Unit 3～5语法 动词不定式知识点整理及练习 2025-2026学年外研版（2024）英语八年级上册

该资料系统梳理初中英语动词不定式语法体系，从概念及肯定否定形式切入，逐步解析其作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语的功能，同步对比动名词作宾语的动词差异，构建从基础认知到应用辨析的学习支架。 知识链路按“概念-功能-辨析-应用”逻辑清晰呈现，通过典型例句、动词分类表及“一感二听三让四看”口诀强化理解，习题涵盖翻译、选择、填空分层训练，助力学生精准掌握动词搭配规则，提升语言运用能力与逻辑辨析思维，培养科学学习策略。

八年级英语 语法：动词不定式 Unit 3 ---Unit 5 语法总结 动词不定式 概念：行为动词后采用“to+动词原形”的结构，这种结构被称为动词不定式。 肯定形式：to do 否定形式：not to do 功能： 动词不定式做宾语 范例： He always tried to improve his work. He didn’t want to make money from it. Shantanu decided to do something to help. He decided to design a new cup to help him. They wished to have a smart machine to warn them about... He also hoped to apply it to real life. 观察以上句子，可以看出，try,want,decide,wish,hope等后都连接了to do不定式结构。它们都是及物动词，动词不定式置于它们之后，做宾语，表明想要、提出、计划或希望要做的事。 请根据以上结构，试着翻译下面的句子： 1. 然而，他想要把它制作的更好一些。____________________________________ 2. 他决定免费把他的设计发到网上。_____________________________________ 3. 她决定设计一个新杯子来帮助她爷爷。_________________________________ 注意：并不是所有的动词都可以用不定式作宾语，有一些动词只能用动名词作宾语。例如：He enjoyed fixing problems one after another. 具体使用中，同学们需要特殊记忆不同动词对其后动词形式的不同要求： 常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：plan, decide, want, hope, offer, learn,agree, choose,fail,wish,refuse,expect,promise。 常用动名词作宾语的动词有：enjoy, practise,finish,avoid,keep,mind,consider,risk, imagine, give up,keep,put off,suggest,allow,appreciate,fancy,mind。 注意： 有些动词（如 begin, start, like, love, hate）后接不定式或动名词意义差别不大。但另一些动词后接两者则意义有明显区别，需特别注意： remember/forget/regret to do sth.：记得/忘记/遗憾要去做某事（事情未做）。 remember/forget/regret doing sth.：记得/忘记/后悔做过某事（事情已做）。 try to do sth.：努力、试图做某事。 try doing sth.：尝试做某事（作为一种方法）。 stop to do sth.：停下来去做另一件事。 stop doing sth.：停止正在做的事情。 例句： I remember seeing her at the party. 我记得在派对上见过她。（见过，动作已发生） Please remember to lock the door when you leave. 离开时请记得锁门。（锁门，动作未发生） He stopped to talk to his friend. 他停下来和朋友说话。（停下原来的事，去说话） He stopped talking when the teacher came in. 老师进来时，他停止了说话。（停止“说话”这个动作） 动词不定式做宾语补足语 范例： I asked the shopkeeper to show the QR code. The shopkeeper told me to use cash. I had to go home to get some cash. 观察以上句子，可以看出，上面句子中的宾语“the shopkeeper”, “me”,“home”的后面都加了to do不定式，来补充说明宾语，这样的结构叫做宾语补足语。可以将这一结构总结为：动词+宾语+动词不定式。 请根据以上结构，试着翻译下面的句子： 1. 移动支付允许我们使用智能手机支付。______________________________ 2. 她请室友把音乐关小一些。__________________________________________ 3. WWF选择了大熊猫作为其标志。_____________________________________ 4. 韩先生告诉我们不要制造太大的噪音。_________________________________ 5. 我让他停下来。____________________________________________________ 有些动词后接不定时做宾语补足语时，要将to省略。例如： The technology there lets me live a more convenient life! 现将动词不定式做宾语补足语情况总结如下： （1）常用的动词不定式作宾语的动词有：want, tell, ask, invite, help, allow, choose, teach, encourage, beg, wish等。 （2）在使役动词（如 make, let, have）和感官动词（如 feel, hear, see, watch, notice）后，作宾语补足语的动词不定式需要省略 to。口诀助记：一感（feel）、二听（hear, listen to）、三让（make, let, have）、四看（look at, see, watch, notice）、半帮助（help——后可带 to 也可不带 to，即 help sb. (to) do sth.）。例如： I’ll have Tony show you around the school. His words made everyone laugh. I often hear her sing in the next room. 动词不定式做目的状语 范例： I got on the train to go home. I went to a quiet area in order to read. I covered my ears in order to block the noise coming from Rock Girl. I covered my nose so as to reduce the smell coming from Mr Smelly Food. I turned around so as to see the other passengers’ faces. 从以上句子可以看出，动词不定式表示“做某事是为了什么”，做目的状语。做目的状语时，不定式既可以放在句首，也可以放在句尾。常用来做目的状语的动词不定式结构有：to do sth, in order to do sth, so as to do sth。 请根据以上结构，试着翻译下面的句子： 1. WWF正在努力挽救所有的动物。______________________________________ 2. 她每天都在练习，以提高自己的唱歌技巧。_____________________________ 3. 他刻苦训练以提高自己的篮球技术。___________________________________ 4. 为了买一台新电脑，他正在攒钱。_____________________________________ 动词不定式除了做宾语，宾语补足语，目的状语外，还可以做原因状语和结果状语等。 【动词不定式小练】 1． 单项选择题 1. My brother wants ______ a doctor when he grows up. A. become B. to become C. becoming 2. She enjoys ______ to light music before going to bed. A. listen B. to listen C. listening 3. We decided ______ our holiday in Hainan. A. spend B. to spend C. spending 4. Would you mind ______ me your dictionary? A. lend B. to lend C. lending 5. He promised ______ late again. A. not to be B. to not be C. not being 6. I finished ______ my homework at 9 pm. A. do B. to do C. doing 7. They hope ______ the project by next Friday. A. complete B. to complete C. completing 8. The students practise ______ English every morning. A. speak B. to speak C. speaking 9. Don't forget ______ the lights when you leave. A. turn off B. to turn off C. turning off 10. She avoided ______ him about the accident. A. tell B. to tell C. telling 11. Mr. Smith told John ______ the window. A. close B. to close C. closing 12. I often watch them ______ basketball on the playground. A. play B. to play C. playing 13. The doctor advised my father ______ smoking. A. give up B. to give up C. giving up 14. Let me ______ you with your luggage. A. help B. to help C. helping 15. She wants ______ a new computer. A. buy B. to buy C. buying 17. The teacher allowed us ______ a dictionary in the exam. A. use B. to use C. using 18. I heard someone ______ your name outside. A. call B. to call C. calling 19. He came early ______ get a good seat. A. so that B. in order to C. for 20. My mother asked me ______ back before 10 pm. A. come B. to come C. coming 21.She turns on the light ________ the book clearly. A．to see B．seeing C．saw D．see 22.—Why do you get up so early on weekends? —________ the early bus to the countryside. A．To catch B．Catching C．Catch D．Caught 23. Japanese schools offer safety programmes ________ students how to stay safe in earthquakes. A．teach B．teaching C．to teach D．taught 24．—Why do so many farmers put their fresh local produce online these days? —________ it more easily. A．Because to sell B．Because selling C．To sell D．For selling 25．—What else do you think we should pay attention to ________ our environment? —We can use as much clean energy as we can. A．improving B．improve C．to improving D．to improve 26．________ your online accounts, it’s important to use a “strong and long” password. A．Protect B．To protect C．Protection D．Protecting 27．I covered my nose ________ the smell coming from the smelly food. A．to reduce B．reduces C．reducing D．reduced 28．Linda often ________ her mobile phone ________ listen to music. A．uses; for B．use; to C．uses; to D．use; for 29．________ get lost in the forest, we’d better take a compass (指南针) with us. A．In order to B．Don’t in order to C．In order not to D．In order to not 30．Sally studies hard in order to ________ a good university. A．gets into B．get into C．got into D．getting into 41. We should do what we can ________ our eyes from the sun and the screen (屏幕) ________ wear thick glasses. A．to prevent; in order not to B．to protect; in order not to C．prevent; in order to not D．protect; in order to not 42．—What about ________ fishing with us this Sunday afternoon? —Sounds good, but I’d like ________ boating in the river. A．going; going B．going; to go C．go; to go D．to go; going 43．____be a doctor, you have to study for five years in college. A．So as to B．In order to C．So that D．Such that 44．I can only use the computer __________ because something may go wrong if I do something else on it. A.to do my homework B.for do my homework C.do my homework D. doing my homework 45．—Mary is very generous (慷慨的). —Yes, she gave away the food ________ people in need. A． to help B．to helping C．helped D．Helping 46. We were having great fun ________ basketball at seven yesterday evening. A． play B．playing C．played D．Plays 47. We should try our best to avoid ________ the environment. It’s our duty to protect the earth. A． pollute B．polluting C．to pollute D．Polluted 48. She can’t help ________ the house because she is busy making a cake. A． cleaning B．to clean C．cleans D.cleaned 49. I regret ________ you that we are unable to offer you the job. A． informing B．inform C．having informed D．to inform 50. The heavy snow stopped us from ________ the sports meeting. A．to hold B．held C．Holding D.hold 二．填空 1. I need ________________ (buy) some new clothes for the winter. 2. He keeps ___________________ (ask) me the same question. 3. We plan _____________ (visit) the Great Wall next month. 4. She suggested ______________ (go) for a walk in the park. 5. They agreed ______________ (help) us with the work. 6. Do you enjoy _______________ (swim) in the sea? 7. He offered ________________ (drive) me to the airport. 8. I can't imagine ______________ (live) in another country. 9. She hopes _________________ (pass) the exam with good grades. 10. We considered _______________ (move) to a bigger house. 11. The teacher asked the students ____________ (not talk) in class. 12. My parents want me ____________ (be) a doctor in the future. 13. I saw him _______________ (cross) the street just now. 14. She told me ____________ (wait) for her at the gate. 15. The mother made her son ______________ (clean) his room. 16. We often hear her ______________ (sing) in the next room. 17. He invited me ____________ (join) their party. 18. The policeman told the children ______ (not play) on the road. 19. I helped my mother ______ (cook) dinner yesterday. 20. They encouraged us ______ (try) our best. 21．___________(keep) your brain in good condition, you need to use it. 22. I went to the park_________________ (exercise). 23.Yesterday some parents bought us a big birthday cake___________(celebrate) our 14th birthday. 24．_______________(cheer) his little son up, the father bought his favourite Labubu toy for him. 25.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order______________(get) good grades and get into a good university. 26. We should do more_____________( spread) Chinese spirit, Chinese value and Chinese strength. 27.In cold winter, birds fly far away_____________ (find) a warm and sunny place. 28______________(save) energy, we should take public transport, such as buses. 29. Let’s find out what else we can do_____________(protect) as many animals as possible. 30. Life is like a story. You’d better improve yourself all the time___________(make) your story wonderful. 31．—We should stop_____________(use) plastic bags to protect the environment. —I agree with you. 40． Everyone should spend some time_______________to keep their mind active. (read) 41． All the students were busy_________________(make) their travel plans. 42． Would you like_______________________(join) us for dinner this Sunday? 43． He looked forward to ______________ (join) the army. 44． ---Would you mind __________ (open) the window? It’s very hot. ----No, not at all. 45. After long years of war, many people in Syria are homeless. I think it important ____________ (build) a peaceful world. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $