. 表示倍数
倍数 + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as
倍数 + as many(可数)/much(不可数)+ 名词 + as
倍数 + 形容词/副词比较级 + than
倍数 + the + 名词(size, length, weight, amount等)+ of
倍数 + what 从句, 如:The college is twice what it was 5 years ago. 这所大学是它五年前的两倍。
动词 + 倍数。如:The output of cars this year has increased threefold compared to last year. 今年汽车的产量是去年的三倍。
考点精析与突破
考点一:基数词
解题策略
1. 英语中没有“万”这个读数单位,要表示汉语中的“万”,英语需借用thousand一词,如“一万”用“十个千”表示(ten thousand),“十万”用“一百个千”表示(one hundred thousand)。
2. 用作基数词单位的 hundred, thousand, million, billion 通常不带复数词尾-s,但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指,则用复数。如:
About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。
Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海滨去。
3. 表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如:
He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头。
This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。
例1 Dr. Zhong Nanshan, who is already in his ______ (eighty), makes great contributions to the battle against novel coronavirus.
【答案】eighties
【解析】考查基数词。基数词的复数形式表年龄范围,“in one's +整十的基数词复数”表示“在某人几十岁时”。故填eighties
例2 The universe as a whole contains ______ (billion) of galaxies(银河系).
【答案】billions
【解析】句意: 整个宇宙包含数十亿个类似的星系。billion 是数词,表“数以十亿计”,前面没有具体数字或表数字的词语时需加s,后面接of。
考点二:序数词
解题策略
1. 许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加词尾-th构成的,如 four / fourth, six / sixth。但需注意常见的不规则变化,如:one → first, two → second, three → third。 此外,以-ve结尾的基数词,如 five, twelve,变序数词时通常将-ve变为-f再加-th(fifth, twelfth)。
2. twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth 等表示整十的序数词,由相应的基数词将词尾y改为ie,再加-th 构成。
3. first, second, third 通常可缩写为1st, 2nd, 3rd。凡是以th结尾的序数词可缩写为“基数词+th”:4th, 5th, 9th, 11th, 60th, 128th等。
4. 非整十的多位数,将个位数变成序数词即可:twenty-first(第21),thirty-sixth(第36),ninety-ninth(第99),three hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。多位数中,十位与个位之间需加连字符。
5. hundred, thousand, million 等序数词形式为 hundredth, thousandth, millionth 等。
6. 序数词前通常要用定冠词,但表示考试或比赛等的名次时,通常可省略其前的定冠词。如:
My room is on the second floor and his on the third. 我的房间在三楼,他的房间在四楼。
He was the third in the exam. 他考试得了第三名。
例3 As the ____2___ (three)solar term in the lunar year, its name suggests the fact that animals sleeping in winter are awakened by spring thunder and that the earth begins to come back to life.
【答案】third
【解析】考查序数词。句意:作为农历年的第三个节气,它的名字暗示了在冬天睡觉的动物被春雷唤醒,地球开始恢复生机。根据空前的the可知,此处用three的序数词third。故答案为third。
例4There are thirty floors in this building and Mr. Wu’s office is on the ________(twenty) floor.
【答案】twentieth
【解析】考查数词。句意:这栋楼有三十层,吴先生的办公室在二十楼。根据句意及空后的单数名词floor可知,此处应用序数词表示顺序,故填twentieth。
实战精练与提升
1. Two ______ (three) of the land in my hometown is covered with trees and grass.
2. It's reported that women with demanding jobs are almost ______ (two) as likely to suffer heart attacks.
3. You’d better go home to see your parents ______________________(two) a week. They need more care.
4. Though a large amount of money _______ (use) and a number of doctors and nurses devoted their time and energy to researching into the causes of cancer, people are able to win the battle in the end.
5. A number of tourists ______ (be) to the Great Wall recently.
6. The number of students in the computer class ______ (limit) to ten.
7. This hall is six times ______ (big) than our classroom.
8. This hall is six ______ (time) the size of our classroom.
9. Movies give delight to ______ (million) of people.
10. After my ______ (first) visit to Boston, I spent almost every winter in the north.
参考答案
1.【答案】thirds
【解析】句意: 我们家乡2/3的土地上都是树和草。若分子大于1,作分母的序数词应用复数;“分数/百分数+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数根据名词而定,land是不可数名词,谓语动词应用单数形式。故填thirds。
2.【答案】twice
【解析】考查“主语+谓语+倍数+as +adj./adv.(+as+比较对象)”。此处暗含“患心脏病的几率几乎是平常人的两倍”,所以用twice。
3.【答案】twice
【解析】考查固定用法。句意:你最好每周回家看你父母两次。他们需要更多的照顾。twice意为“两次,两倍”,twice a week“一周两次”。故答案为twice。
4. 【答案】was used
【解析】句意:虽然对癌症起因的研究工作花了大量的钱,许多医护人员投入了大量的时间和精力,但人们最终会赢得这场战斗。“a large amount of money” 后接被动语态 “was used” 的原因是money 与 use 为被动关系。
5.【答案】have been
【解析】考查时态、主谓一致。recently提示用现在完成时,同时a number of tourists作主语时,因a number of表许多,谓语动词用复数,故填 have been。
6.【答案】is limited
【解析】考查主谓一致。‘the number of + 复数名词’作主语时,谓语用单数,且“数量被限制”需用被动语态,故填 is limited。
(1) the number of +可数名词复数,表示"……的数量/数目",谓语动词用单数形式,后常跟large, small等作表语。例如: The number of students in our school is very large. 我们学校的学生数量非常大。
The number of the students in our school is 2,000.我们学校的学生人数是2 000。
(2) a number of名词复数,表示“许多”,相当于many或a lot of。number前可加small, large来修饰,表程度。a number of +可数名词复数"作主语时,其谓语动词用复数形式。例如:
A number of students are playing football.许多学生在踢足球。
7.【答案】bigger
【解析】考查倍数表达法。考查 “倍数 + 比较级 + than” 结构。
8.【答案】times
【解析】考查倍数表达法。倍数大于 1 时,time 需用复数。“time”此处表示“倍数”。
9.【答案】millions
【解析】考查固定搭配millions of。
10.【答案】first
【解析】考查序数词。
9 / 9
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专题10 数词
目录
考情分析与命题趋势 1
一、考试要求 1
二、 命题分析 1
知识体系构建 1
知识点1、数词的主要用法 1
考点精析与突破 2
考点一:基数词 2
考点二:序数词 3
实战精练与提升 4
考情分析与命题趋势
一、考试要求
近年高考卷对于数词的考查主要考查:
1.序数词前通常要加定冠词the。
2.“几十多岁”表达法。
3.序数词或受序数词修饰的名词后,通常用不定式作定语。
4. 表示“第几长/宽/高/……”与最高级连用。
5. 表达“某人第几次做某事”句型。
2、 命题分析
考点
考频
考查内容
命题趋势
基数词
5 年 2-3 考
1. hundred/thousand/million 的单复数(具体数字 + 单数;泛指 + of + 复数);2. 年龄(in one’s + 整十复数)、年代(in the 1990s)表达;3. 倍数基础结构(倍数 + as + 原级 + as)
2026 年仍为基础考查重点,大概率结合 “数量表达 + 主谓一致” 综合命题(如 “thousands of people 后接复数谓语”),难度低,聚焦实用场景(如人口、花费、年代)
序数词
5 年 2 考
1. 基数词变序数词的特殊规则(如 nine→ninth、twenty→twentieth);2. 序数词前冠词(the 表特指,a 表 “又一 / 再一”);3. 日期、楼层、名次表达(如 June 1st、the 5th floor)
2026 年考查概率较高,侧重 “序数词变形 + 语境应用”,多在语法填空考查 “基数词转序数词”(如括号内给基数词填序数词),题干语境贴近生活(如节日日期、建筑楼层)
知识体系构建
知识点1、数词的主要用法
1. 表示日期
1949年1949读作nineteen forty-nine
6月23日June 23rd 读作June (the) twenty-third或the twenty-third of June
2006年10月October 2006 读作October, two thousand and six
1600年5月2日May 2nd, 1600读作the second of May, sixteen hundred
2. 表示钟点
半小时用half,一刻钟用a quarter,半小时以内用past,超过半小时用to。
08:00 eight o’clock或eight
09:15 nine fifteen或a quarter past/after nine
02:30 two thirty或half past/after two
05:45 five forty-five或a quarter to six
14:15 fourteen fifteen或quarter past two in the afternoon=2:15 p.m.
23:05 twenty-three oh five
3. 表示编号
如No.2第二,第一次课可以说the First Lesson或Lesson One, 808号房间Room 808;168路公共汽车Bus No.168;南京路1490号1490 Nanjing Road;电话号码83545601(用基数词逐个念,0念字母O)。
a No.3 bus一辆三路公共汽车,the No.3 bus那辆三路公共汽车。
4. 表示倍数
倍数 + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as
倍数 + as many(可数)/much(不可数)+ 名词 + as
倍数 + 形容词/副词比较级 + than
倍数 + the + 名词(size, length, weight, amount等)+ of
倍数 + what 从句, 如:The college is twice what it was 5 years ago. 这所大学是它五年前的两倍。
动词 + 倍数。如:The output of cars this year has increased threefold compared to last year. 今年汽车的产量是去年的三倍。
考点精析与突破
考点一:基数词
解题策略
1. 英语中没有“万”这个读数单位,要表示汉语中的“万”,英语需借用thousand一词,如“一万”用“十个千”表示(ten thousand),“十万”用“一百个千”表示(one hundred thousand)。
2. 用作基数词单位的 hundred, thousand, million, billion 通常不带复数词尾-s,但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指,则用复数。如:
About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。
Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海滨去。
3. 表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如:
He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头。
This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。
例1 Dr. Zhong Nanshan, who is already in his ______ (eighty), makes great contributions to the battle against novel coronavirus.
例2 The universe as a whole contains ______ (billion) of galaxies(银河系).
考点二:序数词
解题策略
1. 许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加词尾-th构成的,如 four / fourth, six / sixth。但需注意常见的不规则变化,如:one → first, two → second, three → third。 此外,以-ve结尾的基数词,如 five, twelve,变序数词时通常将-ve变为-f再加-th(fifth, twelfth)。
2. twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth 等表示整十的序数词,由相应的基数词将词尾y改为ie,再加-th 构成。
3. first, second, third 通常可缩写为1st, 2nd, 3rd。凡是以th结尾的序数词可缩写为“基数词+th”:4th, 5th, 9th, 11th, 60th, 128th等。
4. 非整十的多位数,将个位数变成序数词即可:twenty-first(第21),thirty-sixth(第36),ninety-ninth(第99),three hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。多位数中,十位与个位之间需加连字符。
5. hundred, thousand, million 等序数词形式为 hundredth, thousandth, millionth 等。
6. 序数词前通常要用定冠词,但表示考试或比赛等的名次时,通常可省略其前的定冠词。如:
My room is on the second floor and his on the third. 我的房间在三楼,他的房间在四楼。
He was the third in the exam. 他考试得了第三名。
例3 As the ____2___ (three)solar term in the lunar year, its name suggests the fact that animals sleeping in winter are awakened by spring thunder and that the earth begins to come back to life.
例4There are thirty floors in this building and Mr. Wu’s office is on the ________(twenty) floor.
实战精练与提升
1. Two ______ (three) of the land in my hometown is covered with trees and grass.
2. It's reported that women with demanding jobs are almost ______ (two) as likely to suffer heart attacks.
3. You’d better go home to see your parents ______________________(two) a week. They need more care.
4. Though a large amount of money _______ (use) and a number of doctors and nurses devoted their time and energy to researching into the causes of cancer, people are able to win the battle in the end.
5. A number of tourists ______ (be) to the Great Wall recently.
6. The number of students in the computer class ______ (limit) to ten.
7. This hall is six times ______ (big) than our classroom.
8. This hall is six ______ (time) the size of our classroom.
9. Movies give delight to ______ (million) of people.
10. After my ______ (first) visit to Boston, I spent almost every winter in the north.
9 / 9
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$