精品解析：北京市潞河中学于家务校区2025-2026学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题

潞河中学于家务校区2025-2026学年10月份月考高二英语 试卷 本试卷共14页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节节，30分) 第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Online gamers constantly make life and death decisions at their keyboards-but it’s just a game. A Texas gamer was faced with a real-life situation and helped ___1___ the life of a fellow player - 5, 000 miles away. Aidan, in England, was playing an online game in his bedroom when he had a seizure. His playing partner, Dia, in Texas, just put her headset on and heard what she could only describe as a seizure, so she started to get ___2___ and asked what was going on and if he was OK. When he didn’t respond, she ___3___ started to look up the emergency number in the UK. When that didn’t work, she just had to hope the non-emergency number would work. It had an ___4___ for talking to a real person. Someone answered the call and she had to force herself not to ___5___ and to stay calm. “Hi. I’m ___6___ in the US and in a call with my friend.” Dia told the operator. “He had a seizure and he’s not responding anymore. I do have his ___7___. No one’s home with him right now, so I’m just trying to get him some help.” Actually, Aidan’s parents were watching television downstairs and did not ___8___ their son was in danger until three police officers knocked at their door. “We are extremely thankful for what Dia did and ___9___ that we could be downstairs and not know anything was happening, ” Aidan’s mother said. “Dia had our address but didn’t have any contact numbers, so it was amazing that she ____10____ to get help from so far away. I’ve spoken to her and expressed our thanks-she’s glad she could help.” 1. A. spare B. enrich C. devote D. save 2. A. threatened B. trapped C. concerned D. annoyed 3. A. eventually B. instantly C. suddenly D. especially 4. A. option B. order C. arrangement D. action 5. A. explode B. complain C. panic D. quit 6. A. accidentally B. currently C. obviously D. frequently 7. A. age B. name C. number D. address 8. A. decide B. explain C. realize D. judge 9. A. relieved B. shocked C. puzzled D. bored 10. A. managed B. learned C. hoped D. promised 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了一位英国游戏玩家突发癫痫，5000英里外的联机队友火速报警施救的故事。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位德克萨斯州的游戏玩家遇到了现实生活中的情况，他帮助拯救了5000英里外的另一位玩家的生命。A. spare抽出； B. enrich丰富；C. devote致力于；D. save拯救、节省。根据最后一段中的“I’ve spoken to her and expressed our thanks-she’s glad she could help.”可知，这位游戏玩家拯救了另一个玩家的生命。故选D。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的搭档，德克萨斯州的迪亚，只是戴上了耳机，听到了一种声音，她只能将这种声音描述为癫痫发作的声音，所以她开始担心，问他发生了什么事，他是否还好。A. threatened吓人的；B. trapped被困的；C. concerned担忧的；D. annoyed恼火的。根据下文“asked what was going on and if he was OK. ”可知，Dia是在担忧她的搭档。故选C。 【3题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他没有回应时，她立即开始查找英国的紧急电话号码。A. eventually最后；B. instantly马上；C. suddenly突然； D. especially尤其。根据下文“started to look up the emergency number in the UK”可知，预料到另一个玩家有危险，Dia马上采取行动。故选B。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它有与真人对话的选项。A. option选择；B. order命令；C. arrangement安排；D. action行动。根据上文“she just had to hope the non-emergency number would work.”可知，这是可以与真人对话的选项。故选A。 5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人接了电话，她不得不强迫自己不要惊慌，保持冷静。A. explode爆炸；B. complain抱怨；C. panic惊慌；D. quit退出。根据下文“and to stay calm.”可知，在有人接电话后，Dia保持冷静不慌张。故选C。 【6题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“嗨。我现在在美国，正在和朋友打电话。”迪告诉接线员。A. accidentally意外地；B. currently目前地；C. obviously明显地；D.frequently频繁地 。根据下文“‘ in the US and in a call with my friend.’ Dia told the operator.”可知，Dia告诉接线员，自己目前在美国。故选B。 【7题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有他的地址。A. age年龄；B. name名字；C.number数字；D. address地址。根据最后一段中的提示“Dia had our address but didn't have any contact numbers ”可知，Dia知道游戏搭档家地址。故选D。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，Aidan的父母当时正在楼下看电视，直到三个警察敲了门，他们才意识到他们的儿子有危险。A. decide决定；B. explain解释；C. realize意识到；D. judge判断。根据最后一段中“ we could be downstairs and not know anything was happening, ”可知，家长没有意识到Aidan有危险。故选C。 【9题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Aidan的母亲说:“我们非常感谢迪亚所做的一切，也很震惊我们在楼下却不知道发生了什么。”A. relieved如释重负的；B. shocked惊讶的；C.puzzled困惑的；D. bored无聊的。根据下文“we could be downstairs and not know anything was happening,”可知，Aidan的父母在楼下都没有意识到自己的孩子有危险，所以他们对此感到很震惊。故选B。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Dia有我们的地址，但没有任何联系电话，所以她能从这么远的地方得到帮助，真是令人惊讶。A. managed管理、设法做；B. learned得知、学习；C. hoped希望；D. promised答应。根据第二段中的“When that didn’t work, she just had to hope the non-emergency number would work.”可知，Dia在帮助Aiden的过程中，刚开始查英国的紧急号码，但没有用，她又找到非紧急号码，由此可知，Dia一直在想法来帮助Aiden，manage to do设法做某事。故选A。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 在所给提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated ____11____ Peking University Medical School in 1955. In 1967, the Chinese government ____12____ (form) a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers ____13____ (choose). In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, ____14____ (study) malaria patients. 【答案】11. from 12. formed 13. chosen 14. to study 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家屠呦呦的出生、教育背景，以及她参与疟疾新疗法研究团队的经历。 【11题详解】 考查介词. 句意：屠呦呦，一位坚定且有耐心的科学家，1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。根据“graduated”以及“Peking University Medical School”可知， 此处是固定搭配“graduate from + 学校 (从……学校毕业)”可知，此空应是介词from。故填from。 【12题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：1967年，中国政府组建了一支科学家团队，旨在发现疟疾的新疗法，屠呦呦是首批被选中的研究人员之一。根据时间状语In 1967可知，此空应是一般过去时，动词form的过去式是formed。故填formed。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。1967年，中国政府组建了一支科学家团队，旨在发现疟疾的新疗法，屠呦呦是首批被选中的研究人员之一。researchers与choose是动宾关系，且发生在过去，此空应是过去分词chosen作后置定语。故填chosen。 【14题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：起初，屠呦呦前往疟疾更常见的海南去研究疟疾患者。屠呦呦前往海南的目的是研究疟疾患者，此空应是动词不定式to study作目的状语。故填to study。 B 在所给提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Albert Einstein, ____15____ is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived. He made numerous ____16____ (contribution) to the world, the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc². Einstein was not only a genius; he was a ____17____ (courage) and kind figure loved by many people. 【答案】15. who 16. contributions 17. courageous 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现代物理学领域最伟大的科学家之一阿尔伯特・爱因斯坦，包括他的科学贡献以及他勇敢善良的人物形象。 【15题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：阿尔伯特・爱因斯坦，或许是现代物理学领域最伟大的科学家，常被认为是有史以来最聪明的人之一。分析句子结构可知，此空引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语。先行词是Albert Einstein，指人，此空应是关系代词who。故填who。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：他为世界做出了无数贡献，最著名的是广义相对论和著名的公式E=mc²。根据空前形容词“numerous (许多的，后接可数名词复数)”以及可数名词contribution可知，此空应是名词复数形式contributions，作made的宾语。故填contributions。 【17题详解】 考查形容词。句意：爱因斯坦不仅是个天才，还是一个勇敢而善良的人，受到许多人爱戴。根据“and kind”可知，此空应用courage的形容词形式courageous，意为“勇敢的”，作定语修饰名词figure。故填courageous。 C 在所给提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A golden cat was shot by an infrared (红外线的) camera in the forests in Gansu province in early September. This was the first time that an image of this rare animal ____18____ (catch) in the Bailongjiang forest area in Gansu. The golden cat is a carnivorous (食肉的) animal ____19____ (live) in mountain forests, ____20____ footprints can be seen from humid evergreen forests to broad-leaved mixed forests at an altitude of 3,000 meters. 【答案】18. had been caught 19. living 20. whose 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了9月初在甘肃森林中红外相机拍摄到金猫，以及金猫这一珍稀食肉动物的生存环境等信息。 18题详解】 考查动词时态语态和固定句型。句意：这是首次在甘肃白龙江林区捕捉到这种珍稀动物的影像。根据固定句型“This was the first time that... (这是第一次……”，that 从句需用过去完成时)”以及an image与catch的动宾关系可知，此空应是过去完成时的被动语态had been caught。故填had been caught。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：金猫是一种生活在山地森林中的食肉动物，从湿润的常绿林到海拔3000米的阔叶混交林，都能看到它们的足迹。根据所给动词live与animal的主谓关系可知，此空应是现在分词living作后置定语。故填living。 【20题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：金猫是一种生活在山地森林中的食肉动物，从湿润的常绿林到海拔3000米的阔叶混交林，都能看到它们的足迹。分析句子结构可知，此空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The golden cat，与从句中的footprints存在所属关系，即金猫的足迹，故此空应是关系代词whose，在从句中作定语。故填whose。 第二部分 (共两节，38分) 第一节 阅读理解(共14小题，每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题做给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A A Glance of China’s Wonders Through Foreign Eyes Alice: The Great Wall — A Proof of Human Creativity Whenever I, an American history enthusiast, think of China, the first thing that comes to mind is the Great Wall. It’s not just a wall; it’s a symbol of architectural brilliance. Winding over 13,000 miles, it’s a great wonder that has stood the test of time. The view from the wall is breathtaking, with the mountains rolling out beneath you like a vast, ancient sea. It’s a place where you can almost hear the echoes (回响) of history, and it never fails to inspire admiration. Ben: The Terracotta Army — A Brief Look at Imperial China From a British historian’s viewpoint, the Terracotta Army (兵马俑) in Xi’an is a wealth of historical understanding. The life-sized soldiers, horses and chariots are an impressive display of the first emperor’s power and thorough attention to detail of ancient Chinese skilled workers. Each figure is unique, with different facial expressions and clothing, offering a window into the magnificence of the Qin Dynasty. It’s a place that makes you feel like you’ve stepped back in time. Dylan: The Li River — A Painter’s Wonderland As a French artist, I am fascinated by the graceful beauty of the Li River in Guilin. The river winds through limestone karsts, creating scenery that seems to have been from a Chinese painting. The reflections of the mountains on the calm water’s surface are charming. It’s a place that inspires quietness and creativity, a perfect spot to set up a painting stand and capture the essence (精髓) of China’s natural beauty. Clara: The Giant Pandas — A Success Story of Protecting Wildlife From an Australian environmental protector’s standpoint, the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding is a light of hope. The sight of these cute pandas in their semi-wild environments is heartwarming. It’s incredible to see the efforts made to protect and breed (繁殖) these adorable creatures, which are not only a symbol of China but also evidence of global efforts to protect wildlife. It’s a place that reminds us of our shared responsibility to protect our planet’s biodiversity. 21. What do both Alice and Ben want to convey? A. A sense of wonder and respect for history. B. Admiration for ancient skilled workers C A serious concern about the war and peace. D. Regret for the long-lost soldiers. 22. What does Dylan think of the Li River? A. Its water is shallow enough for a cool bath. B. Mountains around it are the most attractive C. Its beauty might encourage painters’ inspiration D. Its popularity comes from ancient poems and paintings. 23. Why does the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding stand for hope? A. It appeals to people to resist pollution. B. It collects money for environmental protection. C. It contributes to better education globally. D. It raises people’s awareness of wildlife. 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个外国人眼中中国奇观。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Whenever I, an American history enthusiast, think of China, the first thing that comes to mind is the Great Wall. It’s not just a wall; it’s a symbol of architectural brilliance. Winding over 13,000 miles, it’s a great wonder that has stand the test of time. The view from the wall is breathtaking, with the mountains rolling out beneath you like a vast, ancient sea. It’s a place where you can almost hear the echoes (回响) of history, and it never fails to inspire admiration.(作为一名美国历史爱好者，每当我想到中国时，首先浮现在我脑海中的就是长城。它不仅仅是一堵墙；它是建筑辉煌的象征。它蜿蜒超过13000英里，是一个经得起时间考验的伟大奇迹。站在城墙上的景色令人叹为观止，群山在你脚下绵延起伏，就像一片浩瀚而古老的海洋。在这里，你几乎可以听到历史的回声，它总是让人赞叹不已)”以及第二段“From a British historian’s viewpoint, the Terracotta Army (兵马俑) in Xi’an is a wealth of historical understanding. The life-sized soldiers, horses and chariots are an impressive display of the first emperor’s power and thorough attention to detail of ancient Chinese skilled workers. Each figure is unique, with different facial expressions and clothing, offering a window into the magnificence of the Qin Dynasty. It’s a place that makes you feel like you’ve stepped back in time.(从英国历史学家的角度来看，西安兵马俑是一个丰富的历史认识。真人大小的士兵、马匹和战车令人印象深刻地展示了第一位皇帝的权力和对古代中国熟练工人细节的彻底关注。每个人物都是独一无二的，有不同的面部表情和服装，提供了一个窗口进入辉煌的秦朝。这个地方会让你感觉时光倒流)”可知，爱丽丝和本都想传达一种惊奇感和对历史的尊重。故选A。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It’s a place that inspires quietness and creativity, a perfect spot to set up a painting stand and capture the essence (精髓) of China’s natural beauty.(这是一个激发宁静和创造力的地方，是一个建立绘画展台和捕捉中国自然美景精髓的完美场所)”可知，迪伦认为漓江的美可能会激发画家的灵感。故选C。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“It’s incredible to see the efforts made to protect and breed (繁殖) these adorable creatures, which are not only a symbol of China but also evidence of global efforts to protect wildlife. It’s a place that reminds us of our shared responsibility to protect our planet’s biodiversity.(人们为保护和繁殖这些可爱的动物所做的努力令人难以置信，它们不仅是中国的象征，也是全球保护野生动物努力的证据。这是一个提醒我们保护地球生物多样性的共同责任的地方)”可知，成都大熊猫繁育研究基地代表着希望因为它提高了人们对野生动物的认识。故选D。 B What will you do when one of the few bookstores in your neighborhood shuts down? If you’re Latanya DeVaughn, you will make a new and improved one! As a mom and writer, she had always dreamed of opening her own bookstore, so after watching another close its doors for good, she saw her chance. While Latanya said every neighborhood deserved a bookstore, actually making it happen simply wasn’t possible. What she came up with instead was to turn a bus into a bookmobile! With the help of her community, she raised money for her dream and, at the end of 2021, it came true! Bronx Bound Books rolled out in style as a bus with orange cube bookshelves. “People love the way it smells,” Latanya added. “One woman said the wood smell makes her feel like she’s at home.” Although the bookstore on wheels carries around 30,000 new and used books, it has more room than you might expect! Latanya also makes sure to prepare books with a variety of characters, so all readers can see themselves in the pages. Of course, her collection also features works of noted Black authors like James Baldwin and Alice Walker. “It’s meant to be that way,” she explained, “because I remember going to bookstores and having to look through books just to find someone I felt I could identify with.” Setting up her bookstore in a new spot each day, Latanya is doing her part to make sure that everyone in the neighborhood has books to read. That’s what Bronx Bound Books is for. “I can’t open up a bookstore on every corner, but I can probably pop up on tons of different corners,” she said. Thanks to Latanya and her Bronx Bound Books, the town is becoming a heaven for book lovers day by day. I’m sure that the little bookstore will continue to develop quickly! 24. How did Latanga DeVoughn respond to the shutdown of bookstores? A. She took over and reopened them soon. B. She set up her own special bookstore. C. She opened bookstores on every block. D. She called on neighbors to open a new one. 25. James Baldwin and Alice Walker are mentioned in paragraph 3 to show that________. A. it’s hard to store books with various characters. B. all readers can identify with Black authors. C. Latanya cares for individual readers’ need. D. Bronx Bound Books has limited room. 26. Why is Bronx Bound Books open? A. To recycle old books around the neighborhood. B. To raise money for Latanya DeVaughn’s dream. C. To make reading accessible to everyone in the neighborhood. D. To open up a bookstore on every comer across the world. 27. What does the author think of Bronx Bound Books? A. Alarming. B. Affordable. C. Creative. D. Promising. 【答案】24. B 25. C 26. C 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Latanya DeVaughn设法开了一家特殊的书店——Bronx Bound Books，尽自己的一份力量确保附近的每个人都有书读。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“While Latanya said every neighborhood deserved a bookstore, actually making it happen simply wasn’t possible. What she came up with instead was to turn a bus into a bookmobile!(虽然Latanya说每个社区都应该有一家书店，但实际上这是不可能的。她想到的是把一辆公共汽车变成一辆流动图书车!)”可知，面对实体书店的关闭，Latanya创办了自己特殊的书店——流动图书车。故选B项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的句子“Latanya also makes sure to prepare books with a variety of characters, so all readers can see themselves in the pages. Of course, her collection also features works of noted Black authors like James Baldwin and Alice Walker. ‘It’s meant to be that way,’ she explained, ‘because I remember going to bookstores and having to look through books just to find someone I felt I could identify with.’(Latanya还确保有各种人物角色的书，这样所有读者都能在书中看到自己。当然，她的作品集也收录了詹姆斯·鲍德温和爱丽丝·沃克等著名黑人作家的作品。‘本来就是这样的，’她解释道，‘因为我记得我去书店，不得不翻阅书籍，只是为了找到一个我觉得可以认同的书’)”推知，第三段中提到詹姆斯·鲍德温和爱丽丝·沃克是为了表明Latanya关心每个读者的需求。故选C项。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“Setting up her bookstore in a new spot each day, Latanya is doing her part to make sure that everyone in the neighborhood has books to read. That’s what Bronx Bound Books is for.(Latanya每天在一个新的地方开设书店，尽自己的一份力量，确保社区里的每个人都有书可读。这就是Bronx Bound Books的目的)”可知，Bronx Bound Books的目的是确保社区里的每个人都有书可读。故选C项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段“Thanks to Latanya and her Bronx Bound Books, the town is becoming a heaven for book lovers day by day. I’m sure that the-little bookstore will continue to develop quickly!(多亏了Latanya和她的Bronx Bound Books，这个小镇正一天天成为图书爱好者的天堂。我相信小书店会继续快速发展!)”推知，作者认为Bronx Bound Books的前景很好。故选D项。 C Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution. In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now — several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI — the technology companies and world leaders — so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. 28. What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. If read by someone poorly educated. B. If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C. If written by someone less competent. D. If translated by someone unacademic. 29. What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development? A. Observe existing regulations on it. B. Reconsider expert opinions about it. C. Make joint efforts to keep it under control. D. Learn from prior experience to slow it down 30. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To recommend a book on AI. B. To give a brief account of AI history. C. To clarify the definition of AI. D. To honor an outstanding AI expert. 【答案】28. C 29. C 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了坎贝尔所著《设计AI：与人工智能共存的计划》一书。该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机。 【28题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段中“such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. (这样一本书可能会像驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂，但值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将使人头晕的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔撰写的这本书是通俗易懂的，如果是由能力较差的人写的，这样一本书可能会像驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂。In the wrong hands表示“如果是由能力较差的人写的”。A. If read by someone poorly educated如果读的人受教育程度低；B. If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned如果被恶意的人审查；C. If written by someone less competent如果是由能力较差的人写的；D. If translated by someone unacademic如果由非专业人士翻译。故选C。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段中“She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. (她说，我们必须保持对人工智能的控制，否则就有被边缘化甚至更糟的风险)”和文章倒数第二段中“We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. (我们需要考虑我们希望人工智能的未来如何发展。这种结构化的思维，加上全球监管，将使我们走向伟大，而不是走向衰败)”可知，坎贝尔敦促人们保持对人工智能的控制，考虑人工智能的未来应如何发展，所以关于人工智能的发展，坎贝尔敦促人们共同努力将其控制。故选C。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution. (鉴于AI改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需采取行动应对即将到来的AI时代，这就是卡特里奥纳·坎贝尔的新书《设计AI：与人工智能共存的计划》发挥作用之处。这本引人入胜的新书为应对即将到来的AI革命所带来的挑战提供了一个实用的路线图。)”和文章最后一段“AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. (人工智能将影响我们所有人，如果你只读一本关于这个主题的书，那就是这本书)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于人工智能的书。故选A项。 D When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals. They suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans. That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then. Dr. Worm acknowledges that the figures are conservative. One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today's vessels (船)can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines (多钩长线) would have been more filled with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks (带饵钩)would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now。 Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the “shifting baseline". The idea is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield （产量）that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels。. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business. 31. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that____. A. large animals were easily hurt in the changing environment B. small species survived as large animals disappeared C. large sea animals may face the same threat today D. slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones 32. By saying these figures are conservative , Dr. Worm means that____ . A. fishing technology has improved rapidly B. the catch-sizes are actually smaller than recorded C. the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss D. the data collected so far are out of date 33. Dr. Myers and other researchers hold that____ . A. people should look for a baseline that can't work for a longer time B fisheries should keep the yield below 50% of the biomass C. the ocean biomass should restore its original level D. people should adjust the fishing baseline to changing situation 34. The writer seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries’____ . A. biomass level B. management efficiency C. catch-size limits D. technological application 【答案】31. C 32. C 33. D 34. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了大型海洋动物也面临着像史前大型动物一样灭绝的危险，人们应该根据情况的变化调整捕鱼基线以保持海洋渔业的最大生物量。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.”可知，这种生长缓慢的大型动物很容易被猎杀，很快就灭绝了，现在海洋里也可能发生类似的事情，由此可知，提到史前动物的灭绝就是为了表明大型海洋动物如今可能也面临同样的威胁，故C项正确。 【32题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线句后的“One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today's vessels (船)can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes.”可知，其中一个原因是捕鱼技术有所改进，今天的船只可以通过卫星和声呐找到猎物，而50年前还没有，这意味着在海洋中被捕获的生物比例更高，所以现在和过去的真实差异可能比捕获量变化所记录的更大，由此可知，沃姆博士说这些数据是保守的的意思是其实海洋生物量损失会更大，故C项正确。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the “shifting baseline". The idea is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield （产量）that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business.”可知，迈尔斯博士和沃姆博士认为，他们的工作给出了一个正确的基准，未来的管理工作必须考虑到这个基准，他们相信这些数据支持了海洋生物学家当前的一个想法，即“改变基线”。这个想法是，人们未能察觉到海洋中发生的巨大变化，因为他们回顾过去的时间相对较短，这一点很重要，因为理论表明，当一个目标物种的生物量达到其原始水平的50%时，可以从渔业中获取的最大可持续产量，大多数渔业都远低于这个水平，这是一种不好的经商方式，由此可知，他们认为人们应该根据情况的变化调整捕鱼基线，故D项正确。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内容，特别是最后一段中的“That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield （产量）that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business.”可知，这一点很重要，因为理论表明，当一个目标物种的生物量达到其原始水平的50%时，可以从渔业中获取的最大可持续产量，大多数渔业都远低于这个水平，这是一种不好的经商方式，由此可知，作者主要关心的是渔业的最大生物量水平，故A项正确。 【点睛】本篇第2题词句猜测题难度较大，抓住画线句后解释的原因是关键，根据画线句后的“One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today's vessels (船)can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes.”可知，其中一个原因是捕鱼技术有所改进，今天的船只可以通过卫星和声呐找到猎物，而50年前还没有，这意味着在海洋中被捕获的生物比例更高，所以现在和过去的真实差异可能比捕获量变化所记录的更大，由此可知，沃姆博士说这些数据是保守的的意思是其实海洋生物量损失实际上会比统计的数据更大。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Is Managing Kids’ Screen Time a Good Idea? Screen time is a big topic of conversation in today’s households, particularly during the pandemic when online education hours have multiplied for many students. ____35____ They hope to spare their kids from the countless challenges that technology can bring. Yet the challenges of screen time overuse seldom come from kids’ devices themselves, but rather from the tense relationships that technology can bring to families. ____36____ But technology has positive benefits too. Since every child and family is different, managing screen time calls for joint family decision-making. If parents believe they can manage a child’s screen time through adolescence, they are not only fooling themselves but also inviting relationship trouble with their teens. It is a myth to think that parents can or should manage their kids’ screen time through authoritarian restrictions, even during elementary school. ____37____ When children are left out of those decisions, they often become less communicative with parents and siblings. This is the opposite of what parents want to achieve. ____38____ From early ages, children are quite capable of understanding that a good life involves awareness and balance. Just as they learn right from wrong, and good from bad, they can also learn to use technology in healthy ways. Learning how to regulate oneself and develop healthy behaviors is one of the primary tasks of childhood and adolescence. What happens when an adult tries to regulate a child is that the child misses out on the opportunity to learn for themselves. Enforced restrictions can also make children feel helpless and less confident. To be clear, this article is not suggesting that families never use apps or trackers, or that there should be no restrictions on screen time. ____39____ Parents should give voice to children and involve them in the planning and decision-making process. A. To get children involved, parents should trust and develop kids’ self-awareness. B. To manage children’s screen time, parents have invested in apps and trackers. C. Of course, there are websites that are unhealthy for kids to access. D. The goal is to see, hear, feel, and understand how children view screen time. E. The alternative is to involve children in decisions that govern screen time. F. What it is suggesting is that parents look at managing screen time in a different way. G. However, every family needs a family media plan between family members. 【答案】35. B 36. C 37. E 38. A 39. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。围绕“管理孩子的屏幕时间是否是个好主意”展开讨论，探讨了家长管理孩子屏幕时间的弊端，强调应让孩子参与屏幕时间的决策，并培养其自我管理能力。 【35题详解】 上文“Screen time is a big topic of conversation in today’s households, particularly during the pandemic when online education hours have multiplied for many students. (屏幕时间是当今家庭中的一个热门话题，尤其是在疫情期间，许多学生的在线教育时长大幅增加)”引出屏幕时间的话题，下文“They hope to spare their kids from the countless challenges that technology can bring. (他们希望让孩子免受科技可能带来的无数挑战)”说明家长的期望。B选项“为了管理孩子的屏幕时间，家长们在应用程序和追踪器上进行了投入”既承接上文“屏幕时间”的话题，又引出家长具体的应对之法，符合语境。故选B。 【36题详解】 下文“But technology has positive benefits too. (但科技也有积极好处)”说明此空应是提到科技的消极面。C选项“当然，有些网站对孩子来说是不健康的，不宜访问”指出科技的负面影响，与下文的“积极好处”形成对比。故选C。 【37题详解】 上文“It is a myth to think that parents can or should manage their kids’ screen time through authoritarian restrictions, even during elementary school. (认为父母能够或应该通过专制的限制来管理孩子的屏幕时间是一种误解，即使在小学也是如此)”否定了专制限制的做法，下文 “When children are left out of those decisions, they often become less communicative with parents and siblings. This is the opposite of what parents want to achieve. (当孩子被排除在这些决策之外时，他们往往会变得不那么愿意与父母和兄弟姐妹交流。这与父母想要达到的目的相反)”说明孩子被排除在决策外的弊端。E选项“另一种选择是让孩子参与管理屏幕时间的决策”提出替代方案，既承接上文对专制限制的否定，也呼应下文里的“decisions”。故选E。 【38题详解】 下文“From early ages, children are quite capable of understanding that a good life involves awareness and balance. Just as they learn right from wrong, and good from bad, they can also learn to use technology in healthy ways. Learning how to regulate oneself and develop healthy behaviors is one of the primary tasks of childhood and adolescence. (从很小的时候起，孩子们就非常有能力理解美好生活需要意识和平衡。就像他们学习分辨对错、好坏一样，他们也可以学习以健康的方式使用科技。学习如何自我管理和发展健康的行为是儿童和青少年的主要任务之一)”强调孩子们自我管理的能力。A选项“为了让孩子参与进来，家长应该信任并培养孩子的自我意识”强调培养孩子自我意识，与下文孩子的自我管理能力相呼应，符合语境。故选A。 【39题详解】 上文“To be clear, this article is not suggesting that families never use apps or trackers, or that there should be no restrictions on screen time. (需要明确的是，这篇文章并不是建议家庭永远不使用应用程序或追踪器，也不是说不应该限制屏幕时间)”说明文章的意图，下文“Parents should give voice to children and involve them in the planning and decision-making process. (家长应该让孩子发声，让他们参与规划和决策过程)”给出具体建议。F选项“它所建议的是家长以不同的方式看待管理屏幕时间的问题”承接上文对文章意图的说明(What it is suggesting is that也是呼应上文的this article is not suggesting that)，引出下文具体的建议。故选F。 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节 阅读表达(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 How can we avoid food waste in our daily life? Rayner Loi has got his own way. He keeps a note on his phone with details of the food that goes bad every week at his home. That way, when he goes to the supermarket, he has a better idea of how much food he actually eats in a week, and can adjust his shopping accordingly. He believes individual action like this is important to solve the problem of food waste, but he’s also got his sights set higher. In 2017 he founded Lumitics, a company that tracks food waste on a large scale—with the aim of helping hotels and airlines, which serve thousands of meals a day, figure out how much avoidable waste they’re producing. Equipped with weight sensors, cameras, and AI technology, Lumitics’ smart garbage cans (垃圾箱) can recognize and track the type and amount of food that gets thrown out—including whether it’s spoiled, uneaten or kitchen waste. As a result, its customers can use the data of the waste to adjust the amount of food they prepare or buy, leading to a great waste reduction. For instance, Lumitics has helped the hotels it works with reduce food waste considerably, keeping more than 300,000 meals out of landfills in 2019. The company is also beneficial for its customers’ economic outcomes. Hotel restaurants often operate on relatively thin profits, “so any savings for them actually is really significant for their business,” he says. Loi got the idea for Lumitics when, while working in Singapore, he saw kids go hungry. He sees food waste as one of the most overlooked problems facing the world. “I think my generation desperately long for meaning and purpose in our lives, so we want to work on challenging problems and create solutions that will bring about deep impact for the world,” he says, “what our group want to achieve is really clear in terms of the number of meals saved and the amount of carbon emissions (排放) avoided.” 40. How does Rayner Loi know how much food he eats in a week? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. What benefits does Lumitics bring to its customers? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement then underline it and explain why. Rayner Loi was inspired to found Lumitics by his experience of food shortage in his own life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. Apart from Rayner Loi’s way of saving food, how do you avoid food waste in your daily life? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. By keeping a note on his phone with details of the food that goes bad every week at his home. 41. The great waste reduction and better economic outcomes. 42. Rayner Loi was inspired to found Lumitics by his experience of food shortage in his own life. Rayner Loi got the idea for Lumitics when/while working in Singapore, he saw kids go hungry. 43. (1)To reduce food waste, I always encourage my family to finish our meals when we eat out, or to take away the leftovers for later use. I often use leftovers to make new dishes like soups or stir-fries. This not only helps reduce waste but also lets me get creative with cooking. (2)I usually store food properly, which is a good way to prevent wasting. For example, Iensure item s like fruit and vegetables are kept in the refrigerator, while dry goods are stored in airtight containers in a cool and dry place. By doing this, I can reduce food waste. (3)Gardening is my way to avoid food waste. Backyard composting is a great way to keep food waste out of the landfill and provide nutrition for my garden. For instance, in this way vegetable peels don’t have to go to waste but to my garden or my composting containers. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了Rayner Loi创立Lumitics来减少食物浪费。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“He keeps a note on his phone with details of the food that goes bad every week at his home. That way, when he goes to the supermarket, he has a better idea of how much food he actually eats in a week, and can adjust his shopping accordingly.(他在手机上记录了家中每周变质食物的细节。这样，当他去超市时，他就能更好地了解自己一周实际吃了多少食物，并能相应地调整自己的购物计划)”可知，雷纳·洛伊通过在手机上记录他家里每周变质食物的细节知道他一周吃多少食物。故答案为By keeping a note on his phone with details of the food that goes bad every week at his home. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“As a result, its customers can use the data of the waste to adjust the amount of food they prepare or buy, leading to a great waste reduction.(因此，它的客户可以使用废物的数据来调整他们准备或购买的食物数量，从而大大减少了浪费)”以及“The company is also beneficial for its customers’ economic outcomes.(该公司也有利于其客户的经济成果)”可知，Lumitics可以让客户大大减少浪费，取得更好的经济效益。故答案为The great waste reduction and better economic outcomes. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Loi got the idea for Lumitics when, while working in Singapore, he saw kids go hungry.(Loi在新加坡工作时，看到孩子们在挨饿，于是萌生了创办Lumitics的想法)”可知，错误部分为“by his experience of food shortage in his own life”，因为Rayner Loi在新加坡工作时，看到孩子们在挨饿，于是萌生了制作Lumitics的想法。故答案为Rayner Loi was inspired to found Lumitics by his experience of food shortage in his own life. Rayner Loi got the idea for Lumitics when/while working in Singapore, he saw kids go hungry. 【43题详解】 考查开放题。根据“除了雷纳·罗的节约食物的方法，你在日常生活中如何避免食物浪费”可回答：(1)为了减少食物浪费，我总是鼓励我的家人在外出就餐时把饭吃完，或者把剩菜带走以后用。我经常用剩菜做汤或炒菜之类的新菜。这不仅有助于减少浪费，还能让我在烹饪上更有创意。(2)我通常妥善储存食物，这是防止浪费的好方法。例如，我确保像水果和蔬菜这样的物品存放在冰箱里，而干货则存放在阴凉干燥的密封容器中。通过这样做，我可以减少食物浪费。(3)园艺是我避免食物浪费的方法。后院堆肥是一个很好的方法，使食物垃圾远离垃圾填埋场，并为我的花园提供营养。例如，用这种方法，蔬菜皮不必浪费，而是要放在我的花园或堆肥容器里。故答案为(1)To reduce food waste, I always encourage my family to finish our meals when we eat out, or to take away the leftovers for later use. I often use leftovers to make new dishes like soups or stir-fries. This not only helps reduce waste but also lets me get creative with cooking. (2)I usually store food properly, which is a good way to prevent wasting. For example, Iensure item s like fruit and vegetables are kept in the refrigerator, while dry goods are stored in airtight containers in a cool and dry place. By doing this, I can reduce food waste. (3)Gardening is my way to avoid food waste. Backyard composting is a great way to keep food waste out of the landfill and provide nutrition for my garden. For instance, in this way vegetable peels don’t have to go to waste but to my garden or my composting containers. 第二节 文段写作(20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你校英语学习公众号现征集以“我心目中的榜样”为主题的稿件，请你用英文撰写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1. 介绍你心目中的榜样； 2. 说明原因。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.标题已给出。 My role model ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 My Role Model Everyone has a role model. My role model is my friend Tom. He is very helpful and hard-working. At school, he studies so hard that he often gets good scores in exams. However, I don’t do well in studying. He often tells me never to give up. He not only helps me with every subject but also tells me how to study in order to catch up others. With Tom’s help, I made great progress and I thank him very much. I think I’m lucky to have such a good friend. From now on, I will do my best to study better and better. And I hope I will learn from Tom to help others in trouble and show the act of kindness to others. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“My role model”为题用英语写一篇短文向校英语学习公众号投稿，根据要求写一篇短文。 【详解】1.词汇积累 然而：however→nevertheless 擅长：do well in→be good at 为了做某事：in order to do→so as to do 幸运的：lucky→fortunate 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：My role model is my friend Tom. He is very helpful and hard-working. 拓展句：My role model is my friend Tom, who is very helpful and hard-working. 【点睛】【高分句型1】At school, he studies so hard that he often gets good scores in exams. (运用了so...that...引导的结果状语从句) 【高分句型2】And I hope I will learn from Tom to help others in trouble and show the act of kindness to others. (运用了that引导的宾语从句，省略了hope后面的that) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 潞河中学于家务校区2025-2026学年10月份月考高二英语 试卷 本试卷共14页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节节，30分) 第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Online gamers constantly make life and death decisions at their keyboards-but it’s just a game. A Texas gamer was faced with a real-life situation and helped ___1___ the life of a fellow player - 5, 000 miles away. Aidan, in England, was playing an online game in his bedroom when he had a seizure. His playing partner, Dia, in Texas, just put her headset on and heard what she could only describe as a seizure, so she started to get ___2___ and asked what was going on and if he was OK. When he didn’t respond, she ___3___ started to look up the emergency number in the UK. When that didn’t work, she just had to hope the non-emergency number would work. It had an ___4___ for talking to a real person. Someone answered the call and she had to force herself not to ___5___ and to stay calm. “Hi. I’m ___6___ in the US and in a call with my friend.” Dia told the operator. “He had a seizure and he’s not responding anymore. I do have his ___7___. No one’s home with him right now, so I’m just trying to get him some help.” Actually, Aidan’s parents were watching television downstairs and did not ___8___ their son was in danger until three police officers knocked at their door. “We are extremely thankful for what Dia did and ___9___ that we could be downstairs and not know anything was happening, ” Aidan’s mother said. “Dia had our address but didn’t have any contact numbers, so it was amazing that she ____10____ to get help from so far away. I’ve spoken to her and expressed our thanks-she’s glad she could help.” 1 A. spare B. enrich C. devote D. save 2 A. threatened B. trapped C. concerned D. annoyed 3. A. eventually B. instantly C. suddenly D. especially 4. A. option B. order C. arrangement D. action 5. A. explode B. complain C. panic D. quit 6. A. accidentally B. currently C. obviously D. frequently 7. A. age B. name C. number D. address 8. A. decide B. explain C. realize D. judge 9. A. relieved B. shocked C. puzzled D. bored 10. A. managed B. learned C. hoped D. promised 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 在所给提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated ____11____ Peking University Medical School in 1955. In 1967, the Chinese government ____12____ (form) a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers ____13____ (choose). In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, ____14____ (study) malaria patients. B 在所给提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Albert Einstein, ____15____ is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived. He made numerous ____16____ (contribution) to the world, the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc². Einstein was not only a genius; he was a ____17____ (courage) and kind figure loved by many people. C 在所给提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A golden cat was shot by an infrared (红外线的) camera in the forests in Gansu province in early September. This was the first time that an image of this rare animal ____18____ (catch) in the Bailongjiang forest area in Gansu. The golden cat is a carnivorous (食肉的) animal ____19____ (live) in mountain forests, ____20____ footprints can be seen from humid evergreen forests to broad-leaved mixed forests at an altitude of 3,000 meters. 第二部分 (共两节，38分) 第一节 阅读理解(共14小题，每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题做给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A A Glance of China’s Wonders Through Foreign Eyes Alice: The Great Wall — A Proof of Human Creativity Whenever I, an American history enthusiast, think of China, the first thing that comes to mind is the Great Wall. It’s not just a wall; it’s a symbol of architectural brilliance. Winding over 13,000 miles, it’s a great wonder that has stood the test of time. The view from the wall is breathtaking, with the mountains rolling out beneath you like a vast, ancient sea. It’s a place where you can almost hear the echoes (回响) of history, and it never fails to inspire admiration. Ben: The Terracotta Army — A Brief Look at Imperial China From a British historian’s viewpoint, the Terracotta Army (兵马俑) in Xi’an is a wealth of historical understanding. The life-sized soldiers, horses and chariots are an impressive display of the first emperor’s power and thorough attention to detail of ancient Chinese skilled workers. Each figure is unique, with different facial expressions and clothing, offering a window into the magnificence of the Qin Dynasty. It’s a place that makes you feel like you’ve stepped back in time. Dylan: The Li River — A Painter’s Wonderland As a French artist, I am fascinated by the graceful beauty of the Li River in Guilin. The river winds through limestone karsts, creating scenery that seems to have been from a Chinese painting. The reflections of the mountains on the calm water’s surface are charming. It’s a place that inspires quietness and creativity, a perfect spot to set up a painting stand and capture the essence (精髓) of China’s natural beauty. Clara: The Giant Pandas — A Success Story of Protecting Wildlife From an Australian environmental protector’s standpoint, the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding is a light of hope. The sight of these cute pandas in their semi-wild environments is heartwarming. It’s incredible to see the efforts made to protect and breed (繁殖) these adorable creatures, which are not only a symbol of China but also evidence of global efforts to protect wildlife. It’s a place that reminds us of our shared responsibility to protect our planet’s biodiversity. 21. What do both Alice and Ben want to convey? A. A sense of wonder and respect for history. B. Admiration for ancient skilled workers C. A serious concern about the war and peace. D. Regret for the long-lost soldiers. 22. What does Dylan think of the Li River? A. Its water is shallow enough for a cool bath. B. Mountains around it are the most attractive C. Its beauty might encourage painters’ inspiration D. Its popularity comes from ancient poems and paintings. 23. Why does the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding stand for hope? A. It appeals to people to resist pollution. B. It collects money for environmental protection. C. It contributes to better education globally. D. It raises people’s awareness of wildlife. B What will you do when one of the few bookstores in your neighborhood shuts down? If you’re Latanya DeVaughn, you will make a new and improved one! As a mom and writer, she had always dreamed of opening her own bookstore, so after watching another close its doors for good, she saw her chance. While Latanya said every neighborhood deserved a bookstore, actually making it happen simply wasn’t possible. What she came up with instead was to turn a bus into a bookmobile! With the help of her community, she raised money for her dream and, at the end of 2021, it came true! Bronx Bound Books rolled out in style as a bus with orange cube bookshelves. “People love the way it smells,” Latanya added. “One woman said the wood smell makes her feel like she’s at home.” Although the bookstore on wheels carries around 30,000 new and used books, it has more room than you might expect! Latanya also makes sure to prepare books with a variety of characters, so all readers can see themselves in the pages. Of course, her collection also features works of noted Black authors like James Baldwin and Alice Walker. “It’s meant to be that way,” she explained, “because I remember going to bookstores and having to look through books just to find someone I felt I could identify with.” Setting up her bookstore in a new spot each day, Latanya is doing her part to make sure that everyone in the neighborhood has books to read. That’s what Bronx Bound Books is for. “I can’t open up a bookstore on every corner, but I can probably pop up on tons of different corners,” she said. Thanks to Latanya and her Bronx Bound Books, the town is becoming a heaven for book lovers day by day. I’m sure that the little bookstore will continue to develop quickly! 24 How did Latanga DeVoughn respond to the shutdown of bookstores? A. She took over and reopened them soon. B. She set up her own special bookstore. C. She opened bookstores on every block. D. She called on neighbors to open a new one. 25. James Baldwin and Alice Walker are mentioned in paragraph 3 to show that________. A. it’s hard to store books with various characters. B. all readers can identify with Black authors. C. Latanya cares for individual readers’ need. D. Bronx Bound Books has limited room. 26. Why is Bronx Bound Books open? A. To recycle old books around the neighborhood. B. To raise money for Latanya DeVaughn’s dream. C. To make reading accessible to everyone in the neighborhood. D. To open up a bookstore on every comer across the world. 27. What does the author think of Bronx Bound Books? A. Alarming. B. Affordable. C. Creative. D. Promising. C Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution. In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now — several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI — the technology companies and world leaders — so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. 28. What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. If read by someone poorly educated. B. If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C. If written by someone less competent. D. If translated by someone unacademic. 29. What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development? A. Observe existing regulations on it. B. Reconsider expert opinions about it. C. Make joint efforts to keep it under control. D. Learn from prior experience to slow it down 30. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A To recommend a book on AI. B. To give a brief account of AI history. C. To clarify the definition of AI. D. To honor an outstanding AI expert. D When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals. They suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans. That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then. Dr. Worm acknowledges that the figures are conservative. One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today's vessels (船)can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines (多钩长线) would have been more filled with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks (带饵钩)would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now。 Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the data support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the “shifting baseline". The idea is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield （产量）that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels。. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business. 31. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that____. A. large animals were easily hurt in the changing environment B. small species survived as large animals disappeared C. large sea animals may face the same threat today D. slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones 32. By saying these figures are conservative , Dr. Worm means that____ . A. fishing technology has improved rapidly B. the catch-sizes are actually smaller than recorded C. the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss D. the data collected so far are out of date 33. Dr. Myers and other researchers hold that____ . A. people should look for a baseline that can't work for a longer time B. fisheries should keep the yield below 50% of the biomass C. the ocean biomass should restore its original level D. people should adjust the fishing baseline to changing situation 34. The writer seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries’____ . A. biomass level B. management efficiency C catch-size limits D. technological application 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Is Managing Kids’ Screen Time a Good Idea? Screen time is a big topic of conversation in today’s households, particularly during the pandemic when online education hours have multiplied for many students. ____35____ They hope to spare their kids from the countless challenges that technology can bring. Yet the challenges of screen time overuse seldom come from kids’ devices themselves, but rather from the tense relationships that technology can bring to families. ____36____ But technology has positive benefits too. Since every child and family is different, managing screen time calls for joint family decision-making. If parents believe they can manage a child’s screen time through adolescence, they are not only fooling themselves but also inviting relationship trouble with their teens. It is a myth to think that parents can or should manage their kids’ screen time through authoritarian restrictions, even during elementary school. ____37____ When children are left out of those decisions, they often become less communicative with parents and siblings. This is the opposite of what parents want to achieve. ____38____ From early ages, children are quite capable of understanding that a good life involves awareness and balance. Just as they learn right from wrong, and good from bad, they can also learn to use technology in healthy ways. Learning how to regulate oneself and develop healthy behaviors is one of the primary tasks of childhood and adolescence. What happens when an adult tries to regulate a child is that the child misses out on the opportunity to learn for themselves. Enforced restrictions can also make children feel helpless and less confident. To be clear, this article is not suggesting that families never use apps or trackers, or that there should be no restrictions on screen time. ____39____ Parents should give voice to children and involve them in the planning and decision-making process. A. To get children involved, parents should trust and develop kids’ self-awareness. B. To manage children’s screen time, parents have invested in apps and trackers. C. Of course, there are websites that are unhealthy for kids to access. D. The goal is to see, hear, feel, and understand how children view screen time. E. The alternative is to involve children in decisions that govern screen time. F. What it is suggesting is that parents look at managing screen time in a different way. G. However, every family needs a family media plan between family members. 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节 阅读表达(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 How can we avoid food waste in our daily life? Rayner Loi has got his own way. He keeps a note on his phone with details of the food that goes bad every week at his home. That way, when he goes to the supermarket, he has a better idea of how much food he actually eats in a week, and can adjust his shopping accordingly. He believes individual action like this is important to solve the problem of food waste, but he’s also got his sights set higher. In 2017 he founded Lumitics, a company that tracks food waste on a large scale—with the aim of helping hotels and airlines, which serve thousands of meals a day, figure out how much avoidable waste they’re producing. Equipped with weight sensors, cameras, and AI technology, Lumitics’ smart garbage cans (垃圾箱) can recognize and track the type and amount of food that gets thrown out—including whether it’s spoiled, uneaten or kitchen waste. As a result, its customers can use the data of the waste to adjust the amount of food they prepare or buy, leading to a great waste reduction. For instance, Lumitics has helped the hotels it works with reduce food waste considerably, keeping more than 300,000 meals out of landfills in 2019. The company is also beneficial for its customers’ economic outcomes. Hotel restaurants often operate on relatively thin profits, “so any savings for them actually is really significant for their business,” he says. Loi got the idea for Lumitics when, while working in Singapore, he saw kids go hungry. He sees food waste as one of the most overlooked problems facing the world. “I think my generation desperately long for meaning and purpose in our lives, so we want to work on challenging problems and create solutions that will bring about deep impact for the world,” he says, “what our group want to achieve is really clear in terms of the number of meals saved and the amount of carbon emissions (排放) avoided.” 40. How does Rayner Loi know how much food he eats in a week? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. What benefits does Lumitics bring to its customers? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement then underline it and explain why. Rayner Loi was inspired to found Lumitics by his experience of food shortage in his own life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. Apart from Rayner Loi’s way of saving food, how do you avoid food waste in your daily life? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 文段写作(20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你校英语学习公众号现征集以“我心目中的榜样”为主题的稿件，请你用英文撰写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1. 介绍你心目中的榜样； 2. 说明原因。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.标题已给出。 My role model ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $