专题11 2025全国二卷阅读理解B篇 (解读+技巧+变式) -2025年高考英语真题完全解读与考后提升

《2025年高考英语真题完全解读与考后提升》 专题11 2025全国二卷阅读理解B篇 (解读+技巧+变式) 原卷版 目 录 1 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 高考原题呈现 官方权威评价 考点多维变式 词汇考点变式（变形+生词+短语+单句） 题型解题指导 历年考点解读（记叙文） 实用满分技巧（记叙文） 题型考点变式（记叙文真题+模拟） ( 原题呈现 ) 阅读理解关键词：记叙文,人与社会，开设医院学校的特点，益处和人文关怀 Kathy Ho teaches high school inside Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford (LPCH). “Sometimes I don’t like saying that I’m a teacher,” says Ho. “People get in their minds an idea of what teachers do, but that’s not really what it is here.” “Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the priority. “If you’re scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. “I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.” There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class. She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. “They think their teachers don’t care about their schoolwork.” Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. “I actually think the medicine is only a small piece for some problems,” says Julie Good, director of pain management services at LPCH. “It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.” 24. Who does Ho teach at LPCH? A. Sick children. B. Young nurses. C. Medical students. D. Patients’ parents. 25. What is a characteristic of Ho’s job? A. Prioritizing academics. B. Encouraging innovation. C. Treating various diseases. D. Playing multiple roles. 26. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4? A. Offering regular lessons. B. Paying extra attention. C. Assigning no schoolwork. D. Showing no sympathy. 27. How does the hospital school benefit the students according to Good? A. It eases peer pressure. B. It helps them live in hope. C. It frees them from aches. D. It entertains them with stories. ( 权威评价哪家 ) 培育道德品格，启迪生命成长 试题选材围绕“人与自我”“人与社会”和“人与自然”三大主题，贴近学生的学习和生活实际，通过独特的视角，帮助学生了解多元化的个人、社区和学校生活，引导学生思考生命的意义与价值，树立积极向上的人生态度。全国二卷阅读B篇讲述开设在儿童医院中的学校如何帮助患者在住院期间心怀梦想、继续进行课业学习，体现对弱势群体的关怀和教育的温度。全国一卷读后续写语篇讲述作者在一次家庭聚会中与兄弟产生嫌隙，之后通过一番思想斗争决定主动登门道歉的故事，诠释了承担责任与宽容的可贵品质。全国二卷阅读第二节语篇介绍全家人一起参与志愿服务的好处，揭示家庭在道德教育中的示范作用以及奉献精神的多重价值。这些材料从不同角度启迪学生认识到个人行为对社会的积极影响，滋养仁爱之心与担当之志，为青少年扣好人生第一粒扣子注入精神力量。 ---《教育部教育考试院：2025年高考英语全国卷试题评析》 语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与社会--社会服务 语篇内容：开设在儿童医院中的学校兼顾病患学生的学业与身心健康，助力他们追逐梦想。 语篇立意：文章体现了社会对特殊群体教育需求的关注和重视，有助于推动医疗与教育融合，能够培养学生坚韧不拔的毅力、积极乐观的心态、同理心和关爱他人的品质。 语篇长度：310词 语篇结构： ( 考点变式 ) 一、词性转换 1.medicine n.药物→adj. _____________医疗的 2.increasing adj.不断增加的 →adv. _____________越来越多地 3.academic adj.学术的→n. _____________学者 4.prior prep在…… 之前→n. _____________优先权 5.scare vt.使害怕→adj. _____________害怕的 6.advise vt.建议→n. _____________顾问 7.comfort vt.使舒适 →n. _____________安慰者 8.assign vt.分配→n. _____________任务 9.psychology n.心理学→ adj. _____________心里的 10.manage vt.管理→n. _____________管理 11.priority n.优先事项→vt. _____________优先处理 12.innovate vt.创新→n. _____________创新 二、识词知意 1.procedure n. _____________ 2.recover vt_____________ 3.component n. _____________ 4.mental adj. _____________ 5.sympathy n. _____________ 6.peer n. _____________ 7.multiple adj. _____________ 8.entertain vt. _____________ 9.characteristic n. _____________ 10.disservice n. _____________ 11. piece n. _____________ 三、高频语块 1.be free of 2.be scared about 3.feel like 4.ease pressure 5.free sb from sth. 6.entertain sb with sth. 四、长难句分析 1.Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. 2. “If you’re scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. 五、真题语料改变单句语法填空 1.Kathy Ho ___________(teach) high school inside Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford (LPCH). 2.“Sometimes I don’t like saying that I’m a teacher,” says Ho. “People get in their minds an idea of ___________ teachers do, ___________ that’s not really what it is here.” 3.“Here” is room 386, ___________ each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. 4.The hospital school is free ___________ parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. 5.About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; ___________ are there for more than a year. 6.Most of Ho’s students will recover, ___________ means that preparing them to return to school is an ___________(increasing) important component of care. 7.Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the ___________(prior). 8.“If you’re scared ___________ something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. 9.“I’m a coach, an ___________(advise), and a ___________(comfort), and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.” 10.There are up to 30 students at any ___________(give) time in Ho’s class. 11.She ___________(general) works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. 12.Ho recognizes the ___________(psychology) benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. ( 解题指导 ) ( 6 年 高考 真题 记叙文 考点 解读 ) 年份 卷别 主题 话题 2025 2025新课标I卷 人与社会 讲述了师生“教学相长”的故事 2025新课标II卷 人与社会 讲述了医学院教师的工作情况 2025八省联考卷 人与社会 邮递员与社区的深厚情感 2024 2024新课标I卷 人与自然 中医针灸治疗动物 2024新课标II卷 人与社会 创新打印吸引顾客 2023 2023新课标I卷 人与自然 利用自然自我修复原理净化污水 2023新课标II卷 人与自我 学校科学项目 2023全国甲卷 人与社会 DIY成为女性新宠 2022 2022新课标Ⅱ卷 人与自我 记者生活趣事 2022全国甲卷 人与社会 悉尼发展遇到的问题 2020 2020全国I卷 人与自我 人与社会 逆境完成学业树榜样 书评 2020全国II卷 人与社会 宣传图书馆 2020全国III卷 人与社会 影视作品使用动物 英国多世同堂现象 ( 记叙文 满分 作答解题 技巧 ) 一、题型解读 记叙文是以写人、记事、状物为主要内容，以记叙和描写为表达方式的文章。一篇记叙文，无论长短都应该是一个完全独立的事实，描写人物、地点、事件和过程，表达作者的某种情感。主要具有以下特点： 内容上，记叙文应该包括六要素，即：时间、地点、人物、起因、经过和结果。可以按事件发生的时间顺序写，也可以按事件发生的先后写。 命题上，主要集中在多个事件的先后顺序与人物的情感态度上。 选材上，新颖、生动、真实、典型的素材描写，让读者有身临其境的感觉。 形式上，顺叙、倒叙、插叙。 语言上，一般过去时为主，各种时态为辅，合理使用丰富多彩的谓语动词时态是英语记叙文首要的语言特征；多用动词，尤其是动态强的行为动词是英语记叙文又一个明显的语言特征。 二、体裁结构 1.记叙文的开头通常交代事件的背景，即事件发生的时间、地点、有关人物等内容。 2.记叙文的展开（中间）通常以人物活动的时间顺序、空间位置变换、事件发生的顺序或人物的主次性格特征为行文线索。 3.记叙文的结尾通常是依照事件的发生、发展和结局这样一个自然的顺序来结尾。 三、写作意图 1.讲述故事 ( tell / narrate / relate a story) 2.分享经验  (share an experience) 3.纪念人物 (remember a person) 4.阐明道理 (communicate an idea / convey a message) 四、解题策略 1.关注细节  记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, who, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。  2.注重联系  在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。  3.读懂表象 主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如“What can be inferred from …?”或是What does the author imply in…?”之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。  4.挖掘意义  每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。 五、记叙文主旨概括题 1.首段法：首段主旨句；转折词后；破折号后 2.核心名词法：核心名词在文章中高频出现。可是“原词”或“同义词”不断曝光。 3.合并法：整合各段落大意，整合各段落首段信息 4.首位呼应法：整合首段和尾端信息 六、记叙文细节理解题 1.划出题干，选项关键词； 2.回忆文章结构，定位具体段落； 3.理解细节内容，最后找出答案； 4.正确选项的特征：原词复现/同义词、近义词替换；语言高度凝练概括。 七、实用答题妙招 1.阅读理解记叙文细节理解题居多，落实“题文同序”和“同义替换”。 2.数据计算题注重“原文定位”“细节理解”，弄清来龙去脉再计算。 3.文章寓意题要注意言外之意，尤其是首尾段做出合理推测判断。 4.人物性格描述题注意捕捉原文褒贬性词汇再进行同义替换和排除。 5.满分策略：读题干→找原文→做标记→留痕迹→看选项→扣字眼。 ( 分类变式 ) 变式一、高考记叙文真题5篇 01【2025八省联考卷】 Jim Johnson, a mail carrier, was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods. just north of downtown Wilmington, where he delivered much more than the mail. He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball. When he wasn't doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns(草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise. Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on. In many communities, that trust is won every day when life-saving medicine, greeting cards, social security checks, college acceptance letters-even the bills-appear in mailboxes in front of the houses. After more than three decades, Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other. He drove a boxy postal truck to North DuPont Road for the first unofficial stop of the day. Butch, a dog who belonged to one of the neighbors, was waiting just like every day before. And just like every day before, he got into the jump seat and they were off. On the route, Jim and Butch had become inseparable. Now, the dog and the mailman would ride off to retirement together. At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own. There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories. It’s been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier. That’s what the postal service means to us. 24. What do we know about Jim Johnson from the first paragraph? A. He’s open-minded. B. He’s sharp-eyed. C. He’s warm-hearted. D. He’s strong-willed. 25. What does the underlined word “disparaged” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Refused. B. Criticized. C. Investigated. D. Suspended. 26. What did Jim do besides daily delivery on his final days of work? A. He drove Butch to its owner. B. He sent presents to his friends. C. He prepared a retirement party. D. He said goodbye to the neighbors. 27. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To remember a respected mail carrier. B. To record an unforgettable experience. C. To raise funds for the postal service. D. To call for harmony in the community. 02【2023全国甲卷】Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £ 5 in pocket money. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and it was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.” Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures. So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.” With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around £ 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifth wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge. 24. Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1? A. An artist. B. A winner. C. A specialist. D. A pioneer. 25. Why did Terri’s grandfather give her £ 5 a day? A. For a birthday gift. B. As a treat for her work. C. To support her DIY projects. D. To encourage her to take up a hobby. 26. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented? A. By making it look like before. B. By furnishing it herself. C. By splitting the rent with a roommate. D. By cancelling the rental agreement. 27. What trend in DIY does the research show? A. It is becoming more costly. B. It is getting more time-consuming. C. It is turning into a seasonal industry. D. It is gaining popularity among females. 03【2023全国乙卷】Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation. Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes. To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way. Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography. I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment. One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英) rock around the lake. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. 24. How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest? A. By teaming up with other photographers. B. By shooting in the countryside or state parks. C. By studying the geographical conditions. D. By creating settings in the corn fields. 25. What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author? A. Proper time management. B. Good shooting techniques. C. Adventurous spirit. D. Distinctive styles. 26. What can we infer from the author trip with friends to Devil’s Lake? A. They went crazy with the purple quartz rock. B. They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset. C. They reached the shooting spot later than expected. D. They had problems with their equipment. 27. How does the author find his photos taken at Devil’s Lake? A. Amusing. B. Satisfying. C. Encouraging. D. Comforting. 04 【2025北京卷】Throughout our Junior year, my classmates and I have been worried about what colleges will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200-word essay. Will the golden word “success” form in their minds when they review our achievements? Or will they see the big word “fail” in red? The shadow of this mysterious (神秘的) institution steals away what success means to us. My first step of redefining success began with course registrations. It is a well-known fact, especially in my school, that Junior year is the time of packing many AP classes into the schedule. When asked why they chose so many AP classes, my friends responded: “I don’t know.” They themselves don’t know why they are following the crowd and longing for the pressures of academic difficulty. Therefore, they do not feel the satisfaction of being academically challenged. Completing many courses no longer brings out the feeling of success because more than four AP classes per year is a norm set by top universities. Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy. The feeling of success was no longer attached to what grade I received but to the pure joy of learning. Even my failures are attached to a feeling of success; after I take a step back and look at the big picture, I see them as a launching pad (平台) for my next big achievement. In the ninth grade, I went in for my first group interview for a leadership position as a shy girl. Not standing a chance against competitive applicants, I came out of the interview with an upset look. Nevertheless, this interview wasn’t a wasted opportunity. I talked to one of the senior applicants who answered questions in a way that reflected the faith she had in herself. This year, with an open mind and new knowledge in mind, I walked into another group interview while telling myself I was that cool senior. I managed to secure a leadership position. Ultimately, success came little by little. 24. Throughout the Junior year, what was the author’s major concern? A. Pressure from choosing AP classes. B. Performance in group interviews. C. Competition with seniors. D. Recognition by colleges. 25. The author chose fewer AP classes because of _______. A. her own understanding of success B. her desire for academic challenges C. her strong urge to follow the crowd D. her dream of entering a top university 26. Which would best describe the author’s first group interview? A. Dignifying. B. Rewarding. C. Engaging. D. Relaxing. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Everyone is the maker of their own success. B. Success favours those with a golden heart. C. Success knocks at your door only once. D. A college holds the key to success. 05【2025天津卷】My great grandmother received the dollhouse (玩具小屋) from a family friend back in the late 1800s. It was then passed down from generation to generation. I was seven when I discovered it underneath the tree on Christmas morning. In our house, Mom set up a sewing area. I sat at her sewing machine, my feet barely reaching the presser foot. Mom bent over me, her hands on mine, gently guiding small bits of cloth under the needle to create dollhouse bedding. She also taught me to make mini-blankets. With a little paint and glue, Mom demonstrated that anything could be turned into dollhouse furniture. I learnt to view the world as a place of possibility. I spent hours of my girlhood sitting before my dollhouse, telling made-up stories, and creating miniatures (缩微模型). But eventually school activities took over, and the dollhouse was moved to the attic (阁楼). Over the next 40 years, the storytelling skills I’d practiced with the dollhouse grew into novel writing skills, and I developed a career as an author. One day, after hours of working on my fourth book, I took a break by surfing the Internet and happened to notice the beautiful dollhouses people posted on social media. They reminded me of mine. I went to the attic, brought it back to my room and started updating it. During the mindless hours of sewing and furnishing (布置家具), I listened to audiobooks about the history of dollhouses, learning that they were not invented for play. There’s a long, rich history of people in hardship turning to dollhouses to find comfort. They weren’t produced as toys until mass production became standard after 1945. This inspired me to create a novel where art saves the day. The truth was I myself needed art to save the day. Mom was then slipping away from me owing to progressive memory loss. The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse. She loved retelling its history — those old memories. Mom didn’t find it strange at all that her 50-year-old daughter was updating the dollhouse. She just thought it fun and beautiful. And it was. It was a world where Mom and I were at our best together. 41. What did the author’s mother teach her to do? A. To sew and create miniatures. B. To add imaginary figures to the dollhouse. C. To make up fairy tales set in the dollhouse. D. To do oil paintings and glue them onto the little walls. 42. Why did the author decide to update the dollhouse decades later? A. She intended to follow the trend on social media. B. She was eager to start a new career as a toy designer. C. She felt the urge to compete with other dollhouse makers. D. She was inspired by people sharing their dollhouses online. 43. What did the author learn about dollhouses from the audiobooks? A. They were initially created for play. B. People once sought comfort in them. C. Rich people sold them for money during difficult times. D. A uniform standard for their production was set in 1945. 44. What role did the dollhouse play in strengthening the emotional ties between the author and her aging mother? A. A reminder of their childhood dreams. B. A mirror of the eventful family history. C. A tool to bring back good old memories. D. A means to improve her mother’s memory. 45. What would be the best title for the passage? A. The Dollhouse: A Lifelong Toy B. Growing up with the Dollhouse C. The Dollhouse: More Than Just a Toy D. Dollhouse Making and Novel Writing 变式二、记叙文名校好题再练 01（25-26高三上·全国·阶段练习）My 18-month-old son, Adam, called from the front door. “Look, Mama Doggie!” I dropped what I was doing and stuck my head out of the door. Brandy, our next-door neighbor’s 11-year-old dog, was over again. “Go away!” I shouted. Brandy’s owner had died about a month earlier. The woman’s family had emptied the house and stuck a “For Sale” sign in the front yard, but the family had left old Brandy behind. For weeks, she’d been wandering around the neighborhood. It wasn’t that I disliked dogs or anything like that. I just didn’t think about them very much. I never had a dog growing up and had never thought to get one. Brandy went away and I stayed outside with Adam. Then the phone rang. I went inside to take the call. When I came back, Adam was gone. I searched the yard, front and back, then the basketball court and public pool. No trace of him. I was so nervous that I ran home and called the police, then my husband. Police searched the neighborhood. Suddenly I heard another sound: a dog barking. “It’s coming from the woods.” one of my neighbors said. We followed the barking to a wooded cliff (悬崖). There we found my son, and he was just inches away from the edges of the cliff, fast asleep. Brandy was beside him, leaning against him to keep him away from the edge. When I picked Adam up, Brandy sank down on her side, breathing quickly. She must have been holding Adam there for hours! I thanked the police and brought Adam and Brandy back to our house. She hesitated a moment on our doorstep, no doubt remembering the time I’d driven her away. “Come on, girl.” I said. “This is your home now.” Brandy stepped in, and once she saw she was really welcome, she relaxed and lay down on the floor just inside the door. She’d done a great thing, and I wondered if she knew it. She’d certainly touched me in a way that no animal ever had. What a pity a dog like Brandy had been left behind! 1. Why did the author shout “Go away!” to Brandy at first? A. She hated dogs for personal reasons. B. Brandy’s approach to Adam worried her. C. She cared little without dog experience. D. Brandy’s frequent visits annoyed her. 2. What can we infer about Brandy at the wooded cliff? A. She was too weak to stop Adam. B. She risked her safety to protect Adam for long. C. She barked loudly to ask for reward. D. She led Adam to the cliff by accident. 3. Why did Brandy hesitate on the doorstep? A. She feared Adam called her “Doggie”. B. She wasn’t used to living with strangers. C. She wasn’t sure if she was welcome. D. She wanted to wait for her former owner. 4. What does the author most probably convey through her story? A. Dogs are smarter than humans in danger. B. Indifference can soften with kindness. C. Parents should never leave young kids alone. D. We should always help animals in need. 02（25-26高三上·黑龙江·阶段练习）At night, in this village near the Assua River in Brazil, the rainforest rings. The sound of generators at times competes with the forest, a sign that there are people here. Until recently, the Juma people seemed destined to disappear like countless other Amazon tribes destroyed by the European invasion. In the late 1990s, the Juma tribe’s last family unit consisted of Aruka and his daughters Boreá, Mandei, and Mayta. Following Aruka’s passing in 2021, the tribe, traditionally patriarchal (父权制的), faced potential extinction. However, Mandei, supported by her sisters, took on the extraordinary role of the leader, becoming the first female chief in their Amazonian region, struggling to preserve their heritage. Mandei and her sisters made the decision to marry men of other tribes, maintaining their people’s lineage, despite a patriotic tradition. Today, in their territory, their village is full of life. Children of varied ages play in the river. People fish with nets and rods (鱼竿). Others are out hunting. Throughout the day, people gather at a common building, designed in the traditional Juma way, to eat, tend their parrots, lie on hammocks (吊床) during the warmest hours, pound cassava, and check WhatsApp messages on their cellphones, connected to the Internet by a dish antenna (抛物面天线). The Juma Indigenous Territories is covered by old-growth Amazon rainforest. A top priority is to protect their territory, a hotspot of land-grabbing and illegal deforestation. The planned paving of a highway next to the territory increases the possibility of being invaded by land-grabbers. Cattle farming and soybean crop expansion across the region are deliberately changing the environment and having a negative impact on their traditional way of life. To protect against this, young men watch the territory by boat. They use drones to monitor the most remote areas against loggers, poachers (偷猎者) and fishermen. For Mandei, her people’s language has also been key to this survival. She invited a linguist, Wesley dos Santos, to visit in 2019. As part of this teamwork, a multimedia dictionary was created for cellphones, along with an online collection of digital archives with traditional narratives, monologues, and songs in the Juma language. “The largest responsibility I share with my sisters is not to lose Juma culture as taught by our father,” Mandei said. 1. Why did Mandei become the chief? A. To seize the power in her part of the Amazon. B. To save her tribe from extinction. C. To lead her people to fight against invaders. D. To prove the role of a woman leader. 2. What does the third paragraph mainly want to convey? A. The Juma has entered the information age. B. The Juma is living a modern life. C. The Juma is making a comeback now. D. The Juma is turning to farming. 3. What is the most important thing for Mandei? A. To connect her territory with a highway. B. To keep invaders from occupying their land. C. To raise more cattle for her family. D. To expand the planting of soybeans. 4. How did Mandei protect her language? A. By employing digital media. B. By inviting a linguist to record it. C. By editing a dictionary of its words. D. By collecting it from daily life. 03（25-26高三上·湖北·阶段练习）The unforgiving demands of the IB program became my reality on the third day of school with an overwhelming physics lab. My teacher’s claim that no one would score above 90% shook my confidence. This anxiety was intensified at home, where my father voiced his concerns over my flat SAT progress, a necessity for a celebrated university. The final catalyst for my breakdown was an unexpected rejection from the Regional Red Cross Youth Council. As vice president of my school’s chapter, I had never considered this possibility. The Red Cross was my passion and what I relied on to set me apart from other applicants. This rejection made my future seem dim, and I broke like a rubber band stretched beyond its limit. I found my mother, the woman who had sacrificed her own career and life for my opportunities, and poured out my fears. She listened attentively before drawing a circle on the tablecloth. “This is your time,” she began. “Eighty percent is schoolwork, ten percent the SAT, and ten percent extracurriculars.” She then looked at me with deep emotion and said, “But most importantly, at one hundred percent, is your mental health.” “Nothing is more important than your health,” she continued. “We want you to have a good job so you’ll be less stressed. If this path makes you so unhappy, it isn’t worth it. If you’re happier flipping hamburgers, so be it.” Her insight was a big relief. I realized a rubber band doesn’t have to keep stretching. A rubber band that wraps around your hair during the day and is allowed to rest on your nightstand at night won’t ever break. Though my routine remained the same — studying hard and pursuing excellence — my perspective was forever changed. The fear of failure lost its power. I am still reaching for the moon, but I am no longer afraid. For I know that if I miss, I will land right in my mother’s arms. 1. What does the underlined word “catalyst” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Foundation. B. Solution. C. Symbol. D. Cause. 2. What does the author’s mother attach most importance to? A. The author’s overall wellbeing. B. The sacrifice for her daughter. C. The relief of the author’s stress. D. The author’s devotion to schoolwork. 3. What does the use of the “rubber band” try to illustrate? A. A conflict with her father about goals. B. A bond between the author and her mother. C. A shift in the author’s outlook on pressure. D. A link to the author’s academic performance. 4. What does the author mean by saying “reaching for the moon”? A. She will be unbeatable. B. She will continue to aim high. C. She has achieved all her goals. D. She has a passion for astronomy. 04（25-26高三上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）On a recent weekday, I sent an Instagram message to a friend of mine, an art adviser in New York named Stephen Truax, to chat about an exhibition. Instead of messaging me back in the app, he texted me to say that he’d blocked Instagram on his smartphone during daytime working hours. Impressed, I asked him how he was accomplishing such a feat. Truax said he was using Opal, an app that makes your smartphone a little more like a so-called dumbphone (功能机). He said that several of his friends swore by the app, and so he had begun using it, too. I took this word of mouth as evidence that it might actually work. I downloaded it yet without any particular optimism, considering my phone addiction an incurable case. Opal, I found, provides something like gentle parenting for your smartphone habits: you set up a daily schedule of which apps to block, and then the app guides you into sticking with it. As the app suggested, I set up a recurring “Work Time” block from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. and selected every social app I ever use. At the scheduled time, those apps go gray on my home screen and remain that way all day. Every time I’m frustrated that I can’t look at Instagram on my phone, I just think, surely I, a human adult, can wait a few more hours to see my friends’ dog photos — 5 p.m. isn’t that far away. Crucially, Opal also allows users to suspend (暂停) the block for short periods of time without feeling like failures; when the scheduled break time elapses, the blockage automatically continues. I find comfort in the fact that my mind feels clearer after a full workday without scrolling social media, and an added bonus is that once the block ends I can browse all the good posts that I missed. As Truax told me, “The flood of content that happens after dinner is wild.” The addiction is not cured, perhaps, but at least it’s finally managed. 1. What did Truax do after receiving the message from the author? A. He replied by texting. B. He responded in Opal. C. He blocked Instagram. D. He chatted about the exhibition. 2. How did the author feel when downloading Opal? A. Disappointed. B. Helpful. C. Pessimistic. D. Impressed. 3. What does the underlined word “elapses” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Starts. B. Passes. C. Separates. D. Approaches. 4. What can we learn from the text? A. Surfing the web makes the mind clearer. B. Practicing self-control deepens enjoyment. C. Checking updates after supper is advisable. D. Curing phone addiction is totally impossible. 05（25-26高三上·云南·阶段练习）With its rolling hills, dramatic waterfalls, and rich woodlands, the Durham Dales in England provides a natural habitat for birds — and it’s also home to zoologist and artist Sara Cox. Surrounded by nature since childhood, she has always been passionate about birds. Today, she creates detailed bird sculptures made from fine metal wire, combining scientific knowledge with artistic creativity to raise awareness about the challenges facing bird populations and to inspire people to care for them. As a child, Sara spent much of her time outdoors with her brothers — exploring the garden or walking in the countryside. These early experiences helped her develop a deep appreciation for the natural world. At the same time, creativity was a strong presence in her home: her father, an engineer, enjoyed welding (焊接) and building, while her mother made pottery in her spare time. Their hands-on skills and artistic sensibility gave Sara both technical and creative foundations. Later, when she moved to Mickleton 20 years ago, the surrounding wildlife became a powerful source of inspiration. Observing birds up close in their natural habitat helped her find her own artistic voice and connect her love of nature with sculpture. Sara’s wire bird sculptures are the result of careful observation and detailed study. She will sit outside for hours, sketching and observing their movements — right down to how their muscles work and how they shift their weight. She also visits museums to study bird skeletons (骨架) so she can understand the structure beneath the feathers. “To sculpt a bird accurately, I need to know what’s underneath,” she explains. Her sculptures have been shown in national exhibitions, including one held by the Royal Society of British Artists in London. They can also be seen along nature trails (小径), such as at the Durham Wildlife Trust’s Low Barns reserve. Whether displayed in galleries or out in the wild, her work has been praised by museums, galleries, and wildlife trusts alike for its scientific accuracy, emotional impact, and ability to encourage greater appreciation for bird species. 1. Why did Sara Cox create bird sculptures? A. To promote her hometown. B. To display her artistic talent. C. To inspire conservation effort. D. To support scientific research. 2. Which experience most helped Sara Cox develop her artistic voice? A. Trying different art techniques. B. Having close contact with birds. C. Growing up in a creative family. D. Exploring nature with her brothers. 3. Which words can best describe Sara? A. Patient and precise. B. Curious and brave. C. Confident and proud. D. Creative and humorous. 4. Why is the Royal Society of British Artists mentioned in the last paragraph? A. To illustrate the UK’s top art institutions. B. To contrast national and local art scenes. C. To explain the further study Sara pursued. D. To highlight the recognition Sara received. 06（25-26高三上·湖北省直辖县级单位·阶段练习）Once again the Captain’s will won. Silent, the men returned to their posts. But Captain Columbus was worried because he knew in his heart that a day would come when his words would no longer help. Before that day, he would see land. Not an eye closed that night. The Captain stood on the high poop (艉楼) and with sleepless eyes he tried hard to look into the darkness ahead. Then, two hours before midnight, the miracle happened. A far-off light struck his eyes. It wavered (摇曳) once or twice, moving quickly on the horizon, like a fisherman’s boat on the waves. His heart hammered (砰砰直跳). But he dared not cry out, “Land!” “Your eyes are sharp, Alfredo,” he whispered to a young sailor. “Tell me what you see.” Even as he spoke, the light disappeared. “I see nothing.” The sailor stared into the darkness. The light had reappeared. “Look out!” “Ah, yes, yes! A light. Over there.” “Quiet! Are you sure, Alfredo?” “But yes, Captain! It is gone now, yet I saw it.” Surely this was not a trick of the light! Alfredo had seen it too. Somewhere ahead in darkness were human beings and inhabited land. They stood shoulder to trembling shoulder, staring into the dark. Hour after hour passed. The sand-glass under the lantern showed that it was two o’clock in the morning. The other two ships loomed (隐约出现) vaguely and in the east the line of the horizon was clearly defined. Then came a flash of flame (火焰). The long-awaited signal! Land in sight. “Land! Land!” Almost immediately came the ringing cry. There in the west, green and fair, lay an island. Who can tell how Christopher Columbus felt at that moment? The long waiting was at an end. The dream had come true. 1. Where did the story happen? A. On an island. B. In the Captain’s dream.C. On the sea. D. In the west. 2. When did the Captain see a far-off light for the first time? A. In the morning. B. At about 2 a.m. C. At about 10 p.m. D. At midnight. 3. What’s the meaning of the underlined sentence “Not an eye closed that night”? A. Captain Columbus had been awake for the whole night. B. Captain Columbus kept an eye closed that night. C. Captain Columbus had one eye open that night. D. Captain Columbus had slept heavily for the whole night. 4. What was Captain Columbus’ dream? A. Finding the human beings in the sea. B. Discovering the land on the horizon. C. Helping his sailors get the light in the darkness. D. Being saved by other ships. 07（25-26高三上·河北·阶段练习）In a quiet corner of the city, an old sculptor named Elias worked in his dusty studio. His current project was a massive, irregular block of marble that he had purchased years ago. He told anyone who asked that a perfect figure was already inside the stone, and his job was not to create it, but to set it free. Day after day, Elias would strike the stone with his chisel. Bystanders who watched from a distance were puzzled. “He is ruining a perfectly good piece of rock,” one would whisper. “He is just making it smaller and uglier,” another might comment. They saw only destruction, the slow reduction of a large object into a smaller one. Elias paid them no mind. His focus was absolute, his hands guided by a vision that others could not see. He wasn’t adding anything; he was simply removing the parts that were not the figure. Months turned into a season. The once shapeless block began to show hints of a form. A delicate arm emerged, then the curve (曲线) of a shoulder, and finally, a calm face looking downward. The whispers of the onlookers changed. They no longer saw destruction, but the truth. They began to understand that Elias was not a destroyer, but a discoverer. When the work was finally done, a beautiful statue of a young woman in deep thought stood where the rough stone once was. It was a masterpiece. A student asked Elias, “How did you create such a wonderful thing from nothing?” The old sculptor smiled and replied, “I created nothing. The figure was always there. I just chipped away the marble that was keeping her from the world.” 1. How did the onlookers initially feel about the sculptor’s work? A. They admired his great artistic talent. B. They felt he was ruining the material. C. They offered to assist in his project. D. They grasped his purpose from the start. 2. What did the sculptor believe his primary task was? A. He built upon the existing form. B. He took away what was not needed. C. He colored the stone’s surface. D. He altered the stone’s nature. 3. What change occurred in the observers’ attitude over time? A. From doubt to appreciation. B. From excitement to disappointment. C. From ignoring to joining in. D. From approval to questioning. 4. What is the main message the author intends to convey? A. True art is about adding new things. B. Greatness comes from removing the excess. C. Effort alone guarantees final achievement. D. Public opinion shapes artistic creation. 08（25-26高三上·四川成都·期中）When I entered senior high school as a freshman, English became my biggest source of frustration and embarrassment. My scores never climbed above 80 out of 150, leaving me at the bottom of the class. Classmates often shot me disdainful glances when English papers were handed out, and some even joked that I was “a lost cause” in languages. Teachers shook their heads at my grades, and I grew increasingly inferior, hiding my homework whenever others passed by and avoiding oral English activities like the plague. I tried self-study a few times, but the words felt like meaningless symbols and grammar rules a tangled mess—soon, I gave up, convinced I’d never master the language. Everything shifted when Lily joined our class in the second semester. Bright and gentle, she was a top student with English scores consistently in the grade’s top 5. Her smooth pronunciation and insightful answers in class left everyone impressed, but what touched me most was her kindness. Once, after I scored a mere 73 on a test and sat alone in despair, she walked over softly. “Don’t give up,” she said, pointing out my mistakes and explaining grammar points patiently. Staring into her warm eyes, I felt a sudden urge to narrow the gap between us—not just to win her favor, but to prove I could stand beside someone as excellent as her. I threw myself into English with unshakable resolve. Starting with vocabulary, I bought a notebook and wrote down every difficult word repeatedly—sometimes 400 times a day until my fingers ached. I stayed up late reading simple English articles, looked up every unknown word, and copied model essays to learn sentence structures. I also mustered the courage to ask Lily for help after class, she always recommended useful resources and encouraged me when I stumbled. There were setbacks: mock exams with little progress, classmates mocking my “foolish pursuit,” and nights I wanted to quit. But the thought of Lily’s belief in me kept me going. Two years of relentless effort paid off. My scores rose steadily, and by senior year, I was scoring over 120 in mock exams. In the college entrance examination, I achieved 125-far beyond my wildest dreams as a freshman. When I told Lily, she smiled and said, “I always knew you could do it.” Looking back, Lily was the spark that ignited my motivation, but the real victory was overcoming my own doubts. I learned that no matter how tough the start, persistence and self-belief can turn even the most impossible goals into reality. 1. What can we infer about the author’s initial experience with English in senior high school? A. He received active help from his teachers. B. He felt ashamed and lacked confidence in learning English. C. He focused on English to keep up with his classmates. D. He found English grammar easy but vocabulary difficult. 2. Why did the author decide to improve his English? A. To live up to his parents’ high expectations. B. To prove his classmates’ jokes were wrong. C. To narrow the gap between him and Lily. D. To get a scholarship for college admission. 3. What does the underlined word “relentless” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Intermittent and casual. B. Persistent and unwavering. C. Hasty and reckless. D. Gentle and flexible. 4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. Lily’s cold attitude towards the author pushed him to work harder. B. The author’s English score improved by exactly 55 points. C. The author gave up self-study completely after meeting Lily. D. The author’s own persistence played a key role in his success. 09（25-26高三上·江苏南通·阶段练习）The road, straight and smooth, leads towards civilization. All around us, the flat nothingness is interrupted only by electricity pylons (输电线塔), stretching into the distance like children holding jump ropes. We pass ghost-town service stations with empty convenience stores stocked with drinks, noodles, and vacuum-packed chicken feet. Then Dunhuang comes into view. One site that traders would have almost certainly visited is the Mogao Caves. These 492 caves were hand-carved into a cliff face because a Buddhist monk named Le Zun had a vision of 1,000 Buddhas bathed in golden light at the site in 366 C. E. The interior walls were painted with breathtaking murals and the niches (壁龛) filled with statues of Buddha. Merchants would pass by to pray for protection from the warring nomads (游牧民族) and murderous thieves on the path. However, as the Silk Road trade was abandoned in favor of sea routes in the 14th century, Dunhuang was swallowed by the sands of time and knowledge of the caves faded from memory. I walk along an avenue of silver poplar trees. To my left, the caves look similar to a row of prison blocks: squat square doorframes, each numbered, and set into the concrete. But as I dip my head to enter, a colorful dreamworld of dragons, phoenixes, and petal-scattering apsaras (飞天女神) unfolds. The hands of our guide make shadow puppets on the wall as she gestures in front of the torchlight. In Cave 96 sits a nine-story-tall Buddha statue, the third tallest in China. All I can see is the edge of his robes decorated with fierce dragons and blue lotus flowers. His long toenails are at the right height for scratching the top of my head. I crane my neck to stare at his ruby lips. They are tightly pursed, refusing to tell me the whispered secrets of travelers before me. 1. Which best describes the author’s impression on the way to Dunhuang? A. Peaceful. B. Burdened. C. Deserted. D. Modernized. 2. How did the decline of the Silk Road trade affect Dunhuang? A. It led to the construction of more caves. B. It caused Dunhuang to become timeless. C. It attracted more and more tourists to Dunhuang. D. It resulted in Dunhuang being forgotten over time. 3. What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To explain the significance of the cave. B. To convey the author’s sense of wonder. C. To highlight the cultural value of the cave. D. To provide specific description of the cave. 4. What can be the best title for the passage? A. Caves of Faith B. Echoes of the cave C. Secrets of the Silk Road D. Guardians of the Golden Light 10（25-26高三上·重庆·阶段练习）Due to the subsequent flooding in Rochester, unsuspecting students now face a new danger on their walks to class. On dry mornings, when the ground breathes a sigh of relief to finally escape the endless battering from the clouds, chilling corpses line the paths to the library. It’s a graveyard of fallen earthworm soldiers. Perhaps the scarier moments, however, come in the depths of night. Huddled into your rain jacket as you prepare to run back to your only slightly warmer dormitory, you may suddenly find yourself blinded by a ring of flashlights. “FREEZE!” A voice will yell. “DON’T MOVE YOUR FEET!”. It’s probably one of the most secretive clubs on campus. Their origins? Suspicious. Their leader? Unknown. Their task? “SAVE THE WORMS!”. With their battle cry ringing through the stormy air, the members of the club will set out for their night journey. Eyes peeled, flashlights swinging, they will inch along each path until encountering a struggling earthworm. “I’ve found another one!” I’ll hear them yell. “Quick, bring the chopsticks”. You may not be able to believe your eyes as you watch each fellow student carefully use a pair of chopsticks to gently lift a drowning worm from the concrete. They spin with their chopsticks and send their recently rescued worm flying into the grass and back to dirty safety. The Wormers are very efficient. They’ll have your path cleared within half an hour, at which point the Worm Leader will gesture you forward with a humble bow. A small tip: don’t take his offered hand — it’s likely to be covered in worm juice. Honestly, at this point it’s in your best interest to close your gaping mouth and just nod amicably. 1. What is the new danger faced by students on their way to class? A. Drowning insects. B. Dead bodies of worms. C. fallen leaves and branches. D. Unexpected storms. 2. How do the club members rescue the earthworms? A. By shouting to warn people not to step on them. B. By using flashlights to scare them to the grass. C. By cleaning their moving path with water and tools. D. By using chopsticks to transfer them to safe areas. 3. What can be inferred about the author’s attitude toward the club’s actions? A. Amused and respectful. B. Critical and disgusted. C. Fearful and suspicious. D. Indifferent and neutral. 4. Which is the best title for the text? A. The Flooding Crisis in Rochester B. The Secret Night Rescue of Earthworms C. University Students’ Strange Hobbies D. How to Protect Worms During Storms 11（25-26高三上·江西景德镇·期中）Last spring, my youngest daughter Kristen, who had moved from our home in Philadelphia to San Francisco two years earlier, said to me during a video call, “Mom, we need to find a hobby we can do together online.” We already spoke face-to-face through a video connection for an hour every Sunday without fail, and her father even gave her guitar lessons that way. I thought long and hard. Then I said, “I’m genuinely bad at crafts, but what if we try making pot holders? The kind we weave with cotton loops (圈) on a small loom (织布机). When I was 10, I made a lot of them and sold each for 5 cents in our neighborhood. They are easy to learn, but I hope I still have the skill.” Keen on the idea, Kristen quickly ordered us each a loom and loop bags, naming our sessions “Patti’s Pot Holders” after me. I’ve always cherished family time, missing our Sunday dinners around the big table, yet wanted my kids — now young adults — to feel unfettered. “You have wings,” I told them, and Kristen used hers to move 3,000 miles away. She embraced that freedom, texting me daily about new adventures: kayaking, hiking, and salsa dancing. I could barely keep up. Our first pot holder session was spent figuring out the instructions as I jogged my memory. First, I attached loops horizontally to the 7-inch loom. Then I wove other loops over and under the attached ones with a hook, and finished with a crocheted edge. The whole process took about an hour. But by the second session, we had gotten the hang of it well enough to chat freely. We asked each other questions and shared truths, and I learned more about her than when she lived nearby. Now, the 15 colorful pot holders I’ve made hung on my kitchen wall like an art installation. But the real art — listening to and sharing quality time with my daughter — floats in the airwaves between Philadelphia and San Francisco. 1. Why did the author and Kristen decide to make pot holders? A. To share their daily lives. B. To pass on a traditional skill. C. To strengthen their connections. D. To remember the former days. 2. What does the underlined word “unfettered” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Free. B. Energetic. C. Confident. D. Delighted. 3. What can we know about the process of making the pot holders? A. It is out of control. B. It is full of interaction. C. It is highly complicated. D. It is very time-consuming. 4. What does the author’s story show? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. All good things must come to an end. C. Family should be open to each other. D. Tiny shared joys can keep family ties strong. 12（25-26高三上·湖北襄阳·阶段练习）On a recent weekday, I sent an Instagram message to a friend of mine, an art adviser named Stephen Truax, to chat about an exhibition. Instead of messaging me back in the app, he texted me to say that he’d blocked Instagram on his smartphone during daytime working hours. Impressed, I asked him how he was accomplishing such an achievement. Truax said he was using Opal, an app that makes your smartphone more like a so-called dumbphone (功能机). He said that several of his friends swore by the app, and so he had begun using it, too. I took this word of mouth as evidence that it might actually work. I downloaded it without any particular optimism, considering my phone addiction an incurable case. Opal provides something like gentle parenting for your smartphone habits: you set up a daily schedule of which apps to block, and then the app guides you into sticking with it. As the app suggested, I set up a “Work Time” block from 9 A. M. to 5 P.M. and selected every social app I ever use. At the scheduled time, those apps go gray on my home screen and remain that way all day. Every time I’m frustrated that I can’t look at Instagram on my phone, I just think, surely I, a human adult, can wait a few more hours to see my friends’ dog photos — 5 P.M. isn’t that far away. Crucially, Opal also allows users to suspend the block for short periods of time without feeling like failures; when the scheduled break time elapses, the blockage automatically continues. I find comfort in the fact that my mind feels clearer after a full workday without scrolling social media, and an added bonus is that once the block ends I can go through all the good posts that I missed. As Truax told me, “The flood of content that happens after dinner is wild.” The addiction is not cured, perhaps, but at least it’s finally managed. 1. What did Truax do after receiving the message from the author? A. He texted back. B. He replied in Opal. C. He blocked Instagram. D. He chatted about the exhibition. 2. How did the author feel when downloading Opal? A. Disappointed. B. Helpful. C. Pessimistic.           D. Impressed. 3. What does the underlined word “elapses” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Starts.       B. Passes. C. Separates. D. Approaches. 4. What can we learn from the text? A. Surfing the web makes the mind clearer. B. Practising self-control deepens enjoyment. C. It’s best to surf the latest news after supper. D. It is impossible to ease phone addiction. 2 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 《2025年高考英语真题完全解读与考后提升》 专题11 2025全国二卷阅读理解B篇 (解读+技巧+变式) 解析版 目 录 3 / 34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 高考原题呈现 官方权威评价 考点多维变式 词汇考点变式（变形+生词+短语+单句） 题型解题指导 历年考点解读（记叙文） 实用满分技巧（记叙文） 题型考点变式（记叙文真题+模拟） ( 原题呈现 ) 阅读理解关键词：记叙文,人与社会，开设医院学校的特点，益处和人文关怀 Kathy Ho teaches high school inside Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford (LPCH). “Sometimes I don’t like saying that I’m a teacher,” says Ho. “People get in their minds an idea of what teachers do, but that’s not really what it is here.” “Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the priority. “If you’re scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. “I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.” There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class. She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. “They think their teachers don’t care about their schoolwork.” Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. “I actually think the medicine is only a small piece for some problems,” says Julie Good, director of pain management services at LPCH. “It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.” 24. Who does Ho teach at LPCH? A. Sick children. B. Young nurses. C. Medical students. D. Patients’ parents. 25. What is a characteristic of Ho’s job? A. Prioritizing academics. B. Encouraging innovation. C. Treating various diseases. D. Playing multiple roles. 26. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4? A. Offering regular lessons. B. Paying extra attention. C. Assigning no schoolwork. D. Showing no sympathy. 27. How does the hospital school benefit the students according to Good? A. It eases peer pressure. B. It helps them live in hope. C. It frees them from aches. D. It entertains them with stories. 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Kathy Ho在斯坦福露西尔・帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）担任教师的工作情况，介绍了医院学校学生的情况、她工作的特点以及医院学校对学生的益处。 24. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中““Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. (“这里”指的是386 室，每年约有500名露西尔・帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）的患者在这里成为学生。这所医院学校里没有家长、医生，也没有医疗程序。它是一个学习的地方。Ho老师的学生中，约有一半只待一周或更短时间，其他人则会待一年以上。大多数学生最终会康复，这意味着，帮助他们做好重返学校的准备正成为护理工作中日益重要的组成部分)”可知，Ho在露西尔・帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）教生病的孩子。故选A。 25. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher. (我是一名教练、一名顾问和一名安慰者，这就是作为一名医院教师的意义)”可知，Ho工作的一个特点是扮演多种角色。故选D。 26.词句猜测题。根据文章第四段划线词所在句“Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. (一些老师不给孩子们布置任何作业，而是表达同情。Ho说：“我觉得这对孩子们是一种伤害”)”可推知，其中的“it”指的是不给孩子们布置作业这件事。故选C。 27.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中Julie Good所说的“It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow. (这关乎围绕 “何为充实人生” 展开的问题解决。那些孩子拥有梦想，而学校能通过为他们提供学习与成长的途径，让这些梦想得以延续)”可推知，Good认为医院学校通过让孩子保持学习和成长，帮助他们维系梦想，即帮助他们生活在希望中。故选B。 ( 权威评价哪家 ) 培育道德品格，启迪生命成长 试题选材围绕“人与自我”“人与社会”和“人与自然”三大主题，贴近学生的学习和生活实际，通过独特的视角，帮助学生了解多元化的个人、社区和学校生活，引导学生思考生命的意义与价值，树立积极向上的人生态度。全国二卷阅读B篇讲述开设在儿童医院中的学校如何帮助患者在住院期间心怀梦想、继续进行课业学习，体现对弱势群体的关怀和教育的温度。全国一卷读后续写语篇讲述作者在一次家庭聚会中与兄弟产生嫌隙，之后通过一番思想斗争决定主动登门道歉的故事，诠释了承担责任与宽容的可贵品质。全国二卷阅读第二节语篇介绍全家人一起参与志愿服务的好处，揭示家庭在道德教育中的示范作用以及奉献精神的多重价值。这些材料从不同角度启迪学生认识到个人行为对社会的积极影响，滋养仁爱之心与担当之志，为青少年扣好人生第一粒扣子注入精神力量。 ---《教育部教育考试院：2025年高考英语全国卷试题评析》 语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与社会--社会服务 语篇内容：开设在儿童医院中的学校兼顾病患学生的学业与身心健康，助力他们追逐梦想。 语篇立意：文章体现了社会对特殊群体教育需求的关注和重视，有助于推动医疗与教育融合，能够培养学生坚韧不拔的毅力、积极乐观的心态、同理心和关爱他人的品质。 语篇长度：310词 语篇结构： ( 考点变式 ) 一、词性转换 1.medicine n.药物→adj. _____________医疗的 2.increasing adj.不断增加的 →adv. _____________越来越多地 3.academic adj.学术的→n. _____________学者 4.prior prep在…… 之前→n. _____________优先权 5.scare vt.使害怕→adj. _____________害怕的 6.advise vt.建议→n. _____________顾问 7.comfort vt.使舒适 →n. _____________安慰者 8.assign vt.分配→n. _____________任务 9.psychology n.心理学→ adj. _____________心里的 10.manage vt.管理→n. _____________管理 11.priority n.优先事项→vt. _____________优先处理 12.innovate vt.创新→n. _____________创新 答案：1.medical 2.increasingly 3.academics 4.priority 5.scared 6.adviser 7.comforter 8.assignment 9.psychological 10.management 11.prioritize 12.innovation 二、识词知意 1.procedure n. _____________ 2.recover vt_____________ 3.component n. _____________ 4.mental adj. _____________ 5.sympathy n. _____________ 6.peer n. _____________ 7.multiple adj. _____________ 8.entertain vt. _____________ 9.characteristic n. _____________ 10.disservice n. _____________ 11. piece n. _____________ 答案：1. 程序；步骤2. 恢复；康复3. 组成部分；成分4. 精神的；心理的5. 同情；同情心6. 同龄人7. 多个的；多种的8. 使娱乐；招待 9.特点；特征 10.伤害，帮倒忙11.部分，份额 三、高频语块 1.be free of 2.be scared about 3.feel like 4.ease pressure 5.free sb from sth. 6.entertain sb with sth. 答案：1. 摆脱；无…… 的2. 为…… 感到害怕3. 想要；感觉像4. 缓解压力5. 把某人从……中解放出来6. 用某物招待某人 四、长难句分析 1.Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. 翻译：Ho的大部分学生都会康复，这意味着让他们做好返校准备已成为护理工作中越来越重要的一环。 分析：which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care.是定语从句。 2. “If you’re scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. 翻译：“如果你为某件事感到害怕，并且满脑子都在想它，那你根本不可能好好学习，” Ho表示。 分析：If you’re scared about something and thinking only about that引导条件状语从句。 五、真题语料改变单句语法填空 1.Kathy Ho ___________(teach) high school inside Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford (LPCH). 2.“Sometimes I don’t like saying that I’m a teacher,” says Ho. “People get in their minds an idea of ___________ teachers do, ___________ that’s not really what it is here.” 3.“Here” is room 386, ___________ each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. 4.The hospital school is free ___________ parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. 5.About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; ___________ are there for more than a year. 6.Most of Ho’s students will recover, ___________ means that preparing them to return to school is an ___________(increasing) important component of care. 7.Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the ___________(prior). 8.“If you’re scared ___________ something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. 9.“I’m a coach, an ___________(advise), and a ___________(comfort), and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.” 10.There are up to 30 students at any ___________(give) time in Ho’s class. 11.She ___________(general) works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. 12.Ho recognizes the ___________(psychology) benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. 答案：1. teaches 2. what, but 3. where 4. of 5. others 6. which, increasingly 7. priority 8. about 9. adviser, comforter 10. given 11. generally 12. psychological ( 解题指导 ) ( 6 年 高考 真题 记叙文 考点 解读 ) 年份 卷别 主题 话题 2025 2025新课标I卷 人与社会 讲述了师生“教学相长”的故事 2025新课标II卷 人与社会 讲述了医学院教师的工作情况 2025八省联考卷 人与社会 邮递员与社区的深厚情感 2024 2024新课标I卷 人与自然 中医针灸治疗动物 2024新课标II卷 人与社会 创新打印吸引顾客 2023 2023新课标I卷 人与自然 利用自然自我修复原理净化污水 2023新课标II卷 人与自我 学校科学项目 2023全国甲卷 人与社会 DIY成为女性新宠 2022 2022新课标Ⅱ卷 人与自我 记者生活趣事 2022全国甲卷 人与社会 悉尼发展遇到的问题 2020 2020全国I卷 人与自我 人与社会 逆境完成学业树榜样 书评 2020全国II卷 人与社会 宣传图书馆 2020全国III卷 人与社会 影视作品使用动物 英国多世同堂现象 ( 记叙文 满分 作答解题 技巧 ) 一、题型解读 记叙文是以写人、记事、状物为主要内容，以记叙和描写为表达方式的文章。一篇记叙文，无论长短都应该是一个完全独立的事实，描写人物、地点、事件和过程，表达作者的某种情感。主要具有以下特点： 内容上，记叙文应该包括六要素，即：时间、地点、人物、起因、经过和结果。可以按事件发生的时间顺序写，也可以按事件发生的先后写。 命题上，主要集中在多个事件的先后顺序与人物的情感态度上。 选材上，新颖、生动、真实、典型的素材描写，让读者有身临其境的感觉。 形式上，顺叙、倒叙、插叙。 语言上，一般过去时为主，各种时态为辅，合理使用丰富多彩的谓语动词时态是英语记叙文首要的语言特征；多用动词，尤其是动态强的行为动词是英语记叙文又一个明显的语言特征。 二、体裁结构 1.记叙文的开头通常交代事件的背景，即事件发生的时间、地点、有关人物等内容。 2.记叙文的展开（中间）通常以人物活动的时间顺序、空间位置变换、事件发生的顺序或人物的主次性格特征为行文线索。 3.记叙文的结尾通常是依照事件的发生、发展和结局这样一个自然的顺序来结尾。 三、写作意图 1.讲述故事 ( tell / narrate / relate a story) 2.分享经验  (share an experience) 3.纪念人物 (remember a person) 4.阐明道理 (communicate an idea / convey a message) 四、解题策略 1.关注细节  记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, who, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。  2.注重联系  在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。  3.读懂表象 主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如“What can be inferred from …?”或是What does the author imply in…?”之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。  4.挖掘意义  每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。 五、记叙文主旨概括题 1.首段法：首段主旨句；转折词后；破折号后 2.核心名词法：核心名词在文章中高频出现。可是“原词”或“同义词”不断曝光。 3.合并法：整合各段落大意，整合各段落首段信息 4.首位呼应法：整合首段和尾端信息 六、记叙文细节理解题 1.划出题干，选项关键词； 2.回忆文章结构，定位具体段落； 3.理解细节内容，最后找出答案； 4.正确选项的特征：原词复现/同义词、近义词替换；语言高度凝练概括。 七、实用答题妙招 1.阅读理解记叙文细节理解题居多，落实“题文同序”和“同义替换”。 2.数据计算题注重“原文定位”“细节理解”，弄清来龙去脉再计算。 3.文章寓意题要注意言外之意，尤其是首尾段做出合理推测判断。 4.人物性格描述题注意捕捉原文褒贬性词汇再进行同义替换和排除。 5.满分策略：读题干→找原文→做标记→留痕迹→看选项→扣字眼。 ( 分类变式 ) 变式一、高考记叙文真题5篇 01【2025八省联考卷】 Jim Johnson, a mail carrier, was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods. just north of downtown Wilmington, where he delivered much more than the mail. He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball. When he wasn't doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns(草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise. Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on. In many communities, that trust is won every day when life-saving medicine, greeting cards, social security checks, college acceptance letters-even the bills-appear in mailboxes in front of the houses. After more than three decades, Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other. He drove a boxy postal truck to North DuPont Road for the first unofficial stop of the day. Butch, a dog who belonged to one of the neighbors, was waiting just like every day before. And just like every day before, he got into the jump seat and they were off. On the route, Jim and Butch had become inseparable. Now, the dog and the mailman would ride off to retirement together. At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own. There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories. It’s been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier. That’s what the postal service means to us. 24. What do we know about Jim Johnson from the first paragraph? A. He’s open-minded. B. He’s sharp-eyed. C. He’s warm-hearted. D. He’s strong-willed. 25. What does the underlined word “disparaged” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Refused. B. Criticized. C. Investigated. D. Suspended. 26. What did Jim do besides daily delivery on his final days of work? A. He drove Butch to its owner. B. He sent presents to his friends. C. He prepared a retirement party. D. He said goodbye to the neighbors. 27. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To remember a respected mail carrier. B. To record an unforgettable experience. C. To raise funds for the postal service. D. To call for harmony in the community. 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了邮递员吉姆·约翰逊在工作中热心帮助邻里，与大家建立了深厚感情，在他退休33年后，作者依然记得他，表达了对他的怀念。 24. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball. When he wasn't doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns (草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise.(他知道所有孩子和他们宠物的名字；他把杂货搬进来；他注意到那些没锁的门，提供园艺方面的建议，还教了几个小男孩曲球的艺术。当他不做这些事情的时候，吉姆会跑过棋盘状的绿色草坪，以确保当地的邮政服务不会达不到每天的承诺)”可推知，吉姆·约翰逊是一个热心肠的人。故选C项。 25.词句猜测题。根据划线单词句“Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on.(虽然邮政服务现在经常disparaged，但人们对当地邮政服务的信任仍然存在)”可知，前后句是转折关系，后半句说对当地邮政服务的信任依然存在，那么前半句应该是说邮政服务现在常被批评，由此表明，邮政服务经常被看不起或批评。由此可知，划线词disparaged与“Criticized(批评)”意思相近。故选B项。 26.细节理解题。根据第三段中“At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own. There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories.(每到一站，吉姆都会接受那些已经成为他自己的家人的告别祝福。有泪水，有欢笑，有充满温暖回忆的拥抱)”可知，吉姆在工作的最后几天除了每天送货外，还向邻居们告别。故选D项。 27. 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“It’s been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier. That’s what the postal service means to us.(吉姆离开这条路线已经33年了，但我们仍然记得社区和邮递员之间建立的深厚联系。这就是邮政服务对我们的意义)”可知，文章主要讲述了吉姆·约翰逊这位邮递员在工作中热心帮助邻里，与大家建立了深厚感情，在他退休33年后，作者依然记得他，表达了对他的怀念。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是纪念一位受人尊敬的邮递员。故选A项。 02【2023全国甲卷】Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £ 5 in pocket money. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and it was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.” Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures. So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.” With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around £ 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifth wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge. 24. Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1? A. An artist. B. A winner. C. A specialist. D. A pioneer. 25. Why did Terri’s grandfather give her £ 5 a day? A. For a birthday gift. B. As a treat for her work. C. To support her DIY projects. D. To encourage her to take up a hobby. 26. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented? A. By making it look like before. B. By furnishing it herself. C. By splitting the rent with a roommate. D. By cancelling the rental agreement. 27. What trend in DIY does the research show? A. It is becoming more costly. B. It is getting more time-consuming. C. It is turning into a seasonal industry. D. It is gaining popularity among females. 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一位DIY高手Terri Boltonis的技能以及DIY项目可能会在女性群体中变成一种潮流趋势。 24.词句猜测题。根据文章第一段画线短语下文“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. (她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别人做她自己能做的工作)”可推知，此处指Terri Boltonis是一位DIY高手。C项“A specialist (一位专业人员)”最接近画线短语“a dab hand”的意思。故选C。 25.推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £ 5 in pocket money. (她将这些技能归功于她已故的祖父兼建筑商Derek Lloyd。从六岁起，现年26岁的Terri就在学校放假期间陪Derek去上班。一天的工作得到了5英镑零花钱的奖励)”以及“It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills. (这花了几个星期的时间，是一项艰苦的工作，但我知道他为我的技能感到骄傲)”可推知，Terri的祖父每天给她5英镑是作为对她的工作的鼓励。故选B。 26.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out. (所以，当我搬出去时，知道如何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免任何费用是很有用的)”可推知，Terri是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。故选A。 27.细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“the research shows it is women now leading the charge (研究表明，现在是女性主导了这项运动)”可知，研究表明，DIY将在女性中越来越受欢迎。故选D。 03【2023全国乙卷】Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation. Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes. To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way. Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography. I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment. One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英) rock around the lake. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. 24. How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest? A. By teaming up with other photographers. B. By shooting in the countryside or state parks. C. By studying the geographical conditions. D. By creating settings in the corn fields. 25. What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author? A. Proper time management. B. Good shooting techniques. C. Adventurous spirit. D. Distinctive styles. 26. What can we infer from the author trip with friends to Devil’s Lake? A. They went crazy with the purple quartz rock. B. They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset. C. They reached the shooting spot later than expected. D. They had problems with their equipment. 27. How does the author find his photos taken at Devil’s Lake? A. Amusing. B. Satisfying. C. Encouraging. D. Comforting. 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名风景摄影师，在摄影途中发生的一些所见所闻。 24.细节理解题。通过文章第二段“I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way. (我倾向于和几个朋友一起去州立公园或乡村探险，沿途拍照)”可知，作为一名中西部的风景摄影师，作者应对挑战的方式是去乡村或州立公园拍摄。故选B。 25.推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为，风景摄影成功的关键是适当的时间管理。故选A。 26.推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. (然而，我们没有标出路线，所以我们几乎完全错过了日落)”可推知，作者在与朋友的魔鬼湖之旅中，到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。故选C。 27.推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为自己在魔鬼湖拍摄的照片是令人满意的。故选B。 04 【2025北京卷】Throughout our Junior year, my classmates and I have been worried about what colleges will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200-word essay. Will the golden word “success” form in their minds when they review our achievements? Or will they see the big word “fail” in red? The shadow of this mysterious (神秘的) institution steals away what success means to us. My first step of redefining success began with course registrations. It is a well-known fact, especially in my school, that Junior year is the time of packing many AP classes into the schedule. When asked why they chose so many AP classes, my friends responded: “I don’t know.” They themselves don’t know why they are following the crowd and longing for the pressures of academic difficulty. Therefore, they do not feel the satisfaction of being academically challenged. Completing many courses no longer brings out the feeling of success because more than four AP classes per year is a norm set by top universities. Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy. The feeling of success was no longer attached to what grade I received but to the pure joy of learning. Even my failures are attached to a feeling of success; after I take a step back and look at the big picture, I see them as a launching pad (平台) for my next big achievement. In the ninth grade, I went in for my first group interview for a leadership position as a shy girl. Not standing a chance against competitive applicants, I came out of the interview with an upset look. Nevertheless, this interview wasn’t a wasted opportunity. I talked to one of the senior applicants who answered questions in a way that reflected the faith she had in herself. This year, with an open mind and new knowledge in mind, I walked into another group interview while telling myself I was that cool senior. I managed to secure a leadership position. Ultimately, success came little by little. 24. Throughout the Junior year, what was the author’s major concern? A. Pressure from choosing AP classes. B. Performance in group interviews. C. Competition with seniors. D. Recognition by colleges. 25. The author chose fewer AP classes because of _______. A. her own understanding of success B. her desire for academic challenges C. her strong urge to follow the crowd D. her dream of entering a top university 26. Which would best describe the author’s first group interview? A. Dignifying. B. Rewarding. C. Engaging. D. Relaxing. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Everyone is the maker of their own success. B. Success favours those with a golden heart. C. Success knocks at your door only once. D. A college holds the key to success. 【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在高三时对大学申请和成功定义的反思，不再盲目追随他人选择大量AP课程，而是基于个人兴趣选课，并从失败的小组面试中学习，通过自我调整最终获得领导职位。 24.推理判断题。根据第一段中“Throughout our Junior year, my classmates and I have been worried about what colleges will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200-word essay. Will the golden word “success” form in their minds when they review our achievements? Or will they see the big word “fail” in red? (在整个高三期间，我和我的同学们一直担心，当大学将我们的整个人生故事浓缩成一篇200字的短文时，他们会看到什么。当他们回顾我们的成就时，脑海中会浮现出‘成功’这个金灿灿的词汇吗？还是会看到用红色标注的‘失败’这个醒目的大字？)”可知，作者在高三年级主要担心的是大学对他们的认可。故选D。 25.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy. (我决心追随自己对成功的直觉理解，只选择了两门我确信自己会喜欢的课程。)”可知，作者选择较少的AP课程是因为她自己对成功的理解。故选A。 26.推理判断题。根据第四段中“Nevertheless, this interview wasn’t a wasted opportunity. I talked to one of the senior applicants who answered questions in a way that reflected the faith she had in herself. (然而，这次面试并不是一次浪费的机会。我和一位高年级的申请者交谈，她回答问题的方式反映了她对自己的信心。)”以及最后一段中“This year, with an open mind and new knowledge in mind, I walked into another group interview while telling myself I was that cool senior. I managed to secure a leadership position. Ultimately, success came little by little. (今年，我带着开放的心态和新的知识，再次走进集体面试的现场，告诉自己我就是那位自信满满的高年级学生。最终，我成功获得了一个领导职位。成功，就这样一点点地向我走来。)”可知，作者认为第一次面试是有收获的，因为它让作者从中学到了东西，并影响了她后来的面试表现。故选B。 27.推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第三段中“Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy. (我决心追随自己对成功的直觉理解，只选择了两门我确信自己会喜欢的课程。)”以及最后一段中“This year, with an open mind and new knowledge in mind, I walked into another group interview while telling myself I was that cool senior. I managed to secure a leadership position. Ultimately, success came little by little. (今年，我带着开放的心态和新的知识，再次走进集体面试的现场，告诉自己我就是那位自信满满的高年级学生。最终，我成功获得了一个领导职位。成功，就这样一点点地向我走来。)”可知，作者通过自己的经历表明，成功并非由大学或外界标准定义，而是源于自我认知与努力。“Everyone is the maker of their own success. (每个人都是自己成功的创造者。)” 符合题意。故选A。 05【2025天津卷】My great grandmother received the dollhouse (玩具小屋) from a family friend back in the late 1800s. It was then passed down from generation to generation. I was seven when I discovered it underneath the tree on Christmas morning. In our house, Mom set up a sewing area. I sat at her sewing machine, my feet barely reaching the presser foot. Mom bent over me, her hands on mine, gently guiding small bits of cloth under the needle to create dollhouse bedding. She also taught me to make mini-blankets. With a little paint and glue, Mom demonstrated that anything could be turned into dollhouse furniture. I learnt to view the world as a place of possibility. I spent hours of my girlhood sitting before my dollhouse, telling made-up stories, and creating miniatures (缩微模型). But eventually school activities took over, and the dollhouse was moved to the attic (阁楼). Over the next 40 years, the storytelling skills I’d practiced with the dollhouse grew into novel writing skills, and I developed a career as an author. One day, after hours of working on my fourth book, I took a break by surfing the Internet and happened to notice the beautiful dollhouses people posted on social media. They reminded me of mine. I went to the attic, brought it back to my room and started updating it. During the mindless hours of sewing and furnishing (布置家具), I listened to audiobooks about the history of dollhouses, learning that they were not invented for play. There’s a long, rich history of people in hardship turning to dollhouses to find comfort. They weren’t produced as toys until mass production became standard after 1945. This inspired me to create a novel where art saves the day. The truth was I myself needed art to save the day. Mom was then slipping away from me owing to progressive memory loss. The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse. She loved retelling its history — those old memories. Mom didn’t find it strange at all that her 50-year-old daughter was updating the dollhouse. She just thought it fun and beautiful. And it was. It was a world where Mom and I were at our best together. 41. What did the author’s mother teach her to do? A. To sew and create miniatures. B. To add imaginary figures to the dollhouse. C. To make up fairy tales set in the dollhouse. D. To do oil paintings and glue them onto the little walls. 42. Why did the author decide to update the dollhouse decades later? A. She intended to follow the trend on social media. B. She was eager to start a new career as a toy designer. C. She felt the urge to compete with other dollhouse makers. D. She was inspired by people sharing their dollhouses online. 43. What did the author learn about dollhouses from the audiobooks? A. They were initially created for play. B. People once sought comfort in them. C. Rich people sold them for money during difficult times. D. A uniform standard for their production was set in 1945. 44. What role did the dollhouse play in strengthening the emotional ties between the author and her aging mother? A. A reminder of their childhood dreams. B. A mirror of the eventful family history. C. A tool to bring back good old memories. D. A means to improve her mother’s memory. 45. What would be the best title for the passage? A. The Dollhouse: A Lifelong Toy B. Growing up with the Dollhouse C. The Dollhouse: More Than Just a Toy D. Dollhouse Making and Novel Writing 【答案】41. A 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与玩具小屋之间的故事，包括其来源、作者小时候与母亲一起制作玩具小屋内的物品、长大后因玩具小屋而走上写作道路，以及多年后因母亲记忆力衰退而重新更新玩具小屋，并在此过程中与母亲共度美好时光的经历。 41.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mom bent over me, her hands on mine, gently guiding small bits of cloth under the needle to create dollhouse bedding. She also taught me to make mini-blankets. With a little paint and glue, Mom demonstrated that anything could be turned into dollhouse furniture. (妈妈俯身在我身上，双手放在我的手上，轻轻地把小块布料引到针下，做成玩具小屋的床上用品。她还教我制作迷你毯子。妈妈用一点颜料和胶水向我展示，任何东西都可以变成玩具小屋的家具。)”可知，作者的妈妈教她缝纫和制作微型物品。故选A项。 42.细节理解题。根据第三段中“One day, after hours of working on my fourth book, I took a break by surfing the Internet and happened to notice the beautiful dollhouses people posted on social media. They reminded me of mine. I went to the attic, brought it back to my room and started updating it. (一天，在写了四个小时的第四本书后，我上网休息了一下，碰巧注意到人们在社交媒体上发布的漂亮的玩具小屋。它们让我想起了我的玩具小屋。我去了阁楼，把它带回我的房间，开始更新它。)”可知，作者决定更新玩具小屋是因为她在网上看到人们分享他们的玩具小屋，这让她想起了自己的玩具小屋。故选D项。 43.细节理解题。根据第四段中“During the mindless hours of sewing and furnishing (布置家具), I listened to audiobooks about the history of dollhouses, learning that they were not invented for play. There’s a long, rich history of people in hardship turning to dollhouses to find comfort. (在无意识地缝纫和布置家具的几个小时里，我听了一些关于玩具小屋历史的有声书，了解到它们并不是为了玩而发明的。人们在困境中求助于玩具小屋以寻求安慰，有着悠久而丰富的历史。)”可知，作者从有声书中了解到人们曾经在玩具小屋中寻求安慰。故选B项。 44.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The truth was I myself needed art to save the day. Mom was then slipping away from me owing to progressive memory loss. The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse. She loved retelling its history — those old memories. (事实是我自己也需要艺术来拯救这一天。当时，由于记忆力逐渐衰退，妈妈正从我身边溜走。我们唯一能真正愉快地讨论的话题就是玩具小屋的更新。她喜欢重述它的历史——那些古老的记忆。)”可知，玩具小屋是作者和母亲一起回忆美好旧时光的工具，在母亲记忆力衰退的情况下，它成为了加强她们之间情感联系的纽带。故选C项。 45.主旨大意题。通读全文，根据最后一段中“The truth was I myself needed art to save the day. Mom was then slipping away from me owing to progressive memory loss. The only topic we could discuss with any genuine joy was the update of the dollhouse. She loved retelling its history — those old memories. (事实是我自己也需要艺术来拯救这一天。当时，由于记忆力逐渐衰退，妈妈正从我身边溜走。我们唯一能真正愉快地讨论的话题就是玩具小屋的更新。她喜欢重述它的历史——那些古老的记忆。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者与玩具小屋之间的故事，玩具小屋不仅仅是玩具，它承载了作者和母亲的美好回忆和情感，C项“The Dollhouse: More Than Just a Toy (玩具小屋：不仅仅是一个玩具)”概括文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选C项。 变式二、记叙文名校好题再练 01（25-26高三上·全国·阶段练习）My 18-month-old son, Adam, called from the front door. “Look, Mama Doggie!” I dropped what I was doing and stuck my head out of the door. Brandy, our next-door neighbor’s 11-year-old dog, was over again. “Go away!” I shouted. Brandy’s owner had died about a month earlier. The woman’s family had emptied the house and stuck a “For Sale” sign in the front yard, but the family had left old Brandy behind. For weeks, she’d been wandering around the neighborhood. It wasn’t that I disliked dogs or anything like that. I just didn’t think about them very much. I never had a dog growing up and had never thought to get one. Brandy went away and I stayed outside with Adam. Then the phone rang. I went inside to take the call. When I came back, Adam was gone. I searched the yard, front and back, then the basketball court and public pool. No trace of him. I was so nervous that I ran home and called the police, then my husband. Police searched the neighborhood. Suddenly I heard another sound: a dog barking. “It’s coming from the woods.” one of my neighbors said. We followed the barking to a wooded cliff (悬崖). There we found my son, and he was just inches away from the edges of the cliff, fast asleep. Brandy was beside him, leaning against him to keep him away from the edge. When I picked Adam up, Brandy sank down on her side, breathing quickly. She must have been holding Adam there for hours! I thanked the police and brought Adam and Brandy back to our house. She hesitated a moment on our doorstep, no doubt remembering the time I’d driven her away. “Come on, girl.” I said. “This is your home now.” Brandy stepped in, and once she saw she was really welcome, she relaxed and lay down on the floor just inside the door. She’d done a great thing, and I wondered if she knew it. She’d certainly touched me in a way that no animal ever had. What a pity a dog like Brandy had been left behind! 1. Why did the author shout “Go away!” to Brandy at first? A. She hated dogs for personal reasons. B. Brandy’s approach to Adam worried her. C. She cared little without dog experience. D. Brandy’s frequent visits annoyed her. 2. What can we infer about Brandy at the wooded cliff? A. She was too weak to stop Adam. B. She risked her safety to protect Adam for long. C. She barked loudly to ask for reward. D. She led Adam to the cliff by accident. 3. Why did Brandy hesitate on the doorstep? A. She feared Adam called her “Doggie”. B. She wasn’t used to living with strangers. C. She wasn’t sure if she was welcome. D. She wanted to wait for her former owner. 4. What does the author most probably convey through her story? A. Dogs are smarter than humans in danger. B. Indifference can soften with kindness. C. Parents should never leave young kids alone. D. We should always help animals in need. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者起初因无养犬经历而对邻居留下的狗Brandy较为冷淡，后Brandy在作者儿子Adam身处悬崖边缘的危险时刻守护住Adam，作者深受触动并接纳Brandy为家庭一员的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第三段“It wasn’t that I disliked dogs or anything like that. I just didn’t think about them very much. I never had a dog growing up and had never thought to get one.(并不是我讨厌狗之类的动物。我只是不太关注它们。我从小到大从来没有养过狗，也从来没有想过要养一只。)”可知，作者起初对Brandy喊“走开”是因为她没有养犬经历，对狗不太关注。故选C。 2. 推理判断题。根据第五段“We followed the barking to a wooded cliff (悬崖). There we found my son, and he was just inches away from the edges of the cliff, fast asleep.(我们循着狗叫声来到一个树木茂密的悬崖边。在那里我们找到了我的儿子，他离悬崖边缘只有几英寸远，正熟睡著。)”以及第六段“Brandy was beside him, leaning against him to keep him away from the edge. When I picked Adam up, Brandy sank down on her side, breathing quickly. She must have been holding Adam there for hours!(Brandy在他身边，靠着他，不让他靠近悬崖边缘。当我抱起Adam时，Brandy侧身倒下，呼吸急促。她一定已经在那里守护Adam好几个小时了！)”可知，Brandy在悬崖边冒着自身可能坠崖的危险，长时间守护着Adam，防止他坠崖。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据第七段“She hesitated a moment on our doorstep, no doubt remembering the time I’d driven her away.(她在我们家门口犹豫了一会儿，毫无疑问，她还记得我曾经把她赶走的那次。)”以及第八段““Come on, girl.” I said. “This is your home now.” Brandy stepped in, and once she saw she was really welcome, she relaxed...(“来吧，姑娘。” 我说。“现在这里就是你的家了。”Brandy走了进来，当她看到自己真的受到欢迎时，她放松了下来……)”可知，Brandy在门口犹豫是因为记得作者之前赶过她，不确定自己是否受欢迎。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。文章开头作者因无养犬经历对Brandy态度冷淡（Indifference），后来Brandy拯救并守护了Adam，作者被Brandy的善意（kindness）打动，态度发生转变，最终接纳Brandy为家人，体现了“冷漠可以被善意融化”的主旨。故选B。 02（25-26高三上·黑龙江·阶段练习）At night, in this village near the Assua River in Brazil, the rainforest rings. The sound of generators at times competes with the forest, a sign that there are people here. Until recently, the Juma people seemed destined to disappear like countless other Amazon tribes destroyed by the European invasion. In the late 1990s, the Juma tribe’s last family unit consisted of Aruka and his daughters Boreá, Mandei, and Mayta. Following Aruka’s passing in 2021, the tribe, traditionally patriarchal (父权制的), faced potential extinction. However, Mandei, supported by her sisters, took on the extraordinary role of the leader, becoming the first female chief in their Amazonian region, struggling to preserve their heritage. Mandei and her sisters made the decision to marry men of other tribes, maintaining their people’s lineage, despite a patriotic tradition. Today, in their territory, their village is full of life. Children of varied ages play in the river. People fish with nets and rods (鱼竿). Others are out hunting. Throughout the day, people gather at a common building, designed in the traditional Juma way, to eat, tend their parrots, lie on hammocks (吊床) during the warmest hours, pound cassava, and check WhatsApp messages on their cellphones, connected to the Internet by a dish antenna (抛物面天线). The Juma Indigenous Territories is covered by old-growth Amazon rainforest. A top priority is to protect their territory, a hotspot of land-grabbing and illegal deforestation. The planned paving of a highway next to the territory increases the possibility of being invaded by land-grabbers. Cattle farming and soybean crop expansion across the region are deliberately changing the environment and having a negative impact on their traditional way of life. To protect against this, young men watch the territory by boat. They use drones to monitor the most remote areas against loggers, poachers (偷猎者) and fishermen. For Mandei, her people’s language has also been key to this survival. She invited a linguist, Wesley dos Santos, to visit in 2019. As part of this teamwork, a multimedia dictionary was created for cellphones, along with an online collection of digital archives with traditional narratives, monologues, and songs in the Juma language. “The largest responsibility I share with my sisters is not to lose Juma culture as taught by our father,” Mandei said. 1. Why did Mandei become the chief? A. To seize the power in her part of the Amazon. B. To save her tribe from extinction. C. To lead her people to fight against invaders. D. To prove the role of a woman leader. 2. What does the third paragraph mainly want to convey? A. The Juma has entered the information age. B. The Juma is living a modern life. C. The Juma is making a comeback now. D. The Juma is turning to farming. 3. What is the most important thing for Mandei? A. To connect her territory with a highway. B. To keep invaders from occupying their land. C. To raise more cattle for her family. D. To expand the planting of soybeans. 4. How did Mandei protect her language? A. By employing digital media. B. By inviting a linguist to record it. C. By editing a dictionary of its words. D. By collecting it from daily life. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍巴西亚马逊地区的朱马部落，在Mandei带领下，通过传承文化、保护领地等方式，从濒临消失走向复兴。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Following Aruka’s passing in 2021, the tribe, traditionally patriarchal (父权制的), faced potential extinction. However, Mandei, supported by her sisters, took on the extraordinary role of the leader, becoming the first female chief in their Amazonian region, struggling to preserve their heritage.(2021年Aruka去世后，这个传统上实行父权制的部落面临着灭绝的危险。然而，在姐妹们的支持下，Mandei承担起了领导者这一非凡角色，成为亚马逊地区首位女性首领，努力保护他们的文化遗产。)”可知，Mandei成为首领是为了拯救濒临灭绝的部落。故选B项。 2. 主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Today, in their territory, their village is full of life. Children of varied ages play in the river. People fish with nets and rods (鱼竿). Others are out hunting. Throughout the day, people gather at a common building, designed in the traditional Juma way, to eat, tend their parrots, lie on hammocks (吊床) during the warmest hours, pound cassava, and check WhatsApp messages on their cellphones, connected to the Internet by a dish antenna (抛物面天线).(如今，在他们的领地内，村庄充满了生机。不同年龄段的孩子在河里玩耍。人们用渔网和鱼竿捕鱼。还有人外出打猎。一整天，人们会聚集在一座按朱马传统风格建造的公共建筑里吃饭、照料鹦鹉、在最热的时候躺在吊床上休息、捶打木薯，还会用通过抛物面天线联网的手机查看 WhatsApp 消息。)”可知，该段详细描述了朱马部落如今在生活、生产、社交等多方面充满活力的场景，与前文提到的部落曾“面临灭绝危险”形成对比，突出部落正重新焕发生机，即“朱马部落如今正走向复兴”。故选C项。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A top priority is to protect their territory, a hotspot of land-grabbing and illegal deforestation.(他们的首要任务是保护自己的领地，这里是土地掠夺和非法砍伐的热点地区。)”以及“To protect against this, young men watch the territory by boat. They use drones to monitor the most remote areas against loggers, poachers (偷猎者) and fishermen.(为了防范这些情况，年轻男子乘船守卫领地。他们使用无人机监控最偏远的地区，防范伐木者、偷猎者和渔民。)”可知，Mandei最重要的事是阻止入侵者占领他们的土地。故选B项。 4. 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“As part of this teamwork, a multimedia dictionary was created for cellphones, along with an online collection of digital archives with traditional narratives, monologues, and songs in the Juma language.(作为合作的一部分，他们为手机制作了一本多媒体词典，同时建立了一个在线数字档案库，收录了朱马语的传统故事、独白和歌曲。)”可知，Mandei通过运用多媒体词典、在线数字档案库等数字媒体来保护部落语言。故选A项。 03（25-26高三上·湖北·阶段练习）The unforgiving demands of the IB program became my reality on the third day of school with an overwhelming physics lab. My teacher’s claim that no one would score above 90% shook my confidence. This anxiety was intensified at home, where my father voiced his concerns over my flat SAT progress, a necessity for a celebrated university. The final catalyst for my breakdown was an unexpected rejection from the Regional Red Cross Youth Council. As vice president of my school’s chapter, I had never considered this possibility. The Red Cross was my passion and what I relied on to set me apart from other applicants. This rejection made my future seem dim, and I broke like a rubber band stretched beyond its limit. I found my mother, the woman who had sacrificed her own career and life for my opportunities, and poured out my fears. She listened attentively before drawing a circle on the tablecloth. “This is your time,” she began. “Eighty percent is schoolwork, ten percent the SAT, and ten percent extracurriculars.” She then looked at me with deep emotion and said, “But most importantly, at one hundred percent, is your mental health.” “Nothing is more important than your health,” she continued. “We want you to have a good job so you’ll be less stressed. If this path makes you so unhappy, it isn’t worth it. If you’re happier flipping hamburgers, so be it.” Her insight was a big relief. I realized a rubber band doesn’t have to keep stretching. A rubber band that wraps around your hair during the day and is allowed to rest on your nightstand at night won’t ever break. Though my routine remained the same — studying hard and pursuing excellence — my perspective was forever changed. The fear of failure lost its power. I am still reaching for the moon, but I am no longer afraid. For I know that if I miss, I will land right in my mother’s arms. 1. What does the underlined word “catalyst” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Foundation. B. Solution. C. Symbol. D. Cause. 2. What does the author’s mother attach most importance to? A. The author’s overall wellbeing. B. The sacrifice for her daughter. C. The relief of the author’s stress. D. The author’s devotion to schoolwork. 3. What does the use of the “rubber band” try to illustrate? A. A conflict with her father about goals. B. A bond between the author and her mother. C. A shift in the author’s outlook on pressure. D. A link to the author’s academic performance. 4. What does the author mean by saying “reaching for the moon”? A. She will be unbeatable. B. She will continue to aim high. C. She has achieved all her goals. D. She has a passion for astronomy. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者因IB课程、SAT成绩及红十字会申请受挫而崩溃，在母亲开导下转变对压力的看法，重拾心态的故事。 1. 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“The final catalyst for my breakdown was an unexpected rejection from the Regional Red Cross Youth Council. As vice president of my school’s chapter, I had never considered this possibility. The Red Cross was my passion and what I relied on to set me apart from other applicants. This rejection made my future seem dim, and I broke like a rubber band stretched beyond its limit.(导致我崩溃的最后一个catalyst是地区红十字会青年理事会意外的拒绝。作为我校分会的副会长，我从未想过这种可能性。红十字会是我的热爱，也是我赖以区别于其他申请者的优势。这次拒绝让我的未来变得暗淡，我像一根被拉过极限的橡皮筋一样崩溃了。)”可知，红十字会的拒绝是让作者最终崩溃的又一个因素，故“catalyst”意为“原因，诱因”，与“Cause”含义相近。故选D项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She then looked at me with deep emotion and said, “But most importantly, at one hundred percent, is your mental health.”(然后她深情地看着我说：“但最重要的是，这百分之百里，是你的心理健康。”)”以及第四段中的“Nothing is more important than your health,” she continued.(“没有什么比你的健康更重要，”她继续说道。)”可知，作者的母亲最重视的是作者的整体健康状况。故选A项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“This rejection made my future seem dim, and I broke like a rubber band stretched beyond its limit.(这次拒绝让我的未来变得暗淡，我像一根被拉过极限的橡皮筋一样崩溃了。)”以及第五段中的“Her insight was a big relief. I realized a rubber band doesn’t have to keep stretching. A rubber band that wraps around your hair during the day and is allowed to rest on your nightstand at night won’t ever break.(她的见解让我如释重负。我意识到橡皮筋不必一直拉伸。一根白天扎头发、晚上能放在床头柜上休息的橡皮筋永远不会断。)”可知，作者最初用“橡皮筋”比喻自己因压力崩溃，后来在母亲开导下，用“能休息的橡皮筋”比喻学会缓解压力，体现了作者对压力看法的转变。故选C项。 4. 词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Though my routine remained the same — studying hard and pursuing excellence — my perspective was forever changed. The fear of failure lost its power. I am still reaching for the moon, but I am no longer afraid. For I know that if I miss, I will land right in my mother’s arms.(虽然我的日常没有改变——努力学习、追求卓越——但我的观念已经永远改变了。对失败的恐惧失去了力量。我仍然在reaching for the moon，但我不再害怕了。因为我知道，如果我没做到，我会正好落在妈妈的怀里。)”可知，作者依然保持努力学习、追求卓越的状态，只是不再害怕失败，故“reaching for the moon”指“继续树立高远目标并为之努力”，即“aim high”。故选B项。 04（25-26高三上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）On a recent weekday, I sent an Instagram message to a friend of mine, an art adviser in New York named Stephen Truax, to chat about an exhibition. Instead of messaging me back in the app, he texted me to say that he’d blocked Instagram on his smartphone during daytime working hours. Impressed, I asked him how he was accomplishing such a feat. Truax said he was using Opal, an app that makes your smartphone a little more like a so-called dumbphone (功能机). He said that several of his friends swore by the app, and so he had begun using it, too. I took this word of mouth as evidence that it might actually work. I downloaded it yet without any particular optimism, considering my phone addiction an incurable case. Opal, I found, provides something like gentle parenting for your smartphone habits: you set up a daily schedule of which apps to block, and then the app guides you into sticking with it. As the app suggested, I set up a recurring “Work Time” block from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. and selected every social app I ever use. At the scheduled time, those apps go gray on my home screen and remain that way all day. Every time I’m frustrated that I can’t look at Instagram on my phone, I just think, surely I, a human adult, can wait a few more hours to see my friends’ dog photos — 5 p.m. isn’t that far away. Crucially, Opal also allows users to suspend (暂停) the block for short periods of time without feeling like failures; when the scheduled break time elapses, the blockage automatically continues. I find comfort in the fact that my mind feels clearer after a full workday without scrolling social media, and an added bonus is that once the block ends I can browse all the good posts that I missed. As Truax told me, “The flood of content that happens after dinner is wild.” The addiction is not cured, perhaps, but at least it’s finally managed. 1. What did Truax do after receiving the message from the author? A. He replied by texting. B. He responded in Opal. C. He blocked Instagram. D. He chatted about the exhibition. 2. How did the author feel when downloading Opal? A. Disappointed. B. Helpful. C. Pessimistic. D. Impressed. 3. What does the underlined word “elapses” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Starts. B. Passes. C. Separates. D. Approaches. 4. What can we learn from the text? A. Surfing the web makes the mind clearer. B. Practicing self-control deepens enjoyment. C. Checking updates after supper is advisable. D. Curing phone addiction is totally impossible. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者联系朋友Truax时，得知其用Opal屏蔽工作时的社交软件，作者试用后虽未根治手机瘾，但思维更清晰，也能享受之后浏览内容的乐趣。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Instead of messaging me back in the app, he texted me to say that he’d blocked Instagram on his smartphone during daytime working hours.(他没有在应用程序中回复我，而是发短信告诉我，他在白天工作时间屏蔽了智能手机上的Instagram)”可知，Truax没有在应用内回复，而是通过短信回复了作者。故选A项。 2. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“I downloaded it yet without any particular optimism, considering my phone addiction an incurable case.(我下载了它，但没有任何特别的乐观，考虑到我的手机成瘾是无法治愈的)”可知，作者下载Opal时并不乐观，甚至认为自己的手机瘾无法治愈，即态度悲观（Pessimistic）。故选C项。 3. 词义猜测题。根据第五段中“Crucially, Opal also allows users to suspend (暂停) the block for short periods of time without feeling like failures;(至关重要的是，Opal还允许用户在短时间内暂停屏蔽，而不会感到失败)”以及划线单词句中“when the scheduled break time elapses, the blockage automatically continues.(当预定的休息时间elapses后，屏蔽会自动恢复)”可知，当设定的休息时间结束后，屏蔽会自动恢复。“elapses”在此处意为“过去、流逝”，与B选项“Passes(通过，经过)”含义一致。故选B项。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I find comfort in the fact that my mind feels clearer after a full workday without scrolling social media, and an added bonus is that once the block ends I can browse all the good posts that I missed.(让我感到欣慰的是，在不刷社交媒体的情况下度过了整整一个工作日后，我的思维变得更加清晰，另外一个好处是，一旦屏蔽结束，我可以浏览所有我错过的好帖子)”可知，作者通过自我控制（使用 Opal 屏蔽社交软件），不仅让思维更清晰，还提升了之后浏览内容的愉悦感。由此推知，练习自我控制能加深愉悦感。故选B项。 05（25-26高三上·云南·阶段练习）With its rolling hills, dramatic waterfalls, and rich woodlands, the Durham Dales in England provides a natural habitat for birds — and it’s also home to zoologist and artist Sara Cox. Surrounded by nature since childhood, she has always been passionate about birds. Today, she creates detailed bird sculptures made from fine metal wire, combining scientific knowledge with artistic creativity to raise awareness about the challenges facing bird populations and to inspire people to care for them. As a child, Sara spent much of her time outdoors with her brothers — exploring the garden or walking in the countryside. These early experiences helped her develop a deep appreciation for the natural world. At the same time, creativity was a strong presence in her home: her father, an engineer, enjoyed welding (焊接) and building, while her mother made pottery in her spare time. Their hands-on skills and artistic sensibility gave Sara both technical and creative foundations. Later, when she moved to Mickleton 20 years ago, the surrounding wildlife became a powerful source of inspiration. Observing birds up close in their natural habitat helped her find her own artistic voice and connect her love of nature with sculpture. Sara’s wire bird sculptures are the result of careful observation and detailed study. She will sit outside for hours, sketching and observing their movements — right down to how their muscles work and how they shift their weight. She also visits museums to study bird skeletons (骨架) so she can understand the structure beneath the feathers. “To sculpt a bird accurately, I need to know what’s underneath,” she explains. Her sculptures have been shown in national exhibitions, including one held by the Royal Society of British Artists in London. They can also be seen along nature trails (小径), such as at the Durham Wildlife Trust’s Low Barns reserve. Whether displayed in galleries or out in the wild, her work has been praised by museums, galleries, and wildlife trusts alike for its scientific accuracy, emotional impact, and ability to encourage greater appreciation for bird species. 1. Why did Sara Cox create bird sculptures? A. To promote her hometown. B. To display her artistic talent. C. To inspire conservation effort. D. To support scientific research. 2. Which experience most helped Sara Cox develop her artistic voice? A. Trying different art techniques. B. Having close contact with birds. C. Growing up in a creative family. D. Exploring nature with her brothers. 3. Which words can best describe Sara? A. Patient and precise. B. Curious and brave. C. Confident and proud. D. Creative and humorous. 4. Why is the Royal Society of British Artists mentioned in the last paragraph? A. To illustrate the UK’s top art institutions. B. To contrast national and local art scenes. C. To explain the further study Sara pursued. D. To highlight the recognition Sara received. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了英国动物学家兼艺术家萨拉・考克斯（Sara Cox）的背景、创作理念及成就。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Today, she creates detailed bird sculptures made from fine metal wire, combining scientific knowledge with artistic creativity to raise awareness about the challenges facing bird populations and to inspire people to care for them. (如今，她用细金属丝制作细致的鸟类雕塑，将科学知识与艺术创造力相结合，提高人们对鸟类种群面临的挑战的认识，并激励人们关心它们)”可知，她创造鸟类雕塑旨在提高公众对鸟类处境的认知，并激励人们采取保护行动，故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Later, when she moved to Mickleton 20 years ago, the surrounding wildlife became a powerful source of inspiration. Observing birds up close in their natural habitat helped her find her own artistic voice and connect her love of nature with sculpture. (后来，当她20年前搬到米克尔顿时，周围的野生动物成了她灵感的源泉。近距离观察鸟类的自然栖息地帮助她找到了自己的艺术声音，并将她对自然的热爱与雕塑联系起来)”可知，在自然中近距离观察鸟类激发了她的艺术灵感，故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据第三段的“She will sit outside for hours, sketching and observing their movements — right down to how their muscles work and how they shift their weight. She also visits museums to study bird skeletons (骨架) so she can understand the structure beneath the feathers. (她会在外面坐上几个小时，画草图，观察它们的动作——精确到它们的肌肉是如何工作的，它们是如何转移体重的。她还去博物馆研究鸟类骨架，这样她就能了解羽毛下面的结构)”可知，Sara会坐在外面花上几个小时观察和描绘鸟类的动作，并且还去博物馆研究鸟类骨架，这说明她在创作过程中表现出极大的耐心和对细节的精确追求，故选A。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Her sculptures have been shown in national exhibitions, including one held by the Royal Society of British Artists in London. They can also be seen along nature trails (小径), such as at the Durham Wildlife Trust’s Low Barns reserve. Whether displayed in galleries or out in the wild, her work has been praised by museums, galleries, and wildlife trusts alike for its scientific accuracy, emotional impact, and ability to encourage greater appreciation for bird species. (她的雕塑作品曾在全国展览中展出，其中包括在伦敦由英国皇家艺术家协会举办的展览。它们也可以在自然小径上看到，比如在达勒姆野生动物信托基金的低谷仓保护区。无论是在画廊还是在野外展出，她的作品都因其科学的准确性、情感的影响以及鼓励人们更好地欣赏鸟类的能力而受到博物馆、画廊和野生动物基金会的赞扬)”可知，最后一段提到她的作品在伦敦皇家艺术家协会展出，并受到了各大博物馆、画廊和野生动物信托机构的一致好评，旨在突出她获得的认可，故选D。 06（25-26高三上·湖北省直辖县级单位·阶段练习）Once again the Captain’s will won. Silent, the men returned to their posts. But Captain Columbus was worried because he knew in his heart that a day would come when his words would no longer help. Before that day, he would see land. Not an eye closed that night. The Captain stood on the high poop (艉楼) and with sleepless eyes he tried hard to look into the darkness ahead. Then, two hours before midnight, the miracle happened. A far-off light struck his eyes. It wavered (摇曳) once or twice, moving quickly on the horizon, like a fisherman’s boat on the waves. His heart hammered (砰砰直跳). But he dared not cry out, “Land!” “Your eyes are sharp, Alfredo,” he whispered to a young sailor. “Tell me what you see.” Even as he spoke, the light disappeared. “I see nothing.” The sailor stared into the darkness. The light had reappeared. “Look out!” “Ah, yes, yes! A light. Over there.” “Quiet! Are you sure, Alfredo?” “But yes, Captain! It is gone now, yet I saw it.” Surely this was not a trick of the light! Alfredo had seen it too. Somewhere ahead in darkness were human beings and inhabited land. They stood shoulder to trembling shoulder, staring into the dark. Hour after hour passed. The sand-glass under the lantern showed that it was two o’clock in the morning. The other two ships loomed (隐约出现) vaguely and in the east the line of the horizon was clearly defined. Then came a flash of flame (火焰). The long-awaited signal! Land in sight. “Land! Land!” Almost immediately came the ringing cry. There in the west, green and fair, lay an island. Who can tell how Christopher Columbus felt at that moment? The long waiting was at an end. The dream had come true. 1. Where did the story happen? A. On an island. B. In the Captain’s dream.C. On the sea. D. In the west. 2. When did the Captain see a far-off light for the first time? A. In the morning. B. At about 2 a.m. C. At about 10 p.m. D. At midnight. 3. What’s the meaning of the underlined sentence “Not an eye closed that night”? A. Captain Columbus had been awake for the whole night. B. Captain Columbus kept an eye closed that night. C. Captain Columbus had one eye open that night. D. Captain Columbus had slept heavily for the whole night. 4. What was Captain Columbus’ dream? A. Finding the human beings in the sea. B. Discovering the land on the horizon. C. Helping his sailors get the light in the darkness. D. Being saved by other ships. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了哥伦布船长在海上航行时，发现远处的灯光，最终发现陆地的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Once again the Captain’s will won. Silent, the men returned to their posts. But Captain Columbus was worried because he knew in his heart that a day would come when his words would no longer help. Before that day, he would see land.(船长的意志再次得逞了。众人默默地回到各自的岗位上。但哥伦布船长却忧心忡忡，因为他深知在那一天到来之前，他的话语将不再起作用。在此之前，他仍会看到陆地)”和倒数第三段中“Then came a flash of flame (火焰). The long-awaited signal! Land in sight.(接着一道火焰闪过。期待已久的信号!看见陆地了)”可知，故事发生在海上。故选C项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Then, two hours before midnight, the miracle happened. A far-off light struck his eyes.(然后，午夜前两个小时，奇迹发生了。远处的一盏灯映入他的眼帘)”可知，午夜前两个小时，也就是大约晚上10点，船长第一次看到了远处的灯光。故选C项。 3. 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“The Captain stood on the high poop (艉楼) and with sleepless eyes he tried hard to look into the darkness ahead.(船长站在高高的艉楼上，用不眠的眼睛努力地望着前面的黑暗)”可知，船长整晚都站在艉楼上，努力地望着前面的黑暗，所以“Not an eye closed that night”意思是“哥伦布船长整晚都没有睡觉”。故选A项。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Who can tell how Christopher Columbus felt at that moment? The long waiting was at an end. The dream had come true.(谁能说出克里斯托弗•哥伦布那一刻的感受？漫长的等待结束了。梦想成真了)”以及前文提到船长一直担心找不到陆地，可推知，哥伦布船长的梦想是发现地平线上的陆地。故选B项。 07（25-26高三上·河北·阶段练习）In a quiet corner of the city, an old sculptor named Elias worked in his dusty studio. His current project was a massive, irregular block of marble that he had purchased years ago. He told anyone who asked that a perfect figure was already inside the stone, and his job was not to create it, but to set it free. Day after day, Elias would strike the stone with his chisel. Bystanders who watched from a distance were puzzled. “He is ruining a perfectly good piece of rock,” one would whisper. “He is just making it smaller and uglier,” another might comment. They saw only destruction, the slow reduction of a large object into a smaller one. Elias paid them no mind. His focus was absolute, his hands guided by a vision that others could not see. He wasn’t adding anything; he was simply removing the parts that were not the figure. Months turned into a season. The once shapeless block began to show hints of a form. A delicate arm emerged, then the curve (曲线) of a shoulder, and finally, a calm face looking downward. The whispers of the onlookers changed. They no longer saw destruction, but the truth. They began to understand that Elias was not a destroyer, but a discoverer. When the work was finally done, a beautiful statue of a young woman in deep thought stood where the rough stone once was. It was a masterpiece. A student asked Elias, “How did you create such a wonderful thing from nothing?” The old sculptor smiled and replied, “I created nothing. The figure was always there. I just chipped away the marble that was keeping her from the world.” 1. How did the onlookers initially feel about the sculptor’s work? A. They admired his great artistic talent. B. They felt he was ruining the material. C. They offered to assist in his project. D. They grasped his purpose from the start. 2. What did the sculptor believe his primary task was? A. He built upon the existing form. B. He took away what was not needed. C. He colored the stone’s surface. D. He altered the stone’s nature. 3. What change occurred in the observers’ attitude over time? A. From doubt to appreciation. B. From excitement to disappointment. C. From ignoring to joining in. D. From approval to questioning. 4. What is the main message the author intends to convey? A. True art is about adding new things. B. Greatness comes from removing the excess. C. Effort alone guarantees final achievement. D. Public opinion shapes artistic creation. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了雕塑家Elias通过去除多余的大理石，让原本藏于石中的完美雕像现世的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Bystanders who watched from a distance were puzzled. “He is ruining a perfectly good piece of rock,” one would whisper. “He is just making it smaller and uglier,” another might comment.(从远处观望的旁观者们感到困惑。“他在毁掉一块完好的石头，” 有人会低声说。“他只是把它弄小、弄丑了，” 另一个人可能会这样评论)”可知，旁观者最初认为雕塑家在毁坏材料。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“He told anyone who asked that a perfect figure was already inside the stone, and his job was not to create it, but to set it free.(他对任何询问的人说，石头里已经有一个完美的形象了，他的工作不是去创造它，而是把它解放出来)”以及第二段中“He wasn’t adding anything; he was simply removing the parts that were not the figure.(他没有添加任何东西；只是去掉了不属于这个形象的部分)”可知，雕塑家认为自己的主要任务是移除不需要的部分。故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Bystanders who watched from a distance were puzzled.(从远处观看的旁观者感到困惑)”以及第三段中“The whispers of the onlookers changed. They no longer saw destruction, but the truth.(旁观者的低语发生了变化。他们不再看到破坏，而是看到了真相)”可知，观察者的态度从最初的怀疑逐渐转变为欣赏。故选A。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The old sculptor smiled and replied, “I created nothing. The figure was always there. I just chipped away the marble that was keeping her from the world.”(老雕塑家微笑着回答：“我什么也没创造。雕像一直都在那里。我只是去掉了阻挡她现世的大理石。”)”可知，作者想传达的主要信息是伟大来自于去除多余的东西。故选B。 08（25-26高三上·四川成都·期中）When I entered senior high school as a freshman, English became my biggest source of frustration and embarrassment. My scores never climbed above 80 out of 150, leaving me at the bottom of the class. Classmates often shot me disdainful glances when English papers were handed out, and some even joked that I was “a lost cause” in languages. Teachers shook their heads at my grades, and I grew increasingly inferior, hiding my homework whenever others passed by and avoiding oral English activities like the plague. I tried self-study a few times, but the words felt like meaningless symbols and grammar rules a tangled mess—soon, I gave up, convinced I’d never master the language. Everything shifted when Lily joined our class in the second semester. Bright and gentle, she was a top student with English scores consistently in the grade’s top 5. Her smooth pronunciation and insightful answers in class left everyone impressed, but what touched me most was her kindness. Once, after I scored a mere 73 on a test and sat alone in despair, she walked over softly. “Don’t give up,” she said, pointing out my mistakes and explaining grammar points patiently. Staring into her warm eyes, I felt a sudden urge to narrow the gap between us—not just to win her favor, but to prove I could stand beside someone as excellent as her. I threw myself into English with unshakable resolve. Starting with vocabulary, I bought a notebook and wrote down every difficult word repeatedly—sometimes 400 times a day until my fingers ached. I stayed up late reading simple English articles, looked up every unknown word, and copied model essays to learn sentence structures. I also mustered the courage to ask Lily for help after class, she always recommended useful resources and encouraged me when I stumbled. There were setbacks: mock exams with little progress, classmates mocking my “foolish pursuit,” and nights I wanted to quit. But the thought of Lily’s belief in me kept me going. Two years of relentless effort paid off. My scores rose steadily, and by senior year, I was scoring over 120 in mock exams. In the college entrance examination, I achieved 125-far beyond my wildest dreams as a freshman. When I told Lily, she smiled and said, “I always knew you could do it.” Looking back, Lily was the spark that ignited my motivation, but the real victory was overcoming my own doubts. I learned that no matter how tough the start, persistence and self-belief can turn even the most impossible goals into reality. 1. What can we infer about the author’s initial experience with English in senior high school? A. He received active help from his teachers. B. He felt ashamed and lacked confidence in learning English. C. He focused on English to keep up with his classmates. D. He found English grammar easy but vocabulary difficult. 2. Why did the author decide to improve his English? A. To live up to his parents’ high expectations. B. To prove his classmates’ jokes were wrong. C. To narrow the gap between him and Lily. D. To get a scholarship for college admission. 3. What does the underlined word “relentless” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Intermittent and casual. B. Persistent and unwavering. C. Hasty and reckless. D. Gentle and flexible. 4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. Lily’s cold attitude towards the author pushed him to work harder. B. The author’s English score improved by exactly 55 points. C. The author gave up self-study completely after meeting Lily. D. The author’s own persistence played a key role in his success. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者高中初期英语成绩垫底、极度自卑，在同学莉莉的鼓励下，通过两年不懈努力最终大幅提升英语成绩，实现自我突破的成长故事。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I grew increasingly inferior, hiding my homework whenever others passed by and avoiding oral English activities like the plague.(我变得越来越自卑，别人经过时总会把作业藏起来，像躲避瘟疫一样回避英语口语活动。)”以及“convinced I’d never master the language.(确信自己永远无法掌握这门语言。)”可知，作者初期学习英语时感到羞愧，且对学好英语毫无信心。故选B项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Staring into her warm eyes, I felt a sudden urge to narrow the gap between us—not just to win her favor, but to prove I could stand beside someone as excellent as her.(凝视着她温暖的眼睛，我突然迫切地想缩小我们之间的差距——不只是为了赢得她的好感，更是为了证明自己能和像她一样优秀的人并肩。)”可知，作者决定提升英语是为了缩小和莉莉之间的差距。故选C项。 3. 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Starting with vocabulary, I bought a notebook and wrote down every difficult word repeatedly—sometimes 400 times a day until my fingers ached. I stayed up late reading simple English articles...(从词汇开始，我买了笔记本，反复抄写每个难词——有时一天抄400遍，直到手指酸痛。我熬夜读简单的英语文章……)”以及“There were setbacks... But the thought of Lily’s belief in me kept me going.(虽然有挫折……但一想到莉莉对我的信任，我就坚持了下来。)”可知，作者两年里始终坚持学习，从未轻易放弃。由此可推断“relentless”意为“坚持不懈的、坚定不移的”，与“Persistent and unwavering”含义一致。故选B项。 4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Lily was the spark that ignited my motivation, but the real victory was overcoming my own doubts. I learned that no matter how tough the start, persistence and self-belief can turn even the most impossible goals into reality.(莉莉是点燃我动力的火花，但真正的胜利是克服了自己的疑虑。我明白了，无论起点多艰难，坚持和自信能将最不可能的目标变为现实。)”可知，莉莉只是激发了作者的动力，而作者自身的坚持才是成功的关键。故选D项。 09（25-26高三上·江苏南通·阶段练习）The road, straight and smooth, leads towards civilization. All around us, the flat nothingness is interrupted only by electricity pylons (输电线塔), stretching into the distance like children holding jump ropes. We pass ghost-town service stations with empty convenience stores stocked with drinks, noodles, and vacuum-packed chicken feet. Then Dunhuang comes into view. One site that traders would have almost certainly visited is the Mogao Caves. These 492 caves were hand-carved into a cliff face because a Buddhist monk named Le Zun had a vision of 1,000 Buddhas bathed in golden light at the site in 366 C. E. The interior walls were painted with breathtaking murals and the niches (壁龛) filled with statues of Buddha. Merchants would pass by to pray for protection from the warring nomads (游牧民族) and murderous thieves on the path. However, as the Silk Road trade was abandoned in favor of sea routes in the 14th century, Dunhuang was swallowed by the sands of time and knowledge of the caves faded from memory. I walk along an avenue of silver poplar trees. To my left, the caves look similar to a row of prison blocks: squat square doorframes, each numbered, and set into the concrete. But as I dip my head to enter, a colorful dreamworld of dragons, phoenixes, and petal-scattering apsaras (飞天女神) unfolds. The hands of our guide make shadow puppets on the wall as she gestures in front of the torchlight. In Cave 96 sits a nine-story-tall Buddha statue, the third tallest in China. All I can see is the edge of his robes decorated with fierce dragons and blue lotus flowers. His long toenails are at the right height for scratching the top of my head. I crane my neck to stare at his ruby lips. They are tightly pursed, refusing to tell me the whispered secrets of travelers before me. 1. Which best describes the author’s impression on the way to Dunhuang? A. Peaceful. B. Burdened. C. Deserted. D. Modernized. 2. How did the decline of the Silk Road trade affect Dunhuang? A. It led to the construction of more caves. B. It caused Dunhuang to become timeless. C. It attracted more and more tourists to Dunhuang. D. It resulted in Dunhuang being forgotten over time. 3. What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To explain the significance of the cave. B. To convey the author’s sense of wonder. C. To highlight the cultural value of the cave. D. To provide specific description of the cave. 4. What can be the best title for the passage? A. Caves of Faith B. Echoes of the cave C. Secrets of the Silk Road D. Guardians of the Golden Light 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇游记。文章主要讲述了作者前往敦煌的沿途风光，介绍了莫高窟的历史背景、洞窟内的壁画与佛像。 1. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The road, straight and smooth, leads towards civilization. All around us, the flat nothingness is interrupted only by electricity pylons (输电线塔), stretching into the distance like children holding jump ropes. We pass ghost-town service stations with empty convenience stores stocked with drinks, noodles, and vacuum-packed chicken feet. (这条路笔直平坦，通往文明深处。环顾四周，广袤的空旷之地只有一座座输电线塔矗立其间，它们向远方延伸，宛如孩童手持跳绳的模样。我们途经几座宛如鬼城的加油站，站内的便利店空无一人，货架上却还摆放着饮料、方便面和真空包装的鸡爪。)”中的“广袤的空旷之地”、“宛如鬼城的加油站”以及“便利店空无一人”都体现出了荒凉、无人烟的氛围。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“However, as the Silk Road trade was abandoned in favor of sea routes in the 14th century, Dunhuang was swallowed by the sands of time and knowledge of the caves faded from memory.(然而，到了14世纪，丝绸之路的贸易被弃用，人们转而选择海上航线，敦煌也随之被时间的黄沙掩埋，关于这些洞窟的记忆也渐渐淡出了人们的视野。)”可知，丝绸之路贸易衰落使敦煌被时间的黄沙掩埋，关于它的记忆也逐渐淡出人们的视野，即敦煌逐渐被遗忘。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In Cave 96 sits a nine-story-tall Buddha statue, the third tallest in China. All I can see is the edge of his robes decorated with fierce dragons and blue lotus flowers. His long toenails are at the right height for scratching the top of my head. I crane my neck to stare at his ruby lips. They are tightly pursed, refusing to tell me the whispered secrets of travelers before me.(96号洞窟内坐落着一尊九层高的佛像，这是中国第三高的佛像。我所能看到的，只有佛像衣袍的边角——上面装饰着威风凛凛的龙与蓝色的莲花。佛像修长的脚趾甲刚好到能碰到我头顶的高度。我仰起脖子，凝视着他红宝石般的嘴唇。那嘴唇紧紧抿着，不愿向我透露往日旅人们曾在此低语的秘密。)”可知，在最后一段中，作者详细描写了96号洞窟内九层高佛像的细节，如“佛像衣袍的边角”、“修长的脚趾甲”以及“红宝石般的嘴唇”，都是为了表达作者的惊叹之情。故选B。 4. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Then Dunhuang comes into view.(随后，敦煌便映入了眼帘。)”以及全文内容可知，全文围绕敦煌莫高窟展开：先描述前往敦煌的沿途景象，再介绍莫高窟的历史起源、过往商人的祈福用途，最后详细描写洞窟内的壁画与96号洞窟的佛像，主要介绍了莫高窟这一承载信仰的地点。选项A“Caves of Faith(信仰之窟)”与此相符。故选A。 10（25-26高三上·重庆·阶段练习）Due to the subsequent flooding in Rochester, unsuspecting students now face a new danger on their walks to class. On dry mornings, when the ground breathes a sigh of relief to finally escape the endless battering from the clouds, chilling corpses line the paths to the library. It’s a graveyard of fallen earthworm soldiers. Perhaps the scarier moments, however, come in the depths of night. Huddled into your rain jacket as you prepare to run back to your only slightly warmer dormitory, you may suddenly find yourself blinded by a ring of flashlights. “FREEZE!” A voice will yell. “DON’T MOVE YOUR FEET!”. It’s probably one of the most secretive clubs on campus. Their origins? Suspicious. Their leader? Unknown. Their task? “SAVE THE WORMS!”. With their battle cry ringing through the stormy air, the members of the club will set out for their night journey. Eyes peeled, flashlights swinging, they will inch along each path until encountering a struggling earthworm. “I’ve found another one!” I’ll hear them yell. “Quick, bring the chopsticks”. You may not be able to believe your eyes as you watch each fellow student carefully use a pair of chopsticks to gently lift a drowning worm from the concrete. They spin with their chopsticks and send their recently rescued worm flying into the grass and back to dirty safety. The Wormers are very efficient. They’ll have your path cleared within half an hour, at which point the Worm Leader will gesture you forward with a humble bow. A small tip: don’t take his offered hand — it’s likely to be covered in worm juice. Honestly, at this point it’s in your best interest to close your gaping mouth and just nod amicably. 1. What is the new danger faced by students on their way to class? A. Drowning insects. B. Dead bodies of worms. C. fallen leaves and branches. D. Unexpected storms. 2. How do the club members rescue the earthworms? A. By shouting to warn people not to step on them. B. By using flashlights to scare them to the grass. C. By cleaning their moving path with water and tools. D. By using chopsticks to transfer them to safe areas. 3. What can be inferred about the author’s attitude toward the club’s actions? A. Amused and respectful. B. Critical and disgusted. C. Fearful and suspicious. D. Indifferent and neutral. 4. Which is the best title for the text? A. The Flooding Crisis in Rochester B. The Secret Night Rescue of Earthworms C. University Students’ Strange Hobbies D. How to Protect Worms During Storms 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述罗切斯特洪水后学生遇蚯蚓尸体，校园秘密俱乐部夜用筷子救蚯蚓的事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“On dry mornings, when the ground breathes a sigh of relief to finally escape the endless battering from the clouds, chilling corpses line the paths to the library. It’s a graveyard of fallen earthworm soldiers.(在干燥的早晨，当地面终于从无尽的云层打击中解脱出来松了一口气时，通往图书馆的小路上排列着令人毛骨悚然的尸体。这是一个阵亡蚯蚓士兵的墓地)”可知，学生在去上课的路上面临的新危险是蚯蚓的尸体。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“You may not be able to believe your eyes as you watch each fellow student carefully use a pair of chopsticks to gently lift a drowning worm from the concrete.(当你看着每个同学小心翼翼地用一双筷子从混凝土上轻轻抬起一只溺水的蚯蚓时，你可能不敢相信自己的眼睛。)”和“They spin with their chopsticks and send their recently rescued worm flying into the grass and back to dirty safety.(他们用筷子旋转，把刚救出的蚯蚓扔到草地上，回到肮脏的安全地带。)”可知，俱乐部成员用筷子把蚯蚓转移到安全的地方来拯救它们。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The Wormers are very efficient. They’ll have your path cleared within half an hour, at which point the Worm Leader will gesture you forward with a humble bow. A small tip: don’t take his offered hand — it’s likely to be covered in worm juice. Honestly, at this point it’s in your best interest to close your gaping mouth and just nod amicably.(“蚯蚓拯救者”效率很高。他们会在半小时内把你的路清理干净，这时“蚯蚓领袖”会谦卑地鞠躬示意你前进。一个小建议：不要握他伸出的手——那上面可能沾满了蚯蚓汁。老实说，此时你最好闭上张大的嘴巴，友好地点点头)”可知，作者对俱乐部成员拯救蚯蚓的行动既觉得有趣又表示尊重。故选A。 4. 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“It’s probably one of the most secretive clubs on campus. Their origins? Suspicious. Their leader? Unknown. Their task? “SAVE THE WORMS!”.(这可能是校园里最神秘的俱乐部之一。他们的起源？可疑的。他们的领袖？未知的。他们的任务？“拯救蚯蚓！”)”以及文章主要描述了校园里一个神秘的俱乐部在夜晚拯救蚯蚓的行动，可知，B选项“夜晚拯救蚯蚓的秘密行动”最适合作文章标题。故选B。 11（25-26高三上·江西景德镇·期中）Last spring, my youngest daughter Kristen, who had moved from our home in Philadelphia to San Francisco two years earlier, said to me during a video call, “Mom, we need to find a hobby we can do together online.” We already spoke face-to-face through a video connection for an hour every Sunday without fail, and her father even gave her guitar lessons that way. I thought long and hard. Then I said, “I’m genuinely bad at crafts, but what if we try making pot holders? The kind we weave with cotton loops (圈) on a small loom (织布机). When I was 10, I made a lot of them and sold each for 5 cents in our neighborhood. They are easy to learn, but I hope I still have the skill.” Keen on the idea, Kristen quickly ordered us each a loom and loop bags, naming our sessions “Patti’s Pot Holders” after me. I’ve always cherished family time, missing our Sunday dinners around the big table, yet wanted my kids — now young adults — to feel unfettered. “You have wings,” I told them, and Kristen used hers to move 3,000 miles away. She embraced that freedom, texting me daily about new adventures: kayaking, hiking, and salsa dancing. I could barely keep up. Our first pot holder session was spent figuring out the instructions as I jogged my memory. First, I attached loops horizontally to the 7-inch loom. Then I wove other loops over and under the attached ones with a hook, and finished with a crocheted edge. The whole process took about an hour. But by the second session, we had gotten the hang of it well enough to chat freely. We asked each other questions and shared truths, and I learned more about her than when she lived nearby. Now, the 15 colorful pot holders I’ve made hung on my kitchen wall like an art installation. But the real art — listening to and sharing quality time with my daughter — floats in the airwaves between Philadelphia and San Francisco. 1. Why did the author and Kristen decide to make pot holders? A. To share their daily lives. B. To pass on a traditional skill. C. To strengthen their connections. D. To remember the former days. 2. What does the underlined word “unfettered” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Free. B. Energetic. C. Confident. D. Delighted. 3. What can we know about the process of making the pot holders? A. It is out of control. B. It is full of interaction. C. It is highly complicated. D. It is very time-consuming. 4. What does the author’s story show? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. All good things must come to an end. C. Family should be open to each other. D. Tiny shared joys can keep family ties strong. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和女儿通过一起制作隔热手套来增进亲情的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Last spring, my youngest daughter Kristen, who had moved from our home in Philadelphia to San Francisco two years earlier, said to me during a video call, “Mom, we need to find a hobby we can do together online.”(去年春天，我最小的女儿克里斯汀两年前从我们在费城的家搬到了旧金山，她在一次视频通话中对我说：“妈妈，我们需要找一个可以在网上一起做的爱好。”)”和第二段中“Keen on the idea, Kristen quickly ordered us each a loom and loop bags, naming our sessions “Patti’s Pot Holders” after me.(克里斯汀很喜欢这个想法，很快给我们每人订购了一个织布机和环状袋，并以我的名字命名我们的活动为“帕蒂的隔热手套”)”可知，女儿克里斯汀两年前离开了家，从费城搬到了旧金山，平时与作者只能视频通话。女儿提出找一个可以在网上一起做的爱好——制作隔热手套——是为了加强母女之间的联系。故选C项。 2. 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文““You have wings,” I told them, and Kristen used hers to move 3,000 miles away. She embraced that freedom, texting me daily about new adventures: kayaking, hiking, and salsa dancing.(“你们都有翅膀，”我曾这样告诉她们。而克里斯汀真的展翅飞到了三千英里外。她尽情拥抱这份自由，每天发短信向我讲述新冒险：划独木舟、徒步远征、跳莎莎舞)”可知，作者希望孩子们能自由飞翔，去感受自由。由此可推知，划线词unfettered意为“自由的”，与A项“Free”意思相近。故选A项。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Our first pot holder session was spent figuring out the instructions as I jogged my memory. First, I attached loops horizontally to the 7-inch loom. Then I wove other loops over and under the attached ones with a hook, and finish with a crocheted edge. The whole process took about an hour. But by the second session, we had gotten hang of it well enough to chat freely. We asked each other questions and shared truths, and I learned more about her than when she lived nearby.(我们第一次做隔热手套，我一边努力回忆步骤一边研究说明书。首先将编织圈水平固定在7英寸的织架上，然后用钩针引导其他编织圈上下穿梭，最后用钩针收边。整个过程耗时约一小时。但到第二次制作时，我们已熟练到能轻松闲聊——相互提问，分享心事，我反而比她住在隔壁时更了解她的世界)”可知，在制作隔热手套的过程中，作者与女儿充满了互动。故选B项。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Last spring, my youngest daughter Kristen, who had moved from our home in Philadelphia to San Francisco two years earlier, said to me during a video call, “Mom, we need to find a hobby we can do together online.”(去年春天，我最小的女儿克里斯汀两年前从我们在费城的家搬到了旧金山，她在一次视频通话中对我说：“妈妈，我们需要找一个可以在网上一起做的爱好。”)”和最后一段“Now, the 15 colorful pot holders I’ve made hung on my kitchen wall like an art installation. But the real art — listening to and sharing quality time with my daughter — floats in the airwaves between Philadelphia and San Francisco.(现在，我做的15个色彩鲜艳的隔热手套像艺术品一样挂在我厨房的墙上。但真正的艺术——倾听并与女儿分享美好时光——在费城和旧金山之间的电波中飘荡)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者和女儿通过一起制作隔热手套来增进亲情的故事，作者的故事表明小小的共同乐趣可以保持家庭关系的紧密。故选D项。 12（25-26高三上·湖北襄阳·阶段练习）On a recent weekday, I sent an Instagram message to a friend of mine, an art adviser named Stephen Truax, to chat about an exhibition. Instead of messaging me back in the app, he texted me to say that he’d blocked Instagram on his smartphone during daytime working hours. Impressed, I asked him how he was accomplishing such an achievement. Truax said he was using Opal, an app that makes your smartphone more like a so-called dumbphone (功能机). He said that several of his friends swore by the app, and so he had begun using it, too. I took this word of mouth as evidence that it might actually work. I downloaded it without any particular optimism, considering my phone addiction an incurable case. Opal provides something like gentle parenting for your smartphone habits: you set up a daily schedule of which apps to block, and then the app guides you into sticking with it. As the app suggested, I set up a “Work Time” block from 9 A. M. to 5 P.M. and selected every social app I ever use. At the scheduled time, those apps go gray on my home screen and remain that way all day. Every time I’m frustrated that I can’t look at Instagram on my phone, I just think, surely I, a human adult, can wait a few more hours to see my friends’ dog photos — 5 P.M. isn’t that far away. Crucially, Opal also allows users to suspend the block for short periods of time without feeling like failures; when the scheduled break time elapses, the blockage automatically continues. I find comfort in the fact that my mind feels clearer after a full workday without scrolling social media, and an added bonus is that once the block ends I can go through all the good posts that I missed. As Truax told me, “The flood of content that happens after dinner is wild.” The addiction is not cured, perhaps, but at least it’s finally managed. 1. What did Truax do after receiving the message from the author? A. He texted back. B. He replied in Opal. C. He blocked Instagram. D. He chatted about the exhibition. 2. How did the author feel when downloading Opal? A. Disappointed. B. Helpful. C. Pessimistic.           D. Impressed. 3. What does the underlined word “elapses” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Starts.       B. Passes. C. Separates. D. Approaches. 4. What can we learn from the text? A. Surfing the web makes the mind clearer. B. Practising self-control deepens enjoyment. C. It’s best to surf the latest news after supper. D. It is impossible to ease phone addiction. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者受朋友影响下载Opal应用，设定工作时间屏蔽社交软件，发现此举让思绪更清晰且能管理手机成瘾问题。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Instead of messaging me back in the app, he texted me to say that he’d blocked Instagram on his smartphone during daytime working hours. (他没有在应用里回消息，而是发短信告诉我，他在白天工作时间屏蔽了手机上的Instagram)”可知，特鲁瓦收到作者消息后发了短信回复。故选A项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“I downloaded it without any particular optimism, considering my phone addiction an incurable case. (我下载了它，并没有抱太大希望，认为自己的手机瘾已经无药可救了)”可知，作者下载Opal时态度悲观，对其没有抱太大希望。故选C项。 3. 词句猜测题。根据第四段“Crucially, Opal also allows users to suspend the block for short periods of time without feeling like failures; when the scheduled break time elapses, the blockage automatically continues. (关键的是，Opal还允许用户在短时间内暂停屏蔽，而不会觉得自己失败了；当预定的休息时间elapses后，屏蔽会自动恢复)”可知，Opal短时间内暂停屏蔽，当时间超过，即预定时间结束后就会屏蔽，所以猜测elapses应表示“结束、过去”，与passes含义相近。故选B项。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“I find comfort in the fact that my mind feels clearer after a full workday without scrolling social media, and an added bonus is that once the block ends I can go through all the good posts that I missed. (在一整天不刷社交媒体后，我的头脑感觉更清晰了，这让我感到欣慰。此外，当屏蔽结束后，我还能浏览所有错过的精彩帖子，这是额外的收获)”可知，通过自我控制（用Opal屏蔽社交软件），作者不仅头脑清晰，还能更好地享受后续的内容，说明自我控制能加深愉悦感。故选B项。 $