Module7-9被动语态 讲义2025-2026学年外研版(2012)英语九年级上册
被动语态
一、语态
语态是谓语动词的一种形式,表示主语和谓语逐渐的关系,分为主动语态和被动语态
主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者
Many people speak Chinese. 很多人说中文
被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者
Chinese is spoken by many people. 中文被很多人说
二、被动语态的构成
被动语态的构成:主语+ be动词+及物动词的过去分词(be done)(+by+动作执行者)
在被动语态中,主语是动作的承受者,be动词本身无词义,但有时态、人称和数的变化,by后接动作的执行者
三、主动语态与被动语态的转换
Step1:宾语变主语
Step2:谓动变be done
Step3:主语by宾格
They do their homework. (主动语态)
Their homework is done by them. (被动语态)
四、各时态下的被动语态
1.一般现在时的被动语态
肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + done(+by+动作执行者)
否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not + done(+by+动作执行者)
一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are +主语+ done(+by+动作执行者)
Many people loves this song. 很多人喜欢这首歌
This song is loved by many people. (肯定句)
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This song is not loved by many people. (否定句)
Is this song loved by many people? (一般疑问句)
2.一般过去时的被动语态
肯定句:主语 + was/were + done(+by+动作执行者)
否定句:主语 + was/were + not + done(+by+动作执行者)
一般疑问句:Was/Were +主语+ done(+by+动作执行者)
Lily wrote the letter. 莉莉写了这封信
The letter was written by Lily.(肯定句)
The letter was not written by Lily.(否定句)
Was the letter written by Lily? (一般疑问句)
- 一般将来时的被动语态
(1)will
肯定句:主语 + will + be +done(+by+动作执行者)
否定句:主语 + will + not + be + done(+by+动作执行者)
一般疑问句:Will +主语+ be + done(+by+动作执行者)
A new road will be built next year.(肯定句)
A new road will not be built next year.(否定句)
Will a new road be built next year? (一般疑问句)
(2)be going to
肯定句:主语 + am/is/are going to + be +done(+by+动作执行者)
否定句:主语 + am/is/are not going to + be + done(+by+动作执行者)
一般疑问句:Will +主语+ be + done(+by+动作执行者)
A meeting is going to be held next week.(肯定句)
A meeting is not going to be held next week.(否定句)
Is a meeting going to be held next week? (一般疑问句)
- 现在进行时的被动语态
肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + being + done(+by+动作执行者)
否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not + being + done(+by+动作执行者)
一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are +主语 + being +done(+by+动作执行者)
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