专题08 状语从句（知识梳理+高频考点精讲+进阶分级练）（讲义，浙江专用）英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题08 状语从句 目录 学考要求速览 必备知识梳理 高频考点精讲 英语中八类状语从句的用法 进阶分级练 高考英语对状语从句的考查以语境化、实用性为核心，重点聚焦语法知识在语言运用中的实际价值。从考查范围来看，覆盖时间、让步、条件、原因、目的等主要从句类型，其中时间状语从句（如when/while/as的辨析、since/before的固定句型）、让步状语从句（如although/even if/however的用法）和条件状语从句（如if/unless/as long as的运用）为高频考点，近十年真题中相关考查占比超70%。命题并非孤立考查语法规则，而是将状语从句融入完整语境，要求考生结合上下文逻辑关系做出判断，体现"用语法解决实际语言问题"的考查导向。 在考查形式与能力要求上，语法填空是核心题型，主要涉及两大方向：一是连接词的精准选择，需考生根据从句与主句的逻辑关系（如因果、转折、假设等）匹配恰当连词；二是状语从句的省略结构，重点考查从句主语与主句主语一致时的成分省略，常与非谓语动词结合，要求考生掌握"连词+分词"的省略形式转换规则。此外，短文改错中偶见状语从句连接词错用、漏用等问题，阅读理解和写作则要求考生能准确理解复杂从句逻辑，并运用其表达连贯语义。 备考需兼顾基础积累与能力迁移，既要系统掌握各类状语从句的连接词体系，熟记so...that...、it is+时间段+since...、not until倒装等固定句型，也要明确状语从句与定语从句、名词性从句的本质区别——前者侧重逻辑关系连接，后者侧重句子成分补充。 状语从句是高考英语语法的核心考点之一，它通过从属连词引导，在句中作状语，修饰谓语、定语或整个句子，可表示时间、条件、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较、方式等多种逻辑关系。 一、时间状语从句 1.基本概念 表示动作发生的 “时间关系”，如 “当…… 时”“在…… 之前”“直到……” 等。 2.常用引导词及用法 引导词 含义 关键考点 例句 when 当…… 时（时间点 / 时间段） 主句、从句可接延续性 / 非延续性动词；时态灵活 When I got home, my mother was cooking.（当我到家时，妈妈正在做饭。） while 当…… 时（时间段） 从句需接延续性动词；常表 “对比” While she was reading, her brother was playing games.（她看书时，弟弟在玩游戏。） as 当…… 时（强调 “同时”） 动作伴随发生，语气比 while 弱 As the sun rose, the fog disappeared.（太阳升起时，雾散了。） before 在…… 之前 常见 “it will be + 时间 + before” 结构 We must finish homework before we watch TV.（看电视前我们必须完成作业。） after 在…… 之后 从句动作先发生，主句动作后发生 After he graduated, he went to work in Beijing.（他毕业后，去了北京工作。） until/till 直到……（till 不用于句首） 肯定句中主句接延续性动词，否定句表 “直到…… 才” He waited until his sister came back.（他一直等到妹妹回来。）I didn’t go to bed till 11 o’clock.（我直到 11 点才睡觉。） as soon as 一…… 就…… 主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时（“主将从现”） As soon as the bell rings, the class begins.（铃声一响，上课就开始。） since 自从…… 以来；既然 从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 I have learned English since I was 6 years old.（我从 6 岁起就开始学英语了。） 二、条件状语从句 1.基本概念 表示主句动作发生的 “前提条件”，分为 “真实条件”（可能发生）和 “虚拟条件”（高考暂不重点考查）。 “主将从现” 规则：主句用一般将来时 / 情态动词（can/may/must）/ 祈使句，从句用一般现在时表将来。 2.常用引导词 引导词 含义 例句 if 如果；是否（宾语从句） If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。） unless 除非（=if not） You won’t pass the exam unless you study hard.（除非你努力学习，否则你不会通过考试。） as long as 只要 As long as you keep practicing, you will speak English well.（只要你坚持练习，就能说好英语。） on condition that 在…… 条件下 He agreed to help on condition that we share the work.（他同意帮忙，条件是我们分担工作。） 三、原因状语从句 1.基本概念 表示主句动作发生的 “原因”，引导词语气有差异（because 最强，since/as 较弱）。 2.常用引导词及用法 引导词 含义 语气 / 考点 例句 because 因为 回答 why 提问；不能与 so 连用 —Why do you like this book?（你为什么喜欢这本书？）—Because it’s interesting.（因为它很有趣。） since 既然；因为（已知原因） 语气弱，常译为 “既然”，引导 “显而易见的原因” Since everyone is here, let’s start the meeting.（既然大家都到了，我们就开始开会吧。） as 因为（比 since 更弱） 常位于句首，引导 “次要原因” As it was late, we decided to take a taxi.（因为天晚了，我们决定打车。） now that 既然（=since） 强调 “现在已知的原因”，口语化 Now that you know the truth, you can make a choice.（既然你知道了真相，就可以做选择了。） 四、目的状语从句 1.基本概念 表示主句动作的 “目的”（即 “为了……”“以便……”）。 2.常用引导词及 “情态动词” 规则（从句常含情态动词（can/could/may/might），表 “能够、可以”） 引导词 含义 例句 so that 为了；以便（=in order that） He studies hard so that he can get good grades.（他努力学习是为了能取得好成绩。） in order that 为了（比 so that 更正式，可位于句首） In order that we can catch the early bus, we need to get up at 6.（为了赶上早班车，我们需要 6 点起床。） lest 以免；唯恐（后接 should + 动词原形） She locked the door lest someone should break in.（她锁了门，以免有人闯入。） 五、结果状语从句 1.基本概念 表示主句动作带来的 “结果”，常与 “目的状语从句” 对比（目的表 “意图”，结果表 “事实”）。 2.常用引导词及 “so/such” 区别 引导词 结构 例句 so so + 形容词 / 副词 + that He is so tall that he can reach the shelf.（他个子很高，能碰到架子。） such such + (a/an) + 名词 + that It is such a cold day that we don’t want to go out.（天气太冷，我们不想出去。） so that 结果是（无情态动词，区别于目的状语从句） He didn’t study hard, so that he failed the exam.（他没努力学习，结果考试不及格了。） 六、让步状语从句 1.基本概念 表示 “尽管、即使” 等转折关系，即 “虽然有某个条件，但主句动作仍发生”。 2.常用引导词及特殊用法 引导词 含义 特殊考点（倒装 / 搭配） 例句 though/although 虽然；尽管 不能与 but 连用；though 可位于句末 Although it rained, we still went hiking.（尽管下了雨，我们还是去徒步了。） even if/even though 即使 表 “假设的让步”，语气比 though 强 Even if you don’t help me, I can finish it alone.（即使你不帮我，我也能独自完成。） as 尽管（必须倒装） 形容词 / 副词 / 名词（不带 a/an）+ as + 主语 + 谓语 Young as he is, he knows a lot.（尽管他很年轻，却懂得很多。） no matter + 疑问词（what/how/when 等） 无论…… 等同于 “疑问词 + ever”（如 whatever=no matter what） No matter how hard it is, I will keep trying.（无论多困难，我都会继续努力。） 七、比较状语从句 1.基本概念 表示两者之间的 “比较关系”，如 “和…… 一样”“比…… 更”“越…… 越……”。 2.常用引导词及结构 引导词 / 结构 含义 例句 as…as… 和…… 一样（原级比较） She runs as fast as her brother.（她跑得和她哥哥一样快。） not as/so…as… 不如……（否定原级） This book is not as interesting as that one.（这本书不如那本有趣。） than 比……（比较级） He is taller than any other student in his class.（他比班上其他任何学生都高。） the + 比较级，the + 比较级 越……，越…… The harder you work, the better grades you will get.（你越努力，成绩就会越好。） 八、方式状语从句 1.基本概念 表示主句动作的 “方式”，即 “像…… 一样”“按照…… 方式”。 2.常用引导词及例句 引导词 含义 例句 as 像…… 一样；按照 Do as your teacher tells you.（按照老师说的做。） as if/as though 好像；仿佛（可接虚拟语气） He talks as if he knows everything.（他说话的样子好像什么都知道。） as…so… 正如……，也…… As water is to fish, so air is to man.（正如鱼离不开水，人也离不开空气。） 考点精讲讲练 11．______ the reasons behind these species entering our cities, one thing is for sure — as it’s often a means of their survival, they could be with us to stay. A．Whenever B．Whichever C．Whatever D．Wherever 【答案】C 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：无论这些物种进入我们城市的原因是什么，有一点是肯定的——因为这通常是它们的一种生存手段，它们可能会一直和我们在一起。A.  Whenever无论什么时候； B.  Whichever无论哪一个；C.  Whatever无论什么；D.  Wherever无论在哪里。此处应为连词引导的状语从句，从句中省略了谓语动词are，结合句意，此处表示“无论什么”，修饰reason，应用whatever引导，位于句首，首字母需大写。故选C。 12．The young man saved money for years, ______ he could afford to buy his own house. He was very proud of himself, ______ his parents were also happy for him. A．in order that; but B．such that; or C．to that; nor D．so that; and 【答案】D 【解析】考查连词。句意：这个年轻人多年来一直在存钱，这样他就能买得起自己的房子了。他为自己感到非常自豪，他的父母也为他感到高兴。由句意第一空应填目的状语从句引导词so that，意为“以便”，引导目的状语从句；第二空前后为并列关系，应用并列and，连接两个并列的句子，表示顺承关系。故选D项。 13．You will surely improve your oral English skills ________ you keep speaking English every day. A．even if B．as though C．in case D．as long as 【答案】D 【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：只要你每天坚持说英语，你的英语口语能力一定会提高。A. even if即使；B. as though好像；C. in case以防，万一；D. as long as只要。根据句意和you keep speaking English every day可知，这里指只要你每天坚持说英语，口语就会提高，所以应用as long as，引导条件状语从句，强调“持续每天说英语”是“能力提升”的前提。故选D项。 14．____________ you eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables, and get plenty of exercise can you really be healthy. A．Suppose that B．Unless C．Provided that D．Only if 【答案】D 【解析】考查状语从句及倒装。句意：只有在摄入充足新鲜蔬果并保持适量运动的情况下，你才能真正保持健康。A. Suppose that假设，假定；B. Unless除非；C. Provided that倘若；D. Only if只有当……时。句子使用了倒装结构can you…，选项中只有Only if“只有当……时”位于句首时会引起主句倒装，引导的是条件状语从句。故选D。 1．Though it was against his parents’ expectations, Zhang Tian thought he should teach _______ he was needed most. A．where B．which C．in where D．in which 【答案】A 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：尽管这违背了他父母的期望，但张天认为他应该去最需要他的地方教学。“_______ he was needed most”为地点状语从句，表示“……的地方”，应用where引导该从句。故选A。 2．It was ________ Laura posted some false information on the Internet ________ she was arrested. A．because; so B．for; so C．because; that D．unless; that 【答案】C 【解析】考查强调句型和原因状语从句。句意：正是因为劳拉在网上发布了一些虚假信息，她才被逮捕的。根据“It was”和“she was arrested”可知，强调句型“it be+被强调部分+that…”符合题意，“Laura posted some false information on the Internet (劳拉在网上发布了一些虚假信息)”是“她被逮捕”的原因，因此用because引导原因状语从句，整个句子强调该状语。故选C。 3．________ you have seen he is poor, you should understand why he has to take up two part-time jobs. A．As long as B．Even though C．Now that D．While 【答案】C 【解析】考查连词（短语）辨析。句意：既然你已经看到他贫穷，就应该理解他为何要做两份兼职。A. As long as只要，表条件，引导条件状语从句；B. Even though尽管，表让步，引导让步状语从句；C. Now that既然，表原因，引导原因状语从句，侧重已知事实与结果的逻辑关系；D. While虽然，当……时，表对比或时间，引导让步状语从句或时间状语从句。前半句“你已看到他贫穷”是已知事实，后半句“应该理解他为何要做两份兼职”是推论结果，空处是一个表原因的连词（短语），因此用Now that“既然”引导原因状语从句。故选C。 4．A look of astonishment spread across her face ________ she ________ her old classmate at the reunion. A．the instant; saw B．at the instant; was seen C．the instant when; had seen D．for an instant; sees 【答案】A 【解析】考查时间状语从句和时态。句意：同学聚会上她一看到老同学，她的脸上就露出惊讶的神色。第一空引导时间状语从句，应用the instant，意为“一……就……”。根据主句的谓语动词spread可知，从句也应用一般过去时。主语she和see之间是主动关系，用主动语态。故选A。 5．________ finished speaking when someone rose to refuse his points. A．Hardly he had B．He has hardly C．Hardly had he D．Hardly he has 【答案】C 【解析】考查固定句型和倒装句。句意：他刚一说完话，就有人站起来反驳他的观点。hardly...when...是固定句型，表示“一……就……”，当hardly位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，即把had提到主语he之前。故选C项。 6．She was so angry at all ________ he was doing ________ she walked out, and closed the door. A．that, that B．what, when C．what, as D．that, which 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句和结果状语从句。句意：她对他所做的一切如此生气以至于她走了出去并关上了门。分析句子可知，第1空处“__ he was doing”限制性定语从句，修饰先行词all，关系词将其代入从句中作宾语，且先行词是不定代词，应用关系代词that引导从句；第二个空处是so...that...结构引导的结果状语从句，所以从属连词that引导从句。故选A项。 7．—Did Jack come back early last night? It really ________ me. —Yes, it was not yet eight o’clock ________ he arrived home. A．was concerned about; when B．concerned; when C．concerned; that D．was concerned about; that 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词和状语从句引导词。句意：—杰克昨晚回来得早吗？这真的让我担心。—是的，他到家的时候还不到八点钟。第一个空处为句子的谓语动词。concern可作及物动词，意为“使担心；使忧虑”，主语it指代“杰克是否早归”这件事，直接接宾语me；be concerned about主语通常是人，表“关心……”，不符合语境。第二空处为时间状语从句，“it was not yet eight o’clock when...”表示“当……的时候还不到八点钟”，when引导从句作时间状语。故填B。 8．________ you are aware of the tricks used in ads, you won’t be so eager to purchase the product. A．Once B．Until C．Though D．Whether 【答案】A 【解析】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：一旦你意识到广告中的诡计，你就不会那么急切地购买产品了。A. Once一旦；B. Until直到；C. Though虽然；D. Whether是否。根据“you are aware of the tricks used in ads, you won’t be so eager to purchase the product”可知，这表达了一种条件关系：意识到广告技巧会导致购买欲望降低。once引导条件状语从句，意思是“一旦……就”，常用于描述一个动作或状态发生后，另一个结果随之发生。本句中意识到广告技巧是条件，导致购买欲望降低的结果，符合句意。故选A。 9．The Internet has made ______ possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily ______ they are on opposite sides of the world. A．that; even though B．it; even if C．it; as if D．that; unless 【答案】B 【解析】考查代词和让步状语从句。句意：互联网已经使朋友和家人能够轻松保持联系成为可能，即使他们身处世界的两端。分析句子结构可知，第一个空考查形式宾语的用法。句中for friends and family to keep in touch easily是真正的宾语，为了避免句子结构头重脚轻，用it作形式宾语；第二空even if/though意为“即使”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境中“身处世界两端仍能轻松联系”的逻辑；as if意为“好像”，代入句中语义不通；unless意为“除非”，不符合句子表达的让步关系。故选B项。 10．_____ you are going through in the future, don’t be afraid and just believe yourself. A．Whatever B．What C．Whoever D．Who 【答案】A 【解析】考查连词。句意：无论你将来经历什么，都不要害怕，要相信自己。空处引导让步状语从句，且从句中going through缺少宾语，且结合语意，此处表示无论将来经历什么，应用whatever引导，表示“无论什么”。故选A项。 训练 一、单项选择 1．It was not until ________ on that stormy mountaintop ________ true courage comes from facing fear, not avoiding it. A．stood alone; that I realized B．I stood alone; did I realize C．I stood alone; that I realized D．when I stood alone; did I realize 2．______ on a clear day, far from the city crowds, the mountains give him a sense of infinite peace. A．Walking B．When one is walking C．Having walked D．When walking 3．______ got into the room ______ the telephone rang. A．He had hardly... then B．Hardly had he... when C．He had no sooner... when D．No sooner had he... when 4．He fell in love with Mozart’s classical music ________ he sang for the university choir. A．which B．where C．when D．that 5．He has studied very hard ______ he came to our class. A．when B．and C．since D．so 6．“You should put the book ________ you found it.” The librarian gently reminded. A．when B．where C．that D．wherever 7．He discovered that he had left his umbrella ______ he had lunch. A．wherever B．in the place C．in the place which D．where 8．With the COVID-19 outbreak improving in China, more and more people are willing to take a plane to go ______ the scenery is really appealing during the vocation. A．as long as B．since C．where D．in case 9．Adults, ______ overly concerned with fame and fortune, sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things ________ children do not. A．unless; but B．although; and C．when; where D．even if; unless 10．_______ it rains heavily, we have to stay at home. A．If B．Although C．Because D．Until 11．________ data leaks have become more common, worries about privacy are growing, and the chance ________ a person’s private details are at risk is getting higher. A．Given that; whether B．Now that; that C．But that; whether D．Except that; that 12．—______ you like the computer so much, why not buy it? —Well, I can’t afford so expensive a computer. A．Now that B．As soon as C．Even if D．As long as 13．Usually I am sparing with money, as I have to be, ______that I don’t earn that much. A．given B．as C．providing D．so 14．—She is highly skilled at dealing with difficulties. —__________ she’s had special training, see? A．Because B．Because of C．As if D．As long as 15．Young consumers are the major driving force of emerging businesses and services in Shanghai ________they contribute greatly to the spending in this regard. A．when B．as C．if 16．______ you know little about the Qing and Ming dynasties, you’d better read more books about them. A．Unless B．Since C．Although D．Whether 17．The students stay quiet during the test ________ everyone can concentrate on their work. A．as if B．even though C．in case D．so that 18．Mary shut the window just now 　　　she could keep the insects out. A．so that B．when C．till D．after 19．You should bring your jacket with you __________ the weather takes a turn and becomes cold later. A．so that B．as if C．in case D．even if 20．They are ________ interesting novels that I want to read them online. A．so B．such C．very D．now 21．The Great Wall is so good a place ________ millions of tourists come to visit it each year. A．as B．which C．that D．where 22．He is _________ that we all like him. A．so a smart boy B．such a smart boy C．so smart boy D．such smart boy 23．So absorbed was Mary in her yoga exercises ________ she took no notice of the heavy rain outside. A．because B．so C．that D．as 24．Mr. Smith was so angry at all _______ Bill was doing _______he left. A．that; what B．that; that C．which; which D．what; that 25．But Darwin’s scientific studies were ________ more and more people started to believe his theory. A．such disgraces that B．so convincing that C．so beneficial that D．such a fascination that 26．________ the environmental damage is done, it will take many years to recover. A．While B．Before C．Once D．Unless 27．Everything is possible ______ you work hard. A．as much as B．as soon as C．as long as D．as far as 28．Traditional exercises like sit-ups, press-ups and pull-ups are great for strengthening the body, ________ you do them properly. A．since B．unless C．providing D．before 29．You can’t pass the exam _______ you study hard. A．if B．unless C．when D．after 30．He has told me that he will fly to Beijing for a holiday next Sunday if his paper ________ by that time. A．has been finished B．will have been finished C．had been finished D．was finished 31．We can’t go swimming _________ our parents are with us. It’s too dangerous. A．if B．when C．unless D．until 32．—What about taking a double-decker bus for a tour of the city? —OK, ________ it’s not crowded. Double-deckers are very popular right now. A．as though B．in case C．as long as D．now that 33．________ that you were placed in a position of authority, what would you do differently ________ the present situation? A．Assuming; given B．Assuming; giving C．Assumed; given D．Assumed; giving 34．________ materially rich people are, they should always strive for deeper meaning in life. A．Wherever B．Whatever C．However D．Whoever 35．Jeff still works hard ______ he has achieved great success. A．if B．before C．though D．because 36．When a new movement in art contributes to a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for ________ unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. A．whatever B．however C．that D．which 37．It’s important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to ________ our wild neighbours, ________ they adapt to our ways of urban living. A．thank; whatever B．remove; whenever C．appreciate; however D．contact; wherever 38．Splendid ________ the view of the Earth is, spacewalking is not ________ exciting ________ you might think. A．as, so, as B．like, as, as C．though, such, as D．so, such, as 39． the weather was unfavorable, the outdoor concert was still a huge success due to the excellent performance of the artists. A．Since B．While C．In spite of D．Even so 40．He has mountains of things to do, but I think he is talking ________ he had all the time in the world. A．even if B．so that C．if ever D．as though 41．Students were asked to leave comments on the document, ______ they were a professor assessing a student’s work. A．whenever B．as long as C．as if D．in that 42．He is still too young to do the job ________ we want it done. A．since B．while C．the way D．the moment 43．He spends not so much time studying for his exams as he ________ video games on weekends. A．does to play B．plays C．is playing D．does playing 44．Just accept the disabled for ________they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life ________you do. A．whom; so B．which; like C．who; as D．that; as 45．He moves more slowly than his sister . A．do B．does C．doing D．did 46．The purpose of the research project has a more different meaning for them than _________. A．that for us B．it has for us C．it did for us D．it did for ours 47．The plot of the film develops__________ I foresee, __________makes it a little dull for me as an enthusiast of films. A．as; which B．as; who C．the way; which D．where; what 48． air is to man, so is water to fish. A．Since B．Just C．Like D．As 49．Make sure you save all your work on screen _____ the computer breaks down. A．in case B．in order that C．ever since D．even though 二、语法填空 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Weekend “catch-up” sleep is a lie The negative health effects of skimping on sleep during the week can’t be reversed by marathon weekend sleep sessions, according to sobering new study. 50 complete freedom to sleep in and nap during a weekend recovery period, participants in a sleep laboratory who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays 51 (gain) nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced metabolic disorder 52 would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term. 53 weekend recovery sleep had some benefits after a single week of insufficient sleep, those gains 54 (wipe) out when people plunged right back into the same schedule 55 (rob) of sleep the next Monday.       “If there are benefits of catch-up sleep, 56 are gone when you go back to your routine. It’s very short-lived.” said Kenneth Wright, director of the sleep and chronobiology laboratory at the University of Colorado at Boulder, who oversaw the work.         Wright said that the study suggests people should prioritize sleep, 57 (cut) out the optional “sleep stealers”. such as watching television shows or spending time on electronic devices. 58 people don’t have a choice about losing sleep due to child-care responsibilities or job schedules, they should take into consideration prioritizing sleep 59 they would a healthy diet or exercise. 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Advice is a word that is welcomed warmly by a lot of people. It helps in 60 (achieve) goals in a better way. As we know, 61 (experience) people offer their advice with a positive attitude without making a 62 (judge). You can learn how they give advice. Give advice to people who welcome it. In fact, your focus should be helping others and making 63 aware that the advice can be useful if taken in the right spirit. When advice 64 (give), it should be short. It is also essential that while giving advice, one should be fair. As giving advice is 65 art, you should always state the positive side first so that the person is 66 (relax) and would in turn welcome your advice. Give advice on certain matters. 67 a friend of yours wants to buy a car and requests your advice on the matter, your aim should be to give him details about things to be purchased, but you need not go for some particular brands or items. 68 (similar), advice on some other important issues, like staying in the relationship or future planning, needs to be given 69 (cautious). 3 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 One evening 18,000 BC, Lala turned for home with her collections of nuts and fruits. A feast was waiting for her, 70 was a family reunion after a long 71 （ separate）. How excited she was to meet his husband, Dahu, again!  Having heard wolves howling in the forest, Lala accelerated her steps 72 （ fear） there might be wild beasts lying in wait for her. She had almost reached her destination 73 a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped. The smell of meat filled the air and her senses became dizzy 74 hunger. She saw the great dinner was well 75 （ prepare）  . The family were doing their own duties and Dahu, with 76 （ strong ） pronounced eyebrows and cheekbones, 77 （ sharpen ） his tools. The first guests 78 （ arrive） for dinner were all from the neighbouring caves. Lala's  spirits 79 （ rise）. She smiled to herself gaily and went out of the cave to welcome her friends and neighbours. 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Q Dear Daniel My high school life is 80 （stress）. I try to sleep for a while at noon，but I still get sleepy in the afternoon. What should I do？ Heater A Dear Heater， This is a serious problem. As a teacher，I saw many students sleeping in class， 81 （able） to focus-even children！ Let's look at your lifestyle. Do you stay awake late at night？Do you use your smartphone before bed？Do you have caffeine at night？ First，late nights are a bad habit，even if you're staying up late 82 （study）.Research shows that studying 83 you're tired is less effective. 84 （lose）sleep makes you too tired in class the next day. You should sleep for seven or eight hours each night. Next，don't use your smartphone before bed. The screen keeps our eyes and brains   85 （wide）awake. If you 86 use a phone before bed，use a blue-light filter（过滤）app. Of course，you should avoid caffeine after dinner. This means no cola，no chocolate and no coffee. 87 （drink）non-caffeinated teas or water. As 88 your sleepy afternoons，napping（午休）is normal and healthy. It sounds like you need a "power nap”. These are 20-30 minute naps that give a boost（增强）of energy. Set your alarm for 25 minutes and get up when you hear it. Be careful！If you nap too long，you will feel 89 （sleep）than before. Proper sleep is an important part of a healthy life，so taking a nap is taking care of yourself. Good luck！ Daniel 参考答案 一、 1．C 【解析】考查强调句和时态。句意：直到我独自站在那暴风雨的山顶上，我才意识到真正的勇气来自面对恐惧，而不是逃避恐惧。此处为强调句型“It is/was not until...that...”，意为“直到……才……”，其中not until引导的时间状语从句用陈述语序，主句用陈述语序，所以第一个空应为“I stood alone”，第二个空应为“that I realized”。故选C项。 2．B 【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：当一个人在晴朗的日子里行走，远离城市的人群时，群山给了他一种无限的宁静感。分析句子可知，句子为“When”引导的时间状语从句，意为“当……时”，根据句意和主句中的“him”可知，从句主语应用“one”，从句中动作正在进行，应用现在进行时，故空格处应用“When one is walking”，其他三个选项的逻辑主语为“mountains”，不符合句意，排除。故选B项。 3．B 【解析】考查时间状语从句和部分倒装。句意：他一进房间，电话铃就响了。根据句意可知，句子为时间状语从句，句中涉及固定句型“Hardly…when…”，意为“一……就……”，“Hardly”位于句首，后面句子要用部分倒装，根据“rang”可知，主句动作发生在过去的过去，为过去完成时，空格一应用“Hardly had he”，空格二应用“when”。故选B项。 4．C 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：当他为大学合唱团演唱时，他爱上了莫扎特的古典音乐。空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，表明“他爱上古典音乐”发生在“为合唱团演唱”的时间段内，需用连词when引导。故选C。 5．C 【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：自从来到我们班级之后，他学习非常努力。A. when当……时；B. and和；C. since自从；D. so所以。根据空前has studied和空后came可知，空处引导时间状语从句，主句是现在完成时，从句是一般过去时，句子是since引导的时间状语从句，故选C。 6．B 【解析】考查地点状语从句。句意：“你应该把这本书放回你发现它的那个地方（原来的地方）。”图书管理员温和地提醒道。A. when什么时候，……的时候；B. where哪里，在……地方；C. that无实义，用于某些动词和形容词后，引出从句；D. wherever无论哪里。“_______ you found it”为地点状语从句，修饰主句动词“put”，表示放书的具体位置，表达特定地点，用where引导。故选B项。 7．D 【解析】考查地点状语从句。句意：他发现他把伞落在吃午饭的地方了。设空处引导地点状语从句，表示“在……地方”，应用where引导，而wherever表示“任何地方”，不符合句意，故选D。 8．C 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：随着中国新冠肺炎疫情的好转，越来越多的人愿意在假期乘飞机去风景真正迷人的地方。A. as long as只要；B. since自从；因为；C. where哪里；D. in case以防万一。分析句子结构可知，这里用where引导地点状语从句，表示 “……的地方”。故选C。 9．C 【解析】考查状语从句和定语从句。句意：当成年人过度关注名利时，有时看不到简单事物中的快乐，而孩子们则不会如此。该句主干是 Adults sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things。______ overly concerned with fame and fortune是一个时间状语从句的省略，从句主语与主句主语adults一致，且含有be动词，故省略了主语和be动词，这里表示“当成年人过度关注名利时”，应用when引导。________ children do not是一个状语从句，空处在从句中作地点状语，应用连接副词where引导。故选C。 10．C 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：因为雨下得很大，所以我们不得不待在家里。A. If如果，表示条件关系；B. Although虽然，表示让步关系；C. Because因为，表示因果关系；D. Until直到，表示时间关系。“雨下得很大”是“我们不得不待在家里”的原因，“Because”表示因果关系，引导原因状语从句，故选C。 11．B 【解析】考查原因状语从句和同位语从句。句意：由于数据泄露变得越来越普遍，对隐私的担忧也在增加，一个人的私人信息面临风险的可能性也越来越高。A. Given that; whether鉴于，是否；B. Now that; that由于，那；C. But that; whether但是，是否；D. Except that； that除此之外，那。结合语意可知，由于数据泄露变得普遍，所以对隐私的担忧在增加，所以第一空应用now that引导原因状语从句，第二空引导同位语从句，解释说明名词chance的内容，且从句中不缺少成分以及意义，应用that引导从句。故选B。 12．A 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：——既然你这么喜欢电脑，为什么不买呢？——好吧，我买不起这么贵的电脑。A. Now that既然；B. As soon as一……就；C. Even if即使；D. As long as只要。分析语境可知，空处表示“既然”，now that表示“既然”，引导原因状语从句。故选A项。 13．A 【解析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：考虑到我挣的钱不多，通常我会尽量节省。given that假定， 已知，考虑到；as that短语不存在；providing that前提是；so that因此。根据“I don’t earn that much.”可知，此处意为考虑到自己没有挣那么多的钱。故选A。 14．A 【解析】考查连词和介词辨析。句意：——她非常善于处理困难。——因为她受过特殊训练，明白吗？A. Because因为；B. Because of因为；C. As if好像；D. As long as只要；根据语境和后文“see?”可知，此处说明“她善于处理困难的原因”，because of是介词短语，不接从句。故选A项。 15．B 【解析】考查原因状语从句。句意：年轻消费者是上海新兴商业和服务业的主要推动力，因为他们在这方面的支出贡献很大。A. when当……时候，引导时间状语从句；B. as因为，引导原因状语从句；C. if如果，引导条件状语从句。根据上文“Young consumers are the major driving force of emerging businesses and services in Shanghai(年轻消费者是上海新兴商业和服务业的主要推动力)”以及下文“they contribute greatly to the spending in this regard(他们在这方面的支出贡献很大)”可知，下文是上文的原因，所以下文为原因状语从句，应使用表示“原因”含义的连接词连接状语从句，故选B项。 16．B 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：既然你对清明两朝知之甚少，你最好多读一些有关的书。A. Unless除非；B. Since既然；C. Although尽管；D. Whether是否。根据“you know little about the Qing and Ming dynasties,”可知，表示已知的、明显的理由，用since引导原因状语从句。故选B。 17．D 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：考试期间学生们保持安静，以便每个人都能专心学习。A. as if好像；B. even though即使；C. in case以防万一；D. so that以便。此处表示目的，应用so that引导目的状语，故选D。 18．A 【解析】考查状语从句的引导词。句意：玛丽刚才把窗户关上了，以便不让虫子进来。A. so that以便；B.when当……时；C.till直到；D.after在……之后。根据句意可知，关窗户的目的是把虫子挡在外面。用so that引导目的状语从句，故选A。 19．C 【解析】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：你应该带上一件夹克，以防过会儿变天，天气会冷。A. so that以至于；B. as if好像；C. in case以防万一；D. even if即使。根据句意，带上夹克的目的就是为了防止天气变冷，in case符合题意，故选C项。 20．B 【解析】考查结果状语从句。 句意：它们是如此有趣的小说，以至于我想在线阅读它们。 根据句子结构可知，空处需用连词引导结果状语从句，so...that...和such...that...都可引导结果状语从句，so修饰形容词或副词，such修饰名词，此处interesting novels是名词短语，所以空处需用such，构成such...that...结构，表示“如此……以至于……”。 故选B。 21．C 【解析】考查结果状语从句。句意：长城是一个如此好的地方，以至于每年都有数以百万计的游客来参观它。句中使用了“so + 形容词 + a/an + 可数名词单数 + that...”结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，表示长城是一个如此好的地方，以至于每年有数百万人来参观，故空处应填that。故选C。 22．B 【解析】考查固定句型。句意：他是如此聪明的一个男孩，以至于我们都喜欢他。由下文的that并结合选项可知，此处为so/such...that句型，修饰单数名词a boy，可用such a smart boy，或者so smart a boy，表示“如此聪明的一个男孩”，故选B。 23．C 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：玛丽在瑜伽练习中如此专注，以至于她没有注意到外面下着大雨。本题考查so+adj.+that…结构，表示“如此……以致于……”，引导结果状语从句。so+adj.可放置在句首，后面的句子用倒装结构。故选C。 24．B 【解析】考查定语从句和结果状语从句。句意：史密斯先生对比尔所做的一切非常生气，于是离开了。空1引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词all，关系词在从句中作宾语，用that；空2为so...that...句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，连接结果状语从句，故选B。 25．B 【解析】考查结果状语从句以及形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：但达尔文的科学研究是如此令人信服，越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。分析句子可知，此处为“so+形容词+that…”引导的结果状语从句，结合more and more people started to believe his theory可知，该句形容词应为convincing“令人信服的”，满足句意要求；A选项disgrace“耻辱”；C项beneficial“有益的”；D项fascination“魅力”均不符合实意。故选B项。 26．C 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：一旦环境破坏造成，就需要很多年才能恢复。A. While在……期间；尽管，常用来引导时间状语从句或让步状语从句；B. Before在……之前，引导时间状语从句，表示某个动作在另一个动作之前发生；C. Once一旦，引导条件状语从句，表示某个条件一旦满足，就会产生相应的结果。在此句中，“一旦环境破坏造成”是条件，“需要很多年才能恢复”是结果，符合句意；D. Unless除非，如果不，引导条件状语从句，但表示的是否定条件，即如果不满足某个条件，则会产生相应的结果。故选C项。 27．C 【解析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：只要你努力工作，一切皆有可能。A. as much as多达；B. as soon as一……就……；C. as long as只要；D. as far as就……而言。此处指只要努力，一切皆有可能，应用as long as引导条件状语从句。故选C。 28．C 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：传统的运动，如仰卧起坐、俯卧撑和引体向上，只要你做得正确，都能很好地增强身体。A. since自从；B. unless除非；C. providing只要；D. before之前。此处需要使用连接词引导从句，句中“you do them properly. (你做的正确)”是“great for strengthening the body (对强健身体有好处)”的条件，因此此处需要使用providing引导条件状语从句。故选C。 29．B 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：除非你努力学习，否则你无法通过考试。A. if如果；B. unless除非；C. when当……时；D. after在……之后。根据“You can’t pass the exam”以及“you study hard”可知，除非努力学习，否则无法通过考试，用连词unless引导条件状语从句，表示“除非”符合语境。故选B项。 30．A 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：他告诉我，如果他的论文在那个时候写完，他将在下周日飞往北京度假。if引导条件状语从句，主句“he will fly to Beijing for a holiday next Sunday”使用一般将来时，从句要用相应的现在时态表将来，“by that time (到那个时候)”表示截止到将来某个时间点，应用现在完成时来表示在将来某个时间之前已经完成的动作。故选A。 31．C 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：除非父母和我们在一起，否则我们不能去游泳。太危险了。A. if如果；B. when当……时候；C. unless除非；D. until直到。根据句意可知，此处为连词unless“除非”引导条件状语从句，满足句意要求。故选C项。 32．C 【解析】考查条件状语从句。句意：——坐双层巴士游览这个城市怎么样？——好吧，只要不拥挤就行。现在双层巴士很流行。A. as though好像，仿佛，引导方式状语从句或表语从句；B. in case以防，万一，引导目的状语从句；C. as long as只要，引导条件状语从句；D. now that既然，由于，引导原因状语从句。在这个对话中，说话者同意乘坐双层巴士游览城市，但是有个条件就是车上不拥挤，as long as“只要”符合这种逻辑关系。故选C。 33．A 【解析】考查连词和介词。句意：假设你处在一个权威的位置上，考虑到目前的情况，你会有什么不同的做法？“ that you were placed in a position of authority”是假设的条件状语从句，用连词assuming引导，其意为“假定，假设”；“ the present situation”也作条件状语，用介词given引导，其意为“考虑到；如果”。故选A项。 34．C 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论人们在物质上多么富有，他们都应该始终追求更深层次的生活意义。A. Wherever无论哪里；B. Whatever无论什么；C, However无论多么；D. Whoever无论谁。根据句意可知，本句为however引导的让步状语从句。however在此相当于no matter how，修饰materially rich，however引导让步状语从句时，其完整结构为：However + adj./adv. + S + V。故选C。 35．C 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：Jeff虽然取得了很大的成功，但他仍然努力工作。A. if如果；B. before在之前；C. though虽然；D. because因为。根据空前“Jeff still works hard”和空后“he has achieved great success”可知，两句话构成让步关系，用though引导让步状语从句。故选C。 36．B 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：当艺术领域的新运动促成某种潮流时最好弄清楚其倡导者的目标是什么因为无论他们的原则现在看起来多么不合理未来这些原则都有可能被视为正常。此处为连词引导的状语从句，且此空修饰形容词unreasonable，构成“however+形容词+主语+谓语”结构引导让步状语从句，意为“无论多么”，相当于“no matter how”符合语法和语境。故选B项。 37．C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析和让步状语从句。句意：重要的是，我们要更好地了解我们的野生邻居，甚至学会欣赏它们，无论它们如何适应我们的城市生活方式。A. thank感谢，whatever无论什么；B. remove移除，whenever无论何时；C. appreciate欣赏，however无论怎样；D. contact联系，wherever无论哪里。根据our wild neighbours可知，第一个空格处应表达“欣赏”野生动物的意思，故用appreciate。根据they adapt to our ways of urban living可知，第二个空格处应表达“无论如何”的意思，故用however。故选C。 38．A 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：尽管地球的景象非常壮观，太空行走并不像你想象的那样令人兴奋。第一空为“形容词+as/though+主语+谓语”结构，其中as/though引导让步状语从句；第二空和第三空为“as/so+adj.+as…”引导的比较状语从句结构，在该结构中，so通常用于否定句中，所以第二空为so，第三空为as。故选A项。 39．B 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管天气不佳，但由于艺术家们的精彩表演，这场户外音乐会仍然取得了巨大成功。A. Since自从；B.While尽管；C. In spite of尽管、不管；D. Even so尽管如此。句意和句子结构分析可知，设空处引导让步状语从句，in spite of为介词（短语），后接名词或动名词短语作宾语，表示“尽管”；even so是副词短语，表示“尽管如此”，不能引导从句，While为连词，表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句符合语境。故选B。 40．D 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：他有一大堆事情要做，但我觉得他说得好像他有很多时间一样。A. even if即使；B. so that以便；C. if ever如果有的话；D. as though好像。引导方式状语从句，且从句“he had all the time in the world”为与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故用as though。故选D。 41．C 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：学生们被要求在文件上留下评论，就好像他们是一位教授在评估学生的作业一样。A. whenever无论何时；B. as long as只要；C. as if好像；D. in that因为。根据句意可知，此处表示“好像”他们是一位教授在评估学生的作业，应用连词as if引导方式状语从句。故选C。 42．C 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他还太年轻，不能按照我们希望的方式做这项工作。A. since因为；B. while然而，当……时候；C. the way这种方式，按照……的方式；D. the moment一……就……。此处意为“按照……的方式”，故应用the way引导方式状语从句，故选C。 43．D 【解析】考查比较状语从句，省略和非谓语动词。句意：他周末花在玩电子游戏上的时间比花在复习考试上的时间还多。not so...as...是比较状语从句结构，意为“不如……那样……”，空格处用does代替前面的spends，spend some time doing sth.是固定短语，意为“花费时间做某事”，因此空格处是does playing。故选D。 44．C 【解析】考查名词性从句和连词。句意：要接受他们，给他们以鼓励，让他们能像你一样过得丰多彩，充实美满。第一空考查宾语从句，从句中缺少表语，且指人，所以用连接词who引导；第二空考查“as +形容词+a/an+名词+ as ”结构。故选C。 45．B 【解析】考查状语从句和主谓一致。句意：他行动起来比他妹妹慢。than后接从句，引导比较状语从句，根据moves可知句子是一般现在时，主语为his sister，故应用does。故选B。 46．B 【解析】考查比较状语从句和句子结构。句意：这个研究项目的目的比起我们来说对于他们有着更不同的意义。根据句意不难还原出完整的句子应该是“The purpose of the research project has a more different meaning for them than the meaning that the purpose of the research project has for us”，其中主语The purpose of the research project已经出现要用it代替，而后句中同一主语同一谓语后的the meaning也需要省略。故选B项。 47．A 【解析】考查状语从句和定语从句。句意：这部电影的情节按我所预见的那样发展，这让我作为一个电影爱好者有点乏味。分析句子结构，第一个空引导的是方式状语从句，表示“按照我预见的那样”，所以应用as引导，意为“按照”；第二个空引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词指代的是前面主句的内容，所以应用which引导，且在从句中作主语。故选A。 48．D 【解析】考查方式状语从句。句意：水之于鱼，犹如空气之于人。分析句子可知，此处为as表示“像……”引导的方式状语从句，由as，just as引导的方式状语从句也可以放在句首，主句前常加so与之呼应，以加强语气，而且用倒装语序。此句相当于：Air is to man as water is to fish. 故选D项。 49．A 【解析】考查连词短语辨析。句意：确保将屏幕上的所有工作保存好，以防电脑出故障。A. in case以防，万一；B. in order that为了，以便；C. ever since自从；D. even though尽管，即使。根据句意可知，此处表示“以防电脑出故障”的意思，引导状语从句，表示一种预防性的措施。故选A项。 二、 1 50．Despite 51．gained 52．which 53．Though/Although 54．were wiped 55．robbed 56．they 57．cutting 58．Even when/Even if 59．as 【解析】这是一篇说明文。一项发人深省的新研究表明，工作日睡眠不足对健康的负面影响是无法通过马拉松式的周末睡眠来逆转的。尽管在周末的恢复期完全可以睡懒觉和小憩，但在睡眠实验室中，那些工作日睡眠时间被限制在5小时以内的参与者在两周内体重增加了近3磅，并经历了代谢紊乱，这将长期增加他们患糖尿病的风险。 50．考查介词。句意：尽管在周末的恢复期完全可以睡懒觉和小憩，但在睡眠实验室中，那些工作日睡眠时间被限制在5小时以内的参与者在两周内体重增加了近3磅，并经历了代谢紊乱，这将长期增加他们患糖尿病的风险。根据句意可知表示“尽管；即使”，故填介词Despite。 51．考查动词时态。根据句意可知，描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，故填gained。 52．考查定语从句连接词。本句为定语从句修饰先行词metabolic disorder，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故填which。 53．考查连接词。句意：虽然周末恢复性睡眠在一周的睡眠不足后有一些好处，但当人们在下周再次陷入同样的睡眠限制时，这些好处就被抵消了。本句为让步状语从句，表示“虽然；尽管”，故填Though/Although。 54．考查动词时态语态。本句主语gains与谓语动词wipe构成被动，且时态为一般过去时，主语为复数名词，故填were wiped。 55．考查非谓语动词。本句中rob做非谓语动词与逻辑主语构成被动关系，故用过去分词robbed。 56．考查代词。句意：如果补觉有什么好处，当你回到你的日常生活中，它们就消失了。本句缺少主语指代上文benefits，故填代词they。 57．考查非谓语动词。句意：赖特说，这项研究表明，人们应该优先考虑睡眠，剔除那些可选的“睡眠杀手”。本句中cut做非谓语动词与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，故用现在分词cutting。 58．考查连接词。句意：即使人们因照顾孩子的责任或工作安排而不得不减少睡眠，他们也应该像重视健康饮食或锻炼一样，优先考虑保证睡眠。本句为让步状语从句，表示“即使；虽然”，用even when或者even if。位于句首，首字母大写。故填Even when/if。 59．考查连接词。句意同上。本句为方式状语从句，表示“像……一样”，故填as。 2 60．achieving 61．experienced 62．judgment 63．them 64．is given 65．an 66．relaxed 67．If 68．Similarly 69．cautiously 【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文的主要内容是给人建议是一门艺术，本文就如何给出建议提出了几个注意事项。 60．考查非谓语动词。句意：它有助于以更好的方式实现目标。根据空前in可知，空处填动词-ing形式，故填achieving。 61．考查形容词。句意：经验丰富的人提供他们的建议。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词修饰后面的名词people，experienced意为“有经验的”，符合句意，故填experienced。 62．考查名词。句意：正如我们所知，经验丰富的人以积极的态度提供建议，而不做任何判断。根据空前a可知，空处填名词，judgment意为“判断”，故填judgment。 63．考查代词。句意：事实上，你的重点应该是帮助他人，并让他们意识到，如果本着正确的态度采纳这些建议，它们是有用的。分析句子结构可知，空处填代词，make sb. aware意为“让某人意识到”，再结合句意可知，此处用them指代others，故填them。 64．考查被动语态。句意：当提出建议时，应该简短。分析句子结构可知，空处填谓语，主语是advice和give之间是被动关系，再结合语境可知，此处用一般现在时，故填is given。 65．考查冠词。句意：因为提供建议是一门艺术。分析句子结构可知，空处填冠词，再结合语境可知，art是元音开头，且表示泛指，故填an。 66．考查形容词。句意：你应该总是先说积极的一面，这样对方才会放松。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词，relaxed意为“放松的”，符合句意，故填relaxed。 67．考查状语从句连词。句意：如果你的朋友想买一辆车，并向你征求意见，你的目标应该是告诉他要买的东西的细节。分析句子结构可知，空处填从属连词引导状语从句，再结合句意可知，空处填if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”故填If。 68．考查副词。句意：在其他一些重要问题上，比如维持关系或未来规划，需要谨慎地给出建议。分析句子结构可知，空处填副词，修饰空后的句子，再结合句意可知，similarly意为“相似地”，故填Similarly。 69．考查副词。句意：在其他一些重要问题上，比如维持关系或未来规划，需要谨慎地给出建议。分析句子结构可知，空处填副词，修饰空前be given，再结合句意可知，cautiously 意为“谨慎地”，故填cautiously。 3 70．which 71．separation 72．fearing 73．when 74．with 75．prepared 76．strongly 77．was sharpening 78．to arrive 79．rose 【解析】本文属于故事，讲述原始人的生活场景。 70．考查定语从句。分析句子可知，was a family reunion after a long 　　2　　（ separate）为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the feast，从句缺乏主语，故用关系代词which。 71．考查名词。形容词long修饰名词，故用separation。 72．考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，fear作伴随状语，与其逻辑主语Lala为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式fearing。 73．考查时间状语从句。本句为结构had done sth when刚做完某事突然，故用when。 74．考查介词。分析句子可知，名词hunger作介词的宾语，故用with hunger 饥饿地，故用with。 75．考查被动语态。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，prepare与主语dinner为动宾关系，故用被动语态，故用过去分词形式prepared。 76．考查副词。修饰形容词pronounced用副词，故用strongly。 77．考查过去进行时。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，sharpen与主语为主谓关系，由于and并列，表示两个动作同时进行，前一句为进行时，则本句也应用进行时，故用was sharpening。 78．考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，guests由序数词修饰，后置定语用不定式，故用to arrive。 79．考查一般过去时。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，rise与主语spirits为主谓关系，陈述过去事情，故用一般过去时rose。 4 80．stressful 81．unable 82．to study 83．when 84．Losing 85．wide 86．must 87．Drink 88．to 89．sleepier 【解析】本文属于应用文，学生写信询问上课犯困的问题，老师给与相应的解决建议。 80．考查形容词。分析句子可知，本句缺乏表语，描述学校生活的性质，故用stressful充满压力的。 81．考查形容词。分析句子可知，本句缺乏状语，修饰students，故用形容词unable，表示不能集中注意力。 82．考查不定式作目的状语。分析句子可知，study作目的状语，故用不定式to study。 83．考查时间状语从句。分析句子可知，you're tired作时间状语修饰句子，从句缺乏状语，故用连接副词when。 84．考查动名词短语作主语。分析句子可知，本句缺乏主语，故用动名词作主语，故用Losing。 85．考查副词。本句为短语wide awaken完全清醒着，故用wide。 86．考查情态动词。分析句子可知，如果你一定要用手机，那么要用过滤蓝光的软件。本句为must的特殊用法，偏要，一定要，故用must。 87．考查祈使句。分析句子可知，本句为祈使句，故用动词原形，故用Drink。 88．考查介词。分析句子可知，本句缺乏介词，本句为短语as to至于，关于，故用to。 89．考查形容词的比较级。根据本句的than可知，本句为比较级结构，根据句意，故用sleepier。 1 / 29 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 状语从句 目录 学考要求速览 必备知识梳理 高频考点精讲 英语中八类状语从句的用法 进阶分级练 高考英语对状语从句的考查以语境化、实用性为核心，重点聚焦语法知识在语言运用中的实际价值。从考查范围来看，覆盖时间、让步、条件、原因、目的等主要从句类型，其中时间状语从句（如when/while/as的辨析、since/before的固定句型）、让步状语从句（如although/even if/however的用法）和条件状语从句（如if/unless/as long as的运用）为高频考点，近十年真题中相关考查占比超70%。命题并非孤立考查语法规则，而是将状语从句融入完整语境，要求考生结合上下文逻辑关系做出判断，体现"用语法解决实际语言问题"的考查导向。 在考查形式与能力要求上，语法填空是核心题型，主要涉及两大方向：一是连接词的精准选择，需考生根据从句与主句的逻辑关系（如因果、转折、假设等）匹配恰当连词；二是状语从句的省略结构，重点考查从句主语与主句主语一致时的成分省略，常与非谓语动词结合，要求考生掌握"连词+分词"的省略形式转换规则。此外，短文改错中偶见状语从句连接词错用、漏用等问题，阅读理解和写作则要求考生能准确理解复杂从句逻辑，并运用其表达连贯语义。 备考需兼顾基础积累与能力迁移，既要系统掌握各类状语从句的连接词体系，熟记so...that...、it is+时间段+since...、not until倒装等固定句型，也要明确状语从句与定语从句、名词性从句的本质区别——前者侧重逻辑关系连接，后者侧重句子成分补充。 状语从句是高考英语语法的核心考点之一，它通过从属连词引导，在句中作状语，修饰谓语、定语或整个句子，可表示时间、条件、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较、方式等多种逻辑关系。 一、时间状语从句 1.基本概念 表示动作发生的 “时间关系”，如 “当…… 时”“在…… 之前”“直到……” 等。 2.常用引导词及用法 引导词 含义 关键考点 例句 when 当…… 时（时间点 / 时间段） 主句、从句可接延续性 / 非延续性动词；时态灵活 When I got home, my mother was cooking.（当我到家时，妈妈正在做饭。） while 当…… 时（时间段） 从句需接延续性动词；常表 “对比” While she was reading, her brother was playing games.（她看书时，弟弟在玩游戏。） as 当…… 时（强调 “同时”） 动作伴随发生，语气比 while 弱 As the sun rose, the fog disappeared.（太阳升起时，雾散了。） before 在…… 之前 常见 “it will be + 时间 + before” 结构 We must finish homework before we watch TV.（看电视前我们必须完成作业。） after 在…… 之后 从句动作先发生，主句动作后发生 After he graduated, he went to work in Beijing.（他毕业后，去了北京工作。） until/till 直到……（till 不用于句首） 肯定句中主句接延续性动词，否定句表 “直到…… 才” He waited until his sister came back.（他一直等到妹妹回来。）I didn’t go to bed till 11 o’clock.（我直到 11 点才睡觉。） as soon as 一…… 就…… 主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时（“主将从现”） As soon as the bell rings, the class begins.（铃声一响，上课就开始。） since 自从…… 以来；既然 从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 I have learned English since I was 6 years old.（我从 6 岁起就开始学英语了。） 二、条件状语从句 1.基本概念 表示主句动作发生的 “前提条件”，分为 “真实条件”（可能发生）和 “虚拟条件”（高考暂不重点考查）。 “主将从现” 规则：主句用一般将来时 / 情态动词（can/may/must）/ 祈使句，从句用一般现在时表将来。 2.常用引导词 引导词 含义 例句 if 如果；是否（宾语从句） If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。） unless 除非（=if not） You won’t pass the exam unless you study hard.（除非你努力学习，否则你不会通过考试。） as long as 只要 As long as you keep practicing, you will speak English well.（只要你坚持练习，就能说好英语。） on condition that 在…… 条件下 He agreed to help on condition that we share the work.（他同意帮忙，条件是我们分担工作。） 三、原因状语从句 1.基本概念 表示主句动作发生的 “原因”，引导词语气有差异（because 最强，since/as 较弱）。 2.常用引导词及用法 引导词 含义 语气 / 考点 例句 because 因为 回答 why 提问；不能与 so 连用 —Why do you like this book?（你为什么喜欢这本书？）—Because it’s interesting.（因为它很有趣。） since 既然；因为（已知原因） 语气弱，常译为 “既然”，引导 “显而易见的原因” Since everyone is here, let’s start the meeting.（既然大家都到了，我们就开始开会吧。） as 因为（比 since 更弱） 常位于句首，引导 “次要原因” As it was late, we decided to take a taxi.（因为天晚了，我们决定打车。） now that 既然（=since） 强调 “现在已知的原因”，口语化 Now that you know the truth, you can make a choice.（既然你知道了真相，就可以做选择了。） 四、目的状语从句 1.基本概念 表示主句动作的 “目的”（即 “为了……”“以便……”）。 2.常用引导词及 “情态动词” 规则（从句常含情态动词（can/could/may/might），表 “能够、可以”） 引导词 含义 例句 so that 为了；以便（=in order that） He studies hard so that he can get good grades.（他努力学习是为了能取得好成绩。） in order that 为了（比 so that 更正式，可位于句首） In order that we can catch the early bus, we need to get up at 6.（为了赶上早班车，我们需要 6 点起床。） lest 以免；唯恐（后接 should + 动词原形） She locked the door lest someone should break in.（她锁了门，以免有人闯入。） 五、结果状语从句 1.基本概念 表示主句动作带来的 “结果”，常与 “目的状语从句” 对比（目的表 “意图”，结果表 “事实”）。 2.常用引导词及 “so/such” 区别 引导词 结构 例句 so so + 形容词 / 副词 + that He is so tall that he can reach the shelf.（他个子很高，能碰到架子。） such such + (a/an) + 名词 + that It is such a cold day that we don’t want to go out.（天气太冷，我们不想出去。） so that 结果是（无情态动词，区别于目的状语从句） He didn’t study hard, so that he failed the exam.（他没努力学习，结果考试不及格了。） 六、让步状语从句 1.基本概念 表示 “尽管、即使” 等转折关系，即 “虽然有某个条件，但主句动作仍发生”。 2.常用引导词及特殊用法 引导词 含义 特殊考点（倒装 / 搭配） 例句 though/although 虽然；尽管 不能与 but 连用；though 可位于句末 Although it rained, we still went hiking.（尽管下了雨，我们还是去徒步了。） even if/even though 即使 表 “假设的让步”，语气比 though 强 Even if you don’t help me, I can finish it alone.（即使你不帮我，我也能独自完成。） as 尽管（必须倒装） 形容词 / 副词 / 名词（不带 a/an）+ as + 主语 + 谓语 Young as he is, he knows a lot.（尽管他很年轻，却懂得很多。） no matter + 疑问词（what/how/when 等） 无论…… 等同于 “疑问词 + ever”（如 whatever=no matter what） No matter how hard it is, I will keep trying.（无论多困难，我都会继续努力。） 七、比较状语从句 1.基本概念 表示两者之间的 “比较关系”，如 “和…… 一样”“比…… 更”“越…… 越……”。 2.常用引导词及结构 引导词 / 结构 含义 例句 as…as… 和…… 一样（原级比较） She runs as fast as her brother.（她跑得和她哥哥一样快。） not as/so…as… 不如……（否定原级） This book is not as interesting as that one.（这本书不如那本有趣。） than 比……（比较级） He is taller than any other student in his class.（他比班上其他任何学生都高。） the + 比较级，the + 比较级 越……，越…… The harder you work, the better grades you will get.（你越努力，成绩就会越好。） 八、方式状语从句 1.基本概念 表示主句动作的 “方式”，即 “像…… 一样”“按照…… 方式”。 2.常用引导词及例句 引导词 含义 例句 as 像…… 一样；按照 Do as your teacher tells you.（按照老师说的做。） as if/as though 好像；仿佛（可接虚拟语气） He talks as if he knows everything.（他说话的样子好像什么都知道。） as…so… 正如……，也…… As water is to fish, so air is to man.（正如鱼离不开水，人也离不开空气。） 考点精讲讲练 11．______ the reasons behind these species entering our cities, one thing is for sure — as it’s often a means of their survival, they could be with us to stay. A．Whenever B．Whichever C．Whatever D．Wherever 【答案】C 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：无论这些物种进入我们城市的原因是什么，有一点是肯定的——因为这通常是它们的一种生存手段，它们可能会一直和我们在一起。A.  Whenever无论什么时候； B.  Whichever无论哪一个；C.  Whatever无论什么；D.  Wherever无论在哪里。此处应为连词引导的状语从句，从句中省略了谓语动词are，结合句意，此处表示“无论什么”，修饰reason，应用whatever引导，位于句首，首字母需大写。故选C。 12．The young man saved money for years, ______ he could afford to buy his own house. He was very proud of himself, ______ his parents were also happy for him. A．in order that; but B．such that; or C．to that; nor D．so that; and 【答案】D 【解析】考查连词。句意：这个年轻人多年来一直在存钱，这样他就能买得起自己的房子了。他为自己感到非常自豪，他的父母也为他感到高兴。由句意第一空应填目的状语从句引导词so that，意为“以便”，引导目的状语从句；第二空前后为并列关系，应用并列and，连接两个并列的句子，表示顺承关系。故选D项。 13．You will surely improve your oral English skills ________ you keep speaking English every day. A．even if B．as though C．in case D．as long as 【答案】D 【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：只要你每天坚持说英语，你的英语口语能力一定会提高。A. even if即使；B. as though好像；C. in case以防，万一；D. as long as只要。根据句意和you keep speaking English every day可知，这里指只要你每天坚持说英语，口语就会提高，所以应用as long as，引导条件状语从句，强调“持续每天说英语”是“能力提升”的前提。故选D项。 14．____________ you eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables, and get plenty of exercise can you really be healthy. A．Suppose that B．Unless C．Provided that D．Only if 【答案】D 【解析】考查状语从句及倒装。句意：只有在摄入充足新鲜蔬果并保持适量运动的情况下，你才能真正保持健康。A. Suppose that假设，假定；B. Unless除非；C. Provided that倘若；D. Only if只有当……时。句子使用了倒装结构can you…，选项中只有Only if“只有当……时”位于句首时会引起主句倒装，引导的是条件状语从句。故选D。 1．Though it was against his parents’ expectations. Zhang Tian thought he should teach _______ he was needed most. A．where B．which C．in where D．in which 2．It was ________ Laura posted some false information on the Internet ________ she was arrested. A．because; so B．for; so C．because; that D．unless; that 3．________ you have seen he is poor, you should understand why he has to take up two part-time jobs. A．As long as B．Even though C．Now that D．While 4．A look of astonishment spread across her face ________ she ________ her old classmate at the reunion. A．the instant; saw B．at the instant; was seen C．the instant when; had seen D．for an instant; sees 5．________ finished speaking when someone rose to refuse his points. A．Hardly he had B．He has hardly C．Hardly had he D．Hardly he has 6．She was so angry at all ________ he was doing ________ she walked out, and closed the door. A．that, that B．what, when C．what, as D．that, which 7．—Did Jack come back early last night? It really ________ me. —Yes, it was not yet eight o’clock ________ he arrived home. A．was concerned about; when B．concerned; when C．concerned; that D．was concerned about; that 8．________ you are aware of the tricks used in ads, you won’t be so eager to purchase the product. A．Once B．Until C．Though D．Whether 9．The Internet has made ______ possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily ______ they are on opposite sides of the world. A．that; even though B．it; even if C．it; as if D．that; unless 10．_____ you are going through in the future, don’t be afraid and just believe yourself. A．Whatever B．What C．Whoever D．Who 训练 一、单项选择 1．It was not until ________ on that stormy mountaintop ________ true courage comes from facing fear, not avoiding it. A．stood alone; that I realized B．I stood alone; did I realize C．I stood alone; that I realized D．when I stood alone; did I realize 2．______ on a clear day, far from the city crowds, the mountains give him a sense of infinite peace. A．Walking B．When one is walking C．Having walked D．When walking 3．______ got into the room ______ the telephone rang. A．He had hardly... then B．Hardly had he... when C．He had no sooner... when D．No sooner had he... when 4．He fell in love with Mozart’s classical music ________ he sang for the university choir. A．which B．where C．when D．that 5．He has studied very hard ______ he came to our class. A．when B．and C．since D．so 6．“You should put the book ________ you found it.” The librarian gently reminded. A．when B．where C．that D．wherever 7．He discovered that he had left his umbrella ______ he had lunch. A．wherever B．in the place C．in the place which D．where 8．With the COVID-19 outbreak improving in China, more and more people are willing to take a plane to go ______ the scenery is really appealing during the vocation. A．as long as B．since C．where D．in case 9．Adults, ______ overly concerned with fame and fortune, sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things ________ children do not. A．unless; but B．although; and C．when; where D．even if; unless 10．_______ it rains heavily, we have to stay at home. A．If B．Although C．Because D．Until 11．________ data leaks have become more common, worries about privacy are growing, and the chance ________ a person’s private details are at risk is getting higher. A．Given that; whether B．Now that; that C．But that; whether D．Except that; that 12．—______ you like the computer so much, why not buy it? —Well, I can’t afford so expensive a computer. A．Now that B．As soon as C．Even if D．As long as 13．Usually I am sparing with money, as I have to be, ______that I don’t earn that much. A．given B．as C．providing D．so 14．—She is highly skilled at dealing with difficulties. —__________ she’s had special training, see? A．Because B．Because of C．As if D．As long as 15．Young consumers are the major driving force of emerging businesses and services in Shanghai ________they contribute greatly to the spending in this regard. A．when B．as C．if 16．______ you know little about the Qing and Ming dynasties, you’d better read more books about them. A．Unless B．Since C．Although D．Whether 17．The students stay quiet during the test ________ everyone can concentrate on their work. A．as if B．even though C．in case D．so that 18．Mary shut the window just now 　　　she could keep the insects out. A．so that B．when C．till D．after 19．You should bring your jacket with you __________ the weather takes a turn and becomes cold later. A．so that B．as if C．in case D．even if 20．They are ________ interesting novels that I want to read them online. A．so B．such C．very D．now 21．The Great Wall is so good a place ________ millions of tourists come to visit it each year. A．as B．which C．that D．where 22．He is _________ that we all like him. A．so a smart boy B．such a smart boy C．so smart boy D．such smart boy 23．So absorbed was Mary in her yoga exercises ________ she took no notice of the heavy rain outside. A．because B．so C．that D．as 24．Mr. Smith was so angry at all _______ Bill was doing _______he left. A．that; what B．that; that C．which; which D．what; that 25．But Darwin’s scientific studies were ________ more and more people started to believe his theory. A．such disgraces that B．so convincing that C．so beneficial that D．such a fascination that 26．________ the environmental damage is done, it will take many years to recover. A．While B．Before C．Once D．Unless 27．Everything is possible ______ you work hard. A．as much as B．as soon as C．as long as D．as far as 28．Traditional exercises like sit-ups, press-ups and pull-ups are great for strengthening the body, ________ you do them properly. A．since B．unless C．providing D．before 29．You can’t pass the exam _______ you study hard. A．if B．unless C．when D．after 30．He has told me that he will fly to Beijing for a holiday next Sunday if his paper ________ by that time. A．has been finished B．will have been finished C．had been finished D．was finished 31．We can’t go swimming _________ our parents are with us. It’s too dangerous. A．if B．when C．unless D．until 32．—What about taking a double-decker bus for a tour of the city? —OK, ________ it’s not crowded. Double-deckers are very popular right now. A．as though B．in case C．as long as D．now that 33．________ that you were placed in a position of authority, what would you do differently ________ the present situation? A．Assuming; given B．Assuming; giving C．Assumed; given D．Assumed; giving 34．________ materially rich people are, they should always strive for deeper meaning in life. A．Wherever B．Whatever C．However D．Whoever 35．Jeff still works hard ______ he has achieved great success. A．if B．before C．though D．because 36．When a new movement in art contributes to a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for ________ unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. A．whatever B．however C．that D．which 37．It’s important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to ________ our wild neighbours, ________ they adapt to our ways of urban living. A．thank; whatever B．remove; whenever C．appreciate; however D．contact; wherever 38．Splendid ________ the view of the Earth is, spacewalking is not ________ exciting ________ you might think. A．as, so, as B．like, as, as C．though, such, as D．so, such, as 39． the weather was unfavorable, the outdoor concert was still a huge success due to the excellent performance of the artists. A．Since B．While C．In spite of D．Even so 40．He has mountains of things to do, but I think he is talking ________ he had all the time in the world. A．even if B．so that C．if ever D．as though 41．Students were asked to leave comments on the document, ______ they were a professor assessing a student’s work. A．whenever B．as long as C．as if D．in that 42．He is still too young to do the job ________ we want it done. A．since B．while C．the way D．the moment 43．He spends not so much time studying for his exams as he ________ video games on weekends. A．does to play B．plays C．is playing D．does playing 44．Just accept the disabled for ________they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life ________you do. A．whom; so B．which; like C．who; as D．that; as 45．He moves more slowly than his sister . A．do B．does C．doing D．did 46．The purpose of the research project has a more different meaning for them than _________. A．that for us B．it has for us C．it did for us D．it did for ours 47．The plot of the film develops__________ I foresee, __________makes it a little dull for me as an enthusiast of films. A．as; which B．as; who C．the way; which D．where; what 48． air is to man, so is water to fish. A．Since B．Just C．Like D．As 49．Make sure you save all your work on screen _____ the computer breaks down. A．in case B．in order that C．ever since D．even though 二、语法填空 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Weekend “catch-up” sleep is a lie The negative health effects of skimping on sleep during the week can’t be reversed by marathon weekend sleep sessions, according to sobering new study. 50 complete freedom to sleep in and nap during a weekend recovery period, participants in a sleep laboratory who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays 51 (gain) nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced metabolic disorder 52 would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term. 53 weekend recovery sleep had some benefits after a single week of insufficient sleep, those gains 54 (wipe) out when people plunged right back into the same schedule 55 (rob) of sleep the next Monday.       “If there are benefits of catch-up sleep, 56 are gone when you go back to your routine. It’s very short-lived.” said Kenneth Wright, director of the sleep and chronobiology laboratory at the University of Colorado at Boulder, who oversaw the work.         Wright said that the study suggests people should prioritize sleep, 57 (cut) out the optional “sleep stealers”. such as watching television shows or spending time on electronic devices. 58 people don’t have a choice about losing sleep due to child-care responsibilities or job schedules, they should take into consideration prioritizing sleep 59 they would a healthy diet or exercise. 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Advice is a word that is welcomed warmly by a lot of people. It helps in 60 (achieve) goals in a better way. As we know, 61 (experience) people offer their advice with a positive attitude without making a 62 (judge). You can learn how they give advice. Give advice to people who welcome it. In fact, your focus should be helping others and making 63 aware that the advice can be useful if taken in the right spirit. When advice 64 (give), it should be short. It is also essential that while giving advice, one should be fair. As giving advice is 65 art, you should always state the positive side first so that the person is 66 (relax) and would in turn welcome your advice. Give advice on certain matters. 67 a friend of yours wants to buy a car and requests your advice on the matter, your aim should be to give him details about things to be purchased, but you need not go for some particular brands or items. 68 (similar), advice on some other important issues, like staying in the relationship or future planning, needs to be given 69 (cautious). 3 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 One evening 18,000 BC, Lala turned for home with her collections of nuts and fruits. A feast was waiting for her, 70 was a family reunion after a long 71 （ separate）. How excited she was to meet his husband, Dahu, again!  Having heard wolves howling in the forest, Lala accelerated her steps 72 （ fear） there might be wild beasts lying in wait for her. She had almost reached her destination 73 a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped. The smell of meat filled the air and her senses became dizzy 74 hunger. She saw the great dinner was well 75 （ prepare）  . The family were doing their own duties and Dahu, with 76 （ strong ） pronounced eyebrows and cheekbones, 77 （ sharpen ） his tools. The first guests 78 （ arrive） for dinner were all from the neighbouring caves. Lala's  spirits 79 （ rise）. She smiled to herself gaily and went out of the cave to welcome her friends and neighbours. 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Q Dear Daniel My high school life is 80 （stress）. I try to sleep for a while at noon，but I still get sleepy in the afternoon. What should I do？ Heater A Dear Heater， This is a serious problem. As a teacher，I saw many students sleeping in class， 81 （able） to focus-even children！ Let's look at your lifestyle. Do you stay awake late at night？Do you use your smartphone before bed？Do you have caffeine at night？ First，late nights are a bad habit，even if you're staying up late 82 （study）.Research shows that studying 83 you're tired is less effective. 84 （lose）sleep makes you too tired in class the next day. You should sleep for seven or eight hours each night. Next，don't use your smartphone before bed. The screen keeps our eyes and brains   85 （wide）awake. If you 86 use a phone before bed，use a blue-light filter（过滤）app. Of course，you should avoid caffeine after dinner. This means no cola，no chocolate and no coffee. 87 （drink）non-caffeinated teas or water. As 88 your sleepy afternoons，napping（午休）is normal and healthy. It sounds like you need a "power nap”. These are 20-30 minute naps that give a boost（增强）of energy. Set your alarm for 25 minutes and get up when you hear it. Be careful！If you nap too long，you will feel 89 （sleep）than before. Proper sleep is an important part of a healthy life，so taking a nap is taking care of yourself. Good luck！ Daniel 1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $