专题18 名词性从句(复习讲义)(广东小高考专用)2026年春季高考英语

2025-11-01
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专题18 名词性从句 目录 考情分析与命题趋势 1 一、考试要求 1 二、命题分析 2 知识梳理知识体系构建 2 一、名词性从句的类型 2 二、连接词 3 考点精析与突破 4 考点一:连词if和whether表示“是否”的典型用法 4 考点二:that和what典型用法 5 考点三:含it作形式主语/宾语的名词性从句 6 考点四:wh- ever类从句典型用法归纳 7 实战精练与提升 8 一、单句语法填空 8 二、句子翻译 9 一、考试要求 名词性从句是高考的重点内容。高考主要考查学生能准确区分主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句的结构,明确各从句在句中的功能并能在语篇语境中,结合上下文逻辑,判断从句的逻辑关系,选择正确的连接词。 二、命题分析 考点 考查时间 考查内容 命题趋势 宾语从句 2025年 引导词what 预测2026年可能在语法填空中考查 宾语从句 2023年 引导词how 预测2026年可能在语法填空中考查 从上述表格来看,名词性从句的直接考查频次较低,但考查形式更灵活:不再局限于单独的从句填空,而是与定语从句、状语从句结合,考查学生对从句类型的辨析能力,题目依托完整语篇,要求学生在理解语境的基础上,判断名词性从句的连接词,强调“语法服务于语义”。命题趋向: 1.考查名词性从句that和what的用法区别,这是高频考点也是难点。 2.考查名词性从句if和whether的用法区别。 3.考查名词性从句who, whoever, why, where, how的用法区别。 一、名词性从句的类型 从句类型 示例 引导词常见情况 主语从句 That the earth goes around the sun is known to us all.(直接作主语) It is a pity that you missed the concert.(it 作形式主语) 从属连词 that(无实际意义,只起连接作用)、whether(是否);连接代词 what、who 等(在从句中可作成分);连接副词 when、where 等(在从句中作状语) 宾语从句 I believe that he is honest.(作及物动词宾语) We are talking about whether we should go there.(作介词宾语) I'm sure that he will succeed.(用于描述形容词的具体原因或情况) 从属连词 that(常可省略)、whether、if(是否,if 多用于宾语从句);连接代词 what、who 等;连接副词 when、where 等 表语从句 The problem is that we don't have enough time.(系动词 is 后) 从属连词 that;连接代词 what、who 等;连接副词 when、where 等(根据从句需表达的语义选择合适引导词,在从句中作相应成分或起连接作用) 同位语从句 The fact that he won the first prize made his parents very happy.(对 fact 解释说明) 从属连词 that(只起连接作用,无实际意义);whether(是否,较少用);连接代词、连接副词较少用,具体视从句语义及对所说明名词的补充内容而定 二、连接词 连接词 词义 在从句成分 能否省略 连接词 that 无 不充当 引导宾从可省略 if 是否 不充当 不能省 whether  是否 不充当 不能省 连接 代词 what(ever) 无论什么 主、宾、表、 不能省 who(ever) 无论谁 主 不能省 whom(ever) 无论谁 宾 不能省 which(ever) 无论哪个 主、宾、表、定 不能省 whose 谁的 定 不能省 连接 副词 how(ever) 无论如何 方式状语 不能省 when(ever) 无论何时 时间状语 不能省 where(ver) 无论在哪 地点状语 不能省 why 为什么 原因状语 不能省 注意:疑问词+ever,表强调,“无论......” 解题策略 1. 第一步:根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系,或者根据句式结构判断是否是名词性从句。 2. 第二步:一旦判断是名词性从句,就根据名词性从句中缺少什么句子成分来确定选用什么连接词。若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语,用连接代词。指物用what,whatever;指人用who,whoever。 3. 第三步:如果不缺少主语或宾语,要看从句是否有疑问。如果没有疑问用that,有疑问则根据句意使用when,where,why,how,whether等。 · 考点一:连词if和whether表示“是否”的典型用法 项目 用法 示例 只用whether场合 引导主语从句且位于句首 Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 她来不来都没有关系。 引导表语从句 The question is whether it’s worth trying. 问题是值不值得一试。 引导同位语从句 He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意。 引导宾语从句且与or not直接连用 He has made the decision on whether the family will move to Beijing. 他已决定全家是否搬到北京去。 与不定式连用 Whether to take the job offer is up to you.是否接受这份工作由你决定。 位于介词之后 It all depends on whether they will support us.这完全取决于他们是否支持我们。 whether和if均可场合 引导宾语从句且不与or not直接连用 I don’t know whether/if he will come or not.我不知道他是不是回来。 Karan asked whether/if I could pick up lunch on my way home. 卡冉问我能不能回家的路上带午餐。 例1Recently, scientists have started a debate on ________ the computers will “think” like human in half a century. 例2Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ________ she could do so remotely. 【变式训练1·变载体】 It is not a problem ________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time. 【变式训练2·变情景】The fact that children tell lies is a sign they have reached a new developmental stage. (用适当的词填空) · 考点二:that和what典型用法 特点 用法 示例 what是连接代词,既起连接作用又作句子成分 what作从句主语 What he had hoped at last came true. 他希望的事终于成为现实。 what作从句宾语 Her interest was aroused by what he said.他的话引起了她的兴趣。 what作从句定语 What few visitors we have are always made welcome.对不多的游客我们也表示欢迎。 what作从句表语 He is not what he was ten years ago. 他不再是十年前的他了。 that是连词,只起连接作用不作句子成分 that引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句或同位语从句。 That she lacks experience is obvious. 她缺少经验,这是显然的。 My idea is that you shouldn’t have left the country. 我的意见是你不应该离开那个国家。 There is no doubt that the wooden chair is much stronger than the plastic one. 毫无疑问,木椅比塑料椅结实得多。 注意:1.特别注意what的替代功能,what=相当于the thing/time/place/speed that…。 2. 惯用句式是:A is to B what C is to D. 意为“A对B而言正如C对D一样”。 例1The most important thing is we should live fully. 例2 we need to do is be prepared and take immediate action to ensure everyone’s safety. 【变式训练1·变载体】 the earth goes around the sun is known to us all. 【变式训练2·变情景】The photograph will show you our village looks like. · 考点三:含it作形式主语/宾语的名词性从句 项目 用法 示例 It is + n. +that从句 1.名词:pity, shame, surprise, fact… 2.it作形式主语,that作真正主语。 It is a pity that you didn't go to see the film. 你没有去看这个电影,多可惜啊! It is + adj. +that从句 1.形容词:certain, surprising, likely… 2.it作形式主语,that作真正主语。 It is likely that the sport meets will be postponed.很有可能运动会将被延迟。 It +不及物动词+that从句 1.动词:happen, seem, occur… 2.it作形式主语,that作真正主语。 It happened that the harvest was bad in 1988.碰巧1988年的收成很不好。 It + be +过去分词+that从句 1.动词:say, believe, report, suggest… 2.it作形式主语,that作真正主语。 It's said that she will go to Beijing next month. 据说她下个月要去北京。 动词+it+ n/adj +that从句 1.名词/形容词:pity, clear, important, 动词:think/believe/find/feel/consider/ make/suppose 2. it作形式宾语,that作真正宾语。 Didn't I make it clear to you that I was not coming? 我不是向你明确表示过我不来了吗? 注意:1. that从句谓语动词时态要与主句呼应; 2.主句谓语动词是suggest, require, order等动词后接宾语从句谓语用(should)do形式。 例1It is well-known the Chinese invented the compass. 例2It is generally acknowledged smoking is harmful to health. 【变式训练1·变载体】 It seems that TV programmes have helped change people think about cooking. 【变式训练2·变情景】You can depend on it she will keep her promise and arrive on time. · 考点四:wh- ever类从句典型用法归纳 项目 用法 示例 whatever 1.强调内容,意为“无论什么”,相当于anything that; 2.引导主语从句、宾语从句或让步状语从句,作主语、宾语。 Whatever she did was right.她做的一切都是对的。 Do whatever you like. 你喜欢做什么就做什么。 Whatever happens, don’t forget to write.无论怎样别忘了写信。 whichever 1.强调特定范围内的选择,意为“无论哪一个”。 2. 引导主语从句、宾语从句或让步状语从句,多作主语、宾语、定语。 Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize. 你们谁第一个到达这里谁就获奖。 Whichever you choose, the others will be angry with you. 无论你选哪个,其余的人都会生气的。 whoever 引导名词性从句,相当于anyone who,在从句作主语。 Give it to whoever you see in the meeting-room.你在会议室里看见谁就把它给谁。 whomever 引导名词性从句,意为“无论是谁”,在从句作宾语。 He was free to marry whomever he chose. 他看上了谁就可以和谁结婚。 whenever whenever引导让步状语从句,在句中作时间状语。 Whenever I see him, he's reading.我无论什么时候看到他,他都在看书。 wherever wherever引导让步状语从句,在句中作地点状语。 You can sit wherever you like.你喜欢坐哪儿都可以。 Wherever he goes, I'll go.不管他去哪里,我也去。 however however引导让步状语从句,后接形容词或副词。 However high it may be, it can’t reach the sky. 它不论有多高,也高不到天上去。 例1You can ask for help from __________ is willing to give you a hand, instead of waiting for a specific person. 例2The teacher didn’t tell us __________ we would have the next exam, so we need to prepare every day. 【变式训练1·变载体】This is __________ the famous writer used to live, and many fans come here to visit every year. 【变式训练2·变情景】He always buys __________ his mother likes on her birthday, no matter how much it costs. 一、单句语法填空 1. One thing to consider is you can turn to for help when you are in trouble. 2.The question is will be the lucky dog for the job at the famous company. 3.Reading is of great importance. That’s World Book Day came into being. 4.Word came their hard work paid off and they won first prize. 5.I really want to know you manage to keep the place so tidy while being so busy. 6.Just as I was going downstairs, it struck me I had left the door unlocked. 7.There is no doubt hard work leads to success in the long term. 8. It remains unknown he will be admitted to Fudan University. 9. he carried his living before is not clear to us. 10. he spied on me puzzled me for a long time. 11. lifestyle is the most beneficial to our health is still unknown. 12. It is still doubtful she will play the role. 13. I have no idea we will spend our holiday. 14.They tip between 15% and 20% of the bill, depending on good the service is. 15.“My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat I want with a fingertip on my phone,” said a university student. 16.So I decided to study history at college, trying to figure out people lived long ago. 17.To him, Wudang has now become a second home and martial arts and traditional Chinese culture are his “lifetime passion” settled. 18.It is unwise to give their child wants. 19. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is I disagree. 20. You can find out or not they are prepared to share the cost of the flowers with you. 二、句子翻译 1.吸引世界各地自然爱好者的是非洲广袤的草原和迷人的景色。 from all over the world is the vast African prairie and fascinating scenery. 2.让我们留下深刻印象的是她在困境中展现出的勇气。 is that she showed great courage in difficult situations. 3.最要紧的是我们在面对挑战时永不放弃。 is that we never give up when facing challenges. 4.这些雕塑是独一无二,而且有创造性的。那就是人们高度评价它们的原因。 These sculptures are unique and creative. people think highly of them. 5.我非常认真地考虑自己选什么课程。 I had to think very carefully about . 6.最重要的是你是否会玩得开心。 The most important thing is . 7.他全力以赴准备运动会。那就是为什么他能得冠军。(冠军: championship) 8.老师建议我们参加英语辩论社以提高英语口语。 (recommend that…) 9.毫无疑问,许多人倾向于依赖数字工具做研究。(doubt) 10.她在演讲上说的话深深地鼓舞了我。 11.最令我开心的是,我坚持到了最后。 12.我很感激你为我所做的事。 13.众所周知,教育对个人的发展起着重要作用。 14.我们要批判性地看待网上所读到的东西。(critical,宾语从句) 15. 我写信是想问,我能不能在你的美术馆做志愿者。(宾语从句) _________________________________________________________________________________ 7 / 18 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题18 名词性从句 目录 考情分析与命题趋势 1 一、考试要求 1 二、命题分析 2 知识梳理知识体系构建 2 一、名词性从句的类型 2 二、连接词 3 考点精析与突破 3 考点一:连词if和whether表示“是否”的典型用法 4 考点二:that和what典型用法 5 考点三:含it作形式主语/宾语的名词性从句 6 考点四:wh- ever类从句典型用法归纳 7 实战精练与提升 8 一、单句语法填空 9 二、句子翻译 12 一、考试要求 名词性从句是高考的重点内容。高考主要考查学生能准确区分主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句的结构,明确各从句在句中的功能并能在语篇语境中,结合上下文逻辑,判断从句的逻辑关系,选择正确的连接词。 二、命题分析 考点 考查时间 考查内容 命题趋势 宾语从句 2025年 引导词what 预测2026年可能在语法填空中考查 宾语从句 2023年 引导词how 预测2026年可能在语法填空中考查 从上述表格来看,名词性从句的直接考查频次较低,但考查形式更灵活:不再局限于单独的从句填空,而是与定语从句、状语从句结合,考查学生对从句类型的辨析能力,题目依托完整语篇,要求学生在理解语境的基础上,判断名词性从句的连接词,强调“语法服务于语义”。命题趋向: 1.考查名词性从句that和what的用法区别,这是高频考点也是难点。 2.考查名词性从句if和whether的用法区别。 3.考查名词性从句who, whoever, why, where, how的用法区别。 一、名词性从句的类型 从句类型 示例 引导词常见情况 主语从句 That the earth goes around the sun is known to us all.(直接作主语) It is a pity that you missed the concert.(it 作形式主语) 从属连词 that(无实际意义,只起连接作用)、whether(是否);连接代词 what、who 等(在从句中可作成分);连接副词 when、where 等(在从句中作状语) 宾语从句 I believe that he is honest.(作及物动词宾语) We are talking about whether we should go there.(作介词宾语) I'm sure that he will succeed.(用于描述形容词的具体原因或情况) 从属连词 that(常可省略)、whether、if(是否,if 多用于宾语从句);连接代词 what、who 等;连接副词 when、where 等 表语从句 The problem is that we don't have enough time.(系动词 is 后) 从属连词 that;连接代词 what、who 等;连接副词 when、where 等(根据从句需表达的语义选择合适引导词,在从句中作相应成分或起连接作用) 同位语从句 The fact that he won the first prize made his parents very happy.(对 fact 解释说明) 从属连词 that(只起连接作用,无实际意义);whether(是否,较少用);连接代词、连接副词较少用,具体视从句语义及对所说明名词的补充内容而定 二、连接词 连接词 词义 在从句成分 能否省略 连接词 that 无 不充当 引导宾从可省略 if 是否 不充当 不能省 whether  是否 不充当 不能省 连接 代词 what(ever) 无论什么 主、宾、表、 不能省 who(ever) 无论谁 主 不能省 whom(ever) 无论谁 宾 不能省 which(ever) 无论哪个 主、宾、表、定 不能省 whose 谁的 定 不能省 连接 副词 how(ever) 无论如何 方式状语 不能省 when(ever) 无论何时 时间状语 不能省 where(ver) 无论在哪 地点状语 不能省 why 为什么 原因状语 不能省 注意:疑问词+ever,表强调,“无论......” 解题策略 1. 第一步:根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系,或者根据句式结构判断是否是名词性从句。 2. 第二步:一旦判断是名词性从句,就根据名词性从句中缺少什么句子成分来确定选用什么连接词。若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语,用连接代词。指物用what,whatever;指人用who,whoever。 3. 第三步:如果不缺少主语或宾语,要看从句是否有疑问。如果没有疑问用that,有疑问则根据句意使用when,where,why,how,whether等。 · 考点一:连词if和whether表示“是否”的典型用法 项目 用法 示例 只用whether场合 引导主语从句且位于句首 Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 她来不来都没有关系。 引导表语从句 The question is whether it’s worth trying. 问题是值不值得一试。 引导同位语从句 He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意。 引导宾语从句且与or not直接连用 He has made the decision on whether the family will move to Beijing. 他已决定全家是否搬到北京去。 与不定式连用 Whether to take the job offer is up to you.是否接受这份工作由你决定。 位于介词之后 It all depends on whether they will support us.这完全取决于他们是否支持我们。 whether和if均可场合 引导宾语从句且不与or not直接连用 I don’t know whether/if he will come or not.我不知道他是不是回来。 Karan asked whether/if I could pick up lunch on my way home. 卡冉问我能不能回家的路上带午餐。 例1Recently, scientists have started a debate on ________ the computers will “think” like human in half a century. 【答案】whether 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:最近,科学家们开始就计算机是否会在半个世纪后像人类一样“思考”展开辩论。A. where哪里;B. whether是否;C. whose谁的;D. which哪一个。根据句意可知,此处是表示“是否”,用连接代词whether引导宾语从句。故填whether。 例2Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ________ she could do so remotely. 【答案】if/whether 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:对于她的出席,Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句,宾语从句句意不完整,whether/if“是否”符合语境,故填whether或if。 【变式训练1·变载体】 It is not a problem ________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time. 【答案】 whether 【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题;这只是时间问题。根据下文it’s just a matter of time可知,此处指”我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”,it是形式主语,whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故填whether。 【变式训练2·变情景】The fact that children tell lies is a sign they have reached a new developmental stage. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:孩子们说谎这一事实表明他们已经达到了一个新的发展阶段。分析句子结构可知,空后they have reached a new developmental stage是对前面名词a sign内容的具体补充说明,二者为同位关系,故此处为同位语从句,且从句句意完整、成分齐全,应用that引导同位语从句。故填that。 · 考点二:that和what典型用法 特点 用法 示例 what是连接代词,既起连接作用又作句子成分 what作从句主语 What he had hoped at last came true. 他希望的事终于成为现实。 what作从句宾语 Her interest was aroused by what he said.他的话引起了她的兴趣。 what作从句定语 What few visitors we have are always made welcome.对不多的游客我们也表示欢迎。 what作从句表语 He is not what he was ten years ago. 他不再是十年前的他了。 that是连词,只起连接作用不作句子成分 that引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句或同位语从句。 That she lacks experience is obvious. 她缺少经验,这是显然的。 My idea is that you shouldn’t have left the country. 我的意见是你不应该离开那个国家。 There is no doubt that the wooden chair is much stronger than the plastic one. 毫无疑问,木椅比塑料椅结实得多。 注意:1.特别注意what的替代功能,what=相当于the thing/time/place/speed that…。 2. 惯用句式是:A is to B what C is to D. 意为“A对B而言正如C对D一样”。 例1The most important thing is we should live fully. 【答案】that 【解析】考查连接词。句意:最重要的是我们应该充分生活。空处为表语从句,句意和句子结构完整,连接词为that。故填that。 例2 we need to do is be prepared and take immediate action to ensure everyone’s safety. 【答案】What 【解析】考查主语从句引导词。句意:我们需要做的是做好准备,立即采取行动,确保每个人的安全。“______ we need to do”为主语从句,从句中动词“do”缺少宾语,表示“(需要做的)事情”,用连接代词what作引导词;句首单词首字母大写。故填What。 【变式训练1·变载体】 the earth goes around the sun is known to us all. 【答案】That 【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们都知道地球绕着太阳转。此处为主语从句的引导词,空后的句子the earth goes around the sun结构完整,应用引导词that,空处位于句首,首字母需大写。故填That。 【变式训练2·变情景】The photograph will show you our village looks like. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:这张照片将会给你展示我们村庄的面貌。分析句子可知,此处引导宾语从句,从句中缺少like的宾语,表示“什么样子”,故用what来引导。故填what。 · 考点三:含it作形式主语/宾语的名词性从句 项目 用法 示例 It is + n. +that从句 1.名词:pity, shame, surprise, fact… 2.it作形式主语,that作真正主语。 It is a pity that you didn't go to see the film. 你没有去看这个电影,多可惜啊! It is + adj. +that从句 1.形容词:certain, surprising, likely… 2.it作形式主语,that作真正主语。 It is likely that the sport meets will be postponed.很有可能运动会将被延迟。 It +不及物动词+that从句 1.动词:happen, seem, occur… 2.it作形式主语,that作真正主语。 It happened that the harvest was bad in 1988.碰巧1988年的收成很不好。 It + be +过去分词+that从句 1.动词:say, believe, report, suggest… 2.it作形式主语,that作真正主语。 It's said that she will go to Beijing next month. 据说她下个月要去北京。 动词+it+ n/adj +that从句 1.名词/形容词:pity, clear, important, 动词:think/believe/find/feel/consider/ make/suppose 2. it作形式宾语,that作真正宾语。 Didn't I make it clear to you that I was not coming? 我不是向你明确表示过我不来了吗? 注意:1. that从句谓语动词时态要与主句呼应; 2.主句谓语动词是suggest, require, order等动词后接宾语从句谓语用(should)do形式。 例1It is well-known the Chinese invented the compass. 【答案】that 【解析】考查主语从句。句意:众所周知,中国人发明了指南针。此处It作形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句,that在从句中不作任何语法成分,只起连接作用。故填that。 例2It is generally acknowledged smoking is harmful to health. 【答案】that 【解析】考查主语从句。句意:人们普遍认为吸烟有害健康。It is generally acknowledged that...是固定句型,意为“人们普遍认为”,其中it是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句,故填that。 【变式训练1·变载体】 It seems that TV programmes have helped change people think about cooking. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:电视节目似乎帮助改变了人们对烹饪的看法。引导宾语从句,从句缺少宾语,故用what。故填what。 【变式训练2·变情景】You can depend on it she will keep her promise and arrive on time. 【答案】that 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:你可以相信她会信守承诺并准时到达。分析句子结构可知,it在句中作形式宾语,真正的宾语是... she will keep her promise and arrive on time,句意和语法成分完整,因此用that引导宾语从句。depend on it that...是固定句型,意为“相信……;指望……”。故填that。 · 考点四:wh- ever类从句典型用法归纳 项目 用法 示例 whatever 1.强调内容,意为“无论什么”,相当于anything that; 2.引导主语从句、宾语从句或让步状语从句,作主语、宾语。 Whatever she did was right.她做的一切都是对的。 Do whatever you like. 你喜欢做什么就做什么。 Whatever happens, don’t forget to write.无论怎样别忘了写信。 whichever 1.强调特定范围内的选择,意为“无论哪一个”。 2. 引导主语从句、宾语从句或让步状语从句,多作主语、宾语、定语。 Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize. 你们谁第一个到达这里谁就获奖。 Whichever you choose, the others will be angry with you. 无论你选哪个,其余的人都会生气的。 whoever 引导名词性从句,相当于anyone who,在从句作主语。 Give it to whoever you see in the meeting-room.你在会议室里看见谁就把它给谁。 whomever 引导名词性从句,意为“无论是谁”,在从句作宾语。 He was free to marry whomever he chose. 他看上了谁就可以和谁结婚。 whenever whenever引导让步状语从句,在句中作时间状语。 Whenever I see him, he's reading.我无论什么时候看到他,他都在看书。 wherever wherever引导让步状语从句,在句中作地点状语。 You can sit wherever you like.你喜欢坐哪儿都可以。 Wherever he goes, I'll go.不管他去哪里,我也去。 however however引导让步状语从句,后接形容词或副词。 However high it may be, it can’t reach the sky. 它不论有多高,也高不到天上去。 例1You can ask for help from __________ is willing to give you a hand, instead of waiting for a specific person. 【答案】whoever 【解析】句子需要一个词指代 “任何愿意帮你的人”,表泛指。“whoever” 在宾语从句中作主语,强调 “所有符合条件的人”;若用 “who”,则变成单纯疑问 “谁愿意帮你”,不符合 “不局限特定人” 的语境。故填whoever。 例2The teacher didn’t tell us __________ we would have the next exam, so we need to prepare every day. 【答案】when 【解析】解析:从句表达 “老师没告诉我们下次考试的时间”,需明确 “具体何时”,用 “when” 表特定时间;“whenever” 表 “无论何时”,代入后语义变成 “没说无论何时考试”,与 “需要每天准备”的逻辑矛盾。故填when。 【变式训练1·变载体】This is __________ the famous writer used to live, and many fans come here to visit every year. 【答案】where 【解析】句子特指 “这位著名作家过去居住的地方”,是具体地点,用 “where” 引导表语从句;“wherever” 表 “任何地方”,若代入则变成 “这是任何地方”,与 “许多粉丝来参观” 的特定场景不符。故填where。 【变式训练2·变情景】He always buys __________ his mother likes on her birthday, no matter how much it costs. 【答案】whatever 【解析】空格处需指代 “妈妈喜欢的任何东西”,表泛指所有物品。“whatever” 在宾语从句中作宾语,强调 “不限制具体事物”;“what” 表 “什么东西”,代入后语义局限于 “某一件特定物品”,与 “无论多贵都买” 泛指逻辑不符。故填whatever。 战训 练 一、单句语法填空 1. One thing to consider is you can turn to for help when you are in trouble. 【答案】who/whom 【解析】考查表语从句。句意:需要考虑的一点是,当你遇到困难时,你可以向谁寻求帮助。引导表语从句,从句缺少宾语,指人,故填who/whom。 2.The question is will be the lucky dog for the job at the famous company. 【答案】who 【解析】考查表语从句。句意:问题是谁会成为这家著名公司这份工作的幸运儿。空处引导表语从句,从句中缺少主语,且指代“人”,表示“谁”,应用连接代词who。故填who。 3.Reading is of great importance. That’s World Book Day came into being. 【答案】why 【解析】考查表语从句。句意:阅读很重要。这就是为什么人们要设立“世界读书日”。此处为固定句式“that’s why+事情的结果”,表示“这就是为什么……”,why引导表语从句。故填why。 4.Word came their hard work paid off and they won first prize. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:消息传来,他们的努力得到了回报,他们获得了一等奖。空处引导同位语从句,解释抽象名词word的具体内容;从句不缺成分,且语义完整,故使用引导词that。故填that。 5.I really want to know you manage to keep the place so tidy while being so busy. 【答案】how 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:我真的很想知道你是怎么在这么忙的同时把这个地方保持得这么整洁的。设空处引导宾语从句,从句缺少方式状语,故用how引导该从句。故填how。 6.Just as I was going downstairs, it struck me I had left the door unlocked. 【答案】that 【解析】考查固定句型。句意:就在我下楼的时候,我突然想起我忘记锁门。it struck me that“我突然想到”,固定句型,it是形式主语,that引导的主语从句是真正的主语,故填that。 7.There is no doubt hard work leads to success in the long term. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句和固定句型。句意:毫无疑问,从长远来看,努力工作会带来成功。引导同位语从句,从句句意、结构完整,用连接词that引导;There is no doubt that...是固定句型,意为“毫无疑问……”。故填that。 8. It remains unknown he will be admitted to Fudan University. 【答案】whether 【解析】考查主语从句。句意:他是否会被复旦大学录取仍然未知。It为形式主语,本空引导主语从句,且表示“是否”,用whether引导。故填whether。 9. he carried his living before is not clear to us. 【答案】How 【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们不清楚他以前是怎样生活的。is前面为主语从句,从句结构完整,根据句意,缺少“如何”,用how,放在句首,首字母大写。故填How。 10. he spied on me puzzled me for a long time. 【答案】Why 【解析】考查主语从句。句意:他为什么监视我让我困惑了很久。 空处引导主语从句,在句中作原因状语,意为“为什么”,用why引导主语从句,且空处位于句首,需首字母大写。故填Why。 11. lifestyle is the most beneficial to our health is still unknown. 【答案】Which 【解析】考查主语从句的引导词。句意:哪种生活方式对我们的健康最有益还不得而知。设空处引导主语从句且在句中作定语,表示“哪一种”应用which。故填which。 12.It is still doubtful she will play the role. 【答案】whether/if 【解析】考查主语从句。句意:她是否会出演这个角色还是个疑问。It为形式主语,空处引导主语从句作真正主语,结合still doubtful可知,从句不缺少成分,句子结构完整,空处表示“是否”用whether/if。故填whether/if。 13.I have no idea we will spend our holiday. 【答案】where 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:我不知道我们要在哪里度假。本空引导同位语从句,对抽象名词idea的具体内容进行解释说明;从句中缺少地点状语,应用连接副词where引导。故填where。 14.They tip between 15% and 20% of the bill, depending on good the service is. 【答案】how 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:他们给的小费占账单的15%到20%,具体取决于服务有多好。空格处引导的是宾语从句,从句中缺少状语,表示“多么”,用how引导宾语从句,故填how。 15.“My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat I want with a fingertip on my phone,” said a university student. 【答案】whatever 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:“我的钱包不再用了。我只要在手机屏幕上用指尖点击一下,就可以买任何我想买的东西,吃任何我想吃的东西,”一名大学生说。“____ I want with a fingertip on my phone”是宾语从句,从句中缺少want的宾语,表示“无论什么”,用whatever引导,故填whatever。 16.So I decided to study history at college, trying to figure out people lived long ago. 【答案】how 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:所以我决定在大学学习历史,试图弄清楚很久以前人们是如何生活的。空格处引导的是宾语从句,从句中缺少状语,表示“如何”,用how引导宾语从句,故填how。 17.To him, Wudang has now become a second home and martial arts and traditional Chinese culture are his “lifetime passion” settled. 【答案】where 【解析】考查表语从句。句意:对他来说,武当如今已成为第二故乡,而武术与中国传统文化则是他“毕生热爱”的寄托之处。这里考查表语从句,从句中“his ‘lifetime passion’ settled”主谓结构完整,但缺少地点状语,需用连接副词where引导。故填where。 18.It is unwise to give their child wants. 【答案】whatever 【解析】考查名词性从句、代词。句意:孩子想要什么就给什么是不明智的。give后为宾语从句,从句中缺少宾语,且表示“无论什么”,应用连接代词whatever引导该从句。故填whatever。 19.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is I disagree. 【答案】where 【解析】考查连接词。句意:你说每个人都应该平等,而这正是我不同意的地方。分析句子可知,设空处引导表语从句,从句中“disagree”是不及物动词,不缺宾语,结合句意“不同意的地方”,需用连接词“where”在从句中作地点状语,符合语境。故填where。 20.You can find out or not they are prepared to share the cost of the flowers with you. 【答案】whether 【解析】考查连接词。句意:你能弄清楚他们是否准备好和你分摊买花的费用。whether...or not为固定结构,意为“是否”,引导宾语从句。故填whether。 二、句子翻译 1.吸引世界各地自然爱好者的是非洲广袤的草原和迷人的景色。 from all over the world is the vast African prairie and fascinating scenery. 【答案】What appeals to/attracts nature lovers 【解析】考查主语从句和短语。所填部分“吸引世界各地自然爱好者的”处理为主语从句,从句谓语“吸引”用appeal to/attract表达,宾语“自然爱好者”用nature lovers表达,复数表泛指;从句缺少主语,且指代喜欢的东西,应用连接代词what作引导词;结合下文is可知,句子陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,what作主语看作第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数形式。故填What appeals to/attracts nature lovers。 2.让我们留下深刻印象的是她在困境中展现出的勇气。 is that she showed great courage in difficult situations. 【答案】What impressed us deeply 【解析】考查主语从句和时态。“留下印象”用impress,这里用主语从句来表达,连接词what在从句中作主语,表示“……的事情”,位于句首,首字母需大写,“深深地”是deeply,描述过去发生的事,用一般过去时impressed。故填What impressed us deeply。 3.最要紧的是我们在面对挑战时永不放弃。 is that we never give up when facing challenges. 【答案】What matters most 【解析】考查主语从句和时态。本空表示“最要紧的是”;表示“什么”用what,引导主语从句,并在从句中作主语,句首单词,首字母大写;表示“……是最要紧的”用matter,本句描述一般事实,时态用一般现在时,主语为What,谓语用第三人称单数形式为matters;表示“最”用副词most,作状语,修饰matters。故填What matters most. 4.这些雕塑是独一无二,而且有创造性的。那就是人们高度评价它们的原因。 These sculptures are unique and creative. people think highly of them. 【答案】That’s why 【解析】考查固定句型。表示“那就是……的原因”句型为that's why...,why引导表语从句。首字母大写。故填That's why。 5.我非常认真地考虑自己选什么课程。 I had to think very carefully about . 【答案】which courses I wanted to take 【解析】考查宾语从句。此处使用want to do sth,表示“想要做某事”,“选择课程”用动词短语take courses,此处使用what引导宾语从句,作介词about的宾语,要用陈述语序,由had可知应用一般过去时,故填which courses I wanted to take。 6.最重要的是你是否会玩得开心。 The most important thing is . 【答案】whether you will have a good time/ whether you will enjoy yourself 【解析】考查表语从句和时态。空处为你是否会玩得开心,说明主语的内容,可以用whether连接成表语从句,从句主语you,玩得开心用固定短语have a good time/enjoy oneself,主语you,所以oneself应对应yourself,根据句意从句应用一般将来时,故填whether you will have a good time/ whether you will enjoy yourself。 7.他全力以赴准备运动会。那就是为什么他能得冠军。(冠军: championship) 【答案】He went all out to prepare for the sports meet. That’s why he was able to win the championship. 【解析】考查固定搭配、表语从句和时态。“全力以赴……”用go all out to do...;“准备……”用prepare for...;“运动会”用the sports meet;“那就是为什么……”用That’s why...,why引导表语从句;“能”用be able to do...;“得冠军”用win the championship。本句陈述的是过去发生的事情,用一般过去时。故本句可翻译为:He went all out to prepare for the sports meet. That’s why he was able to win the championship. 8.老师建议我们参加英语辩论社以提高英语口语。 (recommend that…) 【答案】The teacher recommended that we (should) join the English debate club to improve our spoken English. 【解析】考查宾语从句和虚拟语气。根据句意,该句描述过去老师提出的建议,主句使用一般过去时;表示“老师”为The teacher作主语,位于句首,首字母需大写;谓语“建议”为recommended,是recommend的过去式;“我们参加英语辩论社”作宾语,从句中不缺成分,且句意完整,所以此处使用连接词that引导宾语从句,从句中使用虚拟语气,即谓语动词为“should + 动词原形”,should可省略;主语“我们”为we;谓语“参加”为join或should join;“英语辩论社”为the English debate club作宾语;“以提高英语口语”为目的状语,译为to improve our spoken English,其中to improve为不定式表示目的,“我们的英语口语”为our spoken English作宾语。故翻译为The teacher recommended that we (should) join the English debate club to improve our spoken English. 9.毫无疑问,许多人倾向于依赖数字工具做研究。(doubt) 【答案】There is no doubt that many people tend to rely on digital tools for research. 【解析】考查固定句式和动词不定式。根据句意,该句表达一个普遍认可的观点,使用一般现在时;表示“毫无疑问”为there is no doubt that,是固定句式,位于句首单词首字母需大写;that引导同位语从句,说明doubt的具体内容;从句主语“许多人”为many people;谓语“倾向于”为tend to,后接动词原形;“依赖数字工具做研究”译为rely on digital tools for research,其中rely on为固定搭配,表示“依赖”,for research为介词短语,说明依赖工具的目的。故翻译为There is no doubt that many people tend to rely on digital tools for research. 10.她在演讲上说的话深深地鼓舞了我。 【答案】What she said in the speech inspired me profoundly. 【解析】考查主语从句、动词、名词和副词。句子应该是描述过去发生的事情,时态应用一般过去时;整个句子可处理为主从复合句,将“话深深地鼓舞了我”作为主句,“她在演讲上说的话”作为主语从句;从句主语“她”用代词she,谓语“说”可用动词say,引导词在从句中作say的宾语,表示“……的东西”,用连接代词what引导主语从句,状语“在演讲上”可用介词短语in the speech;主句的谓语“鼓舞”可用动词inspired,宾语“我”用代词me,状语“深深地”可用副词profoundly。故可译为:What she said in the speech inspired me profoundly. 11.最令我开心的是,我坚持到了最后。 【答案】What made me happiest was that I stuck it out till the end. 【解析】考查主语从句、表语从句、动词短语和时态。“最令我开心的”作主语,可处理为连接代词what引导的主语从句,what在从句中作主语,“令某人开心”用动词短语make sb. happy,描述过去发生的事情,谓语动词make用一般过去时态made,宾语“我”用宾格代词me,宾语补足语happy用最高级形式happiest;“是”作谓语,用连系动词be,动作发生在过去,用一般过去时态was;“我坚持到了最后”作表语,处理为连词that引导的表语从句,that在从句中不作成分,无实义,谓语“坚持”用动词短语stick it out,描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时态stuck it out,“到最后”作时间状语,用介词短语till the end。综上,全句译为:What made me happiest was that I stuck it out till the end. 12.我很感激你为我所做的事。 【答案】I’m very grateful for what you have done for me. 【解析】考查短语和从句。本句可处理为主从复合句;主句主语是I,表达“感激……”可用短语be grateful for,主句陈述当前的心理状态,用一般现在时,主语是I,be用am;从句作介词for的宾语,为宾语从句,主语是you,谓语“做”是do,陈述过去的动作对现在造成的影响,用现在完成时,助动词为have,从句缺少宾语,且指代事情,因此用连接代词what作引导词,“为我”表达为for me。综上,故翻译为I’m very grateful for what you have done for me. 13.众所周知,教育对个人的发展起着重要作用。 【答案】It is generally acknowledged that education plays an important role in an individual’s development. 【解析】考查固定句型,主语从句,固定短语,时态和主谓一致。“众所周知”是固定句型It is generally acknowledged that...,其中it是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句,“教育”是education,是不可数名词,“对……起着重要作用”是固定短语play an important role in,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,主语education是不可数名词,因此play用第三人称单数,“个人的发展”是an individual’s development,因此整句话翻译为“It is generally acknowledged that education plays an important role in an individual’s development”。故答案为It is generally acknowledged that education plays an important role in an individual’s development. 14.我们要批判性地看待网上所读到的东西。(critical,宾语从句) 【答案】We should be critical of what we read online. 【解析】考查宾语从句和情态动词以及时态。“我们”是“We”;“应该”用“should”;“对……批判性的”表达为“be critical of”。“网上所读到的东西”处理为what引导宾语从句,从句陈述客观事实,用一般现在时;“what we read online”充当“be critical of”的宾语,“what”在从句中作“read”的宾语。故译为We should be critical of what we read online. 15. 我写信是想问,我能不能在你的美术馆做志愿者。(宾语从句) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I’m writing to ask if I could work in your art gallery as a volunteer. 【解析】 考查宾语从句。 主句处理:“我写信是想问” 译为 “I am writing to ask”,用 “am writing” 表当前动作,“to ask” 明确目的,贴合英文表达习惯。宾语从句引导:“能不能” 表 “是否”,用 “if/whether” 引导从句,二者通用(无 “or not” 时),符合疑问意义宾语从句规则。 语序调整:从句需用陈述语序,“能不能我” 改为 “I can”,而非疑问语序 “can I”. 7 / 18 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题18 名词性从句(复习讲义)(广东小高考专用)2026年春季高考英语
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专题18 名词性从句(复习讲义)(广东小高考专用)2026年春季高考英语
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