精品解析：江苏省南京市鼓楼区南京师范大学附属中学2025-2026学年高一上学期10月月考英语试题

高一10月自检英语试题 一、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共20小题，共50分） A The Queenstown Travel Located next to Lake Wakatipu and around the Southern Alps, Queenstown, New Zealand, is a top choice for travelers looking for excitement and natural beauty. Whether you love adventure or want peace, this town has something for everyone. Main Experiences ·Adventure Activities: Try bungee jumping, skydiving, or jet (喷气式) boating — all started here! If you want something less adventurous, hike the Routeburn Track to enjoy green forests and mountain views. ·Views: Take a trip on the TSS Earnslaw, an old steamship, to see glaciers and snow-covered mountains. Don’t miss the sunset over the lake; it’s really amazing. ·Wine Tasting: Visit nearby Central Otago, one of the world’s southernmost wine areas. Try award-winning Pinot Noir at vineyards (葡萄园) like Gibbston Valley, where you can see mountains from the vineyards. ·Cultural Experiences: Join a Maori cultural tour to learn about New Zealand’s native culture. Watch traditional haka shows and try hangi (food cooked in an earth oven). ·Family Fun: Go to Queenstown Gardens for boating on the lake or a picnic with views of the alps — great for a relaxed day with kids. Practical Information ·Best Time to Visit: December to February (summer) for outdoor activities; June to August (winter) for skiing. ·Accommodation: Choose from nice hotels like The Rees Hotel or cheap hostels such as YHA Queenstown. ·Transport: Buses and shuttles (班车) take you to main places. It’s a good idea to rent a car to visit faraway areas. Special Offer Book a 3-day plan before October 31 and get 20% off on accommodation plus a free skydiving video! Visit www.queenstownadventures.com or call +64 3 441 1111 for details. 1. Who may prefer hiking the Routeburn Track? A. One loving peace. B. One wanting adventure. C. One curious about skydiving. D. One interested in architecture. 2. What can travelers do in Central Otago near Queenstown? A. Try jet boating. B. Taste local wine. C. Take a lake tour. D. Watch a live show. 3. What do travelers get with the 3-day package? A. A free car rental. B. An amazing ski skill. C. 20% off on skydiving. D. Cheaper accommodation. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文，文章介绍了新西兰皇后镇的游玩项目和内容。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Main Experiences(核心体验)”中Adventure Activities部分的描述：“If you want something less adventurous, hike the Routeburn Track to enjoy green forests and mountain views.(如果你想选择不那么刺激的活动，可以徒步Routeburn步道，欣赏绿色森林和山景)”可知，喜欢宁静的旅行者可以徒步Routeburn步道。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Main Experiences(核心体验)”中Wine Tasting部分的描述：“Visit nearby Central Otago, one of the world’s southernmost wine areas. Try award-winning Pinot Noir at vineyards (葡萄园) like Gibbston Valley, where you can see mountains from the vineyards.(参观附近的中奥塔哥，世界上最南端的葡萄酒产区之一。在吉布斯顿谷（Gibbston Valley）等葡萄园品尝屡获殊荣的黑皮诺（Pinot Noir），在那里你可以从葡萄园看到山脉)可知，选项B（品尝当地葡萄酒）与中奥塔哥“葡萄酒产区”的定位完全匹配，即游客在皇后镇附近的中奥塔哥可以品尝当地葡萄酒。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Special Offer(特别优惠)”部分的描述：“Book a 3-day plan before October 31 and get 20% off on accommodation plus a free skydiving video!(10月31日前预订3天行程，可享受住宿8折优惠，外加免费跳伞视频)”。选项D（更便宜的住宿）对应“20% off on accommodation(住宿8折)”，即旅行者可以从3天套餐中得到的是：住宿价格更优惠。故选D。 B Save the rice for cooking, says the phone company, which has finally acknowledged the longstanding “trick” could do more damage. You know the nightmare situation: You dropped your phone in water — be it pool, ocean, or toilet, your worries get the best of you, although iPhone 12’s and onwards are designed to survive 30 minutes of aquatic submersion. In the urgent need of saving your expensive device from potential damage, you remember your friend’s suggestion to throw it in a bag of rice overnight. Supposedly, the grain draws out any remaining water droplets from the smartphone’s tiny crevices, saving its precious circuitry in the process. They swore by it, after all. What is there to lose? Well, as the phone company spotted earlier today, a recently updated document states that this “trick” could actually cause further issues in your phone. “Don’t put your wet phone in a bag of rice,” the company warns in the revised article on its dreaded Liquid Detection Alert, “For doing so could allow small particles of rice to damage your phone,” while the rice starch (淀粉) can block the innards through the device’s small cracks. Besides all that, rice simply isn’t as effective as other materials, such as those silica packets you already should be recycling, anyway. Among the other rumored solutions to avoid, the company advises phone owners not to use an “external heat source” such as a blow dryer, as well as leave the compressed air can in the utility closet. Similarly, trying to stuff cotton swabs, napkins, paper towels, or any other “foreign object” into charging ports could make things worse. So, what should you do if your phone takes a plunge? The company advises a gentle approach in such situations, such as simply tapping the device against your hand “with the connector facing down” to dislodge liquid, then leaving it in an open, dry space with decent airflow for at least 30 minutes. From there, try connecting it to a cable charger. Yes. They really did pull out the trusty “Have you tried turning it on and off again?” line for this one. 4. Which is closest in meaning to “get the best of” in paragraph 2? A. Make full of. B. Make fun of. C. Take care of. D. Take control of. 5. Why is it NOT suggested to put your wet phone in rice? A. Because the rice will damage the inner parts of the phone. B. Because the rice is cheaper and more effective than other materials. C. Because the rice will stick to the phone. D. Because the rice will be wet. 6. What is the suitable way to dry a wet phone according to the phone company? A. Stuffing cotton swabs to absorb the water. B. Leaving it in an open, dry place with constant flowing air. C. Using a blow dryer to heat up the inside. D. Using napkins to dry up the surface. 7. Which can be the best title of this passage? A. Placing wet phone in rice may hurt. B. Rice is a good choice for drying up wet phone. C. Phone 12 is designed water-proof. D. Approaches to dry up your wet phone. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本篇是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么不能将湿了的手机放进大米里吸水，以及提供了正确的处理方式。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线短语下文“although iPhone 12’s and onwards are designed to survive 30 minutes of aquatic submersion(尽管iPhone 12及以后的手机都设计成能在水中浸泡30分钟)”以及“In the urgent need of saving your expensive device from potential damage, you remember your friend’s suggestion to throw it in a bag of rice overnight(在这样想要拯救设备免于潜在的损害的迫切需要下,你记得你朋友的建议，把它扔进一袋米里过夜.) ”可知，尽管iPhone 12及以后的手机都设计成能在水中浸泡30分钟，但是当把手机掉进了水里，害怕手机进水引发的担忧使人们忘记手机都设计成能在水中浸泡30分钟，即手机进水引发的担忧“占了上风，战胜”。get the best of意为“战胜，占了上风”，与Take control of.意思相近。故选D。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“For doing so could allow small particles of rice to damage your phone, while the rice starch (淀粉) can block the innards through the device’s small cracks.(这样做可能会让大米微粒损坏你的手机，而大米淀粉进入设备的小缝隙后会堵在那，影响设备运作。)”可推知，大米的微颗粒会对手机的内部零件有影响。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The company advises a gentle approach in such situations, such as simply tapping the device against your hand “with the connector facing down” to dislodge liquid, then leaving it in an open, dry space with decent airflow for at least 30 minutes. (该公司建议在这种情况下采取温和的方法，比如简单地用手轻拍设备，“连接器朝下”以排出液体，然后将其放置在通风良好的开放干燥的地方至少30分钟。)”可知，手机需要放在一个开放、干燥的空间里，利用空气流动风干。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Save the rice for cooking, says the phone company, which has finally acknowledged the longstanding “trick” could do more damage.(“把米省下来煮饭。”电话公司最后声明，把湿了水的手机放进米里吸水这个“老办法”会对手机造成更大的伤害。)”和第三段“Don’t put your wet phone in a bag of rice(别把你的湿了水的手机放进一袋大米里)”及全文可知，此篇文章主要是在说明湿手机放进大米里会对手机造成损害。故选A。 C Last weekend, I took my 4-year-old grandson Oliver to the park. He had been pestering (纠缠) me to take him to the park to watch the ducks in the pond; I finally realized his wish. I went in thinking I’d be the teacher to teach him about the ducks, but that day, Oliver ended up teaching me more. He had no goals. 4-year-olds don’t need goals. As soon as we stepped 50 feet into the park, Oliver looked up at the sky, where big soft clouds moved slowly. He stood still, smiling, and found real joy in watching them. I’d long forgotten clouds’ magic: My mind was filled with things to do, but watching their slow movement could be soothing and reduce my worries and nervousness. Next, Oliver focused on the big trees, laughing as their branches shook in the wind. When a small bird jumped on the grass, he ran after it, laughing as though it were the funniest thing in the world. In that moment, nothing else mattered to him. His curiosity never disappeared, especially when it came to fallen leaves. He hunted for them, big and small, treating each one like a treasure. He only saw them as tools for play. No screens or toys were needed. Nearby, kids played with their parents, and dog walkers passed by. Oliver waved at everyone, holding out his hand for high fives with 4-and 5-year-olds, who smiled and said hi back. His mix of real words and kid talk didn’t stop him — he just wanted to connect, without judgment, or fear. The biggest lesson hit me then: live in the moment. He never asked the time, when we’d leave, or what would be next. Whether he was running after sticks, petting a dog, or running across the grass, he was entirely in the moment. That hour with Oliver reminded me of the wonder we lose as adults, and of many things we can learn from a child’s simple, unplanned joy. 8. Why did the author take Oliver to the park? A. To clean the park. B. To feed the ducks. C. To act as a teacher. D. To watch the ducks. 9. What does the underlined word “soothing” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Dangerous. B. Confusing. C. Comforting. D. Changeable. 10. What do we know about Oliver from paragraph 3? A. He was afraid of meeting people. B. He had fun playing toys in the park. C. He had a strong curiosity about fallen leaves. D. He didn’t get along well with other children in the park. 11. What can we learn from the text? A. Knowledge is power. B. Now is all that counts. C. Friendship comes from getting together. D. Nothing is more important than education. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者带孙子去公园玩的经历。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“He had been pestering (纠缠) me to take him to the park to watch the ducks in the pond; I finally realized his wish.(他一直缠着我，要我带他去公园看池塘里的鸭子；我最终实现了他的愿望)”可知，Oliver一直缠着作者带他去公园看池塘里的鸭子，作者最终满足了他的愿望。故选D项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据前文“He stood still, smiling, and found real joy in watching them. I’d long forgotten clouds’ magic: My mind was filled with things to do(他站着不动，面带微笑，从看着他们身上找到了真正的快乐。我早就忘记了云的魔力：我的脑子里满是要做的事情)”以及之后的转折以及后文“and reduce my worries and nervousness(减少我的担忧和紧张)”可知，划线单词和“减少我的担忧和紧张”并列，表达同样的意思，推知，应是“放松”之意，和C项意思相近。故选C项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“His curiosity never disappeared, especially when it came to fallen leaves. He hunted for them, big and small, treating each one like a treasure.(他的好奇心从未消失，尤其是对落叶的好奇。他到处寻找，无论大小，把每一个都当作珍宝)”可知，Oliver对落叶有着强烈的好奇心。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The biggest lesson hit me then: live in the moment. He never asked the time, when we’d leave, or what would be next. Whether he was running after sticks, petting a dog, or running across the grass, he was entirely in the moment. That hour with Oliver reminded me of the wonder we lose as adults, and of many things we can learn from a child’s simple, unplanned joy.(我从中得到的最大教训是：活在当下。他从来没有问过时间，我们什么时候离开，或者接下来要做什么。无论他是在追树枝、抚摸狗，还是在草地上奔跑，他都完全沉浸在当下。和Oliver在一起的那一小时让我想起了我们作为成年人所失去的奇迹，也让我想起了我们可以从一个孩子简单的、计划外的快乐中学到很多东西)”可知，作者领悟到最重要的一点：要活在当下。故选B项。 D In recent years, the sharp increase in global rocket launches has transformed the sky, fueled by the rapid growth of the space industry. This creates major opportunities but also raises environmental challenges. Pollutants released during rocket launches and re-entry are left in the middle atmosphere, where they can damage the ozone layer (臭氧层) which protects Earth against harmful ultraviolet radiation. Investigations into how rocket emissions (排放) affect ozone began more than three decades ago, but for many years the impact was considered minimal. As the frequency of launches continues to rise, this view is shifting. In 2019, only 97 orbital launches were recorded worldwide, but by 2024, the figure had climbed to 258, with projections pointing to continued rapid growth. Unlike ground-level pollutants, emissions from rockets and re-entering satellites can stay in the middle and upper atmosphere up to 100 times longer, since removal processes such as precipitation do not occur at those heights. While most launches take place in the Northern Hemisphere, the atmospheric flow eventually distributes the pollutants globally. Recently, researchers from ETH Zurich and the Physical Meteorological Observatory in Davos, in cooperation with Laura Revell’s international team at the University of Canterbury, used a chemistry-climate model to see how future emissions might impact the ozone layer by 2030. With 2,040 annual launches by 2030 — roughly eight times the 2024 total — the model predicts that global average ozone thickness would decrease by nearly 0.3%. Seasonal losses could reach as much as 4% over Antarctica, where the ozone hole continues to reappear each spring. While these reductions may appear small, the context is critical. The ozone layer is still recovering from the earlier loss caused by long-lived chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which were banned under the 1989 Montreal Protocol. Even today, global ozone thickness remains about 2% below pre-industrial levels, and the full recovery is not expected until around 2066. But we believe a launch industry that avoids ozone-damaging effects is entirely possible: Monitoring rocket emissions and carrying out necessary and appropriate regulations are all key to ensuring that the ozone layer continues its recovery. This requires scientists, policymakers, and industry to work together. 12. What is the current view on rocket emissions? A. Their impact will become severe. B. Their distribution is location-limited. C. They will decrease at a faster speed. D. They can be removed by precipitation. 13. Why was the recent research on rocket emissions conducted? A. To seek potential solutions. B. To look into their future effect. C. To address climate change challenges. D. To figure out the leading contributors. 14. What is the function of paragraph 6? A. To show protecting the ozone layer is possible. B. To indicate the dark future of the space industry. C. To argue that the model predictions are worrying. D. To set standards for global average ozone thickness. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Global Rocket Launches Are Rocketing B. Can the Ozone Layer Still Protect Earth? C. Rockets Could Eat Away at the Ozone Layer D. Can Ozone-damaging Effects Be Avoided? 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了全球火箭发射数量激增对臭氧层造成的渐进性破坏。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Investigations into how rocket emissions (排放) affect ozone began more than three decades ago, but for many years the impact was considered minimal. As the frequency of launches continues to rise, this view is shifting.(关于火箭排放物对臭氧影响的研究始于三十多年前，但多年来人们一直认为这种影响微乎其微。然而，随着发射活动的频率不断增加，这种观点正在发生转变。)”可知，人们现在认为火箭排放物对臭氧的影响会随着火箭发射频率的增加而变得严重。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Recently, researchers from ETH Zurich and the Physical Meteorological Observatory in Davos, in cooperation with Laura Revell’s international team at the University of Canterbury, used a chemistry-climate model to see how future emissions might impact the ozone layer by 2030.(最近，来自苏黎世联邦理工学院和达沃斯物理气象观测站的研究人员，与坎特伯雷大学劳拉·雷维尔的国际团队合作，利用化学气候模型来研究未来排放量到2030年时会对臭氧层产生何种影响。)”可知，近期对火箭排放的研究是为了研究它们未来对臭氧层的影响。故选B。 14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“the model predicts that global average ozone thickness would decrease by nearly 0.3%. Seasonal losses could reach as much as 4% over Antarctica, where the ozone hole continues to reappear each spring.(该模型预测，全球平均臭氧层厚度将减少约 0.3%。在南极洲，季节性臭氧损耗可能高达4%，在那里，臭氧空洞每年春季都会再度出现。)”和第六段“While these reductions may appear small, the context is critical.(虽然这些降幅看起来不大，但其背后的背景情况却非常重要。)”可知，第六段指出了模型预测的背景非常重要；结合第六段“The ozone layer is still recovering from the earlier loss caused by long-lived chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which were banned under the 1989 Montreal Protocol. Even today, global ozone thickness remains about 2% below pre-industrial levels, and the full recovery is not expected until around 2066.(臭氧层仍在从早期由持久性氯氟烃（CFC）造成的损耗中恢复当中，这些物质是在1989年的《蒙特利尔议定书》中被禁止使用的。即便到了今天，全球臭氧层的厚度仍比工业化前水平低约2%，而其完全恢复预计要到 2066 年左右。)”可知，其背景是臭氧层本身仍在恢复中，非常脆弱，并且预计要到2066年才能完全恢复，说明该模型预测是令人担忧的。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Pollutants released during rocket launches and re-entry are left in the middle atmosphere, where they can damage the ozone layer (臭氧层) which protects Earth against harmful ultraviolet radiation.(火箭发射和返回过程中释放的污染物会留在中间大气层中，在那里它们会损害保护地球免受有害的紫外线辐射的臭氧层。)”和第五段“the model predicts that global average ozone thickness would decrease by nearly 0.3%. Seasonal losses could reach as much as 4% over Antarctica, where the ozone hole continues to reappear each spring.(该模型预测，全球平均臭氧层厚度将减少约0.3%。在南极洲，季节性臭氧损耗可能高达4%，在那里，臭氧空洞每年春季都会再度出现。)”及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了火箭发射激增对臭氧层的渐进性破坏。因此C项“火箭可能会侵蚀臭氧层”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。 Guiding Children in Choosing After-school Activities Many children today face stress from school, friends, or competition. Nina Kaiser, a licensed psychologist based in San Francisco, reminds parents that after-school activities should not add more pressure. ____16____. Kaiser points out, “Younger kids often try many activities because they are still finding out what they like — and that is normal.” So how can parents help their children choose the right activities? To begin with, parents should allow children to join in the decision-making. ____17____. When they feel that their voices are heard, they often show more energy and excitement toward the activity. Next, it is necessary to value each child’s personal interests. Every child has different hobbies and talents (天资). If parents force them to do something they dislike, children may feel stressed or upset. ____18____. This will make learning easier and more enjoyable. ____19____. Sometimes children may want to give up on an activity. Parents do not need to decide right away. Instead, they should talk with the child, wait patiently, and think of possible changes. Through discussion, both sides can find a solution together. Lastly, parents should avoid putting too much pressure. Not every child will find his or her passion (爱好) right away. It is normal for children to face difficulties at the beginning, especially when they are still learning. ____20____. A. What matters is to study something useful B. Parents shouldn’t allow them to drop the activity C. Another key point is to keep open communication D. Instead, they should give children the chance to learn and grow E. With patience and support, they will finally find what they love F. Even younger kids can share their thoughts about what they enjoy G. A better way is to choose an activity that fits their ability and interest 【答案】16. D 17. F 18. G 19. C 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要给父母如何帮助孩子选择合适的课外活动提供了一些实用建议。 【16题详解】 由上文“Nina Kaiser, a licensed psychologist based in San Francisco, reminds parents that after-school activities should not add more pressure. (旧金山的执业心理学家尼娜・凯泽提醒家长，课外活动不应该增加更多压力)”及下文“Kaiser points out, “Younger kids often try many activities because they are still finding out what they like—and that is normal.” (凯泽指出：“小孩子经常尝试很多活动，因为他们还在发现自己喜欢什么 —— 这很正常。”)”可知，上文强调课外活动不应增加压力，下文说明孩子尝试多种活动很正常，空处应承接上文，给出家长对应的正确做法。D选项“相反，他们应该给孩子学习和成长的机会”符合语境，衔接上下文。故选D。 【17题详解】 由上文“To begin with, parents should allow children to join in the decision-making. (首先，父母应该允许孩子参与决策)”及下文“When they feel that their voices are heard, they often show more energy and excitement toward the activity. (当他们感觉自己的声音被倾听时，他们通常会对这项活动表现出更多的精力和热情)”可知，上文提及让孩子参与决策，下文说明孩子声音被倾听的好处，空处应具体说明孩子参与决策的表现。F选项“即使是小孩子也能分享他们对自己喜欢的东西的想法”符合语境，呼应“参与决策”这一话题。故选F。 【18题详解】 由上文“If parents force them to do something they dislike, children may feel stressed or upset. (如果父母强迫他们做自己不喜欢的事情，孩子可能会感到压力或沮丧)”及下文“This will make learning easier and more enjoyable. (这将使学习更容易，也更有趣)”可知，上文指出强迫孩子做不喜欢的事的弊端，下文说明某种做法的好处，空处应给出正确的选择活动的方式。G选项“更好的方法是选择一项适合他们能力和兴趣的活动”符合语境，“适合能力和兴趣”既对应上文“不强迫做不喜欢的事”，也能带来下文的积极效果。故选G。 【19题详解】 由下文“Sometimes children may want to give up on an activity. Parents do not need to decide right away. Instead, they should talk with the child, wait patiently, and think of possible changes. (有时孩子可能想放弃一项活动。父母不需要马上做决定。相反，他们应该和孩子谈谈，耐心等待，并考虑可能的改变)”可知，下文重点讲述孩子想放弃活动时，父母应通过沟通解决问题，空处应概括这一核心内容。C选项“另一个关键点是保持开放的沟通”符合语境，总领该段内容。故选C。 【20题详解】 由上文“Not every child will find his or her passion right away. It is normal for children to face difficulties at the beginning, especially when they are still learning. (并不是每个孩子都能马上找到自己的爱好。孩子在一开始遇到困难是很正常的，尤其是在他们还在学习的时候)”可知，上文说明孩子找到爱好需要时间且过程中可能遇困难，空处应给出家长对应的态度和结果。E选项“有了耐心和支持，他们最终会找到自己喜欢的东西”符合语境，承接上文的情况，给出积极的预期。故选E。 二、完形填空（每小题1分，共15小题，共15分） In my hometown, summer has many pretty things. There are colorful flowers and bright sunrises. However, the best sign of summer is not these — it is the ___21___ of the work camps. Every year, church groups come to ___22___ people to fix their homes. Most of the volunteers are ___23___ . But there’s no need to worry — ___24___ builders are always there. They know exactly what to do. Every time I see these volunteers working in the hot summer sun, I ___25___ . My heart feels full of joy too. You know what their only “ ___26___ ” is? It’s the love in their hearts. One year, I ___27___ a group was building new steps for Mrs. Henderson. There were five teens, and one adult was in charge of them. What impressed me most was how much the adult ___28___ the kids. I lost count of how many times he said “Good job!” to them. I ___29___ that one girl had never held a hammer before. She was working on a board, and bent three nails in a row. I thought the adult might be ___30___ — but he wasn’t. Instead, he spent ten minutes teaching her the right way to use a hammer patiently. After he showed her, the girl ___31___ again. She drove that nail in ___32___ . The adult looked down at her work and said “Good job!” once more. That’s what the work camps are, really. They’re not just about fixing houses. They’re about teaching kids that they can make a ___33___ . They’re about showing people like Mrs. Henderson that they are not ___34___ because there are strangers who are willing to ___35___ . It’s the prettiest thing about summer, by far. And I hope it’ll never go away. 21. A. creation B. return C. end D. facility 22. A. teach B. appoint C. advise D. help 23. A. teens B. farmers C. women D. workmen 24. A. ambitious B. seasoned C. familiar D. respected 25. A. hesitate B. reflect C. smile D. complain 26. A. comment B. potential C. promise D. pay 27. A. found B. guessed C. reported D. explained 28. A. sponsored B. attracted C. encouraged D. understood 29. A. announced B. admitted C. feared D. sensed 30. A. annoyed B. ashamed C. enthusiastic D. curious 31. A. quit B. tried C. cried D. whispered 32. A. slowly B. secretly C. perfectly D. accidentally 33. A. difference B. start C. judgement D. plan 34. A. homeless B. special C. pessimistic D. alone 35. A. fight back B. break in C. reach out D. show off 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者描述了家乡夏季工作营中志愿者为人们修缮房屋的善举，特别是通过一位负责人耐心教导新来女孩使用锤子的细节，展现了志愿者们无私的爱与奉献精神，以及对受助者和孩子成长的积极影响。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，夏天最好的标志不是这些，而是工作营的回归。A. creation创造；B. return回归；C. end结束；D. facility设施。根据后文“Every year, church groups come to ___2___ people to fix their homes.”可知，每年教会团体都来，说明工作营是每年回归的，所以“return”符合语境。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年，教会团体都会来帮助人们修缮房屋。A. teach教；B. appoint任命；C. advise建议；D. help帮助。根据后文“to fix their homes”可知，教会团体是来帮助人们修缮房屋的，“help”符合语境。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数志愿者都是青少年。A. teens青少年；B. farmers农民；C. women女性；D. workmen工人。根据后文“There were five teens”可知，志愿者多为青少年，“teens”符合语境。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但不用担心，经验丰富的建筑工人总是在那里。A. ambitious有野心的；B. seasoned经验丰富的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. respected受尊敬的。根据后文“They know exactly what to do.”可知，他们知道该怎么做，说明这些建筑工人是经验丰富的，“seasoned”符合语境。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我看到这些志愿者在炎热的夏日阳光下工作，我都会微笑。A. hesitate犹豫；B. reflect反映；C. smile微笑；D. complain抱怨。根据后文“My heart feels full of joy too.”可知，作者心里也充满了喜悦，所以会微笑，“smile”符合语境。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你知道他们唯一的“报酬”是什么吗？A. comment评论；B. potential潜力；C. promise承诺；D. pay报酬。根据后文“It’s the love in their hearts.”可知，他们所收获的心中的爱，是志愿者们唯一报酬，“pay”符合语境。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一年，我发现一群人正在为亨德森夫人建造新台阶。A. found发现；B. guessed猜测；C. reported报道；D. explained解释。根据后文“a group was building new steps for Mrs. Henderson”可知，作者发现了（看见了）这样一群人，“found”符合语境。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：给我印象最深的是那位成年人对孩子们的鼓励。A. sponsored赞助；B. attracted吸引；C. encouraged鼓励；D. understood理解。根据后文“I lost count of how many times he said ‘Good job!’ to them.”可知，他多次对孩子们说“做得好”，说明他是在鼓励孩子们，“encouraged”符合语境。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感觉到一个女孩以前从未拿过锤子。A. announced宣布；B. admitted承认；C. feared害怕；D. sensed感觉，察觉到。根据后文“that one girl had never held a hammer before”可知，作者察觉到到有一个女孩以前从未拿过锤子，“sensed”符合语境。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以为那个成年人可能会生气，但他没有。A. annoyed生气的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. enthusiastic热情的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“Instead, he spent ten minutes teaching her the right way to use a hammer patiently.”可知，他反而耐心地教她如何使用锤子，说明他没有生气，“annoyed”符合语境。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他教完她之后，女孩又试了一次。A. quit放弃；B. tried尝试；C. cried哭；D. whispered低语。根据后文“She drove that nail in ___12___ .”可知，她把钉子钉了进去，说明她又尝试了一次，“tried”符合语境。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她完美地把钉子钉了进去。A. slowly慢慢地；B. secretly秘密地；C. perfectly完美地；D. accidentally偶然地。根据后文“The adult looked down at her work and said ‘Good job!’ once more.”可知，成年人再次对她说“做得好”，说明她钉得很好，“perfectly”符合语境。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们是关于告诉孩子们，他们可以有所作为。A. difference不同；B. start开始；C. judgement判断；D. plan计划。根据后文“They’re about showing people like Mrs. Henderson that they are not ___14___ because there are strangers who are willing to ___15___ .”可知，工作营不仅是为了修缮房屋，更是为了告诉孩子们他们可以对他人产生影响，因为志愿者们的工作可以告诉像亨德森夫人这样的人，他们并不孤单，因为有陌生人愿意伸出援手。“make a difference”表示“产生影响”，符合语境。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们是为了告诉像亨德森夫人这样的人，他们并不孤单，因为有陌生人愿意伸出援手。A. homeless无家可归的；B. special特别的；C. pessimistic悲观的；D. alone孤单的。根据后文“because there are strangers who are willing to ___15___ .”可知，因为有陌生人愿意伸出援手，所以他们并不孤单，“alone”符合语境。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：它们是为了告诉像亨德森夫人这样的人，他们并不孤单，因为有陌生人愿意伸出援手。A. fight back反击；B. break in闯入；C. reach out伸出援手；D. show off炫耀。根据前文“They’re about showing people like Mrs. Henderson that they are not ___14___ ”可知，工作营是为了告诉像亨德森夫人这样的人他们并不孤单，说明有陌生人愿意帮助他们，即伸出援手，“reach out”符合语境。故选C项。 三、语法填空（每小题1.5分，共10小题，共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The vibrant Naadam festival, a cornerstone of Mongolian culture in north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, ____36____ (continue) to attract large numbers of locals and tourists each summer. Meaning “games” in Mongolian, this nationally ____37____ (recognize) intangible cultural heritage event celebrates strength, courage, and tradition through its historic “Three Manly Games”: Bokh (Mongolian wrestling), horse racing, and archery, ____38____ documented roots dating back 800 years. The 35th Inner Mongolia Grassland Naadam Festival started on July 19 in Xilin Gol League in heavy rain. ____39____ the downpour created muddy conditions for some visitors, rainfall is considered auspicious on the grasslands, symbolizing prosperity for livestock and pastures (牧场). The opening ceremony featured ____40____ striking procession (队列) of over 1, 000 herders and 512 traditionally dressed, bare-chested wrestlers circling an arena. Performances highlighted distinctive Mongolian arts like throat singing and Long Song (蒙古长调). Dynamic moments, such as female riders grabbing hada scarves at full speed and archers swiftly ____41____ (release) arrows, became popular online content. Despite weather-related delays to some events, ____42____ (enthusiastic) remained high. The festival proved economically significant: by the morning of July 21, the main venue alone ____43____ (welcome) over 200, 000 visits, generating revenue exceeding 60 million yuan ($8.4 million) — a 40% year-on-year increase. Naadam ____44____ (powerful) represents Mongolian heritage and spirit, drawing widespread ____45____ (participate) and appreciation. 【答案】36. continues 37. recognized 38. with 39. Although##Though##While 40. a 41. releasing 42 enthusiasm 43. had welcomed 44. powerfully 45. participation 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍内蒙古那达慕节的文化意义、活动特色及经济影响。通过“三艺”(摔跤、赛马、射箭)展现蒙古族传统文化，同时体现活动对旅游经济的促进作用。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：这项内蒙古自治区蒙古族文化的盛事每年夏天持续吸引大量当地群众和游客。根据时间状语“each summer”可知，此处描述定期发生的动作，应用一般现在时；主语“The vibrant Naadam festival”为单数，谓语动词continue需用第三人称单数形式。故填continues。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这个国家公认非物质文化遗产项目在蒙古语中是“游戏”的意思，通过其历史悠久的“三大男子运动”：Bokh(蒙古摔跤)、赛马和射箭来庆祝力量、勇气和传统，其历史可以追溯到800年前。分析句子结构可知，空处单词与nationally一同修饰后面的名词短语intangible cultural heritage event。动词recognize与其修饰的名词event之间是被动关系，因此需用过去分词转化的形容词作前置定语。故填recognized。 【38题详解】 考查介词。这个国家公认的非物质文化遗产项目在蒙古语中是“游戏”的意思，通过其历史悠久的“三大男子运动”：Bokh (蒙古摔跤)、赛马和射箭来庆祝力量、勇气和传统，其历史可以追溯到800年前。此句为with复合结构，即“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”，在句中作伴随状语。其中documented roots作宾语，dating back 800 years作宾语补足语。故填with。 【39题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管大雨给一些游客带来了泥泞的环境，但在草原上，降雨被认为是吉祥的，象征着牲畜和牧场的繁荣。分析空前后的句子可知，前半句“大雨给游客造成了泥泞”和后半句“降雨在草原上被认为是吉祥的”之间是转折或让步关系。因此句首需用表示“尽管，虽然”的连词Although或Though或While来引导让步状语从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：开幕式上，1000多名牧民和512名穿着传统服装、赤裸上身的摔跤手组成了引人注目的游行队伍。空后procession是一个可数名词单数，且表示泛指。其后的修饰词striking以辅音音素开头。因此需用不定冠词a。故填a。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：女骑手全速抓哈达、弓箭手迅速射出箭等动态瞬间在网上很受欢迎。空处所在的短语与前面的female riders grabbing hada scarves并列，共同作为such as的宾语，用来举例说明Dynamic moments。名词archers与动词release之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填releasing。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管由于天气原因，一些活动推迟了，但人们的热情仍然很高。空处在句中作主语，谓语动词是remained。enthusiastic是形容词，需要将其转换为名词形式enthusiasm“热情”，不可数。故填enthusiasm。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：事实证明，该节日具有巨大的经济效益：截至7月21日上午，仅主会场就接待了20多万人次，收入超过6000万元(840万美元)，同比增长40%。分析句子可知，句中的时间状语by the morning of July 21(到7月21日早上为止)是一个典型的过去完成时的标志。它表示在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作，需用过去完成时：had + 过去分词。故填had welcomed。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：那达慕有力地代表了蒙古的遗产和精神，得到了广泛的参与和欣赏。空处单词用来修饰谓语动词represents。powerful是形容词，需要将其转换为副词形式powerfully“强有力地”，作状语。故填powerfully。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：那达慕有力地代表了蒙古的遗产和精神，得到了广泛的参与和欣赏。空处单词由形容词widespread修饰，并与and后面的名词appreciation构成并列关系，共同作动词drawing的宾语。participate是动词，此处需要其名词形式participation“参与”。故填participation。 四、书信写作（15分） 46. 近日你所在的学校开展了“为建设节能型社会献一计”主题活动，同学们提出了许多建议。请你根据以下要点，用英语写一篇短文向English Horizons杂志编辑部投稿，内容包括： 1.不浪费粮食和纸张； 2尽量不使用方便筷、塑料袋； 3.节约用电、用水。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇： 节能型社会：an energy-saving society ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Our school recently launched an activity asking for ideas to build an energy-saving society. Students have put forward many practical suggestions.​  Some students advise that we shouldn’t waste any food or paper. Other students think it is advisable to refuse to use disposable chopsticks and plastic bags. Additionally, saving water and electricity is essential. In fact, there’s still quite a lot that we can easily do like taking buses or riding bicycles instead of driving cars. All of these will be definitely helpful to build an energy-saving society. Small efforts from everyone will make a big difference. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇文章向English Horizons杂志编辑部投稿，介绍“为建设节能型社会献一计”主题活动上同学们提出的一些建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 发起：launch→initiate 提出：put forward→come up with 重要的：essential→vital 肯定：definitely→without doubt 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：All of these will be definitely helpful to build an energy-saving society. 拓展句：There is no doubt that all of these will be helpful to build an energy-saving society. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Some students advise that we shouldn’t waste any food or paper.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和虚拟语气） 【高分句型2】 In fact, there’s still quite a lot that we can easily do like taking buses or riding bicycles instead of driving cars.（运用了that引导的定语从句） 五、书面表达（25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 With every step, my legs trembled like a newborn calf’s, exhausted from scrambling up the rocks. My mind was filled with self-doubt — I was too overweight, too weak, and a total fool for attempting this struggle. After climbing only one hour, I felt worn out, physically and mentally, and wanted to turn back. I told the guide staying with me at the back that I couldn’t go any further. His words were simple but struck a chord, “That doesn’t sound like you. Keep going. You can do it.” I don’t know why, but something in his tone made me turn around. With renewed resolve, I placed one foot slowly in front of the other. By the time I reached the first rest point, most fellow climbers had already left. I hurried to drink and eat, anxious not to fall further behind. Sitting alone on a cold rock in the darkness, a deep wave of disappointment washed over me. Nine months earlier, I had promised to change my life and prove anything was possible. But here, at 2 a.m., after three hours of climbing, I felt I had completely overestimated myself. This thought sparked a familiar anger one that had once ruled my life. But now, instead of letting it consume me, I would let it fuel me. This wasn’t just a climb between the mountain and me but also a proof of my rebirth. Suddenly I stood up, looked at the guide and said, “I’ll keep going.” Though doubt flashed in his eyes, my resolution was absolute. That was when my tears started. I cried not only from exhaustion but from the weight of my promise and the pressure. I hid my face under my hood (兜帽) and snood (围脖) and pushed on. I stumbled and fell countless times, tears freezing on my cheeks. For the next few hours, I climbed over snow-covered rocks, laughing bitterly at the absurd struggle and endlessly repeating to myself: just one more step. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Around 6:00 a.m., I saw some climbers heading back down. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ It took nine hours instead of the expected six, but I made it. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Around 6:00 a.m., I saw some climbers heading back down. They shook their heads when passing me, saying the top was still far and the wind was getting stronger. My legs screamed to stop, but the promise I made to myself echoed in my mind. I tightened my hood, gripped the rock harder, and kept moving. The faint glow of sunrise soon painted the sky pink—this small light felt like a gift, pushing me to take just one more step. It took nine hours instead of the expected six, but I made it. When I finally stood at the top, the view of rolling clouds below took my breath away. Tears of joy mixed with the cold wind. I didn’t just climb a mountain; I proved I could keep going even when everything felt impossible. That day, I realized rebirth isn’t about being perfect—it’s about refusing to give up. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了作者在登山过程中经历身体与精神的双重考验，从自我怀疑到通过坚持实现蜕变的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“大约早上6点，我看到一些登山者正在往回走。”可知，第一段可描写作者面对其他登山者劝退时的心理挣扎，以及如何通过调整装备和心态继续前行。 ②由第二段首句内容“虽然实际用了九个小时，比预期的六个小时要长，但我还是成功了。”可知，第二段可描写作者登顶后的情感释放与对坚持意义的领悟，通过自然景象强化主题。 2.续写线索： 登山者劝退——内心动摇——调整装备——黎明曙光激励——坚持攀爬——登顶成功——喜极而泣——领悟坚持真谛 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①继续前进：keep moving/keep going/move on ②令人惊叹：take one’s breath away/amaze sb/stun sb ③放弃：give up/quit/abandon 情绪类 ①喜悦：joy/happiness/delight ②完美的：perfect/flawless 【点睛】【高分句型1】When I finally stood at the top, the view of rolling clouds below took my breath away.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】I proved I could keep going even when everything felt impossible.（运用了that引导的宾语从句，that被省略，when引导的时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高一10月自检英语试题 一、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共20小题，共50分） A The Queenstown Travel Located next to Lake Wakatipu and around the Southern Alps, Queenstown, New Zealand, is a top choice for travelers looking for excitement and natural beauty. Whether you love adventure or want peace, this town has something for everyone. Main Experiences ·Adventure Activities: Try bungee jumping, skydiving, or jet (喷气式) boating — all started here! If you want something less adventurous, hike the Routeburn Track to enjoy green forests and mountain views. ·Views: Take a trip on the TSS Earnslaw, an old steamship, to see glaciers and snow-covered mountains. Don’t miss the sunset over the lake; it’s really amazing. ·Wine Tasting: Visit nearby Central Otago, one of the world’s southernmost wine areas. Try award-winning Pinot Noir at vineyards (葡萄园) like Gibbston Valley, where you can see mountains from the vineyards. ·Cultural Experiences: Join a Maori cultural tour to learn about New Zealand’s native culture. Watch traditional haka shows and try hangi (food cooked in an earth oven). ·Family Fun: Go to Queenstown Gardens for boating on the lake or a picnic with views of the alps — great for a relaxed day with kids. Practical Information ·Best Time to Visit: December to February (summer) for outdoor activities; June to August (winter) for skiing. ·Accommodation: Choose from nice hotels like The Rees Hotel or cheap hostels such as YHA Queenstown. ·Transport: Buses and shuttles (班车) take you to main places It’s a good idea to rent a car to visit faraway areas. Special Offer Book a 3-day plan before October 31 and get 20% off on accommodation plus a free skydiving video! Visit www.queenstownadventures.com or call +64 3 441 1111 for details. 1. Who may prefer hiking the Routeburn Track? A. One loving peace. B. One wanting adventure. C. One curious about skydiving. D. One interested in architecture. 2. What can travelers do in Central Otago near Queenstown? A. Try jet boating. B. Taste local wine. C. Take a lake tour. D. Watch a live show. 3. What do travelers get with the 3-day package? A. A free car rental. B. An amazing ski skill. C. 20% off on skydiving. D. Cheaper accommodation. B Save the rice for cooking, says the phone company, which has finally acknowledged the longstanding “trick” could do more damage. You know the nightmare situation: You dropped your phone in water — be it pool, ocean, or toilet, your worries get the best of you, although iPhone 12’s and onwards are designed to survive 30 minutes of aquatic submersion. In the urgent need of saving your expensive device from potential damage, you remember your friend’s suggestion to throw it in a bag of rice overnight. Supposedly, the grain draws out any remaining water droplets from the smartphone’s tiny crevices, saving its precious circuitry in the process. They swore by it, after all. What is there to lose? Well, as the phone company spotted earlier today, a recently updated document states that this “trick” could actually cause further issues in your phone. “Don’t put your wet phone in a bag of rice,” the company warns in the revised article on its dreaded Liquid Detection Alert, “For doing so could allow small particles of rice to damage your phone,” while the rice starch (淀粉) can block the innards through the device’s small cracks. Besides all that, rice simply isn’t as effective as other materials, such as those silica packets you already should be recycling, anyway. Among the other rumored solutions to avoid, the company advises phone owners not to use an “external heat source” such as a blow dryer, as well as leave the compressed air can in the utility closet. Similarly, trying to stuff cotton swabs, napkins, paper towels, or any other “foreign object” into charging ports could make things worse. So, what should you do if your phone takes a plunge? The company advises a gentle approach in such situations, such as simply tapping the device against your hand “with the connector facing down” to dislodge liquid, then leaving it in an open, dry space with decent airflow for at least 30 minutes. From there, try connecting it to a cable charger. Yes. They really did pull out the trusty “Have you tried turning it on and off again?” line for this one. 4. Which is closest in meaning to “get the best of” in paragraph 2? A. Make full of. B. Make fun of. C. Take care of. D. Take control of. 5. Why is it NOT suggested to put your wet phone in rice? A. Because the rice will damage the inner parts of the phone. B. Because the rice is cheaper and more effective than other materials. C. Because the rice will stick to the phone. D. Because the rice will be wet. 6. What is the suitable way to dry a wet phone according to the phone company? A. Stuffing cotton swabs to absorb the water. B. Leaving it in an open, dry place with constant flowing air. C. Using a blow dryer to heat up the inside. D. Using napkins to dry up the surface. 7. Which can be the best title of this passage? A. Placing wet phone in rice may hurt. B. Rice is a good choice for drying up wet phone. C. Phone 12 is designed water-proof. D. Approaches to dry up your wet phone. C Last weekend, I took my 4-year-old grandson Oliver to the park. He had been pestering (纠缠) me to take him to the park to watch the ducks in the pond; I finally realized his wish. I went in thinking I’d be the teacher to teach him about the ducks, but that day, Oliver ended up teaching me more. He had no goals. 4-year-olds don’t need goals. As soon as we stepped 50 feet into the park, Oliver looked up at the sky, where big soft clouds moved slowly. He stood still, smiling, and found real joy in watching them. I’d long forgotten clouds’ magic: My mind was filled with things to do, but watching their slow movement could be soothing and reduce my worries and nervousness. Next, Oliver focused on the big trees, laughing as their branches shook in the wind. When a small bird jumped on the grass, he ran after it, laughing as though it were the funniest thing in the world. In that moment, nothing else mattered to him. His curiosity never disappeared, especially when it came to fallen leaves. He hunted for them, big and small, treating each one like a treasure. He only saw them as tools for play. No screens or toys were needed. Nearby, kids played with their parents, and dog walkers passed by. Oliver waved at everyone, holding out his hand for high fives with 4-and 5-year-olds, who smiled and said hi back. His mix of real words and kid talk didn’t stop him — he just wanted to connect, without judgment, or fear. The biggest lesson hit me then: live in the moment. He never asked the time, when we’d leave, or what would be next. Whether he was running after sticks, petting a dog, or running across the grass, he was entirely in the moment. That hour with Oliver reminded me of the wonder we lose as adults, and of many things we can learn from a child’s simple, unplanned joy. 8. Why did the author take Oliver to the park? A. To clean the park. B. To feed the ducks. C To act as a teacher. D. To watch the ducks. 9. What does the underlined word “soothing” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Dangerous. B. Confusing. C. Comforting. D. Changeable. 10. What do we know about Oliver from paragraph 3? A. He was afraid of meeting people. B. He had fun playing toys in the park. C. He had a strong curiosity about fallen leaves. D. He didn’t get along well with other children in the park. 11. What can we learn from the text? A. Knowledge is power. B. Now is all that counts. C. Friendship comes from getting together. D. Nothing is more important than education. D In recent years, the sharp increase in global rocket launches has transformed the sky, fueled by the rapid growth of the space industry. This creates major opportunities but also raises environmental challenges. Pollutants released during rocket launches and re-entry are left in the middle atmosphere, where they can damage the ozone layer (臭氧层) which protects Earth against harmful ultraviolet radiation. Investigations into how rocket emissions (排放) affect ozone began more than three decades ago, but for many years the impact was considered minimal. As the frequency of launches continues to rise, this view is shifting. In 2019, only 97 orbital launches were recorded worldwide, but by 2024, the figure had climbed to 258, with projections pointing to continued rapid growth. Unlike ground-level pollutants, emissions from rockets and re-entering satellites can stay in the middle and upper atmosphere up to 100 times longer, since removal processes such as precipitation do not occur at those heights. While most launches take place in the Northern Hemisphere, the atmospheric flow eventually distributes the pollutants globally. Recently, researchers from ETH Zurich and the Physical Meteorological Observatory in Davos, in cooperation with Laura Revell’s international team at the University of Canterbury, used a chemistry-climate model to see how future emissions might impact the ozone layer by 2030. With 2,040 annual launches by 2030 — roughly eight times the 2024 total — the model predicts that global average ozone thickness would decrease by nearly 0.3%. Seasonal losses could reach as much as 4% over Antarctica, where the ozone hole continues to reappear each spring. While these reductions may appear small, the context is critical. The ozone layer is still recovering from the earlier loss caused by long-lived chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which were banned under the 1989 Montreal Protocol. Even today, global ozone thickness remains about 2% below pre-industrial levels, and the full recovery is not expected until around 2066. But we believe a launch industry that avoids ozone-damaging effects is entirely possible: Monitoring rocket emissions and carrying out necessary and appropriate regulations are all key to ensuring that the ozone layer continues its recovery. This requires scientists, policymakers, and industry to work together. 12. What is the current view on rocket emissions? A. Their impact will become severe. B. Their distribution is location-limited. C. They will decrease at a faster speed. D. They can be removed by precipitation. 13. Why was the recent research on rocket emissions conducted? A. To seek potential solutions. B. To look into their future effect. C. To address climate change challenges. D. To figure out the leading contributors. 14. What is the function of paragraph 6? A. To show protecting the ozone layer is possible. B. To indicate the dark future of the space industry. C. To argue that the model predictions are worrying. D. To set standards for global average ozone thickness. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Global Rocket Launches Are Rocketing B. Can the Ozone Layer Still Protect Earth? C. Rockets Could Eat Away at the Ozone Layer D. Can Ozone-damaging Effects Be Avoided? Guiding Children in Choosing After-school Activities Many children today face stress from school, friends, or competition. Nina Kaiser, a licensed psychologist based in San Francisco, reminds parents that after-school activities should not add more pressure. ____16____. Kaiser points out, “Younger kids often try many activities because they are still finding out what they like — and that is normal.” So how can parents help their children choose the right activities? To begin with, parents should allow children to join in the decision-making. ____17____. When they feel that their voices are heard, they often show more energy and excitement toward the activity. Next, it is necessary to value each child’s personal interests. Every child has different hobbies and talents (天资). If parents force them to do something they dislike, children may feel stressed or upset. ____18____. This will make learning easier and more enjoyable. ____19____. Sometimes children may want to give up on an activity. Parents do not need to decide right away. Instead, they should talk with the child, wait patiently, and think of possible changes. Through discussion, both sides can find a solution together. Lastly, parents should avoid putting too much pressure. Not every child will find his or her passion (爱好) right away. It is normal for children to face difficulties at the beginning, especially when they are still learning. ____20____. A. What matters is to study something useful B. Parents shouldn’t allow them to drop the activity C. Another key point is to keep open communication D. Instead, they should give children the chance to learn and grow E. With patience and support, they will finally find what they love F. Even younger kids can share their thoughts about what they enjoy G. A better way is to choose an activity that fits their ability and interest 二、完形填空（每小题1分，共15小题，共15分） In my hometown, summer has many pretty things. There are colorful flowers and bright sunrises. However, the best sign of summer is not these — it is the ___21___ of the work camps. Every year, church groups come to ___22___ people to fix their homes. Most of the volunteers are ___23___ . But there’s no need to worry — ___24___ builders are always there. They know exactly what to do. Every time I see these volunteers working in the hot summer sun, I ___25___ . My heart feels full of joy too. You know what their only “ ___26___ ” is? It’s the love in their hearts. One year I ___27___ a group was building new steps for Mrs. Henderson. There were five teens, and one adult was in charge of them. What impressed me most was how much the adult ___28___ the kids. I lost count of how many times he said “Good job!” to them. I ___29___ that one girl had never held a hammer before. She was working on a board, and bent three nails in a row. I thought the adult might be ___30___ — but he wasn’t. Instead, he spent ten minutes teaching her the right way to use a hammer patiently. After he showed her, the girl ___31___ again. She drove that nail in ___32___ . The adult looked down at her work and said “Good job!” once more. That’s what the work camps are, really. They’re not just about fixing houses. They’re about teaching kids that they can make a ___33___ . They’re about showing people like Mrs. Henderson that they are not ___34___ because there are strangers who are willing to ___35___ . It’s the prettiest thing about summer, by far. And I hope it’ll never go away. 21. A. creation B. return C. end D. facility 22. A. teach B. appoint C. advise D. help 23. A. teens B. farmers C. women D. workmen 24. A. ambitious B. seasoned C. familiar D. respected 25. A. hesitate B. reflect C. smile D. complain 26. A. comment B. potential C. promise D. pay 27. A. found B. guessed C. reported D. explained 28. A. sponsored B. attracted C. encouraged D. understood 29. A. announced B. admitted C. feared D. sensed 30. A. annoyed B. ashamed C. enthusiastic D. curious 31. A. quit B. tried C. cried D. whispered 32. A. slowly B. secretly C. perfectly D. accidentally 33. A. difference B. start C. judgement D. plan 34. A. homeless B. special C. pessimistic D. alone 35. A. fight back B. break in C. reach out D. show off 三、语法填空（每小题1.5分，共10小题，共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The vibrant Naadam festival, a cornerstone of Mongolian culture in north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, ____36____ (continue) to attract large numbers of locals and tourists each summer. Meaning “games” in Mongolian, this nationally ____37____ (recognize) intangible cultural heritage event celebrates strength, courage, and tradition through its historic “Three Manly Games”: Bokh (Mongolian wrestling), horse racing, and archery, ____38____ documented roots dating back 800 years. The 35th Inner Mongolia Grassland Naadam Festival started on July 19 in Xilin Gol League in heavy rain. ____39____ the downpour created muddy conditions for some visitors rainfall is considered auspicious on the grasslands, symbolizing prosperity for livestock and pastures (牧场). The opening ceremony featured ____40____ striking procession (队列) of over 1, 000 herders and 512 traditionally dressed, bare-chested wrestlers circling an arena. Performances highlighted distinctive Mongolian arts like throat singing and Long Song (蒙古长调). Dynamic moments, such as female riders grabbing hada scarves at full speed and archers swiftly ____41____ (release) arrows, became popular online content. Despite weather-related delays to some events, ____42____ (enthusiastic) remained high. The festival proved economically significant: by the morning of July 21, the main venue alone ____43____ (welcome) over 200, 000 visits, generating revenue exceeding 60 million yuan ($8.4 million) — a 40% year-on-year increase. Naadam ____44____ (powerful) represents Mongolian heritage and spirit, drawing widespread ____45____ (participate) and appreciation. 四、书信写作（15分） 46. 近日你所在的学校开展了“为建设节能型社会献一计”主题活动，同学们提出了许多建议。请你根据以下要点，用英语写一篇短文向English Horizons杂志编辑部投稿，内容包括： 1.不浪费粮食和纸张； 2.尽量不使用方便筷、塑料袋； 3.节约用电、用水。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇： 节能型社会：an energy-saving society ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 五、书面表达（25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 With every step, my legs trembled like a newborn calf’s, exhausted from scrambling up the rocks. My mind was filled with self-doubt — I was too overweight, too weak, and a total fool for attempting this struggle. After climbing only one hour, I felt worn out, physically and mentally, and wanted to turn back. I told the guide staying with me at the back that I couldn’t go any further. His words were simple but struck a chord, “That doesn’t sound like you. Keep going. You can do it.” I don’t know why, but something in his tone made me turn around. With renewed resolve, I placed one foot slowly in front of the other. By the time I reached the first rest point, most fellow climbers had already left. I hurried to drink and eat, anxious not to fall further behind. Sitting alone on a cold rock in the darkness, a deep wave of disappointment washed over me. Nine months earlier, I had promised to change my life and prove anything was possible. But here, at 2 a.m., after three hours of climbing, I felt I had completely overestimated myself. This thought sparked a familiar anger one that had once ruled my life. But now, instead of letting it consume me, I would let it fuel me. This wasn’t just a climb between the mountain and me but also a proof of my rebirth. Suddenly I stood up, looked at the guide and said, “I’ll keep going.” Though doubt flashed in his eyes, my resolution was absolute. That was when my tears started. I cried not only from exhaustion but from the weight of my promise and the pressure. I hid my face under my hood (兜帽) and snood (围脖) and pushed on. I stumbled and fell countless times, tears freezing on my cheeks. For the next few hours, I climbed over snow-covered rocks, laughing bitterly at the absurd struggle and endlessly repeating to myself: just one more step. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Around 6:00 a.m., I saw some climbers heading back down. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ It took nine hours instead of the expected six, but I made it. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $