Unit 3 Period 3 Learning about language and Discovering useful structures课件-高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

该高中英语课件聚焦构词法（合成、转化、派生）及-ing形式语法功能，通过“Think and Dig”活动分析句子中-ing形式作主语、状语等功能导入，从词汇积累到语法应用逐步递进，构建“词汇学习-语法解析-语用练习”的学习支架。 其亮点在于结合东北虎豹国家公园等真实语料，通过构词实例（如sunrise合成、green动词化）和梯度练习（基础辨析到高考链接题），提升学生语言能力与思维品质，任务设计培养自主归纳的学习能力。学生能系统掌握词形与语法规律，教师可直接利用丰富练习提升教学效率。

UNIT 3 FASCINATING PARKS Build up your vocabulary To learn the grammar Word Formation: conversion, derivation, compounding. To know about The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park. 英语构词法主要有三种：合成、转化和派生。 合成：将两个意思不同的单词结合成一个新词。 这类词可以由“名词+动词”、“名词+名词”或“形容词+名词”等构成。如： 构词法 ①名词+动词：sun + rise → sunrise ②名词+名词：note + book → notebook ③形容词+名词：blue + berry → blueberry ④动词+名词：work + room → workroom ⑤形容词+动词：high + light → highlight ⑥动词+副词：break + up → breakup 日出、黎明、晨曦 笔记本（电脑） 蓝莓；西部幽灵 工作室、作坊 阐明、说明 解体、分裂 注意： 1. 在合成词中有的词连写，有的词不连写，有的词之间用连字符连接。 eg keyboard, network, newspaper, bus stop, post office, high-speed, CD-ROM, warm-up The teacher wrote the equation on the blackboard. Don’t forget to buy toothpaste when you go to the supermarket. Online check-in for your flight is available 24 hours before departure. He made a last-minute decision to join the trip. 2. 合成形容词被视为一个单词，常放在所修饰词的前面。 eg Do you know the middle-aged man sitting on the chair? My neighbor is a kind-hearted lady. 转化：一个单词的词形不经过任何变化而由一种词性转化为另一种词性。 eg ①名词转化为动词：ship (n.) → ship (v.) (to send or transport sth. /sb. in a ship) After his training, the soldier was shipped off to a foreign base. ②形容词转化为动词：green (adj.) → green (v.) (to make ... environmentally friendly) Over the years, they have greened the hillside by planting thousands of trees. ③介词转化为名词：the ups and downs of life Dealing with the emotional ups and downs of adolescence can be challenging for teenagers. ④连词转化为名词：no ifs, ands, or buts You’re going to the dentist, no ifs, ands, or buts about it! 派生：通过给一个单词加前缀或后缀构成另一个词。(前缀一般改变词义而不改变词性，后缀一般改变词性而不改变词义) 前 缀 含 义 例 词 anti- 反，反对 防，防止 co- 共同，联合 micro- 微小的 over- 太，过于 外面 额外 上方 -aholic 嗜好……的，对……成瘾的 -ee 受动者，受益者 -like 类似……的，有……特征的 -ed / -d 有……特征的，以……为特征的 -ous 有……性质的 antisocial, antibody, antibody, antigovernment antifreeze, antiseptic, antivirus co-author, co-worker, co-founder, cooperate, collaborate, microwave, microsoft, microscope, microrganism, microgram overconfident, overwork, overeat, oversleep overcoat, overflow, overseas overtime, overcome, overwhelm, overtake overhang, overlook, overhead, overpass, overstep shopaholic, chocaholic, workaholic, spendaholic employee, trainee, interviewee, addressee, nominee childlike, shell-like, lifelike, dreamlike, Godlike talented, bearded, four-legged, blue-eyed poisonous, mountainous, famous, dangerous, courageous Guess the meanings and parts of speech of the words in italics. 1. He handed me a book with his shaking hand. 5. He smelled the familiar smell of aged wood and dust-laden memories. vt. 递给 n. 手 2. He stood in silence, his face facing east. n. 脸 v. 面向 3. The terrible flood last night flooded the whole village. n. 水灾 v. 淹没 4. The warm bedroom warmed me though it was very cold outside. adj. 温暖的 v. 使暖和 v. 闻 n. 气味 A. the outer limit of an object B. an official or legal prohibition C. a meal with several dishes from which people serve themselves D. move carefully towards something E. far from, not close F. officially or legally prohibit G. (especially of wind or wave) strike repeatedly with a lot of force H. (informal) a device for controlling something else from a distance 1 Match each word with its proper meaning. ( )1. buffet v. ( )2. buffet n. ( )3. edge v. ( )4. edge n. ( )5. ban v. ( )6. ban n. ( )7. remote adj. ( )8. remote n. G C D A F B E H n.禁止;阻止;禁令 vt.禁止;阻止 8 Passagetiona unchangeable adj. _______ dislike v. _________ impossibility n. _________ unfriendly adj. __________ overwork v. ____________ misunderstanding n. ____________ athletic adj. ____________ misread v. ___________ translator n. ____________ change like possible friend work understand athlete read translate New words can also be formed by using prefixes and suffixes. Find and underline the prefixes or suffixes in the words below. Then write out the original words. 2 Work out the meanings of the underlined words in the sentences below and state whether they are compounds or derivatives. 1. I believe that a journalist should be completely objective. 2. Whenever I sneeze, my English teacher says, “Bless you!” 3. We are impressed by the vastness and breathtaking beauty of the oceans. 4. He bought a traditional tea set at the airport: a nice teapot and four teacups. 5. He ordered the dish labelled “Pumpkin Pie and Ice Cream”. derivative derivative compound compound 记者 客观的 无论何时 巨大 令人惊叹的 n.喷嚏 vi.打喷嚏 传统的 derivative 机场 compound 茶杯 冰激凌 compound vt.贴标签n.标签;标记 3 Complete the passage below with the correct forms of the words in the box. The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park was ______ in Jilin and Heilongjiang, with __________ stretching all the way to the border and joining with Russia’s wildlife reserves. This _____ new park is nearly four times larger than the old wildlife park protecting Siberian tigers in Northeast China. Over the years, increased development in the area affected the tigers’ habitat, and it was thought that by 1998 there were only six to nine wild Siberian tigers living in the _______ region. However, a _____ on development put in place in 2015 resulted in a _______ population increase of the species, and now the area is thought to have about 35 tigers and 70 leopards. The problem, however, was that the old park was too small to support further population increases. Always, ____________ Siberian tigers and leopards need large areas to hunt for food. This larger park, with a connection to Russia’s wildlife reserves across the border, should give these species the natural space they need to live in. set up boundaries boundary, visible, remote, vast, on the move, ban, set up vast remote ban visible on the move UNIT 3 FASCINATING PARKS Discovering useful structures 12 Think and Dig (P26 ~ P27) What is the function of the V-ing form in each sentence? 1. Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible. (Para. 1) 2. Checking my watch, I see that it is 7:30 a.m. (Para. 1) 3. Spreading out before me, branches of the Rapa River flow through the walley below. (Para. 1) 4. Around 9,000 years ago, this ice melted, leaving behind about 100 glaciers. (Para. 2) 5. Following the reindeer were the Sami people, who made this territory their home. (Para. 2) 6. Getting here is quite difficult, so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek. (Para. 2) subject adverbial adverbial adverbial predicative subject Ⅰ Lead-in 13 7. For hundreds of years, looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami. (Para. 3) 8. But every spring, a small number of Sami still follow their reindeer into the valleys of Sarek, living in tents or old cottages and enjoying their traditions. (Para.3) 9. For example, this morning my breakfast is flat bread warmed over a fire, dried reindeer meat, and some sweet and sour berries that I found growing near my tent. (Para. 3) 10. Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive. (Para. 4) 11. Here I am, alone under this broad sky, breathing the fresh air, and enjoying this great adventure. (Para. 4) 12. Standing at the edge of the mountain, watching the Rapa River flow through the valley below, I feel so blessed to be alive and have this rare opportunity to explore this unique territory, which is almost unknown to the outside world. (P27 Ex. 5) subject adverbials Think and Dig (P26 ~ P27) complement subject adverbials adverbials 14 Close by, there are a few reindeer feeding on grass. (Para. 2) It was thought that by 1998 there were only six to nine wild Siberian tigers living in the remote region. (P28. Ex. 3) Please summarise the usage of V-ing / V-ed / to do in there be. Think and Dig (P26 ~ P27) 即学即用 1. He believed that diligence was the path _________ to success. 2. There is a warning message ________ on a sign at the entrance. 3. There were some children __________ (swim) in the nearby river. 4. There were about 300 people ________________ (move) to the new factory in the south. 5. There were thousands of people ______ (kill) in the earthquake. leading written swimming to move / moving killed 15 Discover useful structures The -ing Form as the— Examples It was great fun enjoying the relaxing time! I just can’t take my eyes off the shining lights on the Christmas trees everywhere. You look amazing today. The most important thing is getting there in time. She heard someone knocking at the door. You have kept me waiting the whole morning. She sat at the desk reading a newspaper. Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit. predicative attributive object complement adverbial subject The -ing form: Get to know more about -ing form V-ing 形式 动名词 现在分词 Ⅱ The -ing form as the subject 17 时态 / 语态 主动 语态 被动语态 复合结构 否定式 V-ing 一般式 doing being done sb / sb’s doing sb / sb’s not doing sb / sb’s not having done 完成式 having done having been done 句子成分 主语 表语 宾语 宾补 定语 状语 V-ing 动名词 现在分词 Ο Ο Ο Ο     The -ing form: Get to know more about -ing form The -ing form: Observe and Find 1. 动词 -ing 形式作主语表示抽象的或泛指的动作, 谓语动词用单数。 Reading aloud is a powerful bridge that turns private words into a shared experience. Going to bed early and getting up early is a cornerstone of a healthy lifestyle. Travelling along the old Silk Road was like walking through a living museum. 2. 动名词的复合结构的形式为“名词所有格 / 形容词性物主代词 / 人称代词宾格 / 名词普通格 + 动名词”。 His being late has become a bad habit that needs to be addressed. The students’ knowing English greatly facilitated their communication with the international community. We are eagerly waiting for the expert’s / the expert coming to give us a lecture. 3. 动词 -ing 形式的否定形式是在其前面加 not，带有逻辑主语时 not 应在动词 -ing 形式之前。 Not cleaning the wound properly greatly increases the risk of infection. Her son’s not coming home in time for dinner again has become a source of constant worry. He was criticized by his manager for not finishing the report on schedule. 4. 动词 -ing 形式作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作,不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作。 Facing up to your problems rather than running away from them is the best approach to working things out. To complete a marathon is both a physical and mental challenge. While singing is my hobby, to perform on CCTV’s platform represents the fulfillment of my dream. 5. 动词 -ing 形式作主语时常后置，用 it 作形式主语，用形容词或名词作表语。常见的作表语的名词或短语有：no use, no good, fun, hard work, a hard / difficult job, a wonder, a waste of time 等。 It is worthwhile to visit the local museum to understand the town’s history. It’s no good waiting for him to apologize; you know how stubborn he is. It’s a waste of time reading the instructions if you already know how to assemble the furniture. It is no use arguing with him; he never changes his mind once it’s made up. It + be + a waste of time doing … 做……是浪费时间的 It is / was no good / use doing … 做……是没益 / 用处的 It is / was hardly / scarcely worth doing … 做……不值得 It is / was worth / worthwhile doing … 做……是值得的 There is no sense / point in doing … 做……没有道理 The -ing form as the subject: The -ing form as the subject: Practice makes perfect. 1. Mary’s ________ (come) back home late last night woke everyone up. 2. It is worth ________ (put) in the effort for the opportunities it will bring. 3. Being able to have access to digital payment ____ (be) such a convenience for us in the modern age. 4. The news of his ________________ (not elect) made us surprised a lot as he was indeed very excellent. coming putting is not being elected The -ing form as the subject: Instant Exercises (P29, 2) 2 Rewrite each of the following sentences using the -ing form as the subject. EXAMPLE It is challenging yet really fascinating to hike through the mountains in the pathless Sarek. Hiking through the mountains in the pathless Sarek is challenging yet really fascinating. 1. It is both challenging and rewarding to study abroad. Studying abroad is both challenging and rewarding. 2. It would hardly be possible to go on a hiking tour in Sarek in winter due to the extreme cold. Going on a hiking tour in Sarek in winter would hardly be possible due to the extreme cold. 3. Honestly, it can be both exciting and terrifying to explore a vast unknown land. Honestly, exploring a vast unknown land can be both exciting and terrifying. 4. It is good to adopt a positive attitude, even when things are difficult. Adopting a positive attitude is good, even when things are difficult. 5. It is strongly advised to hire local guides, because they can offer accurate knowledge of Sarek culture and history. Hiring local guides is strongly advised, because they can offer accurate knowledge of Sarek culture and history. Discuss: How does the sentence focus change? The use of -ing forms as subject puts the action first, making the sentences seem more dynamic. The -ing form as the subject: Instant Exercises (P29, 3) 3 Fill in the blanks using the -ing form of a verb from the box and state its function. One word will be used twice. combine cover grow take limit walk experience Xixi National Wetland Park, _________10 square kilometres in western Hangzhou, is the first national wetland park in China. ___________ city life, nature, and wetlands makes the park a popular destination both for tourists and local residents. At Xixi, ________ a boat tour, ________ along paths, and _____________ local customs and traditions of the villages in this park are at the top of the list of people’s favourite activities. With trees, bushes, and colourful flowers ________ along the riversides, the park shows different sides of beauty in different seasons. In order to better develop as well as preserve this place, __________ human impact on Xixi Wetland was considered by the park designers. All the new buildings were designed in a traditional way to fit into the natural environment. This green, watery world is home to many birds and fishes. With trees _________ in the shallows, the wetland is a natural system for providing clean water and producing oxygen, which makes it the “green lungs of Hangzhou”. covering attributive Combining subject taking subject walking subject experiencing subject growing attributive Limiting subject growing object complement 高考链接 The -ing form: Comprehensive Exercises 1. Fishing is his favourite hobby, and __________ (collect) coins also gives him great pleasure. 2. Eugene’s never willing to alter any of his opinions. It’s no use ________ (argue) with him. 3. Here’s how ________ (keep) away from my phone for 48 hours changed me and my way of life. 4. This machine is very easy __________ (operate). Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. 5. ___________________ (ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. collecting arguing keeping to operate Ignoring / To ignore 6. _______________ (understand) your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions. 7. The meeting __________ (hold) tomorrow is of great importance. 8. The trees ______ (blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road. 9. Having tea in the late afternoon _________ (provide) a bridge between lunch and dinner. 10. __________ (compare) with our small flat, Bill’s house seemed like a palace. 11. Many Chinese brands, __________________ (develop) their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market. Understanding to be held blown provides Compared having developed The -ing form Summary 形式 用法 意义及功能 动名词做主语有三种形式 一般式 v + -ing 动词的形式，名词的用法和意义。 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 ① 动名词在句首直接作主语。 ② It 在句首作形式主语，动名词短语作真正的主语。 ③ There be + no + 动名词 动名词作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。此时，谓语动词用单数形式。 1 hunt for food 2 due to the extreme cold 3 explore a vast unknown land 4 it is strongly advised to do sth 5 offer accurate knowledge of ... 6 combine ... and ... 7 limit human impact on 8 fit into 由于极度严寒 探索一片广阔的未知之地 强烈建议做某事 提供精确的……知识 把……和……结合 限制人类对……的影响 适应 Important phrases (P28 ~ P29) 猎食 III Language Points What do these sentences have in common? Important sentences (P28 ~ P29) 1. The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park was set up in Jilin and Heilongjiang, with boundaries stretching all the way to the border and joining with Russia’s wildlife reserves. (P28, Ex. 3) 2. This larger park, with a connection to Russia’s wildlife reserves across the border, should give these species the natural space they need to live in. (P28, Ex. 3) 3. With trees, bushes, and colourful flowers growing along the riversides, the park shows different sides of beauty in different seasons. (P29, Ex. 3) 4. With trees growing in the shallows, the wetland is a natural system for providing clean water and producing oxygen, which makes it the “green lungs of Hangzhou”. (P29, Ex. 3) 5. There are various kinds of theme parks, with different parks for almost everything: food, culture, science, cartoons, movies, history, and so on. (P31, Para. 1) with 复合结构： with + n / pron + adj / adv / 介词短语 / V-ing / V-ed / to do 1. With the boy _________ (show) us the way, we got there easily. 2. With everything ______ (do), she made her way home. 3. With Mr Frank ________ (help) us, I’m sure we will succeed. 4. 怀揣着心中的梦想，他白手起家，建立了一个帝国。(with) 5. 问题解决了，整个团队都松了一口气。(with) 6. 英语竞赛越来越近了，同学们正在忙着复习英语。(with) showing done to help 即学即练 Important sentences (P28 ~ P29) With a dream in his heart, he started from nothing and built an empire. With the problem solved, a wave of relief washed over the entire team. With the English Contest coming / approaching / drawing near, students are busy / occupied reviewing English. It is hoped that Sarek National Park will always remain as it is, natural and beautiful. (P27, Ex. 5) 2. It was thought that by 1998 there were only six to nine wild Siberian tigers living in the remote region. (P28. Ex. 3) Please find out the sentence pattern in the two sentences. It is hoped that ... / It was thought that ... “有人希望 / 有人认为……”， 句型中 it 是 ___________，that 从句是 ____________。 常用结构： 形式主语 真正的主语 it is / was + said / reported / thought / hoped / believed / supposed + that-clause 1. It is said that he will study abroad. = _______________________________________________ 2. It is said that he is studying abroad. = _______________________________________________ 3. It is said that he have studied abroad for two years. = _______________________________________________ He is said to be studying abroad. 同义句转换 He is said to study abroad. He is said to have studied abroad for two years. It is + said + that-clause = sb be + said + to do / to be doing / to have done Important sentences (P28 ~ P29) 即学即练 1. 据报道，在这次事故中三人死亡。 2. 人们建议采取措施防止污染。 It is reported that three people have been killed in the accident. = Three people are reported to have been killed in the accident. It is suggested that measures be taken to stop the pollution. = Measures are suggested to be taken to stop the pollution. It is / was + suggested / advised / ordered / demanded / required / requested + that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形 1. To make sentences with words in Ex. 1 on page 28. 2. To list more compounds and derivative words. $